A CONCISE
DICTIONARY
OF OLD
ICELANDIC
G. T. Zoega
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A CONCISE DICTIONARY OF
OLD ICELANDIC
Digitized by the Internet Archive
in 2007 with funding from
IVIicrosoft Corporation
http://www.archive.org/details/concisedictionar001857
A CONCISE
DICTIONARY
OF
OLD ICELANDIC
BY
GEIR T. ZOEGA
FIRST MASTER IN THE GRAMMAR SCHOOL OF REVKJAvfK
AUTHOR OF
AN ENGLISH-ICELANDIC AND ICELANDIC-ENGLISH DICTIONARY
OXFORD
AT THE CLARENDON PRESS
Oxford University Press, Ely House, London W. i
GLASGOW NEW YORK TORONTO MELBOURNE WELLINGTON
CAPE TOWN SALISBURY IBADAN NAIROBI LUSAKA ADDIS ABABA
BOMBAY CALCUTTA MADRAS KARACHI LAHORE DACCA
KUALA LUMPUR HONG KONG TOKYO
FIRST EDITION IQIO
REPRINTED I 9 2 6, I942, I952, I961, I965, I967
PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN
M'
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PREFACE
While it cannot be said that the study of Icelandic has been
neglected in Britain, there can be no doubt that it might with advantage
become much more general than it has been. There are several good
reasons why it should be so. The Scandinavian influence was the
earliest, and one of the strongest, of those outward forces which have
gone to the making of modern English, and for the proper investigation
and appreciation of this a knowledge of Icelandic is of the first impor-
tance. Not only does it supply a linguistic basis for such a study ; it is
also the source of much of the information necessary for the under-
standing of that period of British history. In itself, too, Old Icelandic
literature, both in poetry and prose, presents a wealth of interesting
material, which in some respects stands unrivalled among the literatures
of mediaeval Europe, and without which our knowledge of the ancient
North would be the merest shadow of what it is.
This important language and literature first became easily accessible
to the English student with the publication (in 1869-74) of the Icelandic
Dictionary begun by Richard Cleasby, and completed for the Clarendon
Press by Gudbrand Vigfusson. This still remains the fullest record of
Icelandic as a whole, although some portions of the older vocabulary
have been more fully dealt with in later works. For beginners, how-
ever, and for those whose interests chiefly centre in the old Icelandic
prose-writings, some more convenient and cheaper work has been greatly
needed, and the present volume is intended to supply this want. In the
main it is founded on the Oxford Dictionary, and has been compiled on
the general principle of including all those words which the ordinary
student of Icelandic is likely to meet with in the course of his reading.
With the exception of the Edda poems, the purely poetic vocabulary has
vi PREFACE
lor the most part been omitted, as well as a number of compounds
occurring only in legal, theological, or technical works. The line has
not been very strictly drawn, however, and in doubtful cases insertion
has been preferred to omission, especially where space readily admitted
of this course. In the English renderings of the Icelandic words it has
usually been possible to follow the larger work, but changes have been
freely made wherever they seemed to be required. To make the precise
meaning of the word still more evident, a short phrase or sentence has
frequently been inserted after the English equivalent, and the student
will find the usefulness of these illustrations increase as his knowledge
of the language improves. The more difficult examples have been
translated, entirely or in part, especially those illustrating the idiomatic
uses of common verbs, which even in a concise dictionary must be
treated with considerable fullness.
The arrangement of the larger dictionary has on the whole been
followed, but a few changes have been introduced. The most important
of these are the insertion of genitive compounds in their alphabetical
places instead of under the simple word (e. g. alda-^ aldar- on p. 7
instead of under old on p. 528), and the separation of de from ot.
Although these vowels were confused in Icelandic from an early date,
and editions of old texts printed in Iceland usually employ as only,
the distinction has much value for etymology and for the study of the
other Scandinavian tongues. The vowel e has also been distinguished
from 0 (for which many editions use the more original g\ but without
separation of the words containing them. In the reflexive forms of
verbs the later -st has been used instead of the early -sk ; the student
must note, however, that in many editions the intermediate -z is
employed. For purely philological purposes a different procedure
would in some points have been advisable, but the dictionary is intended
in the first place to assist in reading the Icelandic sagas as they appear
in the most accessible editions.
For the convenience of beginners the tables of declensions and con-
jugations, and the lists of irregular forms, are reprinted (with some
PREFACE vii
alterations and corrections) from the 'Outlines of Grammar' given in
the larger work. A table of irregular verbs is unnecessary, as the con-
jugation of these is fully given in the dictionary itself.
For the original suggestion which led to my undertaking this work
I am indebted to Dr. W. A. Craigie, Taylorian Lecturer in the Scandi-
navian Languages in Oxford, and one of the foremost scholars in both
ancient and modern Icelandic. Dr. Craigie has, moreover, revised the
whole of the manuscript and proofs, and by doing so has helped con-
siderably towards greater exactness in the renderings and correctness in
the English. Although it is too much to expect that in a work of this
nature all errors and omissions have been avoided, I trust that those
which exist may prove to be of a minor character, and that the
dictionary as a whole may help to bring about a wider interest in the
language and literature of my native country.
E-EYKJAVfK,
Marchf 19 10.
ICELANDIC DICTIONARY
a, a negative suffix to verbs, not ;
era iimakligt, at it is not unmeet that.
abbadis ipl, -ar), f. abbess.
abbast (a5'. v. ref.. to be angry, to
quarrel (a. vi6 e-n, upp i. e-n).
abbindi ( = afbindi), n. constipation.
aSal, n. nature., disposition.
at5al-, in compds., chief., head, -prin-
cipal-, -a,^'keri,n. sheet-anchor; -bol,
n. manor ; -borinn, pp. of noble birth,
= 65al-borinn ; -festr, f. see alads-
festr ; -fylking, f. the main body of
troops, centre ; -haf, n. the high sea ;
-henda, f. = alhenda ; -hen ding, f.
full or perfect rhyrne, as go^ : blo^
(opposed to ' skothending-'j ; -hendr,
a. (verse) with perfect rhymes ; -kelda,
f. chief well; -kirkja, f. chief part of
a church, opp. to ' forkirkja' ; -liga,
adv. co7npletely, quite ; -merki, n.
chief bafiner ; -ritning, f. chief writ-
ing; -skali, m. the maitihall, opp. to
' forskali, forhus ' ; -tr6, n. ttunk of
a tree ; -troll, n. downright ogre ;
-tiilkr, m. chief spokesman.
aSild, f. chief defendantship or pro-
secutorship.
aSildarmac5r, m. =a6ili.
a(5ili (-ja, -jar, later -a, -ar), m.
chief dcfendajit ( varnaraSili) or pro-
secutor (soknaraSili, sakaradilij.
af, prep. w. dat. 1. Ot place : (i) ^
ff-om ; G. hljop af hesti sinum, G. jump-
ed off his horse; ganga af motinu, to go
away f> am the meeti7ig; Flosi kastaSi
af ser skikkjunni, threw off his cloak ;
Gizzur gekk af utsuQri at gerSinu.
fro7n the south-west; hann halSi leyst
af ser skua sina, he had taken off his
shoes; Steinarr vildi slita hann af s^r,
throiv him off; tok Gisli J)d af ser
v^pnin, took off his a7-ms ; bref af
Magniisi konungi, a letter from king
M. ; land af landi, /r^;;z one land to
the other; hverr af odrum, one after
ICEL. DICT
another, in succession ; vil ek J)u vinnir
af J)er skuldina, work off the debt ;
muntu enga saett af mer fd, 710 peace
at 7ny hand; n'sa af dauda, to rise
f 7-0771 the dead; vakna af draumi, to
awake7i fro7n a drea77i ; luka upp af
hrossi, to ope7i agate fro)7i off a horse ;
vindr st66 af landi, the wind blew fr 0771
the land; (2) out of; verQa tekinn af
heimi, to be take7i out of the world ;
gruflar hon af lasknum, she SLra77ibles
Old of the brook; Otradalr var mjok
af \t'g\,far out of the ix ay. Connected
with ut ; fostudaginn for ut herrinn af
borginni, 7narched out of the town. II.
Of lime ; past, beyond: af omaga-aldri,
able to support oneself, of age ; ek em
nu af lettasta skeiSi, 710 longer i7i the
pri7ne of life ; J)d er sjau vikur eru af
sumri, when sei'en weeks ofstwwierare
past; var mikit af nott, tnuch of the
night was past. III. In various
other relations : (i) t)iggja 16 af e-m,
to 7-eceive help fro7)i one ; hafa umbo5
af e-m, to be another's deputy ; vera
g65s (ills) maklegr af e-m, to deserve
good {bad) of ofie; feil J)ar lid mart af
Eyvindi, 7nany of Eyvind's men fell
there ; pd eru J)eir utlagir ok af goSorSi
sinu, have forfeite I their ' go5or6 ' ;
J)d skalt t>u af allri fjd.rheimtunni,y6'r-
fcit all the claim ; ek skal stefna J)er
af konunni, su7n77ion thee to give tip ;
(2) off, of; hoggva fot, hond, af e-m,
to cut off one's foot, hand; vil ek, at
J)u takir sli'kt sem J)er li'kar af varningi,
whatever you like of the sto7es; jDar
M forkr einn ok brotit af endanum,
with the poi7it broken off; absol., beit
hann hondina af, bit the hand off;
fauk af hofuSit, the head flew off;
(3) of ci7no7tg; hinn efniiigasti ma6r
af ungum monnuni, the 7>tost pro77iis~
ing oj the yountj; 77ie7i ; (4) with ;
hlada (ferma) skip af e-u, to load
B
AFAR
r2]
AF-FLYTJA
{freight) a ship with ; fylla heiminn
af si'nu kyni, to fill the world with his
offspring', (5) ^/(=^r which is more
frequent) ; husit var gert af timbr
stokkum, was btiilt of trunks of trees \
{6) fig., eigi vita menn hvat at honum
er orQit, what has become of hiin\
hvat hefir t)u gert af Gunnari, what
hast thou done with Gunnar? ; (7)
denoting parentage, descent, origin ;
ok eru af peim komnir Gilsbekkingar,
are descended from them ; kominn
af Tr6jumonnum, descended froin the
Trojans \ (8) by, of (after passive);
ek em sendr hingat af StarkaSi, sent
hither by S. ; dstsasllaf landsmonnum,
beloved of \ (9) on account of by reason
of by ; ubygQr af frosti ok kulda, be-
cause of frost and cold', omdli af i.-
verkum, speechless from wounds ; af
dstsaeld hans, by his popularity ; af
J)vi, therefore ; af hvi, wherefore, why ;
af pvi at, because', (10) by means of,
by ; framfcera e-n af verkum si'num,
by means of his own labour ; af sinu
i€, by one's own itieans ; absol., hann
fekk af hina mestu soemd, derived
great honour from it', (11) with ad-
jectives, in regard to ; mildr af i€,
liberal of money ; g66r af griQum,
merciful ; fastr af drykk, close {stingy)
in regard to drink ', (12) used absol.
with a verb, off, away, hann baS
hann Jjd roa af fjorSinn, to row the
firth off', ok er {)eir hofSu af fjdrSung,
when they had covered one fourth of
the way ; sofa af nottina, to sleep the
night away.
afar, adv., used as an intensive be-
fore an adj. or another adv., very,
exceedingly (a. auSigr, a. breiSr, a. vel,
a. ilia).
afarko3ta-laust, adv. on fair terms.
afar-kostr, m. hard ter77is', -ligr,
a. immense, huge', -menni, n. an
outstanding man ; -orS, n. overbear-
ing word ; -uSigr, a. overbearing ;
-yrSi, n. pi. proud speech.
af-aut5it, pp. n., e-m ver3r afauSit
um e-t, one has bad luck {fails) in a
thing ; -blomga (a$), v. to deprive of
fioivers ; fig., afblomga frasgC e-s, to
detract from one's fame ; -boS, n.
threats, hign woras ; -bragc5, n. para-
gon (afbragS annarra manna) ; in
genitive, as a prefix to nouns, sur-
passing, excellent (afbragds vaenleikr,
afbragds maQr).
afbragcSligr, a. surpassing.
af-brigtS, n. deviation, transgression.
afbrigSar-tr6, n. tree of transgres-
sion.
af-brig^i, n. (i) alteration ; (2) =
-brigS ; -brot, n. offence, transgression ;
-brug^ning, f. deviation ; -bruSigr,
a. jealous ; -brySa (-dda, -ddr), v. to
be Jealous', -lory^ifXi. jealousy.
afburSar, gen. from ' afburSr ', used
as an intensive before adjectives and
adverbs, very, exceedi7igly (a. digr, a.
vaenn, a. sterkliga, a. vel).
afburSar-macSr, m. 7nan of mark ;
-samr, a. given to distinguish one-
self', -skip, n. first-rate ship.
af-burtSr, m. superiority ; kvaS hon-
um eigi annat vaenna til afbur3ar, to
get the better of it ; ok vilda ek, at
hon yrSi eigi meS minnum afbur6um,
less glorious', -dalr, m. a retnote, an
out-oft he-way, valley ; -deilingr, m.
part, portion f share; -drattr, m. (i)
dimimition, deduction ; (2) subtrac-
tion ; -drif, n. pi. destiny, fate (likligr
til storra afdrifa) ; -drykkja, f.=
ofdrykkja; -doema (-da, -dr), v. (i)
to take away from one by judicial
decision (afdoema e-n e-u) ; (2) to
prohibit', -eggja [e^]^ v. to dissuade',
-eigna (at5), v. to dispossess (afeigna
e-m e-t) j -eista (aS), v. to castrate ;
-erfa (-5a, -Sr), v. to disinherit;
-eyringr, m. one whose ears have been
cut off; -fall, n. diminution, abate-
ment ; selja e-t me5 affollum, to sell
at a discou7it.
affara-, gen. pi. from ' affor ', depar-
ture ; hence affara-dagr, m. the last
day of a feast ; -dagr jola, Twelfth
-night; affara-kveld, n. the last
eveni77g of a fast.
af-feSrast (ac5), v. to degene7'ate;
-ferma (-da, -dr), v. to unload (af*
ferma skip) ; -fletta (-tta, -ttr), v. to
strip (afifletta e-n e-u) ; -flutningr,
m. (i) depreciation; (2) dissuasion;
-flytja (see flytja), v. (i) to disparage
AP-PCERA
[3]
APIiA-STUN
(afflytja fyrir e-m) ; (2) to represent
as unadvisable ; -foera, v. to misre-
present'^ -gamall, a. very old, de-
crepit; -ganga, f. (i) digression ", (2)
deviation from the right course (af-
ganga gu6s laga) ; -gangr, m. (i)
surplus ; hafa hey me6 afgongum, to
spare ; afgangs, left over, remaining ;
(2) decease, death ; -gelja, f. chatter-
ing ; -gipt, f. indtdgence, absolution.
afgiptar-br6f, n. letter of indulgence.
af-gjarn, a. eager to be off (afgjarnt
er ofundarf^) ; -gjof, f. tribute ; -glapa
(at5), V. to disturb an assenibly or
ptiblic meeting ; -glapan, f, distur-
bance (things afglapan) ; -glapi, m.fool,
sifnpleton ; -greizla, f. payment, con-
tribution,
afgongu-dagr, m. = affara-dagr.
af-g0ra (-5a, -t5r), v. to do amiss, do
wrong (ek hefi engan hlut afg^rt vi3
pik) ; -g0rS, f. transgression, offence ;
-hallr, a. having a dowiiward slope ;
-haugr, m. side-mound \ -hefS, f.
ivithholdinganother' s property ; -helg-
ast (at$), V. refl. to become iitiholy, to
be profaned ; -hellir, m. side-cave ;
-henda (-nda, -ndr), v. (i) to hand
over ; (2) to pay (afhenda skuld) ;
-hendis, adv. off one* s ha^id ; -hendr,
a. out of one's hand; segja e-n (serj
afhendan, to giveofte up ; -hent, a. n.
unfit (e-m er e-t afhent) ; -heyrandi,
pr. p. out of hearing, absent, opp. to
* dheyrandi ' ; -heyris, adv. out of hear-
ing, opp. to ' dheyris ' ; -hlaup, n. sur-
plus ; -hlutr, m. share of a thing;
-hly(5ast (-dd), v. refl. to disobey ;
-hrapi, m. impoverishjnent ; -hroS,
n. damage, loss ; gjalda mikit af hro3,
to sustain a heavy loss ; gera mikit
afhroS, to make great havoc ; -huga,
a. indecl. having turned one's mind
from ; verSa afhuga e-u, to mind no
more ; -hugaSr, a. = -huga (-hugaSr
vi6 e-t) ; -hugast (aS), v. refl. to put
out of one's mind, with dat. ; -hus, n.
outhouse, side-apartment; -hvarf, n.
deviation from the di^-ect path (opp.
to * gagnvegr ') ; -hy$a (-dda, -ddr),
v. to scourge thoroughly; -hylja
(see hylja), v. to uncover ; -hyming,
f. by-corner, recess ; -haera (-Sa, -Srj,
V. to cut off the hair-j -hoftSa fatJ), v.
to behead; -hogg, n. hewing off, muti-
lation ; chippings.
afi, m. (1) grandfather; (2) man\
a. eptir afa, in regular descent.
af-kaup, n. bad bargain (opp. to
' hagkeypi ').
af-karr, a. strange, prodis^ious.
afkleyfis-or$, n., -samstafa, f. a
superfluous word, syllable (in a verse).
af-kl8B5a (-dda, -ddr), v. to undress
refl., afklaeSast, to undress oneself
-komandi (pi. -endr), m. descefidant
-kvistr, m. lateral branch, offshoot
-kvaBmi, n. offspring,
afkvaBmis-maSr, m. descendant.
af-kynjaSr, pp. degenerate ; -kyn-
jast (aS), V. refl. to degenerate,
afl, m. hearth of a forge.
afl, n. (i) physical strength (ramr,
styrkr, at afli) ; (2) force, violence ;
taka me5 afli, by force; {-i^) plurality
of votes, majority ; ok skal afl rd6a,
the majority shall decide ; (4) virtue,
inherent power; a. daudfoerandi grasa,
the virtue of poisonous herbs.
afla (at5), v. to gain, earn, procure
(a. e-m e-s) ; a. ser iykx ok frama, to
earn fame and wealth ; afladi {)essi
bardagi honum mikillar fraegSar,
brougitt him great fatne ; (2) with
ace, to earn (aflaOi harm t)ar fe
mikit) ; refl., e-m aflast e-t, one gains
a thing; (3) with dat., to perform,
accomplish (harm aflaSi brdtt mikilli
vinnu) ; with infin., to be able (ekki
aflar harm {jvi at standa 1 moti ydur).
afla- far, a. short of strength ; e-m
ver6r afla-fdtt, one fails in strotgth.
aflag, n. ( I ) slaughteritig of cattle ;
(2) gen., aflags = afgangs, left over.
af-laga, adv. unlawfully ; -lagliga,
adv. =aflaga.
afla-litill, a. deficient in strength,
weak; -matSr, m. powerful man;
-mikill, a. (i) strong; (2) powerful;
-munr, m. odds ; etja vid -muninn,
to fight against odds.
aflan, f. gain, acquisition.
aflanar-matSr, m. good steward.
afla-skortr, m. short-coining in
power or strength ; -stund, i. fishing-
season.
AF-LAUSN
[4]
AFREKS-MADR
af-lausn, f. (l) discharge {release)
from claim or obligation ; (2) absohi-
tioTty indulgence (aflausn synda) ;
-Idt, n. (i) leaving off, relinquishing
(afldt synda, misverka) ; ixi afldti,
incessantly, (2) retnission, pardon
(afldt misgernin^a, synda) ; -lata
(see Idta), v. with infin. to cease ;
-leggja (see leggja), v. (l) to put
aside ; (2) to give up, abandon ;
-leiSing, f. (i) terms ; godar afleiSing-
ar eru me3 J)eim, they are on good
terms', (2) metric, contimiation-,
-leiSingr, m. = afleiSing (i); t^eir
skildu goSan afleiSing, they parted on
friendly terms; -leiSis, adv. (i) out
of the right path or course (sigla
afleiSis) ; (2) fig., ganga afleiSis, to go
astray ; snua (draga, fcera) e-t afleicJis,
to pervert, misrepresent (J)u foerSir or6
peirra afleiQis) ; sniia e-m afleiSis, to
lead astray ; -leifar, f. pi. leavings,
remnants ; -leitinn, a. of odd appear-
ance ; -leitliga, adv. perversely (ilia
ok afleitliga) ; -leitligr, a. perverse,
deforjned; -leitr, a. (i) strange,
hideous, disgusting (hversu afleitir
oss synast ^eirra hsettirj ; (2) with
d2X., deserted by ; afleitr hamingjunni,
luckless ; -lendis, adv. abroad ( =
erlendis) ; -lendr, 2.. far fi'oin la?id,
in open sea ; -letja (see letja), v. to
dissuade from (afletja e-n at gera e-t,
afletja e-t fyrir sdr) ; -l§tta (-tta, -tt),
V. to cease; cf. letta af; -16ttr, a.
prompt, ready.
afl-fatt, a. n. short of strength ; e-m
verSr -fatt, one fails in strength.
afl-grof, f. forge-pit \ -hella, f.
hearth-stone in a forge.
afli, m. (i) means, gain, earnifigs,
proceeds (afli ok herfang) ; (2) might,
power; hafa afla til einskis, to have
7neans for nothing, be tenable to do
anything; (3) troops, forces ; {)eir
draga afla at y3ur, they gather forces
against you ; Ei'^inn {the inain body)
Magnuss konungs fiySi allr.
af-lima (a6), v. to dismember, muti-
late ; -lima, a. indecl. ( i ) disme^nbered,
mutilated; ( 2) fig., verSa aflima, to lose
the use of one's limbs, to becojne para-
lysed ; (3) ver6ae-maflima,/^^,?/(^r/^^
from (ek kve6 aflima orSnar Jj^rdisir) ;
-liman, f. dismembering, mutilation.
afl-lauss,a. nerveless, weak; palsied,
paralytic ; -leysi, n. weakness, nerve-
lessness ; -litill, a. weak, feeble ;
-mikill, a. strong, of great strength,
af-lofa (at5), v. to prohibit ; -loka
(a$), v. to open (afloka hurSina).
afl-raun, f. trial {proof) of strength
(Jjotti J)etta mikil -raun) ; pi. bodily
exercises (Skallagrimr hendi mikit
gaman at -raunumokleikum); -skortr,
m. lack of strength (ekki var6 mer
-skortr vio J)ik fyrrum).
afls-inat5r, m. stro?ig man ; -munr,
m. difference in stretigth, odds.
afl-vani, a. deficient i?i strength ;
verda afl-vani, to succuinb, be over-
powered.
afl-voSvi, m. the biceps muscle.
af-logliga, adv. unlawfully ; -log-
ligr, a. unlawful, contrary to law ;
-ma (see ma), v. to blot out, destroy ;
-moeSra (aS), v. to wean ; -nam, n.
(i) tak'ng away, extirpation, de-
structiofi ; (2) at afndmi, by reservation
(before division of property, spoil, or
inheritance) ; (3) loss (ef hann verSr
at skaSa peim monnum, er oss mun
pykkja afndm i) ; (4) surplus.
afnams-fe, n., -gripr, m. goods, an
article of value, taken before a divi-
sion ; cf. afndm (2).
af-nefjaSr, pp. having the nose cut
off, noseless ; -neita (ac5 or -tta, -tt),
V. (i) to r.?;^<7zm^<?(afneitaveroldinni) ;
(2) dejiy, refuse (eigi vil ek J)vi afneita);
-neitan, -neiting, f. abnegation, re-
nunciation, deriia,l; -neyzla, f. use
(afneyzla skogarins) ; -nita (-tta, -tt),
v.= -neita.
afr, m. some kind of beverage.
af-ra5, n. payment ; gjalda afrdS, to
pay heavily, suffer severely.
af-rei5, f. setting off on horseback.
af-reizla, f. outlay, paymefit.
af-iek, n. great achievement, deed
of prowess (vinna afrek ; margir
lofuSu mjok afrek Egils).
af-reka 1 aS), v. to achieve, perform
(munu per mikit afreka).
afreks-gripr, m. a thing of great
value ; -maSr, m. a valiant man, hero ;
AFREKS-VERK
[5]
AF-VALDR
afreks-verk, n. valia?it deed, great
achievement, exploit.
af-remma, f. restriction, encum-
brance.
afrendi, f. strength, valour\ afrendr,
a. strong (a. at afli) ; cf. afr-hendr.
at-r6tt, f. comjnon pasture, = 2i{-r€x.ir.
afrettar-domr, m. a court held for
deciding causes concerning com?non
pasture ; -menn, m. pi. partners in
co))i7)ion pasture.
af-r6ttr, m. cojn^non pasture (J)at er
afrettr, er tveir menn eigo saman e6a
fleiri).
afr-hendr, a. j/r^;/^, = afrendr.
af-roS, n. = afhroo, afr^d ; -rog, n.
justijication, excuse', -rutSningr, m.
clearing off, defence ; -runr (pi. -ir),
m. injury, wrong ; -rcekja (-ta, -tr), v.
to neglect . = urcekja. (afroekja bod e-s);
refl., afioekjast e-u or e-t, to neglect ;
to leave off (konungar afrcEktust at
sitja at Uppsolum) ; -saka (aS), v.
to excuse, exculpate; -sakan, f. excuse,
exculpation ; -sanna(ac5), v. to prove
to be false, refute ; -segja (see segja),
V. (i) to resign, renounce (afsagfii
hann ser heiminn) ; (2) to refuse, deny
(peir afsogSu leiSangr uti at hafa) ;
-setning, f. deposition ; -siSa, a. indecl.
immoral', -si:Qa (at5), v. to alienate
from one's family (afsifja ser e-t);
-sic5a, adv. aside, apart ; -skapligr,
a. ?nonstrous, huge, shocking (afskap-
ligt dfelli) ; -skeit^is, adv. out of the
right path, astray, = 2i^G.\6\s, afvegis ;
-skipan, f. dismissal, deposition ;
-skipta, a. indecl. wrofiged, cheated',
vera gorr afskipta, to be wrofiged.
affak'pta-lauss, a. having nothing
to do with (gera s^r -laust vi6 e-n) ;
-litill, a. caring little about (um e-tj ;
-samr, a. =afskiptinn.
af-skipti, n. pi. dealings {with),
intercourse (ok engi afskipti veita
heiSnum godum) ; -skiptinn, a.
meddlesome ; -skiptr, pp. ( i ) wronged,
cheated', (2) afskiptr af e-u, void of,
having no interest in ; -skrdmligr, a.
hideous, monstrous (afskrdmligt ill-
virki) ; -skraemiliga, adv. hideously ;
dttast afskreemiliga to be scared at ;
-skurtSr, m. cutting off', -skyld, f.
obligation, encumbrance ; -sliSra (aS),
v. to unsheath ; -smekkr, m. taste ;
-sni5, n. a bit cut off, snip ; -sniSning,
f. cutting or snipping off.
afsniSningar-jarn, n. chopper.
af-sni(5is, adv. obliquely^ aslant
(afsnidis um handlegginn) ; -spraki,
m. rtanoury news', -springi, n. (i)
offspring, progeny ; (2) produce
{growth) of the earth ; -springr, m.
(i) = -springi; {2) band, detachment ',
(3) fig. offshoot (er mikil vdn, at par
verSi nokkur afspringr af {jessum
6fri6i) ; (4) rumour, notice (finokkurn
afspring um e-t) ; -spurn, f. news^
information ; -standa (see standa),
V. to cede, part with ; -stigr, m. by-
path ; -stuka, f. side-?iook, side-7'oom ;
-styrmi, n. manikin, pigmy ; -svar,
n. refusal', veita e-u afsvor, to refuse,
deny ; -svara (at5), v. to deny, refuse
(afsvara e-u 6»r um e-t) ; -sveipa (a5),
v. to uncover (afsveipa likit) ; -sviptr,
pp. deprived of ', afsviptr J^inni ^sjonu,
cut off from thy countenance ; -synis,
adv. out of sight ; -seell, a. unfor-
tunate, luckless.
af- tak, n . ( I ) taking away ; (2) slay-
ing, manslaughter ; hvat hann vildi
bj63a fyrir aftak Geirsteins, for the
slaying of G. ; -taka, f. (i) taking
away, loss ; {2) slaying, = aftak (hann
hafSi verit at aftoku {^orkels fostra).
aftaka-maSr, m. a determi7ted per-
son (-mafir um e-t) ; -minni, a. com-
par. less stubborn, more pliable.
af-tekja, f. revenue (dbu3 ok aftekja
staQanna) ; -tekning, f. taking away,
-tekt, f. (i) «= aftekja ; (2) ='aftak 2 ;
-telja (see telja), v. to represent as
unadvisable, dissuade (aftelja e-t fyrir
e-m) ; -tigna (ac5), v. to strip of dignity
or honour ; -triia, f. unbelief, heresy ;
-triia (atS), v. to make otie abandon
his religious faith', refl., aftriiast, to
fall into unbelief', -toekiligr, a. advis-
able ; -tcBkr, a. blameworthy (at fitt
muni vera aftoekt um skapsmuni
y6ra) ; -toema (-da, -dr), v. to empty ;
refl., aftoemast, to be emptied ox cleared
^/(e-u).
afusa, f. gratitude ; see * aufusa *.
af-valdr, a. vera afvaldr e-u or e-s.
AF-VEGA
[6]
AKR-KAL
to be the cause of a thing ; -vega, adv.
out of the right way, astray ; -vegaSr,
pp. led astray, misled ; -vegar, -vegis,
adv.= -vega ; -velta, a. m^&zX. fallen
on the back and unable to rise ; -vensla,
f. expenses, outlay ; -vik, n. creek,
recess ; -vinna, f. = afvensla.
af-virSa (-r^a, -r6r), v. (i) to dis-
grace^ dishonour (afvirda ndunga
sinn) ; afvirSa fyrir e-m, /^ throw a slur
on one ; (2) to detest, abhor (afvirSa
6dddirnar) ; refl., afvirSast, to think it
unworthy of oneself, with infin.
afvirt^iligr, a. detestable, 7nean.
af-vir(5ing, f. disparagejuent^ de-
preciation ; -vfiBnn, a. uiiexpected, =
uvasnn ; -voxtr, m. decrease, loss, opp.
to * dvoxtr '.
af-I)okka (ac5), v. to disparage, dis-
credit, to bring into discredit (aft)okka
fyrir e-m); refl., afpokkast e-m, to
displease ; -l)okkan, f . ( i ) disparage-
ment; [2) displeasure, dislike', -J)vattr,
m. washing off, ablutio7i ; -J)y^a
(-dda, -ddr), v. = afvirSa, afJ)okka ;
-aBta, f. a great bully.
aga, V. impers., nu agir vi5, now
there is a gt-eat uproar.
aga-lauss, a. {i) free frojft distur-
bances (var nu allt kyrt ok agalaust) ;
(2) unpimished ; -samligr, a. nnjtily ;
-ssiViiv y a., turbulent ; agasamt mun J)^
verSa 1 heraQinu, ef, there will be up-
roar in the district, if.
agi, m. (i) awe, tei-ror (J)d. skelfr
jor3 611 f aga miklum) ; (2) uproar,
turbulence (a. ok ufric3r) ; (3) dis-
cipline, constraint.
agn, n. bait\ ganga i. agnit, to
nibble the bait ; -sax, n. a knife for
cutting bait ; -or, f. barb of a fish-
hook.
aka (ek, 6k, okum, ekinn), v. (i)
to drive (a vehicle or animal draw-
ing a vehicle), with dat. : gott er
heilum vagni heim at a., it is good to
get home safe and sound ; a. Jjrennum
eykjum, with three yoke of horses ;
(2) to carry or convey in a vehicle, to
cart, with dat. or ace. (hann ok
heyjum sinum i. yxnum : hann ok
skarni d hoJa) ; a. saman hey, to cart
hay ; likin vdru ekin f sleSa, carried
in a sledge', (3) with the prep, f or d ;
Freyr ok 1 kerru me3 gelti ; ri6r f>.
hesti J)eim, er hann hafSi ekit d;
(4) absol, to drive in a vehicle (f6ru
l)eir i sledann ok oku alia nottina) ;
with ace. of the road (oku urgar
brautir) ; (5) naut., to trim the sail
(a. seglum at endilongum skipum) ;
(6) to remove, with dat. ; ok hann af
ser f jotrinum, worked it off by rubbing ;
ok Oddr ser J)ar at, worked himself
//z/M^r (of a fettered prisoner) ; a. e-m
d bug or a. bug i. e-n, to make one give
way, repel', intrans. = akast, to 7nove
slowly ; hvdrrgi ok {gave way) fyrir
o6rum ; a. undan, to retire, retreat ;
(7) impers., hart ekr at e-m, one is ift
great straits ; ekr nu mjok at, 1 atn
hard pressed; e-m ver6r naarekit, 07te
gets into straits, is hard pressed; refl.,
e-m ekst e-t 1 tauma, one is thwarted
in a thing.
akarn, n. acorn.
ak-braut, f. can-iage-road ; -foeri, n.
driving gear, carriage and har?iess.
akkeri, n. anchor ; liggja um akkeri,
to lie at anchor; leggjast um a., to
cast anchor ; heimta upp a., to weigh
anchor ; a. hrifr vi5, the anchor holds,
akkeris-fleinn, m. fluke of an
anchor ; -lauss, a. without anchor ;
-leggr, m, shank of an anchor ;
-laegi, n. anchorage; -sat, f.=-lcegi;
-stokkr, m. anchor-stock; -strengr,
m. anchor-rope, cable; -ssBti, n.=
-sdt.
akr (gen. akrs, pi. akrar), m. (i)
field, corn-field (bleikir akrar en
slegin tun) : (2) crop (J)eirhofc5u niSr-
brotit akra hans alia).
akra-dvoxtr, m. produce of the
fields ; -gerSi, n. enclosure of arable
land; -merki, n. field-boimdary ;
-skipti, n. parcelling out of fields ;
-spillir, m. destroyer of fields.
akr-dai,m. rt>6/;'2^/^w^^^/(ga]eopsis) ;
-deili, n. patch of arable la?id ; -for,
f. plough-furrow; -gerS, f. agri-
culture.
akrger(5ar-niat5r, m. husba7tdman.
akr-ger$i, n. e7iclosu7'e of arable
land; -hssna, f. quail; -karl, m.
plough7}ian, 7'eaper\ -kal, x\. potherbs'..
AKK-Kvfsij
m
AIiDAR-f»OPTI
-kvlsl, f. dung-fork^ — mykikvisl ;
-land, n. arable land\ -lengd, f. a
fields s length (svd at akriengd var f
milium peirra) ; -lykkja, f. = -ger3i ;
-maSr, m. = -karl, akrgerQarmadr.
akrplogs-maSr, xw. ploughman.
akr-rein, f. strip of arable land\
-skipti,n. division of afield \ -skurtSr,
m. reaping.
akrskurSar-mat5r, m. reaper.
akr-8ura, f. field-sorrel ; -tiund, f.
tithe paid on arable land\ -vertS, n.
price of a corn-field \ -verk, field-
work, harvest-work.
akrverks-maSr, m. husbandtnan j
tiller of the ground.
akta (at5), v. (i) to number^ tax,
value (a. folkit, a. visaeyri konungs) ;
(2) to examine., search into (aktid per
ok oil leyni J)au, er hann md felast) ;
(3) to devote attention to, to study
(a. ymisligar ijirottir, bokligar listir) ;
(4) to procure (a. pa hluti er hinum
sjuka henta) ; a. e-t inn, to furnish,
supply ; {^)to debate, discuss in parlia-
vient (mi sem petta var aktat, gengu
menn til logrettu).
ak-tamr, a. tajne under the yoke
(griSungr -tamr) ; -taumr, m. esp. in
pi. aktaumar, braces {straps) of a sail
(cf. aka segli) ; |>6rarinn haf3i -taum-
ana um herSar sdr, had the braces
round his shoulders; sitja i -taumum,
to tnanage the sail; fig., to have the
whole management of a thing.
ala (el, 61, olum, alinn), v. (i) to
beget ; born olu pau, they begat chil-
dren ; born pau, er hann elr vi6 peirri
konu, begets by that woman ; {2) to
bear, give birth to (f^ora 61 barn um
sumarit) ; born pau oil, er alin eru
fyrir jol, who are born before Christ-
mas ; alnir ok ualnir (= ubornir), born
and unborn, present and future gene-
rations ; iz) lo bring up (children) ;
ala skal bam hvert er borit verSr,
every child that is born shall be
brought up ; adding the particle
'upp'; skal eigi upp ala, heldr ut
bera barn petta, this child shall not
be brought up, but be exposed to
perish; of animals, to rear, breed
(einn smdsauS, er hann 61 heima 1
husi sfnu) ; (4) to give food to, har-
bour, entertain (a. gest ok ganganda) ;
gud elr gesti, God pays for the guests ;
(5 ) fig. in various phrases ; a. aldr, a.
aldr sinn, to pass one's days ; a. sut,
to grieve, mourn ( = sy ta) ; a. dnn of
e-t or at e-u, to take care of, see to ;
a. e-t Q^iit e-m, to give one encourage-
ment in a thing (61 hann eptir engum
monnum odaSir) ; a. i. vniX, to press or
urge a matter (mi elr Gunnarr d mdlit
vis |»6r5 ok segir).
alaSs-festr, f. the last ounce (eyrir)
of the sum * fjorbaugr ' to be paid by
a convict in the Court of Execution.
al-aut5n, f. total devastation ; -au^r,
a. altogether waste ; -bata, a. indecl.
co77ipletely cured, quite well; -berr,
a. (i) quite bare, stark-naked; (2)
mafiifest; -bitinn, pp. bitten all over;
-bjartr, a. quite bright, brilliant;
-blindr, a. stone-blind; -blotSugr, a.
bloody all over ; -breitSr, a. of the full
breadth (albreitt lerept) ; -brotinn, pp.
quite broken, shattered; -brynjaor,
pp. cased in mail; -bua (see bua), v.
to fit out, furnish or equip completely
(albiia kirkju) ; -buinn, pp. (i) com-
pletely equipped (ok er Bjorn var
albiiinn ok byrr rann d) ; (2) albiiinn
e-s, at gera e-t, quite ready {willing)
to do a thing; -bygSr, pp. com-
pletely inhabited; at albygfiu landi,
after the colonization was finished.
alda, f. a heavy {swelling) wave,
a roller.
alda, gen, pi. of ' old '.
aldafars-bok, f. = De Ratione Tem-
porum, a work by Bede (svd segir
heilagr Beda i -b6k peirri, er hann
gerSi um landaskipan i heiminum).
alda-mot, n. pi. the meeting of two
{lunar) cycles, change of cycles.
aldar, gen. sing, of ' old '.
aldar-e^li, n. everlasting possession
(at -edli) ; -fa^ir, xn.patriarch ; -far,
n. spirit or manners of the age ; -mdl,
n. tenure for life ; -menn, m. pi., hinir
fyrstu -menn vdrir, our first ancestors ;
-rof, n. end of ages ; -rog, n. strife of
men ; -tal, n. age fgamall at -tali) ;
-tryg^ir, f. pi. everlasting truce \
-J)opti, m. = aldavinr.
ALDA-SKIPTI
[8]
aij-g6br
alda-skipti, n. change oftijne ; -tal,
n. (i) chronology, (2) coinptitation of
time (by the various chronological
cycles).
al-dau^a, a. indecl. dead and gone,
extinct (eptir dau6a Haralds var
aldauSa hin forna aett Danakonunga) ;
aldauSa arfr, inheritance to which
there is no heir alive.
alda-vinr, m. old, trusty friend.
aldin, n. tree-frtiit (nuts, acorns,
apples) ; fig., blezat s^ a. kviSar J)ins,
the fruit of thy wo^nb.
aldin-berandi, pr, p. bearing fruit .
aldin-falda, a. indecl. wearing an
old-fashioned head-dress.
aldin-garSr, m. garden^ orchard.
aldini, n. = aldin.
aldin-lausB, a. bearing no fruit
(-laust tr^).
aldinn, a. old (inn aldni jotunn).
aldin-skogr, m. wood of fruit-trees ;
•^6, n. frtdt-tree ; -vicSr, m. fruit-
bearing trees.
aldr (gen. aldrs), m. (i) age, life-
time ; sautj^n vetra at aldri, seventeen
years of age ; ungr at 2A^x\, young ; d,
ungum aldri, in {one's) youth ; d gam-
als aldri, in (one's) old age ; hniginn
at aldri, in the decline of life ; hnig-
inn d efra aldr, stricken in years ; d
Idttasta aldri, iti the prime of life ;
lifa langan aldr, to enjoy a long life ;
nema, rasna e-n aldri, to take one's
life\ tyna (slita) aldri, to lose one's
life ; (2) old age ; vera vi5 a., to be up
in years ; aldri farinn or orpinn, "very
old\ (3) long period, age (eptir marga
vetr ok mikinn a.) ; allan a. through
all time, always ; of a., um a. (ok asfi),
for ever and ever ; after a negation,
ever (t)vilika gersemi hofum ver eigi
set um a.) ; hverr um a. var svd djarfr,
who ever was so bold f
aldrat5r, a. elderly (oldruS kona).
aldr-dagar, m. pi., um -daga, for
ever and ever ( = um aldr) ; -fremd,
f. everlastifjg honour.
aldri, adv. (i) never (a, skal ek
heSan ganga fyrr en hann riss upp) ;
(2) ever, after a preceding negative or
a comparative (er mi 0rva2nt at ver
munum a. ii. dyr skotit) ; gerSu \ii.
verra en aldri fyrr, worse than ever
before.
aldrigi (aldri-gi, dat. of aldr with
the negative suffix -gi), adv.= aldri.
aldr-lag, n. (i) otie's appointed lot
or fortune, destiny ; (2) end of life,
death ; verSa e-m at -lagi, to bring one
to his end.
aldr-lok, n. pi. end of life, death ;
-mali, m. tenure for life; -nari, m.
poet, name of fire ; -ninar, f. pi.
Iife-ru7ies, charms for preserving life ;
-sattr, a. on terms of peace for ever ;
-slit, n. pi. end of life, death (til -slita).
aldrs-munr, m. difference in years.
aldr-stamr, a._/kj, doomed to n'eath ;
-till, m. loss of life, death ; -tjon, n.
loss of life ; -tregi, m. life-long sor-
row.
ald-roenn, a. elderly, aged.
aldyggiligr, -dyggr, a. faithful',
-dfiBli, a. very easy to deal with, gentle.
aleiga, f. one's entire property; al-
eigu-mal, n., -sok, f. a suit itivolving
a person's whole property.
al-eySa (-dda, -ddr), v. to lay totally
waste, devastate ; -eyc5a, f. devasta-
tion ; gera aleySu, to turti into a wil-
derness ; -ey5a, a. indecl. altogether
waste, empty, void of people 1 J)Ar var
aleySa at monnum) ; hann brennir ok
gerir aleySa landit, makes the land an
utter waste.
al-fari, a.fara (ri6a 1 brott) al-fari, to
go away (ride off) for good ; -farinn,
pp. worn out, far gone ; -feginn, a.
very glad', •fv]k\s,?L.quite free \ -froSr,
a. ve?y wise ; -fullr, a. guit.^ full ;
-fuinn, a. quite rotten ; -fot^r, m.
father of all (name of Odin) ; -gangsa,
a. indecl. quite com7non ; -geldr, a.
quite gel fed; -gera (-t5a, -t5r), v. to
finish, make perfect.
alger-leikr, m. perfection ; -liga,
adv. cof?ipletely, fully ; -ligleikr, m.
= -leikr.
al-gerr, a. perfect, complete ; finish-
ed; -gervi, f. (i) perfection ; (2) full
attire ; -gildi, n. full value.
algildis-vitni, n. competent witness.
al-gjafta, a. indecl. stall-fed ; -gley-
mingr, m. great glee ; sll d algleym-
ing, to beco77ie ve7y t7ierry ; -goSr, a.
AL-GRAR
[9J
ALL-GAMALL
perfectly good', -grar, a. quite grey ;
-groinn, T^'p. perfectly healed \ -groenn,
a. quite green ; -gullinn, a. all-golden ;
-gaeft, 2idy. fully.
al-g0ra— al-gprvi, see algera, &c.
al-heiSinn, a. utterly heathen ; -hei-
lagr, a. all-holy \ -heill, a. (l) com-
pletely whole, entire ; (2) perfectly
healthy (alheill at likam) ; -heilsa, f.
perfect health ; -henda, f. a inetre
having two pairs of rhyming words
in every line ; -hending, f.= -henda ;
-hendr, a. with full rhyme in every
line (tvau kvasSi alhend) ; -hreinn, a.
quite pure, clean ; -huga, a. indecl.
whole-hearted, in full earnest ; -hugat,
pp. n. resolved, fully determined-, ef
|)er er |)at alhugat, if you are in real
earnest ; adv. in earnest, sincerely
(iSrast alhugat); -hugi, m. earnest',
l)etta er alhugi minn, / am in real
earnest ; -hugligr, a. sincere ; -hung-
racSr, a. starving, famished ; -husa
(atS), V. to build fully ; -hvitr, a. quite
white ; -hysa (-ta, -tr), v. = -husa ;
alhyst,w///^ all the buildings finished;
-hysi, n. all the farm-buildiiigs ;
-hcBgr, a. quite easy, smooth (alhcEgt
tungubragS).
ali-bjorn, m. tame bear ; -dyr, n. do-
mestic animal ; -fiskr, m. fish fattened
in a pond ; -fugl, m. tatnefowl ; -gas,
f. tame goose.
alin (gen. sing, alnar or alnar ; pi.
alnar or alnir), f. = oln ; (i) the old
Icelandic ell (about half a yard) ; (2)
unit of value, an ell of w^ 'ollen stuff [ a.
va6mdls^, = onesixthofanounce(eyrir).
ali-sau^r, m. ho7ne-fed {pet) sheep ;
-svin, n. tame swine.
al-jatn, a. quite equal; -jarnaSr,
pp. shod on all four feet ; -keyptr, pp.
dearly bought, = fullkeyptr ; -klasS-
naSr, m. a full suit of clothes ; -krist-
inn, a. entirely Christian ; -kri&t-
naSr, pp. completely christia^iized;
-kunna, a. indecl. (i) universally
known, notorious (sem alkunna er
or6it); {2) fully informed; unz al-
kunna, until I know the whole ;
-kunnigr, a., -kunnr, a. notorious ;
-kyrra, a. indecl. completely calm,
tranquil.
all- may be prefixed to almost every
adjective and adverb in an intensive
sense, very, extremely ; -annt, a. n.
very eager ; -apr, a. ve7y harsh ; -autS-
sottligr, a. very easy to accimiplish ;
-auSveldliga, adv. very easily ; -auS-
veldr, a. ve^y easy ; -agaetr, a. very
famoits ; -dhyggjusamliga, adv. very
anxiojisly ; -akafliga, adv. with much
ardour; -akaff-, adv. very fast (ri3a
-dkaft) ; -arsB^iliga, adv. very appo-
sitely ; -arsBSislitill, a. very timid ;
-astut^ligr, a. very hearty, intimate ;
-beinn, a. very hospitable ; -beiskr,
a. very harsh, bitter; -bitr, a. ve7y
sharp ; -bjartr, a. very bright, splen-
did; -bjugr, a. very much bent;
-blit5liga, adv. very kindly ; -bliSr,
a. very mild, ge?itle; -brdSgorr, a.
very precocious; -bro3ligr, a. very
laughable, funny ; -digr, a. 7'ery big;
-djarfliga, adv. very boldly ; -dreng-
iliga, adv. very gallantly ; -draemt,
adv. very boastfully ; -dyrr, a. very
dear; -eigulegr, a. very precious;
-einarSliga, adv. very frankly, sin-
cerely ; -eldiligr, a., of a very aged
appearance ; -fagr, a. very bright,
fair; -fast, adv. 'z/<?ryyfr?;//y ; drekka
-fast, to dj'ink very hard; -f aster Sr,
a. very true to one's word ; -famaligr,
a. of very few words ; -famennr, a.
followed or attended by very few per-
sons ; -fdraetSinn, a. very chary of
words ; -feginn, a. very glad ; -fegin-
samliga. adv. very gladly ; -feigligr,
a. having the mark of death plain on
Ofte's face ; -feitr, a. very fat ; -f6-
mikill, a. very costly; -:Qarri, adv.
very far, far from ; -fjartekil-, pp. n.
very far-fetched \ -f j ^Ikunnigr, a.
very deeply versed in sorcery ; -fjol-
mennr, a. followed or attended by
very many people ; in very great num-
bers; -fjolroett, pp. n. very jnuch
talked of; -forsjall, a. very prudent;
-frekr, a. vety during; -fri!5r, a. very
beautiful; -froSr, a. very learned;
-frsBgr, a. very famous ; -fuss, a. very
eager ; -fysiligr, a. very desirable.
All-foSr, v^. father of all (a name of
Odin).
all-gamall, a. very old ; -gemsmik-
ALL-GERLA
[10]
AliLB
ill, a. very wanton ; -geria, adv.
very clearly, precisely \ -gerviligr,
a. very manly, -geatrisinn, a. very
hospitable', -geysiligr, a. very im-
petuous; -glaSliga, adv. very joy-
fully ; -glaSr, a. very joyful ; -glatt,
adv. very bright (Ijos brann -glatt) ;
-gleymr, a. very gleeful, in high
spirits (ver6a -gleymr vi3 e-t) ; -glsBS-
iligr, a. very shiny, splendid ; -gl0gg-
ssBr, a. clearly visible, very trans-
parent ; -gl0ggt, adv. very precisely
(vita e-t -gl0ggt) ; -goSr, a. very good ;
-g65v8Bnliga, adv. very promisingly ;
-grimmr, a. very cruel or fierce ;
-grunsamliga, adv. very suspiciously,
-g0rla, adv. = -gerla; -g0rviligr, a.
= -gerviligr ; -hartSr, a. very hard,
stern ; -heimskr, a. very silly, stupid \
-herSimikill, a. very broad-shoul-
dered; -hjaldrjugr, 2k. very talkative ;
-hogliga, adv. very gently ; -hraustr,
a, very valiaftt ; -hrumliga, adv. very
infirmly (from age) ; -hraeddr, a. very
77iuch cifraid ; -hraB^inn, a. very timid ;
-hugsjukr, a. very much grieved,
anxious; -hvass, a. blowifig very
hard (var -hvast i. norSan) ; -hyggi-
ligr, Vi.very prudent, judicious; -hfietS-
iligr, a. very scoffing; -haBldreginn,
a. very slow in walking, dragging
the heels; -hoegliga, adv. gently,
jneekly (svara -hoegliga) ; -iSinn, a.
very diligent ; -ilia, adv. very badly ;
-illr, a. very bad; -jafhlyndr, a. very
calm, even-tempered.
al-lj6ss, a. (i) quite light; dagr al-
Ijoss, broad daylight; (2) quite clear.
all-kaldr, a, very cold; -kappsam-
liga, adv. with very much zeal, very
liberally ; -karlmannliga, adv. very
manfully ; -kaupmannliga, adv. in
a very businesslike way ; -katligr, a.
very fu?iny ; -kdtr, a. very merty ;
-kerskiligr, a. very funny, pleasant ;
"kynligr, a. very strange ; -kaerr, a.
very dear, beloved; -langr, a. vefy
long; -laust, adv. very loosely ; -lagr,
a. very low, short of stature; -16tt-
brunn, a. of very cheerful countenance ;
-16ttm8Blt, pp. n. 7'ery cheerfully
spoken ; -16ttr, a. very light (in weight) ;
-likliga, adv. in very agreeable terms ;
-likligr, a. very likely ; -likr, a. very
like ; -litill, a. very little ; -lyginn, a.
much given to lying; -mannhaettr,
a. very dangerous; -mannskoetSr, a.
very murderotis; -mannvaenn, a. (a
man) of very great promise ; -marg-
liga, adv. very affably ; -margmaBltr,
a. very talkative ; -margr, a. very
numerous ; pl. allmargir, very tnany ;
-raargroett, pp. n. very much spoken
of; -mdlugr, a. very loquacious;
-mattfarinn, a. very much worn out ;
-mattlitill, a. very weak ; -megin-
lauss, a. very void of strength \
-mikill, a. very great ; -misjafnt, adv.
very variously, in very diffierent ways;
-Ijoss, a. very light; -mjor, a. very
slim, slender; -mjok, adv. very inuch ;
-naut^igr, a. very reluctant ; -nauSu-
liga, adv. very dangerously (-nauSu-
liga staddr) ; -ndinn, a. very near,
nearly related ; -nsBr, adv. very near ;
-naerri, adv. = -nasr.
al-loSinn, a. shaggy all over ; -lokit,
pp. n. entirely gone.
all-opt, adv. very often ; -ort5fdtt,
a. n., gera allorSfdtt urn, to be very
chary of words as to ; -ogurligr, a.
very frightful.
allr (oil, allt), a. (l) all, entire,
whole ; hon d, allan arf eptir mik, she
has all the heritage after me ; af ollum
hug, with all [one's) heart; hvitr a.,
white all over ; bu allt, the whole
estate; allan daginn, the whole day;
i allri verold, in the whole world;
allan hdlfan minu6, for the entire
fortnight; with addition of 'saman';
allt saman feit, the whole amount-.
urn jDenna herna6 allan saman, all
together; (2) used almost adverbially,
all, quite, entirely ; klofnadi hann a.
1 sundr,^ he was all cloven asunder ,
kvddu Orn allan villast, that he was
altogether bewildered; var Hrappr
a. brottu, quite gone; a. annarr maSr,
quite another tnan ; (3) gone, past ;
d3r J)essi dagr er a, before this day
is past ; var pd oil |3eirra vindtta, their
friendship was all over; allt er nu
mitt megin, 7fiy strength is exhausted^
gone ; (4) departed, dead (J)d er Geir-
mundr var a.) ; (5) neut. sing, (allt)
ALLR
[11]
ALL-STORR
used as a subst. in the sense of all,
everything-^ eigi er enn Jjeirra allt,
they have not yet altogether won the
game ; f)d var allt {all, everybody)
vi6 pd hraett ; h^r er skammastt allt,
here eve?ythi7ig is transient) J)vi
ollu, with a compar. all the more
(J)vi ollu t^ungbagrri) ; with gen., allt
missera ( = 611 misseri), all the year
rou7id\ allt annars, all the rest; at
ollu annars, in all other respects ; alls
{yrs\., first of all \ alls mest, most of
all; in adverbial phrases : at ollu, in
all respects, in every way ; f ollu, in
everything; me6 ollu, wholly, quite;
neita me6 ollu, to refuse outright;
(6) pi. allir (allar, oil), as adj. or sub-
stantively, all (J)eir gengu ut allir) ;
or ollum fjorSungum d landinu, from
all the quarters of the lafid', allir
a6rir, all others, every one else ; flestir
allir, nearly all, the greatest part of;
gen. pi. (allra) as an intensive with
superlatives, of all things, all the
more ; nii t)ykkir mer pat allra synst,
er, all the more likely, as ; allra helzt,
er J)eir heyra, particularly now when
they hear ; allra sizt, least of all.
allraheilagra-messa, f., -messu-
dagr, m. Allhallow-mass, All Saints'
day.
all-rammskipa^r, pp. very strongly
manned; -raucSr, a. very red; -ra6-
ligr, a. very advisable ; -reiSiligr, a.
looking very angry ; -rei^r, a. very
angry ; -rikmannligr, a. very grand,
mag7i2ficent ; -rikr, a. very powerful ;
-roskliga, adv. very briskly.
alls, gen. sing, of ' allr ', used as an
adv.; (i) a. ekki (eigi), 7iot at all, by
no means; J)eir ug6u a. ekki at ser,
they were not a bit afraid; a. engi,
no one at all ; sometimes without a
negative following it, quite, altogether;
ser a. geldar, ewes quite barren ; a.
vesall, altogether wretched ; hann var
eigi a. tvitugr, not quite twenty years
old; (2) in connexion with numbers,
in all; alls forust niu menn, there
perished nine in all; (3) altogether,
far ; alls of lengi, alls til lengi, far
too long a time.
alls, conj. as, since (a. t)u ert goSr
drengr kalladr) ; with addition of ' er '
(a. er bij ert svd brdhaldr d binu
mdh).
all-sannligr, a. very likely; -satt-
fuss, a. very placable ; -seinn, a. very
slow ; -seint, adv. very slowly.
alls-endis, adv., esp. with a preced-
ing negative, in every respect, quite,
thoroughly ; also, til -endis ; -hattar,
adv. of every kind.
allsherjar-,^^«<?;v2/, public, common ;
-bu5, f. the booth of the -go3i ; -domr,
m. public judgement ; -f6, n. public
property; -goSi, m. the stipreme
priest (who opened the alj)ingi every
year) ; -lic5, n. ptiblic troops ; -lySr,
m. the people, commonalty ; -log, n.
pi. public law; -I)ing, n. general
assembly.
all-sigrssBll, a. very successful in
war; -aka,Jiijn.r, £i. very short ; neut.,
-skammt, a very short way, short dis-
tance ; -skommu, a very short time
ago ; -skapliga, adv. very fittingly ;
-skapvserr, 2l. of a very gentle dis-
position ; -skapl)ungr, a. very de-
pressed in spirit (e-m er -skappungt) ;
-skemtiligr, a. very a?nusing; -skil-
litill, a. very untrustworthy \ -skjall-
kcBnliga, adv. in a very coaxing way ;
-skjott, adv. very soo?i ; -skygn, a.
very sharp- sighted; -skyldr, a. (i)
very obligatory, neut., -skylt, bounden
duty; (2) very nearly related, near
akin ; -skynsamliga, adv. ve?y ju-
diciously ; -skoruligr, a. very striking
or magnificefit (allskorulig veizla) ;
-slsBliga, adv. very sluggishly ; -aloeg-
liga, adv. very cunningly ; -smar,
a. very small; -snarpliga, adv. very
sharply or smartly ; -snarpr, a. very
sharp ; -snemma, adv. very early ;
-snjallr, a. very shrewd or clever;
-spakr, a. very gentle, very wise ;
-starsynn, a. looking fixedly upon ;
-sterkligr, a. very strong-looking;
-sterkr, a. very strong; -stilliliga,
adv. very calmly, very composedly;
-stirSr, a. very stifi; -storhcggr, a.
dealing very hard blows ; -storliga,
adv. very haughtily ; -stormannliga,
adv. very munificently; -storoiSr,
a. using very big words ; -storr, a.
ALL-STYQaB
[12]
ALIi-l»ARFIiIGA
very great or big ; -styggr, a. very
ill-humoured ^ very cross ; -styrkliga,
adv. very stoutly \ -styrkr, a. very
strong.
alls-valdandi, pr. p. of God, Al-
mighty ; -valdari, m. almighty ruler ;
-valdr, a. = -valdandi ; -vesall, a.
utterly wi'etched.
all-svangr, a. very hungry.
adv.
very wisely
all-svinnliga
prudently.
alls-voldugr, a. = alls- valdr.
all-ssettfuss, a. very placable, very
eager for peace.
all-soerailigr, a. very honotirable.
allt, neut. from * allr* ; (i) right up
to, all the way \ Brynj61fr gengr a. at
honum, close up to him ; a. norSr um
Sta.6, all the way north, round Cape
Stai\ {7.) everywhere; SigroSrvarkon-
ungr a. um {rsendalog, over all Dront-
heim ; voru svirar a. guUi bunir, all
overlaid with gold \ {2,) already \ voru
a. komin fyrir hann bref, warrants of
arrest were already awaiting hiin ;
(4) of time, all through, until (a. til
Jonsvoku) ; (5) a. til, a. oi^far too (J)u
ert a. of heimskr) ; (6) a. at einu, a.
eins, all the same, nevertheless (ek
aetla 1)6 utan a, eins).
all-tillatsamr, a. very indulgent;
-tit5rcBtt, pp. n. very 7nuch talked
of; -ti($virkr, a. very quick at work ;
-torfyndr, a. very hard to find', -tor-
fcert, a. n. very hard to pass ; -tor-
sottr, pp. very difficult to reach ;
-tortryggiliga, adv. very suspicious-
ly ; -trauSr, a. very slow, unwilling',
-tregr, a. very tardy ; -trur, a. very
true ; -tryggr, a. very trusty ; -und-
arligr, a. very strange', -ungr, a.
very young ; -libeinskeytr, a. shoot-
ing very badly ; -ublitSr, a. very
harsh, unkind ; -ubragSligr, a. very
ill-looking ; -udaBll, a. very ujttracta-
ble ; -ufagr, a. -^ery ugly ; -ufimliga,
adv. very awkwardly ; -uframliga,
adv. very timidly ; -ufrynn, a very
sullen ; -ufreBgr, a. very inglorious ;
-uglaSr, di.very gloomy, sad ; -uhoegr,
a. ^'<?ry difficult] -uh6f(5ingligr, a.
very plebeian ; -likdtr, a. in very low
spirits ; -ukndr, a. -z/i^ry a/^rt>^ <?/"
frame; -ukonungligr, a. ■z/<fr)/ ««-
kingly, -ukunnigr, a. ^«//<f unknown\
-ulifLigr, a. very unlikely to live ;
-ulikliga, adv. very unlikely ; -ulikr,
a. -z/^rj/ unlike ; -umattuliga, adv. 7/^ry
weakly ; -urdt^inn, a. T/^fry ufidecided ;
-urat5liga, adv. ^'(?;J unadvisedly or
rashly ; -usannligr, a. T/^ry unjust,
very unlikely ; -usattfuss, a. z/^ry //«-
placable ; -uskyldr, 2l. far from being
incumbe7it on one (hitt astla ek mer
-uskylt) ; -uspakr, a. very unruly ;
-usvdss, a. 7/^ry uncomfortable (var
J)d. veflr -usvdst) ; -usynn, a. 7'(?ry /^«-
certain, very doubtftd', -lisaeligr, a. of
very wretched appearance', -uvinssBll,
a. very unpopular ; -uvisliga, adv.
very unwisely ; -uvasnligr, a. of very
unfivoia-able prospect ; -uvsenn, a.
(l) 7/^rK z<^^/y ; (2) T/^r^ unpromising
or uffavourable ; neut., -uvsent, •27^;2K
unfavourably ; -u)?arfr, a. -z^^^ry ««-
profitable, injurious (e-m).
all-valdr, m. sovereign, king (heilii
all-valdar M6ir !).
allvalds-konungr, m. = all valdr.
all-vandlatr, a. very difficult to
please ; -vandliga, adv. very care-
fully, exactly ; -vant, a. n., e-m er
-vant um, ofte is in a very great
strait ; -varfoerr, a. very catitious,
careful', -vaskr, a. very brisk or
gallant; -veSrlitit, a. n. very calm ;
-vegliga, adv. splendidly, nobly ;
-vegligr, a. very grand; -vel, adv.
very well ; -vesall, a. vejy miserable,
vile ; -vingott, a. n. o?t very friendly
terms (var -vingott me6 peim) ; -vin-
ssell, a. very popular ; -virSuligr, a.
very worthy, dignified; -vitr, a. very
wise ; -vitrliga, adv. very prudently ;
-vitSa, adv. very widely ; -vigliga,
adv. in a very warlike manner ; -vig-
mannliga, adv. very martially ; -vig-
m6t5r, a. quite wearied out with
fighting ; -viss, a. quite certain ;
-vsBnligr, a. , -vaBnn, a. vejy profnis-
ing', Jjykkja -vasnt um e-n, to be de-
lighted with one; -vsent, adv. very
favourably (konungr tok l)essu -vsent) ;
-vorpuligr, a. of a very stately fra7ne'y
-voxtuligr, a. very tall ; -parfliga,
adv. very pressingly ; biQja -parfliga,
ALL-f>ETTR
[13]
ALTAIMS-B6K
to beg very hard; -l)6ttr, a. very
crowded \ -J)rekligr, 2l. of a very
robust frame ; -l)ungliga, adv. very
heavily ; taka -t)ungliga a e-m, to be
very hard upon ; -J)ungr, a. ( i ) very
disagreeable, hard\ (2) hostile, badly
disposed towards (til e-s) ; -Jjykkr,
a. very thick ; fellu fieir -J)ykkt, in
great numbers ; -oefr, a. very furious ;
-oegiligr, a. very terrible ; -CBstr, pp.
greatly excited ; -ororSr, a. 7/(?r/
frank, outspoken', -0ruggr, a. -z/^fry
tmfi inching.
alinanna-byg(5, f. a well-peopled
district ; -foeri, n. public way ; -leitJ,
f. public road ; -lof, n. universal
praise ; -skript, f . general confession ;
-stofa, f. /y^<? common hall, opp. to
' litla stofa'; -tal, n. (i) co7nmon
reckoning (at -tali) ; (2) general cen-
sus; -vegr, m. high r^(Z^, = J)j66vegr,
pjoSleiS.
al-mattigr, a. almighty ; -mdttr, m.
almightiness, o??mipotence ; -menni,
n. M^ people, puolic; -menniliga,
adv. generally, cojnmonly, -menni-
ligr, 2i. gefieral, comjnon.
almenning, f., almenningr, m. (i)
cojfimon lajid ', (2) co77imon ox public
pasture; (3) public thoroughfare (in
Norse towns) ; (4) the people, public
in general ; ( 5 ) levy, conscriptio7i ;
fulir (allr), hdlfr almenningr, a full
{co77iplete) or half levy of men and
ships.
airaennings-br6f, n. procla77iation ;
-drykkja, f. public banquet ; -far, n.
public fe7'ry ; -gata, f. public road ;
-glofar, m. pi. co 771771071 gloves ; -bus,
n. a house for the use of travellers ;
-mork, f., -skogr, m. public forest ;
-straeti, n. public thoroughfare ; -tollr,
m. public tax; -tru, f. catholic faith
( = almennilig tru); -vegr, ra. public
way ; -61, n. co77i7non ale.
almennr, a. co77i77ion^ ge7teral,
public.
al-mugi, m. the co7n7no7ts, co77i7non
people (konungrinn ok almiiginn) ;
-mugr, m. = al-mugi ; -mseli, n. (1)
co77i77ion sayi7ig^ ge7ieral rep07t ; pat
er almasli, at, all people say {agree),
that; (2) sayi7ig,prove7-b; J)6tt almaslit
sannafiist, at moSurbroeSrum verSi
menn likastir, though the saying
proved true, that ; -masltr, pp.
spoken by all; -maelt tiSindi, co77i77ioti
news ; (2) of a child that has learnt to
talk; -maBtti, n. = almattr.
al-naktr, a. quite naked.
alua-inal, n. 77ieasure by the ell
(see alin).
al-nyr, a. quite fiew ; -noktr, a.
= alnaktr.
al-ogat, a., -ogi, m., -ogligr, a.,
see -hugat, -hugi, -hugligr.
air (-S, -ir), m. a7vl; skjalfa J)6tti
husit, sem i. als oddi leki, as if it were
balanced on the point of a7i awl,
al-rau5r, a. quite red ; -ra5inn, pp.
quite deter77iined ; -rann, a. utterly
piunde7^ed ; -reyndr, i^"^. fully proved.
alri, m. elder tree, see elri.
al-roskinn, a. quite grown up ;
-rotinn, a. quite rotten ; -rcemdr, pp.
ru77ioured by all ; alroemt er, every one
says ; -sagcSr, pp. spoken of by all ;
-satt, f., als^ttum sittir, co77ipletely
reconciled ; -sattr, a. fully reconciled ;
-sekr, a. an outlaw in the greater de-
gree =sk6g?irn\^6::; -sitSa, a. indecl., er
Kristni var 7Ji\s\63.,whe7t the Christian
faith had beco77ie u?iiversal ; -skip-
atSr, pp. (l) of a s\{\\i, fully 7na7ined;
(2) of a bench, quite full; -skjaldaSr,
a. closely set with shields ; -skrif-
aSr, pp. written all over; -skygn,
2l. fully seei7ig; -skyldr, a. (l) quite
bound in duty, obliged; (2) quite
binding; -slitinn, pp. quite worn
out ; -slikr, a. quite the satne ; -smitS-
a6r, pp. co77ipletely built ; -snau(5r,
a. very poor ; -snotr, a., -spakr, a.
all-wise, very clever ; -styfSr, pp.
(a metre) i7i 77iasculine 7-hy77ies ; -styf-
ingr, m. an a7ii7nal with close-cropped
^arj- (= afeyringr) ; -svartr, a. quite
black; -sveittr, a., -sveitugr, a.
perspiri7ig all over ; -sviSr, -svinnr,
a. all-wise ; -sykn, a. altogether free
Qx guiltless {2\-^y\xi saka) ; -sykna, f.
co77iplete rehabilitation; -aasll, a.
altogether happy ; -saett, f., -ssBtti, n.
co77iplete reconciliation.
altari, n. and m. altar.
altaris-blaeja, f. altar-cloth ; -bok,
AliTARIS-BRIK
[14]
AMBAN
f. altar-book ; -brik, f. altar-piece ;
-bunat$r, m. altar-furniture ; -dagr,
m. anniversary of the consecration
of an altar ; -dukr, m. altar-cloth ;
-embsBtti, n. service of the altar ;
-fom, f. offering on the altar ; -golf,
n. the floor round an altar \ -horn,
n. corner of an altar ; -hus, n. chapel \
-klaeSi, n. altar-cloth ; -likneski, n.
image placed on ajt altar ; -messa, f.
7?iass at an altar ; -staSr, m. the place
where an altar stands ; -steinn,
m. altar-slab \ -stika, f. candlestick
for an altar ; -jDJonusta, f. altar-
service,
al-tjaldaSr, pp. hung all round with
tapestry ; -ugat, a. = alhugat.
al-uS, f. (older form olu5) affection^
sincerity.
alu5ar-ma(5r, m., -vinr, m. sincere
or devoted friend.
al-valdr, a. = allvaldr.
alvara, f. (i) seriousness^ earnest ;
taka e-t fyrir alvoru, to take it in
earnest', vissa ek eigi, at J)6r var a.,
that you were in earnest ; (2) affection
= aluQ ; er oil bans a. (inclination)
til Olafs konungs.
alvar-liga, adv. (i) seriously, ear-
nestly ; (2) heartily (fagna e-m -liga) ;
(3) entirely (-liga hreinn) ; -ligr, a.
hearty, affectionate (-lig vindtta).
al-vaskligr, a. tnost valiant, martial;
-vaxinn, pp. quite grown up ; -vdp-
naSr, pp. itt full armour ; -vdtr, a.
thoroughly wet, wet through ; al- verki
and -verkja, a. indecl. aching^ feeling
pains all over the body,
al-virkr, a., alvirkr dagr, a full
working day ; -vist, adv. with full
certainty ; -vitr, a. all-wise ; -veepni,
n. complete arms ; hafa alvaepni, med
alva2pni, {to be) fully armed.
alvoru-liga, adv. earnestly, sin-
cerely ; -ligr, a. = alvarligr ; -sam-
liga, adv. = -liga ; -samligr, a. sin-
cere, devoted (-samlig t)j6nusta).
al-yrkr, a. = alvirkr (dagr) ; -{jakinn,
pp. thatched all over', -J)iljatSr, pp.
completely wainscotted or panelled.
alj^ingi, n. the annual parliament
or general assembly of the Icelandic
Commonwealth (held in June).
al-l)ingis, adv. quite, altogether
(=611ungis).
all)ingis-d6nir, m. court of justice
at the alt)ingi ; -far, f. journey to the
a.; -helgun, f. inauguration of the a.;
-lof, n. permission, leave, given by
the a. ; -mdl, n. parliamentary rules
or proceedings ; -nefna, f. tiomination
of judges to the courts of the a.; -rei5,
f. journey to the a. ; -satt, f. agreement
entered into at the a.; -sdttarhald, n.
the keeping ^alj)ingissd.tt.
al-JjjoS, f. people in general (alt)j63
manna).
al-{)ykkr, a. quite thick, foggy (veSr
alpykkt).
al-l)y5a f. (l) the whole people (bau5
hann alpySu rikis sins at gofga lik-
neskjuna); (2) people in general, the
majority or bulk of the people (var
pat heit J)d fest ok jdtat af allri alJjySu) ;
vera litt vi6 alj)y6u skap, to be un-
popular', (3) the common people
(dnauQ ok ufrelsi gekk yfir folk allt,
basdi rika menn ok alj)y6u).
al-J)y5ast (dd), v. refl., alj)^6ast
til e-s, to incline towards, attach one-
self to ; -t)ySi, n.=-{)y5a.
alt)ySis-f61k, n. the cofmnon people.
alJjySligr, a. common, ge?ieral ', -ligr
ma6r=mennskr ma3r,tj common man;
1 -ligri rceSu, in ordinary speech ; hitt
vaeri -ligra, more plain.
al{)y(5u-drykkja, f. common ban-
quet; -leit5, f. high-road ( = almanna-
lei5) ; -lof, n. general praise, popu-
larity ; -mal, n. general report ; -tal,
n. common reckoning, opp. to ' rimtal' ;
-vapn, n. ordinary weapon ; -vegr,
m. = -lei3 ; -vir?5ing, {.public opinion;
-vitni, n. universal testi7Jtony ; -t)y8S,
m. general tumttlt.
al-J)aegr, a. quite acceptable or pleas-
ing (to one) ; -cestr, pp. quite excited,
stirred up.
ama (a5), v. to vex, molest; refl.,
amast vi6 e-n, e-t, to incofivenience,
trouble (omuSust liSsmenn litt vi6
hana) ; to object to, disapprove, show
dislike to (a. vi6 byg^ e-s).
amalera (atS), v. to enatnel (for-
eign word).
amban, f. (Norse) = ombun.
ambItt
[15]
AND-SPILIiI
ambdtt, f. (i) bondwoman'^ (2) coti'
£ubi?ie.
ambatta-fang, n. titssle between
bondivovien.
ambdttar-barn, n., -dottir, f. child,
datighter of a bondwoman ; -ligr, a.
vile, like an ambdtt ; -mot, n. ex-
pression {mien) of a bondwoman (er
eigi -mot d henni) ; -sonr, m. so7t of
a bondwoman.
ambo5, n. = andbo6, annboS.
amma, i. gra7idmother (fodur-moQir,
moSur-moOir).
ampli, m., ampull, m. jug (am-
pulla).
amra (ao), v. to howl or yell
piteously (of cats).
an, conj. tha^i (an old form for ' en *).
and-, a prefix denoting whatever is
opposite, against, towards, and fig.
hostile, adverse ; often spelt an- or
ann-.
anda(aS), V. to breathe, live (meSan
I)eir megu a.) ; refl., andast, to breathe
one's last, die ; andaSr, pp. dead', hun
var y^k ondu6, had breathed her last.
anda-gift, f. inspiration ; -kast, n.
breathing', -lausa, a. without breath-
ing (lifa -lauss) ; -liga, adv. spiritu-
ally ; -ligr, a. spiritual (-lig foeSa).
andar-, gen. from ' ond ' ; -auga, n.
spiritual eye', -dauSi, m. spirit^ial
death ; -drattr, m. breath, respiration.
andar-egg, n. duck's egg', -fygli, n.
ducks.
andar-gjof, f. = -gift ; -gustr, m.
breath of wind ; -heilsa, f . spiritual
welfare', -kraptr, m. strength of
mind', -T\xica.,Ti. breathing time', -sdr,
n. mental wound.
andar-steggi, -steggr, m. drake.
andar-syn, f. vision ; -tak, n. breath ;
-vani, -vanr, a. bi-eathless, lifeless.
and-blasinn, pp. blown up, inflated
with wind or air.
and-boS, n. utensil ( = annbo3).
and-dyri, n., -dyrr, f. ^\. porch.
and-fang, n. reception, hospitality.
and-faslur, f. \i\. fright-, vakna me6
-faelum, to awake in a fright.
and-fcBtingr, m. (i) a person whose
feet are turned backwards ; (2) pi.
and-foetingar. Antipodes.
and-hlaup, n. suffocation.
and-hvalr, m. bottle-nosed whale.
andi, m. (i) breath, breathing '^ a.
Ingimundar er ekki g63r, his breath
smells, is foul', (2) current of air (a.
handar l)innar) ; (3) gramm., aspira-
tion (linr, snarpr a.) ; (4) soul (gu6
skapaSi likamann ok andann) ; gjalda
gu6i sinn anda, to die ; (5) spirit,
spiritual being; uhreinn a.,a« unclean
spirit ; heilagr a., the Holy Ghost.
and-kostr, m. see annkostr.
and-lauss, a. breathless, lifeless,
and-lat, n. (i) death (J)d er J)u fregn
andldt mitt) ; (2) the last gasp ; J)d var
konungr na^r andldti, was almost
breathing his last.
andldts-dagr, m., -doegr, n. day of
death ; -sorg, f. grief for a death ;
-tiS, f, -timi, m. time of death.
and-liga, adv. spiritually ; -ligr, a.
spiritual (biskup hefir andligt vald til
andligra hluta).
andlit, n.face, countenance.
andlits-bjorg, f. visor', -bli?5a, f.
jnild expression of the countenance ;
-mein, n. cancer in the face ; -skepna,
f. form or make of the face ; -skop,
n. pi. = -skepna ; var vel -skopum, had
well formed features ; -vsBnn, 3.. fine-
featured', -voxtr, m. form of the
face, features.
and-marki, m., see annmarki.
and-malugr, a. contentious, quarrel-
some; -msBli, n. pi. contradiction,
objection.
and-nes, n. promontory, headland;
-orSa, a. indecl., at verSa andorSa, to
come to words with ; -of, n. paddling
with the oars, so as to keep a boat
from drifting (cf. andcefa).
and-rammr, a. having foul breath.
andrar, m. pi. snow-shoes.
andrjd, f. tunmlt, uproar.
and-rotSi, m. pulling against tide
and wind; Jjeir toku (dttu) mikinn
-r63a, they had a hard pull; -r6(5r
(-rs), m. = andr63i ; -saka (acSj, v. to
reprimand (hann -sakaSi sveinana
harSliga) ; -sakan, f. reprimand, re-
buke ; -skoti, m. (l) opponent^ adver-
sary ; (2) the devil, satan.
and-spilli, n. colloquy, discourse^
AND-SPJAIiL
[16]
ANKANNA-LAUST
and-spjall, n. (l) = andspilli ; (2) pi.
andspjoll, answery reply.
and-stefja (ac5), v. to respond, an-
swer \ -stefna (-da, -t), v. = -stefja ;
-streymi, n. adversity ; -streymr,
a. strongly adverse (-streym 0rl6g) ;
Sighvatr var heldr -streymr urn eptir-
mdlin, hard to come to terjns with ;
-stygS, f. disgust] e-m er -styg6 af
^-u^ one feels abhorrence for \ -stygg-
iligr, -styggr, a. abominable, odious ;
-svar, n. answer, reply, decision
(vera skjotr 1 -svorum) ; -svara (a(5),
V. (i) to answer (e-m) ; (2) to respond
( = andstefja) ; (3) to answer for^ be
respofisible for (e-u).
andsvara-maSr, m. respondent, de-
fender.
and-syptir, m. difficulty in breathing.
and-scBlis, adv. against the course
of the SU71, withershins ( = rangsoelis),
opp. to 'rettsoelis '.
and-vaka, f. (i) sleepiessfiess; (2)
ivakefulness ; and-vaki, a. sleepless
(liggja -vaki).
and-vana or -vani, a. destitute of,
wanting, with gen. (au6s andvani ok
alls gamans) ; -vanr, a. = -vani ; and-
vanr a.i\i, famished for food.
andvara-gestr, m. unwelcome guest;
-lausa, 2l. free from care or anxiety.
and-varc5a (atS), v. to hand over
( = afhenda).
and-vari, m. care, anxiety.
and-varp n. (i) breath, breathing;
(2) sigh ; -varpa (aS), v. to heave a
sigh ( = varpa ondinni) ; -varpan, f.
sighing, sobbing.
and-vegi, n. throne (=6ndvegi) ;
-vertSr, a. = ondver6r ; -viSri, n. head
wind; -virSi, n. worth, equivalent,
price ; andvirdi hvalsins, the value of
the whale.
and-virki, n. (l) hay, hay-stacks,
crop ; nautaQoldi var kominn 1 tun ok
vildi brjota -virki, throw dozen the
cocks ; -virki {fodde}') gekk }3ar upp
fyrir hestum ; (2) Norw. agricultural
implements ; viSarkost, timbr, grindr,
sieda et3a onnur -virki ; (3) fig., legit
hafa mer -virki nasrr gardi en at ber-
jast vid f)ik, / hai'e had busi?iess more
urgent than to fght ivith yoti.
and-vitni, n. contradictory testi-
mony ; -vigr, a. a match for (hann var
eigi betr en -vfgr o3rum peirra broeS-
ra) ; -yrSi, n. pi. objection, contra-
diction ; -sera, f. resistance ; -SBris,
adv. adversely, ujfavourably (ganga
mun ykkr -asris) ; -oefa (-t5a, -t), v. to
keep pulling against wind and tide
so as to prevent a boat from drifting
astern ; -cepa (-ta, -t), v. to reply
against (ekki er t^ess getit, at t>6r6r
andoepti |)essarri vi'su).
ang, n. fragrance (me3 una3 ok a.).
anga (at5), v. to exhale odour orf'u-
grance; angan, f. sweet odour \ a.
Friggjar, the love of Frigg.
angi, m. sweet odour.
angi, m. prickle, sting (J)etta mdl
hefir anga).
angist, f. anguish.
angistar-ar, n. year of misery ;
-neyS, f. great distress ; -timi, m.
hour of distress.
angr (gen. -rs), m. grief, sorrow,
gera e-m angr, to do one harm ; vera
e-m at angri = angra e-n.
-angr (gen. -rs), m. in Norse local
names, bay, firth,
angra (ac5), v. to grieve, vex, dis-
tress (mik hefir angrat hungr ok frost) ;
with dat. (hv^rt sem mer angrar reykr
e5a bruni) ; impers. to be grieved (an-
graSi honum mjok) ; refl., angrast af
e-u, to be vexed at, take offence at ;
a. vi3 e-n, to fall out with.
angraSr, pp. sorrowftd, sady vexed
(reidr ok a.).
angran, f. sorrow, affliction.
angr-fullr, a. sorrowful, sad ; -gapi,
m. rash, foolish person ; -lauss, a.
free from care; -ligr, a. sad; -Ij6t5,
n. pi. mourning songs, dirges ; -lyndi,
n. sadness, low spirits ; -moet^ast (dd),
v. refl. to be in low spi7'its ; -samliga,
adv. sorrowfully, sadly ; -samligr,
a. = -fullr; -samr, a. (i) troubleso?ne
(-som fluga) ; (2 ) depressed, downcast;
e-m er -samt, one is in low spirits ;
-semd, -semi, f. depression of spirits ;
-vaeri, f. dejection ; -oeSi, n. moody
te^nper, sullenness.
ankanna-fuUr, a. full of faults ;
-lauat, adv. with flawless title (Mag-
ANN-
[17J
ANNT
nus konungr haffli pi. riki einn saman
ok ankannalaust).
ann-, in several compds. = and-.
anna (at5), v. ^o be able to do (a. e-u) ;
cf. * annast '.
annarligr, a. strange^ alien.
annarr (onnur, annat), a., indef.
pron., ord. numb.; (i) one of the two,
the one {of two) \ Kgill t)essi hefir a6ia
hond iojily o?ie ha?id) ok er kallaSr
einhendr ; d a5ra hond, on the one
side ; a. ... a. one . . . the other (het a.
Sorli, en a. f>orkell) ; (2) second \ \
annat smn, for the second time ; h0ggr
hann l)egar annat {viz. hogg), a second
blow ; (3) the next following', k 66ru
hausti, the next autumn ; annat sumar
eptir ; fig., next in value or ra7ik ;
annat mest hof i Noregi, the next
greatest temple \ fjolmennast {^ing
annat eptir brennu Njdls, the fullest
assembly next to that after the burn-
ing of N. ; (4) so7ne other (hon lek d
golfinu vi6 aSrar meyjar) ; f>6rarinn
ok tiu menn adrir, and te?i men be-
sides ; hann var orvari af fe en nokk-
urr a., tha?i aftybody else-, (5) other,
different ; ol er a.maSr, ale {a drunken
matt) is another man, is not the sa7ne
man ; pau hof(5u annan dtrunafi, a
different religiott ; (6) in various com-
binations ; a. sh'kr, such another,
another of the same sort', gekk a. til
at o6rum {otie after another) at bidja
hann ; hverja nott a3ra sem a6ra,
every night in turn ; annat var or3
Finns harfiara en annat, each word of
Finn was harder than another ; adrir
. . . a3rir,i'<3;;/^. . . others', einir ok adrir,
various ; ymsir ok a6rir, tiow one, notv
another (nefna upp ymsa ok adra) ;
hvdrr {or hverr) . . annan, each other,
one another (hetu hvdrir o6rum atior-
um) ; vid J)au tidindi urQu allir gladir
ok sagdi hverr o6rum, one told the
news to afiother, man to man.
annarra-toroetSra, gen. pi. used ellipt.
in the sense of children of ' nassta
broe^ra ', thit'd cousitis ; -broeSri, m.
third cousin.
annarr hvarr, indef. pron., one or
other of two persons, either (drepa
annan hvdrn J)eirra sona Skalla-
grims) ; at ocJru hv^ru, every noiv
and then, aSrir hvdrir, one or other
of the two parties ; neut. used as adv.,
annat hvdrt . . . e3a, either . . . or.
annarr hverr, indef. pron. every
other alternately ; annan hvern dag,
every other day ; annat hvert 01 6,
en.>ery other {second) word', at o6ru
hverju, eve^y now and then.
annarr tveggi, annarr tveggja,
indef. pron. one or other of the twu =
annarr hvdrr ; er aSrir tveggju eru
lengra i hurt komnir en ordrag, when
either of the two parties has got
farther away thajt an arrow'' s flight \
annat tveggja . . . e6a, either . . . or.
annars, gen. from ' annarr ', used as
adv. otherwise, else (stendr a. riki J'^itt
1 mikilli hasttu).
annarsligr, a. = annarligr.
annaistacSar, adv. elsewhere^ in
another place— 2ir\r\2ixs stadar.
annast (at5), v, refl. {i) to take care
of{vi\i\ t)etta mun ek a.) ; (2) to pro-
vide for, stipport (a. born, omaga) ;
a. sik, to support oneself; (3) a. um
e-t, to be busy about, to occupy oneself
with (a. um matreiSu).
annall (-s, -ar), m. chronological
register, annals.
ann-botS, n. agricultural imple-
ments.
ann-friSr, m. cessation from law-
suits during the spring farming.
ann-kostr, m.«=onnkostr.
ann-kvista, v. to take care of.
annmarka-fullr, a. faulty, full of
faults; -laMss, a. faultless.
ann-marki, m. (i) defect, flaw, fatili
(t)u leyndir -marka d honum) ; (2j ad-
versity (t>u gaft mer varygQ 1 farsaelu,
huggan { -marka).
ann-rikt, a. n., eiga -rfkt, to be very
busy ; -samligr, a. toilso?ne, laborious;
-samt, a. n., e-m er -samt, one is very
busy ; -sen: d, f. business, care, con-
cern ; bera mikla -semd fyrir e-u, to
be co?tcer?ied about.
annt, a. n., e-m era., eager, anxious ;
morgum var a. heim, many were eager
to get home ; hvi mun honum svd a. at
hitta mik, why is he so eager? ekki er
a. um ]^at, it is not pressing; hvat er
C
ANTIKRISTB
[18]
APTR-MJOR
nd a. mfnum einga syni, what has my
only son at heart f sagdi ser a. [that
he was busy) um daga ; vera a. til e-s,
to be eager for.
antikristr, m. Antichrist.
anza (at5), v. (i) to heed, take notice
of (a. e-u) ; (2) to reply, answer (a.
til e-s).
apa (aS), v. to 7nock, make si>ort of,
to befool (margan hefir au5r apat) ;
refl., apast at e-u, to become the fool of
apaldr (gen. -rs or -s, pi. -rar or
-ar), m. apple-tree.
apaldrs-garSr, m. orchard', -klub-
ba, -kylfa, f. club made of apple-tree ;
-tr6, n. apple-tree.
apal-grdr, a. dapple-grey.
api, m. (l) ape, monkey \ (2) fool
(margr verdr af aurum api ).
apli, m. bull^ = ^]6xx, graSungr.
appella, appellera (a$), v. to cite,
summon to the pope.
apr (opr, aprt), a. (l) hard, sharp;
en aprasta hri6, the sharpest fighting',
aprastr vi3 at eiga, the worst to deal
with ; (2) sad, dispirited.
aprligr, a. cold, chilly (-ligt ve8r).
aptan, a-dv.from behind, behind, opp.
to ' framan ' ; J)d greip hann a. undir
hendr horwim, from behind', fyrir a.,
as prep, with ace, behind; ek hjo
varginn i sundr fyrir a. boguna, Jitst
behind the shoulders,
aptann (gen. -a, dat. aptni ; pi. apt-
nar), m. evening', si6 um aptaninn,
late i?t the evening; mi5r a., middle-
eve, 6 o'clock.
aptan-drykkja, f. evening carouse ;
-kveld, n. = aptann ; -langt, adv. all
the eve?iing; -sksBra, f. twilight;
-stjarua, f. ez'ening star ; -songr, m.
evensong, vespers.
aptansongs-mal, n. the time of
evensong.
aptan-tic5ir, f, pl. = aptansongs ti3ir ;
-timi, m. the time of evening.
aptari, a. compar. = eptri.
aptarla, adv. behind, far in the rear.
aptarr, adv. com par. farther back,
aptast, adv. sn^ptrX. farthest back.
aptastr, a. sn^ptxl. farthest back.
aptna (ac5), v. impers. to become
evening', refl., aptnast = aptna.
aptr, adv. (l) back ; fara (snua, koma,
senda, soekja, hverfa) a., to go {turn
Sec.) back ; reka a., to drive back, repel;
kalla a., to recall, revoke; (2) back-
wards ; fram ok a., backiuards and
forwards, to and fro ; J^eir settu
hnakka d bak ser a., they bent their
necks backwards ; (3) luka (lata) a., to
shut, close; hliS, port, hurS er a., is
shut ; (4) at the back, in the rear ;
J)at er ma3r fram, en dyr a., the fore
part a maft, the hind part a beast;
basSi a. ok fram, stetn and stern (of a
ship) ; Sigur5r sat a. i. kistunni, S. sat
aft on the stern-chest; (5) again;
Freyja vaknar ok snerist vi3 ok sofnar
a., a?td falls asleep again.
aptra (aS), v. to take back, with-
draw, recall; a. fer3 sinni, to desist
from, give tcP; a. s^r, to withdraw,
waver, hesitate.
aptran, f. withdrawal, keeping back.
aptr-bati, m. convalescence; vera f
-bata, to be on the way to recovery;
-bati, a. convalescent, getting better,
reco7'ering ; -beiSiligr, a. reciprocal ;
-borinn, pp. born again, regenerate;
-byggi, m. (esp. pi. -byggjar opp. to
frambyggjar) a 7nan i?i the stern in
a ship of war ; -drattr, m. reflux of
the tide (-drattr hafsins) ; -drepa, f.
relapse, shock ; -elding, f. dawning ;
-ferS, {.Journey back, return ; -foersla,
f. bringing back ; -for, f. = -ferS ; -gan-
ga, f., -gangr, m. ghost, apparitiofi ;
-gjald, n. repayment ; -hald, n. check-
ing, holding back.
aptrhald-samr, a. saving, close.
aptrhalds-maSr, m. one who ifn-
pedes the progress of a thing.
aptr-hlaup,n.rz/««zV?^^rt^^;-hnekk-
ing, f. repulse ; -huppr, m. haunch ;
-hvarf, n. (i) retur7i ; illr -hvarfs, dis-
inclined to face the enemy again ; (2)
relapse, apostasy; (3) turning away
f'om sift (rare) ; -kail, n. recalling,
rei'ocation ; -kast, n. hurling back,
repulse; -kaup, n. repurchase ; -koma
or -kvdma, f coining back, 7-eturn ;
-kvaemt, a. n. ad77iitting of return ;
esp. eiga -kvaemt, to be allowed to
return (from exile) ; -lausn, f. rede7np'
tion ; iHght of redeeming ; -mjor, a.
APTR-MUNDR
[19]
ARKAR-SMID
tapering behind \ -mundr, m. regret^
loss\ mer er mikill -mundr at e-u, 1
miss a thing greatly ; -reka, a. indecl.
driven back (by stress of weather) ;
-rekstr, m. driving back, repulse ;
-sja, f. regret, longing ( = eptirsj^) ;
-skipan, f. restoration (-ski pan allra
hluta) ; -velting, f. rolling back.
apynja, f. she-ape, she-monkey.
ara-hreit$r, n. eagle's nest, eyrie.
arSar-, gen. from ' 6r6 ' ; -leiga, f.
rent for one yearns crop ; -mail, m.
contract, agreement for one year.
artSr (gen. arSrs), m. a simple form
oi plough.
ar5r-for, f. furrow, trench made by
a plough; -gSingr, m. cotilter ; -jarn,
n. plough-iron ; -jarn pat er ristill
{coulter) heitir; -uxi, m. plough-ox.
arSi-geldingr, m. = ar6ruxi.
arfa, f. heiress (Norse, rare).
arfa-sdta, f. a heap, or small rick, of
chickweed (arfi).
arfa-J)attr, m. section of law treating
of inheritance (arfr).
arf-borinn, pp. by birth entitled to
inherit, legitimate ( = til arfs alinn) ;
-deild, f. = arfskipti ; -gengr, a. en-
titled to inherit.
arfi, m. heir, heiress ; a. e-s or at
e-u, heir to a property.
arfi, m. chickweed.
arf-kaup, n. suyn paid for another's
expectation of inheritance ; -leiSa
(-dda, -ddr), v. to adopt as an heir
( = aettlei3a) ; '\%\^\T\g,i. adoptioji of
an heir; -nyti (gen. -nytja), m. heir,
inheritor (poet.).
arfr (gen. arfs), m. (i) inheritance-,
taka arf, to take possession of an in-
heritance; taka arf eptir e-n, to be
heir to a person, to inherit ; standa
til arfs eptir e-n, to be entitled to inherit
a person ; hon i. allan arf eptir mik,
she is my sole heir ; selja arf, to sell
the expectation of inheritance ( = selja
arfvan) ; (2)/rt/r/w^«j=f6Qurleifd.
arf-ran, n. unjust taking of one's
inheritance ; -raBning, f. = arf-ran ;
'raaningr, m. one stripped of his
inheritance ; -sal, n. cession of right
of inheritance (on condition of getting
maintenance for life).
arfsals-maSr, m. one who has made
another his heir on condition of being
maintained by him for life ; -maldagi,
m, deed concerning ' arfsal '.
arf-skipti, n. pa?'titio?i of an inheri-
tance ; -skot, n. fraud in matters of
inheritance ; -sokn, f. suit in a case
of inheritance; -svik, n. pi. defrauding
in matters of inheritance; -svipting,
f. taking away of one's inheritance ;
-tak, n. the act of taking one as arf-
salsmaSr (taka e-n arftaki) ; -taka, f.
receiving, taking possession of, an
inheritance ; -takari, -taki, m. in-
heritor ; -tekinn, pp. taken by in-
heritance; -tekja, f. = -taka.
arftekju-land, n. land obtained by
inheritance.
arf-toeki, n. = arftaka; -tcekr, a.
= arfgengr ; verda arftoekr e-s, to re-
ceive by inheritance.
arftoku-karl, m. one taken as arf-
salsmaSr; -maSr, m. inheritor, suc-
cessor to an inheritance.
arf-vdn, f. expectancy of inheritance ;
-J)egi, m. heir.
arg-hola, f. harlot,
argr, a. (i) unmanly, effeminatey
cowardly (sem fyrir lilfi org geit
rynni) ; (2) lewd; (3) wicked, per-
nicious (J)u hit argasta dyr).
argskapr, m. effeminacy^ cowardice,
wickedness.
ari, m. eagle (=6rn).
arin-domr, m.f reside gossip ; -eldr,
m. hearth-fire ; -elja, f. a home-rival
to a wife; -greypr, a. encompass-
ing the hearth (bekkir aringreypir) ;
-hella, f. hearth-stone.
arinn (gen. arins ; dat. arnl ; pi.
arnar), m. (i) hearth (eldr var d arni) ;
as a law term, fara eldi ok arni, to
remove one's homestead, taking fire
and hearth together; (2) an elevated
platform.
arins-horn, n. corner of the hearth ;
-jam, n. poker.
arka (a^), v. to walk heavily y
trtcdge ; a. at auSnu, to take what-
ever course fate may decide.
arkar-fotr, m. the foot of a chest
(ork) ; -smit5, f. the buildifig of
Noah's Ark,
ARMA
[20]
AT
arma, f. pity ; drottinn sd ormu d
mannkyni, took pity upon.
arm-baugr, m. arrnlet, bracelet.
arm-bryst, n. cross-bow.
arm-fylking, f. = fylkingar-armr.
armingi (pi. -jar), m. poor Jellow
( = aumingi).
arm-leggr, m. arjn (=armr).
armligr, a. pitiful, tniserable.
armr (-s, -ar), m. (i) arm ; leggja
arma um e-n, to embrace (of a
woman) ; koma d arm e-m, to co?ne
into one's e?nbraces (of a woman
marrying) ; (2) the wing of a body,
opp. to its centre ; armar uthafsins.
the ar7ns of the ocean, viz. bays and
firths ; armr fylkingar, a wing of an
army.
armr, a. (i) tmhafpy^ poor \ (2)
wretched, wicked ; hinn armi Bjarn-
grimr, the wretch, scotcndrel B. ; hin
arma kerlingin, the wicked old
wo7}ian.
arm.-skapac5r, pp. misshapen, miser-
able, poor ; -vitki, f. compassion ;
-vitugr, a. charitable, compassionate ;
litt armvitugr, hard-hearted.
armoetSa, f. distress, trouble ; ar-
moetSast, v. refl. to distress ofieself.
arnar-, gen. from ' orn ' ; -hamr, m.
eagle's plutnage ; -hreiSr, n. eagle's
nest, eyrie ; -kl6, f. talon of an eagle ;
-liki, n. eagle's shape ; -ungi, nx. eaglet.
arning, f. tillage, ploughing (related
to ' erja ').
arn-sugr, m. the rushing sound
caused by the flight of an eagle.
ars, m. posteriors, — x?i%s.
arta, f. a species of teal, garganey.
aska, f. ashes (mold ok a. ; dust eitt
ok a.). Cf. osku-.
aska-amiSr, m. shipwright ?
aska-spillir, m. ship-spoiler ?
ask-limar, f. pi. branches of an ash.
ask-macSr, m. shipman, viking,
pirate', cf. askr (3).
askr (-S, -ar), m. (l) ash, ash-tree ;
(2) ash-spear; (3) small ship (J)eir
sigla hurt d einum aski) ; (4) woodeti
vessel or dish (storir askar fullir af
skyri) ; (5) a Norse fneasure for
liquids equal to four bowls (bollar), or
sixteen 'justur'.
ask-rakki, m. marten ; -vi(5r, m.
ash-tree.
asna, f. she-ass.
asna-hofuS, n. ass's-head; -kjalki,
m. jawbone of an ass.
asni, m. ass, donkey.
at, prep. A. with dative. I. Of
motion: {\) towards, against', Otkell
laut at Skamkatli, bowed down to S. ;
hann sneri egginni at Asgrimi, turned
the edge against A.', (2) close up to ;
Brynjolfr gengr allt at honum, quite
tip to hi7n ; peir komust aldri at
honum, they could never get near
hifn, to close quai^ters with him ; (3)
to, at ; koma at landi, to come to
land', ganga at domi, to go into
court', (4) along (=eptir); ganga at
straeti, to walk along the street ; dreki
er ni6r for at dnni {went dow?i the
river) fyrir strauminum ; refr dro
horpu at isi, on the ice ; (5) denoting
hostihty ; renna (soekja) at e-m, to
7'ush at, assault ; gerSi J)a at peim
J)oku mikla, they were overtaken by
a thick fog ; (6) a7'ound ; vefja motri
at hbfdi ser, to wrap a veil round
one's head ; bera grjot at e-m, to heap
stones upon the body, (7) denoting
business, engagement ; ri5a at hross-
um, at sau6um, to go looking after
horses, watchi7ig sheep ; fara at land-
skuldum, to go collecting rents. II.
Of position, &c. ; (i) ^tnoXxng presence
at, near, by, upon ; at kirkju, at
church ; at domi, in court ; at log-
bergi, at the hill of laws ; (2) denoting
participatio7i i7i ; vera at veizlu, brul-
laupi, to be at a ba72quet, weddi7ig',
vera at vigi, to be an accesso7y i7i
7nan-slaying ', (3) ellipt., vera at, to
be about, to be busy at ; kvalararnir,
er at voru at pina hann, who were
to7'77tenting hi7n ; var par at kona
nokkur at binda {was there busy
dressing) sdr manna ; (4) with proper
names of places (farms) ; konungr at
Danmorku ok Noregi,/7>/^^; biskup
at Holum, bishop of Holar ; at Helga-
felli, at Bergt)6rshvdli ; (5) used ellipt
with a genitive, at {a person's) house ;
at hans {at his house) gisti fjolmenni
mikit ; at MarSar, at Mard's ho77ie ;
AT
[21)
AT
at hins heilaga 6lafs konungs, at St.
Olave's church ; at Rdnar, at Rans
{abode). III. Of time; (i) at,in\ at
upphafi, at firsts in the begi7ming\ at
skilna6i,rt//<^;/z>/i/-, when they Piirted\
at pdskum, at Easter \ at kveldi, at
eventide ; at J)inglausnum, at the
close of the Assembly ; at fjoru, at the
ebb\ at floeSum, at the flooatide ; (2)
adding ' komanda' or * er kemr'; at
dri komanda, next year \ at vdri, er
kemr, next spring] generally with
' komanda ' understood ; at sumri,
hausti, vetri, vari, next sinn}?ier, Sec. ;
(3) used with an absolute dative and
present or past part. ; at ser lifanda,
during his lifetime ; at ollum d.sjd.nd-
um, in the sight of all ; at dheyranda
hofdingjanum, in the hearing of the
chief \ at upprennandi solu, at sun-
rise ; at liSnum sex vikum, after six
•weeks are past ; at honum onduSum,
after his death ; (4) denoting uninter-
rupted succession, after ; hverr at
oSrum, annarr at oorum, o?ie after
another ; skildu menn at {)essu, there-
upon, after this ; at J)vi {thereafter)
komu aSrar meyjar. IV. fig. and in
various uses; (i) to^ into, with the
notion of destruction or change ;
brenna (borgina) at osku, to burn to
ashes ; veroa at ormi, to become a
snake; (2) for, as\ gefa e-t at gjof,
as a present ; eiga e-n at vin, to have
one as friend \ (3) by \ taka sverfi at
hjoltum, by the hilt ; draga ut bjorn-
inn at hlustunum, by the ears ; kjosa
at afli, dlitum, by strength, appear-
ance ; (4) as regards, as to ; audigr at
fe, wealthy in goods ; vaenn (fagr) at
dliti, fair of face ; (5) as a law term,
on the ground of by reason of\ rydja
{to challenge) dom at msegdum, kviS
at frsendsemi ; (6) as a paraphrase of
a genitive ; fadir, m66ir at barni
( = barns, of a child) ; a6ili at sok
=a6ili sakar ; (7) with adjectives
denoting colour, size, age, of; hvitr,
svartr, rau6r at lit, white, black, red
of colour; mikill, litill at stcerS, vexti,
tall, small of stature ; tvitugr at
aldri, twenty years of age \ kyr at
fyrsta, 65rum kdlfi, a cow that has
calved once, twice ; (8) determining
the source from which anything
comes, of from ; Ari nam ok marga
froeSi at ^uric3i {from her) ; t>iggja,
kaupa, geta, leigja e-t at e-m, to
receive, buy, obtain, borrow a thing
from one ; hafa veg (virSing) styrk
at e-m, to derive honour, power, frofn
one ; (9) according to, after (heygdr
at fornum si6) ; at ra6i allra vitrustu
manna, by the advice of; at lands-
logum, by the law of the land; at
vdnum, as was to be expected ; at
leyfi e-s, by one's leave; (10) in ad-
verbial phrases ; groa (vera groeddr)
at heilu, to be quite healed; bita af
allt gras at sn0ggu, quite bare ; at
inWn, fully ; at visu, surely ; at frjdlsu,
freely; at €\\\i\i, for ever and ever \
at rongu, at rettu, wrongly^ rightly ;
at liku, at somu, equally, all the
same; at mun, at rd5i, at marki, to a
great extent. B. with ace, after,
upon ( = eptir) ; sonr d at taka arf at
foSur sinn, to take the inheritance
after his father ; eiga ferdnsdom at
e-n, to hold a court of execution
upon a person ; at J)at ( =eptir {)at),
cifter that, thereafter ; connected with
a past part, or adj., at Gamla fallinn,
after the fall of Gamli; at Hrungni
daudan, upon the death of Hriingnir.
at, (i) as the simple mark of the
infinitive, to ; at ganga, at ri5a, at
hlaupa, to walk, to ride^ to run; (2)
in an objective sense ; hann bau5
peim at fara, sitja, he bade {ordered)
them to go, sit ; gefa e-m at eta, at
drekka, to give 07ie to eat, to drink ;
(3) denoting design or purpose, in
order to (hann gekk 1 borg at kaupa
silfrj.
at, (i) demonstrative particle before
a comparative, the, all the, so fnuch
the ; hon gret at meir, she wept the
more; l)ykkir oss at likara, all the
more likely ; J)u ert ma6r at verri {so
much the worse), er J)u hefir J)etta
mcelt ; (2) rel. pron., who, whichy
that { = Qr); Jieir allir, at pau tiSindi
heyrSu, all those who heard; sem
peim er titt, at {as is the custom
of those who) kaupferSir reka.
AT
[22]
AT-FYLGJA
at, conj., that', (i) introducing a
subjective or objective clause ; J)at
var einhverju sinni, at Hoskuldr hafSi
vinaboS, it happened once that H. ;
vilda ek, at J)u reSist austr i fjorSu,
/ should like you to go ; (2) relative
to ' svd ', denoting proportion, degree ;
svd mikill lagama6r, at, so great a
lawyer^ that; (3) vi^ith subj., denoting
end or purpose, i7i order that (skaru
peir fyrir J)a {viz. hestana) melinn, at
J)eir dcei eigi af sulti) ; (4) sifice^ be-
cause^ as (=I)vi at); (5) connected
with J)6, l)vi, svd ; J)6 at (with subj.),
though, although ; l)vf at, because,
for; svd at, so that; {6) temp., J)d at
( = j)a er), when; pegar at ( = {). er),
as soon as; l)ar til at ( = t). t. er),
until, till; Abr at ( = d. en), before;
(7) used superfluously after an in-
terrog. pron. or adv. ; Olafr spurdi,
hvern styrk at hann mundi ii. honum,
what help he was likely to give him ;
in a relative sense ; me6 fullkomnum
dvexti, hverr at {which) J)ekkr ok
psegiligr mun ver6a.
at, negative verbal suffix, = -a; var-
at, was not.
at, n. an incited conflict q>x fight (see
etja) ; odda at, Yggs at, battle.
ata (atS), v. to stain, s?near.
atall (otul, atalt), a. fierce; otul
augu, fierce, piercing eyes.
at-beini, m. assistance, help.
atbldstrar-matSr, m. instigator.
atburSa-lauss, a. eventless, un-
eventful.
at-bur5r, m. (l) occurrence, event;
verSr sd atburSr, at, it so happens
that ; drdp BarSar ok J)d atburoi er
{3ar hofdu orSit, and the evetits that
had happened ^there ; (2) incident, cir-
ciimstance; O. sagdi honum alia at-
burdi {all the circumstances, par-
ticulars) um sitt mdl ; 1 hverjum
atburSum, under what circumstances ;
me3 hverjum atburSum, in what man-
ner, how ; (3) chance, accident ; slikt
kalla ek atburS, en eigi jartegn, such
a thing I call an accidetit, and not a
miracle; af atburS, by chance; acci-
dentally ; me6 atburS, by chance ; per-
adventure, perhaps; (4) attack; (5)
gesture (me5 atburS kallaSi hann
mik til sin) ; var hon en friSasta jung-
fru ok vel at atbuiSum, of good ma?i-
ners, well-bred.
at-lbunat5r, m. proper outfit, equip-
jnent, Qt'c. ; veita atbunaS dauSum
monnum, to lay out dead bodies.
at-djup, n. deep water close to shore ;
-djiipr, a. deep close to the shore.
atdrdttar-maSr, m., mikill -ma5r,
a good housekeeper.
at-drattr, m. provisions, supplies
for household use ; hafSi hann atdrdtt
at J)eirra biii, he supplied their house-
hold; atdrsettir ok utvegar, ways and
means.
at-dugna$r, m. assistance, help.
at-eggjan, f. eggi^ig ^;z, = d.eggjan.
at-fall, n. risi7ig tide, flood-tide.
atfanga, gen. pi. from atfong, pro-
visions; -dagr, m. -kveld, n. the
day, or evening, preceding a church
festival; atf. jola, Christmas Eve;
-lauss, a. destitute of means of sub-
sistence, without resources; -inac5r,
m.=atdrdttarma5r.
atfara-lau3t, a. n. withoiit ojisl aught
or ai-med aggression (see atfor).
atfarar-domr, m. se7itence of execu-
tion (for payment) ; -J)ing, n. court of
executio7i.
at-fer5, f. (l) proceeding, co7iduct,
behaviour (skynsamlig atferd) ; vik-
jast eptir atferSum enna fyrri frasnda
})inna, to follow their (good) exa7)ipie ;
(2) activity, energy; (3) attack, as-
sault ; veita e-m atferS, to set upon
one; (4) a law term, executio7i (me3
domrofum ok atferSum).
atferSar-bot, f. i77iprove7nent of con-
duct; -g65r, a. well-behaved; -leysi,
n. i7iactivity, idleness; -maSr, m.
efiergetic 77ian.
atler^ligr, 2.. fit or 77ianly.
at-ferli, n. action, proceedi7ig, pro-
cedure • hann spur6ist fyrir um atferli
heradsmanna, what they were doing;
-flutning, f. conveya7ice to a place,
supply ; -fr6tt, f. asking, inquiry.
atfr^ttar-maSr, m. inquirer (e-s,
after something).
at-fundull, a. fault-findi7ig, cen-
sorious; -fylgi, n., -fylgja, f. help^
AT-FYNDIIilGR
[23]
AT-KV^DI
backings support] -fyndiligr, a.
blameable, reprehensible', -fyndli, f.
censorioiisness ; -fcersla, f. exertion^
activity.
atfoerslu-mat5r, m. a man of vigour.
at-for, f. (i) proceeding, method \ (2)
attack ; gera atfor at e-m, veita e-m
atfor, to make an attack upon ; (3) a
law term, execution (domr ok atfor) ;
-ganga, f. (i) attack, onslaught ; veita
e-m atgongu, to attack; (2) help,
assistance ; -gangr, m. {l) fighting,
combat] (2) inroad, intrusion-, veita
e-m atgang, to intrude upon ; (3)
help, co-operation.
atganga-mikill, a. energetic.
atgeirr, m. bill or halberd.
atgengiligr, a. acceptable, inviting.
at-ger5, at-gervi, see atgord, at-
g0rvi.
at-geyminn, a. careful, mindful,
attentive; -geymsla, f. attention,
heedfulness ; -gSBzla, f. care, caution.
at-g0r$, f. (l) achievemeftt (pessa
heims atg0r5ir) ; (2) accomplish7ne7it,
ability ; (3) surgical operation (cf.
g0ra at meini) ; (4) pL, measures,
steps taken ; litlar atgorQir, small
measures; var eigi va^nt til atg0r6a,
there were few expedients.
atg0rt5a-lauss, a. inactive, idle ;
-laust er um e-t, no steps are taken ;
-matSr, m. a ready man.
atg0r8ar-mat5r, m. = atgorvimaSr ;
-mikill, a. active, energetic, -vinr,
m. a friend in deed.
at-g0rvi, f. (or neut.), accomplish-
ments, ability.
atg0rvi-maSr or atg0rvis-mat5r,
m. a man of great (physical) accom-
piishtnents.
athafnar-lauss. a. inactive ; -matSr,
m. an enterprising man.
at-hald, n. (i) constrai?it, restraint]
(2) ascetic abstinence.
athalds-maSr, m. ascetic ; -taumr,
m. constraining force.
at-hjukan, f. nursing, attendance on
a sick person.
at-hlaup, n. onset, attack ; 1 einu
athlaupi,z« one rush (in a battle) ; tokst
nu J)egar athlaup, a hand to hand fight.
at-hldtr, m. mockery ^ laughing-
stock] -hlo0gi,n.= -hldtr ; -hloegiligr,
a. ridiculous.
athuga-lauss, a. heedless, careless;
-leysi, n. heedlessness ; -litill, a. rather
heedless.
at-hugall, a. heedful^ thoughtful^
careful.
atJiuga-mat^r, m. devout person ;
-samliga, adv. attentively ; -samligr,
2i. {i) attentive ', (2) = -ver6r; -samr,
a. heedful, attentive ; -ver$r, a.
worthy of attention.
at-hugi, m. attention, meditation ;
af ollum 2L\h\i<g?^, carefully ; flytja fram
bcenir sinar me8 athuga, with devo-
tion ] Iei6a e-t athuga, to reflect upon,
to take into co7isideration.
athugliga, adv. attentively.
at-hvarf, n. courteous attefttions to
any one, in the phrases, g0ra e-m
athvarf, gora at athvarfi vi6 e-n.
at-hyggja, {.attention (me3 allri hug-
arins athyggju) ; -hygli, f. heedful-
7tess, atte7itiveness ; -hyllast, v. refl.,
to cultivate one's friendship ; to side
with (e-n) ; -haefi, n. co7iduct, beha-
viour, proceeding (1 ollu si'nu athasfi) ;
-haefiligr, a. fit, fitting] -hofn, f. (1)
doings, business] fengin var peim
onnur athofn, occtcpation ; (2) beha-
viour, co7tduct] -kail, n. de77tandy
clai7n ] -kast, n. rebuke, reproach.
atkeri, m. anchor ; see * akkeri *.
at-koma, -kvama, f. (i) arrival]
(2) pai7i, visitation ; -kominn, pp.
situated (vel, ilia atkominn).
atkvseSa-lauss, a. u7ii77iportant, of
no consequence ; -niat5r, m. a man of
ii7iportai:ce] -mikill, a. of weighty
i7ifiue7itial.
at-kv8BSi,n. (i) technical term ; skal
soekja sem J)j6fssok fyrir utan atkvasdi,
with exception of the technical ter77is,
withotit calling it theft ; (2) word,
expression ; {'^ sound, pronunciation
(atkvaedi nafns hvers J)eirra) ; (4)
decision ; var pvi vikit til atkvasda
Mardar, referred to Mard''s decision ;
S. veitti atkvasSi [ordered, decreed), at
hastta skyldi dverkum ; af atkva^Qi
gudanna, by the gods' decree ; (5) sfell,
char7)i ] atkvasQi Finnunnar, the spell
of the Finnish witch.
AT-IiAGA
[24]
AUD-KENDR
at-laga, f. ( i) laying the ships along-
side for attack in a sea-fight, attack^
assault (also on land); (2) landing^
without notion of fight (jarl skipaOi
svd fyrir um atloguna).
at-lat, n. compliance ; atldt synda,
indulgence in sin.
atlatsamr, a. compliant (e-u).
atlcgu-skip, n. a ship engaged in
iattle.
atmsBlasamr, ^.faultfinding,
at-meeli, n. blame, censure ; -rds, f.
iharge, attack ; -reit5,f. (l) riding at ;
(2) charge of horse.
atreiSar-ass, m. quintain-post.
at-rekandi, m. vigorous efforts^
great exertions.
at-renna, f. running knot, noose^
slip-knot.
atrennu-lykkja, f. = atrenna.
at-r6c5r, m. ( 1 1 rowing towards ; (2)
rowing against the enejny (to make
an attack).
atsamr, a. guarrelsomey conten-
tious.
at-seta, f. residence ; hafa atsetu e-s
stadar, to reside, esp. of kings ; -setr,
n. = -seta.
at-skelking, f. derision, ridicule.
atsk'ljanligr, a. various, different.
atskjaldac5r, a. covered with shields.
atskjotaSr, a. j/Zz/rt/i?^; ilia atskjot-
a6r, badly off.
at-s6kn, f. (l) onslaught, attack ;
(2) run of visitors or guests seeking
hospitality (fong voru litil, en atsokn
mikil).
atsoknar-maSr, m. aggressor.
at-spurning, f. inquiry ; leiSa at-
spurningum um e-5, to make iiiquiries
nbout a thing.
at-stat5a, f. (i) assistance, sjipport\
{2) zeal\ (3) i7nportunity, obtrusion ;
-staddr, a. situated, circumstanced
{vel, ilia atstaddr) ; -stuSning, f.
-stu(5ningr, m., -stcc5, f. support,
assistance; -sugr, m., only in the
phrase, bora frekan atsug til e-s, to
lay vigorous claim to ; -^vif, n. inci-
dent, bearing; -tekinn, pp.»=-staddr ;
-tekt, f. state, condition.
at-tonn, f. tusk,^w\gi'6nx\ (cf. at, n.).
at-veizla, f. assistance (cf. *veita
at ') ; -verknaSr, m. work, esp. in
haymaking; var{>6rgunnu astlat nauts-
f66r til atverknaQar, to toss and dry it.
at-vik, n. (i) esp. in plur., details,
particulars ; eptir atvikum, accordiiig
tothecirctimstancesofthecase ; greina
e-t me6 atvikum, circujnstantially,
(2) concession; (3) onset ^ assatdt,=
atvigi.
at-vinna, f. (l) assistance, support;
(2) means of subsistence.
atvinnu-lauss, a. without fneans of
subsistence.
at-vist, f. presence, esp. the act of
being present at a crime ; vera 1 atsokn
ok atvist, to be presejit and a par-
taker in the onslaught; atvistar
-matSr, m. aider and abettor.
at-vig\ n. onset, onslaught.
atyrSa f-rSa, -rSr), v. to rebuke ;
-jrr^i, n. pi. abusive wards.
auS- adverbial prefix to a great many
adjectives, adverbs, and participles
(opp. to tor-), easily; -beSinn, pp.
easily persuaded; -bcenn, a. easily
moved by entreaty ; -boettr, pp. easily
competisated for ; -eggjaSr, pp. easily
egged on; -fenginn, pp., -fangr, a.
easy to get ; -fimdinn, pp., -fjmdr, a.
easy to find; -fundit (-fynt), easy to
perceive, clear; -foerr, a. (l) easy to
pass ^-fcerr vegr) ; (2) easily accessible.
autSga (ac5) , v. to enrich (a. e-n e-u) ;
refl., auSgast, to grow wealthy,
au$-gengr, a. easy to pass (sti'gr
-gengr) ; -gaBtligr, a., -gsstr, a. easy
to get ; -gorr, pp. easily do?ie ; -heyrt,
pp. n. easily heard, clear.
auS-hof, n., -hoefi, n. pi. riches,=
auSoefi.
autSigr and autSugr, a. rich, wealthy
(a. at fe) ; skip mikit ok audigt, with
a rich lading.
auSit, pp. n. of an obs. verb ; e-m
ver^r e-s au., it falls to one's lot; oss
var3 eigi peirrar hamingju au., this
good fortune was not destined for us ;
^6 at mer ver3i lifs au., though life be
granted to me ; hafSi J)eim or6it sigrs
au., they had won the day, varS t)eim
eigi erfingja au., to them no heir was
granted; au. fe, means possessed.
au5-kendr, pp. easy to recognize, of
AUD-KENWI
[25]
AUDUGR
dist'ngiiished appearance ; -kenni,
n. mark^ distinct io7i ; -kenniligr, a.
easy to recognize ; -keyptr, pp. easily
bought, cheap \ -kjorinn, pp. easily
chosen^ easy to decide on ; -kumall,
a. tefider, delicate, easily hurt or
ivounded\ -kumall i sVtx^'i, irritable',
-kvaddr, pp. easily moved (vdru menn
til t»css -kvadclir).
au(5-kvisa, f., -kvisi, m. ; see * au-
kvisi '.
au^-kv8B^r, a. easily talked over,
easily moved, pliable.
au^-kymli, f. weakness (Jjd varp
hon af ser -kymli konunnar).
auS-kyfingr, m. a man of great
wealth.
au5-lattr, pp. easily kej. t in check ;
-latinn, pp. of easy, affable man?iers,
cotnplaisant.
au5-leg8, f. wealth, riches ; -maSr,
m. wealthy man ; -mildingr, m.
generous, free-handed man.
auS-mjukliga, adv. (i) humbly ; (2)
easily ; -mjukligr, a. huinble (au6-
mjukligt bcenarbref) ; -mjukr, a. (l)
hujnble, meek \ (2) pliable, docile ;
-muna^r, pp. easily reme77ibered\
-mykja (-ta, -tr), v. (i) to hu77ible\
au6-mykja s\V, to htwible oneself \ (2)
to 7nake pliable ; -mykt, f. meekness,
hu77iility.
aut5n, f. {i)wilderness, desert {Mce.n-
ligarauSnir) ; {1) U7iinhabited and uti-
cultivated tract of la7id, waste (byg-
6ust I)d margar auSnir landsins) ;
(3) deserted far7n or habitation (sd
boerhet si6an a HrappstoSum, J)ar er
nu au6n>; (4) desolation-, riki mitt
stendr mjok til audnar, is in a state
of desolation ; liggja (leggja) 1 au3n, to
lie {to lay) waste; (5) destruction
(au3n borgarinnar).
aut5na, t. {\)fate\ a. mun t>vi rdSa,
Fate i7iust settle that \ (2) good for-
tune ; me6 au6nu peirri, at {>orkatli
var lengra lifs audit, by that good
fortune that longer life was destined
for Thorkel.
auSna, f. desolation, ■=?i\x^n.
auc^na (at5), v. impers. to fall out
by fate \ ef honum auSnaSi eigi aptr
at koma, z/"^^ did not have the good
fortune to return ; ef gu5 vill, at })ess
audni, that it shall succeed', sem
audnar, as luck decides.
auSnar-glutr, n. squandering, prO'
digality, -lius, n. deserted house',
-iiiac$r, m. dest7'oyer ; -6(5al, n. ?>;/-
pove7-ished estate ; -sel, n. deserted
shieli7ig', -stat5r, m. a desert place.
aut5nu-laus3, a. luckless ; -maSr,
m. lucky 77ian, favourite of fortune ;
-samliga, 2idv.fo7'tunately.
auf -nsemiligr, a. easy to learn.
aut5-n8Bmr, a. easily lear7ted, soon
got by heart.
au8r, a. e77ipty, void, desolate ; husin
voru au6, uni7ihatited \ au3 skip
( = hro3in), e77?pty ships, all the crew
being slain or put to flight ; a. af
uionnMm, void of people', a. at yndi,
devoid of pleasure, cheerless.
auSr, m. riches, wealth ; audr fjdr,
great wealth ; au6r er valtastr vina,
wealth is the ficklest of frie7ids.
aut5-rafS, n. wealth, = 2Mhx-&h\.
auS-ratSinn, pp. (i) easily explained
(of a dream) ; (2) easy to ma7iage (of
a boat) ; -latSr, a. pliable, yielding.
autS-rann, n. rich house ; -rfieSi, n.
pi. means, property, wealth ; -salir,
m. pi. rich {splendid) halls.
au6-senn, pp. easily seen, evident ;
-skilligr, a. easy to understand',
-skreitSr, a. = orskreic5r ; -skcsSr, a.
easily da77taged, delicate, tender;
-sofctligr, a. (i) easy to perform, an
easy task (J)6tti J)etta eigi vera -sott-
ligt) ; (2) that can easily be taken by
force (borg -sottlig) ; -sottr, pp. easy
to win (mdl -sott) ; auSsottr til boena,
pliable, yielding.
au^-stafr, m. poet, wealthy man,
au^-3veipr, a. pliable, yielding.
auc5-syna (-da, -dr), v. to show,
exhibit ; refl., -synast, to appear clear-
ly ; -syniliga, adv. clearly ; -syniligr,
a. ez'idefit, clear ; -syning, f. making
evident, expla7iation ; -synn, a. easily
see7i, clear, evident ; -ssBligr, a.
= -syniligr; -ssBr, a. = -synn ; -trua,
a. indeci., -trdinn, a. credulous',
-tryggi, f. si77ipiicity, credulity ;
-tryggr, a. si7nple-hearted, credtclous.
auSugr, a. ; see ' au&igr '.
AUD-VELDA
[26J
AUKA
aa5-velda (at$), v. to make easy^
take lightly.
au&velda-verk, n. an easy task.
auS-veldi, n. easi/; ess, facility ; me5
-veldi, easily; -veldliga, adv. (i)
easily, lightly; taka -veldliga i. e-u,
to make light of\ (2) without re-
luctance, willingly ; -veldligr, a. easy
to overcofne (hversu -veldlig su borg
var); -veldr, a. -velliligr, a. (i)
easy ; { 2 ) complian t.
aucS-virSa, iko.. ; see * afvirQa '.
auS-vitaS, pp. n. easy to know,
clear, evident', -vist, a. n., = -vita5.
au$-l)rifligr, a. weakly, feeble.
autS-oefi, n . pi. opuleftce, wealth,riches.
aufi, interj. woe! alas I ', a. mer or
a, mik, woe is nie /
aufusa or aufusa, f. thanks, grati-
tude, satisfaction, pleasure ; kunna
e-m aufiisu fyrir e-t, to be thankful,
obliged to one, for a thing ; gefa e-m
aufiisu, to thank ; e-m er au. d e-u,
one is pleased, gratified, with ; ef y6r
er l)ar nokkur au. d, if it be any
pleasure to yoti ; var monnum mikil
au. i. J)vi, were much pleased by it.
aufusu-gestr, m. a welcome guest,
opp. to ' andvara-gestr ' ; -lauss, a.
ungrateful, tmthatikful \ -orc5, n.
thanks ; -svipr, va.friejidly 7nien.
auga (gen. pi. augna), n. eye ; luka
(bregSa) upp augum, bregma augum
1 sundr, to open {lift up) the eyes\
luka aptr augum, to shut the eyes ;
renna (bregma, leiSa) augum til e-s,
to turn the eyes to ; leiQa e-n augum,
to measure one with the eyes; berja
augum 1 e-t, to take into consideration ;
koma augum d e-t, to set eyes on,
become aware of; hafa augu d e-u, to
have, keep, an eye upon ; segja e-m
e-t 1 augu upp, to ofie^s face, right in
the face ; unna e-m sem augum i
hofSi ser, as on^s own eye-balls ; e-m
vex e-t 1 augu, one has scrtcples about ;
ndit er nef augum, the nose is neigh-
bour to the eyes ; gloggt er gests augat,
a guest" s eye is sharp ; morg eru dags
augu, the day has many eyes; eigi
leyna augu, ef arm kona manni, the
eyes cannot hide it if a womati love a
man ; (2) hole, aperture in a needle
(ndlarauga), in a millstone (kvarnar-
auga) or an axe-head ; (3) pit full of
water.
auga-bora, f. socket of the eye;
-bragS, n. (i) twinkling of an eye,
jnojnent ; i. einu augabragdi, in the
twinkling of an eye ; (2) glance, look ;
snart -bragS, a keen glance ; hafa
-bragQ af e-u, d e-u, to cast a look at;
(3) a butt for ridicule; hafa e-n at
-bragdi, to make sport of to ridicule ;
ver6a at -bragQi, to become a laughing-
stock ; -brag^ligr, a. ( i ) momentary ;
(2) instantaneous; -staSr, m. socket
of the eye; -steinn, m. apple (or
pupil) of the eye.
aug-brd, f. eye-lashes ; -dapr, a.
weak-sighted; -fagr, a. = augnafagr ;
-lit, n. face, countenance ; fyrir {or i)
gu6s augliti, before the face of God;
-Ijos, n., in the phrase, koma 1 -Ijos,
to come to light, appear; -Ijoss, a.
clear, manifest.
augna-bending, f. a warning look
ox glance; -bragS, n. = augabrag6 ;
-fagr, a. fair-eyed, having beautiful
eyes; -fVi\\v,3.. full of eyes ; -gaman,
n. delight of the eyes ; -karl, m. pan
of the hip-Joint; -kast, n. wild
glafice ; -lag, n. look ; -mein, n.
disease of the eye ; -myrkvi, m. dim-
ness of the eye ; -sjaldr, n. eyebalL^
pupil; -skot, n. (i) look, glance of
the eye ; (2) measure by the eye (at
augnaskoti) ; -staSr, m. = augasta6r ;
-sve'nn, m. a lad leading a blind
man; -verkr, m. pain in the eye;
-J)iingi, m. heaviness of the eye.
aug-sjandi, pr. p. seeing with one's
own eyes ; at augsjdndum postulum
sinum, in sight of his apostles ; -sjon,
f. = augsyn; -surr, a. blear-eyed, =^
sureygr ; -syn, f. sight ; koma 1 -syn
e-m, to appear before hitn ; i -syn
e-m, in the face of; -synast (d), v.
refl. to appear clearly ; -syniliga,
adv. visibly ; -syniligr, a.^ visible ;
-synn, a. = au6-synn, aug-ljoss.
auk, adv. and conj. (I) besides, — 2i\.
auki (hundrad manna ok auk kappar
bans) ; (2) aiso, = o\i.
auka (eyk, jok, jokum, aukirin), v.
(l) to augment, increase (a. virSing
AUKA
[27]
AUSA
e-s ; a. aett sina ; a. vandraeQi) ; to pro-
long (a. {)ing) ; aukanda ferr um e-t,
something goes on increasing \ eigi
er J)at aukit [it is no exaggeration)
t)6 at hann se sagSr rikastr madr i.
Islandi ; orSum aukit, exaggerated;
aukin {jnore than) firju hundru6
manna ; (2) to add, with dat. (jok ek
t)vi es mer vard siSar kunnara) ; a.
synd i. synd ofan, to heap sin upon
sin ; a. e-u vi5, to add; aukast orSum
vi6, to come to words, to co7iverse ;
with ace, a. ny vandrasdi ( = ny)um
vandras5am) d hin fornu, to add ftew
difficulties to the old ones; impers.,
jok storum um hans harm, his grief
increased greatly ; (3) to stcrpass, ex-
ceed; J)at er eykr sex aura,J)a a konungr
hdlft pat er eykr, if it exceeds six
otinces, the king takes half the excess.
auka (ac5), v. (a Norse form) = the
preceding,
auka-gorS, f. un?iecessary work.
auka-hlutr, m., at -hlut, 'in addition,
to boot, — 7x.\. auk.
aukan, f. increase, augmentation.
auka-nafn, n. nickname, additional
na7ne; -sm.i6i, n. superfluous thing;
-tungl, n. i7itercalary 7noon \ -verk,
n. stipe7-fluous work.
auki, m. (i) additio7i, increase (a.
fagnadar, pi'nsla) ; ver6a at moldar
auka, to beco77ie dust, to die ; til auka,
in addition, to boot ; fcerast 1 alia auka
(afls sins), to exert to the ut7nost 07ie's
bodily strength ; (2) seed, proge7iy,
offspring (eigi gaft t)u mer auka e6r
afkvaemi) ; (3) produce of the earth ;
(4) interest of capital.
auk-nefna (-da, -dr), v. to nick-
na7ne ; -nefhi, n. co7tte7nptuous na77ie,
nickna7ne (eigi em ek bastarSr nema
at -nefni, of William the Conqueror).
aukning, f. i7icrease.
aukvisi, m. degenerate person,
laggard (einn er au. asttar hverrar).
auma, f. 77iisery, in the phrase, sjd
aumu or aumur d e-m, to take pity
upo7i ; cf. * arma '.
aum-hjartaSr, a. tender-hearted,
charitable.
aumingi f-ja), m. miserable person,
wretch (gu6s aumingi).
aumka (a^), v. to C077i7niserate, to
feel pity for (a person, &c.).
aumkan, f. la77ientation, wailing.
aum-leikr, m. 7nisery, wretchedness ;
-liga, adv. piteously, wretchedly ;
-ligleikr, m.= -leikr ; -ligr, 2,. poor,
77iiserable (aumligr ok hormuhgrj.
aumr, a. poor, 77iise7'able, unhappy,
wretched.
aum-staddr, pp. in a poor, wretched
state ; fniserably situated.
aura-, gen. pi. from aurar ; see
' eyrir '.
aura-dagr, m. pay-day ; -lag, n.
sta7tdard of 77ioney ; -Ian, n, worldly
luck; -logan, f. squa7ideri7ig of
money, profuseness ; -lykt, f. pay-
7nent ; -skortr, m. scarcity of 77ioney ;
-taka, f. receipt of 771071 ey.
aur-bor$, n. the second plank fro7n
the keel of a boat.
aur-gati, m. ; see ' 0rgiti '.
aurigr (ace. aurgan), a. clayey,
7nuddy.
aurr, m. 7710 ist earth, clay, mud
(aurr etr iljar, en ofan kuldi).
aurriSa-bekkr, m. trout-strea77i ;
-fiski, n. trout-fishery ; -net, n. trout-
net; -vat,n, n. a lake with trout.
aurritSi, m. sabnon-trout.
aur-skor, m. ' 7nud-shoe ', ho7'se-
shoe ; -3krit5a, f. Ia7idslip.
ausa (eys, J63, josum, ausinn), v.
to sprinkle, pour, with dat.; Jjasr taka
hvern dag vatn 1 brunninum ok ausa
[viz. J)vi) upp yhr 3.sk\nn, pour it over
the ash-tree; a., sild or netjum, to
e77ipty the nets of the herrings ; fig., a.
sauri d e-n, to bespatter with abuse ;
a. e-m e-u 1 augu upp, to throw . . .in
one's face; (2) a. e-n {or e-t) e-u, to
besprinkle with a thing ; a. e-n moldu,
to sprinkle with earth, to bury ; a.
barn vatni, a sort of baptism in the
heathen age (SigurcJr jarl jos sveininn
vatni ok kalladi Hdkon); (3) with
ace, to bale; a. skip upp, to bale the
ship out; fig., a. bdt sinn, to make
water; (4) ot a horse, to kick or lash
out with the hind legs.
ausa, f. ladle ; ekki er enn sopit, t)6
1 ausuna se komit, there's 7nany a slip
'twixt the cup and the lip.
AUS-KER
[28]
AY
aus-ker, n. = austrs-ker.
ausli, m. ; see 'auvisli, usli*.
austan, 2idv.from the east ; d austan,
blowing from east \ fyrir austan (as a
prep, with ace), east of\ (2) without
motion, on the eastern side (t)rju hli6
voru austan i. borginni) ; (3) with gen.,
to the east of (austan drinnar ; austan
fjarSar).
austan-fertS, f. jotiriiey from the
east\ -gola, f . light breeze from the east ;
-kvama, f. arrival from the east ;
-mar c5, m. a manf?-om the east ; -ve$r,
n. easterly gale ; -ver^r, a. eastern,
easterly ; -vindr, m. east wind.
austar-liga, adv., -ligr, a. easterly.
austarr, adv. compar. more to the
east', austast, adv. superl. most to
the east; austastr, a. superl. most
easterly, easternmost.
aust-firSingr, m. one from the east
of Iceland; -firSir, m. pi. the east firths
of Iceland; -firzkr, 2.. from the east
firths {in Iceland).
aust-ker, n. = austrs-ker.
aust-maSr, m. ^ eastman\ a man
from the east ; in Iceland and in the
Orkneys, a man from Norway.
austr, n. (i) the east (sol 1 austri ;
til austrs) ; (2) as adv., in the east (ek
var a. ok dna varSak) ; towards the
east (J)u vart a. sendr).
austr (-r3 or -rar), m. (i) the act of
baling out water; standa 1 austri, to
be engaged in baling; (2) bilge-water
(skipit fullt af austri).
austr-dtt, f. = austreett.
auitr-biti, m. a cross-beam near the
baling-place (in a ship).
austrfarar - knorr, m., -skip, n.
vessel bound for the Baltic.
austr-fert5, -for, f. voyage to the
east, esp. to Russia or the eastern
Baltic.
austr-hdlfa, f. (i) the easte7?i part ;
hennar {of Europe) -hdlfa ; (2) Asia
( = austr-hdlfa heimsins).
austrhalfu-lySr, m., -J)j6t5, {.people
of the east.
austr-kendr, a. easterly (var veSrit
austrkennt).
austr-ker, n. scoop, ■=dMS\.xs-\itx.
austr-ligr, a. eastern.
austr-lond, n. pi. the East.
austr-mdl, n. turn at baling.
austr-oka { aS), v. to lavish, squander
(-oka f^ sinu).
austr-riki, n. the eastern empire^
esp. the east of Europe ; also of Asia.
austr-riim, n. the baling-place in a
ship.
austr 3-ker, n. scoop, bucket for bal-
i?ig out water.
austr-vegr, m. the east, esp. the east-
ern Baltic, Russia.
austrvegs-konungr, m. ki?ig of
Russia ; -konungar, the three kings
from the east ; -matSr, m. inhabitant
of the austrvegr.
austr-astt, f. eastern regiofi of the
heaveji, east.
aust-roenn, a. eastern, comifig fro7n
the east ; -roen gola, easterly breeze ;
-rcenn ma6r=austma6r ; -roenn viQr,
timber frofn Norway.
aust-skota, f. ^^^6'/, = austrs-ker.
auvi, interj. alas / = 2i\i^ (auvi m^r
veslugri).
auvir^ast (aS), v. refl., to become
worthless, =■ afvirSast.
auvirSi, n. (l) worthless wretch;
(2) a law term, damage, a?iy thing im-
pairing the value of a thing.
auvir^iligr, a. worthless, wretched.
auvircSis - maSr, m. a worthless
wretch.
auvirSskapr, m. worthlessness.
auvisla-bot, f. compensation for
damage.
auvisli (af, vesall), m., contr. ausli,
usli; (i) a law term, damage ; boeta
auvisia, to pay compensation for dam-
age done ; (2) hurt, injury in general ;
setja undan ollum auvisia, to get off
tmscathed.
ax, n. ear of corn.
axar-, see ' 0xar- '.
ax-helm a, f. stalk and ear of corn.
axlar-bein, n. shoulder-bone, shoul-
de7'-blade ; -lit5r, m. shoulder-joitit.
axl-byrt5r, f. load borne on the shoul-
der (oxl) ; -har, a. as high as a man's
shoulder (axlhdr e-m).
ay, interj. = auvi (ay m^r veslugri).
[29]
d, prep., A. with dat. I. of place;
(i) on^ upon^ in ; i golfi, on thefioo7-\
i. hendi, on the hand {oi a rinCT) ; ^ sja
ok landi, on sea and land; a bokum
enskum, in English books ; d himni,
in heave?i ; i. jordu, on earth ; hafa
lykil d. ser, . . . on one' s person ; vera d
pingi, to be present at a meeting ; vera
i. skogi, to be out in a forest (of a
hunter, robber, deer) ; J)Der eyjar
liggja d Brei5afir6i, . . .in Broadjirth ;
(2j in connexion with proper names
of countries, esp. those ending in
'-land', in\ a Englandi, Irlandi,
Skotlandi, Bretlandi, Groenlandi,
islandi, &c., d Moeri, OgSum, Fjolum ;
a Myrum (in Iceland) ; d Finnmork,
a Fjoni (a Danish island), but i Dan-
mork, SviJ)j63 ; also before names of
Icel. farms denoting open spaces ; d.
|>6risst6c5um, d Moc5ruvollum, d Fit-
jum. II. of time; {i) during, in the
course of', d nott, by night \ a degi,
by day ; d \>\{ dri, vdri, sumri, in that
year, spring, sicmmer ; d })rem sum-
rum, zV^ the course of three summers ;
var hann d fdm dogum heill, within
few days ; d dogum e-s, /« the days of
in his reign or ti7ne\ (2) used cf a
fixed recurrent period or season ; d
vdrum, sumrum, haustum, vetrum,
every sfring, su77imer, &:c. ; d kveld-
um, in the evening', t)risvar d dri,
mdnuSi, th7'ee ti77ies a year, a month.
III. fig. and in various relations ; (i)
denoting personal relation, in, to,
towards; boeta e-t d e-m, to 77iake
amends to one (personally) ; sjd d e-m,
to read 07i or in one's face ; hafa
elsku (hatr) d e-m, to bear love
{hatred) to one; rjtifa sastt d e-m,
to break a truce on one; (2) with a
reflexive pron., denoting personal
appearance, temper, look ; vera
J)ungr, lettr d ser, to be heavy or light
(either bodily or mentally) ; kdtr ok
lettr d ser, of a gay and light disposi-
tion ; J)at bragc3 hafSi hann d ser, he
looked as if; syna fdleika d ser, to
show displeasure; (3) as periphrasis
of the possessive pron. or a genitive ;
hann retti d ser fingrna, he stretched
his fingers ; fotrinn d honum, hisjoot ;
1 vorunum a honum, z>z his lips ;
stafn, skutr, drar, segl d skipi, the
ste7)i, stern, oars, sail of a ship ; blo6
d tre, leaves of a tree ; ^%<g d sver3i =
sverSsegg; (4) denoting instru-
mentality, by, by 7nea7is of; afla fjdrd
holmgongum, to 77iake 7noney by
duelli7ig; fella e-n d brag6i, . . . by a
trick (in wrestling) ; komast undan d
flotta, to escape by flight ; (5) with
numerals ; d pridja tigi manna,
between twenty and thirty ; d niunda
\\<g\, between eighty a7id ninety years of
age ; d o(5ru hundradi skipa, with
above a himdred sail ; (6) in many
adverbial phrases ; d lifi, alive ; d
brautu, away; d floti, afloat; d milli,
betwee7i ; d laun, secretly ; d moti,
against ; d enda, at an end ; d flugi,
a flying, i7i the air ; d gangi, walking;
d skjdlfi, a-shiveri7ig ; d hleri, a-
liste7iing; d veiSum, a-htcnting; d
beit, a-grazing; (7) used absol. in
reference to the air or the weather ;
l3oka var d mikil, a thick fog was 07i ;
allhvast d norSan, very stro7ig breeze
fro77i the 7iorth ; g0r5i d regn, rain
ca7ne on. B. with ace. I. of place;
(l) indicating direction with or with-
out motion, towards, to, on, upon ;
ganga d land, to go ashore ; ganga d
skog, i7ito the wood ; stiga d skip, to
go on board; d bseSi bor5, 07i both
sides (of the ship) ; d hli6, sidezvise;
hoggva d tvaer hendr, to hew or st7'ike
right and left ; stefna d fotinn, to aifn
at the foot ; gekk vecJrit d vestr, the
wind veered to the west ; hdrit tok
ofan d belti, 7eached down to the belt ;
reka austr d haf, to d7'ifl eastwards
on the sea ; (2) in some cases the ace.
is used instead of the dat., esp. with
verbs denoting to hear or to see ; J)eir
sd bo6a mikinn inn d fjoiSinn, they
saw great breakers away in the firth ;
with phrases denoting to be placed,
seated, to sit, the seat is freq. in
[30]
ABURDAR-SAMR
ace. ; sitja d miSjan bekk, to be seated
on the middle bench ; skyldi konungs
sasti vera d l^ann bekk ; (3) denoting
parts of the body ; bita e-n d barka,
to bite one in the throat ; skera e-n i.
hdls, to cut one's throat \ kalinn d kne,
frozen {frost-bitten) up to the knee.
II. of time ; (i) connected with
'evening, morning, the seasons' with
the article ; d kveldit, every evenifig-^
d sumarit, every su7n7ner\ d vetrinn,
in the wi^iter-time^ the plur., how-
ever, is much more common in such
cases ; d n«trnar/_y night, every night \
d morgnana, in the morning, every
fnorning ; d kveld in, in the evening ; d
vdrin,z;/ spring; d sumrin,z« summer;
d haustin, ift atitimin (cf. A. II. i.) ;
* dagr ' is always used in sing, with
the art. suffixed ; d daginn, du7'ing
the day-time, every day in turn ;
(2) denoting a movement onward in
time ; er leid d vetrinn (daginn,
kveldit, nottina), as the winter, &c.,
wore on. III. fig. and in various
relations; (i) oft, upon, to; bj63a
voxtu d feit, to offer interest on the
jnoney ; fd d e-n, to make an i?n-
pression tipott ; koma d roeSu vi6 e-n,
to enter into talk with, to speak with ;
(2) of colour, complexion, in respect
of, in regard to ; hvitr, jarpr, dokkr
d hdr, havitig %uhite, brown, dark
hair; d0kkr d horund, of dark com-
■^lexion ; (3) denoting skill, dexterity ;
hagr d tre, a good carpefiter; hagr d
jdrn, mdlm, an expei't worker in iron,
metals ; fimr d boga, good at the bow ;
meistari d horpusldtt, a master in
harp-playing; mikill d ijirott, highly
accomplished; froeSimaSrd landnams-
sogur ok forna froe5i, a great scholar
in history and antiquities ; (4) denot-
ing dimensions ; d hasS (lengd, breidd,
dypt), in height {length, breadth,
depth) ; (5) denoting instrumentality ;
bjargast d sinar hendr, to live on the
work of ones own hatids; vega d
skdlir, to weigh in scales ; nefna e-n
d nafn, by name ; (6) denoting man-
ner ; d t)essa lund, in this wise ; d
marga (ymsa, alia) vega, in many
(various, all) respects \ esp. of a
language ; msela, rita d e-a tungu, to
speak, write in a tongue ; d Irsku, in
Irish ; (7) in some phrases the ace.
is used instead of the dat. ; hann let
ekki d sik finna, he showed no sign of
tnotion ; (8) in distributive sense ;
skal mork kaupa gaszlu d kii eSr oxa, a
mark . . .for every cow ; (9) connected
with nouns, in prepositional and ad-
verbial phrases ; d hendr e-m,
against ; d hoela e-m, at 07ie's heels,
close behi7id ; d bak e-m, at the back
of, behind; d braut, azuay ; d vixl, so
as to cross, cross-wise.
d (gen. ar, pi. ar, gen. d, dat. am),
f. 7'iver ; her kemr a til saevar, here the
river runs i7ito the sea, ^g., = this is
the very end.
d-auki, m. (i) increase; (2) interest
of mo7iey, yield, proft ; (3) reward.
d-austr (-rs), m. abusive la7iguage.
d-barning, f. (i) thrashitig,floggi7tg
(=barsmid) ; (2) assault (of the Evil
One), te77iptation.
a-batan, f. = dbati.
a-bati, m. profit, gain.
d-bersemi, f. dispositio7i to accuse.
a-bla3inn, pp. inspired (bok guSliga
dblasin).
a-blaaning, f. (i) breathing upon
(me6 elds d.) ; (2) gramm., aspiration ;
(3) inspiratio7i ; d-blastr, m. (i)
breathi7ig upo7t ; (2) i7ispiration.
abota-doenii, n. abbacy, abbot ship ;
-kosning, f. election of an abbot ;
-ligr, a. abbatial; -3onr, m.son of an
abbot; -st§tt, f, the rank, dignity of
a7i abbot ; -stofa, f. abbot's parlour ;
-saBti, n. seat of an abbot ; -vald, n.
the power, dignity of an abbot.
dbota-vaat, a. n. in need of im-
p7'ove7nent, i77tperfect (J)ar er honum
J)6tti -vant um kristnihaldit).
dboti, m. abbot.
a-breitSa, f., d-breiasl, n. bed-cover-
ing, counte7pa7te.
a-bruSigr, a. = afbruSigr; abrySa,
v. = afbry6a; d-brySi, f. = afbry3i.
dbur^ar-klaeSi, n. pi. fne clothes,
showy dress; -kona, f. a showy,
dressy wo77ia7i ; -matSr, m. showy
person, dandy ; -mikill, a. puffed up,
showy ; -samligr, -samr, a. showy.
A-BtJRDR
[31]
A-GANGR
d-burt^r, m. (i) charge \ (2) salve^
ointment \ (3) pomp or bravery in
dress (cf. 'berast mikit d.').
a-butS, f. (i ) tenancy ; ef land spillist
1 ibu6 hans, dii7ing his tenancy \ {2)
duties of a tenant.
dbu^ar-matSr. m. an inhabitant \
-skylda, f. duties of a tenant.
a-buna$r, m. te?iancy (=abu6).
a-byrg$, 1. responsibility ; vera 1 a.
um e-t, to be respo7isiblefor\ vera or
a. um e-t, to be exempt from responsi-
bility in a case\ hafa mikit 1 a., to
have much at stake ; e-t er 1 dbyrgQ-
um vi6 mik, /«;« responsible for it.
abyrgSar-fulb', a. full of responsi-
bility^ responsible-^ -hlutr, m. an
object^ matter i?ivolving risk and
responsibility, -lauss, a. irresponsi-
ble, free from risk ; -litill, a. involv-
ing Utile risk ; -raS, n. responsible
step ; -samligr, a. momentous, very
important.
a-bjrrgja (-?a, -t^r), v. to make one
answerable for (a. e-m e-t or e-t a
hendi e-m) ; refl., abyrgjast e-t, to
answer for .1 warrant.
a-boeli, n. tenancy , farm, = i.h\xb.
d^an, adv. (i) before (longu a.);
(2) a little while ago (Kolr for fra
sell a.).
dt5r, adv. (i) already (ek hef d3r
raSit brullaup mitt) ; (2) before, here-
tofore ; litlu (longu) ^., a little while
{long) before; (3) =a6r en, previous
to the time when, before^ ere ; J)eir
hofSu skamma hri6 setic^ a. par kom
Gunnhildr, they had sat but a short
while before G. catne ; dou margir a.
l)eir koemi til fyrirheitsjarSar, before
they came to the land of pro?nise ; (4)
until^ till ({)at var svipstund ein a.
stofan brann) ; (5) sem a., neverthe-
less, for all that (hon ba6 hann J)at
eigi gera, en hann tekr hana sem a.).
a-dreifing, f. spri?tkling upon.
at5r-nefndr, pp. before mentioned,
a-drykkja. f. the act of drinking to ;
sitja fyrir adrykkju e-s, to sit over
against one as his drinking-mate
(regarded as a mark of honour).
d-drykkr, m. a wave dashing over
a ship.
to egg or tirge on^ to
d-eggja (a(5), v.
exhort (a. e-m).
d-eggjan, f. egging on ^ instigation.
aeggjanar-fifl, n. a fool or tool
^Sg^^'i- on by a?iother (hafa e-n at
-fifli); -grenir, f. pi. exhortations-,
-op, n. encouraging shout.
a-eggjari, m. instigator (deggjari
gloepa).
dfa, f. disturbance, quarrel, strife.
a-fall, n. (i) heavy sea (dashing over
a ship) ; (2) law term, i^nposition of a
fine (a. sektar) ; (3) =dfelli, calamity ^
visitation.
afalls-domr, m. sentence of condem-
nation or punishment.
d-fang, n. (i) laying hands upon,
rough handling (vard hann fyrir
miklu spotti ok dfangi) ; (2) 7nulct,
fine^ incurred by illegal seizure of
another man's goods ; sex aura d.,
a fine of six ounces.
a-fangi, m. = dfang 2.
a-fangr, m. ; see di-vangr.
a-fastr, a. fastened to, joined to.
d,-fdtt, a. n. defective, faulty.
a-felli, n. calamity ; standa undir
dfelli, to be under great hardship ;
hvert a. jarl hafdi veitt honum, what
penalties the earl had laid on him.
afellis-domr, m. condejnnation,
a-fenginn, pp., -fengr, a. intoxicat-
ing- (i. mjoSr, drykkr).
a-flog, n. pi. brawl, fighting.
a-form, n. arrangement.
a-forma (at5), v. to arrange about a
thing (um e-t).
a-fram, ^&w. forward, onward \ fell
hann d., on the face ; komst aldri
lengra a. fyrir honum um skaldskap-
inn, he never got any further in his
verse-making; hdldu J^eir d. leiSina,
they held forward on their way.
a-fra, prep./r^w, = fra (a. J)eim degi).
d-fryja, v. = fryja d e-n.
a-fryja, f. reproach, rebuke.
a-fysi, f. gratification, satisfaction
(oss er engi d. at).
a-foera (-3a, -5r), v. to reproach.
d-ganga, f. = dgangr (veita e-m
agongu).
a-gangr, m. molestation, annoyance,
assault, aggression.
AQANQ-SAMR
[32]
AHUGA-MADR
dgang-samr, a. aggressive,
dgangs-matSr, m. an aggressor (vi3
mfna dgangsmenn).
a-gautS, f. barking (at one) ; abusive
language ; veita e-m mikla dgau5, to
abuse grossly.
d-gengiligr, a. acceptable, agreeable.
a-gengt, a. n., e-m ver5r agengt, one
is exposed to dgangr.
d-gildi, n. value of a ewe (aer).
d-gildr, a. of a ewe' s value.
a-girnast (d), v. refl. to covet, lust
after (ilgirnast e-t = girnast i. e-t) ; d-
girnd, f. (i) ardent desire, ambition ;
(2) cupidity, avarice (hann hafSi
dregit undir sik Finnskaitinn meQ
dgirnd).
agirndar-bdl, n., -eldr, -logi, m.
flame of ainbition or cupidity ; -lostr,
m. vice [passioji] of avarice.
d-girni, f. (ij ambition \ (2) greed,
cupidity.
agirnis-fullr, a. avaricious, selfish.
a-gjarn, a. (i) ambitious {i.. ok
fegjarn) ; i.. til fjdr, covetous ; (2)
impetuous, eager (kappar dgjarnir ok
ohrasddir).
dgjarn-liga, adv. (i) eagerly, vehe-
mently ; (2) with greed or ciipidity ;
-ligr, a. proceeding frojn cupidity or
avarice (-lig rdn).
dgoSa-hlutr, m. profitable share.
a-g6t5i, vci. gain, profit, benefit.
a-grip, n., in the phrase, litill
dgripum, sjnall of size.
agaBta (-tta, -ttr), v. to praise or
commend highly.
dgSBta-, gen. pi. from *^g^ti*, is
prefixed to many words to express
something capital, excellent', -goSr,
a. excellent ; -gripr, m. capital thing ;
-naut, n. fine ox ; -skjotr, a. very
swift ; -vel, adv. excellently well.
ageeti, n. glory, fame, renown,
excellence ; in pi, glorious deeds
(mikil dgseti voru sog^ af Gunnari) ;
gera e-t at dgastum, to praise highly.
dgaBtingr, m. = dgastisma6r, agastr
ma6r.
ags9ti3-, gen. from *dga£ti', prefixed
to a great many words with the same
meaning as *aga2ta-'; -gripr, m.=
agseLa-gripr; -IsBknir, m. excellent
physician ; -maSr, m. excellent man ;
-verk, n. 7naster-piece \ used as an
adv. highly, extremely (husfru ^gaetis
siSsom).
ag89t-liga, adv. capitally, -ligr, a.
excellent, goodly.
agaB r, a. Jamous, excellent ; dgaetr
hofdingi, excellent chief', dgastir
gimsteinar, fioble gems.
a-g0r5, {.gain, profit ( = ^voxtr).
d-hald, n. (i) laying hold of, esp. in
^\., fighting, brawl', verSa ahold me5
monnum, they come to a tussle; (2)
possession ; veita e-u dhald or dhold,
to take possession of; (3) hafa dhold
vid e-m um e-t, to be equal to {match
for) one in a thing,
a-hankait (ac5), v. refl. to become
entangled.
d-heit, n. invocatioft, vow.
a-henda (-nda, -ndr), v. to lay
hands upon, seize ; a-hendr, pp.
within reach ; t)au ur6u dhend, they
were seized.
a-heyrandi, pr. p. within hearing^
listening', at ollum boSsmonnum
dheyrondnm, in the hearing{presence)
of all the guests.
a-heyriligr, a. worth hearing, well
sounding', d-heyris, adv. within
hearing, in one's hearing', a-heyrsi,
-heyrsli, a. indecl., verda e-s d., to
get to know by hearing.
d-hlaup, n. (i) onset, attack, incur-
sion ; gera e-t me3 dhlaupum, to do
a thing impetuously ; (2} leaping,
covef'ing (of animals).
dhlaupa-maSr, m. a?t itnpetuous
person.
a-hlekking, f. (i) stumbling block
(drepa fotum 1 dhlekkingar) ; (2)
error, slip ; (3) adversity ; a-hley-
pinn, a. impetuous, vehement', a-
hly^ast (dd), v. refl. to give ear to,
listen to (i.. ummseli e-s) ; i.. vid e-n,
to agree with ; a-hly$inn, a. giving
a willing ear, listeniiig readily (d. um
e-t, til e-s) ; ekki i., obstinate, self-
willed.
dlirins-ort5, n. pi. words {spells) that
come true (ver6a at -orSum).
ahuga-fullr, a. full of care ; -litill,
a. slow ; -maSr, a. eager^ aspiring
AHUGA-MIKILL
[331
1-KYNNIS
•samt, a. n., e-m er -samt, otie is
concerned (about something) ; -vertSr,
a. causing concern, serious.
a-hugi, m. (i) intention, 7nind\ e-m
er e-t 1 dhuga, one intends to do a
thing \ (2) eagerness (ekki skortir
ykkr ^huga) ; (3) mind, opinion
(eigi er ^\\ at leyna, hverr minn d. er
um t^etta) ; (4) care, solicitude,^
ahyggja; (5) devotion', biSja t)eir
goOiii ine3 miklum ihu'ga., fervently.
Q,-\\^. ggja, f. care, concern, anxiety ;
bera dhyggju fyrir e-m, to be con-
cerned about ; fer ]3at honum mikillar
ihyggju ok reicJi, it causes him fnuch
concern and anger.
ahyggjast (aS), v. refl., d. e-t or um
e-t, to be co7icerned about, take care
or thought for.
ahyggju-tenginn, -fuUr, a. anxious,
concerned ; -lauss, a. unconcerned ;
-mikill, a. very anxious ; e-m gerist
-mikit, one grows very anxious ;
-samliga, adv. gravely, anxiously,
-samligr, a. anxious-looking ; -samr,
a. anxious, careful ; -svipr, m., -yfir-
brag?5, n. grave, anxious look.
a-hofn, f. (i) the freight or loading
of a ship', (2) htggage.
a-hogg, n. slaughter of a ewe (asr).
ai, m. great-g}andfather.
ai-fangi, ai-fangr, m. res ting- f>l ace
(for horses to rest and graze) ; -foSr,
n. fodder for horses at a resting-
place', -vangr, m. = di-fangr (cf. *aeja',
to bait, and ' vangr \ field).
akafa-mac5r, m. an eager, impetuous
man (-maSr um e-t).
akafast (at5), v. refl.,/^ be vehement,
eager ; i.. a e-t, to busy oneself eagerly
with a thing.
akafi, m. eagerness, vehejnence ;
me6 akafa miklum, vehemently ; 1
akafa, eagerly, impetuotisly ; the gen.
' akafa ' is prefixed to a great many
adjectives and to some substantives,
in the sense of in a high degree, very ;
cikafa fagr, very beautiful', dkafa
reiSr, very angry, furious ; dkafa
drifa, a heavy snow-drift.
dkaf-leikr, m. eagerness, vehemence ;
-liga, adv. (i) vehemently, impetuous-
ly; fara dkafliga, /<? rush on', biSja
-liga, to pray fervently ; (2) very^
exceedingly (-liga reiSr) ; -ligr, a.
vehement, hot (dkafligr bardagi, -Jig
reiSi) ; -lyndi, n. a hot, impetuous
temper ; -lyndr, a. hot-temperedy
impetuous.
dkafr, a. vehement, fierce (a. bar-
dagi) ; t)enna dag var veizlan allra
dkofust, at the highest pitch ; neut. as
adv., kail a dkaft a Bar 6, to pray to
B. fervently ; ri6a sem dkafast, to 7'ide
at a furious pace.
a-kall, n. (i) calling upon, inz'oca-
tion (a. a nafn gu6sj ; (2) clamour,
shotcting', (3) clai?n, demand (a. til
e-s, to a thing).
akalls-lauss, a. free fro7n all
clai7ns or de77iands.
a-kals, n. a7i i77iportunatey urgent
request (cf. kails).
a-kast, n. (i j throwing upon, casting
at ; (2) fig., assault (a. ohreins anda) ;
(3) pi. tatmts ; a-kastan, f. casting
upon ; akasta-samr, a. tau7iting.
a-kef$, f. = dkati (vsegiliga en eigi
me5 dkefd).
akef$ar-orc$, n. pi. passionate
or viole7it words.
a-kenning, f. (i) S77iack, savour
(hafa a. e-s or af e-u) ; (2) slight
repri7na7id (gera e-m a.) ; a-kenningr,
m. = akenning.
a-keypi, n. right of p7'e-e7nption.
a-klagan, f. accusation, charge.
a-klee5i, n. bed-covering, counter-
pane (sa^ngr me6 akl^dum).
d-kneiki, n. sha7ne (snua e-u e-m
til akneikis) ; -koma, -kvdma, f.
(l) tottch', ufridar a,, visit atio7i of
war', (2) hurt, wound.
d-kiifottr, a. rotmd as a ball.
a-kve(Sinn, pp. fixed, appointed',
dkvedin or6, 7narked,poi7ited words',
me6 akveQnum ordum, in express
words.
a-kv8e5i, n. decision, verdict ; me9
akva^Sum, expressly.
akvaeSis-teigr, m. apiece of field to
be 77W2U71 in a day ; -verk, n. piece-
work (t)at er ti'tt a Island! at hafa
dkva^Sisverk).
a-kynnis, adv. on a visit.
ICEL. DICT.
1-K^RA
[34]
i-Ii-REIP
d-ksBra (-t5a, -t5r), v. to complain of.
a-kaera, f. charge^ complaint (bera
dkasru i. e-n) ; a-k8Brari, m. accusery
complainant ; d-kfi9rsla, f. = dkaera.
dkaarslu-lauss, a. = akasrulauss ;
-maSr, m. = ^kaeruma3r.
dkaBru-lauss, a. undisputed ^ unim-
peached\ -niac5r, m. accuser ^ com-
plainant,
dl (pi. -ar), f. leather- strap.
d-lag, n. (i) esp. pi., dlog, impost^
iaXy burden ; (2) visit ation^ tribula-
tion ; (3) law term, additional fine ;
(4) j;^^//, char 711.
a-laga, f. esp. pi. dlogur, = alag (i).
dla-garSr, m. eel-p07td^ stew for eels.
dlags-hattr, m. a kind of metre, the
first syllable of the following line com-
pleting the sentence.
alar-endi, m. end of a leather strap ;
-reip, n. rope of leather.
dla-virki, n. = alagar6r.
dl-belti, m. leathern belt ; -borinn,
pp. measured with a thong or cord (of
a field) ; -burSr, m. measurement [of
afield) with a cord.
d-leiSia, adv. (i) onwards, forwards
(foru d. til skipa sinnaj ; vildu snua i..
for sinni, proceed on their journey ;
fig., koma e-u a., to bri?tg about \
vikja a. me6 e-m, to side with one ;
(2) on the right path, opp. to afleiSis ;
snua e-m ^., to coftvert one.
d-leikni, f. pertness\ d-leikr, m.
trick ; d-leiksi, a. having got the
worst of the gatne.
d-leita (aS), v. to molest, annoy ;
d-leitiligr, a. reprehensible ; d-
leitinn, a. aggressive ; a-leitni, f.
(i) aggressiveness (a. vi3 e-n); (2)
blame, censure.
d-lengdar, adv. for the future (eng-
um friSi heit ek J^er d.).
d-lengr, adv. (i) for the future,
always (J)essi illvirki skyldi eigi i..
uhefnd vera) ; (2) furthermore ; (3)
d. er, as soon as (alengr er hann er
sextan vetra).
dlfa, f. =h^lfa.
dlfa-blot, n. sacrifices to the elves ;
-kyn, n. the race of elves.
alf-kona, f. female elf', -kunnigr,
•kunnr, a. akin to the elves.
dlfr (-8, -ar), m. elf , fairy (h611 ei
skamt heSan er dlfar bua 1).
dlf-rek, n., -reki, m. dirt, excre-
ments (which drive away the elves) ;
ganga -rek, -reka, at -reka = ganga
0rna sinna.
dlf-roSull, m. poet, the sun.
d-lit, n. (i) aspect, appear ance^
countenance (vsenn at dliti, fagr
alitum, dekkr alits) ; (2) view, co7i-
sideration, reflection ; meS skj6tum
alitum, without mature consideration ;
eigi me3 nogum dlitum, inconsider-
ately ; g0ra e-t at dlitum, to take into
consideration ; (3) opinion, judge-
ment (at rettsynna manna dliti).
alita-leysi, n. absence of reflection ;
-litjll. a. inconsiderate ; -mdl, n. pi.
in the phrase, gora e-t at -mdlum=:
g0ra e-t at alitum.
alit-liga, adv. becoiningly, respecta^
bly, pretty well ; -ligr, a. deliberate.
d-litning, f. consideration (d. him-
narikis fagnaSar).
d-likr, a. like, resefnbling,
d-lj6tr (gen. -s or -ar), m. (i) serious
bodily injury that leaves a mark,
wilfully inflicted ; (2) contumelious
language (masla dljot).
dljots-eyrir, m. a fine for * dljotr ' ;
-rdtS, n. intention to inflict * dljotr '.
dlka, f. auk ; dlku-ungi, m. young
auk (fugl ]Dvilikastr sem dlku-ungi).
dll (-3, -ar), m. (i) eel', (2) a deep
narrow chafinel in sea or river (eru
nu iDeir einir dlar til lands, er ek get
va6it) ; (3) germ, sprout of a plant.
dlmr, m. (i) ehn ; (2) poet. man.
alm-sveigr, m. elm-twig \ -tr6, n.
ebn-tree — almr (i).
dlmviSar-skogr, m. elm-wood.
dlnar-breiSr, a. an ell broad '^
-kefli, n. a staff an ell long', -langr,
a. an ell long ; -tiund, f. tithe of the
value of an ell ; -virtSi, n. the value
of an ell (alin, oln).
dipt (pi. dlptir and elptr), f. siuan.
dlptar-hamr, m. the skin and
plumage of a swan ; -hreiSr, n.
swafi^s nest; -liki, n. swan's shape
or form.
dlpt-veiSr, f. catching wild swans.
al-reip, n. rope of leather.
A-LUTR
[35]
ar-b6t
d-lutr, a. bending forwards y stoop-
ing (cf. lutr).
d-lygi, f. slander^ calumny.
d-lykt, f. issue, decision.
dlyktar-dminning, f. fnal admoni-
tion ; -domr, m. /Inal judgement ;
-orS, n. the last word, peroration ;
-vitni, n. conclusive testimony.
d-lyktan, f. co7tclusion,fitial decision,
a-laBgja, a. indecl. in heat (of a
mare).
dmatligr, dm^ttigr, a. loathsome ^
unpleasant, piteous.
a-minna (-ta, -tr), v. to admonish ;
A-minning, f. (i) admonition, warn-
ing; the act of reminding one (of
something) ; (2) recollection (d. allra
synda).
aminningar-maSr, m. adjnonisher^
reminder ; -orS, n. pi. admofiition^
exhortation ; -vi6ur,f. pi. ad?nonitory
or warning verses.
a-mot, n. confluence of (two or more)
rivers (uppi hja amoti).
d-munr, a. like (a. e-m).
amu-s6tt, f. erysipelas.
d-maBla (-ta, -t), v. to blame {fk, e-m
fyrir e-t).
a-maslandi (pi. -endr), m. reprover.
a-maeli, n. blame, reproof, reproach ;
leggja e-m e-t til amselis, to refroach
one for, or with, a thirig.
amsBlis-laust, adv. without re-
proach ; -orS, n. reproof', -samr, a.
bringing reproach, shartieful ; -verSr,
a. blame-worthy.
an, prep, without', (i) with gen.;
t)ess mattu Gaular ilia ^n vera, they
could not well do withotct it', an
allrar vaegSar, without ajiy mercy ;
(2j with dat. ; rln e-s ri.b\, without
[against) his will', dn aflati, in-
cessantly, (3) with ace; i.n alia
flser3, zuithout any deceit', dn leyfi,
without leave.
d-nafnaSr, a. renowned, famous.
^-nau(5, f. ( I ) oppression, cofistraint ;
(2) bondage \ (3) straits , hardship
(also in pi.).
dnau^ar-ok. n. yoke of bondage ;
-vist, f. life of oppression or bo?idage.
d-naucSga (a5), v. (i) to rediice to
bondage, to enslave {i.. e-m) ; (2) to
oppress \ A-nautSigr, a. oppressed^
enslaved; d-nau?5r, m. =^naud.
d-nefna (-da, -dr), v. to name,
appoint [i.. dag til orrustu).
d-netja (a5), v. to entangle as in a
net (a. e-n e-u) ; refl., anetjast e-u,
to be e-i tangled in.
d-neyt5a (-dda, -ddr), v. to force,
subject by force.
dning, f. resting, baiting', cf. 'asja'.
d-nyt, f. e7ve's 7nilk, = 2e.x-ny\..
d-nyja la^), v. to renew.
d-noegja, v. = noegja ; lat sdr e-t d.,
to be content, rest satisfied, with.
ar, n. {\) year', at ari, next year ',
telja d,rum, to count time by years ;
(2) plenty, abundance, fruiifulness
(J)a var ar um oil lond) ; (3) the name
of the Rune A.
ar, f. oar', draga skip d drum, to
pull the boat with oars ; f)ungr undir
drum, heavy to pull ; draga arar um
e-t, to contend for ; koma eigi ar sinni
fyrir bor3, to be under restraint.
dr, n. first begintiing ; ar var alda,
in times of yore ; at morgins dri, um
morguninn iar = aria um morguninn,
early in the morning.
dr, adv. (l) anciently, of yore ; (2)
early (ar um morguninn).
dra-burv5r, m. the movement of the
oars ; koma (raSast) undir -bur6 e-s,
to become dependent on one ; vera
undir -burSi e-s, to be under one's
protection ; -gangr, m. splashing of
oars', -glam, n. = -gangr; -lag, n.
ti7ne in rowing', kunna aralag, to be
arte to handle an oar.
dr-dll, m. river-clumnel.
ar-angr (-r3), m. (i ) season, ^ixi^xh ;
(2) produce of the earth,
drar-hluinr, m. oar-handle ; -hlutr,
m. piece of ajt oar ; -stubbi, m.
stump of an ocr ; -tre, n. wood for
making oars.
d-ra3, f. assault, attack,'=a.h\a.up,
ara-tal, n. munber of years ; fimtugr
at -tall, fifty years of age ; -tala, f.
(l) = -tal; (2) calculation, recko7iing
of years.
dr-bakki. m. bank of a river.
dr-bot, f. bettering of the season or
produce.
AR-BROT
[36]
A-SAKA
dr-brot, n. inundation of a river ;
-bru, f . bridge over a river.
dr-buinn, a. early ready.
ar-byll, a. dwelling in abundance.
dr-dagar, m. pi., i -daga, i7i days of
yore ; -degis, adv. early i?t the day.
ar-djup, n. pool in a river.
d-reit5, f. charge of cavalry ^ifivasion
cf horsemen.
a-reitingr, m. inducement.
a-rennil gr, a. easy to face.
a-reySr, t. a kind of salmo7i.
dr-eyrr, f. bar^ sand-bank at the
7?wuth of a river ; -farvegr, m. course
of a river.
ar-fertS, f. (i) season (go 5 arfer6) ; (2)
good luck.
ar-flj6tr, a. fast^ suift (of a rowing
vessel).
ar-gali, m. * the early singer \ the
cock, chanticleer.
argalla-lauss, a, free from failure
of crop, fertile, ar-galli, m. failure
of crop.
ar-gangr, m. a year's course, year.
ar-gljufr, n. pi. steep cli_ffs over-
hanging a river.
dr-gu6, m. god of plenty (the god
Frey) ; -goezka, f. good season.
dr-hlutr, m, one's portion of a river
(as regards fishing rights).
a-ri(5a, f. sjnearing^ rubbing (cf.
drla, adv. (i) early ; with gen., aria
dags ; (2) in times of yore.
ar-langt, adv., -lengis, adv. for a
year, during a whole year ; -liga,
adv. (i)=arla; {2) yearly ', -ligr, a.
(I ) a7tnual, yearly ; (2) early.
ar-ma^r, m. steward^ esp. of a kings
or bishop's estates.
ar-megn, n. 77iain strea77i or curre7it
of a 7iver.
dr-menning, f. stewardship.
drna (aS), v. (i) to earn, gain, get
(^. e-t) ; (2) a. e-m e-s, to procure a
thing for one ; d. e-m g6c5s, to pray
for good to one ; a. e-m ills, to i77ipre-
cate evil upon^ to curse ; d. e-m lifs,
to i7itercede for one''s life ; A. e-s vi5
gufl, to pray to God for a thing.
drna (at5), v. to go forward, to
wander (a. urgar brautirj.
drnat5ar-ma?5r, m. intercessor (esp.
of Christ and the saints) ; -ort$, n.
i7itercession (of the saints).
drnat5r, m. intercession.
drnan, f. = ^rna6r.
arnandi (pi. -endr), m. intercessor,
= arnaSarmaSr.
ar-6ss, m. 77iouth of a river.
drr (pi. asrir and arar, ace. dru and
dra), m. (i) 7nessenger, servant \ (2)
pi. aiigels (asrir ok hofu6asrir).
drr, a. early (at arum degi).
dr-risull, a. given to risi7ig ea7'ly.
dr-sali. -salr, m. precious hangi7tgs
of a <^d'^(kult ok blasjur ok ^rsah).
dr-samr, 3.. fertile (arsamr vetr).
dr-salnn, pp. early sown.
dr-skyld, f. yearly rent.
dr-3traumr, m. curre7it in a river ;
-strond, f. bank of a river.
ar-s8Bli, f. the fact of havi7ig
Prosperous seasons (during one's
reign) ; -ssbII, a. happy i7i having
good seaso7is.
dr-tal. n. reckoning by years ;
-tekja, f. yearly rent ; -.i5,f. anniver-
sary of a 771 an' s death.
drtioar-dagr, m. = arti5; -skrd, f.
obittcary.
d-runi, m. attack, -^ixis,.
ar-vaS, n.ford of a river.
dr-vakr, a. early awake ^ early
risi7tg (arvakr ok osvefnugr).
dr-vegr. m. = artarvegr.
dr-vsBnligr, -vaenn, a. pro77iising a
good seaso7i.
ar-v6xtr, m. the rising or swelling
of a river.
drsBtSa-mikilL a. dari7igy e?iterpris-
ing (cf. araeSis-mikill).
a-raeSi, n. (i) attack ; veita e-m a.,
to attack ; (2) C07!rage,dari7ig, pluck.
d-rse5iligr, a. (i) likely, probable;
(2) daring, da7tgerous ; (3) ekki iraeS-
iligt, 7iot easy to face.
a-r8Bt5inn, a. dari7ig, e7iterprising,
draeSis-fullr, a.==ar£e6inn ; -litill,
a. of S77iall courage ; -mikill, a.
dari72g ; -raun, f. test of courage,
daring deed', -akortr. m. wa7tt of
courage ; -snarr, a. of great courage,
plucky.
d-saka (at$), v. to accuse, reproach
ASAKAN
[37]
ASTAR-HITI
(opp. to *afsaka'); A-sakan, f.
charge^ censure.
asakanar-efni, n. matter for cen-
sure ; -or5, n. pi. words of reproach.
a-sakari, m. accuser^ adversary.
a-samt, adv. (i) vera a., to be to-
gether^ esp. of married people ; (2)
koma d.., to agree ; J^au komu vel a.,
they lii'ed happily together.
a-sauSr, m. ewe ; coll. ewes.
a-sdld, n. sprinklmg, fig., of a snow-
S tor 771.
d-sdttr, pp. agreed^ having co7ne to
ter7ns {i.. um e-t).
as-bru, f, bridge of the Gods, the
rai7ibow.
ds-drengr, m. short pillar ; -endi,
m. the end of a bea77i.
a-seta, f. (i ) sitting upo7i ; (2) tenure
of afar77i (aseta a jord).
d-setning, f. laying on, putting on
[i.. stolunnar).
as-garSr, m. the residence of the
Gods ; -grindr, f. pi. the gate of
asgarSr.
a-3igling, f. saili7ig upon.
^-sja (gen. d,sjd,rj, f. (i) help, aid,
protection (bi6ja e-n asj^r) ; (2)
superi7ttendence, inspection ; (3) ap-
pearance, shape.
dsja-ligr, a. handso7ne, pretty ;
-mal, n. a 7natter worthy of, or re-
quiring, consideration.
d-sjdna, f. older form for * ^sj6na *.
dsjon, f. sup£7-inte7idence, inspection ;
= asyn.
a-EJ6na, f. (i) cou7ttena7ice, look ;
kvenna vaenst baeSi at asjonu
[appearance) ok vitsmunum ; grepp-
ligr 1 Asjonu, ugly-looking \ {2) for7n,
shape (andi drottins i dulu asjonu).
a-skelling, f. chidi7ig, severe re-
proofed, 'skella d').
a-skeyti, n. attack.
d-skilnacSr, m. (l) disagree7nent,
difference ; (2) separation ; i tvennum
askilnaQi, i7i two different ways.
d-skoran, f. a pressing request; a
challenge.
d-skot, n. shooting at ; svi mikil d.,
at, so hard shooti7ig, that.
d3-kunnigr, -kunnr, a. akin or re-
lated to the gods.
d-akurSr, m. carving, in wood or
stone (askurSr ok tresmi6i).
d-skynja, a. indecl.,a. e-rar IJjrottar,
experie7iced, expert in a7t art ; also
with dat. ; d-skynjandi, pr. p.=
askynja.
d-slatta, f. i7ijury inflicted by some
one (a. djofuls).
ds-li$ar, m. pi, cha7npions of the
Gods ; -megin, n. the divine strength
of the Gods, esp. used of Thor ;
-megir, m. pi. the so7is of the Gods ;
-mo^r, m. divi7ie wrath (s^ hann J)^
f>6r { asmoSi).
d-s6kn, f. { I ) attack, assault ; (2)
i7i dict7ne7i t, accusatio7i .
dsoknar-matSr, m. accuser.
das (gen. ds3 and dsar ; pi. aesir,
ace. 83si and dsu), m. one of the old
heathen gods in general, or esp. one
of the older branch, in opp. to the
younger ones (the Vanir).
as3 (gen. dss, pi. aaar),m. (i) a thick
pole, 77iain bea77i (in a house) ; (2) in
a ship, yard of a sail (beitiass) ; (3)
rocky ridge.
ds-stubbi, m. stu772p of a bea7n.
dst, f. (i) love, affection ; hafa 6.. i.
e-m, to feel a love for ; felia a. til e-s
or \\h e-n, to take a fa7icy to ox for
one ; (2) pi. astir, love betwee7i maft
and wo77ian, esp. affection betwee7i
77ia7t and wife (vel er um astir okkrar,
sagSi hon).
d-3tat5a, f. (i) assertion, contention ;
(2 ) pi. disagree77ien{, discord.
asta-lauss, a. loveless.
a3tar-andi, m. spirit of love ; -angr,
n. grief fro7n love ; -auga, n. lovi7ig
eye, te7ider look (lita, renna -augum
til e-s) ; -band, n. tie or band of love ;
-boSorS, n. C077i7nand7nent of love ;
-bragcS, n. token of love ; -brimi,
-bruni, m. fire of love, arde7it love ;
-drykkr, m. love-potio7t ; -eldr, m.=
-brimi; -fullr, a. (l) lovi72g', (2)
e7ia7noured', -fundr, m. affectionate
77ieeting', -gjof, f. gift of grace',
-grein, f. kind of affection ; -gySja,
{.goddess of love (Venus) ; -g0rnmgr,
m. act of charity ; -harmr, m. grief
fro7n love ; -hirting, f. chastise77ient
of love ; -hiti, m. war77ith of love ;
ASTAR-HUGI
[38]
A-TAK
-hugi, -hugr, m. love, affection ;
-hygli, f. devotion ; -ilmr, m. sweet-
ness of love ; -kveSja, f, hearty greet-
ing \ -kveikja, f. kindler of love \
-lauas, a. loveless ; -leysi, n. absence
of love ; -logi, m. flame of love ;
-mark, n. token of love ; -or 5, n. pi.
words of love (maela -orSum til e-s) ;
-reiSi, f. anger from love ; -samband,
n. hand of love ; -sigr, m. victory of
love ; -snesSingr, m. love-feast ;
-soetleikr, m. sweetness of love ;
-varkunn, f. compassion ; -verk, n.
act of charity ; -vel, f. artifice of love
(b6k -vela, Ars amandi) ; -l)j6nusta,
f. service of love ; -J)okki, m. love^
affection ; -oetSi, n.fury of love.
ast-blindr, a. blind from love ;
-bundinn, pp. in bonds of love,
deeply ena?notired.
d-stemma, f. damming up of a
river.
dst-fenginn, pp. (i) love-exciting
(-fenginn drykkr) ; (2) bound in love
(-fenginn vi6 Mariu) ; -folginn, pp.
beloved, dear to one (e-m) ; -fostr.
n. loving fosterage (leggja -fostr vi6
e-n ; fcE6a e-n upp -fostri) ; -gjof, f.
gift of love, grace ; -go^i, or -goSi,
m. darling] -hollr, a. affectionate
(e-m) ; -hugacSr, a. dearly loving,
affectionate ; -hugi, m. affection.
a-stig, n. treading upon (slett straeti
til dstigs).
ast-igr, a. dear, lovely ; pi. contr.
^stgir, dstgar ; -kynni, n. hearty
welcome ; -laus3, a. void of love,
loveless ; -leysi, n. want of love, un-
kindness ; -menn, m. pi. dearly
beloved friends ; -rcaBr, f. darling
maid, sweetheart ; -raS, n. kindly
advice.
d-stri(5ari, m. adversary, tonpter.
dst-riki, f. affectionate tenderness ;
hafa -riki af e-m, to be jnuch loved by ;
-rikr, 2,. f till of love (-rikt hugskot) ;
-rikr e-m or til e-s, full of love to ;
-samliga, adv. affectionately ; -sam-
ligr, a. affectionate ; -samr, di.full of
love, tenderly disposed towards (vid
e-n) ; -semd, f. lo7'e, affection.
astsemdar-fraendsemi, f. affec-
tionate relationship ; -rd(5, n. kind
advice ; -verk, n. work of love ;
-vinatta, f. loving friendship.
ast-semi, f. = -semd; -saeld, f.
popularity ; -S8b11, a. beloved by all,
popular (-sasll e-m or af e-m).
a-stunda (a$), v. to study, take pains
with, = stunda ^ e-t ; a-jtundan, f.
(i) care, painstaking, endeavour',
(2) strong desire (hafa a. til gu6s) ; (3)
intention.
ast-u5, f. love, affection ; leggja dstu6
til e-s, to become fond of one.
astu^ar-fraend&emi, f. affectionate
ki?iship ; -vinr, m. dear friend.
ast-ut5igr, a. beloved, dear (-uSigr
ollu folki) ; -uSigt er me6 J)eim, they
are on friendly or loving terms ;
-■uSligr, a. atniable, friendly (vi3 e-n
or e-m) ; loving.
dst-vina, f. dear {female) friend;
-vinatta, f. intimate friefidship ;
-vinr, m. infi?nate friend; -J)okki,
m. = astart)okki.
^^-Yia}Q„i. goddess, the fern, answer-
ing to ' ass'.
a-syn, f. (l) countenance, presence
(kasta e-m hurt fra sinni a.) ; (2)
appearance, shape (gu5s hold ok bl65
1 a. brands ok vins) ; (3) viezv, opinion
(me3 rangri a.) ; (4) cat. pi. used as
adv., hversu var hann asynum, how
did he look?; gen. as adv., minna
asynar, apparently less.
a-syna (-da, -dr), v. to shew ;
d-synd, f.= asyn; asyndum = asyn-
um ; asyndar = asynar ; a-syniligr,
a. cofispicuous, stately ; a-synis, adv.
in appearance, to look at (fri3r d.) ;
a-synt, a. n. to be see?i, visible ; ef
eigi ver6r a., if no mark (of the blow)
can be seen ; ^at er d., it is evident.
d-soekni, f. aggressiveness.
at, n. (i) the act of eati?ig; eiga dt
ok drykkju vi3 e-n, to eat and dritik
with one ; kyr hafnaSi atinu, the cow
would not eat ; (2) food (at ok
drykkr).
ara, f. (i) eating; goSr iXM, good
eating; {1) food, meat; s^ hah hu3
ok atu, er atti, let the owner (of the
ox) have the hide and meat.
a-tak, n. (i) totich, touching; s\i.
ataks {to the touch) sem skinn ;
A-TALA
[39]
AVERKA-DREP
(2) firm hold or grasp ; ^tok ok
sviptingar, in wrestling.
a-tala, f. rebuke^ reprimand (veita
e-m atolur).
atan, n. eatable things proper food
(cf. 'uatan').
d-tekjur, f. pi. manner of taking a
thing (f>orsteini ox m66r vi6 atekjur
bans).
a-tekning, f. (i) touching', (2) the
sense of feeling ; d-tekt, f. (i) = atek-
jur ; (2) =dtekning (i).
dt-fdtt, a. n. short of food,
dt-frekr, a. greedy y voracious ;
girni, f. greediness of food.
atjdn, card. numb, eighteen.
atjandi, ord. numb, eighteenth.
atjan-sessa, f. a ship having eighteen
rowing benches.
a- trots, n., atrotSi, m. treading upon,
trampling (verda fyrir dtroSa).
atriinaSar-matSr, m. a believery a
worshipper.
d-triinatSr, m. belief in (drauma d.) ;
fom d,., the old {heathen) faith.
dtt, f. (l) family, race ; (2j quarter,
direction ; see ' aett '.
atta, card, numb., eight ; attandi,
ord. numb, eighth = i.X.l\, attundi.
dttar-auki, m. increase ofthefajnily ;
-mot, n. relationship ; -oexling, f.
propagation of kin.
dtta-tigir, m. pi., -tiu, card. numb.
e-ghty.
att-bogi, m. lineage,=^ ^\.ihog\.
dtt-fet5mingr, m. a fneasure of eight
fathoms {-feSmingr torfs).
att-hagi, m. one's native place,
one's home (i atthaga smum).
att-hjTTndr, a. eight-cornered,
octagonal.
dtti, ord. numb, the eighth (dtti
dagr Jola ; vi6 atta mann).
attj^n, card. numb, eighteen, the
older form = atjan.
att-leggr, m. = a£ttleggr ; -lera, a.
indecl. (regenerate.
att-m83lt, a. n. name of a metre, a
verse containing eight lines, each
being a separate sentence.
att-nit5jungr, -nic5r, -runnr, m.
kinsman, descendant.
att-roetSr, a. (i) eighty years of age ;
(2) measuring eighty fathoms, in
height, breadth, or depth.
dtt-Btafr, m. kins7nan., = ?eX\vs\^\.
dtt-strendr, a. octagonal.
dttugandi, ord. numb, eightieth.
dttungr, m. (i) the eighth part (a.
manna) ; (2) division of the country
(in some parts of Norway).
d,ttungr, m. kinsman, =ceXX.\r\g\.
dttungs-kirkja, f. a church belong-
ing to an 'dttungr' (in Norway).
att-visi, f. genealogical knowledge,
= cettvisi.
dtt-aeringr, m. eight-oared boat;
-aerr, a. of eight oars (skip attaert).
dtu-{)yfi, n. stolen eatables.
atolu-lauss, a. undisputed.
dvalt ( = of allt), adv. always.
a-vant, a. n. in the phrase, e-s er d.,
is wanted, needed (einnar m^r Freyju
a. J)ykkir).
d-vart5r, a. dear, acceptable, only of
man in relation to the gods (avarSir
goQunum ; dvarSr Gu5i).
a-varp, n. calculation (in round
numbers), opinion, estimate (at avarpi
flestra manna'.
d-vaxta (a(S), v. to make fertile or
productive', a. i€, to put out to
ijtterest ', refl., avaxtast, to iticrease\
avaxtast me6 J)orn ok klungr, to be-
come overgrown with.
dvaxta-lauss, a. (i) unproductive;
(2) fruitless, result less; -ligr, a.
profitable, useful {(t-m).
d-vaxtan, f. increase, augmentatioti.
dvaxtar-samligr, a. profitable ;
-samr, a. = avaxt-samr ; -timi, m.
the time of harvest.
avaxta-samr, a. = avaxtsamr.
dvaxt-lauss, a. iinfruitful ', -s'am.-
ligr, a. = avaxtar-samligr ; -sam.r, a.
profitable, fruitful.
d-van, f. faint expectation or hint ;
segja e-m avan e-s, to give one some
hint of a thing.
a-veitSr, f. river fishery.
d-verk, n. (i) bodily injury or
lesion, wound (veita, bj6c5a, e-m a.) ;
(2) unlawful use of another majis
land (as cutting trees in his forest).
dverka-bot, f. cojnpensation for an
dverki ; -drep, n. a stroke producing
AVERBLA.-MADII
[40]
BAK
^verki ; -mat5r, perpetrator of an
iverki ; -mal, n. an action concerning
averki.
a-verki, m. = averk.
6,-vi(5ris, adv. on the weather side of
(aviSris e-u = a ve6r e-u).
d-viljaSr, a, inclifted to, with inf.
d-vinna (see vinna), v. to gain,
make pro/it.
d-vinningr. m. (i) attainment', i
dvinning, at, in order to attain, that ;
(2) profit, gain.
d-vinnt, a. n. difficult, toilsome ; J)a
mun a. um soxin, then those in the
bow will be hard put to it.
d-vist, f. abode, residence ; Snorra
J)6tti betra dvistar i Hlid, Sfiorri
preferred living at Hillside.
d-vita, a, indecl., verSa e-s i.., to
become aware of a thing.
d-vitall or d-vitull, m. hint, inti-
mation, ifidication.
d-viti, a. = a vita.
d-viga, a. indecl., in phr., verSa
d. , to lose most people in a combat.
d-visa (aS), v. to point at, indicate.
d-visan, f. indication, intitnation.
d-vit, n. pi. reprifuand, rebuke ;
berja e-n avitum, to iipbraid one.
d-vita (ac5), v. to chide, rebuke {i.. e-n
um e-t).
dvita-laust, a. n. blameless.
avitan, f. rebuke, reprimand.
dvitanar-or$, n. word of blame.
dvita-orS, n. = avitanaror5 ; -sam-
ligr, a. blatneable.
dvit-samligr, a. = dvitasamligr ;
-samr, a. apt to blame, censorious.
d-vasni, n. = avdn.
d-voxtr. m. (i) produce, growth,
fruit ; (2) interest, rent ; (3) gain.
d-t)ekkr, a. similar (d,. e-mj.
d{)ettar-or(S, dt)6ttis-orcS, n. defama-
tory language, ifivective.
d-J)jd (see l)jd), v. to oppress.
d-{)jdn, f. oppression, harsh or
oppressive rule.
dJ)janar-ok, n. yoke of tyranny.
d-J)r8Btni, f. mutual strife.
d-J)yngd, f. exaction, oppression.
B
bat$, n. bath, esp. steam- or vapour-
bath (fara or ganga til bac;s, koma or
ba6i, ganga fra ba6i ; taka bad).
baSast (a$), v. refl., to take a bath,
to bathe.
batS-ferS, f. going to the bath (vera
i -fer6) ; um -ferSir, about the time
for bathing ; -kapa, f. bathing-cloak ;
-kona, {.female bathing attenda?it.
bat5mr, m. (i) t?'ee ; (2) boso7n.
bat5-stofa, f. bath-roo77i, bathing-
room ; in later times, sitting-room.
batSstofu-gluggr, m. opening [win-
dow) in the roof of a badstofa.
bagall, m. a bishop's staff, crozier.
bagal-stafr, m. = bagall.
baggi, m. pack, bundle.
baglatSr, a. crooked, deformed.
bak, n. (i) back (binda bagga i. b.
s^r) ; fig., bera sok a baki, to be
guilty ; leggja bleySiorS i. b. e-m, to
charge one with being a coward \
hafa marga vetr i. baki, to be advanced
i7i years ; sniia baki vi6, to turn the
back, flee ; ganga a b. heitum, orQum,
to go back on one's word; (2) =hest-
bak ; fara a b., to mount ; fara, stiga,
spretta af baki, to dismou7it ; (3) the
backside of a tlmtg (cf. handarbak,
hurSarbak, husbak) ; a baki husunum,
at the back of the houses ; g0ra e-t a
baki e-m, i7i one's absetice, behitid
one's back ; ri5a at baki e-m, behi7id
hi77i on the sa77ie horse ; berr er hverr
at baki nema ser broSur eigi, bare is
one's back without a brother behind
it ; a bak, {a) behind ; koma a b. e-m,
to attack in the rear ; {b) after ; a b.
jolum, after Christ77ias ; hvat sem a
b. kemr, whatever may co77ie after or
follow; (c) absol., falla d b. aptr, to
fall backwards ; brjota ^ b. or6 e-s,
to refute, make them null and void;
brjota i. b. Roroverja, to defeat them.
BAKA
[41)
BANA-IiAO
baka (atS), v. (i) to bake (b. brau5) ;
(2) to warm and rub the body and
limbs, at a large fire (see 'bakeldr') ;
esp. refl., bakast (vi3 eld) ; (3) to mb,
= strjuka; bakaSi Helgi fotinn, he
nibbed the [broken) leg.
bakan, n. baco7i (rare).
bakara-meistari, m. master-baker ;
-ofn, m. baker* s oven.
bakari, m. baker.
bak-bit, n. backbiting, slander ;
-bitari, m. backbiter, slanderer ;
-borSi. m. the larboard side of a ship,
port, opp. to * stjornborSi ' ; -bijota
(see brjota), v. to violate, — hr'joiz. i.
bak ; -byrtSingar, m. pi. the crew on
the larboard side, opp. to the ' stjorn-
byrSingar ' ; -byrSr, f. a burden to
carry on the back.
bakelda-g0rS, f . the action of making
a bakeldr, or the rubbing of the back
at a bakeldr.
bak-eldr, m. afire at which to bake
{warm a?td rub) the body and limbs
(sitja vi6 -elda).
bak-fall, n. {\) falling backwards,
esp. in pi., roa -folium, knyja irar
meQ storum -folium, to take long pulls
with the oars ; (2) attack in the rear,
= -slag ; veita e-m -fall, to attack in
the rear ; -fer$, f. tnounting on horse-
back ; -ferla (atS), v. to drive back,
annul, make void] -hlutr, m. the
hind part, backside ; -hold, n. pi. the
flesh on the back of cattle ; -hverfast
(tS), V. refl., to turn one's back upon
(vi6 e-3) ; -jarl, m. a foe attacking
in the rear.
bakka-kolfr, m. a kind of blunt-
headed arrow ; -stokkar, m. pi.
stocks on which a ship is built ; setja
fram af -stokkum, to launch.
bakki, m. (I) bank (of a river, lake,
chasm, &c.) ; (2) ridge, bank (hann
settist undir bakka i hrisrunni) ; 13)
a mound o?i which the target is set
up ; setja spdn i bakka, to set up a
target ; (4) bank of clouds above the
horizon ; (5) back of a knife or other
cutting instrument, opp. to '' ^'g%\
bak-kl 89(51, n. tapestry ; -lengja, f.
the back-strip of a hide ; -mdll,
-mdlugr, a. backbiting, slanderous ;
-msBla (-ta, -t), v. to backbite (-maela
e-m) ; -msBlgi, f., -maBli, n. back-
biting, slander.
bakmaelis-mat^r, m. cahimniator.
bak-rauf, f. anus, a nickname ;
■sdrr, a. having a sore back (of a
horse]
-setja (see setja), v. to
neglect, omit (-setja at gera e-t) ;
-skyrta, f. the hind part of a shirt ;
-slag, n., -sletta, f. attack in the rear,
= bakfall (2) ; -slettr, m. = baksletta ;
-stakkr, m. the hind part of a cloak ;
-stokkar, m. pl. = bakkastokkar.
bakstr (-rs), m. ( i ) baking', (2) baked
bread, esp. communion bread; (3)
poultice, fomentation ; (4) warming,
rubbing (of the body).
bakstr-brau^, n. baked bread \
-but5kr, m. a box i?i which the cam-
muni 071 bread was kept ; -eldr, m. (l )
= bakel d r ; ( 2 ) fire for m aking bread
(gera J)eir -elda stora til brauSs) ;
-bus, n. bakehouse ; -jarn, n. an iron
plate for baking com7nunion bread ;
-kona, f. fe77iale baker \ -ofn, m.
baking-oven ; -sveinn, m. baker boy.
bak-vana, a. indecl. having a sore
back (of horses) ; -verkr, m. pain in
the back ; -verpast (t), v. (i) to turn
away fr 0771, disregard (vi6 e-t or vi5
e-m) ; (2) tofiee before one (-verpast
vid sinum uvinum).
baldikin, n. baldaquin^ rich
brocade.
baldinn, a. untractable, unruly.
baldrast (at5), v. refl., to crowd
together in a confused thro7ig.
baldriSi, m. = ballri3i.
ball, m. grassy bank.
ballr, a. da7igerous, dire ; boll rd5,
fatal sche77ies ; ballir draumar, bad,
ill-boding drea77is ; boll J^ri, heavy
grief.
ballrast (atS), v. refl., = baldrast.
ball-riSi, m. poet., ^ bold rider*
hero (Freyr er beztr allra ballriSa).
balsamr, m. balsam.
bana (atS), v. to kill, with dat.
bana-bl6(S, n. blood shed in slayi7tg\
-dagr, m. day of death ; -drykkr, m.
banefil draicght, poison ; -doegr, n.
= -dagr; -hogg, n. death-blow (fa
-hogg ; vard l)at bans -hogg) ; -lag.
BANA-MADR
[42]
BARDAGA-FREST
n. stabbing to death ; -ma^r, m.
killer^ slayer \ -ort$, n. (i) tidings of
one's death (segja -or6 e-s) ; bera
-or6 af e-m, to slay one in fight ; (2)
death ; l^iggia -or3 af e-m, /^ be killed
by one ; kenna e-m -or6, to charge
with slaying o?te ; -ratS, n. planning
a person^ s death ; rdda or veita e-m
-ra3, to bring about one's death ; -sar,
n. death-woundy a mortal wound \
-skot, n. 7nortal shot ; -sott, f. death-
sickness^ mortal illness ; -spjot, n., in
the phrase, berast -spjot eptir, to be
deadly enemies ; -tilrae^i, n. mortal
attack (veita e-m -tilrseSi) ; -{)ufa, f.
a knoll that causes one*s death ; hniga
vi6 -J)ufu, to die ; drepa fotum vid
-J)ufu, to stumble against or over a
fatal knoll.
band, n. (i) the act of binding or
settling, opp. to Mausn'; fig., lausn
ok b. allra vandamala, the decision in
all difficult cases ; (2 ) band^ cord
(mj6tt b.) ; (3) in pi., {a) bonds,
fetters (hafae-n i bondum) ; {b) bond,
confederacy (ganga i bond ok ei6) ;
{c) poet., the gods, cf. ' hopt ' ; biota
bond, to worship the gods ; at mun
banda, at the will of the gods.
banda (aS), v. to make a sign by
waving the hafid \ b. i. moti fenu, to
drive away the sheep ; with dat., b.
hondum, to wave the hands.
banda-maSr, m. confederate, one
who is in league with others.
bandingi (-ja), m. prisoner.
band-vetlingr, m. a kind of glove.
bang, n. hammering', banga (a$),
V. to hammer, knock ; b. dyrr or a.
dyrr, to knock at the door.
bang-hagr, a. knowitig how to use
the haimner.
bani, m. (i) death; M (bi3a, hafa,
taka) bana, to die ; raSa ser bana, to
commit suicide ; leiSa e-n til bana, to
cause one^s death (of an illness) ;
kominn at bana, sitiking fast ', (2)
that which causes death, bane ; slayer
(fjogurra manna b.).
bann, n. (i) excot7i7nunication,
anathetna, interdict ; hit meira b , the
greater exc. ; hit minna b. {the lesser
exc.) J)at sem forbod er kallat i.
norroenu ; (2) prohibition, opp. to
' lof ' (hlySa bo6i ok banni e-s) ; leggja
b. fyrir e-t, to prohibit.
banna (atS), v. (ij to forbid, pro-
hibit (b. e-m e-t ^r with infin.) ; (2)
to curse (b. e-m) ; refl. bannast urn, to
swear (to do a thing).
bannaSar-orS, n. = bannanaror3.
bannan, f. curse, imprecation.
bannanar-orS, n. pi. = bannan.
bann-foera (-Sa, -$r), v. to place
Ufider the ban.
banns-atkvastSi, n. sentence of ex-
co7nmunication ; 'afelli, n., -domr,
m. = -atkvaec5i.
bann-setja (see setja), v. (i) to
place under the ban ; (2) to curse ;
-setning, f. exco7nmunication ; -sefct-
liga, adv. wickedly, -aettligr, a.
execrable, detestable ; -settr, pp. (l)
placed under the ban ; (2 i acciirsed.
banns-mal, n. a case liable to ex-
commu7iication ; -pina, l.punish77tent
of exco77wiunication ; -spjot, n. spear
of exco77i77iunication ; -verk, n. an
act liable to exco77i77iunication.
bann-syngja (see syngja), v. to
pro7iounce an anathe77ia agai7ist.
banns-sok, f. an offe7ice liable to
exco77im tniica tion.
ban-ortS, f. = banaorS ; -vaBnligr,
a. 7nortal, deadly', -vaenn, a. (i) =
-vsenligr (-vaent sar) ; {1) deadly sick ;
ok er dro at l)vi at hann var -vsenn,
when all hope of life was gone.
barar, f. pi. (i) hand-barrow,
stretcher (t>. var borinn i borum um
fjalJit) ; (2) funeral bier carried by
horses (moeddust hestarnir undir
borunum).
baratta, f. (i) co7itest, fighting', (2)
fight, battle.
barattu-fullr, a. C077ibative, fo7id of
fighti7ig ; -macSr, m. warrior ; -samr,
3.. given to fighti7ig.
barS, n. (I) beard (rare) ; (2) brim,
of a hat or helmet ; (3) the beak or
ar77ied prow of ships (of war), ste7n ;
roa fyrir b. e-m ( = r6a fyrir stafn e-m),
to thwart 07ie.
bartSa, f. a kind of axe.
bardaga-buinn, pp. ready for
battle ; -freat, n. delay of battle ;
BARDAGA-FULLR
[43]
BARREYSKR
-fuUr, a. = -gjarn ; -f^st, f. love of
combat ; -gjarn, a. eager for combat ;
-guts, m. god of ba^ttle ; -gytSja, f.
goddess of battle ; -lau3t, adv. ivithottt
battle ; -list, f. art of war ; -lykt, f.
the close of a battle ; -matSr, m.
warrior ; -atef . n., -stefna, f. a time
fixed for a battle,
bardagi, m. (i) beatings thrashing \
{2) fight ^ battle (heyja, eiga bardaga
vi6 e-n) ; (3) calamity^ scourge.
barS-hvalr, m. a sort of wliale.
bartSi, m. a sort of ship ^ ''ram*
barcS-mikill, a, with agreat'ha.r6' (3).
barir, f. pl. = barar (rare).
barka-kyli, n. Adam's apple.
barki, m. windpipe^ weazand.
barki, m. a sort of small boat^launch.
bark-lauss, a rvithout bark (borkr).
barlak, n. barley ^^h^^%.
barmi, m. poet,, brother.
barmr, m. bri7n, rim (of a vessel or
a steel cap).
barm-tog, n. a rope for hauling the
nets ashore.
barn, n. (i) bairn, child \ vera mefi
barni, to be with child \ ganga me6
barni, to go with child \ barns
hafandi or hafandi at barni, with
child, Pregna7it\ ixi. blautu barni,
from one' s tender years \ (2) =manns-
barn ; hvert b., every man, every
living soul.
barna (a^), v. to get with child.
barna-born, n. pi. grafid-children ;
-eldi, n. procreatio7i of children ;
-fcBri, n. in the phrase, ekki -fceri, no
task for children ; -gaman. n. child's
play ; -karl, m. children's friend.
barn-aldr, m. = barnsaldr.
barna-leikr, m. child's play.
,barn-alinn, pp. 7iative ; -alinn a
Islandi, a native of Icehuid.
barna-n^al, n. childish affair \ gera
e-t at -malum, to treat as a trifle,
trifle with \ -messa, f. Holy hino-
cents* Day ; -skap, n. childish tem-
per ; hafa ekki -skap, to be no baby ;
-vipr, n. childish trifles, gewgaws ;
-J)attr, m. the section of law concern-
ing infants.
barn-beri, a. with child, pregnant ;
-burtSr, m. childbirth ; -baarr, a.
capable of bearing children, opp. to
' ubyrjj
■domr, m. childhood ;
-eign, f. (i) gettifig or havijig chil-
dren; (2) children, fai) lily (furc5u ilia
-eign gat Loki) ; -etskja, f. childhood,
= barnoeska ; -fab'ir, m. a child's
alleged father ; -f ostr, n. fostering of
a child (a kind of adoption in olden
times) ; bj6c3a e-m -fostr, to offer to
do this for another man ; -fostra, f.
foster-7?iother ; -fostri, m. foster-
father; -fulga, f. pay for the main-
tena?ice of a child; -foeddr, pp.=
-alinn ; borinn ok -foeddr, born and
bred ; -foe^i, n. native place, birthplace
(eiga -foe6i e-s staSar) ; -getnaSr, m.
( l) procreation of children ; (2) preg-
nancy (hon hafdi fengit -getnad af
J)eirra samvistu) ; -goelur, f. pi.
nursery songs, lullabies.
barningr, m. thrashi?ig, see Mama-
barningr '.
barn-lauss, a childless ; -leikr, m.
= barnaleikr ; -leysi, n. childlessness ;
-ligr, a. childish, childlike.
barns-aldr, m. (time of) childhood
(nykominn af -aldri) ; -bein, n., in
the phrase, fra {or af) blautu -beini,
fro7n childhocd; -full,, ^.{.pregnant ;
-fylg-ja f. ///<?<3//c'r-^/r/^, = eptirburc3r ;
-gratr, m. the cryi?ig of a baby ;
-hufa, f. child's cap.
barn-skikkja, f. chilifs cloak;
-skirn, f. christening of an infant ;
-skirnar-or5, n. pi. words used i7i
christening, baptis77ial for77tula.
barn-soLt, f. pains, throes of child-
birth (taka -sott) ; -acBll, 2.. fortu7iate
in one's children ; -s8Bng, f. childbed;
-teitr, a. glad as a child; -ungr, a.
very yoti7zg, youthftl ; -umagi, m.,
-umeg^, f, (see these words) ; -oeska,
f. childhood (brad er barnoeska).
barr, n. (i) acicular leaves, needles
of the fir or pine (wrongly applied
by Snorri, who speaks of the 'barr'
of the ash) ; (2) ba7'ley.
barr-axla^r, a. high-shouldered,
with sharp ,pro77ii7ient shotilder bones ,
-hadda^r, a. poet,, barley-haired (of
the earth).
Barrey&kr, a. from Barra (in the
Hebrides).
BAKR-SKEPTR
[44]
bAg-radr
barr-skeptr, a. high-shafted^ of an
axe (breiSox barrskept).
barr-vitSr, m. pine-forest ; the wood
of the fir.
bar-8mit5, f. (l) thrashing^ floggings
(2) in ^\.,fght, row.
barun (pi. barunar), m. baron.
bar-vi§ri, n. beating stor7n^ violent
blasts (b. ok regn mikit).
bassi, m. bear, = \t^x'=\.
bast, n. (i) bast^ the inner bark of
the lifne-tree (bleikr sem b.) ; (2) cord
or string of bast (sd. peir d b. bauga
dregna).
basta (ao), v. to bind with a rope of
bast (ubastadr ok ubundinn).
bastarSr, m. bastard.
bastari, m. bastrope-maker.
bast-bleikr, 2., pale as <^rtj/ ( = bleikr
sem b.) ; -lina, f. cord of bast ; -taug,
f. rope or cord of bast ; -vesall, a. =
-bleikr ; -0x, f. a kind of axe.
bati, m. i7nprove7?te7Zt, advantage.
batna (atS), v. (i) to i?nprove, get
better \ (2) impers., e-m batnar, one
recovers (after sickness) ; the disease
is added in gen. (e-m batnar sins
meins, sjukleika).
batnaor (gen. -ar), m. improve-
ment (berja e-n til batnaQar).
bauga-brot, n. fragments of rings
('given in payment) ; -tal, n. enumera-
tion of ''rings'' (baugar), the section
of law dealing with weregilds.
baug-bot, f. supplemental payi7ient
to the ' baugr ' (baugt)ak, Jjveiti) ;
-broti, m. ^ ring-breaker \ free-handed
man ; -boetandi (pi. -endr), m. ofie
who has to pay the weregild (baugr) ;
-eitSr, m. the oath upon the sacred
temple ring ; -gildi, n. ( i ) the * were-
gild^ to be paid to the * agnates ' of the
slainy opp. to ' nefgildi ', the satne
amount to be paid to the ^cognates' ;
(2) agnatic relationship.
baug-gildingr, m. = next.
bauggildia-matSr, m., usually pi.
-menn, agnates who are bound to pay
or receive the ' bauggildi '.
baug-gildr, a. payable, fit to pay
as ' bauggildi ' (-gildr eyrir, -gilt le).
baugr (-S, -ar), m. (i) ring^ artnlet
(of gold or silver) worn on the wrist,
esp. the sacred ring (stallahringr) on
the altar in heathen temples, cf.
' baugei6r ' ; (2) in olden times, before
minted gold or silver came into use,
such rings were commonly used as a
medium of payment; hence 'baugr*
simply means money ; (3) fine of
varying aniount for ma7i slaughter.,
weregild \ (4) gaff-hookt (5) in the
phrase, eiga (kost) i. baugi, to have a
\si7igle) chance left ; ef sa vaeri i
baugi, if there were 710 other chance ;
J)u munt eiga slikan i. baugi bratt,
thou wilt soon have the very sa7ne
cha7ice or lot (viz. death) ; (6) the
painted circle on a round shield.
baug-rygr (-rygjar, -rygir), f. an
only daiighter e7ititled to receive and
pay weregild.
baugs-helgr, f. perso7ial sacredness
(so that one's death must be atoned
for by a weregild).
baug-variSr, pp. adorned with
ri7tgs \ -J)ak, n. ^ ring-coveri7!g\
suppie7nental pay7nent to be added to
the ' baugr ' (3) ; at -|5aki, fig., in addi-
tion, to boot] -l)igejandi (-endr), m.
receiver of weregild.
bauka (at5), v. to dig^ to ru77i77iage.
baula, f. coiv ; baulu-fall, n. the
carcase of a slaughtered cow ; -fotr,
m. cow* s foot ., a nickname.
baun (pi. -ir), f. bea7i ; bauna-logr,
m. bea7t-b7'oth.
bauta, V. beat, chase ? (svd bautu ver
bjornuna).
bautaSar-, bautar- or bauta-
steinn, m. sto7ie 7no7iU7ne7it, 7ne7norial
stone (reisa, setja bautastein).
baztr, a. superl., = beztr.
ba^ir (baSar, bssSi, gen. begg'ja),
a. both (ba6ir tveir).
bagi, m. poet., adversa7y.
bagr, a. uneasy, awkwa7'd (verQr
honum nu bag hondin) ; bagt var
mjok um vc\?iCQ]2it'g\x, provisions were
very sca7'ce.
bagr, m. contest, 7'esistance, in such
phrases as, brjota bdg vi6 e-n, to con-
tend agai7ist, ofifer resistance to ; f6r i
bd!g me6 peim, a conflict arose between
the77i; they quarrelled.
bag-rdSr, a. difi[icult to deal with.
BAG-R^KE.
[45]
BEINIR
opp. to ' au6-ra(3r ' ; -reBkr, a. dijficiilt
to drive (of geese).
bakn, n. beaco?i, signal.
bdkna (ac5), v. to beckon, make
signs (t>eir bdknudu vdpnunum til
{)eirra Hakonar).
bal. n. (i ) Jire ; sld, b. = drepa eld ;
(2) /lame, blaze ; gera b., to make a
blaze ; (3) pyre, funeral pile ; bera
e-n i,\i.,to carry to the pyre ; stiga a
b., to mount the Pyre.
bdl-for, {.funeral.
balkr, m. (i) partition, balk (b. um
J)veran hellinn) ; (2) section in a code
of laws ; (3) body, group, host.
bara, f. zuave, billow ; vant er at
sigla milli skers ok baru, between
Scylla and Charybdis.
bara (a5), v. to fall and rise in
waves (vatnit hroerdist mjok ok
baraQi).
barottr, a. undulated, wavy (hauss-
inn var allr b. utan sem horpuskel).
bar-stort, a. n., var -stort, the waves
ra?i high.
baru-fall, n. heavy sea ; -skot, n.
swell; 'StovvoLV.v[\.sfor?n with heavy
sea', -st6r'= bar-stort.
basa (a5), v. to drive into a stall,
with dat. = bassa.
bas-hella, f. a flag-stone separating
two stalls in a cowhouse.
bass^ m. boose or stall in a cow-
house (binda ku a bas).
bdaun, m. bassoon (for. word),
bat-festr, f. a rope by which a boat
is made fast \ -lauss a. having no
boat ; -leysi, n. want of a biat ;
-ma§r, m. boatinan.
batr (-8, -arj, m. boat ; sja fyrir bati
sinum, to go one's own course, to mind
one's own business.
bdts-borS. n. the side of a boat ;
-farmr, m. boafs freight ; -haki, m.
boat-hook.
bdt-stafn, m. boafs prow.
betSja f. poet., bed-fellow, wife.
bet^-mal, n. pi. bed-talk.
beSr (-jar -ir), m. bolster, bedding;
ganga a bc6 e-m, to go to bed with
one, to mar^y.
beiSa (-dda, -ddr), v. to ask, beg,
request ; b. e-n e-s, or b. e-m {/or
one) e-s ; b. e-s af e-m, to ask a thing
of or from a person ; b. e-n mals,
orda, to address one ; with ace, b.
logbeifling, to make a lawful request ;
reri., beiSast, to request on one's own
behalf (b. laga, griSa) ; beiddr. pp
unwilling, reluctant (b. for ek heiman
at bifija J)in, Gu6run).
bei(5ing, f., beitSni, f., beiSsla, f.
request, de?nand.
bei$^slu-m.a$r, m. a person asking.
beimar, m. pi. poet., men, heroes.
bein, n. (i) bone; lata med beini
ganga, to deal blows to the very bo?te,
give no quarter ; hafa b. i hendi, to
be well off; (2) /^^, = f6tleggr ; (3) pi.
fnortal remai?is ; bera bein or beinin,
to be buried (her mun ek b. bera i.
Islandi).
beina (-da, -dr), v. (i) to stretch
out, put into motion ; b. Aug, to
stretch the wings for fight ; b. skri6
sinn, to cretp, of a serpent ; b. raust-
ina, to raise the voice, speak aloud ;
(2) to further, promote; b. for (ferS)
e-s, to help one forwards ; b. at or til
me5 e-m, to lend one help, to assist
one ; b. e-u til e-s, to contribute to a
thing ; b. at e-u, to lend a hand to ;
b. fyrir e-m, to support, entertain,
beina-, gen, pi. from ' bein ' and gen.
sing, from ' beini '.
beina-bot, f. accommodation, comfort
for guests.
beina-foersla, f. removal of bones
(from one churchyard to another);
-hruga, f. heap of bones ; -lag, n.
burying of one's bones, death.
beina-spell, n. spoiling the co?nfori
of guests ; -^urfi, a. in need of
hospitable treat)nent.
bein-brjota (see brjota), v. to break
one's bones ; -brot, n. fracture of a
bone ; -fastr, a., -fast sar, a wound
to the bo7ie ; -fiskr, m. a kind of
fish ; -groinn, pp. grown fast to the
bone ; -hogg, n. a blow injuring the
bone (svoSusar ok eigi beinhogg).
beini, m. (i) help, benefit; (2) esp.
hospitable eyitertaininent, hospitality
(vinna, veita e-m beina) ; ganga um
beina, to wait upon the guests.
beinir, m.= beini (l).
BEINI-SAMR
[46]
BEKKR
"beini-samr, a. ready {willing) to
help ; -semi, f. readiness to help.
bein-kntita, f. joint-bone ; -kross,
m. cross of bo?ie ; -lauss, a. boneless,
without bones.
bein-leitSis, adv. straight, directly.
bein-leiki, m. hospitable treatment,
hospitality, = bein i (2 ) .
beinn, a. (1) straight \ bein rds,
straight course ; beinstr vegr, the
straightest {shortest) way ; (2) hospit-
able (bondi var beinn vi3 \>i.) ; gera
beint vi6 e-n, to treat one kindly.
-beinn, a. -legged (berbeinn, bare-
legged', digrbeinn, thick-legged).
beinn, m. a kind of tree ^ ebony f
bein-skeyti, f. straight shooting,
viarksmanship ; -skeytr, a. straight-
shooting, a good shot.
beins-litr, m. colour of a bone.
bein-storr, a. big-boned (ma3r
mikill ok beinstorr).
beint, adv. (i) straight, in a straight
line, straight on ; (2) just (^at kom
mix b. 1 hug) ; b. sex tigir ski pa,
precisely sixty ships ; nu b., just now ;
J)d b., b. i J)essu,y^^-f/ then.
bein-verkir, m. pi. pain in the legs.
bein-vitSr, m. holly.
bein-voxtr, m. bone-growth, size
of bones (litill beinvoxtum).
beiska, f. bitterness, sourness.
beiska (aS), v. to embitter.
beisk-leikr, m. bitte^'ness, harsh-
ness \ -liga, adv. bitterly (grd,ta -liga) ;
-ligr, a. bitterish ; -lunda6r, a. bitter-
hearted, malevolent.
beiskr, a. (i) bitter, acrid (b.
drykkr) ; (2) exasperated, a7igry (hon
var6 beisk vi6j ; (3) painful^ sore
(beiskr bruni).
beit, f. pasturage, pasture.
beit, f. a plate of metal mounted on
the brim (of a thing).
beit, n. poet., ship.
beita, f. bait, esp. for fish.
beita (-tta, -ttr), v. (i) to 'cause to
bite ', graze, with the animals in dat.
(b. nautum), the pasture in ace. (b.
haga, land, engi) ; absol. to pasture
cattle (b. i skogi) ; b. upp land, to
exhaust by grazing ; b. upp (to con-
sume) engjum ok heyjum ; (2) to
handle, use a weapon (b. sverSi) ;
(3) to hunt or chase (with dogs or
hawks) ; b. e-n hundum, to set dogs oti
one ; (4) fig., b. e-n brogSum, lilogum,
illu, to deal cimningly, tmlawfully,
badly with one ; recipr., vi6 hofum
opt brogdum beizt, schemed against
each other', (5) to harness (a horse,
&c.) to a vehicle (b. hest fyrir vagn) ;
beittu enn blakka mar, saddle thy
black steed ; fig., b. e-n fyrir e-t, to put
one at the head of', refl., beitast fyrir
e-t or e-u, to lead the cause ; (6) to
furnish {a vehicle) with horses (vagn
at b.) ; (7) to steer or sail near the
wind, to cruise (beita J)eir 1 brott frd.
landinu) ; fengu J^eir beitt fyrir Skot-
land, they weathered S,
beit-fiskr, m.fsh to be caught with
bait? (al. ' beinfiskr.')
beiti, n. pasturage.
beiti-dss, m. sail-yard.
beiting, f. (i) grazing; (2) sailing
by the wifid (cf. J)rd-beiting).
beitinga-mdl, n. a lawsuit about
right of grazing or pasturage.
beittr, a. sharp, keen (of cutting
instruments).
beizl, n. bridle ; leggja b. vi5 hest,
to bridle a horse.
beizla (at5), v. to bridle,
beizla. f. = bei6sla.
beizl-al, f. bridle-rein ; -hringr, m.
bridle-ring', -tamr, a. used to the
bridle ; -taumr, m. bridle-rein.
beizlu-ma(5r, m. = bei5sluma3r.
bejur, bcBJur, f. pi. fetters, irons
(foreign word).
bekkjar-g-jof, f. 'bench-gift'' (a gift
which the bridegroom oftered to the
bride at the wedding festival).
bekhjar-kvern, f. water-mill.
bekkjast (t), v. refl. /^ strive to get
a thing (b. til e-s) ; b. til vi6 e-n, to
pick a quarrel with one.
bekkju-nautr, m. bench-fellow.
bekk-klasSi, n. covering of a bench.
bekkr (gen. -s or -jar, pi. -ir), m.
bench ; oeBri b., the upper bench (along
the north side of the hall, looking
towards the sun) ; uoeQri b., the lower
(inferior) bench (along the southern
side) ; breiSa, strd bekki, to cover.
BBKKR
[47]
BERA
strew the benches (in preparation for
a feast or wedding).
bekkr (gen. -s or -jar, pi. -ir), m.
beck^ brook (poet.).
bekk-skrautuSr, m. adorner {orna-
ment) of the bench (poet.).
bekri, m. ratn ; brjota bekrann, to
break one's neck (rare).
belg-flattr, vs\. flaying or taking off
the skin of an animal entire (fla
hafrana -flastti).
belgja (-5a, -5r), v. to inflate, puff
out (b. hv^pta, augun).
belgr (gen. -a or -jar, pi. -ir), m. (i)
the skifi (of a quadruped) taken off
whole (cf. kalfsbelgr, kattbelgr, hafr-
belgr, otrbelgr) ; (2) skin-bag^ skin-
case (draga belg a or yfir hofuS e-m) ;
(3) bellows (smidju-belgr).
belja (aS), v. to bellow (b. sem naut).
beljan, f. bellozving, lowing.
bella (bell, ball, — ), v. to hit, hurt,
with dat. (ball per nu .?) ; ekki vsxi.
ofeigum b., one not fated to die is
proof against all shots.
bella (-da, -t), v. to dare, venture,
with dat. ; (hverr mun hafa J)essu
bellt ?) ; to deal in, display (bella
svikum, lygi, gleSi).
belli-bragS, n. knavish trick,
bellinn, a. tricky, trickish.
bell-visi, f. trickishness.
belta-drattr, m. a close strtcggle.
belti, n. belt (cf. gjorS, lindi).
beltis-puss, m. a pouch attached to
the belt ; -stat5r, m. waist.
ben (-jar, -jar), f. (i) mortal wound
(ben, ef at bana verdr) ; (2) small
bleeding wound', also of the wound
produced by letting blood.
ben, n. wound=hen, f.
benda (-nda, -ndr), v. to beckon,
make a sign with the head or hand
(b. e-m til sin, at fylgja ser) ; with
ace, b. e-t fyrir, to forebode, betoken.
benda (-nda, -ndr), v. to bend (b.
sverd um kne ser) ; b. boga, to bend
a bow ; b. hofu6it, to bow the head ;
refl., bendast a um e-t, to dispute,
contest about.
benda, f band, tie (cf. hofuSbenda).
bendi, n. cord.
bendill, m. small cord, string.
bending, f. (i) sign, token; gera
e-m bending, to make a sign to one ;
(2) foreboding, betokeni?ig (vist era
J)etta bendingar storra bardaga).
bendr, pp. bended, bent (skjota af
bendum boga).
benja (aS), v. to wound mortally
(brodur minn hefr pii benjadan).
benja-lyaing, i. a sort of coroner's
inquest upon a slain man ; -vattr. m.
a sort of coroner' s juryman ; -vastti, n.
the verdict of a benjavattr.
ben-lauas, a. free fro?n wounds ;
-logi, m. poet. * wound-flame ', sword ;
-rogn, n. * wound-drops ' ; -vondr,
m. poet. ' wound-wand ', sword.
benzl, n. pi. bent state of a bow ;
taka boga af benzl um, to unbend it.
ber (gen. pi. beija), n. berry.
bera (ber ; bar, barum ; borinn),
V. I. if) to bear, carry, convey (bar
B. biskup f borum su5r i Hvamm) ;
b. (farm) af skipi, to unload a ship ;
b. (mat) af borSi, to take {the fneat) off
the table', b. e-t a hesti, to carry on
horseback ; (2) to wear (b. klaeSi,
v^pn, koronu) ; b. cegishjalm, to in-
spire fear arid awe ; (3) /^ bear, pro-
duce, yield (jorSin berr gras ; tre
bera aldin, epli) ; (4) to bear, give
birth to, esp. of sheep and cows ; kyr
hafdi borit kalf, had calved', absol.,
vdn at hon mundi bera, that the cow
would calve ; the pp. is used of men ;
hann haf6i verit blindr borinn, borti
blind ; verSa borinn i J)enna heim, to
be born into this world; J)ann soma,
sem ek em til borinn, born to ; borinn
e-m, fra e-m (rare), born of', Nott
var Norvi borin, was the daughter of
N. ; borinn Sigmundi, son of S. ; (5)
b. e-n afli, ofrafli, ofrlidi, ofrmagni,
ofriki, to bear one down, overcome,
oppress, one by odds or superior force ;
b. e-n raSum, to overrule one ; b. e-n
malum, to bear one down {wrong ully)
ifi a lawsuit', b. e-n sok, to charge
one with a fault; b. e-n bjori, to
make drunk with beer', verda br^Sum
borinn, to be taken by surprise ;
borinn verkjum, overcome by pains ;
J)ess er borin van, there is no hope^
all hope is gone ; borinn baugum,
BERA
[48]
BERA
bribed ; cf. bera fe a e-n, to bribe one ;
(6) to lear^ be capable of bearing (of a
ship, horse, vehicle) ; t>eir hlodu basQi
skipin sem bor6 baru, with as much
as they could carry ; fig., to sustain^
support (svd mikill mannfjoldi, at
landit fekk eigi borit) ; of persons, to
bear up agaittst^ endure, support
(grief, sorrow, Sic.) ; absol., bar hann
drengiliga, he tore it fuanfully ;
similarly, b. (harm) af se'r, berast vel
(ilia, litt) af ; bar hon skoruliga af ser,
she bore up bravely ; hversu berst
Au6r af um br66urdau6ann, how does
she bear it ? hon berst af litt, she is
much cast down ; b. sik vel upp, to
bear well up against \ (7) b. e-t ^
e-n, d hendr e-m, to charge or tax
one with (eigi erum ver J)ess valdir,
er l)u berr a oss) ; b. (kvi5) a e-n, to
give a verdict against, declare guilty
(i annat sinn bd.ru peir d, Flosa kvi3-
inn) ; b. af e-m (kviQinn), to give a
verdict for ; b. e-t af ser, to deny
having done a thing ; b. or b. vitni,
vaetti, to bear witness, testify ; b. or
b. um e-t, to give a verdict in a case ;
b. e-n sannan at sok, to prove one
guilty by evidence ; b. e-n undan sok,
io acquit ; b, i sundr fraendsemi Jjeirra,
to prove [by evidence) that they are
not relations ; b. e-m vel (ilia) soguna,
to give a favourable {unfavourable)
account of one ', refl. (pass.), berast, to
be proved by evidence (t)6tt J)er berist
l^at faSerni, er J)u segir; ; (8) /^ set
forth, report, tell ; b. e-mkvefiju (ord,
orSsending), to bring one a greeting,
coTHpliments {word, message) ; b. or
b. fram erindi sin fyrir e-n, to state
{tell) one's errand or to plead one^s case
before one ; b. e-m njosn, to apprise
one ; b. e-t upp, to produce, 7nen-
iion, tell; b. upp gdtu, to give {pro-
pound) a riddle ; b. upp erindi sin, to
state one's errand', b. saman ra6 sin,
to consult together ; eyddist J3a6 ra6,
er J)eir baru saman, which they had
designed ; (9) to keep, hold, bear, of a
title (b. jarlsnafn, konungsnafn) ; b.
(eigi) giptu, gaefu, hamingju, au3nu
til e-s, {not) to have the good fortune
to do a thing (bar hann enga gcefu til
at Jjjona {)er) ; b. vit, skyn, kunndttu
d e-t, to have knowledge of, under-
standing about ; vel viti borinn, en-
dowed with a good understanding;
b. hug, arasSi, {Dor, traust til e-s, to
have cou7age, confidence to do a thing ;
b. d,hyggju fyrir e-u, to be co7icerned
ahoiit ; b. ast, elsku, hatr til e-s, to
bear affection, love, hatred to', {10) to
bear off or away, carry off (some
gain) ; b. sigr af e-m, af e-u, to carry
off the victory from or in ; hann
hafSi borit sigr af tveim orustum, he
had been victorious in two battles ;
b. hserra (lasgra) hlut, to get the best
{the worst) of it', b. efra (hasrra)
skjold, to gai?t the victory ; b. hdtt
(lagt) hofuSit, to bear the head high
{low), to be in high {low) spirits ; b.
halann bratt, lagt, to cock up or let
fall the tail, to be in high or low
spirits ; (11) with preps. ; b. af e-m,
to surpass ; en })6 bar BoUi af, sur-
passed all the rest ; b. af sdr hogg,
lag, to ward off, parry a blow or
thrust', b. eld at, to set fire to-, b.
fjotur (bond) at e-m, to put fetters
[bonds) on one', b. vdpn d e-n, to
attack one with sharp weapofis ; b. a
or f, to smear, anoint (b. vatn i augu
ser, b. tjoru i hofu3 ser) ; b. e-t til, to
apply to, try if it fits (b. til hvern
lykil af o3rum at portinu) ; b. e-t um,
to wind round', {)a bar hann pd, festi
um sik, made it fast roimd his body ;
b. um me3 e-m, to bear with, have
patiefice with ; b. ut barn, to expose a
child', (12) refl., berast mikit (litit) d,
to bear oneself proudly {hiujibly) ;
lata af b., to die ; Idta fyrir b. e-s
staSar, to stay, retnain in a place (for
shelter) ; b. e-t fyrir, to design a thing
(barst hann f)at fyrir at sja aldregi
konur) ; at njosna um, hvat hann
baerist fyrir, to inquire into what he
was about ; b. vapn i., to attack one
another ; b. at or til, to happen ; J)at
barst at {happened ) 2<.€\n\i\Qx]w sumri ;
ef svd, harSiiga kann til at b., if that
misfortu?ie does happen ; b. i moti, to
happen, occur ; hetir |)etta vel i moti
borizt, it is a happy coincidence ; b.
vi9, to bf prevented ; ok ni'j let almit-
BERA
[49]
BERQISAMLIGR
tugr gu5 vi3 b. kirkjubrunann, pre-
venteci, stopped the burning of the
churchy Il.impers., denoting a sort
of passive or involuntary motion ; (i)
with ace, it bears or carries one to
a place \ alia berr at sama brunni, all
come to the same ivell [end) ; bar
hann (ace.) J)a ofan gegnt Osuri, he
happened to co>ne down Just opposite
to O. ; esp. of ships and sailors ; berr
OSS (ace.) til Islands ec5a annarra
landa, we drift to Iceland or other
coimtries \ J)a ^acc.» bar su6r i haf,
they were carried out southwards ;
Skarphe5in (ace.) bar nu at t)eim, S,
cajne suddenly upon them ; ef hann
(ace.) skyldi bera l^ar at, if he should
happen to come there ; e-n berr yfir,
07ie is borne onwards^ of a bird flying,
a man riding ; hann (ace.) bar skjott
yfir, it passed quickly (of a flying
meteor) ; (2) followed by preps. ;
Gunnar ser, at raucJan kyrtil bar vi5
glugginn, that a red kirtle passed
before the window ; hvergi bar skugga
(ace.) a, there was nowhere a shadow ;
e-t berr fram (hatt), is pro?ninent \
Olafr konungr st63 1 lyptingu ok bar
hann (ace.) hatt mjok, stood out con-
spicuously ; e-t berr ^ milli, comes
between ; leiti (ace.) bar d milli, a
hill hid the prospect ; fig., e-m berr
e-t i milli, they are at variance about
a thing \ mart (ace.) berr mi fyrir
augu mer, many things come now be-
fore my eyes ; veiQi (ace.) berr i hendr
^-m., game falls to one's lot ; e-t berr
undan, goes amiss^ fails ; b. saman,
to coincide ; bnr nofn t»eirra saman,
they had the same na?ne ; fig., with
dat. ; bar ollum sogum vel saman,
all the stories agreed well together ;
fund vim bar saman, we met ; (3) b.
at, til, vi6, at hendi, til handa, to
befall, happen, with dat. of the per-
son ; sva bar at einn vetr, it happened
one winter', J)6 at J)etta vandraeSi
(ace.) hafi nu borit oss (dat.) at hendi,
has befallen us ; bar honum sva til, it
so befell him ; J^at bar vi6 {it so
happened), at Hogni kom ; raun (ace.)
berr d, it is proved by fact \ (4) of
time, to fall upon ; ef ^ing (ace.) berr
i. hina helgu viku, tf the parliament
falls in the holy week ; b. i moti, /^
coincide, happen exactly at the same
time ; (5) denoting cause ; e-t berr
til, causes a thing-, konungr spurSi,
hvat til bicri ligledi bans, what was
the cause of his grief ', aetluSu pat j^a
allir, at {jat munii til b., that that
was the reason ; berr e-m nau(5syn til
e-s, one is obliged to do a thing; (6)
e-t berr undir ^-n, falls to a person's
lot ; hon a arf at taka, J)egar er undir
hana berr, in her turn ; e-t berr fra,
is surpassing; er sagt, at {)at (ace.)
basri Ira, hve vel JDeir maeltu, // was
extraordinary ho7u well they spoke ;
(7) e-t berr braSum, happe?is of a
sudden ; e-t berr storu, storum (stoer-
rum), it amounts to much {more), it
matters a great deal {more\ it is of
great {greater) important e; (8) absol.
or with an adv., vel, ilia, with infin. ;
e-m berr (vel, ilia) at gera e-t, it be-
comes, beseeins one [well, ill) to do a
thing (berr y6r vel, herra, at sja
sannindi i. J)essu mali) ; used absol.,
berr vel, ilia, it is beseeming, proper,
ft, or unbeseeming, improper, unfit
(pat pykkir eigi ilia b., at).
bera (aS), v. to make bare (hon
beradi likam sinn).
bera, f. she-bear,=^\)\m2t..
ber-bakt, adv. bare-backed, without
saddle (riSa -bakt) ; -beinn, a. bare-
legged; -brynjaSr, a. wearing a coat
of mail with no garment over it ;
-dreymr, a. having clear drea7ns as
to the future.
ber-tjall, n. bear-skin (ef. 'bera').
ber-foettr, a. bar-e-footed, bare-
legged; berfoettr br66ir, bare-footed
friar, minorite.
berg, n. (i) rock, boulder; (2) cliff,
precipice (framan 1 bergi).
berg-bui, m. rock-dweller, giant;
-danir, m. pl. = -buar; -hamarr, m.
rocky precipice ; -hlitS, f. the side of a
berg, mountain slope ; -hogg, n. a
quarrying tool.
bergi-biti, m. a bit to taste, small
bit ; -ligr, a. ifiviting to taste.
berging, f. tasting, taste.
bergisamligr, a. =bergiligr.
BBRQJA
[50]
BESTI
bergja (-5a, -tJr), v. to taste ^ with
dat. ; {>6rgunna vildi 0ngum mat b.,
Th. ivoicld taste no food ; b. oivi, to
taste {drink) ale ; b. dau3a, to taste
death ; also b. i. e-u (enn hofum vi5
eigi i. dau3a bergt).
bergning, f. = berging (rare).
berg-nos, f. = bergsnos; -rifa, f.
fissure in a r^^/^, = bjargrifa ; -risi, m.
hill-giant ; -skor, f. rift in a rocky
hill, = bjargskora ; -snos, f. a rocky
projection ; -tollr, m. rock-toll, paid
for catching fowl thereon ; -vor3r,
m. a watch or lookout for rocks and
cliffs (halda bergvorS).
ber-hofSi, a. indecl. bare-headed \
-hogg, n. in the phrase, ganga i {or d)
-hogg vi6 e-n, to enter into open fight
with ; Joan gekk i. berhogg at banna
allar pasr uhcefur, interdicted these
abuses boldly and openly.
berill, m. vessel, barrel for fluids
(mjoSrinn var borinn i berlum).
berindis, adv. ope7ily (rare).
berja (ber ; baroa, bortSum ; bartSr,
baritSr), v. (i) to beat, strike, smite
(b. e-n) ; hdr sva fagrt sem barit
gull, as beaten gold ; b. korn af hjilmi,
to thresh ; b. hu6 af e-m, to scourge
severely ; b. e-n grjoti, to stone
(=gryta) ; b. e-n illyrSum, dvitum, to
abuse, reproach one ; b. i. e-m, to
attack one with blows, give one a
thrashing ; b. i. hurS, dyrr, at hurSu,
at dyruni, to knock, rap at a door', b.
s^r i. brjost, to smite one' s breast (in
repentance) ; b. til e-s = b. i. e-m ; b.
e-n til e-s, to drive one with blows to
do a thing (verSa barSr til boekr) ;
(2) with dat,, b. grjoti i andlit e-m, to
throw stones in one's face ; b, saman
vapnum, skjoldum, to dash weapons,
shields agaitist each other ; b. {to
neglect, slight) gu3s bo6um ; b. e-u
niSr (opp. to Ijosta e-u upp), to hush
up ; (3) intrans., hjarta bans barSi
(beat, throbbed) undir siSunni ; (4)
impers., skyjagrjoti barSi 1 augu
J)eim, hailstones dashed in their eyes ;
l)eim barSi saman, they dashed
against each other', (5) refl., berjast,
to fight (vi5 e-n, with or against a
person : vid ve5r, against bad weather ;
vid e-m, for a person) ; b. i. e-t, to
assail, attack (b. a borgina, d gu5s
lyS) ; pott hann berdist lengi mot
{offered resistance).
berja-vin, n. berry-wine.
berkja (-ta, -t), v. to boast, brag.
ber-kyrtla?$r, a. wearing the kirtle
only, without cloak or fnantle ;
-leggjatSr, -leggr, a. bare- 1 egged;
-liga, adv. (i) openly, barely; {2)
quite, altogether (berliga uviljandi) ;
-ligr, a. open, manifest, clear.
berlinga-ass, m. pole (-ass digr
J)rettdn alna langr).
ber-malugr, a. outspoken ; -maslgi,
{., -masli, n. pi. outspokenness, frank-
ness; -msBltr, a. = -malugr.
bernska, i. childhood (hann var J)d 1
bernsku).
bernsk-liga, adv. childishly ; -ligr,
a. childish ; bernskr, a. childish,
childlike.
bernsku-aldr, m. years, days, of
childhood ; -bragS, n. childish trick ;
-ligr, a. belonging to childhood,
childish ; -maSr, m. childish person,
youth ; -rd5, n. childish design.
berr, a. (l) bare, naked (lik bert ok
blodugt) ; undir berum himni, in the
open air ; hvila a berri jorSu, on the
bare grojind; (2) open, clear, mani-
fest ; segja e-t berum or3um, in plain
words ; ver3a berr at e-u, to be con-
victed of a thing ; gora e-t bert, to
make known ; gora sik beran i e-u,
to reveal, show one's mind in a
thing; voru berastir f Jjvi f^raendir,
the Th. were most undisguised in it.
ber-aerkr (-s, -ir), m. ' bear-sark ',
berserker, a wild warrior of the
heathen age.
berserks-gangr, m. fury of the
berserkers.
bersi, m., see ' bessi '.
ber-skjalda(5r, a. without a shield ;
-syndugr, a. guilty of open sin (ber-
syndugr maor) ; -sogli, f. out-
spokenness, freedom of speech.
bert, adv. openly, clearly (maela b.).
ber-yrSi, n. pl. = bermaeli, bersogli.
bessi (for ' bersi ', cf. ' bera ', f.), m.
he-bear, Bruin.
besti, n. = bast.
BETR
[51]
BIL
betr, adv. compar., (i) better \ b.
{)oetti mer, I would rather \ vanu b.,
better than expected \ hafa b., to get
the better of it ; (2) more ; leggit fram
b. hit mikla skipit, bring further
forward \ J)rju hundrud ok Jjrir tigir
ok sex b., to boot ; ef hann orkar {or
ma) h.^if he can do more ; ekki m^lttu
sumir menn b. en fa staSizt, they
were just able to keep up against him ;
sva bar, at engi annarra tok b. en i
6x1 honum, reached higher than to
his shoulder.
betra (aS), v. to better^ improve (b.
iif sitt) ; refl. to become better \ im-
pers., J)eir sogdu, at konungi betraSist
mjok, that the king felt i7iuch better.
betran, f. bettering^ improvement.
betranligr, a. improvable.
betr-fetSrungr, m, a man better
than his father^ — feSr-betrungr.
betri, a. compar., beztr, superl.
better^ best\ peim J)6tti betra at, they
thought it better to ; beztr bondi, an
excellent farmer \ er mer hefir beztr
verit, best {kindest) towards me ;
with gen., me5an bezt er sumars,
during the best part of the summer.
beyg-ja (-$a, -5r), v. to bend, bow
(b. halsinn fyrir e-m) ; b. e-m krok,
to make it awkward for one.
beyglast (at5), v. refl. to become bent
(spjotit beyglaSist).
beysta (-sta, -str), v. to beat; b.
korn, to thresh ; b. bakfollum, to pull
hard at the oars.
beysti, n. ham, gammon of bacon.
beytill, m. fescue-grass (?), cf.
'goibeytiir.
bezt (older 'bazt'), adv., superl.
to ' vel ', best ; b. buinn, best equipped ;
b. allra manna, best of all men.
beztr (older * baztr'), a. superl., see
'betri'.
biblia, f. the Bible ; also ' biflia '.
biS, n. pi. waiting, delay ; g65r i
biSum, patient.
biSa (ac5), v. to wait ; b. e-s, to
wait for (t)eir bi3u6u J)eirra).
biSa, f. awaiting (rare).
bi^an, f. delay, biding.
bicS-angr, m. = bi3an, bi6vangr.
bitSill (pi. bitSlar), m. wooer, suitor.
bic5ja (biS ; baS, bAc5um. ; be(5inn),
V. (i) to ask, beg a thing of one (b.
e-n e-s) ; with infin., to beg one to do
a thing ; inn bid J)u hann ganga, ask
him to step in ; with the infin. sign
' at ', to beg leave ; bifir hann at fara
norSr i. Halogaland, asked for fur-
lough to go to H. ; with ' at ' and a
subj. (biSja viljum ve'r, at J)u ser i
lifisboninni me6 oss) ; b. e-s, to beg
for a thijig (b. miskunnar, matar) ; b.
e-m e-s, to beg for a thing on behalf
of one; b. e-m lifs, grida, to beg for
one's life, to sue for quarter for
another ; b. ser olmusu, to ask for
alms ; b. (ser) konu, to ask in mar-
riage ; b. fyrir e-m, to intercede
{pray) for one ; (2) to pray to God
(b. til gu5s) ; b. been sina (boenar
sinnar, been sinni), to say one's
prayers ; (3) refl., bidjast fyrir, to say
one's prayers ; b. undan, to excuse
oneself iirom doing a thing).
bi(5-leika (a$), v. to wait, stay,
tarry ( = 'bi5a').
bi^-lund, {.forbearance, patience.
bi5lundar-g6$r, a. patient \ -mdl,
n. a jnatter that can wait.
bicS-lyndi, n., -8t611, m. (rare),==
bifi-lund.
bicS-stund, f. time passed in wait-
ing j delay, respite.
biSstundar-timi, m. = bi5stund,
biS-vangr, m. = bidangr.
bifast (S and at5), ,v. refl. (i) to
shake, tremble (allr Asa salr undir
bifSist) ; (2) to be moved', vagninn
bifast hvergi, cannot be tnoved.
bif-roat, f. poet., mythical name of
the rainbow.
bik, n. pitch (svartr sem b. ; biki
svartari) ; bika (a?5), v. to p-tch.
bikarr, m. large drinking cupy
beaker (cf. ' sdttar-bikarr ').
bikkja, f. bitch (=grey, tik).
bikkja (-ta, -tr), v. to plunge into
water ; hann bikkti s^r ut af borQinu,
hann bikkti i sjoinn, he plunged over-
board,
bikiju-hvelpr, m. bitch's whelp ;
-sonr. m. son of a bitch ; -stakkr, m.
skin of a bitch.
bil, n. (l) an open space left (b. er
BIIiA
[52]
BIRTA
{)ama) ; (2) J7ioment ; J)at bil, that
very 7?ionient \ \\)\\ bili, at the same
moment, just then.
bila (a6), v. (i) to gh>e way, break,
crack ; ^i. er skipit hljop af stokku-
num, ^a bilaSi i skarar nokkurar, some
of the seams gave way ; (2) with dat.,
flestum bilar ara^Qit, most people lose
hea?-t\ with intin., f>6rr vill fyrir
engan mun b. at koma til einvigis,
Th. will by ?to means fail to meet ;
(3) impers., hug ok arisSi mun mik
aldregi b., I shall never be wanting
ifi courage and pluck.
bil-bugr, xa. failing of heart, giving
way ; lata engan -bug ^ ser sja, to
show no sign of fear, stand frm.
bilt, a. n., only in the phrase, e-m
ver6r b., one is startled, alarmed ;
f>6r (dat.) varS b. einu sinni {for once
Thor's heart failed him) at sla hann
me6 hamrinum.
bimbult a. n., in the phrase, e-m
er b., one feels uneasy (kerling fser
ekki sofnat um nottina, sva var
henni bimbult).
binda (bind ; batt, biindum ;
bundinn), v. (i) to bind, tie, fistefi,
tie up ; b. best, hund, to tie up a
horse, a dog ; b. sko, J)vengi, to tie
shoes, thongs ; b. stein vi6 hals e-m,
to fasten a stone to one's neck ; b.
fyrir augu e-m, to bliiidfold one ; (2)
to bind in parcels, to pack up (b.
varning til skips) ; b. hey a best, to
truss hay on a horse's back ; b. korn,
to tie up sheaves of corfi ; b. klyf, to
tie up a pack ; (3) b. e-t um e-t, to
biftd roiaid; hann batt silkirasmu um
fot ser, he bound a strip of silk round
his leg ; b. um e-t, to put a bandage
on ; batt Yngvildr um fot honum,
bound t(p his (wounded) leg; b. um
sar, to bind up a wound; fig., hefir
margr hlotit um s^rt at b. fyrir mer,
mafiy a man has had wounds to tie up
by 7ny 7neans (i.e. inflicted by me) ;
l)ykkir mer bezt um heilt at b., to
bifui a soimd limb, to keep safe and
sound; b. sar = b. um sar; b. bond
e-s, to bifid his hafid; (4) to make,
form, contract, enter into (b. samfelag,
vindttu, tengdir, hjuskap) ; b. ssett
ok friS, to make a recoticiliation and
peace ; b. raQ, to resolve ; absol, with
intm., to fix, engage (bundu J)eir f>6rir
at hittast a akveSnum staQ) ; (5) refl.,
to bind or engage oneself; em ek J)6
eigi J)ess buinn, nema fieiri bindist,
unless more persoJis bind themselves,
enter the leagtie ; b. d, hendi (hondum )
e-m, to bind oneself to serve another
(b. a hendi konungum) ; b. fyrir e-u,
to put oneself at the head of an under-
taking; b. ( = binda sik) 1 e-u,/^ engage
i?i a tiling (b. i heitum) ; b. i banns
atkvaeSi, to bring on oneself the
sentence of excommti7iication ; with
gen. (b. e-s = b. af or fra e-u), to
ref-ain fro7n a thi7ig ; eigi bazt hann
ferligra or6a, he did not refrain fro7n
bad words.
bindandi, f.=bindendi.
bindandis-timi, m. ti7ne of absti-
nence.
bindendi, f. and n. absti7ience (b.
matar ok drykkjar ok margra annara
girnda).
bindendis-kraptr, m. virtue of
absti7ie7ice ; -laus 5, a. licentious ;
-lif, n. life of abstinence ; -maSr, m.
a7i ascetic.
bing-r, m. bed, bolster (statt upp ur
binginum).
birgSir, f. pi. sto7'es, pro'i'isions,
birgiligr, a. serviceable, useftil.
birgja (-^a, -t5r). v., b. e-n at e-u,
to furnish, provide one wit/i a thi7tg
(mivilek b.bu {)itt atmdlnytuisumar).
birgr, a. wellfurnished, provided
(at e-u) with a thing (b. at kosti).
birki-, in compds., birch-.
birkinn, a. bi7-chen ; only in ' birkinn
vi6r ' = birki vi6r.
birki-raptr, m. birch-rajter ; -vit5r,
m. birch-wood.
birkja (-ta, -tr), v. to bark, strip
off the bark from a tree (b. vi6).
birkja, f. bircJi-juice.
birna, f. s]ie-bear,=^h^r2L.
birta (-r.a, -rtr), v. (i) to brighten,
light up, illu77iinate ; var birt allt
hlyrit {the bow of the vessel was 7nade
bright) bcecJi hvitum stein i ok rau3-
um ; stjornur birta nattina, light up
the night ; b. blinda, to make tht
BIRTA
[53]
BIDA
blind see ; b. hjortu var, to enlighten
our hearts ; b. rceSu, to elucidate^
make it clearer \ impers., veSrit (ace
birtir, it clears tip ; J)okunni (dat
birtir, the fog lifts ; (2) to reveal^
jnanifesty show (skjott mun ek b. mitt
skaplyndi) ; with dat., b. ast sinni, to
vianifest 07ie's love ; refl., birtast, to
appear (birtist J)a skacJi J)eirra) ;
dagrinn birtist, the day dawns ; b.
e-m, to appear to one.
birta, f. (i) brightness, jair com-
plexion ; (2) = birti.
birtari, m. revealer.
birti, n. brightness, light.
birting, f. ( i) brightness ; (2) revela-
tion ; birtingar ti6, the Epiphany.
birtingr, m. a kind of Jish, sea-
trout [1).
biskup (-S, -ar), m. (i) bishop ; (2)
the Jewish high-p7'iest.
biskupa (a5), v. to cofifinn (b.
born), = ferma.
biskupa-fundr, m., -mot, n. synod
if bishops.
biskupan, f. confir7nation, = itrmmg.
biskupa-J)ing, n. council of bishops.
biskup-domr, m. = biskupsdomr ;
-liga, adv. episcopally ; -ligr, a.
episcopal; biskupligt embastti, the
office of bishop.
biskups-buningr, m. bishop's robes ;
-bur, n. bishofs larder ; -domr, m.
(i) dignity or rank of a bishop ; (2)
the period during which a bishop
holds office, episcopate (i -domi e-s) ;
(3) episcopal see, bishopric ; -dottir,
f. bishop's daughter ; -doemi, n. =
-domr (3); -efni, n. bishop-elect',
-fraendi, m. relative of a bishop ;
-garSr, m. bishop's manor ; -gisting,
f. ; -herbergi, n. pi. bishop's apart-
ments ; -kpr, n., -kosning, f. election
of a bishop ; -lauss, a. without a
bishop (landit er -laust) ; -matSr, m.
one in the service of a bishop ; -mark,
n. sign of a bishop ; -magr, m.
brother-in-law of a bishop ; -miessa,
f. a mass celebrated by a bishop ;
-mitr, n. bishop's initre ; -nafn, n.
title of a bishop ; -riki, n. episcopal
see, bishopric ; -sekt, f. a fine to be
paid to the bishop ; -skattr, m. a
duty to be paid to the bishop (in
Norway) ; -skrut3, n., -skru^i, m.
bishop" s robes ; -.onr, m. sort of a
bishop ; -stafr, m. bishop's staff.,
crosier ; -stjorn, f. administration of
a bishop ; -stoU, m. ( i ) episcopal
seat', (2) bishopric, -sysla, f. (i) =
-stjorn ; (2) province of a bishop,
diocese ; -tign f. dignity or rank of a
bishop ; -tiund, f. the tithe to be paid
to the bishop (in Iceland) ; -vatn,
n. water consecrated by the bishop
Gtid7nund', -veldi, n. episcopal
power ; -vigsla, f. consecration of a
bishop.
bismara-pund, n. a certain weight.
bismari, m. steel-yard (maslir ok
pundari ok bismari).
bisund, f. a gold coin, besant (foreign
word).
bit, n. (i) bite (at tonnunum er
bitsins van) ; (2) sharpness, edge (of
cutting instruments) ; (3) pasture=
beit (Norse).
bita (ac5), v. (i) to cut into bits ; (2)
b. lit (utbita), with dat., to extend,
distend, stretch out.
bit-bein, n. bone of contention (hafa
riki pessi lengi at ofund orSit ok
-beinum) ; -hundr, m. snappish dog.
biti, m. (i) bit, mouthful', biSja
bitum, to go begging', (2) eye tooth
(upp eru komnir bitar ok jaxlar) ; (3)
cross-beam, cross-girder.
bitill, m. = bitull.
bitlaSr, pp. bitted, bridled; cf.
'gullbitlaSr'.
bitlingr, m. bit, morsel; stela bit-
lingum, to steal trifles.
bitr (ace. bitran), a. (i) biting,
snapping (b. naSra) ; (2) cutti7ig,
sharp (bitrt sverS) ; (3) painful, bitter
(b. tregi) ; -leikr, m. bitterness ; -ligr,
a. sharp, keen (-ligt sverd).
bit-s6tt, f. disease (of cattle, sheep)
from vermin.
bituU, m. the bit of a bridle.
bit5a (bi5 ; bei3, biSum ; becSit),
V. (i) to abide, wait for, with gen,
bid J)u mm her, wait for me here ;
t)eir bi6u byrjar, they waited for
favourable wind ; b. sinnar stundar,
to bide one's time ; b. e-s or stad
BIDA
[54]
BJARGA
(t)a5an, heSan), to stand waiting in
the same place {there ^ here) ; var eigi
langt at b., at (// was ?iot long before)
sannaSist saga abota mins ; (2) to
suffer, undergo, sustain, with ace, b.
bana (dauda, hel), ska6a, to suffer
death, loss ; b. dmaeli, to be blamed',
b. osigr, to be defeated', b. enga ro,
to feel no peace, be uneasy ; b. bot
(boetr) e-s, to recover, ove?'Come', (3)
e-t bi5r e-s, is in store for one, awaits
one (fagnaSu, vin minn, ])vi at J)in
bi6r eilifr fagnaSr) ; (4) impers., e-t
(ace.) biSr, there is, there is to be had,
with a preceding negative ; hvarki
bi6r J)ar bdru ne vinds blae, there is
felt neither wave nor breath of air ;
varla bei6 braud e6r foeSu, was
scarcely to be had.
biSandi, f. biding, waiting, delay.
bic5endr, m. pi. those who wait ; b.
eigu byr, get a fair wind.
bildottr, a. spotted on the cheeks (of
a sheep).
bildr, m. an instrument for letting
blood, lancet (orit var sem bilds spor
vaeri, a scar as fr07n ah.).
bild-6r, f. a kind of arrow.
biliii, n. Itixury ,=hy\ifi.
bita (bit ; beit, bitum ; bitinn), v.
{i) to bite with the teeth (hundr bitr
mann ; E. beit skard or horninu) ; b.
gras, to graze, also absol. (naut bitu
a velli) ; b. af e-m eyrun, to bite off
his ears ; b. e-t 1 sundr, to bite asun-
der or through ; b. a vorrinni, kamp-
inum, to bite the lip, the beard;
impers., of fish, to bite, take the bait
(bitr vel a um daginn) ; (2) of sharp
instruments, weapons ; t>eir er eigi
bitu jam, those whom iron could not
bite ; sverdit beit eigi, did not cut ;
e-m bitr, one*s weapon (scythe) cuts
well (allt bitu honum annan veg
vapnin) ; fig., beit l)etta ra3, was
effective ; (3) of a ship, to go near the
wind; skip, er ver koUum b. allra
skipa bezt, the best sailer ; impers.,
beit ]3eim eigi fyrir Reykjanes, they
could not clear or weather Reykjaness ;
(4) fig., to bite, sting, htirt (t)ik skulu
allir eiSar b., J)eir er Helga hafdir
unna) ; sekt. sok bitr e-n, one is con-
victed or found guilty ; J)au mdl, sem
sekt bitr, matters liable to punish-
me?it ; b. i. e-n, to affect, make an
impression on one ; J)etta let Kjartan
d sik b., K. took this to heart ; lata
e-t eigi d sik b., to be proof against,
to be unaffected by a thing; (5) e-t
bitr fyrir, is decisive, decides or settles
the jnatter, esp. so as to render it
impossible ; b. e-m at fullu, to prove
fatal to (hafa mik mi at fullu bitit
bans ra3) ; (6) refl., bi'tast (of horses),
to bite, in fighting (var honum mikil
forvitni, hve bitast vildi hestrinn) ;
to bite one another (bitast sem hundar
eSa hestar).
lb j alia, f. bell (hann vig6i klukkur ok
bjollur).
bjannak, n. benediction (from Irish
beannacht).
bjarg, n. (i) rock, boulder '^ (2)
precipice, cliff (by the sea).
bjarga (berg ; barg, burgum ;
borginn), v. (i) to help, save, with
dat. ; nema f>. byrgi honum, unless
Th. helped him ; sa er olduni bergr,
ivho saves mankind (viz. against the
giants, i.e. Thor) ; gu6s son er ollum
heimi barg, who saved the whole
world ; impers., e-m er borgit, one is
saved, comes S(fe and sound otit of
danger (brutu skip sitt ok tyndu fe
ollu, en monnum var6 borgit flestum) ;
b. skipshofn, to rescue the ship-
wrecked ; b. skipi, to haul a ship out
of the reach of the tide ; b. hval, to
secure a dead whale (by dragging it
ashore) ; b. konum, to help labouring
women (cf. 'bjargriinar') ; b. kum, to
attend cows calvifig; b. nam, to
render the last service to dead bodies
(cf. 'nabjargir') ; b. sok, mali, to
succeed in winning a case, a suit ;
(2) refl., bjargast, to keep up the
heart, esp. against cold or hunger ;
Oddr bargst vel "k fjallinu (in a snow
storm) ; b. sjalfr, to gain one's bread;
b. d sinar hendr, to support oneself
with one's own hands ; b. uti, to find
one's food {graze) in the field (of
cattle) ; Snorri go6i fann, at nafni
bans bargst litt vi3 ostinn, that he
got on slowly with eating the cheese ;
BJARGA
[55]
bj6da
verSi pir nii at b. vi6 slilct sem til er,
j'02/ must now put up with what you
can get,
bjarga (aS), v. (rare), = preceding
(bjargat mun malinu verfia).
bjargar-vist, f. a situation which
yields food and clothing.
bjarg-aurar, m. pi. 7neans enough
for support.
bjarg-gengr, a. clever at climbing
on fowling cliffs (cf. *ganga 1 bjarg').
bjarg-hagr, a. a dexterous carpenter
or smith for household work.
bjarg-hogg, n. itistrument for hew-
ing steps ifi a rock.
bjarg-kostr, m. means of support',
-kviSr, m. verdict of acquittal \
-leysi, n. starvation, destitution ;
-ra5, n. (i) means of salvatio?t ; (2)
advice given to an outlaw with intent
to save his life.
bjarg-rifa, f. rift in a rock,=
bergrifa.
bjarg-runar, f. pi. runes for helping
women in labour \ -rygr (rygjar,
-rygir), f. midwife.
bjarg-skora, f. rift in a rocky hill,
= bergskor.
bjargs-maSr, m. a self- supporting
person,
bjarg-snos, f. = bergsnos; -steinn,
m. boulder, crag.
bjarg- vel, adv. well enough.
bjarg-vasttr, f. helping sprite^ good
genius.
bjarkan, n. the runic letter B,
bjarkeyjar-r6ttr, m. town-law,
Bjarmar, m. pL, name of a people
or tribe of the Russian empire, the
PerfHs of the present day.
bjarnar-bass, m. = bjarnbiss ;
-hamr, m. the hide, shape of a bear ;
-hi6, n. a black bear's lair', -hold, n.
bear*s flesh ; -hrammr, m. bear's
paw ; -slatr, n. meat of a slaughtered
bear.
bjarn-bdss, m. a pit for catching
bears ; -dyr, -dyri, n. bear ; -eggjan,
f. brutal provocation ; -feldr, m.
bear-skin cloak ; -fell, n. bear's fell,
bear's skin ; -gjold, n. pi. reiuard for
killing a bear ; -hunn, m. bear'^s cub ;
-igull, m. a kind of sea-urchin ;
-olpa, f.=bjarnskinns61pa ; -skinn,
n. bearskin.
bjarnskinns-olpa, f. a bearskin
cloak.
bjarn-staka, f. bearskin ; -svit5a, f.
large knife for killing bears ; -veit5ar,
f. pi. bear-hunting (fara d, -veifiar) ;
-ylr, m. bear's warmth, the vital
wartnth of an ice-bear.
bjart-eygSr, -eygr, a. bright-eyed \
-haddatSr, a. fair-haired ; -leikr, m.
brightness ; -leitr, a. fair-com-
plexioned ; -liga, adv. clearly, plain-
ly ; -litatJr, a. light-coloured.
bjartr, a. (l) bright, shining (bjart
ijos, solskin) ; (2) illustrious (me6
bjortum sigri).
bjart-viSri, n. clear weather.
bjdlfi (or bjalbi), ra. fur, skin, esp.
in compds., hreinbj^lfi, geitbjalfi.
bjdlki, m. balk, beam.
bj6t$, n. (i) S7nall table; (2) small
bowl.
bjoSa (by 5 ; bau5, bu^um ; bo^-
inn), V. (i) tc offer', l)eir hofSu bo6it
honum laun, they had offered him
rewards ; t>. bau6 at gefa {offered to
give) Gunnlaugi hestinn ; b. grid, to
offer pardo?i ; b. e-t til lifs s6r, as a
ransom for one's life ; b. e-t fram, to
proffer, produce (b. fram vitni) ; b.
e-t upp, af hendi, to give up, leave
off', fa bySr hann upp \iorxi\\, gives
up the horn, will not drink more ; b.
e-t undan e-m, to offer to take a thing
off ones hands (er J)d kostr at b.
undan peim manni varSveizluna
fjarins) ; b. e-t vi6, to make a bid\
b, vi6 tvenn ver6, to bid double ; refl.,
bjodast, to ojer oneself, voltmteer
one's service ; f^oroddr bauzt {offered
himself) til J)eirrar farar ; (2) to do a
thing to one, in a bad sense ; b. e-m
ofrid, to wage war against one ; b.
e-m ojofnuS, ofriki, to treat uftfiirlyy
oppress ; b. e-m ogn, to affright,
terrify ; b. e-m rangt, to treat one
unjustly, (3) to bid, invite (b. e-m
til sin or heim) ; b. monnum til bo6s,
to bid guests to a banquet, weddi^ig;
(4) to bid, order', sem log bu6u, as
the law prescribed', b. e-m erendi, to
commit a thing to one's charge ; b.
bj6da
[56]
BLAKKR
e-m varnad a e-u, to forbid ; b. e-m
af landi, to order ofte out of the land ;
b. e-m af embaetti, to depose one ; b.
ut liQi, skipum,/^ levy troops^ ships\ b.
e-m um, to delegate to one, to commit
to one's charge ({)eiin manni er biskup
hefir um boOit at nefna vatta) ; (5) /^
proclaim, announce ; b. tru (kristni),
to proclaim, preach a religion {the
Christian faith) ; b. messudag, to
proclaim a holy day ; (6) of a mental
state, to have presenfifnent of; e-m
by6r e-t f hug (skap), one has a fore-
boding, presefi time fit of] mer by6r
e-t fyrir, I forebode ; mer by6r hugr
vi3 e-u, / abhor, dislike ; impers.,
mer by3r ivallt hita (ace), er ek kem
1 peirra flokk, / feel uneasy when-
ever . . . ; mer bau6 otta, / felt a
fear; baud t^eim mikla Jjekt [they felt
much pleasure), er J)eir sa likit ; ef
y8r by6r sv^ vi6 at horfa, when you
are in such a frame of mind', (7)
bySr e-m, it beseems, becomes 07ie ;
sem konungsbarni bySr, as befits a
princess ; eptir ftat for vigsla fram
eptir J)vi sem bydr, as it is due,
or proper.
bjor-blandaSr, pp. mixed with beer.
bjorr, m. beer (ol heitir med monn-
um, en me3 Asum b.).
bjorr (-3, -ar), m. (i) triangular
cut off piece of skin (bjorar J)eir, er
menn sni3a or skom sinum fyrir tam
e6a heel) ; (2) tria?igular strip of
land, = geiri (b. Id. onuminn fyrir
austan Fijot) ; (3) fro7it wall, party
wall ; engi var bjorrmn milH husanna,
there was no partition between the
houses ; (4) a sort of tapestry of tri-
angular shape (var stofan vel tjoldud
ok settir upp bjorar).
bjorr (-S, -ar), m. beaver, esp. the
beaver^ s skin (b. ok safaH).
bjor-reifr, a. cheerful from beer-
drinking ; -sala, f . vending of beer ;
-salr, m. beer-hall.
bjor-skinn, n. beaver skin ; -skinn-
feldr, m. cloak made of beaver skin.
bjor-tunna, f. barrel of beer; -veig,
f. beer ; -verpill, m. beer-cask.
bjuga (pi. bjiigu), n. sausage (cf.
*morbjuga').
bjug-leikr, m. crookedness \ -leitr,
a. of crooked cotintettance ; -nefjaSr,
a. hook-nosed, = rveS}6]\\%x.
bjugr, a. bowed, hooked, crooked,
bent ; hann var b. i. baki, he sat bent
or bowed [from age) on horseback ;
hvdrt er y6r t>ykkir bjugt e8a beint,
whether it seerns to you crooked or
straight, whether you like it or not.
bjorg (gen. bjargar, pi. bjargir),
f. (i) help, deliverafice, out of ?ieed or
danger, esp. help (food, shelter,
transport) given to an outlaw (veita
e-m b., einnar nsetr b.) ; logmaet b.,
lawful point of defence (in pleading
in the Court) ; (2) fneans of subsis-
tence, stores, provisions (fjogurra
missera b.).
bjork (gen. bjarkar), f. birch, birch-
tree.
bjorn (gen. bjarnar, pi. bimir, ace.
bjornu), m. bear (hvitabjorn, the
white bear ; hiSbjorn, skogbjorn,
ur6bjorn, viSbjorn, the black bear).
blat5, n. (i) leaf of a plant; (2) leaf
in a book ; (3) blade of a knife (knifs-
blad), of an oar (ararblaS) ; (4) skirt
of a kirtle, shirt, cloak (kyrtilblaS,
skyrtublad, feldarblaS).
bla$ra (acS), v. (i) to flutter to and
fro, as a leaf in the wind (sa l^eir, at
tungan blaSraSi) ; (2) with dat., to
move (the tongue) to and fro (hann
blaSraSi tungunni ok leita6i vi6 at
masla) ; to wag the tail (b. halanum) ;
(3) absol., to utter inarticulately
(blaSrar ok bendir hann) ; with ace.
(blaSrandi ])essi or8).
blac5ra, f. bladder ; blain.
blak, n. slap (with the open hand).
blaka (at$ and -ta), v. (i) to flutter,
wave (of the leaves of a tree) ; (2)
with dat., b. vasngjunum, to flap the
wings ; (3) with ace, b. e-n, to give
one a slap.
blaka, f. (i) veil (cf. 'silkiblaka ');
i(i)fan.
blakk-fjallr, a. with black hide
(bimir blakkfjallir).
blakkr, a. black, dun-coloured
(beittu, SigurSr, enn blakka mar).
blakkr, m. poet, a dun-coloured
horse.
BLAKRA
[57]
BLASA
blakra (a5), v. to flutter with the
wings.
bland, n. (i) mixture ; i b. vi3 e-n,
in company with ; i b. me6 e-m,
among \ (2) sexual intercourse (hafa
konu 1 b. = til la^^s vi3 sik).
blanda (blend ; bl6tt, bl6ndum ;
blandinn), v. to blend, mix, e-t e-u,
with a thing (b. mjo6, drykk, eitri) ;
b. e-t saman, to mix together (b.
saman hvitt ok rautt) ; more common,
b. e-u vi3 e-t ; b. vatni vi6 vin, to
mix wine with water ; b. motuneyti
(dat.) vi3 e-n, to eat together with
one ; refl., bland ast vi6 e-n, to have
intercourse with one, esp. of sexual
intercourse (blandast vi3 konur af
heiSnum f)j63um).
blanda (aS), v. = prec.
blanda, f. mixture of two fluids (for
fyrst or bl65, si6an blanda), esp, sour
whey ?nixed with water.
blandan, f. 7nixing, blending.
blandinn, pp. (cf. ' blanda *, v.)
7nixed\ Helgi var b. mjok, had a
mixed creed; hon er blandin mjok,
she is a womari of mixed report.
blauSast (at$), v. refl., = bley6ast.
blaut5-huga5r, a. = blauthugaSr ;
-liga, adv. cowardly.
blaucSr, a. ( i ) weak, cowardly ; bid
nu, ef J)u ert eigi b., if thou art not a
coward; {2) feminine, opp, to ' hvatr',
but only used of animals, dogs, cats,
fishes ; hafit nu hendr i. hundinum,
{)6tt b. se, take the dog, though it be
a bitch,
blaut-bam, n., in the phrase, ixi.
-barns beini = fra blautu barns beini,
see ' blauti ' ; -fiskr, m. fresh fish ;
-holdr. a. having soft, stnooth flesh
(masrin var vasn ok -hold) ; -hugaSr,
a. faint - hearted (opposed to ' har3-
hugaSr ') ; -klsBddr, pp. clothed in soft
raiment (e6a vildut J)er sja -klaeddan
mann ?) ; -leikr, m. softness ; -lendr,
a. soft, moist-soiled; -liga, adv.
efleminately (klaeddr -liga) ; -ligr, a.
soft, voluptuous (blautligir kossar) ;
blautlig kvas6i, amorous ditties.
blautr, a. (i) soft (b. sem silki-
raema) ; b. fiskr, fresh fish, opp. to
* hardr fiskr ' ; fra blautu barns bemi.
from very babyhood; (2) efifeminate,
timorous, weak (far er gamall harSr,
ef hann er 1 bernsku b.) ; (3) wet,
soaked (t)ar voru vellir blautir, {)vi at
regn hotdu verit).
bla-ber, n. blaeberry, bilberry ;
-brunaSr, a. bluish brown ; -djup,
n. the blue deep sea ; -eygtSr. -eygr,
a. blue-eyed; -fastr, a. quite i?n-
movable ; -fainn, -far, a. with a
bluish polish ; -feldr, m. cloak of blue
fur ; -flekkottr, a. speckled with
blue ; -hvitr, a. bluish white ; -kdpa,
f. bhie cloak ; -kinn, f. blue cheek ;
-klaeddr, pp. dressed in blue ; -leitr,
a. blue-faced, black-faced ; -lendingr,
m. Ethiopian ; -lenzkr, a. Ethiopian,
from BMland, Ethiopia ; -maSr, m.
a black man, negro.
bldman, f. the livid colour of bruise.
bla-mengdr, -mengjacSr, a. blue-
mi?igled; -merktr, pp. 7narked with
blue.
blami, m. lividness, ^hMxmxi.
blana (aS), v. to become blue or livid
(t)rutna ok b. 1 andliti).
blar, a. (i) blue, livid (b. ok bl66-
ugr) ; (2) black (b. sem kol) ; falda
bid,, to wrap the head in black.
bla-rendr, a. blue-striped (-rendar
broekr).
blasa (blees ; bl6s, bl^sum ; bids-
inn), v.{i) to blow, of the wind ; blds-
andi byrr, a spanking breeze; (2) to
blow with the 7noiith (hann bles 1'
kross yfir drykk sinum) ; to pant
(hestrinn tok at frysa ok b.) ; b. vi6,
to draw a deep breath, to sigh (jarl
bles t)a vi6 mcec^iliga) ; fig., b. moti
e-m, to be u7ifavourably disposed
towards 07ie; (3) with dat., to set in
7notion by blowing or breathing ; bles
mcediliga ondinni, breathed hard;
b. e-m e-u i brjost, to inspire, suggest
a thing to one (gu6 bles henni t)vi i
brjost) ; b. eldi, eitri, of serpents ;
(4) to blow with a 7nusical instru-
7nent ; b. Iu6ri, horni, to blow the
tru??ipet, horn ; b. Ii6i {troops) til
landgongu ; b. til stefnu, to a 7neet-
ing ; b. herbldstr, to sound an alarm ;
(5) to 7tielt,cast (b. gullmalm, rau6a) ;
yxn tveir or eiri blasnir {cast) ; (6) to
BLASABI
[58]
BlilKNAN
blow up, inflate (sem belgr bMsinn) ;
(7) impers., bles upp fotinn, kviSinn,
the legy belly, swelled up ; of land, to
be laid bare, stripped of the turf (hafSi
bMsit hauginn ok \k silfrit bert).
bldsari, m. blower of a trumpet or
horn.
bl^-silfr, n. bad silver, opp. to
* skirt silfr'.
blasinn, pp. (i) inflated (belgr b.) ;
(2) swollen (syndist iotrinn b.) ; (3)
stripped oj turf, baie^ barren (mel-
torfa blasin mjok).
bld-stafaSr, a. blue-striped (segl
bMstafat).
blastr (gen, bldatrar and bldstar,
dat. blaB3tri and blaBSti), m. (i)
blast, blowing of the wind', (2) blow-
ing of an animal, hissing of a serpent
(heyrdi blast drekanna) ; (3) breath-
ing, breath (malit g0rist af blsestri-
num) ; (4) blast of a trumpet-, (5)
blowing of a bellows ; (6) swelling of
the body or a limb, mortification.
blastr-belgr, m. bellows ; -horn, n.
trumpet, horn ; -jd-rn, n. blast iron
(cast, not wrought) ; -pipa, f. flute ;
-samr, a. windy ; -svalr, a. cold-
blowing.
bla-svartr, a. raven-black ; -tonn,
f. blue-black tooth, a nickname.
bletSgi or blegtSi, m. wedge, plug,
bleSja (ble§, bladda, bladdr), v.
{\) to pick off (leaves or fruit) ; fig.,
to kill off one by one (b. hirfiina or b.
hirSina af) ; (2) to tear asunder (b.
klasSi sin) ; (3) /^ cover ^ as with a
leaf (b. ^sjonuna).
bleik-alottr, 2.. fawn-coloured with
a dark stripe down the back (-dlottr
hestr) ; -h.t.\:v, 2,. fair-hair ed\ -hvitr,
a. yellowish white.
bleikja (-ta, -tr), v. to bleach (b.
lerept) ; b. hadda sina, to wash the
hair (said of women).
bleikja, f. chalk or white clay.
bleikr, a. pale, whitish ; bleikt hdr,
fair hair ; b. a hd.r, fair-haired ;
b. {wan, pallid) ok bloSlauss ; b. sem
ndr, deadly pale ; b. sem bast, pale
as bast.
blek, n. ink ; -horn, n. inkstand.
blekki-liga, adv. delusively ; -ligr.
a. delusive (blekkilig er J)essa heims
hamingja).
blekking, f. delusion, fraud.
blelckinga-macSr, m. deceiver.
blekkingar-andi, m. lyitig spii^it.
blekkja (-ta -<r), v. to impose upon,
deceive-, refl., blekkjast, to be dis-
appointed.
blek-akortr, m. lack of ink.
blendingr, m. {i) blending, mixture',
(2) a being half man and half giant
(b. en ekki fullkomit troll).
blesottr, a. having a blaze or white
mark on the forehead (b. hestr).
blest-msBltr, bleatr, a. lisping.
bletsa (atS), v. = bleza.
bleySa, f. <:ra7/if;z, = bley3ima6r.
bley^a (-dda, -ddr), v. to dishearten,
humble (ef J)u bleySir hjarta J)itt) ;
refl., bleySast, to lose heart or courage
( = ver5a blauSr).
bleySi, f. cowardice', -macSr, m.
coward', -mannligr, a. cowardly,
craven ; -mark, n. inark of cowardice',
-orS, n. charge of cowardice ; leggja
-ord at baki e-m, to charge one with
being a coward {\A2L\xhx) ; bera bleydi-
ord fyrir e-m, to be called a coward
by one,
bleyta, f. mud, mire,
bleyta (-tta, -ttr), v. to make softj
moisten (b. hu5) ; b. hjarta, skaphofn
e-s, to soften one's heart, temper.
bleza (ac5), v. to bless (blezaSi gu6
l)a hinn sjaunda daginn) ; also with
dat. (gu6 blezadi basdi fuglum ok
fiskum).
blezatSar-fullr, a. rich in blessing,
blezan, f. blessing, benediction.
blezanar-andi, m. spirit of blessing ;
-orS, n. pi. words of blessing.
bliat or bliaz, n. a kijid of costly
stiiff (for. word).
bilk, n. {i) gleam, sheen ; (2) bleach-
ing (liggja a bliki) ; (3) vizor of a
helmet.
blika (at5), v. to glea?n, twinkle (of
shields).
blik-hvitr, a. white-glea??ting (of a
shield).
blikna (atS), v. to grow {turn) pale
or pallid (b. af hraszlu, hugleysi).
bliknan, f. growing pale.
BlilKRA
[59]
BLbD-N^TR
blikra (a5), v. impers., e-m blikrar,
one feels uneasy or anxious.
blinda (a(5), v. to blind, deprive of
sight (drottinn blindaSi augu J)eirra) ;
hann blind a r sjalfan sik allra sann-
inda, he blinds hiinself to all truth.
blindi, f. blindness.
blindingr, m. hidden j) eg, dowel.
blind-leiki. -leikr, m. bli?idness.
blindr, a. blind', b. baSum augum,
blind of both eyes ; hann hafdi verit
b. borinn, bor?t blind', with gen., b.
ens sanna um e-t, blind as to the
truth or reality about a thing ; e-m
er e-t blint, it is obscure, hidden to
one ; Einarr let ser J)at blint vera, E.
professed ignorance about it.
bliSa, f. friendlifiess, gentleness ;
hofst t)a enn at nyju b. {frie7tdly
relations) me3 peim magum.
bli^a (-dda, -ddr), v. = bli6ka.
bliSast (a(5), v. refl., = bli6kast.
bliSindi, n. pi. comforts, delights.
billing, f. e7itice7nent, allureinent.
blioka (a^), v. to soften, mitigate
(b. e-n me6 gjofum) ; refl., blidkast,
to grow mild ; b. e-m, to i?tsi?iuate
oneself into one's favour.
bli^kan, f. caressi?ig, caresses.
bliS-latr, a. displaying friendliness
or kind?iess ; -leikr, m. (i) friendli-
ness, gentleness ', (2) mildness, balmi-
ness (-leikr loptsins) ; -leitr, a. of
mild countenafice ; -liga, adv. kindly,
with kindness (taka, fagna e-m -ligaj ;
-ligr, a. (i) gentle, friendly (-ligr f
yfirbragSi) ; (2) delightful ; -lund-
a^r, a. 01 gentle disposition ; -laeti,
n. caressing', -msBli, n. pi. fair
words, blandishments ; -maBltr, a.
affable, bland.
blitSr, a. {i) gentle, friendly (vera b.
ok pekkr vi3 menn) ; (2) pleasant,
agreeable ; t)at er J)er blidara, that
pleases you better ; (3) mild, balmy
(blitt ve6r).
bli5skapar-ort5, n. frieiidly word.
bli5-skapr (-ar), m. friendliness,
kindness ; caresses (eiga -skap me6
konu),
blitSu-bragt5. n. friendly mien ( =
blitt yfirbragS) ; caressing ; -fullr,
a. friendly.
blitS-viSri, n. inild weather ', -yrSi,
n. pl., = b!i3masli.
bligja (-^a, -t), v. to gaze (bligja
augum).
blikja (blik ; bleik, bliku ; — ), v.
an obsolete verb, = blika.
blistra, f. the mouthpiece of bellows.
blistra (aS), v. to whistle ; b. i spor
e-m or e-s, to whistle after one who
has run aivay.
blistran, f. whistli7ig (with the
mouthj.
blota-mat5r, m. effe77iinate person.
blotna (a$), v. to become soft or
7noist ; fig., to give way, yield (b. vi6
e-t, fyrir e-m).
bl65, n. (i) blood', rann honum
mjok b., he lost 77iuch blood; nema
(taka) e-m b., to bleed one ; vekja
e-m b., to draw blood of 07ie ; ganga
bl66i, to have a he77wrrhage or
dysentery ; blanda bl66i saman, to
enter into foster-brothership by 77iix-
ing blood together', (2) offspring,
blood-relations,
bloS-band, n. bandage to stop bleed-
i7ig, esp. pi. (-bond) ; -bogi, m. gush
or jet of blood ; -bolli, m. = bl6tbolli ;
-drefjar, f. pi. spatteri7ig of blood',
-dreif, f. sprinkli7ig {streak) of blood;
-drekkr, m. one who drinks blood;
-drif, n. floivi7ig of blood ; -dropi, m.
drop of blood; -drykkja. f. dri7ik of
blood ; -drog, n. pi., = -dreif ; -fall,
n. he77iorrhage.
bloSfalls-sott, f. the bloody flux,
dysentery.
bloS-flekkr, m. fleck or stain of
blood ; -fors, m. gush of blood ; -fullr,
3.. full of blood.
bloSga (aS), v. to fnake bloody,
to S7?iear with blood; refl., bl63gast,
to beco7ne bloody.
bloS-kyll, m. blood-bag; fig., blood-
sucker ; -lauss, a. bloodless ; -Idt, n.
(i) loss of blood; (2) blood-letting,
bleedi7ig ; -latinn, pp. {that has been)
bled ; -lifr, f . clotted blood ; -ligr, a.
bloody; -IcBkr, m. stream of blood;
-maokr, m. maggot bred in putrefy-
ing blood ; -nsBtr, f. pi. ' blood-nights \
in the prov., * bloS-nastr eru hverjum
brddastar,* referring to the fierce
BLdD-ORMR
[60]
BLOT-LUNDR
desire to revenge a homicide newly
committed ; -ormr, m. poet. ' blood-
serpe?it\ sivord\ -rauor, a. blood-
red'^ -rds, f. he7nQrrhage ; -refill, m.
point of a sword \ -reic5r, a. very
wrathful ( = dreyrrauSr af reidi) ;
-reitr, m. field of blood ; -rekinn,
pp. stained with blood ; -risa, a.
indecl. bruised and bloody (blar ok
bloSrisa) ; -segi or -sigi, m. clot of
blood ; -sjukr, a. dysenteric.
blotSs-litr, m. colour of blood.
bl6'5-s6tt, f. dysentery \ -spyja, f.
spitting of blood.
blo^s-teigr, m. = bl66reitr.
bloS-stjarna, f. the bloody star,
Venus ; -stokkinn, pp. bespattered
with blood \ -storkinn, a. stiff with
gore, gory ; -straumr, m. stream of
blood.
blocSs-uthelling, f. shedding of
blood.
bl6t5-tj crn, f. pool of blood.
blo^ugr (ace. blo^gan), a. bloody.
bl65-vaka, f. drawing of blood (svd,
hart, at -vaka yr6i) ; cf. ' vekja e-m
bloQ'; -varmr. a. warm-blooded',
-8Br, f. a ewe fit for slaughter ; -orn,
m. * blood eagle ', in the phrase, rista
-orn a baki e-m, a cruel method of
putting captured enemies to death in
the heathen times ; -px, f. ' bloody
axe% a nickname.
b46m, n. bloom, blossom, flower-,
fig., i cesku blomi, in the flower of
youth.
bloma-kinn, f. ' red cheek \ a nick-
name ; -ligr, a. blooming, shinifjg;
-mikill, a. rich-blossoming.
blomandi, pr. p. bloo7ning, flourish-
ing i^.^to^).
bloma-samligr, a, = bl6ma1igr.
blom-berandi, pr. p., -beranligr, a.
bloom-bearing, flourishing.
blomga (aS), v. to fertilize ; refl.,
blomgast, to blossom, bloom ; fig., to
thrive, flourish, prosper (rdttir sidir
skyldu b. fagrliga um norSrlond) ;
blomga^r, pp. which has blossoms
upon it ; blomgan, f. the fact of
bloo7?iing or flflurishing ; blomgandi,
pr. p., blomganligr, a. bloo77iing^
flourishing.
blomi, m. = bl6m ; fig., standa (vera)
me6 bloma, miklum bloma, to thrive.,
prosper, flourish ; i bloma aldrs sins,
in the flower of his age.
blomstr (-ra), m. = blom (allan
akrsins b.).
bl6ra-ma$r, m. a person to put the
bhune upo7i.
blot, n. (i) sacrifice, sacrificial feast
or banquet (efna, efla b.) ; (2) idol-
worship in general; (3) /^6'/, = bloeti
(oil b. braut hann ni6r) ; (4) swearing,
cursing.
biota (bloet; blet, bl6tum ; blo-
tinn), V. (i) to worship, to worship
with sac7'ifice, with ace. of that which
is worshipped ; b. hof, lund, fors, heiSit
go3, dlfa, heiSnar vasttir, lifandi
menn, to worship tej7iple, grove,
waterfall, &^c. ; very rare with dat.
(b. go3um) ; (2) to sacrifice, with dat.
of the object sacrificed (b. monnum
ok fe) ; absol., b. til fridar, sigrs,
langlifis, ars, byrjar, to 7nake a sacri-
fice for peace, victory, long life, good
season, fair wi7id.
biota (aS), V. (i )= biota (bloet, &c.) ;
(2) to curse, with dat. = ' banna'(bi6
pu. fyr J)eim, er per biota) ; absol.,
to swear ; refl., blotast, to go about
swearing.
blotan, f. (i) sacrificifig ', (2) curs-
ing, swearing.
blot-auSigr, a. rich in sacrifices
(-auSigt hof) ; -biskup, m. heathc7t
priest', -belli, m. sacrificial bowl',
-domr, m. idolatry ; -drykkja, f.
sacrificial feast ; -fe, n. sacred or
accursed goods ; -girni, f. inclination
for idolatry ; -go$i, m. heathen sacri-
/icing priest; -grof, f. sacrificial pit ;
-gut5, n. heathen god', -gyt5ja, f.
heathen pr'iestess ; -haugr, m. sacri-
ficial mound or cairn ; -hof, n.
heathert terriple ; -hus, n. heathen
house of worship ; -hof t$ingi, m.
heathen chief; -horgr, m. storie altar
for sacrifice ; -kalfr, m. a calf wor-
shipped with sacrifices ; -kennimatSr,
m. heathen priest ; -klaaSi, n. pi. gar-
ments worn at sacrifices ; -kona, f.
idolatress ; -koppr, m. = -bolli ;
-liindr, m. sacred grove, heathen
BliOT-MADR
[61J
BOBANAR-TID
place of sacrifice ; -m.a(5r, m. heathen
worsliipper, idolater-^ -matr, m.food
eateii at the sacrificial feasts.
blotna^r, m. sacrificing to heathen
gods, idolatry .
blot-naut, x\. {\) an ox worshipped
as a7i idol ; (2) a bull to be sacrificed ;
-neyti, n. (rare) = -naut ; -risi, m. a
giant zvorshipped as afi idol.
blotskapar-timi, m. the time of
heathejiism.
blot-skapr (-ar), m. (l) heathen
worship, idolatry ; (2) things belong-
ing to worship ; (3) sacrifice; -skogr,
m. sacred or sacrificial forest ;
-spann, m. chip jised in divinatio?i\
fella -span, to consult the gods ;
-staSr, m. a place of heathen sacri-
fice ; -stallr, m. heatheti or sacrificial
altar ; -tre, n. sacred tree ; -stopuU,
m. a pillar on which an idol stands ;
-trygill, m. small sacrificial trough
(trog) ; -veizla, f. sacrificial banquet;
-vi^r, m. = -lundr; -villa, f. heathen-
ish or idolatrous heresy ; -vcllr, m.
heathen sacrificial field.
blunda (a^j, v. /^ shut the eyes (b.
b^6um augum).
blundr, m. dozing, slufnber (occurs
as a nickname).
blund-skaka (a^), v. to blink with
the eyes ; -stafir, m. pi. soporifei^ous
runes ; bregSa -stofum, to break the
slumbe7'-spells.
blygS, f. shame ; blygtSa (acS), v. to
put to shame, seduce.
blyg(5ar-lauss, a. blameless.
blys, n. torch.
bly, n. lead {sQVk.\2i sem b.) ; -band,
n. leaden band; -kleppr, m. plu?n-
met ; -ligr, a. leaden ; -skeyti, n.
leaden 7nissile ; -stejrptr, pp. cast in
lead ; -stika, f. leadeii candlestick ;
-stokkr, m. leaden box ; -J)ekja (see
l)ekja), V. to roof with lead; -J)uiigi,
m. leaden weight.
blffija, f. ( \) fine coloured cloth (hon
hafSi knytt um sik blaeju ok voru i
mork blaj ; (2) cover of a bed; koma
undir eina blasju, to be married; (3)
burial sheet (svipti hon blaeju af
SigurSi) : (4) cover of an altar table.
blaeju-endi, m. the end ^"a 'blaeja';
-horn, n. corner of a h. ; -hvalr, m.
a k.nd of whale.
blsBr, m. gentle breeze, puff of air ;
kenna h\c&{tofeel a draught) a and-
liti ser.
bloecSa (-dda, -tt), V. /^(^/-f^*^; bloed-
du nasar bans, he was bleeding at
the 72ose ; impers., e-m bloeSir, one
bleeds or loses blood (engum bloeddi
bans manna).
bloesma, a. indecl. at heat (of ewes
and goats).
bloeti, n. a thing worshipped, idol.
blo5ru-s6tt, f. stone m the bladder.
blcskra (a(5), v. to blink with the
eyes, to fiinch (hann bloskradi ekki) ;
also impers., e-m bloskrar.
boc5, n. (i) bid, offer; bjoda b. fyrir
e-n, to make bids or offers for one ;
hvat er i bo6i, what is the offer ; eiga
b. a J6r3, to have the right of being
offered a7i estate, before it is sold to
a7iother; (2) banquet, weddi7ig feast;
hafa e-n i bo6i sinu, to entertai7i one
at 07te's feast ; foru J)eir allir til bo6s-
ins, to the wedding feast; i-^) bidding,
order, C077i7na7td7ne7it ; ganga undir
b. e-s, to sub77tit to one's bidding ;
eptir bodi e-s, at or by one's order \
(4) 7nessage ; gera e-m b., to send to
07ie, send one word; a su77i77io7is , a
sig7i or toke7i of su7?mwns, being an
arrow, axe or the like to call people to
battle or council (hefja bo6).
bo^a (aS), V. (i) to an7iou7ice, pro-
claim ; b. kristni, to preach Chris-
tia7iity ; b. helga tru, to p7 0clai7n the
holy faith ; (2) to bid, order, with
dat., konungr bo6a6i honum a sinn
fund or til sin, the king bade hi7n
come to hi7n ; b. e-m saman, to call
together, to su7?t7non ; {3) to bode,
signi/y (hvat J)etta mundi b.).
bo$a-fall, n. dash of a breaker
(bodij on a reef or shoal.
bo5an, f. an7iounce7nent, preaching,
proclai7ning (bo6an nafns bans) ;
hati3 drottinligrar boSanar, the feast
of the A7tnunciation.
boSanar-nott, f., -nott saellar gu6s
moSur Marie, the night before the
Annunciation of the Virgin Mary;
-tits, f. ti7ne of announce7nent.
BODARI
[62]
BOR©
bot5arl, m. prod aimer, announcer.
boSa-slotS, f. the surf of breakers
(cf. ' bo6i ' 2).
bot5-burSr, m. carrying of the
message arrow (cf. ' bo6 ' 4) ; -fall, n.
neglect to send on the bo5 (4) ; -fasta,
f. a fast ordered by the canonical law ;
-fer$, f. ///<? course of a bo5 (4) ;
-greizla, f. =bo5burSr.
bot5i, m. (i) aimouncer^ messenger
(cf. 'sendiboSi, fyrirbo6i ') ; (2) a
breaker (on hidden rocks).
bo(5inn, pp. (cf. ' bj66a'), vera b. ok
buinn til e-s, to be ready and williiig
to do a thing.
botS-leggja (see lep:gja), v. = log-
bj65a; -leiS, f. = -fer5; -ligr, a.//
to be offered ; -ortS. n. order, bidding,
Comma7idment (gu6s -or6).
bo(5or6a-breytni, f. alteration of
an ordinance-, -brot, n. breach
{^neglect) of an order \ -maSr, m.
public officer.
bo^-reizla, f. = bo3greizla ; -rifr, a.
ready to make an offer.
boSs-folk, n.^//'fj/^, = bo3smenn.
bo^-skapr (-ar), m. bidding, order ;
-skopti, m. = -slotti; -skurSr, m.
message, siunmofis to a meeting;
-sletta, f., -slotti, m. intruder at a
feast, uninvited guest \ -sl6t5, f.«=
bo61ei6.
bocSs-ma^r, m. guest at a feast.
botS-scBmiligr, 3.. ft for wearing at
a feast (-scemilig klseSi).
boga-hals, m. the tip of a bow
(bogi), where the string is fastened ;
-mynd, f. form of a bow ; -skot, n.
bow-shot, shooting with a bow ;
-strengr, m. bow-string; -vapn, n.
bow (used as a weapon).
bogi, m. (l) bow; skjota af boga, to
shoot with a bow (cf. ^Imbogi, hand-
bogi, hornbogi, Msbogi, ybogi) ; (2)
arch (of a bridge), vault ; fig., bera
mal or boga, to disentattgle a case ;
{'i) gush, jet (cf. 'bl65bogi').
boginn, pp. (from a lost strong
verb, bjuga), bowed, bent, curved;
b. af elli, bent with age.
bog-limir, m. pi. ' curved limbs ',
arms and legs ; -mat5r, m. bowma7i,
a/r>^^r ; -mannliga, adv. bow?nanlike.
bogmanns-merki, n. the zodiacal
sign Sagittaj'tus.
bogna (aS), v.{i) to becojne curved,
to bend ; (2) to give way, yield (b. vi3,
b. fyrir e-u).
bogra (a8), v. to creep along bowed
or stooping; J)^ boru bograr hann
inn, he creeps iti through that hole ;
b. fyrir e-m, to bow before one.
bog-sty rkr, a. strong at the bow ;
-sveigir, m. bow-swayer, archer (cf.
' sveigja boga').
bokki, m. '' buck'' , fellow ; Hottr
heiti ek, b. sasll, my dear fellow ! \
stoerri bokkar, bigger meJt.
bokkr, m. = bukkr.
bola (acS), v. to cut to pieces (b. f
sundr, brytja ok bola).
bol-tiinligr, a. agile of body.
Bolgara-land, n. Bulgaria.
Bolgarar, m. pi. the Bulgarians.
bol-hlif, f. covering for the body,
boli, m. *^/^//, = gra6ungr.
bol-jarn, n. = bol0x.
bol-klflB^i, n. pi. body-garments.
boUi, m. (l) small vessel, bowl; (2)
a measure=\ askr.
bolr, m. = bulr; (i) the bole or
trunk of a tree ; (2) the trunk of the
body ; ganga mi Hi bols ok hofuSs a
e-m, to pass between one's trmik and
head, to slay one.
bols-voxtr, m. = bolv6xtr.
bolungr, m. = bulungr.
bol-v^xtr, m. the growth, form of
the body (far J^u af klseSum ok vil ek
sja -voxt ])inn).
bol-0x, f. wood-axe.
bops, n. bu7np, thump (mikit fall,
svd at b. kvaS i skrokkinum).
bora, f. bo7'e, hole ; bora (a^), v. to
bore, to bore holes in ; b. rauf, to bore
a hole ; refl., borast fram, to push
one's way through a crowd.
borS, n. (i) board, plank; (2) the
side of a ship (hl63u skipin sem b.
baru) ; bord a stjorn = stjornborSi ;
hlaupa (steypast, detta) fyrir b., over-
board; mikill borSi, prop. = bor8h^r,
borSmikill, of a ship floating high
out of the sea, fig., proud of mind
( = skapst6rr) ; bera e-n (hlut e-s,
mal e-s) fyrir borS, to neglect, slight
BORDA
[63]
BORQAR-L'S^DR
7ftg; verSa (allr) fyrir bor3 borinn,
;er5a allr fyrir borSi, to be {quite)
thrown overboard^ i. e. slighted ;
^anga at bor6i vi5 e-n, to submit^
Held to, to come to terms with one\
;-n brestr d borSi, one fails, is
beaten ; i. annat bord, 07i the other
hand; otherwise, else ; Jjykkir vera
iai3r a annat b., a hard one to pull
igainst; (3) the inner margin of a
vessel between the rim and the liquid
er nu gott berandi b. a horninu) ; (4)
hoard, table (used for meals) ; fara,
janga, koma til borSs or undir b., to
ro, come to table ; setjast yfir b.,
indir b., to sit down at table ; sitja
^fir b. or bor3um, to sit at table ;
risa (standa upp) fra bordi, to rise
^rom table', ry(5ja b., to clear the
table ; J)j6na fyrir borSum, to wait at
'able ; setja e-m b., to set a table
before one ; bor6 eru uppi or upp
:ekin, the tables are set up ; but * boro
2ru upp tekin* may also mean the
tables are rejnoved, = hor6 eru ofan ;
[4) board, food, maintenance at table
(veita, halda e-m b.) ; (5) chess-
hoard', bjoda e-m undir b., to invite
one to play at chess.
bortSa (atS), v. (i) to sit down at
table ; {2) to set a table, serve up (b.
fyrir l^urftugum).
borSa-hriS, f. the time that a
meal lasts ; -munr, m. difference in
the height of ships ; -stund, f. =
•hri3 ; -viti, n. table-sconce.
boro-buna^r, m. table-service
(cloth, dishes, &:c.) ; -diskr, m. dish,
plate ; -dukr, m. table-cloth ; -fastr,
a. maintained at one's table ; -fjol,
f. thin board', -foeri, n. in the phrase,
taka ser -foeri = ganga 0rna sinna (?) ;
•hald, n. taking food, maintenance
at table ; -hdr, a. rising high out of
the sea (of a ship) ; -bus, n, a roo7n
where the plate is kept ; -hsBtJ, f.
the height oj a ship out of the water.
bort5i, m. textile fabric, tapestry
'tjalda holl, kirkju, borSa) ; sM
Dor8a, rekja borda, to weave ; sitja
/i3 borfia, to sit weaving ; byrda e-t
i borSa, to ornament tapestry with
igures woven in it.
bort5-ker, n. a cup used at table ;
-kista, f. a box for keeping the table-
service ; -klerkr, m. cletical atteU"
dant at table ; -knifr, m. table-knife ;
-IsBgr, a., (viSr, timber) fit for cutting
into planks ; -mat5r, m. table-com-
panion', -mikill, a. = -har ; -munr,
m. = borSamunr ; -prestr, m. a priest
who says grace at a bishops table ;
-prySi, f. ornaments of a table ;
-salmr, m. * board-psahn ', grace ;
-skutill, m. a small movable table,
esp. for a single person.
borSs-tilganga, f. going to table (at
mealtimes i.
borS-stokkr, m. gunwale.
borS-sveinn, m. attendaftt at
table, waiter', -tafl, n. chess-board \
-veggr, m. a plank wall ; -vegr, m.
= -stokkr; -vers, n. verse of grace
(cf. bor5-sa]mr) ; -vi(5r, m. boards,
planks ; -J)ak, n. covering of planks ;
-l)aki5r, pp. covered, lined with
planks ; -^ili, n. the bulwarks of a
ship.
borg (-ar, -ir), f. (i) a small dome-
shaped hill', (2) stronghold, fortifica-
tion, castle', {'^) fortified town, city.
borga (ac5), v. to be a surety,
guarantee, for* b. e-m e-t, to
guarantee something to one ; b. fyrir
e-n, to beco7ne bound for, to be security
for (anza ek litt, pott t)u j^tir at luka,
ef engi borgar fyrir J)ik).
borgan, f. guarantee, surety,
security ; ganga i b. fyrir e-n = borga
fyrir e-n.
borganar-maSr, m. a guaratitee,
a surety.
borgar-armr, m. arm, wing of a
fort ; -au?5n, f. destruction of a castle
or fortified town ; -gata, f. a road
leading to a borg ; -greifi, m. burg-
grave, governor of a town ; -g0rt5,
f. building of a fort', -lilit5, n. gate
of a fort ; -hreysi, n. ruins of a fort ;
-hofSingi, m. leading citizen.
borgari, m. inhabitant of a borg,
burgher.
borgar-klettr, m. a rock on which a
fort is built ; -kona, f . townswoman ;
-lit5, n. garrison ; -lim, n. lime for
building a fort ; -lytSr, m. townsfolk ;
BORGAR-MABIl
[64]
b6k-stafii
-maSr, m. {\) gar ris oner ; (2) towns-
man^ citizen ; (3) fellow- citizen
(-maSr engla) ; -mugr, m. the mob of
a city ; -murr, m. city-wall ; -port,
n.=-hli6; -sitSr, m. city-manners ^
urbanity \ -snii5, f. building oj a
fort or town ; -stat5r, m. site of a
town ; -veggr, m. wall of a fort or
town.
borga-skipan, f. a list of cities.
borg-firzkr, a. belonging to the
district Borgar-fjordr, in the west of
Iceland.
borg-hlicS, f. = borgarhli5.
borgin-orSr, a. cautious in words,
reserved.
borgit, pp. n., from bjarga ; e-m er
b., one is safe ; era hera at borgnara
|)6tt hoena beri skjold, a hare is none
the better off though a hen shield
him.
borg-stat5r, m. = borgarsta3r.
borg- veggr, m. = borgarveggr.
botn (gen. botns or botz, pi. bot-
nar), m. botto7n (of a vessel, of a
haycock, of the sea) ; (2) the head of
a bay, firth, lake, valley (fjardar-,
vatns-, dals-botn).
botn-hola, f. pit, in the phrase,
vera kominn i -holu, to have got into
a scrape.
boandi, m., see * buandi '.
bofi, m. knave, rogue, used as a
nickname.
bogr (gen. bogar, dat. boegi ; pi.
bcBgir, ace. bogu), m. shoulder (of
an animal!.
bok (gen. bokar and boekr ; pi.
boekr), f. (i) beech, beech-tree \ (2)
poet, textile fabric with figures woven
in it (boekr t)inar enar blahvitu) ; (3)
book ; lesa d. b., to read a book ; rita
i. b., setja i. boekr, to set down in
writing, to put on record; kunna
(festa) e-t utan bokar, to know {to
get) by heart ; heilog b., the divine
book, the Bible ; (4) the Gospel (vinna
ei3 at bok; cf. ' bokar-eiSr') ; (5)
Latin ; kenna e-m a bok, to teach
one Latin ; nema i. b., to learn
Latin ; setja e-n til bokar, to put one
to school (in order to make him
priest) ; hann heitir d b. {in Latui)
Jaskonius ; svd segir (er sagt) i.
bokum {in Latin books) ; (6) law»
book, code of law (logbok, Jonsbok).
boka (atSj, v. to affirm by oath on
the book {Gospel) ; bokaSr eidr—
bokareidr.
boka-fullting, n. help derived fro^n
books ; -gprS, writing {transcription)
of books ; -kis a, f. book-box ; -Ian,
n. lending of books ; -leaning, f.,
-lestr, m. reading of {Latin) books ;
-list, f. book-lore.
b6kar-blat5, n. leaf of a book;
-eiv5r, m. oath upon the Gospel',
-ei(5stafr, m. wording of a b6karei6r ;
-gprS, f. book-writing ; -lag, n.
lavjful price fixed ifi the code ;
-skeyting, f. conveyance of an estate
by help of the law-book ; -tak, n. the
touching the Gosfel (in taking an
oath) ; -verS, n. the frice of a book ;
-vitni, n. evidence confirfned by a
bokareiSr ( = b6kat vitni;.
boka-skilningr, m. book-learning.
boka-stoll, m. a reading desk,
lectern.
bok-fell, n. parchment, vellum ;
-fr6t5r, a. book-learned ; -froecSi, f.
book-knowledge, book-lore, learning',
-lauss, a. bookless, unscholarly,
-laust, adv. by heart (allar ritningar
helgar man hann -laust) ; -lestr, m.
= b6kalestr; -ligr, a. literary,
-ligar listir, the liberal arts ; -list,
f. bock-lore, learning', -laarcSr, pp.
book- learned', -mal, n. (i) book lan-
guage, learned language, Latin (d
bok nam ek aldri, ok eigi heyrSa ek
fra -mdli sagt) ; (2) the canon law ;
blot pau, sem fyrirboSin eru at -mali,
in the canon of the church ; (3 ) the
Julian Calendar ; at -mali, according
to the calendar ; -manac5r, m.
calendar month, opp. to the I eel.
months ; -nam, n. book-traifiing,
study (vera at -nami, setja e-n til
-nams) ; -neemi, n. = -nam; -runar,
f. pi. runes engraved on beech-wood',
-saga, f. written narrative ; -setja
(see setja), v. to commit to writing ;
-skygn, a. seeing well enough to read
a book ; -speki, f. bouk-ivisdom, book-
k noivledge ; -stafr, m. character^
b6k-sogn
[65]
BRAGD
letter \ -Swgn, f. = -saga; -tal, n.=
-m^l 3 ; -vit, n. learnings eiudition ;
-vlss, a. = -l2er3r.
bol, n. (i) lair or lying place (of
beasts and cattle) ; (2) couch^ bed
(toku sumir heyhjilma nokkura ok
gerdu s^r af b.); {t,) farm, esp. in
Norway, = b61sta6r, boer, jor6.
bola, f. (i ) the boss of a shield) (2)
blai7i, botch.
bol-festa, f. estate held by a lease,
leasehold.
bolginn, a. swollen ; b. brasQi, b.
af reiSi, swollen with anger.
bolgna (a$), v. to swell, become
swollen.
bolna-aott, f. (i) disease 0/ blains
or boils ; (2) smallpox.
bolsta^ar-gprtS, f. the building of a
homestead.
b61-stac5r, m. (i) abode, homestead
(hon i. J)ar -staSi mikla) ; {2) farm.
bolstr (gen. bolstrs, pi. bolstrar),
m. bolster, pillow (hniga vi3 bolstri).
bon, f. request, petition, — been,
bonar-ma^r, m. beggar-man.
bonda-bani, m. slayer of a wofnan's
husband; -dottir, f. daughter of a
bondi ; -eitSr, m. a bondi's oath of
allegiance; -far, a hondi's ferry-boat ;
-fe, n. district fund; -folk, n.
peasantry, fanners ; -fylking, f. host
of peasants ; -herr, m. ar7ny of
peasants ; -hlutr, m. one fourth of
the tithe to be distributed a7nong the
peasants ; -kirkja, f. the church
belongijig to the bondi in Thing-
valla ; -kirkjugartSr, m. the church-
yard belongitig to the -kirkja ; -lauss,
2i. husbandless, widowed; -liS, n.=
-herr ; -mugr, m. crowd, host of
peasants ; -nafn, n. the name, title of
bondi ; -r6ttr, m. the right of a
bondi; -3afnat5r, m. = b6nda-mugr ;
-skapr, m. the estate of the boendr,
opp. to the clergy ; -son, m. son of a
bondi ; -tala, f., vera i -tolu, to be
coimted among boendr; -ungi, m.
young farmer ; -val, n. the elite of
boendr ; var J)i gott -val, there were
choice boendr to be found ; -aett, f. a
bondi's extraction (hann er -settar).
bondi (pi. boendr, gen. bonda), m.
(i) husbandman^ farmer, peasant
(dottir eins litils bonda) ; a yeofnan,
franklin, landowner (hinir stoerri
boendr) ; (2) master, head of a house-
hold ( = husb6ndi) ; (3) husband (nu
er b. daudr, en kona lifir eptir).
bon-hus, n. = boenhus (rare) ; -leit5,
^' begging path ; fara -leid, to go
begging from house to house ; -or5,
n. (l) request, petition; (2) wooing,
courtship ; hefja, vekja -or6, to make
a proposal.
bonorcSs-fertS, -for, f. wooing
journey ; fara -for, to go a-wooing ;
-mdl, n. the business of wooing.
bon-riki, n. importunity or per-
sistence in begging.
bot (pi. boetr, also poet, botir), f.
(l) bettering^ cure, re?nedy ; fa b.
sinna meina, to get cure for one's
evils; rd.5a e-u b., rd6a e-s boetr, to
remedy, retrieve ; vinna e-m b., to
relieve one (in sickness) ; bi6a e-s b.,
to get over, recover (a loss, misfor-
tune) ; bera e-t til bota, to amend;
J)6tti mikilla bota dvant, at, much
seemed wanting that ; e-t berr til
bota (impers.), it is a comfort, satis-
faction ; {2) atonemetit, coinpensatiofi,
esp. pl. = mannboetr, 7£/,?r<?^^/^; soetar
syndir verSa at sarum botum, sweet
sins are turned to sore penance ; (3)
patch (svort bot var i. milium herSa
honum).
bota-lauss, a. without redress or
compensation (hafa six -laust ; vigin
voru -laus) ; -matSr, m. a person who
has to receive ' boetr ' for hurt and
damage suffered (opp. to ubotamaSr) ;
-verSr, a. worth redress.
boti, m. boot (for wearing).
bot-lausliga, adv. i?'reparably ;
-lauss, a. irreparable ; -sama (aS),
V. to repair (-saina um bu6ir, hus) ;
-J)arfa, a. indecl. needing ' boetr ' or
satisfaction.
braga (a6), v. to flicker, flash (of
the northern lights).
bragar-fuU, n. toast, esp. at a
funeral banquet ; -laun, n. pi. gift
for a poefn.
bragS, n. Ci) sudden or brisk move*
ment ; ?nome7it; bragds, af bragdi,^!/
ICEL. DICT.
BRAQDA
[66]
BRAUD-SUPL
once\ af {or i) skommu bragSi,
shortly^ quickly ^ in a short time ; (2)
fig., in many phrases, ver3a fyrri
(skjotari) at bragdi, to make the first
move, to be beforehand with (peir
hafa orSit fyrri at bragSi at stefna en
ver) ; vera i bragdi med e-m, skerast
f b. med e-m, to lend one a helping
hand ; taka e-t bragSs or til bragSs,
to take some step (to get out of diffi-
culties) ; uviturligt b., a foolish step ;
liheyriligt b., an mtheard-of proceed-
ing; gerSist par at svd mikit b., at,
/■/ went so far that ; li'tit b. mun J)^
at {it must be very slight), ef pu finnr
ekki ; (3) trick, scheme, device, chiefly
in pi. ; beita e-n brogdum, hafa
brogQ vi6 e-n, to deal cunningly
with, impose upon ; ferr at fornum
brogdum, in the old way ; bua yfir
brogSum, to b?ood over wiles ; leika
e-m b., to play or serve one a trick ;
hefir hann miklu brag6i i. oss komit,
he has played a bad trick upon us ;
(4) countenaftce, look, expression ;
J)annig ertu i bragSi sem, thou lookest
as if; me6 betra bragSi, in a better
mood; bleydimannligr i bragSi,
having the look oj a coward; Sturla
ger6i t)at b. d {made as if), at hann
hef6i fundit Pal prest ; (5) em-
broidered figure (hekla saumuS 611
brogSum).
brag^a (aS), v. (l) to move, stir
(J)at bragSar allt, sem kvikt er) ; (2)
to flicker, fiash (of light).
bragtSa-drykkr, m. poisoned dri?ik.
bra?(^a-karl, m. sly fellow.
bragS-alr, m. twirling awT, a
kind of fi e-drill ; bragSals-eldr, m.
/ire produced by a bragSalr.
bragc5-illr, a. ill-looking; -ligr, a.
expedient, suitable ; -mikill, a.
expressive-looking; -samr, a. crafty ;
-visi, f. craft, subtlety ; -visliga,
adv. cunningly ; -visligr, a. cunning.
bragnar, m. pi. poet, heroes, me7i.
bragr, m. (i) /(5'<?/ry, = skaldskapr ;
(2) the best, foremost (Asa bragr =
Thor ; bragr kvenna) ; most eloquent.
brak, n. creaking noise, crack.
braka (ac5), v. to creak, crack
(brakaSi mjok i skipinu).
brakan, f. creaking, cracking,
brakki, m., braknn, m. inter^
mediary, broker,
branda-dyrr, f. pi. main entrance,
front door, so called because of the
* brandar ' {ships' beaks) fixed as
ornaments over or beside it.
brand-gds, f. common sheldrake.
brand-kroasi, m. the natne give7t to
a brandkrossottr uxi.
brand-krossottr, a. brindled brown
with a white cross on the forehead.
brandr (-s, -ar), m. (i) brand, fire-
brand (brandr af brandi brennr) ; (2)
ship*s beak { = sviri) ; fellr brattr
breki brondum hasri, the waves
break high above M^' brandar'; (3)
ships' beaks put tcp as ornainents over
or at each side of the chief entrance of
dwellings (brandana af knerrinum let
hann setja yfir utidyrr sinar) ; (4) the
blade of a sword (brast sver6it undir
hjaltinu ok for brandrinn grenjandi
niSr i ^na).
brand-reitS, f. gridiron, brander
(steikja i. -raid).
brand-0x, f. a sort of axe.
branga, f (Hamdismal 20) ?
brasta (at5), v. to bluster, swagger
(l)eir brasta allmikit).
bratt-gengni, f. skill in climbing;
-gengr, a. skilful in climbing ; -leitr,
a. with prominefit forehead; -lendi,
n. steep ground.
brattr, a. (i) steep; brott brekka, a
steep slope; brattar b^rur, high waves ;
bera bratt halann, to carry the tail
high ; reynt hefi ek fyrr brattara. /
Jiave been in a worse plight ; (2)
sudden, — hri-hx (brott fyrirastlan).
bratt-s'^einn, m. sto7ie cohwtn.
brauS, n. bread; hleifr brau6s, a
loaf of bread.
brau6-bakstr, m. bread-baking;
-diskr, m. bread-plate ; -gprS, f. bread-
7naking\ -hleifr, m. a loaf of bread;
-jam, n. girdle, griddle (for baking
bread) ; -kass, m. bread-basket ;
-laupr, m., -meiss, m. bread-box;
-moli, m. cru7nb of bread; -ofn,
m. bread-oven ; -skifa, f. slice of
b7-ead; -sufl, n. whatever is eaten
with bread.
BRAUT
[67]
BREGDA
braut (pi. brautir), f. (i) road (cut
through rocks, forests, &c.) ; rySja b.,
to cut a road\ (2) as adv. away,
either with or without the prep. ' a ' or
' i ' (fara, ganga, komast b. or a b.,
brautu ; vera a b. or brautu ; kasta
e-u i b., hverfa i b., vera i b. or
brautu) Cf. brott, hurt.
braut- in compds., see * brott '.
brauta-mot, n. vieetmg of roads.
brautar-gengi, n. help, furtherance.
brautingi (-ja), m. a wayfarer \
tramp, beggar ; bra6 eru brautingja
erendi, the wanderer's errand is
urgent.
bra (gen. brdr, pi. brdr), f. eyelash.
brac5, f. meat, raw flesh ; varmar
braSir, the corpses of the newly slain.
brdcS, n. pitch.
brdS, f. haste^ only used in adverb,
phrases, i b., soon, shortly ,=\ixi.h\\g?i ;
bse6i i b. ok lengSar, now and ever.
brd(5a-bugr, m., in the phrase, gera
-bug at e-u, to hasten to do a thing,
do it without delay ; -fangs, adv. at
t?«^<?, = bra5fengis.
braSa-hola, f. a hole where the wild
beasts carry their prey (braS).
brd^a-hriS, f. sudden storm.
bra(5a-lauss, a. without prey
(haukar braQalausir).
br^San, adv. soon, shortly, = hrin.
bra(5a-s6tt, f. sudden illness, plague\
-J)eyr, m. sudden thaw.
brdS-daut5i, m. sudden death ;
-dauc5r, a., in the phrase, verSa
-daudr, to die suddenly ; -endis, adv.
of a sudden ; -fara, a. indecl., ver5a
-fara, to travel in haste ; -feginn, a.
exceeding glad; -feigligr, a. rushing
to death ; -fengis, adv. suddenly, at
once ; -fengr, a. quick to act, prompt ;
-getSr, a. hot-tempered, hasty (-ge6 er
bernskan) ; -gerr, a. matured early
in life, precocious', -gerviligr, a. of
early promise ; -hsettligr, a. jnost
dangerous ; -kallaSr, pp., verSa
•kaliaSr, to die suddenly ; -kjorit, pp.
a. hastily chosen; -komliga=brad-
iga: -la, adv. = br^31iga.
braS-lauss, a. not pitched.
bra(5-latinn,pp. = braddauSr ; -latr,
I. eager J impatient; -liga, adv.
hastily, at once; -liga er, as soon as\
-ligr, a. sudden (-ligr dau3i); -litit,
pp. n., gera -iitit i. e-t, to look hastily
at a thing; -lyndi, n. hot temper^
hastiness; -lyndr, a. hot-tempered^
hasty ; -IsBti, n. impatience ; -meelt,
pp. n. hastily spoken,
bra^na (aS), v. to melt, of snow, &c.
braS-orSr, a. hasty of speech.
br^^r (neut. bratt), a. (i) sudden
(b. bani) ; (2) hasty, hot-tempered;
J)u hefir verit helzti b. {too eager, too
rash) 1 J)essu mali.
brat5-rd(Sinn, pp. hastily or 7-ashly
decided ; -reitSr, a. very wrathful ;
-raetSi, n. rashness ; -sjukr, a. taken
suddenly ill ; -skapat5r, a. of hasty
disposition ( = skapbra5r) ; -skeyti,
n. hastiness, rashness; -skeytiligr,
a. rash ; -skeyttr, a. heedless, rash ;
-synn, a. seen at a glance.
bra(5um, adv. soon, shortly.
bra^ung, f. haste; braSungar jDarf
v\6,one must make haste ; af braSungu,
in a hurry.
brat5-t)roskatSr, pp. early ?natured
or grown-up.
bra-hvitr, a. with white eyelashes.
brass, m. cook? (toku J)eir bras
Buc31a ok brugSu til knifi).
brdtt, adv. soon ; b. er, as soon as.
bret5a-fonn, f. a great heap or
drifted mass of snow.
br6f, n. letter, writte?i deed.
br6fa (atS;, v. to give an ac county to
write (b. af e-u).
br6fa-b6k, f. register-book ; -brot,
n. breach of ordinances ; -g0rtS, f.
letter-writing ; -maSr, m. letter-
carrier, public courier ; -sveinn, m.
lettej'-boy.
br6f-laust, adv. without a written
dflcume7it.
bregma (bregcS ; bra, brug(5um ;
brugtSinn), V. with dat. (l) to cause
to move {quickly) ; b. sverSi, knifi, to
draw a sword, knife ; b. fingri, hendi
i e-t, to put {thrust) the finger, hand,
into ; hon bra harinu undir b^lti ser,
she put {fastened) her hair tmder her
belt; b. kaQli um e-t, to pass a rope
rou7id a thing ; b. augum sundr, to
open the eyes ; b. e-m a eintal, to take
BREGDA
[68]
BREIDR
one apart ; b. ser sjukum, to feign
illness \ (2) to deviate frojny disre-
gard (ver hofum brugoit af rdfium
pinum) ; (3) to alter, change \ b. lit,
litum, to change colour, to turn pale ;
b. e-m 1 e-s liki, to turn 07ie (by spell)
into a7tother shape (pii bratt J)dr i
merar liki) ; (4) to heak up, leave off,
give up ; b. tjoldum, to strike the
tents ; b. samvist, to leave off living
together ; b. radahag, to break off an
engage?7tent {wedding) ; b. bo6i, to
counter7nand a feast ; b. syslu, to
leave off wo7'king ; b. svefni, blundi,
to awake ; b. tali, to break off talking ;
b. orrustu, kaupi, to break off a battle,
bargain', (5) to break (b. trunaSi,
heiti, sdttmali) ; (6) b. e-m e-u, to
upbraid, reproach one with a thing
(Kalfr bri, m^r J)vi i dag) ; (7) with
preps., b. e-m a loft, to lift one aloft ;
b. e-u d., to give out, prete7id (hann
brd i. ]3vi, at hann mimdi ri6a vestr
til MidfjarSar) ; absol., b. ^ e-t, to
begin {sudde7tly) doi7ig a thing ; b. d
leik, to begin playing or sporting',
Kimbi brd i. gaman, took it playfully,
laughed at it ; J)eir brugSu a glimu ok
d glens, they started wrestli7ig and
playi7tg; hestrinn hri. i. leik, broke
into play, ran away, hond bregSr d
venju, is ready for its old work ; J)d
brd Ingimundr til utanferSar, /. sta7'ted
to go abroad ; b. e-u undan, to put it
out of the way, to hide it ; b. upp
hendi, hondum, to hold up the hand ;
b. e-u vi6, to ward off with (b. vi5
skildi) ; ?ig.,to put forth as an exa77ipie,
to praise, wonder at (J)mum drengskap
skal ek vi6 b.) ; absol., b. vi6, to start
off, set about a thing without delay ;
brd, hann vi6 skjott ok for, he started
off" at once a7id we7it', (8) refl., breg-
6ast, to fail, co/ne to naught (J)at mun
eigi b.) ; b. e-m, to deceive, disappoi7it
one (Gunnar kvaSst aldri skyldu b.
Nj^li ne sonum hans) ; J)eim brdst
frumhlaupit, they failed in the
onslaught ; b. brogoum, to play one
another tricks', b. orSum, brigzlum,
to upbraid one a7iother ; b. vi6, to
make a sudden motion with the body
(Hrutrbrast skjott vifi undan hogginuj ;
b. vi3 fast, to turn sharply ; b. i. beina
vi6 e-n, to show hospitality towards ;
b. rei6r vi6 e-t, to get angry at', b.
ukunnr vi5 e-t, to be startled at the
novelty of a thi7ig ; (9) impers., e-u
breg6r, it ceases, fails ; sva hart, at
nyt bregSi {to drive the ewes) so fast
that they fail to give 77iilk ; veSrattu
brd eigi, there was no change in the
weather; of a sudden appearance,
klaQa bra a hvarmana, the eye-lids
bega7i to itch ; J)a bra Ijoma af Loga-
fjollum, the7i f 7-0771 L. there burst
flashes of light ; Ijosi bregdr fyrir, a
light passes before the eye ; with
preps., bregSr af vexti hans fr^ oQrum
selum, his shape differs fr077i that of
other seals ; e-m bregSr i brun, one is
a77iazed, startled (nu bregSr monnum
1 brun mjok) ; e-m bregSr til e-s, one
person takes after, rese77ibles another ;
en l)vi bregSr mer til foreldris mins,
in that I a7n like 7ny father ; J)at er
maelt, at fjordungi breg6i til fostrs,
the fostering 77iakes the fourth part of
a man ; e-m bregSr vi3 e-t = e-m
bregdr i brun ; brd, J)eim mjok vid, er
J)eir sa hann inn ganga, // startled
the7n much when they saw hi77i co7ne
in ; en 1)6 brd fostru Melkorku mest
vi5 J)essi tiSindi, this news most
affected MJs nurse.
breic5a (-dda, -ddr), v. to spread',
b. bor3, to lay the cloth on the table ;
b. faSm, to stretch out the arms ; b.
ut, to lay out for dryt7tg, as hay ; b.
ut hendr, to stretch out the hands ; b.
e-t yfir e-n, to cover one with a thing,
chiefly of the bed-clothes.
breidd, f. breadth.
breicS-doelskr, a. from Broaddale ;
BreiS-firSiDgr, m. a man fro7n
Broadfirth ; breiS-firzkr, a. belong-
ing to Broadfirth,
brei(5ka (at5), v. to grow b7-oad, to
broaden.
breitS-laginn, a. broadish ; -leikr,
m. broad7iess, breadth ; -leitr, a.
broad-faced,
breiSr (neut. breitt), a. broad; i.
breiSan, in breadth, — i. breidd ; standa
breitt, to spread over a wide space ;
sitja breitt, with the legs wide apart.
BREID-SKEGGS
[69]
BREYTA
breitS-skeggr, a. broad-bearded^ as
a nickname ; -vaxinn, pp. broad-
framed^ stout y square-built ; -0x, f.
axe with a broad blade.
brek, n. claim^ demand (eru Bryn-
hildar brek of mikil).
breka (atS), v. to keep asking (l^tum
barn hafa pat er brekar).
brek-boo, n. fraudulent bidding.
breki, m. poet, breaker.
brekka, f. slope ; leiSa Israel i brekku
(viz. pingbrekku), to proclaim a
bondstnan free.
brekku-brun, f. the edge of a slope ;
-megin, n. (i) strength to clinib a
hill ; (2) the steepest part of a slope ;
-munr, m. difference in height.
brek-laust, adv. without fraud \
-ra5, n. pi. an attempt at fraudulent
acquisition ; -sekt, {.fraudulent out-
lawry (in order to disable one from
pleading his case) ; -visi, f. ifnpor-
tunity, importunate solicitation.
brenna (brenn ; brann, brunnum ;
brunninn), v. (i) to burn with a
flame (logi, Ijos, eldr, kerti brennr) ;
(2) to be constc?ned by fire (a Flugu-
myri brann fe mikit) ; nu breSr
(= brennr) viSara en hann vildi, the
fire spreads wider than he wished ; b.
inni, to perish by fire ; b. upp, to be
burnt up (d, peiri natt brann upp allt
Danavirki) ; hlutr e-s brennr vi3, one
gets the worst of it ; brann JDratt
{)eirra hlutr vi5, it soon grew too hot
for them ; rautt mun fyrir b., mun
nokkut fyrir b., things will brighten
up or i7)iprove.
brenna (-da, -dr), v. (i) to burn (b.
b^l) ; (2) to destroy by fire (b. boe,
hof, skip at koldum kolum) ; b. e-n
inni, to burn one to death i?i his
house ; b. e-t upp, to burn up ; (3) to
cauterize (as a surgical operation) ;
b. e-n vi6 bolvi, to burn one to cure
his malady ; b. e-m dila, to burn
spots on one's back ; fig. to brand
one's back ; b. e-m illan dila, to inflict
a severe injury upon one ; (4) /^ pro-
duce by burning (b. e-t til lims) ; b.
kol, to burn wood for charcoal \ b.
salt, to produce salt by burning
(sea-weed j ; (S) to purify (silver or
gold) by burnings brent silfr, pure
silver (eyrir brendr, mork brend).
brenna, f. the burning of a house or
person (J)a er b. var d Flugumyri ;
Njdls brenna).
brenniligr,a.M«/'(5«r«j7£/^//(eldrb.).
brenni-steinn, m. = brennusteinn.
brennu-matSr, m. incendiary ; -mdl,
n. action for fire ; -saga, f. the story
of the burning (of Njal) ; -statSr, m.
the place where a fire has been ;
-steinn, m. brijnstone, sulphur.
brennusteins-logi, m. sulphur
flame ; -vatn, n. sulphur well ; -pefr,
m. smell of brimstoncy sulphureous
smell.
brennu-sumar, n. summer of fires ;
-vargr, m. an outlawed ince?iaiary.
breota (brest ; brast, brustum ;
brostinn), v. (i) to burst, to be rent
(steinninn brast) ; J)d brast i sundr
j6r6in {the earth burst) undir hesti
hans ; (2) to break, S7iap, with a noise
(brast i sundr boginn); (3) to crash,
of the sound alone ; J)d brast strengr,
then twanged the bowstring', (4) to
burst forth (skriSa brast) ; eldrbrestr
upp, fire b7'eaks out ; bl66 brestr ut,
blood bursts out ; {l) to rise, begin ;
flotti brestr, the rajiks break i7i flight ;
bardagi brestr, the battle b7'eaks out,
begins ; (6) impers., e-n brestr e-t,
one lacks, falls short of (eigi brestr
mik drseSi) ; ef oss brestr i. borSi, if
we fall sho7't, get the worst of it ;
pat mun aldri b. [it will never fail), at.
brestr (-s, -ir), m. (i) crash (var6
par vid har b.) ; (2) chink, crack
(b. hafSi verit a hringnum) ; berja i
brestina, to cry off a bargain ; (3)
want, loss (hvart ilbati eSr b. i var6).
Bretar, m. pi. the Welsh.
Bretland, n. Wales; sySraBretland,
Brittany.
bretta (-tta, -ttr), v. to turn up-
wards (b. hala sinn).
breysk-leikr, m. infr77iity, weak-
ness (likamsins -leikr) ; -ligr, a./r«z7,
weak (mannsins -lig nattura),
breyskr, a. (i) brittle (b. leirpottr) ;
(2) weak, infir77i.
breyta (-tta, -ttr\ v. (i) to change^
alter (b. atrunafii) ; refl., breytast ;
BREYTILIGA
[70]
brj6st
hafa l)au eigi breyzt siSan, they have
not cha7iged since \ (2) to vary; b.
hattum, to vary the 7netre\ b. haii
sinu, to dress one's hair\ rettr ok
breyttr, plain and artificial ; (3)
absol. to coftduct oneself, do^ act ;
munum vi3 bddir i brott komast, ef
vi6 breytum svd^, if %ve do so ; b. eptir
e-m, to iinitate ; b. til e-s, to attempt.
breyti-liga, adv. strangely; -ligr,
a. strange ; breyting, f. change.
breytinn, a. (i) variable; b. i
buningi, fashionable in dress ; (2)
courteous^ attentive (b. 1 oUum at-
vikum vi5 konurnar).
breytni, f. change ; gera b. i. um e-t,
/(? make an alteration in a thing; b. i
klae6naSi,/rt^/^z^«.
brezka, f. M-? Welsh language,
brezkr, a. Welsh.
brigS, f. (i) rz^/^/ to reclaim (chiefly
of landed property) ; fyrnist "^i. eigi
brigSin, then the right of reclamation
•will not be lost; (2) n. pi. change
(engi brigS mun ek her d gera) ;
kaupa e-t i b. viQ annan mann, to
purchase a thing already bought by
another.
brigtSa (-t5a, -Sr), v. (i) to try to
recover (lost property) by lawful pro-
cedure (b. land, fe) ; (2) with dat. to
annul, make void (b. kaupi, domi,
sdttmali) ; b. e-m frelsi, to revoke
one's liberty.
brigcSar-matSr, m. reclaiiner of lost
property.
brigt5i, n. pi. (i) = brigS, f. ; (2) =
brigS, n. pi. (gera b. d e-u).
brigt5i-ligr, a. (i) variable ; (2) cor-
ruptible, perishable (-ligr likami).
brigtS-kaup, n. void bargaifi ; -liga,
adv. variably; -ligr, a. = brig6iligr ;
-lyndi, n. fickle-mindedness ; -lyndr,
2L. fickle-minded ; -meBli, n. breach of
promise.
brigSr, a. fickle, faithless.
brig^-raeSi, n. fickleness, cunning.
brigSull, a. variable^ inconstant,
brigzl, n. = brigzli.
brigzla (a(5), v. to upbraid (e-m e-u
or e-t) one with a thing ; at honum s^
\v\ brigzlat, that it be thrown in his
teeth.
brigzla-lauss, a. blameless.
brigzlan, f. reproach, blame,
brigzlanar-hlatr, m. reproachful or
scornful laughter.
brigzli, n. reproach, blame ; foera
e-m e-t 1 b., hafa e-m e-t at brigzlum, to
upbraid one with a thing, to throw a
thing in one's teeth ; eilift b., ever-
lasting reproach.
brim, n. surf {^Q.r ok b.).
brim-dyr, n. poet, ship ; -gangr,
m. dashing of the surf.
brimill, m, a big sort of seal, male
seal; also as a nickname.
brim-lauBS, a. surf-less, calm;
-leysa, f. calm {smooth) sea ; -leysi,
n.»=-leysa ; -orri, m. a kind of duck ;
-runar, f. pi. poet, ^surf-curbing'
runes ; -sorfinri, pp. surf-worn
(-sorfit grjot) ; -stormr, m. surf-
raising gale; -svin, n. poet, ship,
vessel; -tog, n. a rope to tug a boat
through the surf.
bringa, f. (i) chest (hdrit tok ofan a
bringuna) ; e-m skytr [or slccr) skelk
i bringu, one gets frightened ; (2)
brisket (of an animal).
bring-spalir, f. pi. = -spelir (ace.
-spolu), m. pi. the ' breast-rails ', the
lower part of the chest (bar sverSit at
kviSnum fyrir neSan bringspolu).
bringu-bein, n. the breast-bone;
-breiSr, a. broad-chested; -sdr, n.
a wound in the chest ; -teinar, m. pi.
= bringspelir.
brik (-ar, pi. brikr), f. (i) thin
board; (2) low wooden screen; (3)
short bench, near the door.
brikar-buningr, m , -klaBtJi, n.
covering for an altar-screen.
brimi, m. poet. fire.
brimir (gen. -is), m. poet, sword.
bijd (bij^t5a, bijdt), v. to sparkle^
flicker, gleam.
bijandi, f. or r\. flickering, gleam.
brjosk, n. cartilage (sem brjosk vasri
J)ar, sem bein skyldu vera).
bijost, n. (i) the front of the chest,
breast (hyl vel b. pitt) ; (2) woman's
breast ; foeSa barn i. brjosti, to feed a
child at the breast; (3) fig. the seat
of the afl^ections and emotions, mind,
heart, feeling, disposition ; mun hann
BRjbST-AFIi
[71]
BRODDR
vera J)r^lyndr i skapi sem faSir
bans, en hafa b. verra, a harder heart ;
mun hann optar m^r i brjosti [in my
tnind) en J)er ; (4) the froftt (of a
wave or a battalion'; (5) breast-
work, protection (hann er sjdlfr b. ok
hlifiskjoldr kristni sinnar) ; vera b.
fyrir e-m, to be ones defender, to
shield one; (6) vinna ei6 lyrir brjost
e-s, on one^s behalf.
bijost-afl, n. strength of chest ;
-bam, n. a child at the breast,
stcckling \ -bjorg, f. breast-plate;
-bragtS, n. compassion ; -bunac5r, m.
breast ornament, brooch ; -drekkr,
m. j«t-/^//>z^, = spendrekkr ; -fastligr,
a. faithful ; -fastr, a. fxed in the
heart; -festa (-sta, -str), v., -festa
sdr e-t, to impress on one's mind;
-friSr, m. peace of mind; -gj6rt$, f.
saddle-girth ; -goeSi, f. compassion ;
-heill, a. having a sound chest ;
-kaldr, a. hostile ; -kirk j a, f. the
heart ; -kringla, f. brooch ; -leysi,
n. feebleness of tnind; -megin, n.
strength of mind or heart ; -mikill,
a. broad-chested ; -moeSi, f. shortness
of breathy weariness ; -reic5r, a. en-
raged; -reip, n. breast-rope, girdle;
-samligr, a. = -fastligr; -stofa, f.
front-room ; -sullr, m. a boil in the
lungs ; -svit5i, m. heart-burn ; -vit,
n. mother-wit ; -vitra, f. = -vit ; -I)ili,
n. front wall, party wall,=^\i]6x\l\\\ ;
-J)iingt, a. n., e-m er -J)ungt, suffers
from difficult breathing.
brjota (bryt ; braut, brutum ;
brotinn), v. (i) to break ; b. fot sinn,
to bi'eak one's leg; b. tennr or hofdi
manns, to break the teeth out of the
head ; b. mann um stein, to break a
man on a stone ; b. e-n i hjoli, to
break on the wheel ; {2) to break ofen
(b. baug, bur) ; (3) to destroy, de-
molish (b. hof, skurSgoQ, kastala) ; b.
skip, to break one^s ship, be ship-
wrecked; (4) to break, violate, trans-
gress (b. heit, log) ; en {)dr konungr
brutud log d Agli, you broke the law
in EgiVs case; (5) to force, compel
(b. menn til kristni) ; b. e-n til
hlySni, to force to submission ; (6)
in various fig. phrases ; b. odd af
oflasti sinu, to break the point ozone's
pride, to /nanble oneself; b. straum
fyrir e-m, to break the stream before
one, to bear the brunt of battle ; (7)
with preps., b. af bruna, to break off
the bridge; b. af vi6 e-n, to wrong
one ; b. a bak, to force or drive back
(b. fylking d bak) ; to neglect, disre-
gard (b. a bak rad e-s) ; b. niSr, to
demolish, break down (b. nifir hus) ;
b. ni6r blotskap, villu, to put down,
abolish ; b. sik ni6r vi3 jordu, to bow
dozun to the earth ; b. saman, to fold
(b. saman skikkju) ; to unite (b. saman
et forna logmal ok nyja) ; b. sundr,
1 sundr, to break asunder (b. sundr
silfrker) ; to unfold (clothes) ; b.
(land, t)j66) undir sik, /^ subdue; b.
upp, to break up (Jjeir brutu upp
t)ilit) ; to forxe or break open (b. upp
hur6, bur, kirkju, bref) ; to uttpack
(b. upp gersemar sinar) ; b. upp
vistir, to bri7ig out the victuals (for the
mess) ; b. upp vapn, to get out the
weapons^ prepare for battle ; (8) refl.,
brjotast a e-t, to break in upon ;
Onundr brauzt i. hurdina, tried to
break in the door ; b. d milli, /<? break
out between ; b. fram, to break forth ;
b. 1 haug, to break into a cairn ; b. 1
e-u, to exert oneself in a thifig ; t)essi
ma6r bryzt i miklu ofrefli, struggles
against great odds ; b. um, to 7nake
a hard struggle (bjom brauzt um i
vok I ; b. vi6 e-t, to fight or struggle
hard against ; b. vi6 ofrefli, to fght
agai?ist odds ; b, vi6 borgarg0r6ina,
to exert oneself in making the burg ;
b. vi6 e-u, to struggle against (b. vid
forlogunum, gsefu sinnij ; (9) impers.
in a passive sense ; skipit (ace.)
braut i spin, the ship was broken to
pieces ; pa braut kirkju (ace), the
church was blown dowfi ; strauminn
braut d oxlinni, the current broke
against his shoulder.
brjotr, m. 07te that breaks, destroyer.
brodda (acS), v. to prick, goad^
incite (broddadr af ohreinsan),
brodd-hogg, n. a blow from a pike.
broddr, (i) spike; (2) a kind of
shaft = broddor ; (3) sting (of an
insect); (4 prick^goad; (5) the front
BRODD-SKOT
[72]
br6k
of a column or body of men^ opp. to
* hali ', the rear (b. fylkingar) ; (6) vera
1 broddi lifsins, to be in the prime of
life,
brodd-skot, n. a shot with a shaft
(broddr) ; -spjot, n. a kind of pike
(the blade ending in a four-edged
point) ; -stafr, m., -stdng, f. a
{mountaineer's) staff, pole, with an
iron spike ; -or, f. a shaft with four-
edged point ,—hroddr 2.
brokkari, m. cart-horse, trotter.
brokunar-matSr, m. an inter-
mediary, a broker, = hra.kki,
brosa (-ta, -at), v. to smile; b. at
e-u, to smile at; b. vi6, to smile in
reply (GuQrun leit vi5 honum ok
brosti vi6).
brosa, f. smile (svara me3 brosu).
brosan, f. smiling, stnile.
broa-leitr, a. with smiling face ;
-ligr, a. ridiculous.
brosma, f. a fish of the cod-kind.
brot, n. ( I ) breaking (cf. * skipbrot ') ;
sigla til brots, to run ashore under
full sail ; (2) fragment^ broken piece ;
{^fracture (bein-brot) ; (4) a shallow
place in a river or a firth ; (5) lever;
(6) spasm, convulsion ; falla i brot, to
have an epileptic fit.
brota-silfr, n. old silver broken to
be recast.
brot-fall, n. epileptic fit; -fallinn,
pp. epileptic, affected with epilepsy,
brotfalla-sott, f. epileptic disease.
brot-feldr, a. = -fallinn ; -geiri, m.
an angular strip of land.
broti, m. heap of trees Jelled in a
wood (^ella brota).
brot-ligr, a. guilty of an offence.
brotna (atS), to break, be broken ;
skip brotnar i spdn, the ship is broken
to pieces.
brotning, f. breaking.
brott, adv. away, ^=braut, burt ;
also i. b., i b. (fara b. or i. b., hlaupast
iih.or{ b.).
brott-buinn, a. ready to start;
-buningr, m. preparations for de-
parture.
brottfarar-leyfi, n. leave to go
away ; -61, n. parting banquet,
brott-fert5, f. departure.
brottfert5ar-61, n. = brottfararol.
brott-flutning, f. carrying off;
-fiisliga, adv. with eagerness to
depart ; -fuss, a. eager to depart ;
-fl^si, f. eagerness to get away;
-foersla, f. transportation ; -for, f. =
-ferd ; -ganga, f. departure ; -hald,
n. going away (skip var buit til
-halds) ; -hlaup, n. running away ;
-hvarf, n. disappearance ; -hofn, f.
takifig off; -kvama, f. coining away ;
-laga, f. retreat (after a sea-battle),
opp. to * atlaga ' ; -reit5, f . riding away ;
-rekstr, m. driving away, expulsion ;
-sending, f. sending away ; -sigling,
f . sailitig away ; -snit5ning, f . cutting
away or off; -songr, m. divine
se7-vice performed elsewhere than at
the parish church ; -taka, f., -tek-
ning, f. taking away^ removal ;
-tcekiligr, a. removable.
brottu, adv., d b., i b., aw^j = braut,
brott (er \€x vorum brottu ; meSan
jarl vasri i brottu).
brott-varp, n. throwing away ;
-vist, f. absence ; -visan, f. dismissal.
br6t5erni, n. brotherhood.
bro^ir (gen., dat., and ace. brotJur,
pi. braet5r), m. (i) brother; {2) friar.
brocSur-arfr, m. a brother's inheri-
tance ; -bani, m. the slayer of a
brother ; -baugr, m. were gild due to
the brother; -blotS, n. a brother's
blood ; -bcBtr, f . pi. weregild for a
brother; -dautJi, m. a brother's
death ; -deild, f. = -hluti ; -dottir, f.
a brother's daughter, niece ; -drdp, n.
the slaying of a brother ; -gildr, a.
equal in right to a brother; -gjold,
n. pl. = -boetr ; -hefnd, f. revenge for
the slaying of a brother ; -hluti, m.
the share (as to weregild or inheri-
tance) of a brother; -kona, f ., -kvdn,
f. a brother's wife ; -leikr, 7n. brother-
hood; -ligr, a. brotherly , fraternal
(broSurlig ast).
br6t5ursonar-baugr, m. weregild
for a brother's son.
broSur-sonr, m. a brother's son,
nephew.
brok (-ar, pi. broekr), f. (i) one leg
of a pair of breeches (ok let hann leika
laust kndit i brokinni) ; (2) breeches
br6ka-belti
[73]
BHUH-
(but the pi. ' broekr ' is more common ) ;
vera i brokum, to wear breeches ;
gyrflr { broekr, with breeches girt
over one's underclothing.
broka-belti, m. breech-belt \ -va5-
mdl, n. cloth {wadmal) for breeches.
brok-lauss, a. breechless ; -lindi, m.
waist-belt= brokabelti.
brugSinn, pp. (see * bregma') ac-
customed to, versed in (b. vi5 e-t).
brugtSning, f. breach^ violation^
alteration (for the worse).
brugg, n. (i) brewing ; (2) machina-
tion, schemins[.
brugga (at$), v. (i) to brew ; (2) to
concoct, scheme ; b. or b. saman svik,
to concoct a fraud; b. e-m bana, to
scheme his death ; (3) to break (b. sdtt-
mdli vi6 e-n).
brugginn, pp. brewed (b. mjoSr).
bruggu-kanna, f. brewing can ;
-ketill, m. brewing kettle.
briillaup, n. = brudlaup, bruQkaup.
brum, n. (i) btid\ {2) point of time
(i Jjetta brum).
brumr, m. = brum (1 1)enna brum).
bruna (at$), v. to advance with
great speed, to rush (b. fram).
bnina-domr, m. a sentence to be
burnt ; -flekkr, m. burnt spot ;
-hraun, n. burnt lava-field \ -vegr,
m. the torrid zone ; -J)efr, m. smell of
burning', -old, f. the burning age,
the {heathen) time when the dead were
burnt (opp. to * haugs-old ').
brund-tit5, f . the time when the ewes
are * bloesma *.
bruni, m. burning, heat, fire ; fig.
bursting passion (b. ofundar, losta-
girndar, heilagrar truar).
briinn-loekr, m. brooklet coming
from a well \ -migi, m. defiler of
wells, fox.
brunnr, m. (i) spring \ (2) well.
bmnns-miinni, m. the mouth or
opening of a well.
brunn-vaka, f. an instrument to get
at water tinder ice or snow ; -vatn, n.
spring-water ; -vigsla, f . consecration
of a well.
brii (-ar, pi. -ar, -r, bryr), f. bridge.
brua (at5), v. to bridge over (bruat
var yfir dikit).
bruar-fundr, m. the battle of the
Bridge ; -gprtS, f. bridge-making ;
-spor^r, m. head or end of a bridge.
brutSa, f. (i ) doll^ puppet', (2) chair-
post ; i. brudum stolsins var skorinn
f>6rr, Thor was carved on the chair-
posts.
brutSar-bekkr, m. the bride's bench ;
-eftii, n. a bride to be, bride- elect ;
-fatSmr, m. a bride's embrace ; -hus,
n. bride's chamber', -lin, n. bride's
veil ; -stoll, m. brides chair.
brut5-bekkr, m. = bru3arbekkr ; -f6,
n. bride s fee or gift ; -fercS, -for, f.
bride's journey ; -gumi, m. bride-
groom ; -hus, n. bride's chamber ;
-hvila, f. bridal bed] -kaup, n.
wedding feast, bridal (at bj63a mon-
num til -kaups) ; -kaupligr, a. per-
taining to a wedding feast (-kaupligr
vi5buna5r).
brutSkaupa-fertJ, f. = bnidferd;
-g0rt5, f . holding a wedding ; -niat5r,
m. wedding guest ; -veizla, f. wedding
feast.
brutS-kona, f. bridesmaid; -laup,
n. wedding, wedding feast ; drekka,
gera -laup, to hold a wedding ; gera
-laup til konu, to wed', riSa -laup, to
fix the wedding day.
bru5laups-dagr, m. wedding day\
-fer^, f. = bru6fer6; -klaetSi, n. pi.
wedding garment ; -kostr, m. the
cost of a wedding ; -stefna, f. wedding
meeting ; -veizla, f . wedding feast ;
-vitni, n. marriage-witness.
bruS-maSr, m. bridegroom's man^
bridesman'^ -messa, f. marriage-
service.
brut5r (gen. -ar, dat. and ace. -i, pi.
-ir), {.{i) bride (konur skipuSu pall, ok
var brufirin dopr) ; (2) esp. pi. brides-
maids =hr\x6\ion\iv ', sat t^orhalla milli
bru6a, 7^h. was seated among the
bridesmaids = milli bruSkvenna.
bru(5-3t611, m. bride's chair or seaty
= brLi3arst6ll.
bruk, n. a heap (briikum in heaps) ;
esp. a heap of seaweed (= I)ara-
bruk).
brun (pi. brynn), f. (i) brow, the
projecting edge of a cliff or hill (cf.
fjalls-, he;dar-, is-brunj ; (2j eye-
BRUW
[74]
BRYITN
brow ; Mta sig^a brynn i. nef, fyrir
br^r, ofan fyrir augiin, setja si3a b.,
hieypa brunum, to knit the brows ;
lypta brunum, hefja upp brun, to lift
the eyebrows^ become chee7-ful, brighten
up\ also impers., h(fr e-m upp b.,
one brightens up ; lypti J)d mjok brun-
um manna, their faces brightened iif ;
e-m breg6r i b., one is amazed.
briin (pi. brunir), f. a kind of stuff.
brunac5r, a. dark-coloured, brown.
briina-mikill, a. heavy-browed ;
-sit5r, a. having overhanging brows ;
-skurtSr, m. cutting the hair straight
across the brows.
brunar-bein, n. pi. the bone of the
eye- brow.
brun-ass, m. ridge-pole^ ridge-piece.
brun-hvitr, a. white-browed.
brun-modlottr, a. of mouse-grey
colour ivith a black stripe down the
back (of a horse).
brunn, a. ( i) brown ; (2) of polished
metal, bright (beit brun ^Z%).
briinn, m. black horse.
brun-siSr, a. = bninasi3r ; -skarpr,
a. light in the head ; -voir, -volvi,
-olvi, ?i. frowning.
brusi, m. buck, he-goat.
brii-steinn, m. pavement.
brydda (-dda, -ddr), v. (i) to prick,
goad', (2) to rough-shoe (aka jo
obryddum i. isi hdlum) ; (3) to show
the point (bryddu upp 6r J)okunni
kollarnir) ; (4) impers., af J)essi gorS
herra p^fans bryddi {arose) sv^ mikla
sty rj old, at.
brydding, f. bordering, edging.
bry^ja, f. a sort of trough.
bryggja, f. {i)gangboard, gangway ;
skjota bryggjum, to shoot out the
gangway, (2) landing-stage^ pier,
quay (lagu langskip konungs me6
endilongum bryggjum) ; (3) rarely,
bridge, =hr\\.
bryggju-biitS, f. storehouse on a
pier ; -ker, n. a tub at a pier ? ; -laBgi,
n. landing-stage ; -mangari, m. shop-
keeper at a landing-pier \ -sporSr,
m. the head of a pier.
brsma (acS), v. = bruna.
bryn-brcBkr, f. pi. war-breeches ;
-glofi, m. war-glove, gauntlet]
-hattr, m., -hetta, f. war-hood \
-hosa, f. war-hose, greave; -hottr^
m. = -haur, -hetta.
brynja, f. coat of mail.
bryrja (at5), v. to cover or arm with
a coat of mail ; brynjadr, wearing a
coat of mail, 7nailclad.
brynju-bitr, m. ' mail-biter \ s^vord ;
-bond, n. pi. cords to fasten the coat
ofinail ; -hattr, m., -hetta, f. = bryn-
hattr, brynhetta ; -halsbj rg, f. the
neckpiece of a hauberk ; -hringr, m. a
ring of a coat of mail (hringabrynja);
-lauss, a. without a coat of mail,
unprotected', -meistari, m. maker of
coats of mail] -rokkr, m. milita?y
tunic (worn over the coat of mail).
bryn-klungr, m. a sort of weapon
used in defending a besieged castle ;
-knifr, m. war-knife', -kolla, f.
a mail-cap (worn under the helmet).
brjTQna (-ta, -t), v. to water, give
water to (b. nautum).
brjm-stakkr, m. mail-jacket ;
-stuka, f. mail-sleeve ; -troll, n. a sort
of halberd ; -t)mg, n. fight, co7nbat
(poet.) ; -{)vari, m. a sort of halberd
( = bryn-troll).
bryti (gen. brytja or bryta), m.
bailiff, under-steward ', konungs b., a
steward on royal estates.
brytja (a^), v. to chop (b. mat) ; b.
116 hei6ingja, to put to the sword-, b.
niSr, to cut down.
brytjan, f. chopping.
bryt-skalm, f. chopper (kallar hann
I)at sverd brytsk^lm sina).
bryna (-da, -dr), v. (i) to whet,
sharpen (b. Ijd, knif, sverS) ; (2) bryna
upp ski pi, to drag a boat or ship half
ashore, put it on the ' edge ' of the sea-
board', (3) to egg on ; b. hug e-s, to
encourage.
bryni, n. (i) whetstone ; (2) spices
(ekki hafa ^eir salt vi6 mat ok ekki
bryni).
bryning, f. (i) whetting, sharpening,
(2) fig. eggitig on, incitement.
bryn-ligr, a. = brynn ; er -hgt um
e-t, it is promising, likely.
brynn, a. prompt, ready, ef bryn
fefong laegi fyrir, ready means ; bryn
sok, jitsty cogent cause ; bryn vorn, a
BRYNN
[75]
BURQEISS
clear case for defence \ b. byrr, straight,
fair wind.
brynn, f. pi., from *brun'; -brynn,
a. -drotued (lett-brynn, pung-brynn).
brsDt5a (-dda, -ddr), v. (i) to melt
(b. jokul, snjo, is) ; (2) to tar, pitch
(b. skip).
braB^a (-dda, -ddr), v. to htirry,
make haste (nu seinkaQa ek, en {)u
braeddir heldr).
brseSi, f. anger, passion ; maela e-t
{ b., in a passion.
braeSi-ligr, a. meltable, fusible.
braBSi-maBli, n. pi. angry langtcage.
braekta (at5), v. to bleat (b. sem geit).
broetSra-born, n. pi. first cousins
(agnate) ; -doetr, f. pi. nieces (of
brothers) ; -eign, f. property of
brothers \ -garSr, m. monastery, =
k6rsbroe3ragarc5r ; -lag, n. {l) fellow-
ship as of brethren, = fostbrceQralag
(sverjast i -lag) ; (2) brotherhood,
religious fraterftity.
broet5ralags-bief, n. letter of {reli-
gious) fraternity.
brcfitSra-niai k, n. tJie constellation
Gemini ; -partr, m. = broSurdeild ;
-samnat^r, m. assembly {union) of
brothers ; -skdli, m. apartinent for
friars ; -skipti. n. division of inheri-
tance among brothers ; -synir, m. pi.
brothers' sonsj cousins.
brcet5runga, {.female first cousin.
broetSrungr, m. male first cousin
(agnate); also = broe5runga ; hon var
b. {she was first cousin) Asnyjar.
broe^rungs-barn, n. child of a first
cousin ; -baugr, m. share of weregild
due to a first cousin.
broeklingar, m. pi. * breechlings \ a
nickname of the Irish.
brogc^ottr, a. crafty, cunning.
brogSu-liga, adv. cumtingly, slyly
(blekkja, svikja e-n -liga) ; -ligr, a.
crafty, sly.
brolta (-Ita, -It), v. to toss or
tumble about.
brL B*^u-liga, adv. boastingly ; Idta
-liga, to brag.
buSka-gros, n. pi. kerbs kept in a
box (for use in medicine).
bu^kr, m. small box (originally a box
to keep herbs and balsams in).
buSlungr, m. poet, kifig.
buffeit, n. buffet (sld e-m b.).
buffeita (-tta, - tr), v. to buffet,
buga (a(5), V. to bow, bend.
bugr, m. bend, curve ; the bight
(inside) of a ring (1 bug hringinum) ;
of the bent fingers (b. fingranna) ; the
concave side of the sails (sa af landi i
bug allra seglanna) ; a curve, dis-
order, of a line of men or ships (rdtta
t)ann bug, er a var or3inn flotanum) ;
aka e-m i. bug, aka bug a e-m, to
make 07ie give way, repel.
bug-stafr, m. crooked stick.
bukka-skinn, n. the skin of he-
goats; -vara, f. = -skinn.
bukkr, m. (i) buck, he-goat; (2)
battering ram.
bukk-skinn, n. the skin of a he-
goat (cf. * bukka-skinn 'j.
bukl, n. the boss of a shield.
buklara-bola, f. = bukl; -fetill, m.
strap of a buckler.
buklari, m. buckler, shield.
bukram, biikran, r\.=^btickram.
bula (a(5), v. to cut throiigh, = ho\2i.
bulr, m. = bolr.
bulungr, m.pile of logs, firewood.
bul-px, f. = bol-0x.
bumba, f. dru77i (berja i. bumbur).
bundin, n. sheaf [of corn).
bunki, m. ;^^rt/,/z7^, = bulki (rare).
bur^a-munr, m. difierence of birfh.
burtSar-dagr, m. birthday ; -rua'Sr,
m. bearer, carrier ; -sveinn, m.
errand-boy ; -tit5, f., -timi, m. birth-
time.
burdeigja (aS), v. to capriole, of a
horse (for. word).
burtSr (-ar, -ir), m. (i) carriage,
bearing, of the limbs or body (b. lik-
amans birtir hugskotsins r^6) ; (2)
birth {{xi. Krists burfii) ; of domestic
animals, lambing, calving (Jjser kyr,
er bezt buast til burSar) ; (3) fetus,
the thing bor?i. offspriftg (fill gengr
tvo ix me6 burSinum ; hinn haesti b.
varr drottinn J. Kr.) ; (4) pi., burSir,
bi7'th, extractioji ; hei5inn at burSum,
heathen by birth ; bur6ir ok astt, birth
and ki.7iship.
burSiigr, a. of high birth.
burgeiss, m. burgess.
BURIS
[76]
BUA
buris, m. borax (for. word).
burr (-ar, -ir), m. poet. son.
burst or bust, f. {i) bristle, bristles ;
draga b. or nefi e-m, to draw a bristle
out of one's nose, to cheat one ; (2)
gablehead or ridge of a house.
bursta-kollr, m. bristle-scalp, an
assumed name.
burstar-hdr, n. bristly hair.
bursti, m. bristly hair.
burst-igull, m. hedge-hog.
burt, adv. = brott.
burt, f., in the phrase, rida a b., to
ride a tilt.
burt-buningr, m. preparation to
leave a place (vera i -buningi).
burt-reiS, f . riding a tilt.
burtreic5ar-raaSr, m. titter ; -vdpn,
n. tilt-weapon.
burt-stong, f. a lance for tilting.
busil-kinna, f. a woman with fat or
chuhby cheeks.
busl, n. bustle, cojnmotion {^i. vdru
go6in i busli miklu).
buss, m. box, boxwood.
bust, f. (i) bnstle^^hnrst ; (2) a kind
offish,
busti, m.= bursti.
buza, f . a sort of tnerchant-ship.
bu, n. (i) household, farfning ; l)at
er bu, er maSr hefir malnytan smala,
it is ' bu ', if a man has a milking
stock ; g0ra, setja, reisa bu, to set up
a home for oneself', bregQa bui, to
give up farming ; eiga bu vi5 e-n, to
share a household with one ; fara bui,
to remove one's household ; vera fyrir
bui, to manage a household ; bua bui
sinu, to have one's own household',
bua umeg5ar-bui, to have many de-
pendants (unable to work) ; (2) the
stock of a farmstead (sumir Mgu liti i.
fjollum me6 bu sin) ; drepa ni3r bu,
hoggva bu, to kill or destroy one^s
stock ; (3) housekeeping; fd til busins,
to procure necessaries for the main-
tenance of the household', einskis
J)urfti i bu at bi5ja, there was plenty
of everything', (4) farm, estate',
fara milli bua sinna, to go from
one estate to another', eiga bu, to
own an estate; (5) home, house
(reid Hrutr heim til bus sins) ; vera
at or i. biii me6 e-m, to live at one's
house.
bua (by ; bj6, bjoggum or bjugg-
um ; buinn), v. (i) to prepare,
make ready ; b. skip i for, to make a
ship ready for a voyage ; b. fer8 sina,
to make ready for a journey {voyage) ;
b. veizlu, to prepare {make prepara-
tions) for a feast', b. m^l a hendr
e-m, to take out a sumfnofis against
one, begin a lawsuit; (2) to dress,
attire, adorn, ornament; bjo hon
hana sem hon kunni bezt, she dressed
her as well as she could; sd, J)eir
konur vel bunar, well dressed; b. be6,
rekkju, to make a bed; b. ondvegi,
hus, to make a high seat, adorn a
house (for a feast) ; 611 umgjordin var
buin gulli ok silfri, adorned {mounted)
with gold a7id silver; vapn buit
mjok, tnuch ornamented; (3) to fix
one's abode in a place, = hygg]2i (J)egar
munu jotnar AsgarS b.) ; (4) to deal
with, to treat; |)eir bjuggu bui sem
J)eim likaSi, they treated it as they
liked, viz. recklessly ; Haraldr bjo
heldr usparliga kornum Sveins, used
S.'s stores rather unsparingly ; {^) to
live, dwell (b. i tjoldum) ; peir bjuggu
J)ar um nottina, they stayed there
during the night; sd ma6r bjo a
skipi {had his berth) nasst Haraldi ;
(6) to have a household (cattle, sheep,
and milk) ; me6an J)u vilt b., as long
as thou wilt keep house; b. a or at,
with the name of the place added in
dat., to live at or in (hann bjo a
Velli ; Gunnar bjo at HliSarenda) ;
(7) to be, — vera (skip J)au oil, er i.
vatni bua) ; b. 1 skapi, brjosti e-m, to
be, dwell in one's 7nind (eigi byr {)er
litit i skapi) ; synandi j)d hjartaliga
gleSi, er i brjosti byr, that fills the
breast; {Z) to behave, conduct oneself
(bjuggu J)eir J)ar fremr ufrifiliga) ;
(9) with preps., b. af e-u, to lose ; lata
e-n af baugum b., to let him be de-
prived of his riches ; b. at e-u, to
treat, = h. e-u (cf. 4) ; peir hofSu spurt
hvern veg fjorolfr hafSi buit at her-
bergjum Jjeirra, how Th. had treated
their premises ; b. e-t fyrir, to prepare
(t)eir hlutir, er gu6 hefir fyrir buit
BUA
[77]
BUD
sinum dstvinum) ; b. fyrir, to be
present (hann setlar, at Sell)6rir
muni fyrir b. i hverju holti) ; b. hja
konu, to lie with a woman ; b. i e-u,
to be at the bottom o/, = h. undir e-u
(en i JDessu vinattumerki bjuggu enn
fleiri h.utir) ; b. me6 e-m or e-rri, to
cohabit with ; b. meS konu, to lie
with ; b. saman, to live together (as
husband and wife, as friends) ; to
have a common household (ef menn
bua samanj ; b. e-t til, to prepare^
take the preparatory steps iJi a case
(b. sok, mal, vigsmal til, cf. l) ; b, til
veizlu, to prepare for a feast ; b. til
sey6is, to get the /ire ready for cook-
ings b. til vetrsetu, to make prepara-
tions for a winter abode ; b. um e-n,
to make one's bed (var buit um J^a
l^orodd a seti ok logSust J)eir til
svefns) ; t>6r61fr Idt setja upp skip
sitt ok um b., he had his ship laid tip
and fenced round ; kva6u nu GuSrunu
eiga at b. um rau6a skor Bolla, said
that G. would have to dress B.^s (her
husband's) bloody head \ b. um and-
virki, to fetice and thatch hayricks ;
at b. sva um, at aldri matti vokna, to
pack it up so that it could not get
wet ; b. svi. um, at (with subj.), to
arrange it so, that ; b. eigi uni heilt
vid e-n, to be plotting something
against one ; b. um nokkurn skoll, to
brood over some mischief {deceit) ; b.
um grun, to be suspicious ; b. um
hverfan hug, to be fickle-7ninded\ gott
er um oruggt at b., to be in a safe
position ; b. undir e-u, to be subject
to^ suffer, endure (hart mun t)ykkja
undir at b.) ; eiga undir slikum ofsa
at b., to have to put up with such
insolence ; to be the {hidden) reason
off to be at the bottom of (J)at bjo J)ar
undir, at hann vildi taka rikit undir
sik) ; \>€r vitiS g0rst, hvat y6r byr
undir {what reason yott have) at girn-
ast ema utlenda mey ; b. e-n veg
vi3 e-n, to behave or act so and so
towards one ; sart byr t)ii nu vi6 mik,
{>6ra, thou treatest me sorely ; b. vi6
e-t, to enjoy (pu byr vi3 eilifa ast ok
bi6r eilifra ombuna) ; to submit to,
put up with ; ok mun eigi vid {)at
mega b., it will be too hard to bide',
b. yfir e-u, to hide, conceal ; framhiutr
ormsins byr yfir eitri, is venomous ;
litill bukr byr yfir miklu viti, little
body holds mickle wit ; b. yfir brogS-
um, flasrS ok velum, to brood over
tricks, falsehood, and deceit ; (lo) refl.,
buast, to make oneself ready, get
ready (bjuggust Jjeir at ri(5a austr) ;
b. ferSar sinnar, /(? make oneself ready
for a journey ; = b. at fara (b. or
{^randheimi ; b. ut til Islands, b. i.
land upp) ; bjuggust J)eir fostbroeSr i
hernaS, they prepared to go ofi a free-
booting trip ; b. til bardaga, to make
on.'self ready for a battle ; b. fyrir, to
have one's own household ({)at jDing
skal scekja bondi hverr, er byst fyrir
ok bondanafn berr) ; b. um ( = biia
um sik), to make one's ow?t bed, to
7)iake oneself comfo? table, to encatnp
(var horS ve5ratta, svd at ekki matti
uti um buast) ; b. vi6 e-u, to prepare
for a thiftg (b. vi6 veizlu, bo6i) ; b.
(vel, kristiliga) \\6 dau6a smum, to
prepare for one's death ; b. ^ id vetri,
to provide for the winter ; absol., b.
vi6, to 7nake preparations (nu rida h^r
uvinir Jjinir at Jjer ; skaltu sva vi6
buast, get ready to jneet them).
bua-gret'ur, f. pi. quarrel between
neighbours ; -kvit5r, m. verdict of
neighbours ; -kvotS, f. sujnmoning of
neighbours.
buandi (pi. buendr), m. = bondi.
buand-karl, m. farmer (-karl e6a
J)orpari ) ; -ligr, a. peasant-like, stout ^
sturdy, -maSr, m. = b6ndi.
bua-virSing, f, a fixing compensa-
tion by verdict of neighbours (buar).
but5, f. (i) temporary dwelling,
booth ; farmanna bu5ir, merchants^
booths ; esp. of the temporary dwellings
at the Icelandic parliament ; tjalda
b., to fit up a booth (with tent-roof
and hangings); (2) abode, dwelling-
place ; fara buSum, to change one's
abode ; hafa hdiSa, kalda b., to have
a hardf cold abode.
butS (= buid, buit), used as adv.,
may be ; b. sva se til a^tlat, may be, it
will co?fie so to happen ; b. eigi hendi
hann slika ugiptu i annat smn^ may be
BUBAR-DVOL
[78]
BUINN
he will not have such misfortune
again.
biitSar-dvol, f. dwelling in a booth ;
-dyrr, f. pi. door of a booth ; -gogn,
n. pi. utensils of a booth ; -hamarr,
m. a rock upon which a booth is
erected ; -ketill, m. booth-kettle ;
-kviSr, m. a sort of verdict given by
the inmates of a booth ; -li(5, n. the
imnates of a booth ; -matSr, m. inmate
of a booth ; -nagli, m. booth-peg ;
-rum, n. lodging in a booth (bic3ja,
kveQja e-n -rums) ; -sund, n. passage^
lane betiueen two booths ; -topt, f. the
walls of a (deserted) booth ; -veggr,
m. the wall of a booth ; -vert5r, m.=
-vor6r ; -virki, n. a fortification
round a booth ; -vist, f. lodging in a
booth (hafa -vist me6 e-m) ; -vcrt5r
(gen. -var^ar), m. (i) cookings
cookery ; halda -vorS, to take care of
the cookefy ; (2) food^ meat ; eigi
hafSa ek Jjina ve3ra mer til -varSar,
the rains of thy flock I have not eaten ;
rd,6a til -varSar, to prepare for a
meal.
bu5-seta, f. living in a cottage.
butSsetu-mat^r, m. cottager (j^eir eru
bii6setumenn en eigi boendr).
butSu-nautr, m. fellow-itimate of
companion in, a booth.
bu-far, n. household condition ;
-f6, n. live stock, esp. the 7nilch
ki?ie\ -fellir, m. starvation of live
stock \ -f6nat5r, m.«=-fe; -ferill (pi.
-ferlar), m. mover of on^s household',
-ferli, n. chattels belonging to a
household; fara -ferli sinu, to remove,
change one's household and home ;
esp. live stock ; haf3i hann me6 ser
skuldaliS {dependants, family) ok
-ferli {live stock) ; -ferski, n. domestic
or household utensils.
bu:Qdr-ab3ncgtS, f. responsibility for
bufe ; -eyrir, m. value in live stock ;
-foSr, n. food for cattle; -gangr, m.
= -hagar; -hagar, m. pi. pasture-
fields on an estate, esp. the home-
pastures ; -hagr, m. condition of the
live stock ; -hald, n. keepifig of live
stock ; -laust, a. n. without live stock
(bua -laust) ; -leiga, f. rent of live
stock \ -matr, m. food for cattle^
stores of fodder; -vegr, m. cattle-
track.
bu-foersla, f. removing of one''s
household; -fong, n. pi. household
necessaries; -gagn, n. household
utensil, = h\isga.%xi; -garSr, m. far?n
(esp. a big one) ; -g0rc$, f. making a
household in a place ; -hagi, m.
pasture ; -hlift5, f. a saving of house-
hold provisions ; -hlutr, m. an im-
plement of husbandry ; -hofn, f.
pasture-field; -hogg, n. slaughtering
of cattle.
bui, m. (i) dweller, inhabitant, esp.
in compds. (berg-, hellis-, ein-bui) ;
helvitis buar, inhabitants of hell;
himna buar, inhabitants of heave?i,
angels; (2) neighb our =r\2ihm (Stein-
olfr b. bans) ; (3) a law term, neigh-
bour acting as juror ; kveSja bua, to
summon the neighbours.
bui-grit5ungr, m. a bull kept at the
mountain-dairy, opp. to * heima-g ' ;
-ma(5r, m. neighbour-ma7i.
buinn, pp. (cf. *bua'), {\) prepared,
fit, adapted ; ek em gamall ok litt til
b. at {little fit to) hefna sona minna ;
(2) b. at G-n, endowed with (at flestum
ij)r6ttum vel b.) ; (3) ready, willing;
margir munu bunir at kaupa, ready,
willing to buy ; engir munu syna sik
bunari {inore willijig) til liQveizlu ;
with gen., b. J)eirrar ferSar, ready to
tnake that journey ; (4) b. til e-s, vi6
e-u, on the point of; hann var b. til
falls, he was just about to tumble ;
var buit vi3 v^5a miklum, there was
an itnminefit danger; (5) svd, buit, as
matters stand, thus ; eigi ma hly6a
sva b., it will not do thus, soiiie thing
else 7nust be done; stendr nu sva b.
um hri9, "matters stand thus {un-
changed) for a while ; J)eir segja
Eyjolfi til svd buins, they tell Eyolf
the present state of things ; \>€y skulut
ganga me3 vapnum, en berjast eigi
sva buit, not fight as yet ; at svi.
bunu, as matters stand (hann kvadst
ekki fysast til Islands at sva bunu) ;
at present, as yet ({)enna draum
segjum ver engum at sva bunu) ; vid
svo buit, thus, things being so (peir
skildu vid svd buit).
Btr-KARL
[79J
BT^S-TILSKIPAN
bii-karl, m. fanner, = buand-karl.
buk-digr, a. thick-set [in body).
bu-ketill, m. large kettle ; -koatr,
m. (i) household provisions^ stores \
(2) livelihood^ trade (er t)at biikostr
})eirra ok skemtan at soekja sjoinn) ;
-kot, n. small farm ^ cottage.
bukr (-8, -ar), m. (i) body, trunk,
esp. the trunk without the head\ (2)
belly, = 'kv\6r.
biik-reki, m. skin or leather bag (for
holding liquids).
bii-lag, n. joint housekeepings
-land, n. home land ; -lausa, a.
having no household ; -leiga, f . rent
of cattle.
bulka-brun, f. the edge of the
' bulki ' ; -stokkar, m. pi. the bulwark
fencing the ' bulk! ' in the middle of
the ship.
bulki, m. cargo (stowed in the
middle of the ship, cf. fyrir framan or
aptan biilka) ; binda bulka, to bind
bulk^ cover in the hold ; leysa (rjiifa,
brjota) biilka, to break bulk.
bii-matSr, m. 'i) husbandman,
farmer (-maSr sadi akr sinn) ; (2) =
busyslumadr ; -maSr mikill, a skilled,
stirring husba7id?nafi ; -mis3a, f. loss
in stock.
buna(5ar-bdlkr, m. the section of
law about household matters ; -matSr,
m. = buma6r; -munr, m. = bunings-
munr.
bunat5r (gen. -ar), m. (i) household,
housekeeping ; reisa, setja bunaS =
reisa, gwra bu, to set up a hoicsehold ;
fara bunaSi sinum = fara buferli, to
remove one's household', (2) equip-
ment, ^r<?i'j, = buningr ; (3) prepara-
tions (for a voyage, freebooting
expedition, &c.) ; (4) = buningr 4.
bii-nautn, f., in the phrase, til
-nautnar,ybr household use.
biiningr, m. (I) dress, attire,
apparel', (2) equip?nent of a ship
(reicJi ok b.) ; (3) the dressing and
arrajigement of a table ; (4) orna-
ments (kyrtill meQ buningi).
bunings-bot, f. improvement in
dress ; -lauss, a. without orna-
ments ; -munr, m. difference in
apparel.
bu-nyt, f. milk of sheep and cattle ;
-prestr, m. a priest having a home-
stead or far7n.
biir, n. (i) women^s apartment ', (2)
pantry (bur Jjat er konur hafa
matrei6u i) ; (3) storehouse.
bu-rakki, m. farm-dog ; -rd5, n.
household management \ -ran, n. a
kind q{ robbery, theft (to the amount
of three cows at least or three cows'
value).
bur-brot, n. breaking into a pantry ;
-dyrr, f. pi. pantry-door ; -hilla, f.
pa7itry- shelf \ -hringr, m. the door
fing- of a ' burhurS ' ; -hundr, m.
watch-dog at a storehouse ; -hurtS, f.
the door of a ' bur ' ; -hvalr, m. a sort
of whale, cachalot if).
bu-risna, f. tnunificent or hospitable
house-keeping.
bur-lykill, m. pantry-key.
burs-hringr, m. = burhringr ;
-hurts, f. =burhur3.
bus-afleifar, f. pi. re^nains of stores ;
-bublutir, m. pi. implements of hus-
bandry ; -efni, n. pi. household goods ;
-far, n. = biifar ; -forraS, n. pi.
management of hotisehold affairs, =
bura5 (taka til -forra6a = taka vi5
buraSum) ; -gagn, n. = biigagn ;
-g0r(S, f. = bug0rd; -hlutir, m. pl.=
-buhlutir ; -hoegindi, n. pi. help
towards keeping a household.
bu-sifjar, f. pi. relations between
neighbours ; godar busifjar, good
neighbourhood', var ilia 1 -sifjum
f)eirra, they were not on good terms
as neighbours ; veita e-m {)ungar
-sifjar, to be a troublesome neighbour
to one.
bus-kerfi, n. household ute?isils, —
buferski.
bu-skj61a, f. milk-pail; -skorlr, m.
failure of stores', -skylft, a. n., hafa
-skylft, to have an expensive hoicse-
hold.
busli^s-mac5r, m. a * bondi ' without
ho)nestead (cf. slita bui sinu).
bu-smali, m. cattle, esp. milch cows ;
-staSr, m. dwelling-place, abode ; taka
ser -stad, to fix one's abode.
bua-tilskipan, f. settling of a
household.
BU-STJORN
[80]
BYRDINQS-MADR
bu-stjorn, f. management of house-
hold affairs ; -styra, f. a fetnale
housekeeper.
bus-umsvif, n. pi. household cares ;
-umsyala, f. management of a 'bii'.
bu-sysla, f. household business.
busyslu-matJr, m.=buma5r (-maSr
mikill).
bii-verk, n. dairy work (milking,
churning and the like) ; -t)egn, m.
husbandman (boendr ok -{)egnar) ;
illr -t^egn, a bad {evil) husbandman.
byg§, f. (l) colonization (fra Islands
b.) ; (2) abode ^ habitation ; setja,
hefja b. sina e-s staSar, to fix one's
abode in a place ; foera b. sina, to
refnove\ banna (lofa, leyfa) e-m b.,
to forbid {allow) one to settle in a
place \ (3) inhabited land or district^
opp. to ' ubygSir ', deserts.
bygtSar-fleygr, -fleyttr, a. rumotired
through the district ; -lag, n. district,
neighbourhood \ taka s^r -lag i e-m
stao, to settle in a place.
bygSarlags-matJr, m. inhabitant of
a district.
bygSar-land, n. land for settling
on ; taka sdr -land e-s stadar, to settle
in a place ; -leyfi, n. leave to settle ;
-ly3r, m., -menn, m. pi. inhabitants
of a district', -romr, m. rttmour
going about in the neighbourhood;
-stefna, f. district-meeting.
bygtS-fleygr, -fleyttr, a. = bygSar-
fleyttr.
bygg, n. barley ; -brautS, n. barley-
bread; -hjdlmr, m. barley-rick;
-hlatSa, f. barley-barn ; -hleifr, m.
barley-loaf; -bus, n. = -hla6a.
-byggi (pi. -bygg-jar), m. inhabitant ;
only in plur. compds. (fram-, aptur-,
stafn-, Eyr-byggjar).
byggiligr, a. habitable.
bygging, f. letti?ig out land for
rent (b. jarSar).
byggja (-tSa, -^r), v., older form
byggva; {\) to settle in a place, as
colonist ; sumar J)at, er J)eir Ingolfr
foru at b. Island, when I. went out to
settle in Iceland; Ingolfr byg5i fyrstr
landit, was the first settler; absol.,
Helgi bygdi norQr 1 Eyjafirdi, settled
in E.\ (2) to people (eptir NoafloS
lifSu dtta menn, er byg6u heiminn) ;
Island bygSist {was peopled) or Nor-
vegi ; (3) /^ inhabit, live in a country
(J)d er landit hafSi sex tigi vetra bygt
verit) ; l)ess get ek, at menn byggi
husit, that the house is inhabited ; b.
boe, to settle on a farm (hann byg5i
bcE l)ann er f Eyju heitir) ; absol.,
kona, er bygSi {lived) 1 einum afdal ;
hvar byggir J)u, where dwellest thou?;
(4) to dwell in, occupy (b. holl, belli) ;
b. eina saeng, to share the same bed
(of a married couple ; also absol,, b.
med e-rri) ; byg6i hann i skipum, he
dwelt {lived) in ships,
byggja (-t$a, -Sr), v. (i) to let out
(konungr md b. almenning hverjum
sem hann vill) ; nu byggir maSr
dyrra {lets otit at a higher rent) en
vandi hefir i. verit ; (2) to lend itioney
at interest (engi skal b. dautt i€ i.
leigu) ; Hrutr bygSi allt feit, H. put
all the money out at interest ; (3) b.
frasndsemi, sifjar, to enter into a
marriage with a relation or one allied
by marriage (in such or such degree) ;
pat var bannat at b. svi. nlit at
frsendsemi, intermarriage between so
near relations was forbidden.
byggjandi (pi. -jendr), m. an in-
habitant {horgm ok byggjendrhennar).
bygg-mjol, n. barley-jneal ; -s^t5, n.
barley-seed.
byggva, v., older form for * byggja *.
bylgja (gen. pi. bylgna), f. billow.
"bylgju-fall, n. heavy sea; -gangr,
m. swell, sea.
bylgna-gangr, m.=bylgjugangr.
bylja (bylr, buldi, bulit), v. to
resound, roar (buldi 1 homrunum).
byljottr, a. gusty (ve3r nokkut
byljott).
bylmingr, m. a sort of bread.
bylr (pi. -ir, dat. -jum). m. squally
gust of wind ; J)a er bylirnir komu,
when the squalls came along.
byrS, f. birth, descent (rare).
byrc5a (-rt5a, -rcSr), v. to weave in
(figures).
byrca, f. a large box or bin.
byrSi, n. board {side) of a ship.
byrcSingr, m. merchant-ship.
byrSings-mat5r, m. a merchant'
BYBDINQS-SEGI,
[81]
BMBl
seaman ; -segl, n. the sail of a byrfi-
ingr.
byrtSr (-ar, -ar), f. burden^ load.
byr-fall, n. dropping of a breeze.
byrgi, n. enclosure, fence.
byrging, f. (i) closing, shutting up ;
(2) close, co7iclusion, end.
byrgis-kona, f. concubine-, -mat$r,
m. paramour', -skapr, m. concu-
binage.
byrgja (-t$a, -5r), v. (i) to close,
shut (b. dyrr e3a vindaugu) ; b. sinn
munn, to shut the mouth ; b. aptr
husit, to close the house ; b. e-n inni,
to shut one iji (i husum) ; fig. /<? out-
ivit one (b. e-n inni fyrir vitsmuna
sakir) ; b. e-t fyrir e-m, to exclude
one from ; b. e-n uti, to shut one out ;
b. e-t uti, to prevent, prechide (b. uti
vd6a) ; (2) b. e-t med skommu mdli,
to comprise it within a small com-
pass.
byrja (a(5), v. (l) to originate (or
himninum byrjast 611 goezka) ; (2) to
beget, esp. in pass., byrjast, to be
begotten (d J)eirri soma nott sem hann
byrjaSist) ; (3) to enter upon, begin ;
b. fer6 sina, to begirt one's journey ;
(4) b. mdl e-s, to -plead {support) one's
cause (ek skal b. {)itt mal sem ek
kann) ; b. roe6u, to deliver a speech
(= flytja rce3ui ; hefir t)u Iram byrjat
{stated) erendi t)itt.
byrja (aS), v. impers. with dat. to
behove, beseem ; sem byrjar {as it
behoves) hly5num syni ; sem J)eim
byrjaSi at manntali, ifi due proportion
to their mtmber.
byrja (atS), v. impers., e-m byrjar
vel (ilia), one gets fair {foul) wind
(byrjaSi t>eim vel um hausiit).
byi^jan-ligr, a. that is to begin.
byrjar-gol, xv. gentle breeze.
byila (at5), v. to pour out ; byrlar
hann i hornin, he fills out the cups ;
with dat., to serve (a cup) to one
(SnjofriS byrlaSi ker mjadar fullt
konungi).
byriari, m. cup-bearer.
byr-lei^i, n. favourable wind (fa
gott -leioi) ; -16t.tr, di. gently blowing;
-leysa, f. lack of fair wind,
byiii, m. = byriari.
ICEL. DICT.
byr-ligr, a. promising a fair wind
(Jjvi at ekki er -ligtj ; ekki -ligr
draumr, a bad dreajn ; -litill, a.
faintly blowing with fair wind.
byrr (-jar, -ir), m. fair wind ; e-m
gefr vel byri (ace. pi. ), one gets a fair
wind', bifla byrjar, liggja til byrjar,
to wait, lie by, for a fair wind ; b.
rennr a, a fair breeze begins to blow ;
b. tekr at vaxa, the wind freshens.
byrsta (-sta, -str), v. (i) to furnish
with bristles ; {2) to cover as with
bristles ; borg gulli byrst, with the
gable-head mou?ited with gold ; (3)
refl., byrstast, to bristle up, to show
anger.
byrstr, pp. set with bristles ; fig.
exasperated.
byr-ssBll, a. lucky i7i getting fair
wind', -vsenligr, -v8Bnn, ?i. promising
a fair wind.
bysja (busti), v. to gush (busti bl65
d brimis eggjar).
bytna (acS), v. to come to the bottom.
bytta, f . small t-ub, pail, bucket.
byttu-austr, la. baling {a. ship) with
buckets.
byxa (-ta, -t), v., b. s^r, to jump
(si6an byxti hann sdr i. sjomnj.
bjrxing, f. violent tossing.
by, n. bee ; -fluga, f. = by ; -flygi,n.
= -flugur.
byfur, f. pi. clumsy feet ; rdtta b., to
stretch out the legs.
byr (-jar, -ir), m. = boer.
bysn, n. and f. wonder, portent
(t>etta eru stor b.).
bysna (acS), v. (i) to bode, portend
({)etta bysnar tjon ok sorg) ; (2) b.
skal til batnaSar, things must run to
an extreme before they get better.
bysna-veSr, n. portentous weather ;
-vetr, m. a winter of portents.
by-Btokkr, m. bee-hive.
byta (-tta, -tt), v. (i) to deal out
(bytti Hrafn silfrinu) ; (2) to exchange
(byttum vi6 jordum okkar).
byti, n. exchange, barter.
baatSi (n. dual from ' baSir ', used as)
conj., (l)b. .. dk,both .. and; b. vitr
ok framgjarn, both wise and bold; b.
at lasrdomi ok vitrleik ok atgervi,
both in learning, and wisdofn, and
B^GI-F6TIt
[82]
BCETA
accompUshjiients \ (2) b. .. enda, ^^M
. . and also, and indeed.
bSBgi-fotr, m. '' lame-foot\ a nick-
name of one who was *haltr'.
bfiBging, f. thwarting.
besginn, a. cross-grained.
baBgja (-tSa, -t), v. (i) to make one
give way, to push, with dat. ; b. skipi
or laegi, to push the ship frotn her
7noorings', b. heraSsvist, to remove
from the district ', honum bsegSi ve6r
ok bar hann til eyja peirra er Sylling-
ar heita, the weather drove him out
of his course and he was carried to
the Scilly islands', (2) to hinder (ef
eigi baegja nauSsynjar J)eirra) ; (3)
refl., baegjast vi6 e-n, to quarrel
or strive with one (J)^ vill hann
eigi vi6 J)a baegjast).
bSBla (-da, -dr), v. to consume by
fire (brenna ok b.).
baera (-tSi, -t), v. impers., gekk din
undir J)at J)d er meirr baerdi, when
the waves (bdrur) rose higher.
bSBri-ligr, a. (i) able to be carried
(-hgr a herSum) ; {1) fit, seeinly.
beerr, a. entitled to ; b. er hverr at
raSa sinu, every one has a right to
dispose of his own property.
boBsa (-ta, -tr), v. to drive cattle
into the stall ( = basa).
bsBsingr, m. (o7ie born in a bass), a
child of an outlawed 7noiher.
boejar-biskup, m. tow?i bishop ;
-bruni, m. bttrning of a town or
farjn-house ; -bygtS, f. town-district ;
-folk, n. =-menn; -gjald, n. town-
rate; -ly^r, m. =-menn; -IcgmaSr,
m. town-justice ; -maSr, m. 1 1 ) in-
habitant of a town ; -menn, towns-
folk, tow7tsmen ; (2) citizen ; -seta, f.
dwelling \stay) in town; -starf, n.,
-sysla, f. town office.
boeki-skogr, m. beech-wood (svin er
ganga 1 boekiskogi).
boeklingr, m. little book, booklet.
boeli, n. (i) den, lair; (2) fann,
dwelling.
boen (pi. -ir), f. request, prayer; er
su b. allra var, at, we all beg, that;
skaltu veita mer b. J)a {grant me the
request), er ek mun bi3ja Jjik ; fel'a b.
at e-m, til e-s, to entreat one ; gera
e-t at been e-s, at his entreaty or
prayer ; vera (liggja) d boenum, to
be at prayers ; biSja b. sinni, boenar
sinnar til gu8s, to pray to God; g63r
bcena, ready or willing to grant a
request (konungr var g65r boena).
boena (-da, -dr), v. to request, en-
treat, pray (b. e-n).
boena-fullting, n. the support of
prayers ; -g0rc5, f. = -hald, n. {say-
ing) prayers (H. gekk hverja nott til
kirkju til -halds).
boenahalds-matSr, m. one who
prays, religious ma?i (-maSr mikill).
boena-hus, n. = boenhus ; -kail, n.
calling upon (God) in player 'y
-kraptr, m. power of prayer.
bcBnar-br6f, n. petition ; -ort5, n. pi.
(1) entreaty, prayer; (2) ivooing,
courtship; -stat5r, m. (i) place of
worship ; (2) request, entreaty (pat
er -staSr minn til allrar alj)y8u, at) ;
-timi, m. hour of prayers.
bcena-stat^r, m. (i) = boenarsta3r I.;
(2) = boenarsta6r 2.; i. {)vi er mdr
-staQr, at, / beg, that ; gera e-t fyrir
-sta5 e-s, to do a thing at one's inter-
cession ; -traust, n. confidence in one's
prayer or intercession (fela sik undir
-traust e-s).
bcen-bifast (at5), v. refl. to be moved
by prayers; -heyrtSr, pp. willing to
hear one's prayers ; (gorast -heyrQr
v\b e-n) ; -hus, n. house of prayer,
chapel ; -roekinn, a. diligent in
prayer.
boer (gen. boejar, pi. -ir, dat. -jum),
m. {\) fa?'7?i house, farmstead ; reisa,
gora, setja boe, efna til bcejar, to build
a far >7i stead; (2) far/n, la7ided estate
(nil bua tveir menn "k einum boe ec5a
fleirij ; (3) to%v7i ; 1 boe ok 1 hera5i =
i kaupangri ok i heraSi ; borgir ok
bceir, castles a7id towns.
boeta (-tta, -ttr), v. (l) to better ^
i77iprove (ar Jiosr, sem mikit boeta
landit) ; b. xi.h sitt {to better one's
conditio7t) ok biSja konu ; b. aptr, to
restore; b. at e-u, to repair; b. upp
borg, to repair it; {2) to 77iake up for ^
C077ipe7isate ; ef J)er vilit eigi b. (7nake
up for) t)at er per hafit brotit ; b.
gloep sinn, syndir sinar, to atone for
BCETANDI
[83]
DAGMALA-TID
onis crime, sins ; b. e-m e-t, to com-
pensate one for a thing (=b. e-t vi5
e-n) ; Styrr v^ morg vig, en boetti
engi {viz. vig', S. slew many men,
hit paid for none; b. mann fe (dat.),
to pay weregild for one slain (Hrafn-
kell bcetti engan mann fe); b. sdl
sina, to devote one's efforts to the
saving of one's soul ; b. um e-t, to
improve a thing; ekki boetist um,
matters groiu worse ; b. yfir e-t, to
make good again, redress ; (3) /^ heal,
restore to health ; gu3 bcEtti honum
af Jiessi sott. God healed him of that
disease ; with gen. of the disease ; b.
e-m sinnar vanheilsu, to restore one
to health ; refl., e-m boetist, one gets
better, is restored to health ; with gen.
of the disease (bcEttist Bua augna-
verkjarins).
boetandi (pi. -endr), m. 07ie who
has to pay weregild.
boettr, pp. (cf. 'boeta') atoned for \
er mer ekki sonr minn at boettari,
pott Bolii se drepinn, my son's death
is none the more atoned' for though B.
is slain ; ok er eigi at boettra, pott,
things are no better, though.
boexl, n. shoulder of a dragon ;
flipper of a whale.
boS (gen. botSvar), f. poet, battle.
botS-froGkinn, a. valiant in battle^
warlike.
botJvast (atS), v. refl. to become
quarrelsome (bo6va3ist at vini).
boggull, m. a small bag, bundle, a
nickname.
bol (dat. bolvi; gen. pi. bolva), n.
bale, misfortune (pd er botin nasst, er
boht er haest).
bol-boen, f. imp^-ecation ; -fengi, f.
malice ; -fenginn, a. evil-minded.
bollottr, a. ball-shaped, round like
a ball (bollott eggskurn).
bollr (gen. ballar, dat. belli; pi.
bellir, ace. bollu), m. (i) ball, globe
(b. jarSar) ; (2) b. svinfylkingar, the
front of a phalanx.
bol-rann, n. house of woe ; -stafir,
m. pi. 'evil runes*, misfortune.
bolva (a$),v. (l) to curse, yi'iih. dat.;
(2) to swear.
bolvan, f. curse, imprecation,
bolva-smiSr, m. the contriver of
mischief (Loki).
bol-via?, a. ^ balewise\ ?naligna?it,
mischievous.
borkr (gen. barkar, dat. berki), m.
bark (d berki ok a bac5mi).
borr, m. a kind of tree ; b. skjaldar,
warrior (poet.).
bdrur, f. pl. = barar, barir.
dafla (atS), v. to dabble {splash) with
the oars (pu skalt d. i drum).
dafna (acS), v. to thrive (hann nam
at vaxa ok vel dafna).
daga (a^), v. impers., to dawn;
eptir um morguninn er trautt var
dagat, at early dawn ; e-n dagar uppi,
the day dawns upon one (of dwarfs
and giants).
daga-kaup, n. daily wages ; fara
me6 -kaup. to work for daily wages,
be a day-labourer.
dagan, f. dawn, daybreak.
daga-tal, n. tale of days.
dag-baS, n. daily bath; -bolli, m.
^ day-bow r (a vessel containing
sufficient wine for a whole day) ;
-drykkja, f. day-drinking (beginning
after the ' dagverdr ') ; -far, n., in the
phrase, fara -fari (dat.) ok ndttfari, to
travel day and ?tight; -fasta, {.fast-
ing by day ; -fdtt, a. n., in the phrase,
e-m verSr -fdtt, the day is not long
enough for one ; -ferS, -for, f. days
joicr?tey ; -ganga, f. day's walk ;
-langr, a. day-long, lasting all day
(-langt erfi6i) ; -langt, as adv., all
through the day \ -leiS, f. day's
journey (fara fullum dagleiSum) ;
-lengis. adv. all day long, = -\^.r\%\.;
-liga, adv. daily, every day ; -ligr, a.
daily, occurring every day ; -mal, n.
pi. the time about 9 o^ clock a.m.
dagmala-skeiS, n., -tit5, f. = dagmdi.
DAG-MESSA
[84]
DAK^MDRK
dag-messa, f. day-mass (held at
* dagmil ') ; -mcgr, m. * son of the
day ', poet. 7;tan.
dagr (gen. dags, dat. degi ; pi.
dagar), m. (i) day; at kveldi skal
dag leyfa, a/ eventide shall the day be
praised ; dagr kemr upp i austri, sezt
i vestri, the day rises in the east, sets
in the west ; ondverSr d., the early
day, forenoon ; midr d., midday ;
hallandi d., declining day ; at kveldi
dags, si6 dags, late m the day ; sannr
(em d., true as day ; i dag, to-day ; i.
sor um) daginn, diu'ing the day ;
sama dags, the same day ; annan dag,
the next day ; annars dags, atiother
day; hindra dags, the day after,
to-7norrow; dag fra degi, hvern dag
fra 65rum, from day to day ; dag
eptir dag, day after day ; nott ok dag,
night a?id day ; dogunum optar,
more titnes than there are days, over
and over again ; a deyjanda degi, on
one^s death-day ; (2) pi., days, times;
ef aSrir dagar (better days) koma ;
goSir dagar, happy days ; (3) esp. pi.,
lifetime; a dogum e-s, um daga e-s,
in the days of, duri?ig or in the reign
of; eptir minn dag, when I af?i dead
(gaf honum alia sina eign eptir sinn
dag) ; matti harm eigi lengr gefa en
um sina daga, tha?i for his lifetime ;
ri3a (taka) e-n af dogum, to put to
death.
dag-rat5, n. (i) convenient time (for
doing a thing) ; (2) leita -ra3s, to be an
observer of days or times (menn skulu
eigi leita -rdSs at syslu sinni) ; -rotSr,
m. day'^s rowing; -sannr, a. plain
{true) as day ; fii segir -sanna ( = hit
-sanna), the obvious truth.
dags-brun, f. the first streak of day-
light, daybreak.
dag-setr, n. nightfall (um kveld
naer -setri).
dagsetrs-skeic5, n. the time about
nightfall,
dag-sett, pp. n., er -sett var, when
the day was at an end, at nightfall.
dags-hald, n. the celebration of a
day ; -helgr (gen. -helgar), f.
hallowedness of a day.
dag-skemtan, f. pastit^ie ; -slgarr.
a. shunning the daylight ; -slatta, f.
day's 7nowing ( = three quarters of an
acre of grassland).
dags-]j6s, n. daylight; -magn, n.,
at -magni oernu, in full daylight ;
-munr, m. a day's differe7ice (sva at
-mun ser a).
dag-starf, n. day's work; -stingr,
m. daybreak (rare) ; -stjarna, f. the
morning star; -stund, f. (i) day
ti??ie, a whole day ; (2) an hour of the
day ; -stoett, a. n. fixed as to the day
(eigi hofum ver fundit -stoett, nser
signaSr Thomas var kjorinn til erki-
biskups).
dags-upprds, f. dawn, daybreak ;
-verk, n. = dagstarf.
dag-tiSir, f. pi. day- service ; -timi,
m. the tiine of daylight.
dag-veizla, f. help to win the day.
dagvercSar-bor^, n. day-meal table
(sitja, snseSa, at -borSi) ; -drykkja, f.
the drinking after dagverSr, = dag-
dry kkj a ; -mdl, n. tJie time of the day-
meal.
dag-verc5r (-ver^ar, -vertSi, pi.
-verSir), m. *• day-meaV (the chief
meal, taken at the time of ' dagmal '),
= dogurSr ; -villr, a. not knowing
what day it is, = daga villr ; -voxtr,
m. growth of a day ; vaxa -voxtum,
to grow visibly day by day ; -ping, n.
appointed 7neeti?ig, conference ; -J)inga
(atS), V. negotiate (vid e-n um e-t) ;
-J)ingan, f. (i) negotiation ; (2) agree-
inent between pai'ties.
dala (aS), v. impers. to become
dented (daladi ekki ne sprakk).
dal-bui, m. = -byggi ; -bygS, f . dale-
country ; -byggi (pi. -jar), m. dweller
in a dale ; -land, n. dale-grotmd.
dalmatika, f. dalmatic.
dalr (gen. dais, dat. dal or dali ;
pi. dalar or dalir), m. dale, valley
(djupir dalir).
dals-botn, m. bottotn (= head) of a
dale ; -mynni, n. mouth of a dale,
dal-verpi, n. little dale.
Dana-konungr, m. King of the
Danes ; -veldi, n. the Danish empire ;
-virki, n. the Danish wall,
Danir, m. pi. the Danes.
Danmork, f. Denmark,
DANS
[85]
DAUD-ViENN
dans» m. (i) dance ^ daficing \ (2)
dance-tune \ sla d., to strike tip a
dance-time \ (3) ballad (t)eir g0r3u
um hann dansa marga).
dansa (a5), v. to dance,
dan ska, f. Danish (language).
danskr, a. Danish ; donsk tunga,
the Da?iish {or old Scandinavian)
language.
dans-leikr, m. dance, dancing.
dapi, m. pool, puddle, a nickname.
dapr (ace. dapran), a. downcast,
sad', of things, dreary (d. dagr,
daprar n£etr, dopr heimkynni).
daprast (acS), v. refl. to become
faint ; dapraSist honum sundit, the
swinijning became difficult for him.
dapr-eygcSr, 2i. weak-sighted', -ligr,
a. dismal, sad', daprlig asjona, « ja^f
look ; daprlig kona, a dismal-lookitig
woma7t ; daprligir draumar, dismal
d?'eafns.
darr, n. spear, dart', darra^r (gen.
-ar), m.=darr; vefr darraQar, web of
spears, woof of war.
dasatSr, pp. weary and exhausted
(from cold or bodily exertion).
dasast (at5), v. refl. to becofne weary
and exhausted.
datta (atS), v. to throb ; dattaSi
hjarta bans vi6, his heart sank.
dautSa-bond, n. pi. (i) bonds of
death ; (2) wrappings for the dead,
winding-sheet', -dagr, m. death-day,
dying day, -domr, m. sentence of
death ; -drep, n. plague ; -dreyri, m.
blood of death ; -drukkinn, pp. dead-
drtmk ; -drykkr, m. deadly draught ;
-dvol, f . delay of one's death ; -dcegr,
n. death-day, -doemdr, pp. doo7ned
to death ; -fleinn, m. deadly shaft ;
-floS, n. plague-, -fylgja, f. ^ death-
fetch\ an apparition boding one's
death ; -jorS, f. hell, opp. to 'jor5
lifandi manna ', 'udainsakr ',/<?r«^zj<? ;
-kraptr, m. deadly power; -kvol, f .
death-pang \ -kyn, n. manner of
death ; -litr, m. colour {pallor) of
death ; -maSr, m. a man doomed to
death ; vilja hafa e-n at -manni, to
seek his life ; -mark, n. sign of death ;
-mein, n. moital disease; -net, n.
the net of death (draga -net at e-m) ;
-ort5, n. = banaor3 ; segja -or6 e-s. to
relate one's death ; -pina, f. capital
punishment (pola -pinu) ; -raS, n.the
planni?ig of a person's death, = ha.na.-
rdd ; -rog, n. deadly slander; -skattr,
m. tribute of death ; -skellr, m. death-
blow ; a nassta dag eptir datt honum
-skellr, he was surprised by death ;
-skuld, f. the debt of nature (gjalda
-skuld) ; -slag, n. death-blow; veita
e-m -slag, to strike 07ie dead; -slig,
n. deadly strain (of the muscles or
tendons, of a horse) ; -snara, f. snare
of death ; -sonr, m. = -ma6r ; -steytr,
m. = -slag ; -stingr, m. deadly thrust ;
setja e-m -sting, to kill one ; -stund,
f. hour of death ; -svefn, m. deadly
swoon, fatal sleep ; -svertS, n. fatal
sword; -sok, f. (i) cause of one's
death ; (2) tnatter of death, a deed
deserving death ; -takn, n. token of
death ; -utlegtS, f. penalty of death ;
-verk, n. = -sok 2.
dau$-dagi, m. death, manner of
death ; -drukkinn, pp. = dau5adrukk-
inn ; -foerandi, pr. p. death-bringing,
deadly (-foeranda gras, eitr).
dautSi, m. death ; taka dauSa, to
fneet one's death, die ; d. ferr i. e-n,
one is sicrprised by death ; draga e-m
til dauSa, to cause one s death : sa
vegr, er til daucia dregr, that leads to
death ; liggja fyrir dauSanum, to be
dying or on the point of death »
daucS-leikr, m. (i) deadness, lifeless-
ness ; (2) the state of being mortal,
mortality ; -liga, adv. mortally ;
-ligr, a. (l) deadly, fatal (-ligr harmr,
-lig synd, -ligt eitr) ; (2) liable to
death, mortal {-Xx-gx maSr).
dau(5r (gen. dau(5s), m. = dauQi
(drepa, brenna, e-n til dauQs).
dauSr, a. (i) dead; verSa, vera, d., to
become dead, die ; falla nidr d., to drop
down dead ; ganga d., to reappear (of
ghosts), = ganga aptr ; (2) inanimate
(dautt f^, opp. to ' kvikfe ').
dautS-staddr, a. dying, at the point
of death ; -stra, n. pi., in the phrase,
liggja i. -stram, to be dyiftg (cf.
Mikstrd', 'nastrd') ; -vdna, a. indecl.
= dau6v2enn 2; -vaenn, a. (i) deadly,
fatal (-vaenn drykkr) ; (2) sinking
DAUD-YFLI
[86]
DEILA
fast, -past all hope ; -yfli, n. lifeless
thing, carcase.
dauf-hejrrast (t5), v. refl. to tiirn a
deaf ear to (vi5 e-t) ; -heyrSr, a.
turning a deaf ear to (vi6 e-t) ;
-leikr, m. slothftilness, sloth ; -lig-
leikr, m. dullness; -ligr, a. lonely,
dull {J)6tti honum daufligt).
daufr, a. ^'^^/"(dumbir ok daufir).
daiinatSr, a., ilia d., evil-smelling.
daun-mikill, a. havi7ig a strong
{bad) smell.
daunn, m. bad smell, opp. to * ilmr '.
daun-semd, f. stench, stink.
daunsna (atS), v. to smell {sniff) at.
dauss, m. the two at dice, deiice ;
kasta daus ok ^s, to throw deuce-ace.
da (ddi, datSa, ddSr), v. to admire
(daSu menn mjok dans bans) ; refl.,
ddst at e-m, to admire otie.
da, n. trance, senseless state (falla i
dd, liggja 1 dai).
daS, f. (i) ^f<?^/; drygja d., to do a
daring deed; (2) valour, energy (ef
nokkur d. er i J)er) ; (3) 7nerit, virtue
(syndalauss ok allra da3a fullr).
dat5a-fullr, a. deedful\ -lauss, a.
I'oluptuous, sensual.
da$-lauss, a. inactive, sluggish,
spiritless ; -leysi, n. dastardli?iess ;
-leysingi (pi. -jar), m. a good-for-
nothing, worthless person ; -rakkr, a.
valiant, doughty ; -semi, f. bravery ;
-vandr, a. virtuous.
daendi or daindi, n. (i) excellence',
(2) admiration ; (3) miracle.
da-leikar, m. pi. intimacy,
dd-liga, adv. badly ; -ligr, a. bad,
evil ; poor, wretched.
dalkr, ts\.{\) a pin (to fasten a cloak
with) ; (2) dagger.
damaSr, a. tasted, flavoured (t)at er
ddmat allikt mungdti).
ddm-goSr, a. well-flavoured.
ddmr, nx. flavour (illr d.).
ddnar-arfr, m. inherita7ice froi?i one
deceased ; -dagr, m., -doegr, n. (^<;zy of
death ; -f6, n.=-arfr.
ddr, n. i-<r<?^; draga d. at e-m, to
ffiake game or jest of one, to ridicule
one ; cf. ' ddra '.
ddr, a., scarcely used except in the
neut., *datt,' (l) e-m verSr datt vi3
e-t, one is startled at a thing (vi6 \)2m
tiSendi var3 honum svd datt, sem
hann vasri steini lostinn) ; (2) e-m
verdr datt um e-t, one is pleased with
a thing', svd var d^tt me6 J^eim, at,
they were on stich friendly terms that ;
gera sdr datt vi3 e-n, to be very
fafniliar with one ; l)a var nu 1 datt
efni komit, they had cojne to be good
friends.
dara (aS), v. (i) to mock, j?iake
sport of one, with ace. ; (2) to impose
upon one ; d. e-t af e-m, to cheat one
out of a thing.
dara-samligr, a. foolish ; -skapr,
m. (i) scoff, mockery; gora -skap at
e-u, to make sport of', (2) imposition^
fraud.
dari, m.fool, buffoon.
daru-skapr, m. = daraskapr.
da-sama (atS), v. to admire ;
-samandi, admi?'able ; -samliga, adv.
admirably, wonderfully ; -samligr, a.
admirable, wonderful ; -senad, f. (i)
admiration ; (2) marvellous glory ;
-semi, f. = -semd.
dasi, m. sluggard.
dd-vaenn, a. very pretty.
deging, f. dawn, dawning.
degradera (at5), v. degrade, dismiss
(d. e-n af vigslu).
deig, n. dough.
deigja (-t5a, -t5r), v. to make soft,
to weaken.
deigja, f. seri'ant-tnaid, dairy-
maid (deigja e3r onnur hjiin).
deigr, a. (l) soft, of metal; (2)
timid, cowajdly.
deila (-da, -dr), v. fi) to divide into
parts ; su i., er deilir me6 jotna
sonum grund ok me6 goSum, that
river which parts the giants and the
gods ; allt {)at land, er vatnsfoll deila
til sjofar, of which the divers form
the boundaries down to the sea ; vildi
H. baeSi kjosa ok d., H. would both
choose and deal (viz. divide the catch
in shares and choose for himself the
share he liked best) ; lata e-n kjosa
ok d., /^ give one an arbitrary power
in a case ; with dat. (hversu ma
keisarinn d. ser i tva staSi) ; (2) to
deal outf apportion^ allot ; deildr
DEILA
[87]
DEYPA
hlutr, a share allotted to one\ d.
dogurS, mat d mdlum, to deal out
portions of food in a household] d.
\\g meS verum, to deal victory fairly
among men ; (3) to disti?iguishy dis-
cern, = greina ; eptir {)at sd sol ok
mdtti J)d d. aettir, they could then
discern the quarte7'S of heaven ; d.
liti, to discern colours ; eigi deilir litr
kosti (ace. pi.), colour is no sure test
of the quality ; (4) to busy or occupy
oneself withy deal with (engi maSr i.
onnur mil at d. i kirkju, nema biSja
fyrir sdr) ; hann vi6 Rig runar deilcli,
he capped runes {spells) with R,\ d.
orSspeki vi6 e-n, to contend in learning
with one ; J)6tt hringbrotar heiptir
deili, though men hate one another ;
d. knlf ok kjotstykki, to share knife
and meat ; (5) d. vi3 e-n, to quarrel
with one (d. vi6 heimska hali) ;
deili grom vi5 I)ik, may the fiends
bandy words with thee ; d. um e-t, to
quarrel, contest about ; J)eir deildu
um {they had a lawsuit about) jarQir ;
d. i e-n, to contefta against one ; d.
illyrSum, illdeildum, to chide, abuse
one another ; d. afli, ofriki, vi5 e-n, to
deal harshly and overbearingly with
one ; impers., ef i J)at deilir, if there
be dissent on that point ; ef i deilir
me6 J)eim, if they disagree ; (6) to be
master of possess (d. bauga, f^) ; hug
skaltu d., thou shalt control thy
mind [feelings) ; J)ar er munu6 deilir,
when love is concerned, iJi a 7natter
of love-, (7) refl., deilast, to spread,
branch off \s^i. vi6a sem kristni deilist
um heim) ; medan mer deilist lifit til,
as long as life is granted me ; d. at
e-u, to disagree about a thing.
deila, f. disagreement, contest ; eiga,
halda, deilu vi5 e-n, to quarrel or
contend with one.
deild, f. (i) dole, share', fara at
deildum, to be parcelled out \ fa illt or
deildum, to get a bad share, be
worsted; inokkurri d., /«;//)/ ; i a6ra
d., i J)ri5ju d., secondly, thif-dly \ (2)
quarrel, contest, litigatioti ; leggja
mil i d., to make a matter the subject
of a lawsuit.
deildar-arfr, m. inheritance in
shares ; -lit5, n. strong body of men
that can be divided in detachments.
deili, n. pi. distinctive features ;
kunna, vita oil (engi) d. i. e-u, to
know all {nothing) about a thing', sa
J)6 oil d. a. honum, all his features
were visible.
deilir, m. one who deals out, dis-
tribh'tor ; bauga d., giver of rings ;
sverSa d., warrior, hero (poet.).
deilis-steinn, m. boundary stone.
deilu-efni, n. matter of disptite ;
-g-jarn, a. quarrelsome, contentious',
-mal, n. quarrel ; -vsenligr, a. likely
to lead to a quarrel.
dekan (pi. -ar), m. deacon, = d^)^vi.
dekreta (aS), v. to decree (rare).
dekreta, f. decree (rare).
dengS, f., denging, f. the sharpening
of a scythe by hanunering (cf. ' le-
denging').
dengir, m. one who hatnmers or
sharpens, a nickname.
dengja (-da, -dr), v. (i) to beat, to
ha7?imer', (2) to sharpen (a scythe) by
hajnmering \ {3) to egg on.
depill (dat. depli), m. spot, dot.
des (-jar, -jar), f. hay-rick.
detta (dett ; datt, duttum ; dott-
inn), V. to drop, fall', d. ni6r daudr,
to drop down dead; duttu ftasr of an,
they tu7nbled down ; sau6f^na6r datt
nidr unnvorpum {dropped down, died
sudde7ily, in heaps) i megrd ; spjot
dettr or hendi e-m, the spear drops
out of one's hand ; dauSinn dettr a,
comes on suddenly ; datt nor6anve6rit
1 logn, the north wi7idfell altogether ;
lata e-t d. ni6r, to let a 77iatter drop.
dett-hendr, a. a kind of 77iet7'e.
detti-yrtSi, n. scoff, sneers.
dettr, m. thu7np (heyrSu t)eir brest
ok dett sem nakkvat felli).
dett-yr^i, n. = detti-yr6i.
deyc5a (-dda, -ddr), v. (i) to kill,
put to death ; (2) to 77iake mill a7id
void (d. dom) ; d. likamliga lostu,
girndir holdsins, d. sik, to 7nortify the
lus4s of the flesh.
deySr, a. deserving of, liable to,
death (draepr ok d.).
deyfa (-Sa, -tSr), v. (l) to make deaf
(daufr) ; impers., hann deyfSi, he
DEYFD
L88]
DJARF-M^LTR
became deaf\ (2) to make blunt (d.
^'g'g^ sverS, vdpn) ; (3) to soothe^ allay
(d. kvalar, sakar).
deyf t5, f., deyfi, f. deafness.
deyja (dey ; do, doum ; ddinn), v.
to die (deyr fe, deyja frasndr) ; hann do
af eitri, or sarum, he died of poison,
from wounds ; d deyjanda degi, on
one's dyinc day, on one's deathbed] of
a limb (do fotleggrinn allr) ; of inani-
mate things, dainn arfr, an inheritance
left to the heir.
deyna (-da, -t), v. to stink,
deyning, f. stink, stench.
digla (aS), v. to drip (diglaSi
niSr lir kyrtlinum).
digna (atS), v. {\) to lose temper (of
steel) ; [2) to lose heart.
digr (ace. digran), a. (l) big, stout,
opp. to 'grannr' ; d. sem naut, big as
an OX', d. fotr, a big leg; hon gekk
d. med tvelm, she was big with
twins ; (2) thick, = l)jokkr, opp. to
* J)unnr * ; digrt belti, a thick belt ;
nautssiSa feit ok d., a fat and thick
side of beef; (3) of sound, deep (J)at
hljod er digrara) ; (4) big, haughty ;
digr or6, big words, threats ; gera sik
digran, to pii^ oneself up.
digrast (atS), v. refl. (i) to grow big,
of a pregnant woman ; (2) to make one-
self big, become haughty (eigi digrast
hann e6a drambar).
digr-barkliga, adv. haughtily ^ boast-
fully (Mta, masla, -barkliga).
digr-beinn, a. big-legged.
digrtS, f. bigness, thickness.
digr-halsat$r, a. big-necked, — \\ii\s-
digr; -leikr, m. (i) bigness; (2) of
sound, deepness, lowness of pitch ;
-liga, adv. haughtily (Idta -liga) ;
-ligr, a. big, haughty (-lig or6, and-
svor) ; -neigat5r, a. big-nosed, — nef-
<iigr ; "yrt$i, n. pi. big words.
digull (pi. diglar), m. (i) « hanging
drop, drip ; (2) crtccible, melting-pot.
dik, n. run, leap ; taka d., to take to
runni7ig.
dikt, n. co7nposition in Lati?i.
dikta (at5), v. (i) to compose in
Latin (d. ok skrifa bref d L^tinu) ;
(2) to bring about, make; (3) to
invent^ devise^ think out (hann gerir
i. somu lei6 sem fjandinn fyrir honum
diktar).
diktan, f. composition in Latin,
diktr, m. = dikt (rare).
dilk-fe, n. ewes together with their
lambs (dilkfjdreign).
dilkr, m. a sucking-lamb, kid, calfy
pig (J)6tt kyr leiSi dilka).
dilks-hofutS, n. lamb's head.
dilk-ser, f. a ewe with a lamb.
dimina (aS), v. to make dark^
darken; impers., um kveldit, er d.
tok, when it began to grow dark;
tekr at d. af nott, the night comes on ;
refl., dimmast, to grow dark (er nott
dimmaciist).
dimma, f. darkness (d. naetrinnar);
dimmu dregr i. e-t, it begins to look
gloomy, threatening.
dimm-hljoSr, a. = dimmradda3r.
dimmr, a. difn, dark, gloomy;
dokkt ok dimmt s'k)f, a dim and dark
cloud ; e-m verSr dimmt fyrir augum,
one sees ditnly.
dimm-raddaSr, a. deep-voiced.
dirfa (-tSa, -t), v. to make bold; esp.
d. sik or dirfast, to dare ; dirfast til
e-s or at e-u, to have courage for a
thing; boendr dirfSust mjok vi5
Birkibeina, becafne bold, tjnpudent ;
dirfast at gera e-t, to dare to do a
thing.
dirfS, f. boldness, courage,
dirokkr, m. drudge.
diskorda (atS), v. to disagree with
(viQ e-n).
diskr (-S, -ar), m. plate, dish.
disputa (atS), disputera (at5), v. to
dispute.
diar, m. -pX. gods or priests.
diki, m. dike, ditch.
dili, m. spot, mark.
dis (pi. disir), f. (i) sister (heitir
ok systir d.); (2) a female guardian
angel, goddess ; (3) 7naid.
disa-blot, n. a sacrifice to the disir ;
-salr, m. hall {temple) of the disir.
divisera (atS), v. to distribute.
djarf-leikr, m. boldness, courage;
-liga, adv. (i) boldly; (2) certainly
(Jjat vaeri -liga minn dauSi) ; -ligr, a.
bold, daring ; -m.annligr, a. bold-
looking; -msBltr, a. bold of speech.
DJAKPR
[89]
d6mr
djarfi", a. bold, daring (d. f orrust-
um) ; d. ok dularfullr, ijnpudent and
arrogant,
djarf-toeki, n. boldness in taking \
-tcBkr, a. bold in taking.
djdkn (-8, -ar), m., djakni, m.
deacon.
djdsn, n. diadem.
djup, n. (l) deep water, deep place ;
(2) the deep sea, deep (kastaSi hann
0xinni fyrir borcJ d djupi) ; (3) pit (d.
helvitis).
djup-auSigr, a. very rich ; -hugatSr,
a. sagacious, ingenious', -hyggja, f.
sagacity ; -leikr, m. depth ; -ligr, a.
deep, profound (-lig rad).
djupr, a. ( i) deep (d. saer, djup tjorn,
djupt vatn) ; d. hottr, a deep hat
(coming down over the eyes) ; (2)
heavy, severe (djup laun ok ill) ; neut.,
djupt, as adv., deep^ deeply ; leggjast
djupt, to dive deep.
djup-ratSr, -ratSugr, a. deep-coun-
selling, cunning', -reBtSi, n. deep-
scheming', -settr, pp. (i) deep-laid
(-sett rd^6, or6) ; (2) deep, penetrating.
djiips-hofn, {.fishing-line.
djup-s8Bi, f. deep-seeing, penetration.
djup-s8Br, a. penetrating] -utSigr,
a. deep-minded', -vitr, a. deeply
wise, profound, sagacious.
djofla-blot, n. worshipping of
devils ; -flokkr, m. host of devils ;
-mot, n. meeting of devils.
djofull (dat. §'ofli, pi. djoflar), m.
devil', freq. as a term of abuse (taki
l)er djoful {)enna).
djoful-ligr, a. devilish.
dj6ful-6$r, 2i. possessed.
djofuls-kraptr, m. diabolical power \
-prestr, x^-x. priest of the devil.
djoful-oerr, a. = dj6ful66r.
djorfung, f. boldness^ daring feat (J)d
djorfung J)or6i engi at g0ra).
djorfungar-fullr, a. bold, audacious.
do(5ka, f. a kind of bird.
doSna (aS), v. to become insensible.
dot$r-kvisa, f. a kind of bird.
dofi, m. torpor, numbness ; dofinn,
a. benumbed, dead (d. er mer fotr
minn) ; dofna (atS), v. to lose vitality
or force, to become benumbed ( eitrormar-
nir dofna af naetr kuldanum) ; to be
come dead, of limbs (dofnaSi hondin) ;
hugrinn dofnar, the mitid gets heavy ;
impers., dofnar yfir e-u, the matter
begins to die down.
doki, m. strip, shred (ri'sta blaejur f
sundr i doka).
dokka, f. windlass.
doparr, m., doppa, f. knob, boss (of
metal).
dorg, f. trailing-line ({jeir reru me3
dorgar sinar at sma-fiski).
dottr, m. a poor, wretched creature
(hestr er I)eir kalla dott).
dolg, n. direful enmity ; dolg-liga,
adv. in a hostile ma7i7ier (Idta -liga).
dolgr, m. enefnyy fiend \ dauSir
dolgar, ghosts.
d6]g-rognir, m. poet, warrior'^
-spor, n. gaping zvounds ; -vit5r, m.
= -rognir.
doma-dagr, doomsday, = dL6v[\sd^gr.
domandi (pi. -endrj, m. judge, =
domari.
domara-saBti, n. judgement-seat,
domari, m. judge (domarans er at
sitja).
d6m-f6, n. fee or payment fixed by
sentence ; -festa, f. submitting to sub-
poena ; -flogi, m. defaulter (from
court) ; -hringr, m. fudge7nent-ri7ig''\
-bus, n. court-house ; -kirkja, f.
cathedral; -leggja (see leggja), v. to
lay before a court ; -ligr, a. judicial ;
-ligt 2AkM2e.^\, judgement ', -nefna, f.
the notnination of judges.
domr (-8, -ar), m. (i ) opinion, judge'
ment (d. um dauSan hvem); (2)
judicial decision, decree, jzidgement,
sentence', striSr d., a seve?-e judge-
mettt ; rettlatr i domum, impartial as
judge ; segja upp dom, to pronounce
{pass) sente?2ce', (3) court {of judica-
ture), the body of judges] ganga 1
dom, to go into court, take one^s seat
in court ; setja dom, to set the coiirt,
to let the judges take their seats ; sitja
1 domi, to sit in judgemefit or in
court ; nefna dom, to ?io7ninate {ap-
point) the jZidges ', scfckja mal i dom,
to prosecute a lawsuit in court ; hley-
pa upp domi, to break up the court by
force', bera \€ i dom, to bribe the
court 'i rySja dom, to challenge the
d6m-rop
[90]
DRAQA
court \ mdl ferr i dom, a case goes
into court ; (4) state ^ condition ;
heiSinn d., heathenism ; kristinn d.,
the Christian faith \ (5) heilagr d.,
helgir domar, relic^ relics ; (6) in
compds., -dom^ -head, -hood (gu5-
domr, Godhead^ manndomr, manhood^
konungdomr, kingdom, Qt'c).
dom-rof, n. disregard of judgement ;
-rutSning, f. challenging of judges.
doms-dagr, m. doomsday, day of
judgement (d -degi, J)d er gu5 kemr
at doema allt mannkyn).
dom-seta, f . sitti?ig in court, judge-
ment ; -setning, f. setting or opening
the court,
doms-matSr, m. judge', -or$, n.
judgement, sentence.
dom-spekt, f. acuteness of judge-
ment, wise discernment', -stat5r, m.
a place in which a court is held;
-stefna, f. summoning, citing', -stoll,
m. judgefftent-seat, tribunal', -saBti,
n. = -stoll ; -saetr, a. qualified to sit in
a court as lawful judge (eiga -ssett) ;
-varzla, f. the guarding of a court;
-vorzlumacSr, m. a 7nan who guards
the court.
dottir (gen., dat., and ace, dottur,
pi. doetr), f. daughter.
draf, n. draff, husks.
drafl, n. idle talk, tattle.
drafli, m. curdled milk when cooked.
drafla-yr$i, n.= drafl.
drafna (at$), v. to become rotten as
draff [di. sundr).
drag, n. ( I ) the iron ri7n U7tder the
keel of a boat or a sledge ; fig., leggja
d. undir ofmetnaS e-s, to encourage
one's pride ; (2) an additional line to
a stanza.
draga (dreg ; dro, drogum ; dreg-
inn), V. {\) to draw, drag, pull', d.
heim viSinn, to drag the logs ho7ne ;
d. drar, to pull the oars', absol.,
drogu l^eir skjott eptir, they soo7i
pulled up to them ; d. boga, to draw
the bow, d. segl, to hoist sails (=d.
upp segl) ; d. fisk, to catch, pull up
fish with a line ; d. kvernstein, to
turn the 77iill-sto7te, to grind', vi6
ramman mun reip at d., it will be
pulling a rope against a strong man,
i.e. it will be a difficult task ; (2) to
draw, inhale (d. ut)efjan med nosum) ;
d. nasir af e-u, to S7nell a thing ; d.
ondina, to breathe, live', (3) to pro-
cure, earn, gain (J^egar hann hafSi fe
dregit sem hann vildi) ; d. e-m e-t, to
procure {or get) 07te a thi7ig (eigi sog-
6ust t)eir vita, at hann droegi Haraldi
riki) : (4) to employ as a 7fieastcre (d.
kvarQa vi6 vaSmai) ; {$) to prolong,
protract (dvalir J^essar drogu timann) ;
(6) to delay, put off, defer', vii ek
J)essi svor ekki lata d. fyrir mer icngi,
/ will not wait long for these
answers ; hann dro um J)at engan
hlut, /z<? 77iade 710 subterfuge', (7) to
delineate, draw a picture (var dregit i.
skjoldinn leo me5 gulli) ; i {jann tima,
sem hann dregr klaeSafollin {the folds) ;
(8) to tri7n or li7ie gar7nents (treyjan
var dregin utan ok innan vi3 rau3u
silki) ; with dat., hjilmr hans var
dreginn leiri {overlaid with clay), er
i.hx var (dreginn) gulli ; (9) intrans.
to 7nove, draw ; drogu J)eir J)eim svd
naer {came so near to the7n), at ; (10)
with preps. ; d. fot, sk6k]as6i af e-m,
to pull off one^s clothes, shoes ; d.
hring af hendi ser, to take off a ring
fro77i 07ie's hand', dro hann J)a af
grunninu, he pulled them off the
shallow ; d. e-t af e-u, to draw,
derive fro7n a source ; d. e-t af, to
take off (t». hafSi Mtit af d. bruna) ;
d. e-t af vi3 e-n, to keep back, with-
hold, f7-077i one', man heSan af eigi af
dregit vi6 oss, henceforth we shall not
be neglected, stinted ; Egill dro at ser
skipit, E. pulled the ship close up to
hi7nself', d. vel at e-m, to draw wiles
arou7id 07ie', d. spott, skaup, at e-u,
to hold a thing tip to ridicule ; d. at
113, fong, to collect troops, stores ; dro
at honum sottin, the ilhiess drew
closer to hi77i, he s^rew worse ; impers.,
dro at msetti hans, dro at um mdtt
hans, his strength declined {fell off) ;
til J)ess er dro at degi, //// the day
drew near ; pd, er dregr at jolum,
when Yule drew 7iear ; dro at J)vi
{the ti7ne drew near), at hann vaeri
banvaenn ; tok fta at d. fast at heyjum
hans, his stock of hay was rapidly
DRAGA
[91]
DRAGA
diminishing ; sva dregr at m6r af elli,
svengd, J)orsta, / ain so overcome by
old age, hunger, thirst ; nu J)ykki mer
sem fast dragi at t)dr, that thou art
sinking fast ; d. bring a bond ser,
to put a ring on 07ie's hand; d.
(grun) 6. e-t, to suspect ; d. a vetr, to
rear through the winter {Hrafnkell
dro a vetr kalf ok ki6) ; impers.,
dregr a tunglit, the inooti is obscured
(= dregr myrkr d tunglit); dimmu
pykkir d. i. rdSit Odds, it looks as if
a cloud was dra'wi?ig over Odds'
affairs ; dregr a gledi biskups, the
bishop's gladness was obsc2ired\ d.
eptir e-m, to gain on one (f>6rarinn
sotti dkaft r63rinn ok bans menn, ok
drogu skjott eptir J)eim Steinolfi ok
Kjallaki); d. eptir e-m um e-t, to
approach one, be nearly equal to one,
in a thing ; um margar ijjrottir [in
many accomplish7nents) dro hann fast
eptir Olafi konungi ; d. e-t fram, to
produce, bring forward (d. fram
atbugasamlig doemi) ; to further,
promote (d. fram blut e-s) ; d. fram
kaupeyri sinn, to make money ; d.
fram skip, to launch a ship', impers.,
dregr fra, {cloud, darkness) is drawn
off; bratt stundum fyrir, en stundum
dro fra, {clouds) drew sometimes over,
sometimes off', dregr fyrir sol, tungl,
the sun, vioon, is obscured by clouds
or eclipse (tunglskin var Ijost, en
stundum dro fyrir) ; ok er i tok at d.
skurirnar, when showers began to
gather; d. e-3 saman, to collect,
gather (d. Ii3, ber, skip saman) ;
impers., saman dro kaupmiila me3
J)eim, they struck a bargain ; saman
dro hugi J)eirra, their hearts were
drawn together ; dregr J)a saman or
dregr saman me3 t)eim, the distance
between them grows less; d. e-t i
sundr, to draw asunder, disjoin (vil
ek eigi d. i sundr sasttir ySrar) ;
impers., dregr pa i sundr or dregr i
sundr me5 J)eim, the distance betweefi
them increases ; d. e-n til e-s, to
move, prompt, induce ; engi ofkasti
dregr mik til Jjessarar ferSar, it is
not fro7H wantonness that I undertake
this journey ; slikt dregr hann til vin-
sasldar, this furthers his popularity ,
ef bann droegi ekki til, if he was not
concer7ied; d. e-t til dcemis um e-t, to
adduce as a proof of; bann bet at d.
allt til sastta {to do everytlii7ig i7i his
power for reconciliatio7i) me5 t)eim
Skota konungi ; impers., nema til
verra dragi, unless 7natters tur7i out
for the worse ; witb dat., pat samband
peirra, er peim dregr baSum til bana,
which will prove fatal to both of
the77i ; at ber mundi til mikillar ugiptu
d. um kaup pessi, that much 7>iischief
would arise fro77i this ba7gain ; dro
pa enn til sundrpykkju me3 peim
Svium, the old feud with the Szvedes
began over again ; sva er pat, segir
R., ef ekki dregr til, unless so)ne un-
foreseen thing hafpe7is ; d. e-t undan
e-m, to seek to deprive one of a thi72g
(peir hafa bundizt i pvi at d. boendr
undan per) ; d. e-t undan, to delay
(drogu Skotar undan sasttina) ; bvi
dregr pu undan at bj66a mer til pin ?
why dost thou put off i7iviting 7ne to
co77ie ? ; d. rot undan (tolu), /^ extract
the root ; d. undan e-m, to escape
f7-077i one (nu Isegir seglin peirra ok
draga peir undan oss) ; imners., hann
(ace.) dro undan sem nau6uligast, he
had a narrow escape ; litt dro enn
undan vi3 pik, there was little chance
of drawing out of thy reach ; d. e-t
undir sik. to app7-op7-iate or take
fraudule7itly to oneself (haf5i dregit
undir sik finnskattinn) ; impers., dro
y6r (ace.) undir brakningina, en oss
(ace.) undan, you ca77ie i7t for hard
tisage, but we escaped; d. upp skip,
to drag a ship ashore ; d. upp segl, to
hoist a sail {sails) ; d. upp fisk, to
pull up fish with a li7ie ; impers.,
poku dregr upp, fog is co77ii7ig on ;
(ll) refl., dragast, to draw 07ieself,
7nove ; d. apir d lei3, to re7nai7t
behind; d. i. bendr e-m, to gather
around one ; d. a e-t, to give a partial
pro77iise (porvarSr drost a at \]i. Sturlu
sverSit, ok forst pat fyrir) ; d. a legg,
to grow up ; pegar bonum drost aldr,
when he grew tip ; e-m dragast
penningar, one 77takes 7noney ; berr,
li5, dregst e-m, troops gather round
DRAGA
[92]
DRAP-VEDR
one ; d. vel, ilia, to do well^ ill ; drost
\i. liSit mjok af kulda, the host
suffered muchfroin cold ; J)au diogust
{they prilled against each other,
fought) um einn gullhring ; Sigvaldi
dregst ut frd flotanum, 6". draws away
Jrom the fleets d. viO e-t, to becojue
discouraged.
draga, f. only in pi. 'diogur', (l)
timber carried on horseback and
trailing along the grotmd \ (2) metric,
term, repetition^ anadtpiosis (when a
stanza begins with the last word of
the preceding one).
dragi, m. trail or lojtg line of laden
horses.
drag-kyrtill, m. a trailing kirtle or
gown ; -loka, f. bolt ; fig. loiterer ;
-mall, a. drawling.
dragna (atS), v. /^ drag, trail oneself
along (hann dragnar sit3an heim at
burinu) ; refl., dragnast = dragna.
dragna-hross, n. a horse carrying
timber (' drogur ').
drag-ndl, f. bodkin ; -net, n. drag-
net ; -reip, n. halyard.
dragsa (^aS), v. to drag along.
drag-sitSr, a. trailing behind (-sidar
silkisloeSr).
dramb, n. (i) arrogance (ofbeldi ok
dramb) ; (2) pomp.
dramba (at5), v. to be haughty,
behave with arrogance (d. vi6 e-m,
1 moti e-m) ; d. at e-u, to pride one-
self on ; d. yfir ser, to boast ; d. yfir
e-m, to lord it over one, look dow?i
upon one.
dramban, f. haughty behaviour.
dramb-hosur, f . pi. a sort of * court-
breeches ' ; -lauss, a. tcnpresuming,
modest ; -Idtliga, adv. haughtily ;
-latr, a. haughty ; -Iseti, n. haughti-
ness, pride.
dramblsBtis-kona, 2l. proud woman.
dramb-samliga, adv. haughtily ;
-samligr, a. haughty (-samligr met-
TisJSx) ; -samr, a. haughty^ proud \
-semi, f. haughtiness^ pride.
drambsemis-andi, m. spirit of
pride ; -fotr, m. a foot showing pride
(hefja -fot i mot e-m) ; -hdls, m. a
haughty person.
drambs-fullr, a. arrogant.
dramb-skapr, m. arrogance.
drambs-matSr, m. a haughty person.
dramb-visi, f. = -semi ; -viss, a.=
-samr; -yrSi, n. pi. proud speech^
haughty language.
drangr (-s, -ar), m. a detached pillar
of rock.
drang-s'^einn, m. = drangr.
draaill, m. poet. ^^rj'^, = dr6sull.
dratta (a5j, v. to drag, trail oneself
along.
draug-hent, a. n. a sort of metre ;
-hus, n. pi. '■house of ghost s\ burial
mound (poet.).
draugr (-s, -ar), m. the dead i7i-
habitant of a cairn, ghost, spirit.
drauma-matSr, m. a great drea7ner ;
-raSning, f. reading of dreams ;
-skriinsl, n. dream-monster, pha?i-
tasm ; -vetr, m. winter of d?'eams.
draum-heill, n. divination by
dreams', -kona, f. ^ drea?n-wo77ian\
one who appears in dreams ; -ligr, a.
dream-like (-lig sjonhverfing) ; -m.atSr,
m. a man who appears in dreams ;
-orar, m. pi. dream-phantasies.
draumr (-s, -ar), m. dream ; eigi er
mark at draumum, dreams are not
zuorth noticing', segja e-m draum,
to tell one^s dream to another ; rd6a
draum, to read {interpret) a dream ;
d. raetist, a dream proves true ; vakna
eigi vi6 g65an draum, to awake from
a bad dreai7i ; e-m er draums, one
dreams, is in a trance.
draum-skrok, n. pi. dream-phan-
tasm ; -spakr, a. skilled in interpret-
ing dreafns ; -speki, f. skill in
interpreting dreams ; -spekingr, m.
a skilful ifiterpreter of dreams ;
-stoli, a. one who never dreams (of.
* J)at er eigi manns e6li, at hann
dreymi aldri ') ; -t)ing, n. assembly of
drea7ns, poet, sleep.
drak, draka, f. streak.
drap, n. slaughter, killing.
drdpa, f. a heroic latidatory poetn
with refrains in the central portion
(contrasted with 'flokkr').
drdp-gjarn, a. blood-thirsty.
drapu-mal, n. a lawsuit concerning
a drapa.
drdp-veSr, n. destructive gale.
drIttr
[93]
DRENGR
drdttr fgen. -ar, dat. drastti, pi.
draBttir, ace. drattu), m. (i) pull\
(2) drau^/it of fish ; draught of a
seine ; (3) hesitation, = undandrattr.
dregg (-jar, -jar), i. yeast, leaven.
dregill (dat. dregli), m. ribbon.
dreginn, pp. of ' draga'. (i) drawn,
pinched, starved (hestar mjok dreg-
nir) ; (2 1 io?ig (of vowels).
dreglat5r, pp. furnished with rib-
bons, laced.
dregla-liufa, f. a laced cap ; -liS, n.
soldiers decof'ated with ribbons, =
dreglat li6.
dreif, f. scattering ; drepa e-u d d., to
scatter aboict \ fig. to throw or cast
aside, to let drop ; {)eir drapu ollu
a d. um J)essa fyrir^Etlun, gave it up
altogether', (2) string or chain (valr-
inn komst hvergi, y^\\ at dreifarnar
heldu honum).
dreifa (-tSa, -tSr), v. (i) to scatter,
disperse, with dat. (dreif3a J)eir \>-k
ollu li6inu) ; to strew (tak duft ok
dreif d sarit) ; to spri7tkle (d. vatni
umhverfis stein) ; d. e-n bI66i or med
bl66i, to bedabble 07ie with blood \
reflex., dreifast, to be spread out \ (2)
to derive (d. or6 af ordi).
dreifing, f. scattering, diffusion ; d.
bl66s, effusion of blood.
dreif t, adv. scatteredly ; fara A., to
march in loose order (of troops).
dreita (-tta, -ttr), v., in the phrase,
d. e-n inni, to shut one up so as to
force him to ease himself {dxiidCj within
doors.
dreka-haror, m. slough of a dragon ;
-boeli, n, lair of a dragon ; -hofucS,
n. a dragon^ s head on a shifs prow ;
-liki, n. shape of a drag07t ; -merki,
n. a banner bearing the sign of a
dragon.
dreki, m. (i) dragon \ (2) ship of
war (bearing a dragon's head as an
ornament at the prow).
drekka (drekk ; drakk, drukkum ;
drukkinn), v.{\) to dritik (d. mjod,
61, mungdt) ; d. fidl, minni, horn, to
drink a toast, cup, horn ; d. drykk, to
drink a draught (pii skalt d. af tva
drykki) ; d. brjost, spena, to suck ;
i. limaelt, without measure ; d. fast
(mjok), to drink hard', d. e-n af
stokki, to drink 07ie under the table ;
d. ser litit vit, d. frd ser vit allt, to
dri7ik away one's reason ; {2) to hold,
celebrate a feast (d. veizlu, bruUaup,
erfi) ; (3) with preps., d. af keri, to
drink out of a vessel (drukku J^eir af
einu silfrkeri) ; to drink off [e^npty) a
vessel, cup (hann tok vi6 horninu ok
drakk af j ; d. a e-n, to drink to a
person ; refl., drekkast d, to dritik to
one another ; impers., drekkr a e-n,
one ships a sea ; d. til e-s = d. a e-n ;
d. e-t ut, to consic77ie or spend in
drinki7ig.
drekka, f. (i) drink, beverage ; (2)
a drinking feast or banquet ; M.g\s d.,
the dri7iking at ^gir's.
drekkandi, ger. drinkable (mdtti
hvergi vatn finna, J)at er drekkanda
vseri).
drekkja (-ta, -tr), v. fi) to put
under water, sub7nerge, with dat. (d.
skipi) ; drekktust ftrjar snekkjur fyrir
atroSri Jieirra, were sunk ; (2) to
drown ; impers., e-m drekkir, 07te gets
d7-owned ; (3) fig. to quell, suppress
(d. kristninni).
drenibi-liga, adv. haughtily.
drengi-liga, adv. bravely ; -ligr, a.
(l) brave, valia7it', {2) gene?'Ous.
drengja (-da, -dr), v., naut. term,
to bi7td fast, haul taut to a pole
(drengr).
drengja-val, n. a choice company of
gallant men.
dreng-leysi, n. want of generosity,
unf7ianliness ; -lundatSr, -Lyndr, a.
noble-7}ii7ided, generous ; -matSr, m.
(i) = drengr l ; (2) bachelor, opp. to
' bondi ' ; -mannligr, a. noble-77iinded,
gentle77ianly ; -menska, f. noble-
niindedness.
drengr (-s, pi. -ir, gen. -ja), m. (l)
a bold, valiant, chivalrous 77ian ; d.
g63r, a good-hearted, 7toble-minded
fnan (auSigr at fe ok d. g63r) ; ekki
Jjykki m^r J)u sterkr, en d. ertu g., but
thou art a good fellow ; drengir, en
eigi da5leysingjar, gallant 7nen, and
no faint-hearts ; at J)u maettir drengr-
inn af verSa sem beztr, thai you
might get the greatest credit from it \
DRENGS-ADAL
[94]
DREPA
hafa dreng i serk, to have a stout
heart in one's breast ; (2) <:? young,
unmarried man (drengir heita ungir
menn biilausir, meSan J)eir afla ser
fjdr eSa orSstirs) ; (3) attendant (t)eir
heita konungs drengir, er hofdingjum
J)i6na) ; {^\ fellow (leetr siQan sverSit
ri3a i. hdlsinn a peim leida dreng) ;
(5) pole, cf. ' dsdrengr '.
drengs-ac5al, n. the nature of a
drengr ; -bot, f. what makes a ma7t
the better drengr ; -bragtS, n. a brave
or gallant deed.
drengskapar-fall, n. failure in
drengskapr ; -raun^ f. test^ trial of
one's drengskapr.
dreng-skapr (gen. -skapar), m.
high-Diifidedness, courage ; falla me(5
-skap, to fall fighting bravely \ me6
litlum -skap, cowardly ; Jjinum -skap
[manliness) skal ek vic3 bregSa,
drengs-verk, n. a noble deed.
drep, n. (i) bodily hurt, blow (^at
er d. ef bein brotna) ; (2) killifig,
slaying, = d rap ; (3 ) plague, pestilence,
— drepsott ; (4) mortification, gan-
grene.
drepa (drep ; drap, drdpum ;
drepinn), v. I. with ace. or absol. ;
{\) to strike, beat, knock ; d. e-n vendi,
to strike one with a rod', hann tok
horpu sina ok drap strengi {struck the
strings) til sld-ttar ; d.. ]i.rr\, to hamfner
iron ; d. or d. hogg i. dyrr, to knock
at the door', d. botn lir keraldi, to
knock the bottom out of a tub ; at eigi
drepir J)u mik i djup, that you knock
me not into the deep ; d. 1 hel, i dau6a,
til heljar, to smite to death ; {2) to
kill, slay (skulu ver nu fara at honum
ok d. hann) ; (3) in a game of chess,
to take a piece {\>i. drap jarl af honum
riddara) ; (4) to produce by a blow or
blows ; d. eld, to stt'ike fire ( = d. upp
eld) ; d. sl66, to make a trail (dripu
kyrtlarnir doggsl66ina) ; (5) with
prepp., d. af, to kill, slaughter (cattle) ;
d. niSr, to kill off i^oXX hirSmenn J^inir
s6 drepnir ni6r sem svin) ; d. sik or
droma, to get rid of {throw off) a
fetter ; d. til e-s, to strike, hit, at one ;
d. e-t undir sik, to htock or drag down
(skaltu stand a hia, er fjandi sa drepr
mik undir sik); d. upp eld = d. eld;
d. e-t ut, to divulge a thing ; d. yfir
e-t, to hide, suppress ; drap hann
brdtt yfir {he soon mastered) harm
sinn ; (6) refl., drepast, to ferish, die,
esp. of cattle (f6 bans drapst aldri af
drephridum) ; recipr. to put one
a?tother to death (^a drepast menn
fyrir agirni sakir) ; d. menn fyrir, to
kill one another's 7nen ; (7) impers.,
drepr honum aldregi sky (ace.) 1 augu,
his eyes 7iever get clouded ; ofrkappit
(ace.) drepr fyrir {)eim {their high
spirits break down), t)egar hamingjan
brestr ; drap f)6 heldr i fyrir honum,
he rather grew worse, his eyes grew
weaker', nii drepr or hljoci (ace.) fyrst
or konunginum, the kifig became silent
at once ; J)d drap stall or hjarta bans,
his heart failed; ofan drap flaugina,
the vane was knocked down ; regn
(ace.) drepr i gegnum e-t, the raiti
beats through (the thatch) ; II. with
dat. ; (l) to put, thrust; hendi drap
a kampa, he put his hand to his
beard; d. foeti (fotum) 1 e-5, to strike
{k?tock) one's foot against, sttnnble
over (drap fotunum i J)r0skuldinn ok
la fallinn) ; d. hofSi, to droop (with)
the head (Egill drap hof6inn niSr i
feld sinn) ; d. fingri i munn ser, to put
the finger into the jnouth ; d. hendi til
e-s, vi3 e-m, to give o?te a slap with
the hand ; d. hendi vi3 e-u, to wave
away with the hand, to refuse a kind
offer (d. hendi vi6 bo3nu gulli) ; (2)
to tuck up the sleeves or skirts of a
garment (hann haf5i drepit upp skau-
tunum) ; d. hdri undir belti se'r, to
tuck the hair under the belt (of a
lady) ; (3) /^ dip, iminerse ; d. skeggi
{the beard) i BreiSafjord,/.? be drowned
in B. ; d. barni 1 vatn, to baptize a
child; (4) d. orQi, domi i. e-t, to talk,
judge of; d. huldu a e-t, to hide, keep
secret; d. e-u d dreif, see ' dreif ;
fig., d. 1 t.%% e-u, to turn a deaf ear
to; (5) to spoil (d. gleSi, teiti e-s) ;
d. kosti e-s, to destroy Okie's happi-
ness ; impers., drap f)d skjott kosti,
the cheer was soon gone ; (6) d. niSr
e-u, to suppress (d. niSr konungs
retti, illu ordi) ; d. niSr scEmd e-s, to
DREP-HRI©
[95]
DRJT^QUM
drag down on^s repidation^ to dis-
parage one ; d. niSr mali, to gnash a
lawstcit.
drep-hriS, f. ( l ) a destructive snow-
storm ; (2) = drepsott ; -rdcS, n. an
intended affray or assault ; -samligr,
a. deadly, destructive ; -sleggja, f.
sledge-hammer ; -sott, i. plague, pest ;
-sottr, pp. piague-st7-icken.
drettingr, m. loiterer, a nickname.
dreyraa (-da, -dr), v. (l) to appear
to one (e-n) in a dreatJi [si. ma3r
dreymir mik opt) ; (2) to dream (ein
kona dreymdi J)ann draum) ; usually
impers., with double ace, mik dreymdi
draum, / dreamt a dream ; konung
dreymdi aldri, the king never had a
dream.
dreypa (-ta, -tr), v. to let fall in
drops, with dat. (hann dreypir vigSu
vatni 1 munn henni).
dreyra (-tSa, -t), v. to bleed, ooze (of
blood from a slight wound) ; hann
reist i lofa s^r krossmark, sva at
dreyrSi, so that blood plowed.
dreyra-loekr, m. stream of blood ;
-runninn, pp. spattered with blood.
dreyr-fatSr, a. stained with blood',
-gjarn, a. eager for blood, blood-
thirsty,
dreyri, m. blood, gore ; vekja e-m
dreyra, to bleed one ; rauSr sem d.=
dreyrrauSr,
dreyr-rauSr, a. red as blood', e-n
setr -rau6an, one turns scarlet
(GuQriinu setti dreyrrauda) ; -stafir,
pi. bloody runes, blood (poet.).
dreyrugr, a. (i) bloody, gory, (2)
blood-thirsty.
drif, n. (i) driven snow (hvitr sem
d.) ; (2) spoo7i-drift (sjor var hvitr
fyrir drifi).
drif-hvitr, a. white as driven
snow.
drift, dript, f. (l) snow-drift (t)ar
var snjor i driptum) ; (2) drifting
snow (hvitr sem d.).
drit, n. dirt of birds (fugladrit).
drif a (drif ; dreif, drifum ; drif-
inn), V. (i) to drift, drive like spray
or snow (j)^ drifr snasr or oUum dttum) ;
fig., of missiles, to shower, fly, like
flakes of snow (lata d. skot, vapn, a
e-n) ; veSr var drifanda, there was a
great snow-storm ; esp. impers. with
dat., dreif sandinn, the sand drifted',
lauSri dreif i. lypting utan, the spray
drove over the poop ; l^egar dreif i
Loginn krommu, there fell wet snow
in the Lake, it began to sleet ; (2) to
crowd, throng, rush', J)d drifr ofan
mannfioldi mikill til strandar, a great
crowd rushes down to the shore ;
dreif allt folk i. hans fund, all people
croivded to see hiin ; toku menn J)a at
d. brott frd, hertoganum, men began
to desert the duke', d. yfir e-n, to
befall, happen to one', refl., Idta yfir
drifast (=d. yfir sik), to yield, give
in (rdn ok utlegSir J)eirra manna, er
eigi letu yfir d.) ; (3) to perfor7n ; d.
leik, to play ; en i annan sta6 i. ek at
d. mikinn vanda, / arn in a hard
strait ; (4) /^ besprinkle with (e-t e-u ;
doggu drifinn).
drifa, f. fall of snow, snow-drift
(skotvapn flugu sva t^ykt sem d.).
drifanda, adv. with 7night and
7nain ; roa d., to pull so that the
spray splashes about.
drifu-6l, n. a drifting snow'itorin
(um kveldit gerSi i. -el blautt).
drita (drit ; dreit, dritum ; drit-
inn), V. to ease oneself (d. a e-n) ; oil
ertu, deigja, dritin, thou art altogether
filthy.
drjiigan, adv. = drjugum.
drjug-deildr, pp. siibstantial', -Idtr,
a. self-i77iportant ; -liga, adv. with an
air of i7nportance ; -ligr, a. a7tiple ;
-msBltr, a. long-winded in speaking.
dijugr, a. substa7itial, lasting,
a77ipie ; ver6a drjiigari (drjugastr), to
get the better {best) of it ; I)u munt
peim ol'um drjugari verSa, you will
outdo the7n all ; Baglar reSust at, ok
varci J)at drjugara, at, the issue was,
that.
drjugt, adv. in great numbers,
copiotisly (Kolskeggr vd. d. menn) ; d.
manna, a good 7nany people.
drjug-talat, pp. n.; ])eim varS -talat,
they talked long together.
drjiigum (prop. dat. pi. from
'drjugr'), adv. (i) much, to a great
extent, g7'eatly ; foru d. dag J)ann
DRjtrPA
[96]
DRYKKJU-SKAPR
fram, they wetit far that day ; vegr
Gunnar d. menn, G. slew men in great
ftnmbers ; (2) almost, nearly (d. dau3r
af kulda) ; d. allr, almost all ; enginn
d., scarcely anybody.
dijupa (dryp ; draup, drupum ;
dropit), V. {\)io drip, to fall in drops
({>6r6lfr kvaS smjor d. af hverju strd^i) ;
(2) to let in rain, be leaky (hlaSan
draup t)egar er snj^rinn braSnadi) ;
(3) to droop with the head, = drupa..
drjupr, a. drippings leaky (d. salr).
drokr, m. = dirokkr.
dropa-lauss, a. water-tight ; -rum,
n. dripping-place (from the eaves).
dropi, m. drop (regns d.).
drog, f. streak=diXd^.
dromi, m. fetter \ drepa or droma,
to act with great vigour,
dromundr, m. a kind of ship used
in the Mediterranean.
dros, f. poet, girl, maid.
drott, f. (1) household, people ; dygg-
var drottir, good, upright people ; oil
d., all people', (2) the host of the
king's men, body-guard of a king
(drottinn).
drottin-hollr, a. faithful to one's
master ; -lauss, a. withojct a master ;
-ligr, a. pertaifting to Our Lord ; -lig
bosn, the Lords Prayer.
drottinn (-s, pi. drottnar), m. (i)
lord, master', prasU e6a d., slave or
master', dyrt er drottins or6, the
master's word is strong', (2) king,
chief, d3r voru J)eir (viz. the kiftgs)
drottnar kalladir; (3) the Lord (gu3
d. minn, d. vd.rr Jesus Kristr).
drottinsdaga-hald, n. observance
of the Lords day ; drottins-dagr, m.
the Lord's day.
drottinsdags-helgr, f. = drottins-
dagr; -kveld, n. Sunday evening;
-nott, f. Saturday night.
drottina-kveld, n. = drottinsdags-
kveld ; -morginn, m. Sunday morn-
ing; -nott, f. = dr6ttinsdagsn6tt.
drottin-svik, n. pi. treason towards
a lord or 7naster ; -sviki, m, traitor.
drott-kvaeSr, a. in the heroic or
court 7netre (-kvasSr hattr) ; -latr, a.
beloved of the household, gentle ;
-megir, m. pi. people, tnen.
drottna (a5), v. to rule, govern ; d.
yfir e-u, to rule over; with dat. (J)6
lastr hann J)at eigi d. huga sinum),
drottnan, f. sway, rule (d. alls
heims).
drottnari, m. ruler.
drottning, f. (i) mistress; J)raell sd,
er vegr at drottni {niaster) sinum e6a
drottningu {mistress) ; (2) queen ; (3)
princess.
drottningar-domr, m. queenhood,
queenship ; -efni, n. a future queen ;
-nafn, n. the title of a queen.
drottning-ligr, a. becomittg a queen,
queenly.
drott-seti, m. a steward at the king's
table.
drukkinn, pp. drunken, tipsy.
drukna (atS), v. to be drowned.
druknan, f. death by drowning.
drumbr, m. log of wood.
driipa (-ta, -t), v. to droop, from
sorrow (svd drupir nu Danmork, sem
dau6r se Knutr sonr minn) ; drupir
orn yfir, the eagle hovers over (it).
drupr, m. drooping spirits, coldness.
drykk-fatt, a. n., hafa -fdtt, to be
short of drink.
drykkja, f (l) drinking; sitja einn
vi5 drykkju, to sit alone drinking;
taka til drykkju, to begin drinking
(toku menn til drykkju um kveldit) ;
J)reyta drykkju vi6 e-n, to cofttend
in drinking with one ; (2) drink,
beverage, = dry\i\iY (byrla e-m drykk-
ju); (3) drinking-bout, banquet (d.
skyldi vera at hvdrratveggja) ; (4)
drinking-cup (rare).
drykkjatSr, pp. refreshed with
dri7ik (vel mettr ok d.).
drykkjar-bolli, m. drinking-cup ;
-fong, n. pi. drinkables ; -horn, n.
drinki7ig-ho7-n ; -ker, n. drinkuig-
vessel; -kostr, m. dri7iki7ig-cheer ;
-laust, adv. without dri7ik ^eta mat
sinn -laust) ; -stutr, m. a ki7id of
drinking-can.
drykkju-bort^, n. drink i7tg-t able
(sitja ytir -borQum) ; -fong, n. pi. =
drykkjarfong ; -litill, a. sober;
-ma(Sr, m. drinker (litill, mikill
drykkjumaQr) ; -mdl, n. //;;?<? of
drinking; -skapr, m. (hard) dri7iking;
DRYKKJAR-SKAlil
[97]
DUNA
•skd-li, m. drinking-hall \ -stofa, f.=
-sk^li.
drykk-lauss, a. without drink \
-ley si, n. want of drinkables.
drykkr (-jar, -ir), m. (i) drink,
drinking \ sitja at (yfir) drykk, to sit
drinkitig', hvat hafa Einherjar at
drykk, what kind of drink have the
E. ; (2) draught'^ J)reyta i. drykkinn,
to take a deep draught ; drekka i
tveimr, t)remr, drykkjum, to drain in
two, three draughts,
drykk-saell, a. lucky in drifik.
drysil-c jotull, m. petty devil, devil-
kin ; -hross, n. paltry horse ; -menni,
n. a paltry jnan.
drygindi, n. pi. increase, saving.
drygja (-Sa, -Sr), v. (i) to commit,
perpetrate, carry 02it, practise (d.
synd, hordom, munuSlffi) ; d. viljae-s,
to comply with one's wishes ; d. hlydni
vi3 e-n, to obey ofie ; (2) to make to go
far, eke out (drottinn drygSi svd pasr
vistir, at J^asr, &c.) ; hvat t)arf J)etta
orSum d. \to expatiate on) ?
dryg-liga, adv. = drjugliga ; -maeltr,
a. long-winded.
draepi-ligr, a. deserving death.
drsBplingr, m. a petty dr^pa.
draspr, a. who may be killed with
inipu7iity.
draesa, f. idle talk, twaddle.
droemt, a. n., lata d. vi6, to hesitate.
drofn (Ken. drafnar, pi. drafnir), f.
poet, billow.
drogur, f. pi., see ' draga ', f.
drcsull, m. poet. horse, = <ix2.'i\S\.
drottr, m. lubber (rare).
dubba (atS), v. (i) to equips arm
(Saul dubbar nii David med sjalfs
sins herkl^Sum) ; d. e-n upp, to
attire one in full dress ; d. sik, to
trim oneself', (2) d. e-n til riddara, to
dub one a knight.
dubban, f. dubbing a knight,
dubl, dufl, n.gatne atdice,ga7nbling,
dubla, dufla (a$), v. /^ gamble.
dublari, m. gambler.
duga (-6a, -at), v. (i) to help, aid,
support, with dat. ; d. e-m at or vi5,
to succour, lend help (Gisli for at d.
t^eim vi6) ; (2) to do, suffice ; J)at er
t)er man d., which will do for thee ;
hefir OSS 1)6 dugat jDessi dtrunaSr, this
faith has served us very well ; fdtt er
svd illt at einugi dugi, /Vw things are
utterly useless ; mun J)er eigi J^at d.
at sofa hdr, it will not do (is not safe)
for thee to sleep here ; (3) absol., to
show prowess, do good service ; dugdi
hverr sem hann mdtti, every one did
his best; (4) to suffice, be strong
enough ; ef \\W. oe5i dugir, if thy wit
suffices ; ef vitni duga, if the witnesses
fail not.
dugandi, pr. p. doughty (d. ma6r).
dugandis-ma^r, dugand-ma5r, m.
a brave, doughty mail.
dugga, f. a useless fellow.
dug-lauss, a. gooiifor nothing.
dugna^ar-m a(5r, m. (i) helper, help
in need ', (2) = dugandi maSr; -stigr,
m. path of virt2ie ; -vapn, n. weapon
of defence (against temptation).
dugnatSr (gen. -ar), m. (i) aid,
assistance', veita e-m dugnaS, to give
help to 07ie ; (2) virtue.
dugr, m. dough tijiess, strength of
soul or body (aldri er d. 1 l)er).
dul, f. (l) conceahnent ; drepa, draga
d. i. e-t, to conceal; me3 d., secretly ;
(2) self-conceit ; d. ok vil, pride and
wilfulness-, aetla ser Jjd d., to be so
conceited ; draga d. k sik, to think a
great deal of oneself ; ganga fram i d.,
to go on in on^s conceit.
dula (atS), V. to deny (rare).
dular-bunaSr, m. disguise', -eiSr,
m. oath of denial ; -f uUr, a. self-
conceited; -klaBtSi, n. pi. disguise;
-kufl., m. a cloak used for a disguise »
dul-ei^r, m, = dularei6r ; -hottr, m.
a hood used for a disguise.
dulinn, a. = dularfullr (d. at ser),
dul-kl8BtSi, n. pl. = du]arklcE5i.
dulnacSr, m. conceit, self-conceit.
dul-remmi, -rsBna, f. self-conceit ;
-samr, a. self-conceited.
dumba, f. dust, cloud of dust.
durabr, a. (also dumbi) dujnb, rmcte
(gaf hann dumbum mdl, en daufum
heyrn) ; d. stafr, a mute {letter).
dumpa (a5), v. to thump (rare).
duna (aS), v. to boom, roar (dunar
1 skoginum) ; duna, f. a rushing,
thunderins:: noise.
DUW-A
[98]
DVERGR
Dun-d, f. the Da?iicbe.
dunga, f. a useless fellow^ = dugga
(huglaus dungaj.
dun-henda, f. = dunhendr hdttr.
dun-hendr, a., -hendr hattr, a sort
of metre (when the secc^nd line of
each couplet begins with the conclud-
ing word of the first line) ; -hent, a.
n. = -hendr hdttr.
diinn, m. bafid,gang, drove (flyktust
skarfarnir saman i einn dun).
dunna, f. the wild ducky mallard.
dupt, n. dtist (verda at dupti).
dupti, m. diist (einn lettr dupti).
dupt-liga, adv. like dust ; -ligr, a.
consistitjg of dust (-ligr maQr).
dupt-ugr, a. dtisty, covered with
dust.
dura-domr, m. a court at the door
of the defendant ; -gaetti, n. = dyri-
gaetti ; -stafr, m. = dyristafr ; -stoc5,
f. door-post ; -umbuningr, m. door-
frame ; -veggr, m. door-ja7nb ;
-vorSr, m. dooi--keeper.
dur-vorSr, m. door-keeper.
dusil-hross, n. = drysil-hross.
dusil-menni, n. = drysil-menni.
dusla (at5), v. to be busy with trifling
matters (S\einki var t)ar duslandi).
dust, n. dust (ver erum dust ok
aska ; verSa at dusti).
dust, n. //// (halt citt d. me6 mik).
dustera (aS), v. Z^* run a tilt.
dusti, va. grain of dust.
dufa (gen. pi. dufna), f. (i) dove,
pigeon ; (2) poet. wave.
dufll, n. 7ioise made by submersion
(rare) ; dufla (a$), v. to make a noise
(when falling into water).
dufu-ljgr, a. dove-like ; -ungi, m. a
young dove.
duka (aS), v. to cover with a cloth
(matsveinar foru at d. borS).
duk-lauss, a. without a cloth.
diikr (-S, -ar), m. (i) a7iy cloth or
textile fabric ; (2) table-cloth ; (3)
towel, napkin.
duk-slitr, n. rags of a cloth.
diin-beSr, n. a bed of down.
dun-hoegindi, n. pillow or bolster of
down ; -klasSi, n. pi. bed-clothes of
eider-down \ -koddi, m. pillow of
down.
dunn, m. down, bed oj down (sofi
hann d diini).
dura (at5), v. to nap, take a nap.
durr, m. nap, slumber.
diis, n. lull, dead calm ; opt kemr
oeSiregn or diisi, a lull is often
followed by a heavy shozver.
diisa (a§), v. to quake (jor3 diisaQi).
dvala (a§), v. to delay, put off, with
ace. (mun-a Helgi hjorJ)ing d.) ; with
dat. ; ef er dvaliS fer6inni, if you put
off the journey.
dvala, i.{\) a long stay ; (2) delay.
dvalan, {.prolongation (d. lifs J)ins).
dval-samligr, a. slow, tardy (-sam-
ligt setr solarinnar) ; -samr, a. catis-
ino- delay; e-m verQr -samt, one is
delayed.
dvelja (dvel, dvalda, dvaldr or
dvalinn), v. (i) to delay; d. for e-s,
to delay one's jour7uy ; d. fer3 sina,
to put off one's {ow7i) jour7iey ; d.
dom, to defer judge7nent; d. ra6 fyrir
konu, to put off a wo7nan's i7iarriage;
gdtu peir hann eptir dvalit, they
7)ianaged to keep hi77i back ; d. e-n frd
e-u, to keep one fro77t doing- a thing;
absol., dvaldi pat fyrir ferS peirra, it
delayed their journey ; (2) = dveljast,
to tar7y (ok vildu eigi d. ok eigi bi6a
Olafs konungs) ; dvel eigi, tarry not !
77iake haste I; (3) with ace. of time,
to wait, stay (konungr dvaldi mestan
hluta sumars d, Hdlogalandi) ; d.
stund e-s, to hold one up; d. af
stundir, to kill the ti77ie; (4) refl.,
dveljast, to stay,77iake a stay (dvaldist
J)ar um hri3) ; sd dagr mun d., that
day will be long i7i co77iing ; d. munu
stundimar d6r en sagt er allt J)at, er
ek veit, it will take many hours, it
will be a lo7ig ti77ie, before all is told ;
ef l^at dvelst, at ek koma eigi hingat,
if I should be hindered fro7n co7ning ;
impers., dvaldist peim Jjar lengi, they
77iade a long stay there ; dvaldist l)eim
J)ar at l)vi, in {doing) that they lost
772 uch ti77ie.
dvena (at$), v. an old form for
' dvina'.
dverg-mali, m. echo (steinn svarar
me3 -mdla).
dvergr (-s, -ar), m. (i) dwarf (Idgr
DVINA
[99]
DYNJA
ok digr sem d.) ; (2) one of the short
pillars which support th::^ beams and
rafters in a house ; (3) some kind of
orfiament (? a brooch) in a lady's dress
(sat t)ar kona . . . diikr var d halsi,
dver^^ar d. oxlum).
dvina (acSs v. to n\vindle, cease,
subside (dvinar t)roti t)j6tanda hafs) ;
d. munda ek Idta ferSina, / would let
the jour?iey drop ; soekjum til borg-
arinnar ok geriS eigi at d. vi6, do tiot
saiDitcr.
dvcl (gen. dvalar, pi. dvalar or
dvalir), f. ( i ) short stay, stop ; delay ;
eiga skamma dvol, to make a short
stay ; mec3an ])essi d. {pause) var ;
bera til dvala, to cause delay ; (2) in
prosody, quantity.
dvol, n. pi. delay ; svd at engi skulu
d. i. vera, without delay ; ur5u d.
doegra, her life was proloiiged.
dyblissa, dybliza, f. dungeon, =
myrkvastofa.
dyg(5, f. (i) probity, faithfulness ; 113
ok d. {help and faithful service) g66s
drengs ; trua e-m til dygSar um e-t,
to trust in one's integrity ; (2) virtue,
virtuous deed (fyrir pvilikar dygQir
veitti guS honum sina miskunn) ; (3)
help (bi6i5 hann veita ySr d.) ; (4)
vi-rtue, good quality (pat tre hefir
fjorar dygQir, t)d fyrstu, at |)at kann
eigi funa).
dygcSar-doemi, n. an insta?ice of
virtuous action; -lauss, a. (i) devoid
of virtues (-laus gros) ; (2) wicked
(var hann svd -lauss, at) ; -leysi, n.
faithlessness, wickedness ; -matSr, m.
trusty man ; -verk, n. virtuous
action ; -{)j6nasta, f. efficacious, faith-
ful ser7'ice.
dygSugr, a. (i) faithful, trusty
(d. ma3r) ; (2) efficacious (dygdugt
oleum).
dyggi-liga, adv. {i) faithfully (var3-
veita e-t -liga) ; (2) thoroughly (-liga
l^urr) ; -ligr, a. faithful, honest (-lig
tijonosta).
dygg-leikr, m. faithfulness, probity.
dygg-liga, adv. = dyggiliga.
dyggr (accus. dyggvan, rarely
dyggan), ?i. faithful, trusty; dyggvar
drottir, worthy, good people.
dykr (pi. dykir), m. a crashing
noise ; var6 af pvi d. mikill, it gave a
great crash.
dylgjur, f. pi. suppressed enmity
(voru dylgjur miklar me3 Jjeim).
dylja (dyl ; dulda ; duldr, dulit5r,
dulinnj, v. (i) to keep (one) in
ig?iorance of a thing, d. e-n e-s (eigi
skalt pu {jat gera at d. l)ik sjalfan
sanninda) ; d. e-s, to conceal, deny^
disavow; f>6rir dylr J)ess ekki, Th.
does not deny it ; Eysteinn duldi
peirra or6a fyrir sik, E. professed that
he had never said any such thing;
allir duldu, at ne eitt vissi til Hrapps,
all prete?ided ignot'aiice about Hrapp ;
vera, ganga, duldr (duliSr, dulinn) e-s,
to be unaware of, to be kept in
igjtoi'ance ^" (hefir hon veritalls pessa
duld ; veit engi astt mina ok ganga
t)ess allir duldir) ; duli6 (dulin) ertu,
Hyndla, //., thou art mistake7t
[decei^'ed) ; duliSr (dulinn) at e-m,
7nistaken about 07ie ; (2) refl., dyljast,
to conceal {hide) oneself; at pat se
flugumenn ok vili d. [disguise thejn'
selves) undir munka bunaSi ; d. 1 e-u,
to co7iceal a thing from 07teself, be
ig7iorant of =ga.nga. duldr e-s (Eirikr
konungr parf nu ekki at d. i pvi, at) ;
d. vi6 e-t, to refuse to acknowledge, to
ignore ; truit pessu eigi, meSan per
megit d., as long as you ca7i ignore it,
till yoti get full evidence ; en Sveinn
duldist vi3 pat, but S. shrank f 7-0171
believing it.
dylminn, a. careless, iiidifferent,
dymbil-dagar, m. pi. the thiee days
before Easter.
dymbildaga-vika, f. Holy IFeek,
Passio7t Week.
dyn-bjalla, f. a ti7ikli7ig bell.
dyngja, f. a lady's bower (bruSrin
sat 1 dyngju sinni um daginn).
dyngju-veggr, m. the wall of a
dyngja.
dynja (dyn, dunda, dunit), v. (i) to
boo7ny resotmd (^fram rei5 03inn, fold-
vegr dundi) ; {2) to gush, showery
pour ; bl66 dynr or sdrum e-s, blood
gushes out of his wounds y dundi dkaft
regn or lopti, the 7'ain poured down
in sl7-ea77ts ; dundu a pa {or peim)
DYNKR
[100]
DYR-SKINN
v^pnin, spjotin, the weapons [spears)
showered upon thejn.
dynkr, m. = dykr, dynr.
dynr (pi. -ir), f. din, noise, clattering
of hoofs (ridu peir heim mikinn dyn
i tunit eptir hor5um velli) ; engi d.
verSr af hlaupi \i-6X\.?iX\Xi'&,noiseless are
the cat's steps ; gera sem mestan dyn,
to make the greatest noise ; koma e-m
dyn fyrir dyrr, to make a din before
one's doors, take one by surp?'ise.
dyn-skot, n. a noisy but har7nless
shot (ek mun skjota dynskot).
dyntr, m. = dykr, dynr.
dyr, n. pi. = dyrr, f. pi.
dyrgja (-tSa, -t5r), v. to take (fish)
with a hand-line (d. fiska).
dyrgja, f. dwarf woman.
dyri-gaBtti, n. door-frai7ie ; -stafr,
in. door-post.
dyrr (gen. dura), f. pi. door-
opeiiing, doorway (Oddr hljop ut or
durunum).
dys (-jar, -jar), f. cairn.
dysja (a6), v. to bury in a cairn.
dyttr, m. dint, a nickname.
dy, n. qtiaking bog, quagmire.
dyfa (-c5a, -t), v. to dip (d. e-m i vatn).
dyja (dy, duSa, duit), v. to shake ;
d. dorr, spjot, to shake the spears, to
fight ; skor nam at d., he shook {tossed)
his locks.
dyna, f. dow7i-bed, feather-bed, pillow
or bolster filled with down.
d^pt, f. depth.
dyr, n. (i) ani^nal, beast, quadruped,
opp. to birds and reptiles (skapari
manna, fugla ok dyra ok skriSkyk-
venda) ; (2) wild beast; deer (renna
hundum at dyrum, reisa dyr).
dyra-gartSr, m. (i) enclosure to catch
wild beasts', (2) a yard with wild
beasts ; -grof, f. a pit to catch wild
beasts', -hold, n., -kjot, n. fiesh of
animals ; -leit, f. search for gafne ;
-rodd, f. voice of beasts ; -skinn, n.
skin of wild beasts ; -veiSr, f. deer-
hunting (fara a dyra-vei5i, vera at
dyra-veiSum).
dyr-bit, n. biting of lambs [sheep) by
foxes (eigi var6 bonda mein at -biti
si5an).
dyr6, f. glory (himnarikis d.).
dyr(5ar-dagr, m. day of glory, feast ;
-fullr, 2.. full of gloiy ; -hus, n. house
of glory ; -konungr, m. the King of
Glory [Christ) ; -korona, f. crown of
glory; -lif, n. life of glory, -maSr,
m. a glorious man, saint ; -samliga,
adv. gloriously ; -samr, a. gloriotis ;
-stac5r, m. a glorious place ; -songr,
m. song of glory, hymn ; -verk, n.
glorious work.
dyr-gildr, a. dearly paid for',
-goldinn, pp. =-gildr; skal {)er J)at
-goldit verSa, thoti shall pay dearly
for that ; -gripr, m. a thing of great
value, a treasure.
dyr-hundr, m. deer-hound, fox-
hound.
dyrka (at5), v. (i) to exalt, glorify
(gu3 dyrkaSi son sinn) ; (2) to cele-
brate (d. penna dag) ; d. hd.ti6 e-s =
halda hdtid e-s ; (3) to worship (far
J)u me8 m^r at d. drottin guQ J)inn) ;
to pray 07ie reverentially (kastar hon
ser fram i. golfit fyrir foetr konungi
ok dyrkaSi hann) ; refl., dyrkast, to
magnify oneself, to glory ; sd er dyr-
kast, dyrkist hann med gu3i, he that
glorieth, let him glory in the Lord.
dyrkan, f. (i) adoration, worship
(veita go6um d.) ; (2) glorifying (d.
andar ok li'kama) ; -ligr, 2^. glorious.
dyr-kdlfr, m. deer-calf
dyr-keyptr, pp. dearly bought ;
-lagSr, pp. dearly rated; -leikr, m.
dearness ; -ligr, a. glorious (-ligr
klasSnaSr, -lig veizla) ; -lingr, m.
holy tnan, saint ; -mSBtr, a. precious.
dyrr (dyrri, dyrstr), a. (i) high-
priced, dear ; ek met hana dyrra en
aSrar, / put her at a higher price
than the rest ; (2) precious, costly
(skjoldinn p)ann inn dyra) ; dyrar
hallir, costly halls; inn dyri mjoSr,
the goodly mead; inn dyri hdttr,
artificial 77ietre ; [s) of high worth,
worthy (in dyra drottning, Maria) :
skatna dyrstr, the best of men ; Jon
Loptsson, er dyrstr {7wblest, worthiest)
maSr er d landi J)essu.
dyrs-belgr, m. beast's skin ; -horn,
n. an ox-horn, esp. a d7'inking-horn ;
-hofuS, n. head of a deer.
dyr-skinn, n. deer-skin.
D-ffiLA
[101]
DOGQ-FALL
dsBla, f. shif s pump.
dsBldar-maSr, m. a gentle, easy man
(hann var engi -ma6r ok hinn mesti
garpr).
daBll, a. gentle, easy to deal with
(vertu nu dasi meSan ek em brautu ;
ekki potta ek dasll heima) ; J)at er
eigi svji daelt ( = au5velt, eas)>) at taka
Sigur5 jarl af lifdogum ; daslt er
heima hvat, anything will pass at
ho?ne\ gera ser daslt vi3 e-n, to put
oneself on a free^ familiar footifig
with one (f>6r3r gerSi ser daslt vi3
pau t»orvald ok GuQrunu) ; ek mun
nu gera mer da^lt um rd6ag0r6 vi6
J)ik, / will take the liberty to give
thee straightforward advice.
dael-leiki, -leikr ^m.fafniliarity ; gor
allt i -leikum vi5 oss, 7nake no cere-
mony with us ; -ligleikr, m. = -leikr ;
-ligr, a. pleasant to look at, genteel.
daelu-austr, m. baling out a ship
with a daila ; -ker, n. a kind of
bucket.
daesa f-ta, -t), v. to fetch a deep
groan (d. vi5) ; refl., dassast, to be-
come exhausted.
dffistr, pp. exhausted, worn out.
doegr, n. (i ) one half of the as iron,
day, twelve hours of the day or night
(i degi doegr tvau, i dcegri stundir
tolf; tuttugu ok fjorar stundir skulu
vera i tveimr doegrum) ; (2) an astro-
notnical day; twenty- four hours',
sjau doegra sigling, a sail of seve?i
days (between Norway and Iceland).
dcegra-far, n. the division of day
and night ; -mot, n. the twilight at
morning a7id eveniftg ; -skipti, n. =
-far; -stytting, i. pastitne; -tal, n.
calculation of time.
doegr-far, n. = doegrafar ; -ganga,
f. twelve hours' walk.
doel, doeld, f. a little dale, recess.
doell, m. dalesman, mostly in plur.
compounds (Laxdcelir, Fljotsdoelir,
Vatnsdoelir, &c.).
doslska, f. idle talk, nonsense,
doelskr, a. foolish , == folskr.
doema (-da, -dr), v. (i) to give
judgement y pass sentence ; d. mdl, to
give judgement in a case\ d. dom, to
give a verdict or sentence ; d. sekt,
utleg3, to pass sentence of a fine, out-
lawry ; d. eindaga d {€, to fix a term
for payment ; d. log, to pass a lawful
sentence ; d. e-n skogarmann, to pro-
claijn one an outlaw ; d. e-m e-t, to
adjudge a thing to one ; d. e-m dom,
to deal out a sentence to one ; d. e-n
af e-u, to declare one to have forfeited
(d. e-n af sinni soemd) ; d. um e-t, to
judge of; (2) to talk, converse ; d. vi6
e-n, to talk with one', drekka ok d.,
to drink and talk ; en er J)eir d.ttu of
Jjessa hluti at d., when they were
talking of those things.
doema- t'dtt, a. n. almost unexampled;
-frotSr, a. wise in old instances',
-lauss, a. unexampled', -inac5r, m. a
man to be ifnitated.
doemandi (pi. -endr), m. a judge =
domandi, domari.
doemi, n. {\) proof, reason', draga
t)eir eigi si'zt til dcemis l)ar um, at, in
proof of this they specially adduce the
fact, that ; (2) incident , fact ; J)6 hafa
morg doemi orSit i forneskju, yet
many things have happened in olden
times', hoi6 dcEmi, hard fate', at
eigi verSi oss Adams d., that the
same shall not happen to us as to A. ;
(3) tale, story (Ari prestr fr66i, er
morg doemi spaklig hefir saman sett) ;
(4) poem, verses (pessi dcemi oil eru
kvedin um J)enna atburSj ; (5) quota-
tion (draga fram doemi af bokum) ;
(6) example for imitation, model
(eptirdoemum kristinna manna) ; taka
d. af e-m, to take an example by one ;
(7) example, instance, precedent (djarf-
ari en doemi munu til vera) ; umtram
d., or doemum, uttexafnpled, unprece-
dented (kom J)d sva mikill snjor, at
J)at var or doemum) ; meirr en til
doemis or til doema, beyond anything
known ; til doemis at taka (draga), to
take an example.
doemi-lauss, a. = doema-lauss.
deeming, {.judgement.
doemi-saga, f. tale, fable ; parable ;
-St 611, ux. judgement seat.
dof, f. (i) rump (dofin dyrsins) ;
(2) a kind of spear.
dogg (gen. doggvar, dat. dogg or
doggu; pi. doggvar), f. dew; -fall.
DOGG-LAUSS
[102]
EFAN-LEIKR
n. dew-fall, deposit of dew ; -lauss,
a. dewless ; -litr, a. bespritikled with
dew ; -ottr, a. bedewed.
d.gg-skor, m. chape [of a sheath) ;
-sl6c5, f. track left in the dew ; ok
draga kyrtlarnir -sl66ina, the tunics
brush the dew.
doggva (a5 or -^a), v. (i) to bedew
(doggvir hann jorSina af meldropum
sinum) ; (2) to i?Tigate, water.
doggvan, f. bedewing, irrigation.
doggvar-drep, n. mark {Joot-print)
in the dew.
dcggving, f. irrigation^ diog-gwein.
doglingr, m. kmg, descendant of
king Dag.
dogurc^r, m. = dagver6r.
dpkk-blar, a. dark-blue ; -brunatSr,
-brunn, a. dark-brown ; -groenn, a.
dark-green ; -harr, a. dark-haired ;
-jarpr, a. dark-auburft (-jarpr d hdr) ;
-leikr, m. duskiness ; -litaSr, pp.
dark-coloured.
d0kkna (aS), v. to darken (himin-
tunglin dokkna).
d0kknan, f. darke?ting.
d0kkr (ace. -van), a. dark ; d. i.
hdr, dark-haired.
dpkk-rau^r, a. dark- red.
dpkkva (-ta, -tr), v. to darken, to
make dark.
d0kkvi, m. a dark spot.
E
obreska, f. the Hebrew language.
ebreskr, a. Hebraic (ebresk tunga).
ec5a or ec5r, conj., (i) or; fyrr eQa
si6ar, sooner or later ; annathvd.rt . . .
eSa, either . . , or; hvirt . . . e6a,
whether {if) ... or; hvd.rt er . . . e6a,
whether ...or; (2) in comparison of
two unlike things, and (mikinn mun
eigum ver at gera J)in eQa annarra
heiinamanna) ; (3) after a comparative,
and perhaps (ek em eigi verri riddari
en S. konungr, e5a nokkuru betri) ;
(4) introducing a question, but (ek
heiti AuSgisl, — e3a ertu H. vand-
raeQaskdld ?) ; (5) sometimes after a
negation, = nd, 7ior (J^eir munu hvdrki
fyrir sjd i€ sinu eQa fjorvi).
edda, f. (i) great-grandmother; (2)
the name of the book Edda, written
by Snorri Sturluson, c. 1220.
edik, n. vinegar.
eSla, f. adder, 77^^r, = eySla.
eSli (in old MSS. written 0^1), n.
\\) 7iature ; manns e., mannligt e.,
hwnan nature; arnar e., the eagle's
nature ; pat er i moti ndtturligu e., it
is against the order of nature ; (2)
origin^ extraction (hann var valskr
at aett ok e.) ; (3) foetus (J)6tti henni
kviknat hafa e. sitt).
e^li-borinn, pp. born in wedlock.
eSlis-log, n. pi. law of nature ;
-skapan, -skepna, f. natural con-
dition or quality ; -skynsemd, f.
native intellige?ice.
eSl-vina, {.friend of vipers (dub.).
eSr, conj., see *e8a'.
ef (older form if), conj. (i) if in
case (aldri hefSir J)u i borgina komit,
ef ek hef5a vitat) ; in poetry generally
with subj. ; vega J)u gakk, ef vreicir
seir (ser), if thou be wroth ; (2)
= hvart, if, whether (Egill spurcJi, ef
hann vildi upp or grofinni) ; (3) as
a relat. part., sa ef=sa er (rare).
ef or if, n. doubt ; ef er d e-u, // is
dotibtful; ekki er til efs, at, it cannot
be doubted that; utan ef, without doubt.
efa or ifa (aS), v. to doubt (engi efar
bat) ; e. um e-t, to doubt about a
thing; refl., efast 1 e-u, to hesitate in^
be in doubt ; e. um e-t = efa um e-t ;
with gen., e. e-s, to chatige one's mind
in a matter.
efaS-samligr, a. doubtful; -semd,
f. doubtfulness, uncertaifity.
efa-lausliga, adv. withoiit doubt ;
-lauss, a. itidubitable, certain ; -laust,
adv. without doubt, certainly.
efan, f. doubt, doubting.
efanar-lauss, a. undoubted ; -laust,
adv. undoubtedly, indubitably.
efan-leikr, m. doubtfidness ; -leikr
sagnar, atnbiguity of expression \
EFAN-LIGR
[103]
EGG
-ligr, a. (l) doubtful \ (2) hesiiatifig^
irresolute ; (3) uncertain (efanligt er
mannsins eSli).
efa-samliga, adv. doubtfully \ -semd,
f . ( I ) doubt ( dn -semd) ; ( 2 ) auibiguity
(-semd andsvarsins) ; -sok, f. doubtful
case (in law),
efja, f. mud, ooze.
eflla (-da, -dr), v. (i) to strengthen
structurally, to reinforce (e. veggi) ;
letu peir e. at nyju Danavirki, t/iey
restored the Danish ivall\ (2) to
found, raise (e. sta6, kirkju) ; e. her
(115) d hendr e-m, to raise troops
against one ; e. e-n, to support, aid
(efldi Dofri hann siSan til rikis 1
Noregi) ; e. e-n til rangs mdls, to
help one iii an unjust cause ; (3) to
perform ; e. heit, to make a vow ; e.
at brullaupi, to hold a weddings (4)
to be able (sem ver eflum ok orkum ) ;
(5) refl., eflast. to grow strong (hann
fann, at motstodumenn hans efldust) ;
e. at her, to gather, raise troops ; e.
til rikis, to win a kingdom {by force
of arms) ; poet., e. vi6 e-n, to tnarry
into one's family, = m3dg}a.st.
ef-laust, adv. undoubtedly, without
doubt leflaust ma hann t)at vita).
efling, f. (i) strengthening, increase
in strength ; {2) aid, support.
efna (-da, -dr), v. to perform, fulfil
(e. or6 sin, sastt, heit) ; refl., efnast, to
turn out in a certain way (efndist J)at
ok vel ; Jjat efnist opt ilia).
efna (aS), v. to prepare, make
arrangements, for a thing (e. til vetr-
setu, veizlu, kaupstadar).
efna-faeS, f., -leysi, n., -skortr, m.
scarcity, want, or shortness of means.
efnd, i. fulfilmerit of a pr-otnise (raun
mun eptir fara um efndir).
efni, n. (i) stuff, material (svd skildu
J)eir, at allir hlutir vseri smi6a5ir af
nokkuru efni) ; ek em gorr af ustyrku
efni, / arn made of frail stuff; cf.
biskups-, bru3ar-, fraegSar-, konu-,
konungs-, mdgs-, manns-, mungdts-,
smi6ar-efni ; (2) matter of discourse,
subject, theme (t>ryti m6r fyrr stundin
til frdsagnar en efnit til umroeSu) ;
eigi me6 sonnu e., with untrice state-
ment, falsely ; nu er uti mitt e., now
my story is at an end', (3) matter^
affair (segir konungr frd oUu Jjessu e.) ;
fdtt er betr Idtit en e, eru til, few
things are reported better than they
really are ; (4) cause, reason ; Idtast
bdQir af J)vi e., both die from this
calls e ; fyrir f)at e. {for that reason)
keypti hann landit ; (5) state, condi-
tion, affair ; sagdi, hver e. i voru, he
told how matters stood; ek veit eigi
gorla e. Gunnlaugs, how G.*s affairs
stand; kominn i uvaent e., into a
critical condition ; ottalauss i ollu e.,
in every respect ; er J)essi hlutr kom
til efnis, when this came about ; ben-
pat til efnis, at, // happens that ; (6)
pi., means; ok bjuggust um eptir
peim efnum, sem peir hofSu til,
according to their means ; engi voru e.
annars, par voru engi e. onnur, there
was no other chance or choice.
efhi-ligr, a. hopeful, promising
(efniligir menn) ; ekki efniligt, not
advisable.
efning, f. keeping, fulfilment, = eind.
efni-tr6, n. wood-materials, timber.
efri (older form 0fri), a. compar.,
efstr (older form 0fstr), a. superl.,
(i) upper, uppermost, opp. to 'neSri,
neSstr ' ; bera efra skjold, to gain the
victory ; ver6a e-m e., to be superior
to ; hit efra, {a) high above groicnd
(fara hit efra i trjdm sem apynjur e3a
ikornar) ; [b) the upper or inland
road, opp. to 'hit ytra', along the
shore (sumir foru hit efra til f»rihyrn-
ingshdlsa) ; by land, opp. to the sea ;
if) of the inner part of a building,
opposed to ' hit fremra ' or the part
nearest the door (konungr settist i
hdsceti ok alskipat var hit efra ok hit
fremra) ; (2) latter, last ; petta var
inn efra hlut sumars, towards the end
of summer; i. efra aldri, advanced in
years ; efsti domr, the last judge-
ment ; efsta vika langafdstu, the last
week of Lent, Passion Week.
EgSir, m. pi. the inhabitants of
Ag6ir, a ' fylki ' in Norway.
egSskr, 3.. from AgQir.
egg (gen. pi. eggja), n. egg.
egg (gen. -jar, dat. -ju; pi -jar),
f. edge ; ey6a (verja) oddi ok eggju,
EGQ-BITINN
[104J
EIGA
by force of arms^ with might and
maifi.
egg-bitinn, pp. cut, wotmded by an
edge\ -elningr, m. a scythe having
an ell-long edge ; -farvegr, m. the
print of an edge ; -livass, a. sharp-
edged^ sharp (-hvast jarn).
eggja (aS), v. to ificite, e^g one on
to do a thing (e. e-n e-s or til e-s or
a e-t) ; e. e-n fram, to urge one on ;
refl., lata at eggjast, to yield to
aftother's egging on ; e. upp i. e-n, to
pick a quarrel with one, provoke one ;
recipr. to egg one another on (eggjud-
ust nu fast hvdrirtveggju).
eggja-broddr, m, sharp-edged spike.
eggjan, f. edging on, goading.
eggjanar-fifl, n. fool, cafs paw ;
-orS, n. pi. inciting {egging) words,
eggjari, m. egger-on, inciter.
egg-leikr, m. poet, play with sharp
weapons^ battle ; -motSr, a. poet.
sword-smitten.
egg-skurn, f. egg-shell.
egg-steinn, m. sharp-edged stone',
-teinn, m. ^ edge-twig\ the steeled
edge of a sword; svd at fal ba6a
-teina sverQsins, so that both edges of
the sword were hidden.
egg-tits, f. egg- seas on ; -ver, n. ' egg-
field'' (a place where eggs of sea-birds
are gathered).
egg-volr, m. the steeled edge of a7i
axe (hann snerpir eggvolinn).
Kgipta-land, n. the land of Egypt.
egipzkr, a. Egyptian.
egna (-da, -dr), v. (i) to use as a
bait, with dat. (e. oxahofQi i. ongul) ;
(2) to furnish with a bait, to bait,
with ace. (e. snoru, net, gildru) ; (3)
to bait for (e. aurriSa) ; e. veidi, to
set bait for the prey ; (4) to incite,
provoke,
ei, adv. (i) ever, = ey, ae ; ei ok ei,
for ever and ever-, (2) not, = eigi (as
•aldri' for * aldri^^i').
eic5, n. isthmus, neck of land (mjott e.).
eicSa, f. poet, mother (rare).
eiSa-brig'Si, n. breach of oath ;
-fullting, n. oath-help', -kona, f.
female compurgator; -liS, n. oath-
heipers, compurgators ; -mdl, n. the
matter of taking an oath.
ei5-br6t5ir, m. a sworn confederate ;
bundinn, pp. oath-bound; -fall, n.
failing in on^s oath ; -foera (-(5a,
-Sr), V. to charge one with a thing by
an oath ; -foering, -foersla, f. charging
by an oath ; -foerr, a. able, competent
to take an oath ; -hjalp, n. oath-help ;
-laust, adv. without an oath.
eiSr (-S, -ar), m. oath ; vinna, sverja
eiS, to take [swear] an oath ; rjufa
ei6, to break an oath ; ganga lil ei3a,
to proceed to the taking of oaths ; eigi
verSr einn ei3r alia, a single oath does
not clear all men.
ei5-rof, n. breach of an oath ; -roJS,
m. violator of an oath^ perjurer ;
-spjall, n. taking of an oath ; hlyda
til -spjalls e-s, to listen to one's oath ;
-stafr, m. oath-formula ; -svari, m.
one bound by oath, liege-7nan ; -soerr,
a. that ?nay be sworn to, absolutely
true ; -unning, f. the taking of an oath ;
-varr, a. cautious {conscientious) as
to an oath ; -vsBtti, n. testimony on
oath.
eiga (a, atta, attr), v. (i) to own,
possess (Starkadr atti best g66an) ;
(2) to have (e. born, foSur, moSur,
vin) ; e. konu, to have her for wife ;
hann dtti Gro, he was married to G. ;
hann gekk at e. f»6ru, he took Th.for
his wife, he married Th. ; enga vil
ek J)essa e., / will fiot marry any of
these ; e. heima, to have a home, to
live (peir dttu heima austr i Mork) ;
e. s^r e-t = e. e-t (Hoskuldr atti ser
dottur, er HallgerSr het) ; e. van e-s,
to have hope of a thing, to reckon
upon ; e. hlut at or i e-u, to hai'e a
share in a thing, to be co?icerned in ;
e. vald d e-u, to have within one's
power ; (3) to be under obligation, be
obliged, have to do a ihitig ; tolf menn,
J)eir er fylgS attu meS konungi, who
were bound to attend the king's
person ; a ek {)ar fyrir at sj^, / am
bound (/ have) to see to that ; dtti
Hrutr for i Vestfjordu, H. had to go to
the v.; (4) to have a right {claim)
to, be entitled to (e. hogg ok hofn i
skoginum) ; e. mdl i. e-m, to have a
charge against one; e. rdtt i. ser, to
have a {personal) claim to redress)
EIGA
[105]
EIGN"
(5) to keep, hold\ e. fund, l^ing, sam-
kvdmu, stefnu, to hold a 7neeting ; e.
kaupstefnu, to hold a market \ e.
orrustu vi3 e-n, to fight a battle with
one \ e. hogg vi5 e-n, to exchange
blows with one\ e. illt vi6 e-n, to
quarrel with ; e. tal {or mal) vi3 e-n,
to speak, converse with one ; (6) as
an auxiliary with pp. = hafa (t^at er
vid dttum maalt) ; e. skilit, to have
stipulated; (7) to have to (skal ^.
eigi at t)vi e. at spotta) ; e. hendr
si'nar at verja, to have to act in self-
defence; e. um vandraeSi at halda, to
be i?i a strait ; (8) e. e-m e-t, to owe
to 07ie (mun ae, hvat J)u dtt t)eim er
veitir) ; (9) /^ be the person denoted
by a thing] t)at muntu aetla, at ek
mun e. hinn bleika uxann, that the
fawn-coloured ox means me \ (10)
with preps., e. e-t at e-m, to have
something due from one, to expect
from one (J)at vil ek e. at J)er, at Jju
segir mer hi. fer3 J)inni) ; to deserve
from one (ok d ek annat at t)er) ; J^eir
er mikit J)6ttust at ser e., had much
in their power ; e. e-t eptir, to have
to do yet, to have left tmdone (J)at
dttu eptir, er erticiast er, en {)at er at
deyja) ; to leave behind one (andaSist
ok dtti eptir tva sonu vaxna) ; e. e-t
saman, to own in comifion ; e. skap
saman, to agree well, be of one fnind;
eigi veit ek, hvdrt vi5 eigum heill
saman, whether we shall live happy
together ; e. saman, to quarrel, — e.
deild saman ; e. um vi3 e-n, to have
to deal with (vi5 brogdotta dttu nu
um) ; J)ar sem vi6 vim mina er um at
e., where my friends are concerned',
e. e-t undir e-m, to have in another's
hands', Njdll atti mikit fe undir
StarkaSi ok 1 Sandgili, A^. had ?nuch
money out at interest with St. and at
Sandgil ; er sd eigi vel staddr, er h'f
sitt i. undir J)mum truna6i, whose life
depends on thy good faith ; e. mikit
(litit) undir ser, to have much {little)
in o?ie's power ; far I)u vi3 marga
menu, svd at t)u eigir allt undir J)er,
that the whole matter rests in thy
own hands ; hann sd, at hann dtti ekki
undir ser, that he had no influence ;
e. vi6 e-n, to have to do with, fight
with (brdtt fundu J)eir, at })eir dttu
l)ar ekki vi3 sinn maka) ; ekki d ek
l)etta vi6 Jjik, this is 710 business
between thee and 77te ; e. gott (illt) vid
e-n, to be on good {bad) terms with
one ; e. \'\6 konu, to have intercourse
with, = e. lag (samrccSi) vi6 konu ;
recipr., eigast viQ, to deal with one
another; fight , quarrel ; e. vi3 deildir,
to be etigaged in strife ; dttust t)eir
hoggvaskipti vi6, they exchanged
blows with one another.
eiga, f. (i) possession; kasta sinni
eigu, leggja sina eigu, a e-t, to take
possession of; (2) property.
eigandi (pi. eigendr), m. owner^
possessor.
eigi, adv. not ; eigi . . . ok, nor (e. vil
ek ok J)at mitt rd6 kalla).
eigin, n. (i) one's own, one's pro-
perty ; (2) new sprout of corn.
eigin, a. indecl. own, = eiginn (var
jardadr 1 sinni e. borg) ; this 'eigin'
may also be considered as the first
part of a compound ; -borg, f. one's
own tow7i ; -bondi, m. husband ;
-broe^r, m. pi. one's own brothers ;
-dottir, f. ones own daughter ; -gipt-
ast (see gipta), v. refl., to 77iarry, be
7narried to (of a woman) ; -gimd,
-girni, f. selfishness ; -gjarnligr, a.
selfish ; -hiisfru, -kona, -kvan, f.
wife ; -kvdngacSr, -kvsentr, pp. law-
fully 7narried (of a man) ; -kyn, n.
peculiarity ; -lauss, a. having no
property y poor; -leikr, m. quality,
peculiarity ; -liga, adv. properly,
strictly ; -ligr, a. one's own,perso7ial,
particular ; sjd -ligum augum, with
one's own eyes; -ligt nafn, proper
na7ne ; -maor, m. husba7id.
eiginn, a. ow7i, f roper (med sam-
Jjykt eiginnar konu).
eigin-nafn, n. proper 7ia77ie ; -ort5,
n. (i) possession; fd e-t at -orSi, to
get possession of, opp. to 'fa e-t at
lani'; (2) wedding, 77iarriage (bj63a
e-m konu til -oros) ; -raiin, f. on^s
own experience ; -tunga, f. one's own
native tongue.
eign, f. (i) property, possession ;
kasta sinni e., leggja e. sma, d e-t| to
EIGNA
[106]
EIN-PALDLIGLEIKR
take possession of\ (2) estate, landed
property, esp. pi. (hann iXXx eignir i
Vik austr).
eigna (aS), v. (i) to assign, attribute
to one (eigna e-m e-t) ; eigna s^r e-t,
to declare a thing to be one^s own
property, to take to oneself; eigna s6r
land, to take lajid into one's own
hands ; refl., eignast, to become the
owner of, to get ; (2) to dedicate to,
name after one (eigna e-m kvasdi,
eigna {>6r hof).
eigna^r, pp. having possessions or
property (vel eignaSr).
eigna-lauss, a. having no property,
destitute.
eignar-akall, n. claim of owner-
ship ; -broSir, m. one's ow?i brother ;
-hlutr, m. ( I ) private share, property ;
(2) part of an estate ; -jorS, f . patri-
7nony ; -kona, f. = eiginkona; -lyrittr,
m. legal title of ow tier ship ; -inac5r,
m. owner, possessor ; -nafn, n. proper
name ; -sonr, m. one's ow?t son ;
-spusa, f. = -kona; -vili, m. otie's
own will ; -vitni, -vsetti, n. witness
of ownership.
eigna-skipti, n. exchange of land.
ei-g6(5r, a. *■ ever good\ beloved, as a
nickname ; -groenn, a. evergreen.
eigu-ligr, a. worth having, precious.
eik (gen. eikar and eikr, pi. eikr),
f. oak, also a tree in general.
eikar-kefli, m. oaken stick ; -stofn,
-stubbi, m. oak stump, oak stub.
eiki, n. oak timber ; -dss, m. oaken
beam ; -kylfa, f. oaken club ; -kostr,
m. pile of oak wood.
eikinn, a. wild, vehement {of fire).
eiki-skogr, m. oak wood, oak forest ;
-stobbi, m. stiwp of an oak ; -stokkr,
m. oak stock ; -sula, f. oaken colufnn ;
-tindaSr, pp. with oaken pegs ; -viSr,
m. oak wood, oak timber \ -vondr, m.
twig of an oak tree.
eikja, f. a sinall ferry-boat.
eikju-karfi, m. = eikja.
ei-ligr, a. eternal (rare).
eilif S, f. eterfiity, eternal life.
eilif 5ar-fri5r, m. everlasting peace ;
-yndi, n. everlasting happiness ;
-ombun, f. eternal recompense.
ei-lifi. n. = eilif6.
eilifis-fagnaSr, m. everlasting joy.
eilif-leikr, m. etertiiiy ; -liga, adv.
eternally, to all eternity; -ligr, a.
eternal, everlasting.
ei-lifr, a. eternal, everlasting; at
-\i{u, for ever and ever.
ei-litill, a. very small, very little.
eimi, eimr, m. reek, vapour.
ei-muni, m. an ever metnorable
tiling- ; Jsat er J)eim -muni, they will
never forget it.
eimyrja, f. embers (eldr ok e.; allr
er segir sem i eimyrju hroeri).
eina, adv. o?ily, alone.
ein-angr, m. a great strait (vaskr,
oruggr, i einangri); -angra (a6), v. to
Put 07ie in a strait.
einarcSar-fatt, a. n., e-m verSr -fdtt,
one fails in courage ; -lauss, a.
waverittg, treacherous ; -ley si, n.
inconstancy, uttreliableness ; -macSr,
m. a steadfast, trusty 7nan.
einar5-liga, adv. firmly, heai^tily ;
-ligr, a. firm, del ermitied- looking,
faithful; -maBltr, a. frank, out-
spoken.
einartSr, a. (i) si?igle (einart l)ak) ;
{2)fir7n, determined, reliable.
einart, adv. (i) incessantly; (2)
straight, directly.
ein-baka5r, pp. once-baked ; -bani,
m. sincrle-handed slayer ; -berni, n.
only child; -beygSr, pp. sole, only
(-beygSr kostr) ; -bjarga, a. indecl.
self-supporting, independent ; -breiSr,
2l. of a single breadth, half a yard
broad (of stuff) ; -bui, m. single
dweller; -boeli, n. single hotisehold;
-daga (aS), v. to px a day for a thing
(eindaga fe, l^ing, leigu, brullaup) ;
-dagi, m. a fixed time, term ; -droegr,
a. incessant, continuous (gerum {)eim
eindroegja hriSina) ; -dosmi, n. (i) the
right to be sole arbiter in a case ; (2)
an tmexampled thing; -eggja^r, pp.
one-edged; -eit5i (=eins ei5r), n.
single oath ; -eign, f. sole ownership ;
-eyg^r, a. one-eyed; -falda (ao), v.
to use in the singular ; einfalda akall,
to address with ' thou ' ; -faldleikr,
m. simplicity ; -faldliga,adv. j/w//y,
singly ; -faldligleikr, m. = -fald-
leikr.
BIN-FALDR
[107]
EIN-MENNIlSraR
ein-faldr, a. (i) siinple ; single \ (2)
weak in intellect, silly ; ( 3 ) plain,
coi7imon (einfaldr bondi) ; -farar, f,
pi. walking alone ; -feldi, f, simplicity,
weak int elicit ; -feldr, a. be7it on one
thing, resolute ; -ferSir, f. pi. = -farar ;
-fyndr, a. (i) belonging to the finder
alone (hvalr einfyndr) ; (2) as finder
entitled to the whole (einfyndr at
hval) ; -foGrr, a. able to go alone \
-foetingr, m. one-legged ?}ia?i ; -foettr,
pp. one-It gged\ -for, f., see -farar.
einga, a. indecl. only, single ; e. barn,
only child; e. vinr, only friend, inti-
mate friejid.
ein-ganga, f. solitary walk ; ganga
eingongu, to walk alone ; -getinn,
pp. only begotten ; -hama, a. indecl.,
-hamr, a. single-shaped, op p. to
'hamrammr'; |»rilndr var kallaSr
eigi einhamr, Th. was thought to be
a werewolf', -harSr, a. = einarSr ;
-hendis, adv. straight, off-ha7id\
-hendr, a. one-handed; -her jar, m.
pi. the dead warriors (in Valhalla) ;
sing., einheri, great champion (of
Thor) ; -hjal, n. private talk [betweefi
tivo) ; -hleypingr, m., -hleypismaSr,
m. single person without hearth or
home; -hleypr, a. single, unmarried \
-hlitr, 2l. fully sufiicient, adequate (til
e-s, to) ; lata s^r e-t einhlitt, to rest
satisfied with ; vera ser einhlitr, 7iot
to need the help of others ; -hugaS-
liga, adv. unanifnously ; -hugi, a.
wholly intent on (a e-t) ; -hugsa (a$),
V. to make 2ip one's mind; -hverfa
(-t5a, -§r), V. to turn a thing in one
direction ; einhverfa astlan sina fyrir
ser, to decide upon doing a thing ;
-hverfr, a. deterjnined; -hverr,
pron., see 'einnhverr'; einhvers
stadar, somewhere ; -hyrndr, a. one-
horned; -hyrningr, m. unico7'n.
einigr, a. (l) any; (2) 710,= engi.
eining, f. unity (t)rennr i einingu).
einir (gen. einis), rvi. fiiniper.
ein-jarnungr, m. a cutting tool or
weapon 77iade of 07ie priece of iron.
einka (atS), v. to appoint for a
peculiar use (einka e-t til e-s).
einka-, in compds., special, par-
ticular; -gjdf, f. special gift; -griS,
n. special truce; -gripr, m. special
fa?nily heirloom ; -jartegn, n. special
toke7i ; -leyfi, -lof, n. special leave ;
-maSr, m. a person of special rank,
dig7iita7y; -mal, n. (i) special agree-
77ie7it ; ( 2 ) privilege,
einkan-liga, adv. especially^ par-
ticularly ; -ligr, a. special^ extra-
ordinary.
ein-kanna (aS), v. = einka, to assign
specially.
einkanna-hlutr, m. a distinguishing
77iark or feature.
einkar, adv. very, exceedingly fe.
fagr, hrasddr) ; e. mjok, very much ;
e. skjott, with great speed; e. vel,
extre7nely well; in compds. with
nouns = einka- ; -etSli, n. special
7iature ; -nafn, n. proper na7ne ;
-skriptargangr, m. special confes-
sion.
einka-ssBla, f. particular or personal
happifiess; -vinr, m. a particular
friend.
ein-kenna (-da, -dr), v. to fur7iish
with a disti7ictive 7)iark, distinguish,
signalize ; -kenniligr, a. especial,
particular \ -kenning, f. distinctioft.
einkum, adv. (i) chiefiy, especially ;
(2) ve7y (e. godr, e. bezt).
ein-kunn, f. 77iark of ownership (on
animals) ; -kvasntr, pp. having only
one wife; -kynna (-da, -dr), v. to
77tark (animals) ; -lagi, a., vera, gerast
einlagi urn e-t, to act alone i7i a thing;
-lat, n. desertifig one's wife or husba7id
(cf. ' Uta konu eina ') ; -leikr, m.
tinity ; -leitr, a. si7igular in one's
behaviour, odd; -litr, a. of one
colour ; -lyndi, n. obsti7iacy, stubborn-
7iess ; -lyndr, a. obsti7iate, stubborn ;
-lasti, n. (i) = einlyndi ; (2) = -Idt ;
a^tla konu einlasti, to inte7id to desert
ones wife; -mall, a. opinionated;
-man, n. solitude ; bua 1 einmani, to
live in solitude ; -mana, a. indecl.
solitary, lonely, friendless.
einmanaSar-samkvama, f. a meet-
i7ig held in ' einmdnaQr '.
ein-manat5r, m. the last month of
winter (part of March and April) ;
-manl, a. = -mana ; -menningr, m.,
drekka einmenning, to e7npty tht
ein--m6dliga
[108]
EIN-SKIPA
drinking-horn each one by himself \
-moSliga, adv. Jif-mly, resolutely ;
-maBli, n. (i) private talk or con-
ference ; (2) conwion talk (var pat
allra manna einmasli) ; -mealingr, m.
one meal only ; hafa einmasling, to
eat one meal a r'ay\ -maBlt, adv. once
a day, one 7neal a day (eta, drekka
einmselt) ; -maeltr, pp. unatiimoiisly
said (J)at var einmaelt, at).
einn, card. numb, and pron. (i) one\
e. skal vi3 e. eiga, one shall fight
against one ; e. ok e., one by one^ one
at a time, singly, (2) as ord. numb.
= inn fyrsti (Ur3 hetu eina, a6ra Ver-
3andi, Skuld ina J)ric3ju) ; (3) the
sa7ne, ofie and the same (vd.ru svein-
arnir upp foeddir baQir 1 einu t>orpi) ;
allt i. eina leid, all in one way ; e. . .
ok, the same as (1 einu herbergi ok
hinn) ; allr e., the very same, quite
the same (t)at er allt eitt ok himinn) ;
allt at einu, nevertheless^ for all that
(po at pu J)j6na8ir ilium, ^6 var hann
allt at einu J)inn herra) ; (4) indef.
one, a certain (e. vetr, e. dag, eitt
kveld) ; e. vinr f>6ris, a certain friend
of Th. ; before numbers, about, soine ;
einar fimm l)usundir, some fitve
thousand', einir . . aQrir, some . . others
(einir t6ku duka ok aSrir rekkju-
blsejur) ; e. ok ymiss, one and another
(einar ok ymissar t>j69ir); (5) after a
negation, any, ne eitt, not anything-,
(6) gen. pi. 'einna' used in an inten-
sive sense ; einna manna bezt, best of
all {single) men ; einna verst, by far
the worst ; einna si'zt, by far the least,
least of all ; engi er einna hvatastr,
no man is superior to all others; (7)
alone (Gufirun skyldi ein ra3a fyrir fe
J)eirra) ; lata konu eina, to desert or
divorce 07ie's wife ; with gen., hann
yard e. sinna manna, he was separated
from his men ; if put after the noun
* einn ' generally denotes only, but ;
segja J)etta prett einn, to call this a
7nere trick ; vin eitt, wine only ; var
J)at (handklaeSi) raufar einar, all in
holes, mere tatters ; fdir einir, only a
few ; e. ser or ser e., quite by oneself
alone (hann var e. ser) ; e. saman, e.
samtj quite alone ; kona eigi ein
saman, not alone, with child', at eins,
only, but ; eigi at eins, not only ; J)vi
at eins, ojily in that case ; lidaudr at
eins, merely not dead, all but deady
barely alive', at einu = at eins.
ein-nefna (-da, -dr), v. to appoint.
einn-hverr (ein-hver, eitt-hvert),
indef. pron.; except in nom. and ace.
sing. masc. and neut. ein- is generally
indecl. ; (i) so?ne, some one; einn-
hvern dag, some day ; eitthvert sinn,
einhverju sinni, sometime, once ; as a
noun (meQan einnhverr varr biiand-
anna er lifs) ; (2) as an intensive
with superl. ; agjetastr ma3r einn-
hverr, one of the very foremost men ;
(3) each, each one, usually in two
words (or J)eirra fjorQungi sem or
einum hverjum o3rum).
einnig, einnug ( = einn veg), adv.
in the same way, likewise, also ; i. e.
( = ^ einn veg), in the same 7nanner.
ein-nsettr, a. one night old ; -rdc5inn,
pp. having 7nade up 07ie's 7nind,
resolved (i e-u, til e-s, upon) ; hafa
einrdSit at gera e-t, to have 7nade up
one's 7nind to do a thing; -rdt5r, a.
self-willed ; -reikull, a. inclified to
roam about alone ; -raetSi, n. self-will \
-roeSa, f. private co7iference; -roen-
ligr, a. strange, odd ; -roenn, a. sin-
gular i7i his behaviour.
eins, adv. alike, i7i the sai7ie way ;
e. ok, as (bar e. vi3 ok i Valt)j6fs-
stoSum) ; as if (e. ok vasri hann me3
ollu ottalauss) ; allt e. ok, jiist as (allt
e. ok rakkar metja med tungu) ; allt e.
= allt at einu, see einn 3 ; at eins, see
einn 7.
ein-samall, a. alone (rare) = einn
saman.
ein-seta, f. (i) solitude ; (2) solitary
life, hermifs life ; (3) her77iitage.
einsetu-bro^ir, m. anchoret, recluse,
liermit ; -klefi, -kofi, m. hermit* s
cell ; -kona, f. herfuitess, a7ichoress ;
-lifnaSr, m. the life of an anchoret,
her7nit s life ; -ligr, a. pertai7n7ig to
einseta ; -llf, n. = -lifnac5r ; -matSr,
-munkr, m. = -br66ir.
eins-hverr, indef. pron. = einnhverr.
ein-skapan, f the 7'ight to fix one's
own terms ; -skipa, a. indecl. with a
EIlSr-SKIRR
[109]
EISA
single ship (l)u sigldir einskipa) ;
-skirr, a. pej-fectly clear (einskirt
ve6r) ; -skjaldar, adv. under the
same shield^ acting together ; -skora
(a5), v., einskora hug sinn, to make
tip one^s mind ; -skeerligr, a. pure.
eins-liga, adv. privately^ si?igly ;
-ligr, a. (i) single = einfaldr ; einslig
X2t\?i, singular number^ {2)private (eins-
lig ^minning) ; (3) especial, particular.
ein-staSar, adv. in some place ;
-staka, a. indecl. single, occurring
now and then, here and there ; -stapi,
m. a kind oi fern ; -stigi, n. narrow
path ; -strengja (-da, -dr), v. to
make firm ; einstrengja J)d aetlan fyrir
ser at, to resolve firmly ; -stoeSr, a.
solitary, bereaved.
eins-vigi, n. single co7nbat, = e'mvig'u
ein-synn, a. (l) one-eyed \ (2) evid-
ent, obvious; at einsynu, evidently;
-s8Btt, a. n. clear, evident, only in the
phrase, e-t er einsastt, is the 07ily
thing to be done ; -sogn, f. a single
person'' s stateinent ; -tal, n. private
conferetice (ganga a eintal) ; -talat,
pp. n., varS J)eim eintalat um Helgu,
they talked of ?iothing but H. ; -teiti,
a. in high spirits, quite merry ;
-tomi, a. quite unoccupied, disen-
gaged; -trjanungr, m. a boat made
of a single tree.
einugi, neut. dat. from * engi ' ; e.
feti framarr, not a step further.
ein-urS, f. = -or5; -vala, a. indecl.
chosen, select ; einvala kappi, great
champion ; einvala \\h, picked troops ;
-vald, n. absolute government, sole
sovereignty ; tiundi vetr einvalds
hans, the tenth year of his reign ;
-valdi, m. monarch, sovereign (ein-
valdi e-s or yfir e-u) ; -valdr, m. =
-valdi).
einvalds-herra, -hofSingi, m.
autocrat, monarch ; -konungr, m.
absolute king ; -riki, n. absolute sway,
empire.
ein-valinn, pp. select, picked; -vild,
f., -vili, m. self-will; -vir^ing, f.
one' s own choice ; af einvirdmgu,
especially.
einvirSu-liga, adv. exceedingly^
especially ; -ligr, a. especial.
ein-virki, m. single worker, a poor
husbandjnan who has no servants ;
-vist, f. solitude ; vera einvistum, to
live alone ; -vigi, n. single combat,
duel; einvigis-inac5r, m. one who
fights in sifigle combat, a duellist.
ein-vsenn, a. in a hopeless state,
sinking fast (liggja, vera, einvaenn) ;
-voldugr, a. absolute ; -vortSungum,
2i^w. particularly ; -yrki, m. = -virki;
-l)ykki, n. self-will ; -t)ykkr, a. self-
willed, sljcbborn ; -SBri, n. ter?n of
one year ; -aerr, a. lasting one year^
of one year (einaer tiund) ; -seti, n. pi.,
only in the phrase, eta e-t einaetum,
to eat alone, in private ; -orS (gen.
-ar(5ar), f. (i) frankness, boldness,
fairness (hafa einord til at ganga vi6
e-u) ; einord v^rrar frasagnar, the
fairness of our story ; (2) fidelity,
loyalty (at landsfolkit mundi sniiit ixk
einordinni vi6 konung) ; {2,)fir7n con-
viction (pat er einorS min, at l)at er
at engum kosti rdtt).
Eir, f. one of the heathen goddesses.
eir, n. brass, copper.
eira (-J5a, -t), v. (i) to spare, with
dat. (at J)eir skyldu eira konum ok
kirkjum) ; e. undan e-u, to yield to ;
(2) e-m eirir e-t vel (ilia), it agrees
well {ill) with one, he is well pleased
{displeased) with it (Eiriki konungi
eirSi J)etta storilla) ; honum eirir ilia,
ef, he is annoyed, if; (3) e. e-n af e-u,
to deprive one of.
eir-altarl, n. brazen altar; -baug^,
m. brazen ring.
eirc5, f. clemency, mercy.
eir-guc5, m. an idol of brass;
-hjalmr, m. brazett helmet.
eirinn, 2^. forbearing, lenient.
eir-ker, n. brazen vessel ; -ketill,
m. braze7i kettle ; -kross, m. brazen
cross ; -kyrtill, m. brazen cloak ;
-ligr, a. brazen ; -nckkvi, m. brazen
boat ; -ormr, m. brazen serpent ;
-peningr, m, brass coin, copper coin ;
-pipa, f. brass tube ; -skjoldr, m.
brazen shield; -steypari, m. brass-
founder ; -stolpi, m. pillar of brass ;
-teinn, m. brass wire ; -uxi, m. brazen
ox (image).
elsa, f. glowing embers.
EISA
[110]
ELD-GROF
eisa (a5), v. (i) to rush on ; ganga
eisanda, to go dashing though the
waves (of a ship) ; eisandi u6r, foam-
ing wave ; (2) eisa eldum, to shower
down embers.
eiskald, n., eiskold, f. poet, heart.
eiskra (a^j, v. to roar, rage.
eiskran, f. roaring, raging.
eista (gen. pi. eistna), n. testicle,
stojie (eistun prutnufiu).
Eistland, n. Esthonia.
eistneatr, a. Esthotiian.
Eistr, Eistrir, m. pi. the Esfhonia7is.
eitla (a5), v., only in the phrase, e.
augum, to look stern.
eitr, n. poison (kasta eitri i drykk) ;
fig. bitterness, malice.
eitra(a$), v. to poison (eitra smyrsl);
^itrsibr, poisonous (eitrat hatr).
eitr-a, f. poisofious stream ; -bland-
inn, pp. impregnated, tainted, with
poison, poisoned, enve7iomed ; -bias-
inn, pp. swollen up with poison ;
-blastr, m. (i) inJiam7natio7i from
poison ; (2) poisonous breath ; -bolg-
inn, pp. = eitr-bldsinn ; -dalr, m.
* venom dale ' ; -drep, n. deadly
poison, poisotiing', -drepinn, pp.
killed by poison, poisoned; -dropi,
m. drop of poison ; -drykkr, m.
poiso7ied draught ; -egg-jaSr, pp. hav-
ing a poiso7ied edge ; -far, a. vc7io77ious
(eitr-fdr ormr) ; -fluga, f. venomous
insect ; -fullr, a. full of poiso7i ;
-lier^r, pp. tempered i7ipoiso7i (sverSit
var -hert) ; -kaldr, a. deadly cold;
-kveisa, f. ve7iomous sore, a nick-
name ; -kvikja, f. venojnous yeast ;
-kvikvendi, n. veno77ious creature ;
-ligr, a. poisonous ; -matSkr, m.
veno77ious 7naggot ; -naSra, f. poison-
ous adder ; -ormr, m. poisonous ser-
pent ; -padda, f. ve7io7?ious toad.
eitrs-fullr, ?i. full of venom.
eitr-tandrat5r, pp. glittering with
poison, — ei tr-far.
ei-vesandi, pr. p. eve7-lasti7ig, eter-
nal; -vist, f. = eilifi.
ek, pers. pron. /; in poetry and old
prose a pronominal k is suffixed to
the verb, emk = em ek, vask = vas ek ;
sik = sd ek ; mundak = munda ek ;
even if preceded by ek : ek sek, ek
sitk ; a preceding g becomes by
assimilation k, hykk = hygg ek ; the
pronominal k is inserted between the
suffixed negative, -a or -at, and the
verb, saka = sd ek-a, / saw not ;
veitka = veit ek-a, / k7tow not.
ekja, f. carti7ig, ca7-7yi7ig in a cart
(sumir toku til ekju).
ekju-vegr, m. cart-road.
ekka-lau3S, a. griefless.
ekki, m. hea^y sobbi7ig, sorrow,
g7'ief(angr ok ekki).
ekki, nom, and ace. neut. sing, of
' engi ', nothi7ig, 7iought ; also used as
adv., 7iot, — eigi.
ekkja, f. widow (var t)at litit, at
bera ekkju nafn) ; poet. woma7i.
ekkju-biinaSr, m. widow's weeds ;
-domr, m. widowhood; -lifi, n. wid-
owed life ; -sonr, m. widow's so7t.
ekla, f. dearth, want.
ekra, f. co7-7t-feld, acre.
61, n. (i) shower of rai7i, s7iow or
hail ; (2) fig. a hot fight.
elda (elda, eldr), v. (i) to light,
kindle afire (hann eldir undir kat-
linum) ; with dat. of the fuel (e. vi5i) ;
(2) to ki7tdle, light, set fire to, with
ace. ; e. vita, to kindle a beacon ; fig.,
e. hug e-s, to kindle one's mind; ek
skal y6ra hu8 e. kndliga me6 klun-
grum, I shall make you S}nart; (3) to
heat, war7n (e. hus, e. ofn til brauQs) ;
to S77ielt ; fig., e. grdtt silfr, to be bad
friends; (4) impers., eldi h^r lengi af
met5 f)eim broeSrum, the spark of
resent7)ie7it was lo7ig felt afNong the
brothers ; {$) it clears up ; eldi nokkut
elit (ace), the shower cleared tip a
little ; nott (ace.) eldir, the 7iight
bright e7is, the day daw7is.
eldast (d), v. refl. to grow old ; hann
tekr nu at eldast mjok, he is begi7ini7ig
to age fist.
elda-hus, n., -skali, m. = eldhus.
eld-baka^r, pp. baked 071 e}7ibers ;
-beri, m. fire-pan, brasier ; -brandr,
m. firebrand; -bruni, m. (l) fire,
C07iflagrati07i ; (2) caute7-ization (at
groeSa me3 -bruna) ; -bollr, m. fire-
ball; -fimr, a. i7ipla77wiable, easily
co7>ibustible ; -foeri, n. pi. a7t apparatus
for striking fire, tinder-box ; -grof.
ELD-QROF
[111]
ELJAN
-grof, i. fire-pit \ -bus, n. (i) ^fire-
house ', hall or sitting-room ; (2)
kitchen.
eldhus-dyrr, f. pi. doorway of an
eldhus ; -tifl, n. an idiot who sits
all day by the fire ; -hurS, f. door ofi
an eldhus ; -skot, n, {see skot).
eldi, n, (i) procreation {hafa eQli til
barna eldis) ; (2) foetus, offspring
(eldi J)at, er fiam kemr af kvidi
konunnar) ; komast frd eldi sinu, to
be delivered ofi a child \ (3) main-
tenance, feeding (par er ekki gesta
eldi maelt).
eldi-brandr, m. {i) firewood, fiuel;
(2 ) firebrand.
eldi-gamall, a. very old \ -ligr, a.
elderly, old-looking.
elding, f. ( i ) firing, heating, warm-
ing (ofnar til eldingar) ; (2) smelting,
refining (gull t>at, er stenzt e.) ; (3)
lightning {^^vi nasst flugu eldingar ok
reiSar) ; (4) daybreak, dawn (= naetr-
elding).
eldinga-flaug, -Aug, n. fiash of
lightniftg; -manatSr, m. a month in
which lightning is frequent.
eldi-skiS, n. piece of firewood',
-^Xok.^x,vi\. firebrand', -torf, 11. turf
for fuel.
eldivic5ar-fatt, a. n., e-m verSr -fdtt,
one becomes short of fuel', -leysi, n.
want of fuel', -stika, f. stick of fire-
wood.
eldi-vi^r, m. firewood, fuel.
eld-ker, n. brasier', -kveikja, f.
fire-lighter', fdst mun annat til eld-
kveikna, somethitig else will be got
to light a fire with ; -ligr, a. fiery, of
fire (eldligr stoloi) ; -nsBmr, a. easily
catching fire, infiainmable.
eldr (-S, -ar), Vi\. fire ', taka eld,
drepa (upp) eld, to strike fire ; kveikja
(upp) eld, to light a fire', bregSa
(koma, skjota) eldi 1 e-t, lata (leggja)
eld i e-t, to set fire to, to set on fire ;
e. var3 lauss ok lek skjott, afire broke
out and spread rapidly ; e. hraut af
sverSum l)eirra, sparks of fire fiew
from their swords.
eldr, pp. grown old, worn by age ;
kvazt e. vera mjok fra ufridi, said that
he was too old for fighting.
elds-bruni, m. burning of fire;
-daunn, m. smell of fire (kenna
-daun) ; -fMl\v,2i. full of fire ', -gangr,
m. 7-aging of fire, conflagration ;
-glor, n. glare of fire ', -gneisti, m.
spark ofyire', -golf, n. hearth floor;
-gogn, n. pi. 7nate?'ials for flring;
-gpr$, f. making flre ; -hiti, m. flery
heat.
eld-skali, m. = eldaskdli; -ski5, n.=
eldiskiS.
elds-kveykja, f. = eldkveikja ; -litr,
m. fiery hue ; -liki, n. shape {like fie ss)
of fire (1 -liki) ; -Ijos, n. fire-light;
-logi, m. fiame of fire ; -matr, m.
food of fire ; -neyti, n. ficel ; -pisl, f.
torture by fire ; -sokn, f. fetching of
fire ; -stolpi, va. pillar of fire.
eld-stokkr, va. firebrand; -sto (pi.
-stoar), {.fire-place, hearth.
elds-uppkvama, f. volcanic erup-
tion ; -va6i, m. danger of fire; con-
fiagration ; -v61ar, f. pl.fi're devices;
-verk, n. tending the fire ; -viSr, m.
= eldiviOr ; -vimr, m. gleam of fire ;
-virki, n. tinder-box.
eld-s8Btinn, -s8Btr, a. habitually
sitting by the fire (for warmth) ;
-tinna, {.flint to strike fire with.
elfar-bakki, m. bank of a river.
Elfar-byggjar, -grimar, m. pi. the
dwellers on the banks of the Gotha
(Gautelfr) ; -kvislir, f. pi. the arms
of the Gotha, also used of the mouths
of the Nile ; -sker, n. pi. the skerries
at the Tnouth of the Gotha.
elfr (gen. elfar, dat. and ace. elfi),
f. river ; esp. as prop, name in Saxelfr,
the Elbe ; Gautelfr or Elfr, the river
Gotha (in Sweden) ; Raumelfr (in
Norway).
elfskr, a. from the river Gotha.
elg-fro^i, m. centaur (a monster half
man and half elk).
el gj a- grof, f. elk pit ; -hold, n. flesh
of the elk ; -vei(5r, f. elk-hunting,
elgr (-S, -ir), m. elk.
elg-skogr, m. a forest with elks.
eligr, a. mean, poor, = 3£Ugr.
Eli-vagar, m. pi. (mythol. name).
elja, f. a rival wife (l^asr konur eru
eljur er einn mann eigu).
, e]jan, f. endurance, energy.
ELJANAR-LAUSS
[112]
EMB^TTIS-G0RD
eljanar-lauss, a. wanting energy,
inactive.
eljara-gletta, f. periness, sarcasm,
eljun, f. = eljan ; eljunar-leysi, n.
want of energy, weakness ; -macSr, m.
energetic mati.
eljun-froekn, a. doughty (seldusk
ei6a eljunfroeknir) ; -lauss, a. = eljan-
arlauss ; -leysi, n. = eljunarleysi.
61-kaldr, a. ice-cold (of a stream).
ella, adv. and conj. (i) else, other-
wise (skaltu eigi annat pora en fara,
ella skal ek drepa J)ik) ; e5a ella, or
else; e6a heit hvers manns niQingr
ella, or else be called the ' nithin^ ' of
every man ; (2) or, or else (annathvdrt
at koma honum i. mitt vald, ella drepa
hann sjdlfr).
ellar, adv. and conj. = ella, elligar.
elli, f. old age (fyrir e. sakir).
elli-belgr, m. the ^slough' of old
age (kasta -belginum) ; -bjugr, a.
bowed down with age ; -dagar, m. pi.
old days ; -dau(5r, a. ; ver6a -dau6r,
to die of old a^e.
ellicSi, m. a kind of ship.
elli-domr, m. old age.
ellifci, ord. numb, the eleventh,
ellifu, card. numb, eleven.
elli-gamall, a. very old.
elligar, adv. and conj. = ella.
elli-glop, n. pi. dotage of old age.
61-ligr, a. showery-looking (J)6tti
mdr nokkut ^1-ligt vera).
elli-hamr, m. = -belgr; -hrumr, a.
decrepit with age ; -hfierur, f. pi.
hoariness of age ; -karl, m. old 7nan ;
-lyf, n. medicine to keep off old age ;
-moSr, a. weary with age ; -sjukr, a.
infirm through age ; -stot5, f. stay of
old age ', -tiS, f. ti?ne of old age ;
-vafa, f. decrepitude, infirmity of age ;
-vamm, n. blemish of old age ;
-t)okki, m. oldish look (hratt hon af
ser elli-t)okka).
ellri, a. com par. elder, older.
ellztr, a. superl. eldest, oldest (ellztr
broeSranna ; hinn ellzti sonr).
elma, f. bratich, twig.
elna (a^), v. to wax, grow, sott
elnar d hendr e-m, e-m elnar sottin,
o?te''s ilbiess becomes worse.
elptr (gen. elptar), {.swan ( = dlpt).
elri, n., elrir (gen. -is), m. alder,
elris-hundr, m. the wind (poet.).
elska (at5), v. to love (hann elskafii
ekki annat god meir en Frey) ; refl.,
elskast at e-m, to grow fond of\
recipr., to love one another (hofSu J)au
Jon elskazt fra barnoesku).
elska, f. love (= dst) ; hafa elsku ^
e-m, to love one ; leggja elsku k e-n
or vi3 e-n, to take a fancy for, to fall
in love with one.
elskan-liga, adv. lovingly ; -ligr, a.
beloved, lovable.
elskari, m. lover (e. e-s).
elskhuga-mac5r, m. /^•z'<?r, = elskari.
elsk-hugi, m. (i) love-, {2) belovea
person (minn dgaetr elskhugi).
elskr, a. fondly attached to one (e.
at e-m), of persons and animals.
elsku-band, n. tie {bond) of love ;
-bragc5, n. deed of love ; -fullr, a,
full of love ; -gratr, m. tears of love ;
-grein, f. a special kind of love',
-lauss, a. loveless ; -leysi, n. loveless-
ness ; -liga, adv. (i) lovingly', (2)
heartily, delightfully ; -ligr, a. ( i )
affectionate ; (2) beloved, dear (e.
faSir !) ; elskuligr e-m, dear to one ;
-mark, n. token of love.
elta (elta, eltr), v. (i) to knead (e.
leir) ; ek skal y6ra hud e. {belabour)
meQ klungrum ; {2) to chase, pursue ;
e. ^xv\ me6 vendi, to drive cattle with
a goad', e. sau6i, to run after sheep ;
refl., eltast eptir e-m, to pursue
eagerly.
elting (pi. -ar), f. pursuing, chasing.
embsetta (-tta, -tt), v. (i) to attend,
serve, wait upon, e. e-m (eiga gestum
at e.) ; e. fe, to attend to the cattle, to
milk ; (2) to administer the sacrament
to one (e. e-m).
embaetti, n. (i) service, = J)j6nosta
I ; veita e-m e., to serve one ; bindast
i e-s e., to enter one's service ; guSligt
e., holy service', hefi ek morg vand-
r^5i ^olat i J)inu e., in your service ;
(2) the sacrament, eucharist, =
jjjonosta 3 ; (3) offce (biskupligt e.) ;
bj66a e-m af e., to depose one from
office.
embsBttis-foerr, a. able to perforin
one's duties ; -g0rtS, f. poformance oj
EMB^TTIS-LAUSS
[113]
ENDI, ENDIR
a {religious) duty ; -lauss, a. holdi7ig
no office (of a priest) ; -matSr, m. (i)
servant ; (2 spriest.
emenda (ao), emendera (at5), v. to
emend (a book).
emja (at5), v. to howl, shriek.
emjan, f. howling^ shrieking.
en, conj. (i) but\ en heima mun ek
sitja, but I will stay at hotne ; (2) as
a copulative, atid, = ok ; ek kann
radiim Gunnhildar, en kappsemd
Egils, / know the devices of G. and
{on the other hand) EglPs eagerness ;
(3) = ' an', than (obrigSra vin fser
madr aldregi en mannvit mikit).
en, in Norse MSS. = ef, er (rel. pron.
and temp, conj.) ; (i) if\ saelar vasri
salurnar, en ])ser vissi, if they knew ;
(2) as a rel. pron., = er; mi'na dottur, en
( = er) allra meyja er fegrst, who is the
faii'est of all maidens ; (3) whe?i, = er,
J)a er (J)eir voru i hjd, en upp var lesit).
enda, conj. (i) with subj. (a standing
phrase in the law connecting the
latter clause of a conditional premiss)
if, and if, and in case that, and
supposing that ; mi hefir ma6r svein-
barn fram foert 1 oesku, enda verdi sd,
ma6r veginn siQan, J)d . . . , if a man
has brought a boy up in his youth^
a?td it so happens that he (the boy) be
slain, then . . . ; (2) eve7i if, although,
with subj. (seg mer, hvat til berr, at
J)u veizt fyrir uorSna hluti, enda ser
pu eigi spamaSr) ; (3) even ; J)d. skal
hann segja buum sinum til, enda i.
J)ingi, even i?i parliament ; (4) if only,
with subj. ({yrir engan mun ^ori ek
at vekja konunginn, en segja m^ ek
honum tiSindin, ef J)u vill, enda vekir
J)u hann) ; (5) and indeed, and of
course, and also, and besides ; enda
skulum ver "pi. leysa t)ik, and then of
course we shall loose thee ; synist J)at
jafnan, at ek em fegjarn, enda man
sva enn, and so it will be also in this
case', (6) and yet \ eigi nenni ek at
hafa l)at saman, at veita Hogna, enda
drepa broQur bans, / cannot bear to
do both, help H. and yet kill his
brother ; (7) ellipt. without a preced-
ing premiss ; enda tak fiu nu 0xi i)ma,
and now take thy axe.
ICEL. DICT.
enda (a5, or enda, ent), v. (i) to
ena, u)ing to an end (1 J)v{ sama
klaustri endi hann sina asfi) ; impers.,
endar par sogu frd honum, the tale of
hi?n ettds there ; (2) to fulfil, perform
(e. heit sitt) ; (3) to mark the end of,
to bound (af suSri endir hana [i.e.
Asia'\ uthafit) ; (4) refl., endast, to
end, come to an end (reiSi mannsins
endist d einu augabragSi) ; to last,
hold out (berjast meSan dagrinn
endist) ; medan mer endast fong til,
as long as my f-7'ovisions last ; ef
honum endist aldr til, if he lives so
lo7ig', meSan mer endast lifdagar,
meQan ek endumst, as long as I live ;
to turn out, to e7id (well or ill), to do
(enda mun J)at fam bondum vel e. at
synja mer masgSar).
enda-dagr, m. the last day, day of
death (vita sinn -dag) ; -fjol, f. end-
board (of a chest) ; -lauss, a. endless,
eter7ial (endalaus pina, farsaeldj ;
-liga, 2idv. definitively , finally \ -ligr,
a. defi7iitive, final (endaligt svarj ;
-lok, n. pi. end, co7tclusion ; -lykt, f.
= -lok; -mark, n. ^;/</, li77iit', enda-
mork rikis J)ins, the e7id of thy reign ;
-merki, n. //;;///, boundary ; -nijor,
a. thin at the e7id, tapering ; gera
eigi endamjott vi6 e-n, not to leave
ofie i7i the lurch, treat ofie well to the
end ; -I)armr, m. rectum.
endemi, endimi, n. = eindcemi 2,
so77iething unexa77ipled or utiheard of
(t)at er undr ok endemi) ; heyr i.
endemi, for sha)7ie !
endeniis-niac5r, m. a 7nonster, an
extrao7'dinary person.
endemligr, a. wonderful, strange.
endi and endir, ni. (i) the e7td
{extre7nity) of a7t object ({)ar var skali
mikill ok dyrr d bd5um endum) ; (2)
conclusion, e7id, issue (hvern enda
eiga mundi mdlit) ; gera enda d e-u,
koma enda d e-t, to bring to a7i e7ui ;
vera d enda, to be at an e7td ; S.
var vistum me3 foSur smum til enda,
S. stayed with his father to the end',
eigi er fyrir enda um gert meQ {)eim,
their differe7ice is not settled betwee7t
the7n ; upphaf ok endir, begL7i7iing
and e7td ', hir skal nu ok endir d
ENDI-LAND
[114]
ENGI-SKIPTI
verSa, here it shall coine to an end ;
sd var6 endir d, at, the end of it was,
that ; til alls endis, to the very end.
endi-land, n. borderland \ -lond,
confmes ; -langr, along the -whole
extent of, fro7n one end to the other
(ri5a um endilangt heraS) ; ok lag6ist
{)ar endilangr, at full length ; um
endilangt, at endilongu, lengthways',
-lauss, a.=endalauss ; -leysa, f. non-
sense (-lokleysa) ; -liga, adv. (i)
finally (staSfesta endiliga) ; (2) co7n-
pletely \ -ligr, a. = endaligr; -lok, n.
pi. =endalok ; til endiloka heims, to
the end of the world ; -lykt, f. = enda-
lykt ; -mark, n. (l) limit, end; (2)
boundary ; (3) aifn, end ; -merki, n.
=endamerki.
endimi, n. see endemi, eindoemi.
ending, f. ending, termination.
endir, m. esp. in nom., == ' endi '
(upphaf ok endir mins mals).
end-langr, a. = endilangr.
endr, adv. {i) in tifnes of yore, for-
merly,=G.r\dr fyrir longu ; (2) again
{svi. kom 03ins son endr at hamri) ;
(3) endr ok sinnum, endr ok stundum,
from time to time, now and then.
endranaBr, adv. at other times, else
(bceSi l)d ok endranasr).
endr-bati, m. = -b6t; -batna (a?5),
V. to get well again, recover ; -beit5a
(-dda, -ddr), v. to ask again ; -bera
(see bera), v. to regenerate ; -borlnn,
pp. reborn, regenerated', -bot, f.
restoration, regeneration', -bua (see
bua), V. to renew, restore ; -boeta
(-tta, -ttr), V. to repair, restore (t)at
jjarf at endrboeta, er d6r hefir farizt) ;
-bcBtari, m. restorer ; -bceting, f.
restoration, restitutio7t ; -boetingr,
m. a thing that wants repair ; -forn,
{. presenting again ; -forn a (atS), v. to
present again ; -foeSa (-dda, -ddr),
V. to regenerate, =endTheTa., endrgeta ;
-gefendr, m. pi. those who give
again-, -geta (see geta), v. = endr-
fceSa ; -getnaSr, m. regeneration ;
-getning, f. = endrgetna5r ; -gjald, n.
repayment, return; -gjalda (see
gjalda), V. to pay back, to repay,
-groetSa (-dda, -ddr), v. to heal
again ; -hreinsa (a5), v. to purify
again ; -hroera (-Sa, -Sr), v. to move
again ; -lausn, f. rede?nption ; -lifga
(at5), V. to call to life again ; -lifna
(a(5), V. to return to life, to revive ;
-minnast (see minna), v. refl. to
7-emember, call to mind, with gen. ;
-minning, f. remembrance, recollec-
tiofi ; -maBli, n. repetition (verQr J)at
at endrmseli einu) ; -mcB^ing, f.
tribulation ; -nyja (at5), v. to renew,
repeat; impers. (endrnyjaSi sottina i
annat sinn) ; -nyjan, -nyjung, f.
rejiewal ; -reiaa (-ta, -tr), v. to raise
again ; -risa (see risa), v. to arise
again ; -ijotSa, a. indecl. downcast,
dispirited; -semja (see seroja), v.
to renew ; -skapa (see skapa), v. to
create anew, re-create ; -smicSa (at5),
v. to rebuild; -taka (see taka), v. to
resume, take up again (endrtaka til
e-s) ; -tryggja (-Sa, -Sr), v. to tnake
secure again, reconcile; -{)aga, f.
renewed silence.
eng (gen. -jar, pi. -jar), f, meadow,
meadow-land (hann villtist i enginni) ;
pi. out-lying grass-fields.
eng, engi, n. meadow, meadow-
land (tiin ok eng ; akr ok engi).
engi (neut. ekki), indef. pron. (i)
no, none, no one; hafa ekki e-s, to
have nothing of it, lose it altogether
(er buit vio, at J)u hafir pd ekki
dyrsins) ; old dat. einugi=engu (fdtt
er sv^ illt, at einugi dugi) ; (2) any,
after a negative (aldri fyrr fekk hann
J)vilikan sigr 1 engri herferd) ; after
comparative (|)essir dvergar kunnu
betr smida af jdrni en engir aSrir).
engi-bui, m. a neighbour who has
to appear in an engidomr ; -dalr, m.
meadow-valley; -domr, m. a court to
decide the possession of a contested
meadow.
engill (pi. englar), m. angel.
engil-ligr, a. angelical (-lig asjona).
Engils-nes, n. Cape San Angelo.
engi-lykkja, f. an enclosed piece of
meadow; -mark, n. (i) bou?idafy of
a meadow ; (2) the meadow within
the boundary.
engis-hofn, f. possession of a
meadow.
engi-skipti, n. division of a meadow.
ENGISKIFTIS-BUI
[115]
EPTIR
engiskiptis-bui, m. = engibui.
engis-maSr, m, owner of a vieado'v.
engi-sprett, n, grasshopper, locust ;
-teigr, m. strip of meadow- lafui \
-verk, n. meadow-work ; um engi-
verk, dicrbig the time of mozving the
vieadozus ; -voxtr, m. that which
grows upon meadows.
engja-domr, m. = engid6mr; -gras-
nautn, n. right of grazing^ or 7nak-
ing hay, in the engjar ; -merki, n.
boundary betiveen 7)ieadow-la7ids ;
-skipti, n. = engiskipti ; -teigr, m.=
engiteigr; -voxtr, in. = eiigivoxtr.
engla-flokkr, m. host of angels \
-fylki, n, one of the fiine hosts of
angels ; -liS, n. coll. angels ; -lif, n.
life of angels ; -mjol, n. ' angel-meal%
manna.
Englands-far, n. a ship that sails
to England; -fari, m. one who makes
voyages to England; -haf, n. the
GermaJt Ocean ; -sjor, m. the English
Channel-
Englar, m. pi. the English, English-
men (\ ar kominn herr Englanna).
engla-rodd, f. angelic voice ; -skari,
m., -sveit, f. host of angels ; -syn, f.
vision of angels ; -songr, m. song of
angels.
Englis-ma'Sr, m. Englishma?!.
enn (en, et), the oldest form of the
def. art., = inn, hinn.
enn, adv. (i) yet, still (hann er enn
ungr ok bernskr) ; (2) with compar.,
enn betri, verri, still better, worse.
enna, adv. =enn-na, jj/-?/; eigi enna,
not yet (eigi veit ek enna).
enni, n. (i) forehead (p6 spratt
honuin sveiti um enni) ; (2) a steep
crag (in place-names).
enni-brei^r, a. having a b7'oad
forehead ; -dukr, m. head-barid, fillet ;
-let5r, n. skin of the forehead of
animals.
ennis-brattr, a. having a straight-up
forehead.
enni-snau^r, a. having a low fore-
head ; -spesnir, m. pi. ornamental
work on ships of war both fore and
aft ; -svell, n. an icy slope.
ennis-voxtr, m. shape of the fore-
head.
en ska, f. tJie English language.
enskr, a.
Englishmen.
epla-at, n. eating of apples {fruit) ;
-garSr, n. orchard ; -kyn, n. a kind
of apples or fruit.
epli, n. (i) apple; (2) tree-fruit (in
general).
epli-berandi, pr. p. bearing apples.
eplottr, a. dapple-grey (of a horse).
ept, prep. = eptir (rare).
eptir, prep with dat. and ace. ; I.
with dat. (i) with verbs of motion,
after (ric5a, roa, fara, ganga, senda e.
e-m) ; (2) denoting the aim and object
of many verbs ; leita, spyrja, fretta e.
e-u, to search, ask, inquire after ; lit a
e. e-n, to look after, attend to ; bi3a
eptir e-u, to wait for; vaka e. e-m,
to sit up waiting for 07ie ; segja e.
e-m. to 7'ep07t behirid 07te's back ; (3)
following the course of a track, road,
&c., along; ni3r e. halsinum, down
the h' II; e. endilongu, yV't?;;; 07te end
to the other ; e. midju, alo?ig the
fjiiddle ; (4) after, according to, in
accordance with (e. sid J)eirra ok
logum) ; hann leiddist e. fortolum
hennar, he was led by her persuasiori ;
gekk allt e. J)vi sem H. hafQi sagt,
according as H. had said; (5) denot-
ing proportion, comparison ; fatt
manna e. pvi sem hann var vdinr, few
77ien i7i co77iparison to what he was
wont to have : (6) with verbs denoting
imitation, indulgence, longing after ;
lata e. e-m, to indulge one ; breyta e.
e-m, to i77iitate; (7) behirid (hann
leiddi e. ser hestinn) ; fundust e.J)eim
irskar boekr, which they had left
behi7id; II. with ace. (i) of time,
after, in successio7t to (vdr kom e.
vetr) ; hvern dag e. annan, one day
after the other ; ar e. ir, dag e. dag,
year by year, day by day ; e. J)at, after
that, thereafter ; (2) denoting suc-
cession, inheritance ; taka e-t 1 arf
e. e-n, to i7iherit f 7-0771 one ; hann tok
konungdom e. fo6ur sinn, after his
father ; vita t)a skomm e. sik, to leave
such a bad report ; skaSi mikill er e.
menn slika, there is a great loss i7i
stich men\ III. as adv. (i) after;
EPTIR-BATR
[116]
ER
annat snmar e., the second summer
after \ um daginn e., the day after \
e. um vdrit, later during the spring ;
e. koma usvinnum rao, the fool is
wise when too late \ {2) behind', bida,
sitja e., to wait, stay behind', vera,
standa e., to remain behind, be left ;
halda e-u e., to keep back', skammt
get ek e. J)innar asfi, I guess that little
is left of thy life ; (3) before the rel.
part., e. er = e. J)at er, after (ef maSr
andast a J)ingi e. er menn eru a braut
famir) ; (4) e. a, afterwards, later
on ; in addition.
eptir-bdtr, m. a boat in tow ; fig.,
vera -batr e-s, to be i?iferior to one ;
-bur$r, m. afterbirth ; -dvol, f. stay ;
eiga eptirdvol, to make a stay,
-dcBmi, n. example ; -farandi, pr. p.
following, subsequejit ; -fer(5, f. pur-
suit; -fv^tty {. inquiry ', -foeriligr, a.
investigable ; -for, f. = eptirfer3 ; veita
e-m eptirfor, to pursue one ; -ganga,
f. (1) proseciciio7i of a suit to get
redress', [1) support, aid; (3) imita-
tion (1 eptirgongu bans dcema) ;
-gangr, m., -gengi, n. = -ganga 2;
-glikjari, m. i7nitator.
eptirgongu-kona, f. {a female)
underling (ek mun eigi vera -kona
hennar) ; -macSr, m. a supporter,
follower.
eptir-g0r5, f. funeral honours, esp.
gifts for the soul of the dead;
-komandi, pr. p. following, future ;
-komari, m.=-glikjari ; -komendr,
m. pi. offspriiig, descendants ; -kasra,
f. prosecution (taka malit til eptir-
kseru) ; -latligr, a. agreeable, pleas-
ing; -latr, -latsamr, a. indulgent;
ser eptirlatr, self-indulgent ; -leifar,
f. pi. retnains ; -leit, f. ( i ) search ;
(2) application to a person ; -leitan,
f. = eptirleit ; -lifi, n. indulgence^ self-
indulgence.
eptirlifis-niat5r, m. self-indulgent
man ; -synd, f. the sin of self-
indulgence.
eptir-lifr, a. self-indulgent ; -liking,
f. ijnitation ; -likja (-ta, -t), v. to
imitate^ with dat. ; -likjandi (pi.
endr), m., -likjari, m. imitator;
-l8Bti, n. (l) complaisance, compliance ;
(2) indulgence, gratification of one's
desires; {jf) enjoyment.
eptirlaetis-lifi, n. life of self-indul-
gence ; -J)j6nosta, f. act of indulgence.
eptir-mal, n. an aciio7i on behalf of
a person slain against the slayer;
eiga -mal eptir e-n, um e-n, to have
the right and duty to take action
against the slayer ; -mali, m. epilogue,
opp. to ' formdli ' ; -mall, a. co?npliant
(e-m or vi6 e-n, with).
eptirmals-ma^r, m. prosecutor in
a blood-feud (eptirmalj.
eptir-maslandi (pi. -endr), m. =
eptirmalsmaSr ; -msBli, n. (i)=-mal;
(2) cojnpliance, indulgence ; veita e-m
eptirmaeli, to take one's part ; {2,) good
report.
eptirmaslis-matSr, m. a person who
is eptirmall.
eptir-ras, f. running after, pursuit ;
-reiS, f. pursicit on horseback ;
-reikna (aS), v. to reflect on ; -r6(5r,
m. rowing in pursuit of one.
eptirryningar-ro a^r, m.onecleverat
detectingwhat is unknown (-ma6r um
stuldi) ; -samr, a. clever at detecting
eptir-seta, f. remai?iing behind;
-sj^, f. (i) looking after, attention,
ca7-e ; (2) regret, grief; e-m er eptir-
sja at e-u, one 77tisses a thing. g7-ieves
at the loss of; -skoc5an, f. exa7}ii7ia~
tion, search ; -sokn, f. a seeking after,
pursuing ; -sta^a, f. what re7nains,
a7'rears; -stag's!, a. re77iaining be-
hi7td; verSa eptirstaSsi, to remain
behi7id ; -syn, f. lookifig after one.
eptri, a. compar. (i) after7nost,
hind7nost, opp. to ' fremri ' ; eptri fotr,
the hind leg; hit eptra austrriim, the
hind7nost pimiping place ; (2) later,
latter, opp. to ' fyrri '.
er (older form es), rel. part. In old
poems and in law phrases ' es ' is suffixed
to a demonstrative or interrogative
word, pron. or adv., as s : s^s, sus, Jsats,
l)eims, l^aers ; liars, J)ds, J^egars,
siSans, hveims, hvars, &c., = sd es,
sii es, l)ar es, 1)^ es,&c. I. used as a rel.
pron., indecl., who, which, thai ; (i)
M6r3r h^t mac5r, er (nom.) kallaSr var
gigja ; gros fogr, er (ace.) hon hafSi
i hendi ; ac5ra hluti t»d, er (gen.) menn
ER
[117]
ERPDA-SKIPAlSr
vildu visir ver5a ; t)ann einn son, er
(dat.) hann ami litit ; (2) with a prep.
placed at the end of the sentence ;
land, er hann kom frd, the la7id he
came from ; jotunn, er or steini var
hofudit a (viz. honum), whose head
was of stone \ (3) ellipt., the prep.
being understood ; or J)eim asttum, er
mer J)6ttu fuglarnir fljuga (viz. or),
from the quarter that I thought the
birds flew from ; peir hafa nii Idtit
lif sitt, er mer J)ykkir eigi vert at Ufa
(viz. eptir), whojn 1 think it is not
worth while to outlive ; (4) a personal
or demonstr. pron. may be added to
the rel. part., er J)u, er t)ik ; er hann,
er hon, er hana, er bans, er hennar,
er J)eim, er l)eiri, er J)eira, &c. ; cerr
ertu, Loki, er J)u {who) yQra telr Ijota
leiSstafi ; sd ma5r, er hann vill, that
man who wishes ; nema ein GoSrun,
er hon asva gret, who never wept ;
ekkja heitir su, er buandi hennar
{whose husband) varS s6ttdau3r ;
J)ann konuni^, er undir honum eru
skatt - konungar, that king under
whom are tributary kings ; (5) in the
fourteenth century added to the
interrog. pron,, hverr; J)at herbergi,
i hverju er hann {in which = er hann
i J)vi) hefir sitt rd3 ok rseSr ; II. as a
conj. and adv. (i) local, er, \>a.T er,
there where ; hann sA A eldinum
folskann, er netit hafSi brunnit,
where the net had been bur7it\ O. gekk
J)ar til, er H. Id, to the spot where H.
lay ; (2) of time, er, pd er, when ; ok
er, and when ; en er, but when ; par
til er, until ; i Jjvi er, just when ;
eptir (l)at) er, when ; t)egar er, as
soon as (pegar er lysti, st66 konungr
upp) ; siQan er, since ; me5an er,
! while ; nsest er ver komum, next
1 when we came ; pd let i hamrinum,
i sem er reid gengr, as when it thun-
! ders\ (3) = at, that\ ok fannst I)at a
1 ollu, er hon J)6ttist vargefin, that she
: thought she was thrown away ; ek em
\ J)ess saell, er okkart felag sleit, / am
happy that ; skyldi fara fyrst leyni-
liga, en J)6 kom par, er allir vissu, but
it came to this, that every one knew
of it.
er, nom. pi. to * pii *, j4?, = per.
erSi, n. a heavy beam (Grettir preif
e. tvau, er Mgu i skipinu).
erenda-lok, n. pi. the result (issue)
of one's errand; -maSr, m. errand-
man, messenger.
erendi, eyrendi, prendi (also er-
indi, etc. ), n. ( i ) errand, message, mis-
sion, business ; eiga e. vi6 e-n, hafa e.
til e-s, to have business with one ; reka
e., to do an errand', pess erendis, to
that purpose ; (2) the result of one^s
errand or mission (potti monnum
bans e. litit orQit) ; ef erendit eySist,
if the errand turns to nought ; hefik
erfiSi ok e., / have had toil, but also
gained my quest ; (3) ganga erenda
(eyrna, 0rna) sinna, to go to ease
07ieself', (4) speech ; tala langt e. ok
snjallt, to make a long and eloquent
speech.
erendi (from * 0r ' and ' ond '), n. see
* 0rendi '.
erendis-lauss, a. without effect,
vain ; fara at -lausu, to go on a fooFs
errand', -leysa, f. failure of one's
er'rand.
erend-laust, adv. in vain, to no
purpose (fara -laust) ; -leysa, f. =
erendisleysa ; -reki, m. messenger.
erfa (-t5a, -t5r), v. (i) to honour with
a funeral feast (si3an let Egill e. sonu
sina eptir fornum sid) ; (2) to i^iherit
(erfir hon allt pat eptir born sin).
erf tS, f. inheritance ; taka e., to take
possession of an inheritance ; taka,
eignast e-t at e., to get or come into
possession of by inheritance.
erfSa-balkr, m.. the section of law
treating of inhejifaftce ; -einkunn, f.
hereditary mark (on cattl ■) ; -fe, n.
heritage, inheritance ; -got5or5, n.
hereditary priesthood', -jort5, f.
hereditary estate ; -land, n. patrimony,
land of inheritance ; -matSr, m. heir',
-mark, n. = -einkunn ; -mal, n. law-
suit concertiing ati inheritance.
erfSar-jcrtS, f, -land,n., -ma$r, m.,
see erf3a- ; -partr, m. share of in-
heritance', -umagi, m. an *umagi',
having an inherited right to receive
support.
erf Sa-skipan, f. law or ordinance
ERFDA-OLDR
[118]
ERitiiiiaii
relating to inheritance'^ -oldr, m.
funeral feast.
erfi, n. funeral feast (g0ra e. e-s, e.
eptir e-n ; drekka e. e-s, eptir e-n).
erfitSa (at$), v. (i) to toil, laboiir;
(2) e. e-m, to cause one trouble ; e.
ser i e-u, to trouble oneself with ; (3)
to till (e. jor6ina) ; (4) impers., erfi3-
a3i sottarfar bans, his illness grew
more severe.
erfiSari, m. labourer.
erfiS-drygi, n. labour, laborious-
ness ; -droegr, a. difficult to do (var5
J)eim pat -drcEgt).
erfiSi, n. trouble, toil, labour ; hofum
e. ok ekki erendi, we have the toil,
but no result.
erficSis-dautSi, m. painful death ;
-laun, n. pi. reco7npense for labour or
suffe7'ing\ -16ttir, m. relief of labour ;
-liga, adv. = erfi61iga ; -munir, m. pi.
exertion, difficulty ; -neyS, f. grinding
labour ; -orka, f. hard, weary labour ;
-samr, a. toilsotne ; -verk, n. hard
or heavy work.
erfiS-lifi, n. toilsome life ; -liga, adv.
with fain and toil ; e-t horfir -liga,
// looks hard ; bua -liga vi3 e-n, to
treat one harshly ; var3 mer J)ar
-ligast um, there I tnet with the
greatest difficulties ; -ligr, a. toil-
some, difficult, adverse (margir hlutir
erfi61i2;ir).
erfic5r, a. difficult, hard, troublesome ;
OSS verSr erhtt at Jjjona NorSmonnum,
// will be hard for tis ', Guc3run var
erfiS i. gripakaupum, G. was trouble-
sofne {extravagant) in biiyittg fifiery ;
hvildist Helgi, pvi at honum var or5it
erfitt, for he was exhausted ; \>6 at
honum v^ri mdlit erlitt, though he
spoke with difficulty.
erfi-drapa, i. funeral poem ; -flokkr,
m. a short funeral poem ; -kvsBSi, n.
=-drdpa.
erfingi (pi. -jar), m. heir, child (J)au
attu engan erfingja).
erfingja-lau3S, a. childless (deyja
-lauss) ; -leysi, n. childless7iess.
erfi-nyti (gen. -nytja), m. heir,
child (ek a ungan erfinytja).
erfi3-g(2)rc5, f. holding a funeral
,£ast (J)a eyddist erfisg0r3in).
erfi- veizla, f. funeral feast.
erfi-vortSr, m. poet. heir.
erfi-ol, Xi. funeral feast, = -veizla.
erf-skinn, n. the skin of the glutton.
ergi, f. (i) lewdness, lust', (2)
wickedness, devilry (me6 allri ergi ok
skelmisskap).
ergjast (S), v. refl. to lose courage,
grow faint-hearted (svd. ergist hverr
sem hann eldist).
erja (er, arSa, arinn), v. (i) to
plough (e. jorS sina) ; (2) to scratch,
scrape (hann lastr erja skoinn um
legginn).
erju-samr, a. intrusive.
erki-biskup, m. archbishop.
erki-biskupligr, a. archiepiscopal.
erkibiskups-domr, m., -doemi, n.
archbishopric ; -efni, m. archbishop-
elect ; -garSr, m. archbishop's dwell-
ing; -kosningr, m. election of an
archbishop ; -stoll, m. archiepiscopal
seat (cf. erki-stoll).
erki-bysn, f. great portent.
erki-djakn, m. archdeacon ; -prestr,
m. archp7'iest ; -stoll, m. = erki-
biskupsstoll.
er-lendast, v. refl. to go i7ito exile ;
-lending, f. exile, -lendis, adv.
ab7oad, i7i a foreig7i land.
erlendis-vig,n. a 77ia7islaughter com-
77iitted ab7-oad.
erlendr, a./<9;-^/*^, = 0rlendr.
erma-drog, n. pi. sleeves reaching
dow7t to the feet ; -kapa, f. cloak with
sleeves ; -langr, a. tvith long sleeves ;
-lauss, a. sleeveless.
ermar-kjos, f. ''sleeve-bag'*, wide
sleeve ; -stuka, f. short sleeve.
ermita-klsB^i, n. pi. he7'7nit clothes;
-lifi, n. he7'77iit life.
ermiti, m. /z^;7;/z/, = einsetuma3r.
Erm-land, n. (i) A7-7nenia', (2) a
province i7i Prussia.
erm-lauss, a. sleeveless, without
sleeves = ermalauss.
errar (gen. -ar, dat. and ace. -i ; pi.
-ar), f. sleeve.
ermskr, a. Ar77ienian.
ern, a. brisk, vigorous ; -ligr, a.
vigorous-looking, stu7'dy.
erpi, n. a kind of wood.
erriligr, a. = ernligr.
ERTA
[119]
EYDI-STADR
erta (erta, ertr), v. to taunt ^ tease
(er eigi gott at erta illt skap) ; refl.,
ertast vi5 e-n, to tease one.
erting (pi. -ar), f. teasing^ provoca-
tion (margskonar ertingar).
ertiiiga-inac5r, m. 07ie who will
stand teasing (engi -maSr).
ertla, f. wagtail (bird).
ertr (gen. ertr a), f. pi. pease.
ertra-akr, m. pea-field \ -reitr, m.
bed of pease ; -r6ttr, m. dish of pease ;
-sot5, n., -vellingr, m. pea-soup.
es, old form for 'er', rel. part., and
3rd pers. sing, from ' vera '.
eski, n. ashen box (e. Friggjar).
eski-maBr, f. a lady's maid.
eskingr, m.. fne snow (like ashes).
eski-3t6ng, f. ash pole.
espingr, m. a ships boat.
ess, n. ridi7tg horse ^ steed.
eta (et; at, atum; etinn), v. (i) to
eat (e. kjot, mat sinn, dagver3) ; fig.,
e. orS sin, to eat one's own woi'ds ; (2)
to consume ; sorg etr hjarta, sorrow
eats away the heart \ refl., GyQingar
dtust innan, er t)eir heyrSu Jjetta, the
Jews fretted inwardly oti hearing
this,
eta, f. (l) crib^ manger \ standa 611-
um fotum 1 etu, to live at rack and
manger \ (2) pi., etur, cancer (etur 1
andliti).
etall, a. consuming (e. ry6r).
etari, m. great eater ^ glutton.
etja (et, atta, attr). v.{\) to incite,
egg {goad) on to fight, with dat. ; e.
hestum, to make horses fight ; with
ace, e. e-n til J)olinm(De5i, to exhort
one to patience ; (2) e. hamingju, afli,
vid e-n, to jnatch one^s luck, strength,
with another's ; e. kappi vi6 e-n, to
contend in j'ivalry, vie with one ] e.
rdSum, hvart .,.,to consider, if ... \
e. saman manndrapum, to incite two
Parties to manslatcghter ; (3) e. vi3
e-t, to contend against ; e. vi6 afls-
mun (liSsmun), to fight against odds ;
(4) to put forth ; hann etr fram
skallanum, he exposes his bare skull
(to the blows) ; (s) to cause to be
eaten ; e. heyvi, heyjum, to feed cattle
upon hay, (6) refl., etjast vi6 e-n, to
contend with one ; ef menn etjast
vitnum d, if men contend {plead) with
witnesses.
etju-hundr, m. deer-hound, fox-
hound ; -kostr, m. hard condition ;
-tik, f. female hound, bitch-hound.
etki, neut. sing, from * engi ' and
adv. = ekki.
etu-stallr, m. crib, itianger (U. fal
hann 1 etustalli), = eta (i).
ey, adv. (i) always, ever, = ei, ae ;
(2) not,=^€\, eigi ; ey manni {)at veit,
no man knows.
ey (gen. eyjar, dat. ey and eyju ;
pi. eyjir), f. an island; -bui, m.
islander.
ey5a (-dda, -ddr), v. (i) to make
empty (au6rj, clear of deprive of its
co7itents (e. allan IjorSinn basSi at
monnum ok fe) ; e. bygQ (bcei ok
borgir, heroS), to desolate, lay waste',
(2) to desert, depart frofft (fellu sumir,
en sumir eyddu hdlfrymin) ; e. veizl-
una, to break tip the feast; e. fing,
to dissolve the meeting', (3) to do
azvay with, destroy, with dat. (eyddi
eldr konum ok bornum) ; (4) to spe7id,
squa7ider (e. fe, peningum) ; (5) to
render void in law, a7i7iul, with ace.
or dat. (e. vigsm^l or vigsm^lum) ;
(6) refl., eydast, to come to 7iought;
eyddist erfisgor6in fyrir honum, he let
the funeral feast drop.
eytSi, n. waste or ruinous state ;
leggja 1 e., to lay waste ; vera (liggja)
i e., to be deserted or ruined.
ey$i-, in compds., deserted, unin-
habited; -borg, f. deserted town or
castle ; -bygS, f. desert cou7it7y ;
-dalr, m. desolate valley; -ey, f.
desert island ; -Qall, n. wild {barre7i)
77iou7itai7i ; -fjortSr, m. desolate firth ;
-haf, n. a sea whose coasts are
desolate ; -hua, n. pi. deserted divell-
ings ; -j6r(5, f. deserted far7n ; -land,
n. desert la7td; -liga, adv. i7t a
desolate state ; -ligr, a. {i)pe7'ishable ;
(2) sad, cheerless (mer synist si6r
J)eirra veikligr ok -ligr) ; -mork, f.
desert, wilder 7iess ; -ijotSr, n. desert
clearing ; -skemma, f. a deserted
bower ; -sker, n. desolate rock,
skerry ; -skogr, m. wild wood ;
-ataSr, m. barren^ desolate place'.
EYDI-TROD
1120]
EYRIS-f>UNGI
-tr6?5, f. deserted fen {for cattle) ;
-veggr, m. rtcinoiis walL
eyt$la, f. adder, =^e.<S\a..
Ey-firStngar, m. pi. the men of or
from Eyjafirth ; -firzkr, a. belonging
to Eyjajirth.
eyfit, adv. poet, not at all (e. hefi ek
fe) ; eyfit eitt, nothing at all.
eyg(5r, a. = eygr,
eygja (-Sa, -c5r), v. (i) to furnish
with a loop or eye (e. snoruj ; (2) /^
look (til e-s, at one).
eyglo, f. ''the everglowing\ poet.
the sun.
eygr, a. having eyes of a certain
kind', vel e., with fine eyes', mjok e.,
large-eyed.
eyja-ina(5r, m. islander.
eyjar-endi, m. point of an isla7td\
-engi, n. jneadozu along a river ;
-kalfr, m. a small island close to a
larger one ; -matSr, m. islander ;
•nef, n. = -endi ; -skeggi (pi. -skegg-
jar), m. = -ma3r ; -skekill. -skiki, m.
strip of an islafid, small island',
-Blind, n. = eyjasund ; -vist, f. stay in
an island.
eyja-sund, n. a strait between
islands (oil eyjasund ok fir6ir).
eyjottr, -di.full of islands.
eyk-hestr, m. cart-horse,
eyki, n. vehicle, cart.
eykja-fo&r, n. fodder for eyk(i)r ;
-gerfi, n., -reiSi, m.=eykrei5i.
eykr (-jar, -ir), m. beast of draught.
eyk-reiSi, m. harness of an eykr.
eykt, f. (I) half-past three o'clock,
p.m. (var t)at nasr e. dags) ; (2) ti7ne
of three hours (J)a er J)ogn hafdi verit
DJer hdlfa e.).
eyktar-heigr, f. = nonhelgr ; -staSr,
m. the place of the sun at half-past
three, p.m. (sol sezt 1 -sta3) ; -ti5, f.
= n6nti6.
eykt-heilagr, a. to be kept holy
from eykt {half-past three) of the
preceding ^aj, = n6nheilagr.
ey-land, n. island '^ -lendingr, m.
islander.
eyma (-da, -t), v. (i) to cofn-
miserate, pity ; e. sik, to lament ;
(2) impers., eymir af e-u, one feels
sore after something.
eymd, f. (i) misery, wretchedness ;
sjd. e. i. e-m, to pity one ; (2) stingi-
Jiess, meanness.
eymdar-dagr, m. day of distress ;
-ligr, a. piteous, pitiful; -orS, n. pi.
wailing, lame?itatio7i ; -ticS, f. time of
distress or tribulation ; -ticSindi, n.
pi. disastrous news-, -timi, m. = -tid.
eyra (pi. eyru), n. ear (eyrum hlySir
gestr, en augum skoclar) ; setja hnefa
vi6 e. e-m, to give one a box on the
ear ; leiSa e-n af eyrum, to get rid of
one ; koma e-m til eyma, to come to
one's ears, of news ; hafa nef i e. e-m,
to put the nose in ofie's ear, to whisper
to one, of a tell-tale.
eyrar-tangi, m. point of a gravel-
ba7ik (eyrr).
eyra-runa, f. poet, mistress, wife.
eyrendi, -indi, n. ; see ' erendi '.
eyrir (gen. -is, pi. aurar), m. (i)
ounce of silver, the eighth part of a
77tark (dtta aurar i mork) ; hringr, er
stendr sex aura, a ring weighing or
worth six aurar ; verdr y^i. at h^lfri
mork vaSmdla e., then the eyrir is
equal to half a 7nark in wad77ial',
e. brendr = e. brends silfrs, an ounce
of pure silver; (2) ottnce (svd. var
haglit stort, at hvert haglkornit va
^y^i) > (3 ) money in general, property ;
Ijosir aurar verSa at longum trega,
bright silver bri7tgs long woe ; illr af
aurum, a miser-, gefin til aura (= til
fjar), wedded for 77io7iey ; hann vissi
ekki aura sinna tal, he knew not the
tale {extent) of his riches ; lausir
aurar, opp. to ' fastr e.', 7novables,
chattels (lond ok lausir aurar) ; fri3r
eyrir (= fritt fe, kvikfe), cattle ; (4)
77ioney, curre7icy ; Flosi spurdi 1
hverjum aurum hann vildi fyrir hafa,
asked in what 7noney he wished to be
paid,
ejrris-lDot, f. a fine of an eyrir;
-kaup, n. a bargain to the a7nount of
an eyrir ; -lag, n. the worth of an
eyrir (-lag lerepts) ; -land, n. Ia7id
yielding a rent of an eyrir ; -skatSi,
m. loss to the amount of an eyrir ;
-tiund, f. tithe of an eyrir ; -tollr, m.
toll of an eyrir ; -J)ungi, m. the weight
of an ounce.
EYRWA
[121]
FAGNADR
eyrna or 0ma, gen. pi., see
*erendi 3'.
eyrna-blat$, n. lobe of the ear ;
-bora, f. orifice of the ear ; -bunatSr,
m. ornament of the ear ; -gull, n. ear-
rings -heill, a. having sound ears \
-lof, n. vain praise ; -mark, n. ear-
tnark, on sheep and cattle.
eyrr (gen. eyrar, dat. and ace.
eyri ; pi. ejrrar), f. sand- or gravel-
bank, either of the banks of rivers (dr-
eyrar, dals-eyrar) or of a small point
of land running into the sea, a spit.
eyr-silfr, n. qtiicksilver^ inercury.
eyr-skdr (ace. -skaan), a. galloping
over the gravel-banks.
eyroggr, a. = 0ruggr.
Eystra-salt, n. the Baltic.
eystri, a. compar. more eastern ; hit
eystra, the eastern way.
ey-vana, a. 7nuch used to.
ey-verskr, a. pertaini7ig to the
Orkneys, from the Orkneys.
ey-vit, adv. = eyfit ; ey-vitar (for
' ey vaettar '), adv., ey-vitu, adv. notj
not at all.
ey-J)olinn, m. the rivet in a clasp
knife.
faSerni, n. {\) fatherhood, paterfiity ;
ganga vi6 f. at e-m or e-s, kennast
f. e-s, to acknowledge or admit
paternity ; at f. eda m65emi, o?i
father's or mother's side ; var hann
Ijoss ok fagr eptir f. sinu, like his
father ; (2) patrimony.
fa?Sir (gen., dat. and ace. fotSur, pi.
fe?5r), m. fat her.
faSma (atS), v. to embrace; refl.,
faSmast, to ejnbrace one another.
fatSman, f. embracing.
fa6m-lag, n. embrace \ -lagast, v.
refl. = fadmast ; -leggjast, v. refl. =
leggjast i faSma, faSmast.
fatSmr (-s, -ar), m. (l) the out-
stretched or embracing ar?ns ; sofa
(^iggja) 1 faSmi e-m, to sleep {lie) in
one's arms ; leggjast 1 faSma, to e??t-
brace each other ; fallast 1 faSma, to be
set off agaifist each other, balance
each other (m^lin voru 1 dom lagin,
ok fellust vigin 1 fadma) ; (2) bosom
(legg hond J)ina 1 sjdlfs t)ins faSm) ;
(3) a measure oi \tng\.h, fatho?n.
fagna (at5), v. (i) to rejoice in a
thing (f. e-u, f e-u or af e-u) ; (2) f.
e-m, to welcome one^ receive one with
good or bad cheer (var honum l)ar vel
fagnat) ; (3) f. vetri, jolum, sumri, to
rejoice^ make a feast, at the beginning
of winter ^ Yule, swnmer.
fagnac^ar-atbur^r, m. joyful event ;
-dagr, m. day of rejoici7ig', -efai, n.
matter of joy ; -eyrendi, n. joyful
message', -eyru, n. pi., heyra e-t
-eyrum, to hear with joy ; -fullr, a.
joyful; -fundr, m. joyful meeting;
-gratr, m. weeping for joy ; -heit, n.
joyful promise; -kras, f. dainty;
-kvetSja, i. joyful greeting; -lauss,
a. joyless J wretched, poor; -lof, n.
praise frojn a joyous heart (syngja
-lof gu6ij ; -lut$r, m. truittfet of joy ;
-mark, n. sign of joy; -ortJ, n. pi.
joyful words; -dp, n. shout of joy \
-raust, f. voice of joy ; -rdS, n. happy
resoliction; -saga, f. jOyful news, =
feginsaga ; -saa.iliga, didv. joyfully;
-samligr, a. joyous, joyful ; -skru(5,
n. rai7nent of joy ; -statSr, m. place
of joy ; -syn, f. joyful sight ; -sasll,
a. (i) happy ; (2) graceful, gracious ;
-songr, m. song of joy ; -ti(5, f. time
of joy; -tit5indi, n. pi. joyful, glad
tidings; -timi, m. = -ti5; -veizla, f.
joyful feast; -vist, f. abode of joy;
-51, n. joyous banquet.
fagnatJr (gen. -ar), m. (i) joy (eilifr
f.) ; (2) welcome, greeting; (3) hos-
pitable entertainment (gerSu henni
fagnaS J)d viku alia) ; 61 ok annar f.,
ale and other good cheer ; (4) kunna
ser i)ann fagnao, to be quite satisfied
faqnA'Fvnbh
[122]
PAIiLA
or content (kunni hann s^r t)d pann
fagnaS at girnast ekki d Sviakonungs
veldi).
fagna-fundr, m.=fagna5arfundr.
fagr (fogr, fagrt ; com p. fegri), a.
fair ^ fine ^ beatiiiful ; f. synum, alitum,
fair to see ; fagrt veSr, fair {fine)
weather:, f. songr, beautiful {sweet)
song\ fagrt kvseSi, a fine poem ; talaSi
fagrt, en hug6i fldtt, spoke fair^ but
thought false.
fagr-buinn, pp. beautifully dressed,
equipped', -endi, n. pi. costly, fair
things ; -eygr, 2..fai7'-eyed \ -fertSugr,
a. graceful, virtuous : -flekkottr, a.
fairfiecked (of a snake) ; -gali, m.
flattery (bera -gala d e-n, sli i -gala
vi6 e-nj ; -gloa, a. fair-glowing-,
-groenn, a. bright or light greeti ;
-hdrr, a. fair-haired', -hljotSandi,
pr. p. sweet-sounding', -hljotSr, a.
sweet-voiced', -hljomandi, pr. p.=
-hljodandi ; -klseddr, pp. fair-clad ;
-leikr, m. beauty, = fegrd ; -leitr, a.
of fair complexion, beautiful; -liga,
3.dv. fairly, beautifully ', -ligr, a. (i)
fine-looking, handsome ; (2) agreeable
(-lig J)j6nasta) ; -limi, m. */«?>-
branch ', ^ w<?^^ (poet.) ; -laBti, n.
blandishment', -mdll, 2i. fair-spoken;
-mdlugr, a. = -mdll ; -maoli, n. fair
language; -meBltr, a. = -md,ll ; -oitSr,
a. fair-spoken, bland; -rauSr, a.
light-red; -B'k&v&^r, pp. fair-shapen ;
-skrifatSr, pp. finely drawn, decorated
with fine figures; -skryddr, pp.
dressed in fine clothes ; -variOr,
pp. wearing fine clothes (of a lady) ;
-vaxinn, pp. of fair stature;
-yndi, n.= -endi ; -yrtSi, n. p\. fair
words ; -yrSr, a. = -or6r.
fala (aS), v. to detnand for purchase
(f. e-t af e-m or at e-m ; f. til e-s).
falda (feld ; f61t, f61dum ; faldinn),
V. to array with a woman's hood (f.
e-n or e-m e-u, or med or vi3 e-u) ;
f. sik motri, med or vi5 motri, to hood
oneself with a motr ; Brandr var
faldinn, Brand had on a woman^s
headgear; hjdlmi faldinn, wearing a
helmet.
falda (aS), \.{i) to hood (see prec.) ;
(2) to fold ; fd mer skyrtu J)ina, en ek
skal f. hana saman, / shall fold it up ;
falda aptr, to unfold,
falda-feykir, m. a magical dance in
which the hoods (faldarj fiew ofiF' the
ladies'' heads.
fald-lauss, a. hoodless.
faldr, m. {\)fold; (2) hem of a gar-
7)1 ent ; kyrtill hlaSbuinn 1 fald nidr, a
kirtle laced down to the hems ; (3) a
sort of {woman's) head-gear, hood.
fall, n. {1) fall; f. er fararheill, a
fall bodes a lucky jourtiey ; koma e-m
til falls, to cause one to fall; foil
berast d e-n, o?ie begins to reel or
stagger ; (2) fall, death in battle (1
flotta er f. verst) ; (3) carcase of a
slaughtered a?iimal (cf. 'nautsfall',
*sau3arfair) ; (4) frequent deaths
from plague (ef myss g0r6u mein i.
mat e6a kl£e5um, ^d kom f. i Jjser) ;
(5) heavy sea (reis f. mikit allt frd
grunni) ; (6) sin, transgression ; (7)
downfall, ruin, decay ; f, engla, the
fall of angels ; gozin eru at falli
komin, the estates are dilapidated;
(8) quantity {of a vowel or syllable) ;
(9) gramm., case.
falla (fell ; f611, f611um ; fallinn),
V. (i) to fall; eigi fellr tre vi6 fyrsta
hogg, a tree falls 710 1 with the first
stroke ; f. af baki, to fall fro)n horse-
back ; f. d kne, to fall on one" s knees ;
f. dfram (d bak aptr), to fall forwards
{backwards) ; f. flatr, tofallp7-ostrate ;
f. til jarSar, to fall to the grou7id ;
refl., Idta fallast (=sik falla), to let
oneself fall (f)d let Loki f. 1 kne
Skada) ; (2) to drop dow7i dead, be
killed, fall {in battle) ; {^) to die of
plague (fellu fdtoekir menn um allt
land) ; {4) to fiow, run (of water,
stream, tide) ; sserinn fell ut frd landi,
ebbed; fell sjor fyrir hellismunnann,
the sea rose higher than the cave-
77iouth ; si3an fell sjor at, the tide
rose ; J)eir sd l)d 6s mikinn f. i sjoinn,
fall into the sea ; ^ d fell {a river
fiowed) \\6 skdla Asolfs ; var skipit
svd hladit, at inn fell um soxin, that
the sui rushed i7t at the prow ; (5) of
clothes, hair, to fall, hang dow7i ;
hdrit fell d herSar honum aptr, the
hair fell back on his shoulders ; letu
FALIiA
[123]
FAIiL-JOKULL
kvennv^Sir um kne falla, they let
wojnen's dress fall about his /c?iees ;
(6) to fall, calm down (of the wind) ;
fell vedrit {the storm fell) ok gerSi
loo-n ; (7) to fail, be foiled', sa ei6r
fellr honum til utIegSar, if he fails i?t
taki?ig the oath, he shall be liable to
outlawry ; f. d verkum sinum, to
have been caught red-ha?ided, to be
justly slain ; f. or fallast at mdli,
sokn, to fail in ofie's suit\ f. fra mali,
to give it up ; fallinn at fraendum,
bereft of kins7nen ; doemi ek fyrir
drdp bans fallnar ySrar eignir, / sefi-
tence yo2cr estates to be fo? felted for
his slaughter; retl., ef gerdarmenn
Idta fallast, if the umpires fail to do
their duty; J)d fellust ollum Asum
orStok ok sv^ hendr, then voice and
hands alike failed the Gods ; fellust
J3eim allar kveSjur, their greetings
died on their lips ; vill sd. eigi fallast
lata andsvor, he will riot fail or
falter in replying; (8) to fall out,
happen ; mer fell sva gsefusamliga {it
befell me so luckily), at; stundum
kann svi. at f., at, sometitnes it may
so happen that ; {()) to be had or pro-
duced (J)at j^rn fellr 1 firSi peim ; Jsar
fellr hveiti ok vin) ; (10) with adv.,
e-m fellr e-t t)ungt, lett, a thing falls
heavily, lightly zcpon 07ie (petta mun
ySr t>ungt f.) ; fell J)d, keisaranum
J)yngra bardaginn, the battle turned
against the emperor; e-m fellr e-t
naer, it falls ?iigh to 07ie, touches one
nearly ; benni lell meinit svd nasr, at,
the illness fell on her so sore, that;
mer fellr eigi firr en honum, //
touches me no less than him ; hormu-
liga fellr oss nu, at, it falls out sadly
for tcs, that; (11) to please, suit;
kvaS ser {jat vel f. til aftekta, said
that it suited him well for draiving
revenue frofn ; honum fell vel 1 eyru
lofsord konungs, the king's praise
was pleasant in his ears; jarli fellst
t)at vel i eyru, the earl was well
pleased to hear it ; mun mer ilia f., ef,
/'/ will displease me, if; fell vel i.
meS t^eim, they were on good terms ;
refl., honum fellst pat vel 1 skap, //
stilted his 7nind welly he was pleased
with it ; fellst hv^rt o3ru vel ( ge3,
they loved each other; (12) with
preps, and advs., f. af, to fall, abate
(fell af vindr, byrr) ; f. d e-n, to befall
one ; Jjser fellu lyktir i., at, the end
was, that ; f. 1 e-t, to fall into ; f. i
brot, to fall in a fit; f. 1 ovit, to
faint, SW0071 ; f. 1 villu, to fall into
heresy ; f. 1 vald e-s, to fall into
ojie's power; fell veSrit 1 logn, the
stoj'm cahned down ; f. niSr, to fall,
d?-op ; mitt kva^cJi mun skjott nior f.,
my poem will soon be forgotten ; fell
sva niSr J)eirra tal, their conversation
dropped, they left off talking ; f.
saman, to fall in with, agree; J)6 at
eigi felli allt saman me3 ^€\xx\, though
they did not agree ifi everythiiig ; f.
til, to occur, happen, fall out ; ef
au6na fellr til, if luck will have it so ;
litlu si6ar fell til fagrt lei6i, a fair
wind cavie on ; oil |)ingviti, er til
falla, all the fines that may fall in, be
due', nema J)orf falli til, imless need
be ; sem sakir falla til, as the case
falls ; f, undir e-n, to fall to one's lot
(of inheritance, obligation) ; arfr fellr
undir e-n, devolves upo?t one ; f. ut,
to recede, of the tide (pd er ut fell
sj 6 r i n n ) ; f . V i 3 drar, to fall to at the oars.
fallerast (atS), v. refl., (i) to be mis-
taken ; {2) to prove false ; (3) /<? fall
(with a woman).
fall-hsBtt, a. n., e-m verSr -hsett, one
staggers, is ifi danger of falling.
f alligr, a. pretty, hafuisome ( f. litr).
fallinn, pp. ( i ) svd. f . , such-like,^ so
made or constituted (hvi man hinn
sami ma3r svd. f.) ; svd. f. orskurdr, a
decision as follows; (2) vel, ilia f.,
well, ill-disposed (hann var vaenn
ma3r ok vel f.) ; fitted, worthy (bezt
til konungs f.) ; at hann v^ri betr til f.
at deyja fyrir {)d sok en faSir bans,
that he more deserved to die than his
father did; (3) neut., fallit, ^/; ok
haztti \)i. er honum J)6tti f., stopped
whe?i he thought ft ; kalladi vel til f.,
said it was qiiite right; (4) suited to
one (e-m) ; eigi })ykki mer l^er su fer6
vel fallin, / thi?ik this journey will
not do for thee.
fall-jaki, m., -jokull, m. ice-berg \
PAIiL-SOTT
[124]
FANGA-RAD
•sott, f. flagiie (ef falls6tt kemr I fe
manns) ; -staSr, m. a place to fall
upon (leita s^r -staSar) ; -valtligr,
-valtr, a. unsteady, changeable, un-
certain (-valtr fagnaSr J)essa heims).
fair (-S, -ir), m. the socket of a
spear-head^ into which the shaft fits
(spjotsfalr).
fair, 2i/for sale, to be sold', eiga
(hafa, Idta) fait, to have a thing for
sale ; mer er e-t fait, / a7n willing to
part with; J)eir er mer eru falastir
til l)ungs hlutar, whom J wotild most
willingly let si{ffer.
fals, n. fraud, deceit, imposture.
fals-, in compds., false, fraudulent,
forged.
falsa (a5), v.{i) to falsify, forge (f.
rit, bref, innsigli) ; (2) to defraud,
impose upon (f. e-n) ; f. e-t af e-m, to
get a thing frotn one by fraud (vil ek
eigi, at t)u falsir fe af minum Jiegnum) ;
to spoil (f. brynju).
falsaSr, p.p. false, falsified^ adul-
terated (f. gu5, f. drykkr).
falsara-domr, va. fraud, imposture.
falsari, m. impostor, deceiver.
fals-blandaSr, pp. blended with
fraud, guileftil ; -br6f, n. false deed ;
-brotSir, m. false friar ; -greifi, m.
false count (Heinrekr -greifi) ; -gu5,
m. false god ; -heit, rv. false protnise ;
-kona, f. false woman, ha7'lot\
-konungr, ra. false, self-made king;
-kostr, m. false virtue ; -kristr, m.
false Chi'ist ; -lausliga, adv. without
fraud ; -lauss, a. guileless ; -laus
md,li, good money ; -laust kaup, a
bargain in good faith; -laust, adv.
= -lausliga ; -leysi, n. sincerity,
honesty ; -liga, adv. falsely ; -ligr,
a. false ; -maBr, f. harlot ; -ottr, a.
deceitful; -peningar, m. pi. false
money ; -po--.toli, m. false apostle ;
-pusa, f. unfaithful wife ; -saraliga,
adv. = f alsliga ; -samligr, a. false,
fraudulent ; -silfr , n . bad {adulterated)
silver ; -spamaSr, m. false prophet ;
-tru, f. false doctrine^ heresy ;
-vdttr, m. false witness; -vilnan,
f. deceitful hope ; -vitni, n. false
witness {evidence) ; -vitr, a. crafty,
cunning.
fambi, m./^^/: cf. ' fimbul-fambi '.
fang, n. {i) grasp, hold; ii. f. i. e-m
or af e-m, to get hold of one (fekk
engi l)eirra f. i. mer) ; sd J)eir, at {jeir
fengu ekki f. af Erlingi, they saw that
they could not catch E. ; {2) wrestling,
grappling (taka f. vi6 e-n, ganga til
fangs) ; ganga d f. viO e-n, g. 1 f. e-m,
to grapple with one, provoke one;
fangs er vdn af frekum ulfi, it is hard
to deal with a huttgry wolf; (3) the
space between the artns, the breast
and arms ; kom spjotit 1 f. honum,
the spear pierced his breast; reka i f.
e-m, to throw in one's face ; hafa e-t
1 fangi ser, to hold in one's arms, to
have in one's power ; taka 1 f. s^r, to
take into one^s arms (tok manninn i
f. s^r ok bar ut) ; fcerast e-t i f., to
undertake a thing, take upon oneself;
fcerast e-t or fangi, to throw off,
refuse; (4) catching fish, fishing \
halda (fara) til fangs, to go a-fishing\
take, catch, draught (f. pat, er peir
dttu bdSir) ; (5) foetus in sheep and
cows (ef gradungr eltir f. or kii) ; (6)
pi., fong, baggage, luggage; fong ok
fargogn, luggage and carriage ; pro-
visions (oil voru f. hin beztu) ; bord
meS hinum beztum fongum, a table
with the best of cheer ; (7) pi. means,
opportunity ; engi f. eru onnur a,
there is no other choice ; hafa f. i. e-u,
to be enabled to do a thing (hofdu eigi
f. d at reka langt fl6ttann) ; af (eptir)
fongum, to the best of one's power,
according to one's meatis.
fanga (a$), v. to capture (dSr en
hann var fangaSr) ; f. dau5a, to catch
one's death, die.
fanga-brekka, f. wrestling ground
(at the Althingi).
fangaSr, a. having means {{'ong) for
doing a thitig.
fanga-far, a. short of means or pro-
visions ; e-m verQr -fdtt, falls short
of provisions ; -kvi?5r, m. a body of
jurymen taken at random ; -lauss, a.
void of means or provisions ; -leysi,
n. want of stores ; -litill, a. vile, not
worth fetching; -rac5, n. device, ex-
pedient ; g66r, fljotr -rdSs, ready,
quick at expedients.
FATSraARI
[125]
PARA.
fangari, m. wrestler.
fanga-stakkr, m. wrestling jerkin ;
-vdttr, m. a witness taken at random ;
-vitni, n. testimony of a -vattr.
fang-brogS, n. pi. wrestling (takast
-brogSum).
fangelsi, n. prison, jail.
fang-hella, f. a sto?ie set on edge on
a turestling-ground.
fangi, m.. prisoner (rare).
fanginn, pp. captured; fig. enticed.
fang-litill, 3.. yielding little produce ;
-staSr, m. a place to grasp or lay
hold of \ {■k -sta3 d e-m, to get a hold
of one ; Ijd -staSar d sdr, to let 07ieself
be caught.
fangs-ti5, f. wedding season.
fang-sasll, a. having a good grasp,
lucky ; -taka, f. taking a hold (in
wrestling) ; -vinr, m. an antagonist
in wrestling (poet.).
fann-hvitr, a. snow-white ; -mikill,
a. snowy.
fantr ^-s, -ar), m. (i) servant, foot-
man (fant se ek hvern i. hesti, en
lendir menn ganga) ; (2) la?idlouper,
vagabond.
far, n. (i) a means of passage, ship ;
bjarga fari d floti, to save a vessel
afloat ; in compds., a trading vessel
(Islands-far, Englands-far) ; {2) pas-
sage ; taka (fd, rd5a) ser fari or far,
to take a passage in a ship ; beiSast
fars, to ask for a passage ; synja e-m
fars, to de7iy 07ie a passage ; banna
e-m f., to forbid one to sail (cf. ' far-
bann'); (3) trace, print, track
(Sveinki rak lomb sin til fjoru 1
forin) ; villast hundarnir farsins, the
hounds lose the track ; of et sama f.,
071 the sa7ne subject ; (4) life, conduct,
behaviour', 1 fari konungsins, i7i the
king's character; (5) state, co7idition
(gefa J)eir eigi gaum um hennar far) ;
f. veSranna, the course of the winds ;
at fornu fari, of yore, of old.
fara (fer ; for, forum ; farinn), v.
(l) to 7nove, pass alomi, go ; gekk
hann hvargi sem hann for, he walked
wherever he went; f. heim (heim-
an), to go ho7ne {fro7n home) ;
f.^ d fund e-s, to visit 07te ; fjold ek
for. / travelled i7iuch ; hann sagSi,
hversu orS foru me6 {)eim, what
words passed between the7n ; absol.,
to go begging (omagar, er ])ar eigu at
f. i t)vi t^ingi) ; (2) with 'fer3, leiQ' or
the like added in ace, gen., or dat. ;
f. leiSar sinnar, to go one^s way,p7-o-
ceed on one's jour 71 ey (= f. ferSar
sinnar or ferSa sinna, f. ferS si'na, f.
for sina, forum sinum) ; f. J)essa fer3,
to 7nake this journey ; f. fullum dag-
leiSum. to travel full days-jour7ieys;
f. stefnufor, to go a-su77i7noni7ir ; f.
bonordsfor, to go a-wooi7ig; f. sigrfor,
to go on the path of victory, to
t7'iu772ph ; f. g66a for, to 77iake a lucky
journey ; fig., f. osigr, to be defeated;
f. mikinn skaSa, to suffer great
da77iage ; f. hneykju, skomm, to incur
disgrace ; f. erendleysu, to faili?i one's
errand ; with the road in ace. (f. fjoll
ok dala) ; (3) f. buSum, bygSum,
vistum, to 7nove, change one's abode ;
f. eldi ok arni, to 77iove one's hearth
a7id fire; (4) f. einn saman, to go
alone ; f. eigi ein saman, to go with
child [ — i. med barni) ; (5) with infin. ;
f. sofa, to go to sleep (allir menn voru
sofa farnir) ; f. vega, to go to fight ;
f. leita, to go seeking (var leita farit) ;
(6) with an adj., &c. ; f. villr, to go
astray ; f. haltr, to walk la7ne ; f.
vanstiltr, to go out of one's 77ii7id; f.
duldr e-s, to be unaware of; f. and-
vi'gr e-m, to give battle; f. leyniliga
(leynt), to be kept secret; eigi md
l)etta svd f., this can7tot go on i7i that
way; fjarri ferr y^dX, far f7077i it, by
7t0 7neans; for J)at fjarri, at ek vilda,
/ was far fro77i desi7-i7?g it; {7) to
tU7'n 07it, e7id; for |3at sem likligt var,
it turned out as was likely (viz. ended
ill) ; svd for, at, the e7id was, that ;
ef svd ferr sem ek get til, if it turns
out as I giiess ; a somu leiS for um
aSra senclimenn, it went the sa7ne
%uay with the other 7nessengers ; (8)
to fare well, ill ; biSja e-n vel f, to
bid one farewell; (9) to suit, fit, esp.
of clothes, hair (ekki l)ykkir mer kyrt-
ill pinn f. betr en stakkr minn ; hdrit
for vel) ; impers., for ilia d hestinum,
it sat ill on the horse; (10) impers.,
e-m ferr vel, ilia, one behaves or acts
FARA
[126]
FARA
well, ill\ honum hafa 611 mdlin
verst farit, he has behaved worst in
the whole matter ; e-m ferr vinveitt-
liga, one behaves in a friendly way ;
(ii) refl., esp. of a journey; forast
vel, ilia, to go well, ill \ foist peim
vel, they got on well ; forst t»eim ^-k
seint um daginn, they got along
slowly ; recipr., farast hjd, to pass
one another withotct 7neeti?ig, = i. i.
mis ; f. 1 moti, to march against one
another', (I2) f. e-t hondum, to touch
with the hands, esp. of a healing
touch, =f. hondum um e-t (bi6 hann
f. hondum meinit) ; f. land herskildi,
brandi, to visit a land with * wa?'-
shield\ with fire, to ravage or
devastate it (gekk sidan ^ land upp
me6 li6i sinu ok for allt herskildi) ;
(13) to overtake (An hrismagi var
t)eirra skjotastr ok gat farit sveininn) ;
tunglit ferr solina, the moon overtakes
the sun ; i.hx hana Fenrir fari, before
F. overtakes her; (14) to ill-treat,
treat cruelly ; menn s^ ek pd, er
mjok hof6u hungri flirit horund, that
had chastened their fiesh with much
fasting; {15) to put an end to,
destroy ; f. ser (sjdifr), to kill oneself;
f. lifi (fjorvi) e-s, to deprive 07ie of
life ; t)u hefir sigr vegit ok Fdfni
(dat.) um farit, killed F.; (16) to
forfeit (f. londum ok lausafe) ; (17)
refl., farast, to perish ; f. af sulti,
hita, moedi, to die of hunger^ heat,
exhaustio?i ; of a ship, to founder
(forst par byrQingrinn) ; to be drowned
(alls forust J)ar niu menn) ; J)d. er
baeSi himinn ok jor5 hefir farizt, w//<?/z
heaven and earth shall have passed
away ; ferst nu vindtta ykkur, your
friendship is done with ; f. fyrir, to
come to no2ight (at siQr muni fyrir f.
nokkurt storrasSi) ; (18) with preps,
and advs., f. af klaeSum, to take off
one's clothes ; f. at e-m, to tnake an
attack upon, to assault (eigi mundi 1
annat sinn vasnna at f. at jarlinum) ;
f. at e-u, to mind, pay heed to ; ekki
fer ek at, {jott l^u hafir svelt J)ik til
fjdr (// does not ^natter to me^ 1 do 7iot
care, though) ; to deal with a thing,
proceed in a certain way ; svd skal at
s6kn f,, thus is the pleading to be
proceeded with ; f. at logum, ulogum,
to proceed laivfully, tmlawfully ; f.
mjiikliga at, to proceed gently ; her
skulu vi6 f. at me6 rd.5um, act with
deliberation ; impers. with dat., to do^
behave; ilia hefir mer at farit, I have
done my business badly ; to go in
pursuit {search) ^(vikingar nokkurir
{)eir sem f6ru at fdfongum) ; f. at
fuglaveiQum, to go a-fowlifig; f. at f^,
to tend sheep ; f. 6. e-n, to come upon
one ; sigu saman augu, J)d. er dauQinn
for i., when death seized hijn ; f. d.
hasl or hccli, to step back, retreat ; f.
eptir e-m, to follow 07te ; f. eptir e-u,
to go for, go to fetch (Snorri go6i
f6r eptir likinu ; f. eptir vatni) ; to
accom7}iodate oneself to, co/form to
(engi vildi eptir o3rum f.) ; t)au or5
er eptir fara, the followi7ig words ; f.
fram, to go on, take place; ef eigi
ferr gjald fram, if no pay7ne7it takes
place ; veizlan ferr vel fram, the feast
we7it on well; spyrr, hvat par foeri
fram, he asked, what was going on
there ; f. fram rdSum e-s, to follow
one's advice ; allt mun pat sinu fram
f., it will take its own course ; kvd.6u
pat engu gegna ok foru sinu fram,
took their ow7i way; segir honum,
hversu peir foru fram, how they acted \
f. e-t fram, to do, perfor77i a thi7ig ;
spyrr hann, hvat mi se fram faranda,
what is to be do7ie ; f. fyrir e-t, to
pass for, be take7i for (fari sd fyrir
niSing, er) ; refl., farast fyrir, to co7ne
to nought (forst pat fyrir) ; f. hjd. ser,
to be beside oneself; f. 1 e-t, to go into
(f. 1 tunnu) ; f. 1 sseng, rekkju, to go
to bed ; f. 1 sess sinn, sagti sitt, to take
one's seat ; f. 1 klseSi, to put 07t
clothes, dress \ f. 1 vdpn, brynju, to
put 071 a7'77iour ; f. i lag, to go right
or straight agai7i (pd foru brynn
hans 1 lag) ; f. 1 voxt, to i7icrease ; f.
1 purQ, to wane ; f. 1 hernaS, viking,
to go a-freebooti7tg; nu ferr 1 uvaent
efni, 710W matters look hopeless ; to
happen, occur (allt pat, er i hafSi
farit um nottina) ; f. me3 e-t, to
wield, handle, 77ia7tage\ for Hroptr
med Gungni, H. wielded {the spear)
FARA
[127]
FAR-a^FA
Gungnir ; f. nieS go5or9, to hold a
godord ; f. me3 sok, to manage a
lawsuit ; to practise, deal in ; f. med
rdn, to deal in robbery ; f. me6 spott
ok hd6, to go scoffing and mockitig ;
f. med galdra ok fjolkyngi, to practise
sorceyy ; to deal withy treat, handle
(t)u munt bezt ok hogligast meS hann
fara); f. af hljoQi med e-t, to keep
matters secret ; f. me3 e-m, to go
with one, follow one (ek skal me6
ySr f. me3 allan minn styrk) ; f. me3
e-u, to do {so and so) with a thing,
to deal with, manage ; hvernig J)eir
skyldu f. me5 vdpnum sinum, what
they were to do with their weapons ;
sd maSr, er med arfinum ferr, who
manages the i?theritance ; f. me9
milum sinum, to manage one's case ;
f. vel me6 sinum hdttum, to bear
oneself well ', undarliga fara munkar
J)essir me6 ser, these moiiks behave
strangely ; f. me6 barni, to go with
child', impers., ferr me6 J)eim heldr
fdliga, they are on indifferetit terms ;
f. or landi, to leave the country ; f.
or klasSum, fotum, to take offi one's
clothes, undress ; f. saman, to go
together J to shake, shudder ; for en
forna fold oil saman, shivered all
through; to conctir, agree (hversu
ma t)at saman f.) ; f. til svefns, to go
to sleep ( = f. at sofa) ; f. um e-t, to
travel over (f. um fjall) ; f. hondum
um e-n, to stroke or touch one with
the hands (hann for hondum um t^d,
er sjukir voru) ; f. morgum orSum
um e-t, to dilate upon a subject ; f.
myrkt um e-t, to keep a fnatter dark ;
f. undan, to excuse oneself {ixova doing
a thing), to decline, reftise (hvat berr
til, at Jdu ferr undan at gera mer veizl-
una) ; bor6 fara upp, the tables are
removed ; f. lit, to go from Norway to
Iceland; to come to a close, run out
(foru svd ut Jjessir fimm vetr) ; f. utan,
to go abroad (from Iceland) ; f. vi6
e-n, to treat one, deal with ofie in a
certain way ; margs d ek minnast,
hve vi6 mik foruS, / have many
things to remember of your dealings
with me ; f. yfir e-t, to go through ;
nu er yfir farit um landndm, now an
account of the settlements has been
given ; skjott yfir at f., to be brief
fara-bok, f. a book of travels, an
itinerary ; -hagr, m. travelling cir-
cumstances or condition.
farald, n. {mode of) travelling, in
the phrase, hverju {or me6 hverju)
faraldi {how, by what means) hann
haf5i t)ar komit.
farandi (pi. -endr), m. traveller,
farand-kona, f. beggar-woman.
far-angr (gen. -angrs), m. luggage.
farar-bann, n. = farbann ; -beini,
xi\. furthering one's journey ; -blomi,
m. travelling with pomp ; -broddr,
m. the front of a host ; -buinn, pp.=
farbuinn ; -dv51, f. delay ; -efni, n.
pi. equipinent ; -eyrir, m. money for
travelling; -gogn, n. pi. necessaries
for a journey ; -greitSi, m. convey-
ance ; -haft, n. hindrance, stoppage ;
-hestr, m. nag, horse ; -leyfi, n.
leave to go ; -mungat, n. ale for
use on a journey ; -nautr, m. =
forunautr,
fararakjota-laust, adv. without
means of conveyance.
farar-slgoti, m. means of convey-
ance ; -snuSr, m. speed on a journey ;
-stafr, m. walking-stick ; -talmi, m.
hindrance, delay in one's journey.
far-bann, n. prohibition of sailings
embargo ; -bauti, m. ogre ; -beini,
m. = fararbeini ; -borSi, m., in the
phrase, leita ser farborSa, to take pre-
cautions (so as to get safe and sound
out of a danger) ; -buinn, pp. pre-
pared to sail, ready for departure.
fardaga-helgr, f. the Sunday in
fardagar ; -skeiS, n. the time of far-
dagar.
far-dagar, m. pi. removing days (four
successive days in summer, at the
end of May, old style) ; -drengr, m.
sea-firittg man ; -flotti, a. fugitive,
exiled', -fuss, a. eager for depart-
ing', -fysi, f. eagerness to depart or
travel.
farga (a5), v. (i) with ace, to press ;
(2) with dat., to destroy^ make away
with.
far-gfflfa, f. good luck on a journey ;
-gogn, n. pi. luggage, baggage ; -g0rvi.
FAR-HIRDIB
[128]
FAST
n. travelling-gear \ -hir^ir, m. ferry- \
7nan.
-fari, m. sea-farer, voyager, only in j
compds. (Dyflinnar-fari, Englands-
fari) ; traveller (Jorsala-fari).
farinn, pp. (i) gone, undone', J)i er
farnir voru forsiofiumenn Troju, when
the defenders of Troy were dead and
gone ; hans tafl var mjok svd farit,
his game was almost lost ; farinn af
sulti ok moeSi, fatnished and ex-
hausted ; f. at e-u, destitute of (f. at
vistum, lausafe) ; tungl farit, a ^ dead'
moon, new 7noon ; sol var skamt
farin, the sun was little advanced,
not long risen ; l)d var dagr alljos ok
s61 farin, broad day and the sun high
in the sky ; (2) so and so conditioned ;
vel andlits f., vel f. i andliti, well-
favoured ; mjok aldri f., strickeft in
years ; vel ordi {or orQum) f., well-
spoken, eloquent ; impers., e-m er e-n
veg farit, one is so and so ; er eigi
einn veg farit ugsefu okkar, otir ill-
luck is not of one piece ; veQri var
J)annig farit, at, the weather was such
that ; hversu landinu er farit, what
the condition of the cottntry is ; henni
er J)annig farit, at hon er mikil ey,
long, // (viz. the island) is so shaped
that it is laige afid long; fig., of dis-
position, character; cr honum vel
farit, he is a well-disposed matt ; J)eim
var ulikt farit at morgu, they were
unlike in many respects ; undarlis^a
er y3r farit, jk^ are strange men ; add-
ing the prep, til : nu er annan veg til
farit, now matters are altered; nii er
svd til farit, at ek vil, now the case is,
that I wish ; (3) ^ fornum vegi, 07i
the high-road (ef maOr andast a for-
num vegi) ; hann kom heim af
fornum vegi, frotn a jowney.
far-kona, f. beggar-woman.
farkonu-sott, f. a kind of disease.
far-kostr, m. a vessel, a ship ;
-lami, a. unable to go further on a
journey ; -leiga, f. passage-money ;
-lengd, f. jourftey, travels ; -Ijoss, a.
light enough for travelling (nott
var J)d farljos) ; -log, n. pi. nautical
law ; -ina^r, m. sea-faring man,
seaman, travelling 7nerchant.
farmanna-butSir, f. pi. merchant
booths ; -log, n. pl.= farlog.
far-m.6vSr, a. weary from travelling,
farmr (-s, -ar), m. freight, cargo
(bera, flytja farm af skipi) ; load (in
general) ; (2) contents (maSrinn finnr
fotuna med sinum farmi).
far-nioet5a, f. tiredness or weariness
from travelling.
farna?5r (gen. -ar), m. furtherance^
speed (til farnaSar mer ok til ferSar) ;
J)ar til er hon kynni nokkurn farnaS,
till she had learned how to get on in
the world.
far-nagli, va. plug (in a boat).
farnast (aS), v. refl., f. vel, to speea
well ; to be fortunate.
far-nest, n. provisions for a journey
(i bagga hans var farnest hans).
farning, i. ferrying over, passage
(veita e-m f.).
farnmgar-ma(5r, m. = ferjuma3r.
farningr (gen.-s), m. = farning.
far-rak, -rek, n. strait, dilemma ;
at t)u komir aldri siSan 1 shkt farrak,
in such a strait', J)at hafdi f'orSi
ordit til farreks, at, that mishap haa
befallen Thord, that.
farri, m. landlouper, vagrant,
far-skip, n. ferry-boat.
fars-kostr, m. = farkostr.
far-snilli, f. nautical art ; -synjan,
f. refusing to ferry one over.
far-ssBla, f. good speed, prosperity
happiness', -saBlast (d), v. refl., tc
speed well, have luck ; -saBld, f. =
-Sccla; fridr ok farsasld, peace am,
happiness ; -seell, a. (i) speeding wel
in voyages (svd, farsasll, at hann kauj
ser jafnan hofn) ; (2) prosperous
-saelliga, adv. prosperously ; -saBlligr
a. prosperous, advantageous, usefu,
(farseelligir hlutir).
fars£Blu-lauss, a. (i) luckless; {2
miserable.
far-tdlmi, m. = farartalmi ; -tekja
f. taking a passage in a ship ; -vegr
m. (l) track (manna farvegr) ; (2
channel, bed of a river; (3) road
journey (langr farvegr) ; -l)egi, m
passenger.
fast, 2id.\. firmly, fast (sitja, standa
binda, halda f.) ; sofa f., to sleep fast.
PASTA
[129]
FATTR
drekka f., to drink hard\ leita f.
eptir, to urge, press hard\ rySjast
um f., to make a hard onslaught ;
leggja f. at, to close with one (in a
sea-fight) ; telja f. i. e-n, to give one
a severe lesson,
fasta (a (5), v. to fast, abstain from
food ; f. t^urt, to fast on dry food.
fasta, f. {\) fist, fasting] (2) season
appointed for fasting {n\\i vikna f.).
fasta-eign, f. real property, opp. to
* lausafe ', * lauss eyrir ' ; -far, n., only
in dat., (ij fastafari, eagerly, co7i-
stantly \ -goz, n. = fasta-eign.
fast-eygSr, -eygr, a. firm-eyed ;
-gar^r, m. fastness, stronghold ;
fastgarQr er fyrir, there are great
obstacles in the way, -haldr, a. (l)
tenacious, saving; (2) steadfast, con-
stant (fasthaldr i. sinni fyrirastlan) ;
-heitinn, a. tme to one's wo7'd\
-heldi, f. (i) closeness, parsii7iony ;
(2) tenacity, constancy, -hendr, a.
close-fisted.
fasti, m. poet.yfr<? ; foera e-n i fasta,
to briftg one into a strait.
fastla, adv.=fastliga.
fast-liga, adv. firmly, strongly,
trua -liga, to believe firmly ; e-t horfir
-liga, it looks hard, difficult', vera -liga
kominn, to be set fast ', -ligr, 2i.fast,
Jirtn, strong; -lyndr, 2,. firm, strong-
minded; -mdll, a. trusty; -meeli,
n. pi. fast e?igagement (binda e-t
fastmaslum).
fastna (at5), v. (i) to pledge, promise
solemnly (f. e-m logbot) ; (2) to be-
troth (fastnaQi MorSr Hruti dottur
sina) ; f. sdr konu, to engage a wife ;
refl. fastnast, to be betrothed.
fastnaSar-mal, n. = festarmdl ; -61,
n.=festarol.
fastnaSr (-ar), m. betrothal.
fastnandi (pi. -endr), m. betr other.
fast-naemr, a. (i) close-fisted; (2)
firm, trusty (-naemr vi6 vini sma).
fast-orcSr, a. true to otie's word.
fastr, a. [l) fast, fir fji, sticking fast
to the spot; hrutr f. {held fast, en-
tangled) d, meSal vida ; f. d velli,
standing fast (in battle) ; standa f.
fyrir, to stand fast {firm) ; (2) close,
close fisted; f. ok fegjarn, close a?id
covetous ; f. af e-u, sparing of (f. af
drykk); (3) of a meeting : J)ders6kn-
ar{)ing er fast, during the session ;
(4) firtn, fxithficl (fast heit, loforS,
fost tru) ; fuUr ok f., definitive, per-
manent (J)essi grid skulu vera full ok
fost); (5) stro7ig, hard (f. bardagi) ;
fast atkvsefli, hard syllable (ending in
a double consonant) ; (6) til fasta,
fast, firmly ; r^6a, msela, heita til
fasta, to make a firtn agreejnent.
fast-ratSinn, pp. deter?nined {-ri.6\nn
1 e-u) ; hafa e-t -raSit, to have tnade
up one's mind [about] ; -riki, n. strong
ride, tyranny ; -settr, pp. fast-rooted
(-sett villa) ; -tekinn, pp. determined,
resolved (hafa e-t fast-tekit me6 ser,
-tekinn i e-u) ; -toekr, a. headstro7ig,
stubborn ; -utSigr, a. staunch, fir77i of
77ii7id; -u^Ugaf 3.dv. firmly ; -uSligr,
a. = -u3igr ; -vingr, a. steadfast as
f ri e7id, = vinfastT ; -yrcSr, a. = -or6r.
fat, n. (i) vat, vessel, pail (kona
vildi bera vatn en hafSi ekki f.) ; eitt
fat {basket) meS vinberjum ; (2) h(g-
gage, baggage (bera fot sin i. skip,
bera fot 1 land) ; (3) article of clothing,
gar77ient, pi. (fot), clothes, dress (hann
haf6i fot sin i fangi ser, en sjdlfr var
hann naktr).
fata, f. pail, bucket.
fata (at5), v. to step, = {et3..
fata-buningr, m. apparel; -bur,
n. wardrobe ; -g0rvi, n. luggage, gear ;
-hestr, m. pack-horse ; -hirzla, f.
wardrobe ; -hruga, f. heap of clothes ;
-kista, f. clothes-chest.
fatlaSr, pp. i7npeded; fjotri fatlaSr,
fettered.
fat-lauss,, a. (l) withoict clothes,^=»
klae5lauss ; (2) without luggage.
fatl-byrtSr, f. a burde7i fastened with
straps (cf. 'fetill'j.
fatnatSr (gen. -ar), m. clothing.
fat-prutSr, a. dressy, finely dressed',
-pryt5i, f. dressiness.
fatr, n. i7/tpedi7ne7it, delay.
fatrast (atS), v. refl. to be entangled
or i77ipeded in a thing (fatrast mjok
fyrir honum).
fats-toturr, m. tatters.
fattr, a. {easily) bowed backwards.
PATT-SKOLPTADR
[130]
FA
fatt-skolptatSr, a. with uptur?ted
stiout.
fauska-groptr, m . diggi?ig dry logs
out of the earth for fuel.
fauskr (-s, -ar), m. a rotten dry log
(fuinn fauskr, forn fauskr).
fax, n. ?nane\ poet., vallar fax, the
field's inane^ wood.
faxatJr, pp. maned, having a mane.
fd (f8B ; fekk, fengum ; fenginn),
V. (i) to grasp with the hands , get
hold of\ hon hefir fengit einn stein,
she has taken a stone ; {2) to take,
capture (fengu l)eir Gunnar) ; (3) /^
get^ gai?i, win ; sd faer er frjdr, he
that woos wins ; fd flj63s dst, to win
a woman''s love ; hann ba6 konunnar
ok fekk heitit hennar, he asked the
woman in 7narriage and got the
promise of her hand; fd sitt eyrindi,
to acco77iplish one's errand \ fd haerra
hlut, to get the better of it ; fd goSar
viStokur, to get a good reception ;
fd skilning d e-u, to get k7iow-
ledge of\ (4) to suffer, endure \ fd
usigr, to be defeated \ fd skaSa, to
suffer har7n ; fd uvit, to fall senseless,
to faint ; fd lifldt, to fall lifeless ; ii.
bana, to come by one's death ; {{) to
get, procure ; hann fekk sdr gott
kvdnfang, he got a good wife ; (6) to
give, deliver to one, put into 07ie's
hands ; fd mer [give me) leppa tvd or
hdri J)inu ; fdit nu konungi festu {give
the king bail) J)d er honum liki ; fd
e-m sok, to charge one ; var sd sveinn
fenginn f hendr okkr, delivered i7ito
our hands; fd e-m e-t at geyma, to
give a thing into 07te's charge ( = fd
e-m e-t til geymslu) ; (7) with pp.
following, to be able to ; fd e-n veiddan,
to be able to catch one ; hon fasr me6
engu moti vakit J)d, she could by no
77ieans awaken the77i ; J)eir munu mik
aldri fd sott, they will never be able
to overco77ie 77ie ; fengu J)eir honum
ekki ndt, they could not catch hi77t ;
skaltu hvergi ii. undan hokat, thou
shall have no chance of sneaki7ig
away ; hann fekk {jo eigi viss or^it,
he could not make out for certai7i ; (8)
with gen., to get, take, gain, win ;
l)eir fengu fjdr mikils, they took a rich
booty, vel er J)ess fengit, it is well
earned, well done ; hann var eigi
skdld, ok hann haf^i ei t)eirrar listar
fengit, he had not received that gift ;
fd ver^ar, to take a meal; hann fekk
ser sveitar {he raised a band) ok
g0r^ist illvirki ; fd konu, to get a
wife, 77iarry (hon var dtjdn vetra, ei
f^orsteinn fekk hennar) ; (9) to co7i-
ceive, of sheep and cattle {(i. bursar,
lambs); (10) to touch, affect; J)at
fekk mikils hinum hertekna manni,
it touched the captii'e deeply ; pd faer
f^orbirni svd mjok {Th. was so much
77ioved), at hann graetr; (11) impers.,
07ie can get or fi7id ; vdpn svd go^, at
eigi faer onnur slik, that the like are
7wt to be got; at varla fdi vitrara
mann, that a wiser ma7t is ha7'dly tc
be found; also, one 77tay or ca7i (dc
something) ; J)at skip faer vel varit
eldi, that ship can well be guardea
agai7ist fire; (12) with preps.; fd ai
sdr (with infin.) to bri7ig oneself to ;
peir fengu af verra, they got the worst
of it; id, at veizlu, bruokaupi, bloti,
to get provisio7is for a feast (hann fekk
at bloti miklu) ; sd dagr er at jolum
skal fd, the day whe7i preparatio7is
are to be made for Yule (cf. ' atfanga-
dagr ') ; f d d e-u, to get hold of, grasj>
with the hand; fa^ir Mo^a fekk ^
t)remi, the father of M. caught hola
of the bri7n ; fd a e-n, to touch, affeci
one, tnove (opt ii. d horskan lostfagrir
litir) ; Idta e-t d sik fd, to be {deeply)
affected by, take it to heart ; drykki
faer d e-n, the dri7ik i7itoxicates oni
(er drykkr fekk d Hdkon jarl) ; ii
i e-t, to take hold of, grasp with the
hand (= fd d e-u) ; for^u^u fingrum,
fengu i snoeri, they took hold of the
strings ; fd e-t or e-s til, to get, pro-
C2cre (var kirkja gor ok kennimanna
til fengit) ; fd e-n til at g0ra e-t, to get
07ie to do a t/wig; Jjeir fengu menn
til at ry^ja skip sitt, they got 7nen tc
clear their ship ; fd til e-s, to lay hola
of; J)ar var fjold fjdr, fengu til margir,
there was wealth of 77ioney, and 77ia7iy
took a share of it; (13) refl. , fdst 1 e-u,
to be busy, exert oneself, engage in a
matter (drottningin mdtti t)ar ekki i
PA
[131j
PAR
fdst) ; Helgi leita^i pi., ef Siguier
vildi i fast vi^ {>orvald, t/S. would try
with Th. ; segir hana Ijuga ok fist i
rogi, and deal ift slander ; fist vi(5
e-t = f. i e-u ; f. vi6 e-n, to have to do
with, to contend with one (H. segist
{)d vilja . . . fdst eigi vi3 fjdnda J)enna) ;
to wrestle {grapple) with one (skaltu
fdst vi6 blimann varn).
fa (fd, fdcSa. fdt^r), v. to dra^v,
paint \ fd riinar, to draw runes or
magic characters ; ver hofum fd6a
unga bruQi d. ^^■Z'gy we have painted
the young bride on the wall \ gulli
fd3r, gilded.
fd-bygSr, pp. thinly peopled.
fMoema-mikill, a. uncommonly
great (hogg fadoema-mikit).
fa-doemi, n. pi. exceptional things \
vera me6 fddoemum, /<? be exceptional,
portentous; -dcemiligr, a. exceptional,
extraordinary.
fadoemis-heimska, f. extraordinary
foolishness.
fd-einir, a. pi. only a few (=fdir
einir) ; -froSr, a. ignorant ; -froet5i,
f. want of knowledge, ignorance.
faga (a5), v.{\) to adorn, embellish
(gjorS f^gu6 me8 brogSum) ; (2) to
polish, clean = faegja (hun fagar ok
J)vaer foetr Jjeirra allra) ; (3) to take
care {charge) of, to tend (f. farsselu-
lausa, sjuka); (4) to cultivate (f. rangan
itrunad) ; f. jorQina, to till the earth ;
(5) /<? worship (f. heiQin go6).
fdgan, f. worship (f. gu6a).
faganar-niat5r, m. worshipper.
fdgandi (pi. -endr), m., fagari, m.
cultivator, worshipper (vingards fdg-
andi, fdgari skur6go6a).
fd-glyjat$r, pp. of little glee, sad.
fdgu-ligr, a. neatly polished.
fa-gaetr, a. scarce, rare, U7icom7non ;
-heyrSr, pp., -heyriligr, a. unusual;
-hjuatSr, a. few in fa7nily (var Jjar
fahJLiat) ; -hsefr, a. of little use.
fai, m. image /figure.
fdinn, a. polished, stai^ied.
fa-katr, a. sad, ifi low spirits.
fak-hestr, m. = fakr.
fd-klaeddr, pp. having few clothes
on, thifily clad.
fdkr (-8, -ar), m. horse (poet.).
fa-kunnandi, f., -kunnasta.f. ignor'
ance\ -iLunnigr, Si. ignorant ; -kunn-
leikr, m. = -kunnasta ; -kunnligr, a.
unusual, rare; -kynsl, n. pi. -kynstr,
n. shocking accident.
fdla, f. giantess, hag, witch.
fd-ldtr, a. silent, reserved; -leikr,
m. coldness, melancholy (taka fdleika
ok ugleSi) ; -liSa, a. indecl., -Iit5a5r,
-lic5r, a. 7ulth few followers ; -liga,
adv. coldly yioW me6 Jjeim heldrfdliga) ;
-ligr, a. cold, reserved.
falka-kaup, n. purchase of falcons ;
-veit5r, f. catching of falcons.
falki, in.falcofi.
fdlma (a5), V. to ftwible, grope about
(f. hondum, saxi) ; f. til e-s, to try to
get hold of one (Hrappr vildi f. til
min) ; (2) to flinch (f. af hraezlu).
fa-ljTQdi, n. steadfastness, faithful-
ness ; -lyndr, a. steadfast, faithful,
opp. to 'fjollyndr' ; -maligr, a. chary
of words, reticent ; -menni, n. few
people ; -mennr, a. havijig few fol-
lowers (fara famennt) ; -mesltr, a.=
-mdligr ; -nefndr, pp. seldom men-
tioned; -nytr, a. of little use; -or?$r,
a. sparing of words.
fdr (fa, fatt ; compar. faari or faerri,
supeil. faBstr), a. {i) fe7u ; me3 fa
lidi, vi6 fd menn, with few men ; fdir
( = fd-ir menn i,_/"^z£/ ; fiir einir, 07ily a
few ; 1 fam ordum, in few words ; the
sing, often instead of plur., esp. in
old sayings (far er fagr, ef grastr;
f. bregSr hinu betra, ef hann veit hit
verra) ; neut. fatt, few thifigs (fdtt
veit sd er sefr) ; var eigi bo6it faera en
hundraQi, no fewer than a hundred
were invited; fdtt af {)eirra monnum,
only a few of their 7nen ; with gen.,
fdtt manna, feiu 7nen ; fatt gods, but
little good; peir ug5u fdtt at ser, they
feared little for their ow7i safety ;
with numerals, fdtt 1, less th i7i, short
of, save; vetri fatt i fjora \\<g\i, forty
years all but 07ie, thirty-ni7te years ;
litit fatt i fimm tigi vetra, little short
of ffty years; halfum eyri fdtt i atta
merkr, eight 7narks less half an 0U7ice ;
sex menn it faesta, six 7ne7t at least;
(2) cold, reserved, ifi low spirits =
fdlatr ; var pa. Gunnarr vi6 hana leng'
fAr
[132]
ri!-DRjtrGR
fdr, Tuas cold to her for a long time ;
neut. fdtt, coolness ; var fdtt um meQ
J)eim broeSrum the brothers were on-
indifferent tertns ; fatt var me5 peim
Hruti um samfarar, there was a cool-
ness between H. and his wife : hvd.rt
er var i milli J)eirra mart e6a fatt,
whether they stood on good or bad
terms ^ were frietidly or not.
far, n. (l) bale, harm, mischief', lesa
f. um e-n, to speak foul calumnies of
one; af iix\,from evil passion ; ef ek
vissa Jiat f. fyrir, if I could foresee that
bale ; full skal signa ok vi3 fdri sja,
and so prevent har?nfro7n it; t)at er
f. mikit {'tis a bad omen), ef t)u foeti
drepr ; (2) dangerous illness (Id hann
i pessu fari naer viku) ; {'^)f rated, false
dealing.
fa-ra?5r, a. perplexed, helpless.
far-hugr, m. wrath, grudge ; -kuldi,
m. piercing coldness (-kuldi veSrs) ;
-leikr, m. disaster; -liga. adv. (i)
wrathfully; (2) abo77iinably ; -ligr,
a. harmful, disastrotis ; -ramr, a. ter-
ribly strong.
fars-fuUr, a. ill-natured, malignant.
fars-skapr, vn. fierceness.
fdrs-kona, f. wickedwoman ; -ma8r,
m. wicked man.
far-s6tt, f. pestilence; -verkr, m.
severe pain ; -^ri^vUr\.baleful weather,
tempest; -yrt5i, n. i^\.foul hmguage.
fd-roeddr, pp. little spoken of (J)ar
var fdrcett um) ; -roetSinn, a. chary of
words ( = f^mdligr, faorQr) ; -s6nn,
a. seldom seen, rare ; -sinni, n. loneli-
ness, isolation ; -skiptinn, a. little
meddling, quiet ; -skruSigr, -skruS-
ligr, a. meagre, poor; -skyrliga,
adv. foolishly (spyrja faskyrliga) ;
-skyrligr, 3.. foolish, silly; -staSar,
adv. in few places ; -tala(5r, pp. ( i ) =
-ordr ; (2) having few vowel-sounds ;
-tiSindi, n. pi. rare occurrence ;
-ti?iliga, adv. rarely; -ticSligr, a.,
-tic5r, a. uncommon, rare ; -tcekdomr,
m. poverty ; -toeki, n. want, poverty ;
ganga d fdtoeki, to go a-begging.
fatcBkis-domr, m. = idtoekdomr ;
-folk, n. poor folk; -land, n. land
of affliction ; -litS, n. poor people ;
-maSr, m.poor man.
fatcek-leikr, m. poverty ; -liga, adv.
poorly ; -ligr, a. poorly, poor.
fa-toekr, a. poor ; -toekt, f. poverty ;
-vinga^r, pp. having few frie?ids
(hafa fdvingat) ; -vitr, a. unwise,
foolish, silly ; -vitr a, -vizka, f. un-
wisdoni, folly ; -vizkr, a. = favitr ;
-visa, 2i. foolish.
f6 (gen. :Qar) n. (i) cattle, esp.
sheep ; l)eir raku feit {the sheep) upp
i. geilarnar ; gaeta fjar, to herd or
tend sheep ; ganganda fe, live stock,
opp. to ' dautt fe ', or ' liggjanda fe,'
valuables, money ; (2) property, 7noftey
(hvart sem fe t»at er land e6r annat
fe) ; fyrirgora fe ok fjorvi, to forfeit
property and life ; fe er fjorvi firr,
life is dearer than 77ioney ; fe veldr
frasnda rogi, 7noney 77iakes foes oj
kins77ien ; afla ser fjar ok fra2g6ar
(frama), to gain wealth a7id fa77ie;
her er fe J)at {the motiey), er Gunnarr
greiddi ; J^iggit t)at, herra, fe er i t)vi,
the7-e is value in it ; pi. fe (dat. fjdm),
property, 7neans.
f6aut5nu-ma^r, m. a i7ian lucky with
his sheep ; f6-boS, n. offer of 7nofiey.
f6b6ta-laust, adv. without any co7n'
pensation being paid.
f6-br6g5, n. pi. devices for i7iaking
77ioney ; -boetr, f. pi. co7npensation,
esp. as we7'egild, opposed to * mann-
hefndir.'
fe^gar, m. pi. father and son {or
sons) ; vi5 f. we, father and son ; vin
jDeirra Sturlu feQga, a friend of Sturla
a7id his father.
feSgin, n. (i) father or mother
(hvdrttveggja feSginit) ; (2) ^l.parents;
vdrra fyrstu feBgina, of our first
paretits ; f. e3a na-frasndr, parentis or
7iear kinsfolk ; hjd feSginum sinum
ok forellrismonnum, by his parents
a7id forefathers.
fet5ma (a^), v. to span or encompass
with the artns,
fecSr, m. father, = fa6ir.
fe^r-betrungr, m. = foQurbetrungr.
feSr-land, nfiatherland, = foSurland;
-munir, m. pi. patri77iony.
f6-drengr, m. open-handed man
(-drengr goQr vi3 sina vini) ; -drjugr,
a. rich in sheep and cattle.
FE-FANG
[133]
FELA
f6-fang, n. booty \ -fastr, a. close-
/isted, = i2iS\.Y af fe ; -fatt, a. n. in want
of inoney (e-m er or verSr fdfatt) ;
-fellir, m. loss of sheep (from plague
or starvation) ; -festi, f. closejisied-
ness\ -fletta (-tta, -ttr), v. to strip
{one) of money, cheat {one) ; -frekr,
a. greedy for ?noney ; -fong, n. pi.
booty, plimder, spoil, cf. ' fefang ' ;
-gefinn, pp. give ft for (and to) gain.
fegin-leikr, iw. joyfiilness.
feginn, a. glad, joyful ; verQa f. to
rejoice ; fegnari en fra megi segja,
happy beyond description ; with dat.,
Ingi konungr var6 honum hinn feg-
nasti, king Ingi was delighted with
his cofning', iliu f. ver J)u aldrigi,
never rejoice in mischief; taka vi6
e-m fegins hendi, to receive one joy-
fully, with heart and hand\ finnast
d fegins degi, to meet on the day of
joy, at the resurrection.
fegin-saga, {. joyful new ^', -samliga,
2i^v. joyfully ; -samligr, 2.. joyful.
f6-girnd, -girni, f. avarice ; -gjald,
Ti. payment, fne; -gjarn, a. covetous,
avaricious ; -gjof, f. gift of moftey ;
-gl0ggr, a. close-handed; -g6c5r, a.
good, current (1 fe'godum peningum).
fegra (at5 or -tSa), v. to embellish,
beautify ; kanna si6u manna ok f.
to improve, better; ekki t^arf pat
orSum at f. the7-e is no use trying to
extemmte it; f. um e-t, to inend,
polish up.
fegrt5, f. beauty (f. solarinnar).
fegrtSar-fullr, a. beautiful; -lauss,
a. void of beauty.
f6-grit5, n. pi., security for property ;
-gyrtSill, m. mo7iey-bag, purse (worn
on the belt) ; -gastni, f. saving habits ;
-gofugr, a. blessed with wealth ;
-hirSir, m. (i) herd, shepherd; (2)
treasurer; -hirzla, f. (i) treasury;
(2) treasure.
f6hirzlu-hus, n. treasure-house ;
-inat5r, m. treasurer.
f^-hus, n. (i) = fj6s, cattle-house;
(2) treasury.
feigtS, f. approach, foreboding, or
sign of death (t)u sdtt l^egar i dag
feigdina d honum).
feigt5ar-greip, f. hand of death.
feig-ligr, a. (i) looking * fey like*;
(2) boding death.
feigr, a. fated to die, fey ; ekki mi.
feigum forSa, there is 710 saving, or
rescuing, a *fey ' 7nan ; standa, ganga
feigum totum to tread on the verge of
rui?i ; msela feigum munni, to talk
with a 'fey ' ?nouth ; vilja e-n feigan,
to wish one's death.
feikn, a. awful, terrible.
feikn, f. portent, terf'ible thing.
feikna-litJ, n. terrible host; -veSr,
n. fearful weather, tempest.
feikn-stafir, m. pi. baleful runes,
evils, ctirses.
feilast, V. refl. to falter, be timid
(Sinfjotli let ser ekki feilast).
feima, f. bashful girl.
feita (-tta, -ttr), v. to fatten,
feiti, {.fatness.
feiting, {.fattening,
feit-leikr, xn. fatness,-= feiti.
feitr, Si.fat.
f§-katr, a. pioud of one's wealth ;
-kostnatSr, m. expenditure, expense;
-kostr, m. = -kostnaSr; -krokar,
m. pi. ' money-crooks ' ; viz. wrinkles
about the eyes, marking a greedy man
(syndist HallfreSi fekr6kar i augum
hans).
fel, f. the folded skirt of a cloak (?).
fela (fel ; fal, falum ; folginn), v.
(i) to hide, conceal (f^lu J)eir gullit 1
Rin ; J)aer austr ok vestr enda fdlu) ;
fel sverS J)itt, sheathe thy sword;
yrkja folgit, to use obscure phrases (in
poetry) ; impers., fal J)a syn (ace.)
mini J)eirra, they lost sight of one
another; (2) f. e-m e-t, to niake over^
to give in trust or charge to one;
hann fal 65ni allan J)ann val, he gave
all the slain to Odin ; mey frumunga
fal hann {entrusted to) megi Gjuka ;
f. e-m e-t d hendi, to commit a thing
to one's charge, to comtnend ; fdlu sik
ok sdHr sinar gu5i almdttkum a hendi,
they commended themselves and their
souls to God Almighty; f. e-t undir
ei6 sinn (J)egnskap sinn), to vouch
upon one's oath {upon one's honour) ;
f. e-t undir e-m, to put under one's
charge; er und einum m^r oil um
folgin hodd Niflunga, the whole hoard
Fi!-iiAa
[134]
PELIil-VETR
of the Niflungs is in my hands alone',
man hdr oil vdr vindtta undir felast,
all our friendship will depend upon
this ; f. e-n a brott, to put one out for
alimentation ; f. e-n inni = f. e-n i.
brott ; sd boandi, er hann fair sik
inni, the man with whom he boards
and lodges \ f. bufi6 inni at e-m, to
put out [^cattle, sheep) to one to keep ;
(3) refl. felast, to hide oneself (morg
leyni t)au, er f. mdtti i) ; f . i faomi e-m,
to be locked in one's ar?ns ; f. i. hendi
e-m, to put oneself in another's hands,
enter his service (Kolskeggr falst k
hendi Sveini Dana-konungi).
f6-lag, n. fellowship, partjtership ;
eiga -lag saman, to be partners -, eiga
(hafa) felag vi5 e-n, hafa fdlag e-s, to
be in partnership with one ; leggja
felag vi3 e-n, to enter into partnership
with one\ leggja til fdlags, to co?t-
tribute to a co7?imon fund \ skipta til
fi61ags, to share in partnership.
f61aga-erft$, f. a partner's inheri-
tance.
f6-lagi, m. (i) partner, shareholder
of any kind ; also used of married
people, partner, 7nate (hvat segir J)u
mer fra Hruti, felaga pinum) ; ek vil
skilja vi6 felaga minn, I wish to part
with my mate\ {2) fellow, mate, cojji-
rade ; g66r (gamansamr) felagi, a
good {fnerry) fellow ; felagi minn ok
Iraendi, my comrade and kinsman.
felag-leikr, m. frietidli7iess ; -ligr,
2i. friendly, kind (e-m, vi5 e-n).
lelags-bii, n. joint household; -f6,
n. common fund ; -g0rc5, f. (i ) entrance
into partnership; (2) contf-ac t (nemdi
annan veg hafi mselt verit 1 feg0r6
J)eirra) ; -hross, n. a horse owned in
partnership with others.
f61agskap-ligr, a.=felagligr.
f61ag-skapr (gen. -skapar), m. (i)
fellowship, partnership; (2) com-
panionship, friendship ; g0r6ist {)ar
brdtt -skapr godr, they soon became
inti?nate friends ; binda saman lag sitt
ok -skap, to enter into close alliatice.
f61ags-lagning, f. entering into
partnership; -mat$r, m. partner;
-vfiBtti, n. a witness in matters of a
felag.
f6-lauss, a. penniless, poor ; -laust,
adv. gratis,— kauplaust ; -lat, n. loss
of money.
feldar-blacS, n. = -skaut ; -dalkr, m.
cloak-pin ; -roggvar, f. pi. the long
hairs of the outside of a cloak ; -skaut,
n. the skirt of a cloak ; -slitr, n. tatters
of a cloak.
feldr (-ar, -ir), m. cloak.
feldr, ^^. fitted; vera vel (ilia) f. til
e-s, to be well {ill) fitted for a thing;
neut., I)er er ekki felt at, /'/ is not fit
for thee to.
f6-leysi, n. want of money ; -ligr, a.
valuable, handsofne (esp., ekki feligr) ;
-litill, a. (i) short of money ^ poor;
(2) of little value (fdlitill skogr).
feljottr, a. shabby, rough (verja
feljott sem laki).
fell, n. ^felV, {isolated) hill, moun-
tain. Cf. 'fjair.
fella (-da, -dr), v. (i) to fell, fnake
fall; f. vi6, to fell timber; i. segl, to
take down saib; (2) to kill, slay (in
battle) ; f. e-n. frd landi, to slay or
dethro7ie (a king); f. fena6 sinn, to
lose 07ie's sheep or cattle fro7n cold or
hu7iger; (i) to cause to cease, abolish
(f. blot ok blotdrykkjur) ; f. roedu sina,
to close 07ies speech ; f. nic5r, to put an
end to, abando7i,give up (f. nidr J)ann
dtrimaS); (4) f. heitstrenging i. sik,
to bring dow7i 07i one's head the curse
for a b7'-oken vow ; (5) to tongue and
groove, to fit; f. stokk d, horn, to put
a board 07i the ho7'7is of a savage bull;
(6) fig., f- ^st (hug) til e-s, to turn one's
77ii7id {love) towards one, to fall in
love with ; f. basn at e-ra, to address
prayer to 07ie, to beg of one ; f. sik vi6
e-t, to fit oneself to a thing; f. sik
mjok vid umroeSuna, to take a war7n
pa7't in the debate.
fella, f. (i) fra7nework, a fra77ied
board; (2) 77iouse-trap.
felli-hur$, f trap-door ; -kapa, f a
ki7id of plaid.
felling, f. ( I ) felling, knockmgdown ;
(2) joi7ii7ig , framing.
fellir, m. death, esp. of cattle.
felli-sott, f. sudde7i illness; -vetr,
m. a hard winter whe7i the cattle die
of cold or hu7iger.
FEIiliU-JARW
[135]
f:6-skylft
fellu-jam, n. wrought iron.
felma-fullr, a. alarmed, frightened.
felmia l-mta, -mtr), v, to be in a
state of fright and alarm (fari menn
stilliliga ok felmti eigi) ; {&\\w\x ^ frigh-
tened (fara f.); e-m verSr felmt vi5,
one gets frightened.
felmtr, m. sudden fear, fright (slaer
felmt d e-n).
f6-rQat!r, m. moneyed man ; -mdl, n.
pi. money-matters ; -mikill, a. ( i )
moneyed, rich ; (2) valuable, costly ;
-mildr, a. open-handed ( = mildr af
fe) ; -missa, f. loss of property ;
-munir, m. pi. valuables, property ;
-muta, f. bribe in money ; -meBtr, a.
valuable.
fen (gen. pi. fenja), n. bog, quag-
mire (myrar ok fen).
f6na (atS), v. impers., e-m fenar, one
gains (fenaSi J)er nu).
fena8r (gen. -ar), m. sheep, cattle.
fengi, n. <^^c'/j, = herfang ; -liga, adv.
advantageously (dreyma -liga).
fenginn, ^^y^. fitted (vel til e-s f.).
fengi-saell, a. making a good haul.
feng-litill, a. of little value.
fengr (gen. fengjar), m. (i) haul,
take ; (2) gain, booty (verSr litit til
fengjar) ; (3) store, supply.
feng-samr, a. inaking large pro-
vision ', -semi, f. being fengsamr.
fe-niSingr, m. miser.
fenjottr, a. boggy (cf. *fen*).
fenna (-ta, -t), v. to cover with snow ;
impers., fennti fe, the sheep were
snowed up.
f6-nyta (-tta, -ttr), v. to ttirn to
account, make tise of (-nyta. ser e-t) ;
-nytr, a. that will bring in motiey,
-penningr, m. penny-tvorth, money ;
-pynd, f. extortion ; -rd^, n. pi. advice
in money matters ; -rdn, n. plunder.
f6rans-d6mr, m. court of execution.
fer6, f. (i) journey (gera ferd sina
heiman); vera i fer6 med e-m, to
travel with one ; (2) conduct, behaviour
(kurteiss i ferQ).
fer^a-ma§r, m. traveller,
ferSar-broddr, m. van ( = farar-
broddr) ; -buinn, pp. ready for a jour-
ney, -leyii, n. leave to travel.
ferSast (ac5), v. refl. to travel.
ferSa-stafr, m. walking-staff, pil-
griin^s staff.
fer^ugr, a. ready (eigi var hann f.
at fara f)essa ferd).
fer-elningr, m. a fish four ells long\
-falda (ac5), v. to make f ou7 fold, mul-
tiply by four ; -faldr, a. fourfold ;
-foetingr, a quadruped', -foe ttr, a.
four-footed', -hyrndr, a. with four
corners, square.
f6-rikr, a. rich, wealthy,
ferill (dat. ferli), m. (l) track,
trace', (2) vera d ferli, to be on the
?novey out of bed; (3) traveller {\^g-,
Rom-ferill).
ferja (a8, old form far^a, farSr),
V. to ferry over a river or strait,
ferja, i. ferry-boat, large boat.
ferju-dr, i.ferrytnan's oar; -bui, ni,
one who lives near a ferry ; -karl, m.
ferry77ian, boatman ; -niac5r, m. =
-karl; -skattr, m. ferry toll; -skip,
n. = ferja ; -smicS, f. making a ferja.
fer-liga, adv. monstrously; -lig-
leikr, m. monstrosity ; -llgr, a. mon-
strous, hideous ; -likan, n. monstrous
shapcy monster; -liki, n. = -likan.
ferma (-da, -dr), v. to load, lade (f.
skip af e-u).
ferming, f. confirmation.
fernir (fernar, fern), a. distrib. {a
set of) four.
fer-skeyta, (-tta, -ttr), v. to square ;
-skeyttr, square; -strendr, 2^. four-
edged, four-sided ; -tugandi, a. for-
tieth; 'tugfaldr, a., for/yf old ; -tugr,
a. (l) forty years old; (2) measuring
forty [el Is, fathoms, etc.); fertug dr^pa,
a poem of forty verses ; -flBrtJr, 2l. four-
oared.
fe-samr, a. lucrative ; -sdtt, f. agree-
ment as to payment ; -sekr, a. fined,
sentenced to a fine ; -sekt, f. fine ;
-sinki, f. niggardliness; -sinkr, a.
niggardly ; -sjoSr, m. bag of mo7iey ;
-sjukr, a. greedy of money ; -skaSi,
m. loss in 7noney ; -skipti, n. division
of property ; -skjdlgr, a., feskjdlg
augu, eyes squinti7ig towards money ;
-skortr, m. shortness of 7noney;
-skuld, f. money debt ; -skurtSr, m.
detri7nent ; -skygn, a. covetous ;
-skylft, a. n., e-m er feskylft, one has
Plfe-SNAUDR
[136]
FIMTI
many expe7ises to defrays -snautSr,
2t..poori7i money ^ penniless'^ -snikja,
-snikni, f, intruding as a parasite,
begging \ -snutSr, m. lucre \ -sparr,
a. sparing, close-fisted \ -spjoll, n. pi.
spells to get wealth.
festa ("Sta, -str), \.{\) to 7nake fast,
fasten (f. skip, bdt, hval) ; (2) to hang
up { — {. upp) ; f. a g^lga, to hang on
the gallows ; f. ut til J)erris, to hang
out for drying \ f. e-t vi6 e-t, to fasten
to a thing', (3) in various fig. phrases,
festa truna6 d e-t, to believe in ; f. hug
vi6 e-t, to fix the fnind upon ; f. yndi,
to feel happy (in a place) ; f. e-t 1
minni, to fix iti the memory ; also
absol., f. kvasdi, to learti a poein by
heart ; (4) to settle, stipulate ; f. sdtt-
mdl, to 7nake a settled agree7ne7it ; f.
jdrn, to pledge oneself to the ordeal of
red-hot i7'07t; (5) to betroth (f. e-m
dottur sina) ; (6) impers. to cleave,
stick fast (spjotit festi i skildinum) ;
eld festir, the fire catches, takes hold;
bein (ace.) festir, the bone unites (after
a fracture) ; (7) refl., festast, to grow
to, stick fast to (nafnit festist vi5
hann) ; bardagi festist, the battle closes
up fast.
festa, f. bail, pledge (svardagi ok f.).
festar-auga, f. loop or eye at the end
of a rope (festr) ; -endi, m. end of a
7-ope ; -fe, n. dowry ; -garmr, m.
chain-dog; -hald, n. holding the rope;
-hundr, m. = -garmr ; -hsBll, m. peg
for a rope; -kona, f. betrothedwo)na7i ;
-matSr, m. betrothed 7nan ; -mal, n.
pi. bet7-otJial, affia7ice ; -meBr, f. =
-kona; -penningr, m. pledge, bail;
-vdttr, m. a witness at a betrothal;
-vaBtti, n. evidence to a betrothal;
-61, n. bet)-othal-ale.
f6-sterkr, a. wealthy, rich.
festi-liga, 2idy. fir7nly, violently.
festing, f. ( I ) fixing, fasteni7ig ; (2)
fir77iament; festning, f., festningar-
himinn, m. = festing 2.
festr (gen. festar, dat. and ace.
festi; pi. fegtar), f. (i) rope, cord,
cable (for mooring a ship to the shore) ;
(2) pi. betrothals (festar fara fram).
festu-matSr, m. bail, surety.
f§-88Bla, f. wealth ; -ssbU, a. wealthy;
-saett, f. an agree77ient as to payment
(of weregild) ; -sok, f. suit, action for
77ioney.
fet. n. (i) pace, step; gans^a (stiga)
feti {r3.ma.rr, to go a step forwa7d; fara
fullum fetum, to go at full pace ; fetum
(dat.) as adv. at a pace ; (2) as a
measure, yi?^/.
fata (fet, fat, — ),v.{\)to step,fi7id
one's way (f. Iei6, heim) ; (2) poet,
with in fin., hve ek yrkja fat, how I
7nanaged to i7iake 77iy poem.
fe-taka, f. taki7ig {receiving) money.
feti, m. blade of an axe.
fetill (dat. fetli ; pi. fetlar), m. strap
(of a shield or sword).
f6-vani, a. short of money ; -vdn, f.
expectancy of 77ioney ; -vsBnliga, adv.
in a 77ia7i7ier pro7ni sing profit; -vaBn-
ligr, a. p7ofitable ; -vaenn, a. = -vaen-
ligr; -voxtr, m. increase in one's pro-
perty, gain, profit.
feykja (-ta, -t), v. (i) to blow, toss
(f. e-u) ; (2) to rush (hann feykir inn i
husit).
f(§-t)urfi, a. i7i need of 7noney.
fiSla, {.fiddle ; fiSlari, m. fiddler,
fiSratSr, 2i. feathered (of arrows).
fiSri, m. feathers, plumage.
fimbul-fambi, m. 7nonstrous fool;
-IjocS, n. pi. 7nighty songs ; -tyr, m.
mighty god; -vetr, m. the great and
awful winter; -J)ulr, m. the mighty
sage or speaker.
fim-leikr, m. ni77ibleness, agility;
-liga, adv. ni77ibly ; -ligr, a. nimble.
fimm, card, nwmh.five.
fimr, a. nitftble, agile (f. vi6 leika).
fimt, f. 7iu7tiber of five.
fimtan, card, rvamh. fifteen.
fimtandi, ord. nwmh. fiftee7tth.
fimtan-sessa, f. a ship with fifteen
rowers' benches.
fimtar-domr, m. the Fifth or High
Court {of law) in the Icela7idic C0771-
77i07twealth.
fimtardoms-eiSr, m. the oath to be
take7i i7t the Fifth Cou7't ; -log, n. pi.
the i7istitution of the F. C; -mal, n.
an action before the F. C. ; -stefaa, f.
a citation before the F. C.
fimtar-tala, f. the 7iu77iber of five,
fimti, ord. numb.yf/?/!.
FIMTUGR
[137]
FITJA
fimtugr, a. {\) fifty years old\ (2)
measuring fifty {ells, fathoins).
fimtungr, m. the fifth part.
fingr (gen. fingrar or fingrs ; pi.
fingr), m. finger (fingr digrir) ; rdtta
e-m f., to point one's finger at.
fingr-brjotr, m. wrong move (in
chess) ; -gull, r\. finger-riftg of gold',
-mjor, a. t/iinfingered.
fingrungr (-s, -ar), ts\. finger-ring.
Anna (finn ; fann, fundum ; fund-
inn), V. (i) to fi7id (J)a fundu {)eir
Hjorleif dauSan) ; (2) to ineet one (ok
vildi eigi f. Hdkon konung) ; (3) to
visit, to interview (gakk Jju at f. kon-
ung); (4) to find out, invent (ninar
munt J)u finna) ; (5) to discover (ok
fundu jDar land mikit) ; (6) fig. to find,
perceive, ?totice, feel (fundu Jjeir J)d
br^tt, at); (7) f. e-m e-t, to fitid fatdt
with, blame (J)at eitt finn ek Gunn-
laugi, at) ; (8) with preps., f. d e-t, to
come across, fall in with ( = hitta d
e-t) ; impers., fann J)at d, it could be
perceived', fann litt a honum, hvdrt,
it was little to be seen whether^ etc. ;
f. at e-u, to find fault with, censure,
blame', f. e-t til, to bring forward,
give as a reason (hvat finnr I)u til
pess?) ; (9) refl., finnast til e-s, to be
pleased with', impers., fannst Grimi
fdtt til hans, Grim was little pleased
with him ; lata ser litit um finnast, to
pay little heed to, rather dislike ; Olvi
fannst mikit um hann, Olvir admired
him much.
Finna, f. Finn woman.
Finnar, m. pi. Finns (usually the
early non-Aryan inhabitants of Nor-
way and Sweden ; not identical with
the modern Lapps or Finns).
Finn-fert5, -for, f., -kaup, n. travel-
ling or tradi7tg with the Finns ;
-^oXkxi^n.fabtiloiis 7nonster\ -kona,
f. = Finna; -land, n. Finland; -lend-
ingar, m. pi. the Finns ; -mork, f.
Finmark ; -skattr, m. tribute paid by
the Fin?ts.
finnskr, a. Finnish.
firar, m. pi. poet, men, people,
firin-verk, n. pi. poet, aboininations.
firn, n. pi. abomination^ monstrous
thing.
firna (at$), v. to blaine, reproach (f.
e-n e-s, e-n um e-t).
firna-, gen. pi., used as an intensive
prefix with adjectives and nouns ;
-djarfr, a. very daHng', -frost, n.
awful frost] -fullr, a. awful \ -harSr,
a. viole7it.
firr, adv. com par., first, adv. superl.,
see ' fjarri '.
firra (-6a, -t5r), v. (i) f. e-n augum,
to lose sight of\ (2) to deprive one of
(f. e-n e-u) ; (3) /<? save, defend (f. e-n
amaeli) ; (4) refl. to keep away from,
shu7i, avoid (firrast fund e-s).
firri, a. zov[vi^2iX. farther ofiF\ {€ er
fjdrvi firra, money is less dear than
life. Cf. 'fjarri'.
firrlng, f. shtinning, 7'e7noval.
fiska (atS), V. to fish (= fiskja).
fiska-kaup, n. purchase of {dried)
fish ; -stoS, f. fishing-place ; -stong,
f. = fiskistong ; -ver, n. = fiskiver.
fisk-bein, n. fish-bone ; -bleikr, a.
pale as fish ; -gengd, f. shoal offish ;
-hryggr, m. fish-spine.
fiski (gen. fiskjar), f. fishing ; roa,
fara til fiskjar, to go a-fishi7ig.
fiski-batr, m. fishing-boat ; -fang,
n. catch offish ; pi. (-fong), stores of
fish ; -gengd, f. shoal of fish ; -karl,
m..fisher7nan ; -'kJifL^vci. fishing-jacket ;
-ligr, 2i. fit for fishing', -Icekr, m. a
brook full offish, fish-brook ; -matJr,
m. fisherman.
fiskinn, a. good at fishing.
fiski-roSr, m. rowi7ig out for fish ;
-saga, i.fish-7iews', -skali, va. fisher-
77ta7i's hut', -skip, n. fishing-boat;
-stong, f. fishing-spear; -veiSr, f.
catching of fish ; -ver, n. fishing
place or station.
fiskja (-ta, -t), V. to fish (= fiska).
fiskr (-S, -ar), m. fish ; flatr f.,
heilagr \., fiat-fish, halibut.
fisk-reki, m. ''fish-driver'* (a kind of
whale).
fit (pi. fitjar), f. (l) webbed foot of
swi7)i77ii7ig birds ; fiipper {of a seal) ;
(2) meadow-land on the banks of a
lake or river.
fita, f. fat, g7ease.
fitja (atS), V. to web, knit (hann Idt f.
saman fingrna).
PITJA-SKAMMR
[138]
FJAND-IilQR
fitja-skarrmr, a. having short flip-
pers (selr ekki fitjaskammr).
fitna (a (5), v. to become fat.
fifil-bleikr, a. dandelio7i-yellow.
fifill, m. dandelion.
fifl, n.fool, clown, boor.
fifla, f. ivanton girl, romp.
fifla (-da, -dr), v. to beguile^ seduce ;
refl., fiflast, to act as seaucer.
fiflingar, m. pi. beguilei7ient.
fifl-megir, m. pi. monsters^ giants,
fiflska, i. foolishness^ folly.
fiflskii-fullr, ?i. full of folly,
fifl-yr'Si, n. t^\. foolish language.
fifrildi, n. butterfly.
fikjast (t), V. refl. to have an eager
desire (d. ^-\,for a thing).
fill (-S, -ar), m. elephant.
finn, 2i.flne, smooth (rare).
fitons-andi, m. spirit of prophecy
heathe?! soothsayiftg. (From med. L.
Phiton for Python.)
fja?>raSr, 3.. feathered ( = fiSraSr).
fja($ra-spj6t, n. = fja6r-spj6t.
fjatSr-broddr, m. point of a spear-
blade', •■la.Q,mv,m. feather-coat; -lauss,
2i.fe other less ; -sarr, a. ''feather-sore^
moulting', -spjot, n. a kind of spear.
fjala-brii, f. a bridge of planks
(fjoi) ; -kottr, m. mouse-trap.
f jal-hcgg, n. chopping-block.
Qall, n. mountni7i,fell.
fjalla-dalr, m. dale, valley \ -gol,
n. light breeze from the mountains ;
-syn, f. motmtain-view.
fj all-berg, n. crag, precipice] -bygtS,
f. district a^nong fells', -dalr, m. dale
in the fells ; -fertS, f. mountain ex-
cursion ; -garc5r, m. range of moun-
tains', -hagi, m. ?nountain pasture',
-ma(5r, m. a man searching the fells
for sheep ; -rapi, m. dwarf-birch.
fjalls-briin, f. brow {edge) of a
mountain ; -hllS, f. mountain- side ;
-niuli, m. a hill projecting between
two valleys.
fjall-stong, i.fellman's staff', -vegr,
m. 7nountain road', -vindr, m. witid
blowing from the mountains, opp. to
'hafvindr'.
fjara, f. (i) ebb-tide, ebb', {2) fore-
shore, beach (var J)d skogr milli fjalls
ok fjoru).
fjara (a5), v. impers. to ebb; skip
(ace.) fjarar uppi, fjarar undan skipi,
the ship is left aground, or remains
high and dry.
fjar-borinn, pp. remotely related.
Qar(5a-gol, n. a breeze blowing out
of the firths.
fjaroar-botn, m. boitoin or head of
a firth ; -horn, n. creek at the head of
a frth ', -iss, m. ice in a firth, land-
ice', -kjaptr, m., -mynni, n. mouth
of a firth.
fjarg, n. heathen god (poet.).
fjarg-hus, n. heathen temple.
fjar-kominn, pp. by no means en-
titled or obliged to (til e-s) ; -laegjast
(5), V. refl. to withdraw {recede) from;
-lasgr, 2.. far off, distant.
fjarra-fleinn, m. landlouper (rare).
fjarri (firr, first), adv. {i) far off
(svd at f. flugu brotin) ; with d-dX. far
from (solu f.) ; standa f. e-m, to stand
far from one ; compar., firr, farther
off; farit firr husi, keep off from the
house ; allt er Ijorvi firr, life is the
nearest {dearest) thing; firr meirr,
farther aloof (bondamugrinn sat firr
meirr); (2) fig., taka e-u fjarri, to
take a thing coldly, show disinclina-
tion, refuse (Ormr tok Jjvi ekki f.) ; ok
er J)at ekki f. hennar skapi, it is ?iot
far from her mind ; f. ferr J)vi, far
from it, by no means; nu s^ ek eigi,
at mer msetti firr um tara en J)^r, now
I see not how I can fare worse than
thou; {"i) far from, bereft of; f. feQr-
munum, bej-eft ofjny patrimony.
fjarski, m.fir distance ; vera (ligg-
ja) 1 fjarska, to be {lie) afar off.
fjar-stoec^r, Si.far off; -stoett er um
afl vdrt, there is a great difference
between our strengths; -synis, adv.
at a great distance ; -toeki, n. refusal
(hafa -toeki um e-t) ; -tok, n. pi. =
-tceki ; -vist, f. living far off.
fjd (early form fia), v. to hate ; refl.,
fjdst e-n = fjd. e-n,
f jdSr, a. moneyed, rich (f. vel).
fjanda-kraptr, m. fiendish power.
fjandi (pi. fjandr), m. (i) enemy^
foe; gefat pinum fjdndum frid, give
no truce to thy foes ; {2) fiend, devil.
fjdnd-liga, adv. fiendishly; -ligr.
PJAND-MADR
[139]
PJTJTKA
a. fiendish \ -mat^r, m. foe-man \
-mcBli, n. pi. words of a foe ; -semi,
f. etimity ; -skapat5r, a. hostile, ill-
disposed (vi6 e-n).
fjandskapar-fullr, a. full of hos-
tility ; -maSr, m. = fjandmaSr.
fjdnd-skapast (a5), v, refl. to show
hostility towards (vi6 e-n, til e-s);
-skapr, m. hostility^ enmity^ hatred
(leggja -skap a e-n).
fjar-aflan, f. making money ; -afli,
rci. property ', -auSn, f. losing all ofie^s
7noney ; -agirnd, -agirni, f. greed for
money ; -belt, f. pasture for sheep ;
-bon, f. asking for money, -bur^r,
m. bribery ; -drattr, m . making money ;
-eigandi, pr. p. wealtJiy (vel -eigandi) ;
-eign, f. wealth, property ; -eySsla,
f. spe7iding of mo7iey ; -eySslumaSr,
m. spendthrift ; -fang, n. (^^^/j, phin-
der (pi. -fong) ; -far, n. money affairs ;
-forraS, n. administration {manage-
ment) of one's money ; -framlag, n.
laying out contributions of money ;
-fiindr, m. ^find ' of ?noney ; -fotSr,
n. -foeSi, n. fodder for sheep ; -gjald,
n. payment; -gjof, f. ^z/? ^ money \
-geymsla, -gaszla, f. tending of sheep
and cattle.
fjargsBzlu-maSr, m., -ma6r mikill, a
thrifty man.
fjarhaga-ma(5r, m., g65r (litiil)
-ma6r, a good {bad) manager.
fjar-hagr, m. {management of on^s)
money matters; -hald, n. (l) with-
holding ones money ; (2) ad/ninis-
tration of one's mo?iey ; -heimta, f.
claiui for money owing one ; -hirzla,
f.= fehirzla ; -hlutir, m. pl.= -munir ;
-kostnaSr, m. expenses ; -Ian, n. loafi
of money ; -lat, n. loss of money ;
-leiga, f. retit; -missa, f. = -Idt ;
-munir, m. pi. p7'operty, valuables ;
-nam, n. seizure of money, plunder ;
-orkumaSr, m. wealthy inan ; -pynd,
{.extortion; -vkn^w. robbery; -reiSur,
f. pi. mo7iey ^natters ; -rekstr, m. drove
of sheep ; -reyta, f. cheatitig^ phinder ;
-sekt, f. fine in mottey; -sjotSr, m.
treasure ; -skat5i, m. loss in money ;
-skakki, va. unjust sharing; -skipti,
n. division of property ; -3tac5r, m. a
{good or bad) investment; -starf, n.
manc^gement of one's money matters ;
-taka, f. seizure of money ; -tilkall,
n. claim for money ; -tillag, n. con-
tributioft in money ; -tjon, n. loss of
money; -upptaka, f., -upptekt, f.
seizure of on e s property ; -utl at, n . pi .
outlay; -varSveizla, f. (i) adminis-
tration {f?ianage?7ient) of another^ s
property ; (2) = -geymsla ; -vdn, f. ex-
pectation of money ; -ver(5r, a. valu-
able ; -viStaka, f. receipt of mojiey ;
-{)urfi, a. needi7tg money; -J>urft, f.
need of motiey.
fjon, f. hatted; reka e-n fjonum, to
persecute ; vekja f., to stir up quarrels.
fj6r-daga$r, a. having lain four
days in the grave.
fj6r(5unga-lok, n. the last quarter
of a verse ; -mot, n. pi. the borders of
the fjordungar (3); -skipti, n.^/^^V/t?//
into quarters.
fjor^ungr (-3, -ar), m. (i) the fourth
part, quarter; f. rastar, a distance
of about a fnile; (2) a weight = teti
pounds; (3) in Iceland, one of the
Quarters into which the whole land
was divided (AustfirSinga-, Vestfird-
inga-, NorSlendinga-, Sunnlendinga-
fjordungr),
fj6rc5ungs-d6m.r, m. Quarter [dis-
trict] court; -Tn.ern\,xn.-^\. inhabitants
of a Quarter ; -umagi, m. a pauper
charged to a Quarter; -l)ing, n.
Qtiarter {district} assembly.
fjor-faldr, a. fourfold; -fcsttr, a.
fourfooted.
fjorir (fjorar, fjcgur), card. numb.
four ; fjogarra vegna, to the four car'
dinal points.
fjortan, card, nxivc^. fou7'teen.
fjortandi, ord. nnmh. fourteenth.
fjortan-sessa, f. ship with fourteen
thwarts.
fjos, n. cow-house, byre ; vera 1 fjosi,
to attend to the cows ; -dyrr, f. pi.
door of a cow-house ; -gata, f. path
to a cow-house; -hlav5a, f. a barri
connected with a cow-house.
fjuk, n. drift i7ig snow-storm.
fjuka (fyk ; fauk, fukum ; fokinn\
V. (i) to be drifted {tossed, blow7i) ty
the wi7id; tok f d at f., // began to snow
and drift ; var fjukanda ve6r, there
FJUK-RENNIK-QR
[140]
FLAGNA
was a [drifting) snow-storm ; nu er
fokit i flest skjol, noiv 7nost places of
shelter are s?iowed up ; no refuse is
left ; (2) fig. to fly off (fauk af hof-
u6i6) ; lata fjuka 1 kveSlingum, to let
satiric verses fly.
fjiik-renningr, m. drifting s7iow ;
-vicSri, n. snow-storjn,
fjotJr (gen. fjatSrar, pi. fjaSrar),
f. {i) feather, quill', draga f. um e-t,
to slur over a thing] {2) fin or tail of
a fish ; (3) blade of a spear.
fjol (gen. fjalar, pi. fjalar, fjalir),
f. deal, board.
fjol-, used as a prefix, much, mani-
fold', -bei^ni, f. hard begging, i?tsist-
ance; -breytinn, a. changeable, whim-
sical', -byg^r, pp. thickly peopled.
fjold, f. multitude, great number,
much ; f. ek for, / have travelled far.
jgdldi, m. 7nultitude', f. manna, skipa,
a great nufnber of me?t, ships.
fjolga (at$), V. to make more nume-
rous-, impers., fjolgar e-t, and refl.,
fjolgast, to beconie numerous, increase
in number.
fjolgan. f. increase in number.
fjol-hcftSatSr, a. many- headed.
fjol-kunnigr, a. skilled in magic.
fjol-kyngl, f. the black art, witch-
craft, wizardry, sorcery.
fjolkyngis-folk, n. wizard-folk',
-it)r6tt, f. magic art ; -kona, f. sor-
ceress, witch ; -vet5r, n. gale produced
by sorcery.
fjollottr, a. mountainous.
fjol-lyndi. n. looseness, fickleness',
-lyndr, a. loose, fickle-, -margr, a.
very many-, -malugr, a. tattling-,
-menna (-ta, -tr), v. (i) to fnake
numerous, increase itt nionber', (2) to
crowd, 7neet in crowds ; -menni, n.
7nany people, cro2vd-, -mennr, a.
numerous, with many people (riSu
menn -mennir til t>ings) ; fjol-menn
veizla, a great banquet', kemr J)ar
-mennt, many people-, -maBli, n. (i)
common talk (fara, foera, 1 -maeli) ;
(2) slander', -or$r, a. talkative', -ra^r,
a. fickle, loose ; -roeSinn, a. = -or5r ;
-roeSr, a. much talked of-, gerist (er)
-rcEtt um e-t, it is much talked of-,
-skrutSigr, a. dressy, -skyld, f. im-
portant business ; -skylda, f., -skyldl,
n. much business, duties ; -skyldr, a.
important (-skylt embsetti).
fjor (dat. fjorvi), n. life ; eiga fotum
fjor at launa, to make the heels save
the head.
fjor-baugr, m. ^ life-money^
fjorbaugs-gartJr, m. the lesser out-
lawry ; -matSr, m. one sentenced to
this-, -s5k, f. a case involving this.
fjor-brot, n. ^\.death-st}uggle (ligg-
ja, vera, i -brotum).
fjortSr (gen. fjart5ar, dat. firt5i; pi.
fir (Sir, ace. fjorSu), m. firth, inlet.
fjor-gjafi, m. one who saves another's
life.
Fjorgyn (gen. -jar), f. Mother-earth.
fjor-lag, n. death, slaughter (verSa
e-m at -lagi) ; -lausn, f. (i) release
from life ; pola -lausn, to suffer death ;
(2) ransom for one's life (yEsir bj66a
fyrir sik -lausn) ; -Idstr, m. loss of
life, death ; verSa e-m at -lesti, to
cause ofie's death ; -ratS, n. plotting
against one's life,
fjcrra^a-sok, f. a case ofiySxxiJS.
fjorratSs-mal, n. a suit for fjorraS.
fjor-segi, m. '' life-muscle\ the heart \
-sjiikr, a. da?igerotisly ill.
fjorsungr, m. a kind offish.
fjoru-grjot, n. the gravel {pebbles)
on the beach ; -mdl, n. ( i ) low-water
mark, (2) foreshore^ beach ; -steinn,
m. pebble.
fjotra (at5), v. to fetter; f. best, to
hobble a horse.
fjotra-brot, n. pi. fragments of a
fetter.
fjotrar-bora, -raiif, f. a hole in a
sledge through which the strap goes.
fjotur-lauss, a. unfettered.
fjoturr (gen. ijoturs and fjotrar,
pi. fjotrar), m. (i) fetter, shackle
(setja e-n i fjotur) ; (2) the straps of a
sledge (sle3a-fjotrar).
flatSra (atS), v. to fawn (f. at e-m).
flag-brjoska, n. cartilage of the
breastbone.
flagS, n. female monster, ogress^
giantess ; opt eru flogd i fogru skinni,
oft lurks a witch under a fair skin.
flagt$-kona, f. ogress = trollkona.
flagna (atSj, v. to flake {scale) off.
FLAG-SPILDA
[141]
FLEYGR
flag-spilda, f. slice cut.
flaka (-ta, -t), v. to gape, esp. of
wounds (f. sundr af sdrum).
flaki, m. wicker-work shield (for
defence in battle).
flakka (acS), v. to rove about (as a
beggar).
flakna (at5), v. to flake off, split.
flat-liga, adv. = flatt (fara -liga =
fara flatt, see 'flatr'); -nefr, 2i. flat-
nosed (a nickname).
flatr, a. {\)flat, level (um sletta dali
ok flata vollu) ; f. ^sk.r, flat flsh, hali-
but ; (2) flat, prostrate (falla f., kasta
s^r flotum ni8r) ; draga e-n flatan, to
drag 07ie flat on the ground', (3) of
the flat side of a thing ; breg6a flotu
sverdinu, to turn the sword flat ; styra
a flatt skip e-s, to steer on the broad-
side of another's ship ; (4) neut. flatt,
as adv., fara f. fyrir e-m, to fare ill,
be worsted.
flat-saeng, f . bed made on the floor,
shakedown ; -vegr, vn.flat side (telgja
-veg i. tr6).
flaug, f. {i) flying, flight (taka flaug
sem fuglar) ; allt er i. for ok flaugum,
in a commotion ; (2) vane.
flaugar-skegg, n. the tail of a vane.
flaug-traucSr, a. = flugtrauSr.
flaum-osi, a. rushing heedlessly on.
flaumr, m. eddy, violent stream.
flaum-slit, n. pi. breach offfiendship.
flaust, n. poet. ship.
flautir, f. pi. a kind of whipped milk.
fla (flaB ; flo, flogum ; fleginn), v.
(i) to flay (f. belg, hu6 af e-m) ; f. e-n
kvikan, to flay alive ; (2) to strip ;
f. e-n af or or klaeSum, to strip one of
his clothes ; f. e-n at gripum, to strip
one for his money.
fla (pi. flar), {.float of a net.
flar (fla, flatt), a. false, deceitful',
masla fagrt, en hyggja flatt, to speak
fair, but think false.
fld-ra$, n. deceit, fraud', -rdSr, a.
false, deceitful', -raBtSi, n. = -rdtS.
fleinn (-s, -ar), m. {i) pike ; {2) fluke
of an anchor (akkeris- fleinn) ; (3) dart,
shaft (fljugandi fleinn).
fleipa (atS), v. = fleipra.
fleipr, n. babble, tattle.
fleipra (atS), v. to babble, prattle.
fleiri, a. compar., flestr, a. super!.
( I ) more, most ; fleira 113, 7nore troops ;
mun Jjat flestum manni ufcEra |)ykkja,
it will seem impossible to most people ;
neut., fleira, flest, more, ?nost things
(ekki sag6i hann honum fleira ; flest
i {jessu brefi) ; with gen., fleira manna,
more people (cfr. * margt manna ') ;
pi., hinir voru J)6 miklu fleiri, rnore
numerous; flestr allr (vel flestr), flestir
allir (vel flestir), ahnost all (flest allt
stormenni ; flest oil hof); (2) 7nore
co7nvninicative, hearty; hann gerdist
vi6 hann fleiri ok fleiri, more and?nore
intiinate.
fleki, m. = flaki.
flekka (at$), v. to stain, pollute.
flekk-lauss, a. unspotted, immacu-
late (foei'dr af flekklausri mey).
flekk-ottr, 2.. flecked, spotted.
flekkr (-s, -ir), ra. fleck, spot, stain.
flenging, f. scourgitig { = \i\\hs\.xok.2i).
flengja (-da, -dr), v. to scourge.
flenna (-ta, -tr), v. to set wide open.
flenn-eygr, a. with distended eye-
lids, open-eyed.
flensa (ac5), v. to kiss (?).
flesk, fleski, n. pork, ham, or bacon.
fleski-sneit5, f. slice of bacon.
flestr, a. superl., see ' fleiri '.
flat (gen. pi. fletja), n. the raised
flooring along the side-walls of a hall
{to sit or lie on) together with the
be7iches thereon. Also in pi.
fletja (flet, flatta, flattr), v. to
* make flat'' , cut open (f. J)orsk) ; refl.,
fletjast, to stretch oneself, lie flat on
the ground.
flet-rotS, n. * clearing the house.*
fletta (-tta, -ttr), v. (i) to strip (f.
e-n klasSum or af klseSum) ; f. e-t af
e-m to strip {something) off one', (2)
to strip, pltmder.
fletta (atS), v. to braid, plait.
fl6tta, f. = flettingr.
fletting, f. stripping, plunder.
fl6ttingr, m. braid, plait.
fley, n. poet, a kind of swift ship.
fleygi-gaflak, n. javelin ; -kvittr,
m. loose rumour, vague report.
fleygja (-tSa, -t5r), v. (i) to tnake fly
(f. haukum) ; (2) to throw (f. e-u).
fleygr, a. cible to fly.
FLEYMI
[142]
FLUGR
fleymi, n., fleymingr, m.jesty sport ;
hafa e-t i fleymingi, to make sport of.
fleyta (-tta, -ttr), v.{\)to set afloat^
launch (f. skipum) ; (2) to lift slightly
from the ground.
flikki, n.fl'tch of bacon.
flikkis-sneitJ, f. slice of bacon.
flim, n. lajnpoon, libel (in verse).
flim-beri, m. lafnpooner.
flimska, f. mockery.
flimta (atS), v. to lampoon, satirise.
flimtan, f. lampooni7ig, satire.
flis (pi. -ir), f. splinter^ chip.
fljotS, n. poet, woman.
fljot, n. (i) = flot (2) ; vera d fljoti, to
be afloat ; (2) river., lake.
fljota (flyt ; flaut, flutum ; flotinn),
V. (i) to float on the water (hann sd
t)ar f. langskip tjaldat) ; (2) to run,
stream ; (3) fig. to float about, spread
(of news); (4) to be flooded, to floiv
(flaut 1 b;63i golf allt) ; flaut hann allr
i tdrum, he was bathed in tears.
fljot-leikr, m.fleetness, speed', -Hga,
adv. ( I ) speedily ; (2) readily, promptly ;
-ligr, a. speedy.
fljotr, a. swift, speedy ; neut., fljott,
as adv. swiftly, quickly ; sem fljotast,
as soon as possible, at once.
fljot-toekr, a. quick at apprehending
(-toekr d e-t) ; -virki, f. quickness in
working', -virkr, a. quick in working.
fljuga (flyg ; flaug, flugum ; flcg-
inn), V. (l) to fly (for svd hart sem
fugl flygi) ; (2) fig. of weapons, sparks,
rumours, etc. (spjotit flaug yfir hann ;
gneistarnir flugu) ; (3) f. d e-n, to fly
at or on one.
flog, n. flight, flying, = flug.
flogall, a. lively, brisk, volatile.
flokka-drdttr, m, raising of bands.
flokkr (-S, -ar), m. (i) body of men
(f. eru fimm menn) ; (2) company, host
(J)eir gengu allir 1 einum flokki) ; (3)
band, troop, party ; hefja, reisa, flokk,
to raise a band; fylla flokk e-s, to join
one's party, to side with one ; (4) sho7't
poem, without refrains (opp. to ' drapa ').
flokks-foringi, -hcf(5ingi, m. cap-
tain, leader; -maSr, m. a fnan be-
longing to a party (flokkr).
flokk-stjori, m. = flokksforingi.
flot, n. {l)faty dripping {irom. cooked
meat); {2) floating; koma i. f, to be
set afloat : vera i. floti, to be afloat.
flota (atS), V. to float, laimch (f. e-u).
flota-holmr, ra.floaiing islet.
flot-brusi, m. floating jar, poet.
boat; -fundinjif pp. found afoat.
floti, m. {\) float, raft; {1) fleet.
flotna (atS), v. to get afloat ; f. upp,
to float up, come to the surface.
flo (gen. floar; pi. floer), f. layer,
stratum.
flo (gen. floar ; pi. flosr), f. a flea,
floa (at$), V. to flood, be flooded.
flotJ, n. {i) flood, inundation, deluge ;
{2) food, food-tide; at floSi, at fioS-
um, at high-water.
floi, m. (i) fnarshy moor; (2) bay,
larg3 firth.
floka-hetta, f . felt hood ; -olpa, f .
felt coat ; -stakkr, m. felt jacket ;
-trippi, n. a foal or yotmg horse
with a matted coat.
floki, m. (i) matted hair or wool,
felt ; (2) cloudlet (skyfloki).
flokinn, a. entangled, inatted.
flona (atS), v. to become warm.
florr, n\. floor of a cow-house.
flotta-buinn, a. ready to fee ; -gjarn,
a. eager tojlee, craven ; -ma^r, m. one
who flees ; -menn, the flying host ;
-rekstr, m. pursziit of the fly'mg host ;
-stigr, m. path cf flight.
flotti, m. {D flight; leggja d flotta,
to take to flight ; stDkkva e-m i. flotta,
to put to flight; (2) reka flottann, to
pjtrsue the flying host.
flug, n. [i) flight (= flugr) ; i. ferd
ok flugi, all in motion ; (2) precipice.
fluga (gen. pi. flugiia), f. {\) fly\
(2) lure, bait; koma flugu i munn
e-m, to allure, entrap one ; gina (taka)
vi6 flugu, to swallow the fly, to be
allured, entrapped.
fluga-bjarg, n., -hamarr, m. beetling
crag, precipice ; -straumr, m. violent
and rapid stream.
flugtSi, a pret. of a lost verb flyggja,
hon flugQi oil, she shuddered all over.
flug-dreki, viv. flying dragon ; -dyr,
r\. flying insect; -liga, adv. swiftly,
-ormr, va. flying snake.
flugr (gen. -ar), m. ( I )y?/;^y^/ (= flaug) ;
beina flug, to spread the wings for
FLUG-SJOR
[143J
POR-BERQ
flight \ (2) flight (=fl6tti); trauSr
flugar, slow to take to flighty bold.
flug-sjor, m. deep sea ; -skjotr, a.
very swift ; -stigr, m. steep path.
flugu-matSr, m. hired bandit, assas-
sin ; -mannligr, a. having the look of
an assassin.
flug-vapn, n. javelin, dart.
flutning, f. (i) transport, carriage
of goods, conveyance of persons', (2)
statement, report (cf. flutningr).
flutningar-matSr, m. one engaged in
conveying goods.
flutningr (-s, -ar), m. (i) = flutning
(i); (2)= flutning (2); (3) pleading
(f. m^ls).
flutnings-maSr, m. a spokesman,
pleader (-ma6r okkarr vi6 konung).
fliitS, f. low skerry, reef flooded by
the sea (a flu3 e6a skeri).
fliir, n. {i) flower', {2) flour.
flytSra, {.flounder.
fly gill, m. flying apparatus.
flyka, f. phantom, ghost.
flykkjast (t), v. to crowd.
flypja (flusta), v. to split, cut in
slices (at flysja epli).
flytja (flyt, flutta, fluttr), v. (i) to
carry, convey (f. voru til skips) ; {2) to
recite, deliver (f. or i. fram kvjeQi) ;
f. md.1 e-s, to plead one's cause, inter-
cede for one; f. (fram) sitt erendi, to
state one's erra?id; (3) to perfo7'7n (f.
jdrnbur6, skirslu) ; f. forn, to bring a7i
offering; (4) refl., flytjast, to flit, re-
move.
flytjandi, (i ) pr. p., f. eyrir, movables,
chattels', (2) m. (pi. -eTL^Jc), promoter,
pleader (f. mdls).
flyja (fly; flySa ; flyiSr, flytSr), v.
(l) to flee, take flight (f. a land upp) ;
f. undan e-m, to flee from one pur-
suing; (2) with ace, f. land, to flee the
country ; uhoegt mun forlogin at f., it
will be hard to avoid what is fated.
flyta(-tta,-tt),/^ hastenii. ferc3inni) ;
f. ser, to speed oneself inake haste.
flytir (gen. -is), m. haste, speed.
flaema (-da, -dr), v. to drive away
ignominiously (f. e-n brott).
FlaBmingi (pi. -jar), m. Flefning.
flaemska, f. Flemish {language).
fla3mskr, a. Flemish.
flsBrcS, {.falsehood, deceit.
flaBrSar-fullr, a. deceitful ; -ortJ, n.
pi. false {but fair) language ; -sam-
ligr, a. deceitful', -stafir, m. pi false-
ness, deceit.
flaBrtSari, m. impostor.
flaertS-lauss, a. sincere '^ at -lausu,
faithfully, honestly.
flasrcSr, pp. adulterated, poisoned (f.
er drykkrinn).
flsBrtS-samligr, -samr, a. false^ de-
ceitful ; -vitni, n. false witness.
floetSa (-ddi, -ddr), v. (i) to flood
over ; impers., pa floedir uppi, they are
overtaken by thefloodtide ; (2) impers.,
floe5ir, the tide lises.
floetSar-bakki, m. a bank covered at
high-water; -mal, n. flood-tnark;
-sker, n. a reef flooded at high-water ;
-urtS, f. rocks reached at high-water.
floetSi-bakki, m. = floedar-bakki ;
-sker, n. = flae6ar-sker.
floeSr (gen. -ar, ace. and dat. -i ; pi.
-ar), {.flood-tide.
floeja (floetSa, flotSa; floeit, floit),
V. = flyja.
floekjast (t), v. refl. to be e7ttangled;
{. fyrir e-m, to cross one's path, to be
constantly in one's way.
floer, m. ivar77ith, heat, = hiti.
flogra (a$), v. to flutter.
flokr, n. roa77iing about.
flokra (a6), v. to roa77i about.
flokta (-kta, -kt), v. ( i ) to flutter and
fly about; {2) to roa77i, wander.
floktan, {.fluttering, roa77iing about.
fnasa (acS;, v. to sno7t with rage.
fnasan, f. S7iefzi7ig, snorti7ig.
fnysa, fncBsa (-ta, -t), v. to sneeze ;
f. eitri, to blow out poiso7t.
fogl (-S, -ar), m. = fugl.
folald, n. you7igfoal.
fold, f. earth ; d foldu (dat.) on earth.
fold-vegr, m. = fold.
foratS, m. (i) dangerous place or
situation , abyss, pit ; (2 j ogre, 7710ns ter
(J)u ert et mesta f.).
foraSs-har, a. terribly tall ; -illr,
a. abo)7ii7iable ; -vetSr, n. abo77iinable
weather.
foracta, f. pretext; finna e-t til
fordttu, to plead as ones excuse.
for-beini, va. furtherance; -berg, n.
POR-BERGIS
[144]
FORN-PRODR
projecting rock ; -bergis, adv. down-
hill'^ -bo5, Xi. prohibition (leggja -bo6
d e-t) ; -bot5a (atS), v. (i) to for bid
(= fyrirbjoda) ; (2; to put tifider an
interdict; -brekkis, adv. down-hill;
-brekkt, a. n. down-hill \ -bcenir, f.
pi. evil wishes, imprecatio7is (bi6ja
e-m forboena).
forSa (atS), v. (i) to put forth (forS-
u6u fingrum); (2) to save; f. fjorvi,
lifi, f. ser, to save one's life; (3) refl.,
forSast, to shun, avoid, escape ; f. fund
e-s, to shun one.
fortSi, m. help, aid.
fortSum, adv. formerly ; f. daga, in
former days.
for-dyri, n. vestibule (= anddyri).
for-dasSa, f. witch, sorceress.
fordastSu-matSr, m. wizard, sorcerer ;
-skapr, m. witchcraft, sorcery ; -verk,
n. execrable deed.
for-doema (-da, -dr), v. to condemn.
for-dcemi, n., -dooming, f. con-
defnnatioft.
for-ellrar, m. pi. forefathers, ances'
tors ; -ellri, n. coll. = forellrar (ulikir
sinu forellri).
forellris-menn, m. pi. = forellrar.
for-fat5ir, m. (i ) forefather ; (2) pre-
decessor; -fall, n. hindrance, draw-
back ; -flotti, a. exiled,fugitive ; ver3a
-flotti fyrir e-m, to flee before one ;
-ganga, f., -gangr, m. ^ going before^
help, support.
forgangs-matSr, m. leader, guide.
for-gartSr, va.fore-court (of a house);
vera i. -gorSum, to be wasted and
squandered, of stores ; -gipt, f. pay-
ment for alimentation ; -gisl, m. hos-
tage ; -gisla (atS), v. to give {a person)
as hostage.
forgongu-m.at5r, m. leader = for-
gangsmaSr.
for-hleypi, n. ; hafa e-n at -hleypi,
to use one as a cafs paw.
forhleypia-matSr, m. = forhleypi.
for-hugatSr, pp. premeditated, afore-
thought ; -hugsan, f. design, purpose.
for-hus, n. porch.
foringi (pi. -jar), m. leader.
forka (aS), v. to punt {a ship).
for-kast, n. fodder {hay) thrown
before cattle ; -kirkja, f. church-porch ;
-kostuliga, adv. very finely ; -kolfr,
m. leader, chief.
forkr (-S, -ar), m. pole, staff, stick.
for-ku^r (gen. -kunnar), f. easier
desire ; e-m er -ku6r i. e-u, one desires
eagerly ; gen., forkunnar, remarkably,
exceedingly (-kunnar vasnn, mikill) ;
-kunn(ar)liga, adv. (i) fervently
(biSja forkunnliga) ; (2) exceedingly
(forkunnliga friSrj ; -kunnligr, a. ex-
cellent.
forlag, n. ( I ) p?'ovision for living,
means of subsistence ; (2) settlement
{in life, by marriage) ; (3) pi. forlog,
fate, destiny,
for-lag$r, pp. done 7uith, forlorn ;
-lendi, n. the land between sea and
hills ; -Ijotr, a. exceedingly ugly ;
-lyta (-tta, -ttr), v. to blame.
for-log, n. pi., see ' forlag '.
form, n. forin, shape (rare).
for-maSr, m. leader, chief; -maSr
konunga, the forejnost among kings ;
-mannligr, a. leader-like ; -m^ali, m.
(i) preamble; (2) stipulation (me3
pvilikum formala, sem) ; {t,) foreword;
{i^ prayer; -menntr, pp. well trained,
highly skilled; -messa, f. matins ;
-mikill, a. exceedingly great ; -m8Bl-
andi (pi. -endr), m., -msBlari, m.
spokesman; -masli, n. {\) pleading;
veita e-m formasli, to plead for one,
pray for one ; (2) prescribed form,
formula.
forn, a. (i) old (f. vindtta, f. mjoSr);
(2) aficient; fornir menn, the men of
old; f. si5r, the old {heathen) ctistont,
religion ; f. atrunaSr, the old creed,
heathe7iis7n ; f. 1 skapi, inclined to old,
or heathen, ways; hann var f. mjok,
he was a great wizard; at fornu, til
ioxxidi., formerly, i?i times past.
fornatSr, m., see ' fornaSr '.
for-nafn, n. pronoun.
for-nam, n. obstacle, hold-fast.
forneakja, f. (i) old tttnes; (2)
heathenism ; (3) old lore, witchcraft
(fara me5 forneskju).
forneskju-klastSabuiiatSr, m. old-
fashio7ied apparel; -m.atSi% m. sor-
cerer, wizard.
forn-fdguligr, a. old and worn-out ;
-frocSr, a. skilled in old lore, versed
PORN-FROEBI
[145]
f6lk:
in witchcraft ; -frcatSi, f. ancient lore,
witchcraft.
for-nj6sn,f./'ir7r<?j'/V/^/(-nj6snaraugu).
forn-konungr, m. ancient king;
-kvetSinn, pp. said of old \ hit -kveSna,
the old saw ; -kvaB^Si, n. old poem ;
-ligr, a. old'looking, old-fashioned;
fornlig frasSi, old lore ; -matSr, m.,
7nan of the olden time ; -msBli, n. old
saw ; -maBltr, pp. = -kvedinn ; -ortSr,
a. swearing; -saga, f. old [mythical)
tale; 'Sk.alA,n. ancient scald; -spjoll,
n. pi. old lore ; -spurcSr, pp., gera e-n
fornspiir5an at e-u, to do a thing
without asking one's leave ; -titSindi,
n. pi. old tales ; -vinr, m. old friend ;
-yrtSi, n. old saw.
for-rd$, n. (i) ?nanagement, superin-
tendence ; (2) admini strati 071^ guar-
dianship ; -rdcSandi (pi. -endrj, m.
overseer, manager.
forracSa-matSr, forratJa-maSr, m.
manager, head man ; -ma6r i. skipi,
captain of a ship.
for-rikr, a. exceedingly rich.
for-rastSi, n. = for-rd.d,
fors, n. vehemence, wrath.
fors (pi. -ar), m. waterfall.
for-sat, f. ambush ; -senda, f., -send-
ing, f. dangerous mission.
fors-fall, n. torrent.
fors-fullr, a. wrathful, vehe?nent.
for-sja or -sjo, {. foresight. prevision.
forsjd-lauss, a. (i) improvident ; (2)
helpless ; -ley si, n. want of foresight ;
-liga, adv. with foresight, prudently ;
-ligr, a. prudent.
for-sjall, a. prudent, foresighted.
forsja-matSr, m. overseer, manager.
for-skdli, m. ante-chamber, entrance-
hall; -skepti, n. handle of a hamtner
or axe; -skop, n. pi. ill fate; -smd
(-smdi, -smatSa, -smd(5r), v. to de-
spise ; -smdn, f. disgrace ; -smit5r,
m. 7naster-smith ; -spa, f. prophecy ;
-spdr, a. foreseeing, p7'ophesving\
-spell, n. heavy loss; -statSa, f.
shielding, p7'otectio7i ; msela e-m for-
st66u (vi6 e-n), to say a good word
for one ; -stjori, m. overseer, leader ;
•stjorn, f. rule, 7na7iage)7ient.
forstjornar-macSr, m. tnanager,
for-stotS, f. = -stada ; -stofa, f. =
-skdli ; -st6rr, a. exceeding tall;
-strejrmis, adv. down sirearn, opp.
to ' andstreymis * ; -syn, {.foreboding;
-synn, a. {\) fore sighted; (2) second-
sighted; 'Q8diUn. front bench; -soela,
f. shade (from the sun) ; -sogn, f. (i)
prophecy; (2) superi7itendence ; (3)
dictation, i7istruction (eptir hinna
vitrustu manna forsogn).
for-taka, v. to deny ; fortaks-ort5, n.
word of co7itradiction.
for-tjald, n. curtain, bed-curtain;
-tolur, f.- pi. persuasion{s), represe7i-
tations; -vaoi, m. a fo}'d before a
projecting cliff; -vetSjacSr, pp. for-
feited; -verari, m. forebear^ prede-
cessor; -verk, n. (ij work done in
a7iother's service ; (2) harvest of hay ;
(3) hireling's work ; gera ekki for-
verkum vi3 e-n, not to treat one
77ieanly.
forverks-litill, a. able to do but little
forverk ; -matSr, m. able work7nan.
for-vitSa, a. indecl. overco7ne in a
fight; -vitSris, -vindis, adv. before
the wind', -virki, n. = -verk (i);
-vist, f., -vista, f. i7tanage77ient ;
-vitinn, a. curious; -vitna (atS), v.
to p7y into, enquire about (forvitna
e-t or um e-t) ; refl., forvitnast e-t,
um e-t, til e-s, to e7tqui7-e about;
impers., e-n forvitnar e-t, one is
curious to k7tow ; -vitni, f. curio-
sity ; -vitri, a. very wise ; -yflast
(d), V. refl. to shrink fro77i (e-s) ;
-ynja, f. appearance, foreboding;
-ysta, f. headship, leadership.
forystu-geldingr, m. = -sauSr ;
-lauss, a. unprotected; -sautSr, m.
bell-wether.
for-t)okki, m., -l)ykkja, f. dislike.
foss (pi. -ar), m. waterfall; =fors.
foa, f. she-fox.
foam, n. gizzard.
fotSr, n . fodder, foddering.
f 65r a ( atS ) , ( I ) to fodder, feed ; ( 2 )
to fur or line (a garment).
f6tSr-lauss, a. (i) fodder I ess ; (2)
U7ili7ied.
fol, n., foli, m.fool.
folk, n. {i) folk, people; (2) the
people of a household; (3) kinsfolk;
(4) host; (5) battle (poet.).
ICE/ DICT.
f6lk-dr6tt
[146]
FRAM
folk-drott, f. = folk (4) ; -orrusta,
f. battle of hosts ^ great battle.
folks-jatSarr, m. chief, lord.
folk-skar, a. destructive to men ;
-stjori, -valdi, m. captain ; -vdpn,
n. pi. weapons ; -vig, n. great battle,
war ; -vortSr, m, chief, captain.
folska, {.foolishness, folly.
folskr, B.. foolish.
folsku-ferS, f. foolish expedition ;
-ort$, n. ^\. foolish words', -verk, n.
foolish {mad) act.
forn (pi. -ir), f. (i) gift; (2) offering.
forna (aS), \.{\)to offer as a present
(f. e-m e-t) ; (2) to offer, bring as an
offring{\.o God).
fornaor, m., at iomz^i, furthermore ,
in addition, to boot.
forn-fcBra (-tSa, -t$r), v. to bring an
offering{^oxi\xn<gx fornfcerdi goSunum) ;
-fcBring, f. offering.
fost-brotSir, m. (i) foster-brother',
(2) sworn brother ( = eiSbr66ir).
fostbroetSra-lag, w.{\) foster-brother-
hood', (2) sworn brotherhood {sverjsisi
I fostbroeSra-lag).
fostr, n. ( i) the fostering (of a child) ;
(2) maintenance.
fostra (at$), v. to bring up as a
foster-child, be a foster-father to.
fostra, f. (i) foster-mother; (2)
foster-daughter.
f ostr-dottir, f . foster-daugh ter.
f6str-fat$ir, va. foster-father.
fostri, m. (l) foster-father', (2)
foster-son ; {'^foster-brother ; (4) pi.,
f ostrar, foster-father and foster-son.
fostr-jortS, f., -land, n. native
country ; -laiin, n. pi. reward for
fostering', -nian,n. nurse {bondmaid)',
-motSir, vci. foster-mother', -maer, f.
foster-daughter', -neyti, n. foster-
parents ; -sonr, ra. foster-son ; -systir,
{.foster-sister', -systkin, n. ^X.foster-
brother{s) and sister {s).
fota-afl, n. strength of the feet;
-brik, {.footboa7'd (of a bed) ; -burtSr,
m. gait; -festi, {.foot-hold; -fjol,
{.foot-board; -gangr, m. trajnpling,
din ; -hlutr, m. the nether part of the
body ; -laBti, n. pi. kicking (of one
hanged).
fotar-mein, n. sore leg', -sdr, n.
a wound in the foot ; -verkr, m. pain
in the leg {foot).
fota-spyrning, f. spurning with the
feet ; -stapp, n. stamping with the
feet; -J)ili, n. = -brik; -^vattr, m./(?<?/-
washing.
f6t-bor(S, n. foot-board; -brot, n,
fracture of the leg; -brotinn, pp.
broken-legged ; -flmr, a. nimble^
footed; -gangandi, pr. p. walkings
going on foot.
fotgongu-herr, m., -litS, n. host oj
footmen ; -matSr, m. a man on foot.
footman, foot-soldier.
fot-har, a. long-legged {=hi-{c£ttr) :
-hrumr, a. weak-footed; -hvatr, a,
swift-footed; -hogg, n. hewing one^i
feet off; -hoggva {see hoggva), v. tc
hew one's feet off; -lami, a. lame Oj
foot; -langr, 2i. long-legged; -laug, f
foot-bath ; -lauss, a. footless ; -lagr,
a. low-legged, short-legged; -leggr
m. the leg; -mdl, n. step ; -mikill, a
big-footed; -mjukr, a. nimble- footed
-pallr, la. footstool.
fotr (gen. fotar, dat. fceti ; pi. foetr)
m. (i) foot, foot and leg; sprettj
(st0kkva) d fcetr, to start to ones feet
vera i. fotum, to be out of bed, be tip
skjota fotum undir sik, taka til fota
to take to ones heels ; eiga fotum fjoi
at launa, to save o?te's life by running
away ; hlaupa sem fcEtr toga, to rut
as fast as feet can carry; kominn a;
fotum fram, off one's feet, decrepit
hverr d foetr o6rum, o?ie after tlu
other; {i)foot (as a measure),
fot-sarr, 2i. foot-sore ; -siSr, a. 7'each
ing down to the feet ; -skemill, m
footstool ; -skritJa, f. sliding ; rennj
-skriSu, to slide on the ice ; -skor, f
footboard; -spor, n. foot-p7'int (stigj
i e-s fot-spor) ; -stallr, m. pedestal
-stirtSr, a. stiff-legged; -trotS, n
trampling under feet ; -trotSa (se(
trotJa), V. to trample uttder one's feet
tread upon ; -veill, a. with a bad leg
frakka, f. spear, lance (rare).
Frakka-konungr, m. the king ^
the Franks.
Frakkar, m. pi. the Franks.
fram, adv. {i)foriuard; hann f^ll i
i. fcEtr konungi, he fell forward on hi
FKAMA
[147]
PRAM-KV^MA
face at the king's feet \ f. rdtt, straight
on ; koma f., to reappear ; (2) out of
the house \ opp. to 'inn, innarr' (var
hon dvalt borin f. ok innarr) ; (3) on
the fore part, in fronts opp. to * aptr '
(maSr f., en dyr aptr) ; aptr ok i.,fore
and aft, of a ship ; (4) joined with
preps, and particles, bida f. d dag, f.
a nott, to wait far into the day, or
night \ bi'Qa f. urn jol, to wait till
after Yule ; fyrir log f. in spite of the
law\ f. undan eyjunni, off the island \
(5) of time, hversu er f. or6it, how
late is it, what time is it? f. orSit
dags, late in the day.
frama (at5), v. to further ; f. sik, to
distinguish oneself \ of a woman, in
pp. neut., me6 barni ok mjok framat,
a fid far advanced.
frama-fert5, f. famous enterprise',
-leysi, n. obscurity.
framan, adv. {i) fro?n {on) the front
side\ f. at borSinu, to the front of the
table ; f. d (skipinu), on the fore part
(of the ship) ; a stdlhufuna f., on the
front of the steel cap ; (2) fyrir f.,
before, in the front of, with ace. (fyrir
f. sldna) ; (3) f. til (= fram til), up to,
until; nu lidr til J)ings f., // d?-ew
near to the time of assenibly.
framandi, pr. p. distinguishedj of
distinction (f. menn).
framan-vatr, a. wet on the fore-
side', -vertSr, a. lying forward, fore-
most; i. -verSri brekkunni,^^ the front
of the slope ; i -vert nefit, on the tip of
the nose.
frama-raun, f. trial of fame.
framar-la, -liga, adv. (i) in a for-
ward position, near the front; (2)
fully, highly, 7nuch.
framarr, adv. compar., framast,
adv. superl. (= fremr, fremst), (l)
farther {farthest) on ; feti framarr,
a step farther on', (2) more, 7nost
(mun {Jm leitat ver6a her framarr
en hvar annars staSar) ; miklu er sjd
framarr {more prominent, superior)
at hvivetna ; t)vi framarr sem, all the
more as; konungr virSi hann framast
allra sona sinna, most of all his sons.
frama-skortr, m. lack of courage ;
-verk, n. exploit, feat.
fram-bot$ligr, a. that can be offered;
-bogr, m. shoulder (of an animal);
-bryggja, f. the gangway leading to
the bow of a ship ; -burtSr, m. delivery
(of a speech) ; -butJ, f., vera til litillar
-bu6ar, to be of little lasting use ;
-Tt>yggjar, -byggvar, m. pi. the me ft
statiofted in the bow of a warship
(opp. to 'aptrbyggjar').
framdrdttar-samr, a. putting one-
self forward.
fram-drdttr, m. (1) launching
(-drittr skips) ; (2) support, maifi-
tenafice ; -eggjan, f. egging on ; -fall,
n. {\) falling on one's face ; (2) down-
fall; (-fall drinnar) ; -farinn, pp. de-
parted; -fertS, f. {course of) procedure ;
-fertSi, n. (l) = -fer3; (2) conduct;
-flutning, f. (i) fuaifitenance, sup-
port; {2) pronunciatiofi; -flutningr,
m. (i)= -flutning (i): (2) pleading;
-fotr, m. fore-leg; -fuss, a. eager,
willing ; -foeri, n. furtherafice ;
-foerinn, a. putting oneself forward ;
-fosrsla, f. support, fnaifitenance.
framfoerslu-kerling, f. old pauper
woffiafi ; -matSr, xn. pauper.
fram-for, f. (i) advanciftg ; (2)
death ; -ganga, f. (l) advaftcing; (2)
boldness, courage ; -gangr, m. ( i ) ad-
vaftcing in battle; (2) success; (3) =
-ganga (2) ; -genginn, pp. departed,
deceased; -gengt, a. n. brought about,
successful; ver3a -gengt, to succeed;
-girnd, f., -girni, f forwardness;
-gjarn, a. striving forward, eager.
framgongu-matSr, m. valiant maft.
fram-heit, n. pi. fair promises for
the future; -hleypi, n.forwardfiess,
rashness; -hleypiligr,a.r<:^i•/^; -hlutr,
m. fore part ; -hus, n. porch, efitty ;
-hvass, a. forward, bold ; -hvot, f.
eftcourageffient.
frami, m. ( 1 ) boldness, courage ; (2)
luck ; freista sins frama, to try one's
luck; (3) distifiction, faffie (vinna sdr
frama) ; (4) profit (maela e-t 1 sinn
frama).
fraiQ-jdtan, f. profnise ; -kast, n.
forecast, empty words; -kirkja, f.
nave, opp. to 'songhiis', ^//(?/r, chan-
cel ; -krokar, m. pi. exertion ; leggja 1
-kroka, to exert oneself; -kvsema (-da.
FBAM-KV^MD
[148]
FREGWA
'^v)yV.to fulfil^ bring about \ -kvaemd,
f . fuljihnent, success, prowess.
framkvaemdar-lauss, a. tmavailmg,
useless ; -ley si, n. inaction ; -maSr,
m. ente7-prising man ; -mikill, -samr,
a. enterprisi7ig.
fram-kv8Bmr, a. ejgicacious.
fram-lag, n. outlay, contribution ;
-laga, f. advancing (with the ships in
battle); -lei^is, 2.&^. further ^ next \
-leitSsla, f. conduct (-leidsla hans
h'fdaga) ; -liSinn, pp. departed, de-
ceased ; -ligr, a. excellent : framhgr
ma3r, afne man ; -lundaSr, a. bold,
courageous; -liitr, a. (i) be?iding for-
ward; {2) prone (til e-s) ; -lyndr, a.
= -lundaSr.
frammi, adv. (i) out, away out;
t)eir Leifr sitja f. 1 husam, near the
outer door; standa f. fyrir e-m, to
sta7id before one's face ; (2) hafa e-t
f. or 1 f., to make tise of, einploy ; hafa
kugan i f . \\h e-n, to try to browbeat one.
fram-mynntr, a. with prominent
mouth (mjok eygSr ok f.).
framr (compar. fraraarri, fremri ;
superh framastr, fremstr), a. (i)
forwa7'-d, pro7ni7ient ; neut., framt, to
such an extent ; treysta framt i., to
put full trust in; compar. the fore-
7nost of two ; til hins fremra austr-
nims, to the fore pimipitig-r 00771 ; hit
fremra, the place nearest the door, the
road along the coast (foru sumir hit
f. til Seljalandsmula) ; (2) fig., fremri
e-m, superior to (ollum fremri) ;
superl. foremost, best (fremstr at allri
soemd) ; furthest back (hvat J)u fremst
um veizt).
fram-rds, f. course ; -reic5, f. riding
071 ; -reitir, m. pi. ^ the fore-beds^ (in
a garden) ; fig., hafa e-t a -reitum,
to display, 7ncike a show of; -saga, f.
delivery (-saga sakar) ; -snotSinn, a.
bald on the forehead; -sokn, {.further
prosecution of a case (-sokn sakar) ;
-stafn, m. ste7n, prow ; -syn, {.fore-
sight ; -syni, f. fore-sightedness ;
-syniligr, a. foreseeing ; -synn, a.
foreseeing, prophetic ; -scgn, f. state-
ment; -vegis, 2l^\. further, for the
future ; -visi, f. prophetic spirit ;
-viss, a. prophetic, foreseeing.
frautJ, n. froth (=fro3a).
fra, prep, with dat. (i)y>w« (gangs
f. logbergi) ; skamt f. dnni, a shon
distance fro77t the river; (2) away
fro77i (nokkut f. oSrum monnum) ; (3
of time, allt f. eldin;^u, all along from
daybreak ; dag f. degi, one day afte7
a7iother; (4) fro77i a7nong, beyond
gera sik auSkendan f. o3rum monn-
um, to fnake oneself co7ispicuous
(5) against; fr^ likindum, againsi
likelihood; (6) of, about; er mer sva
f. sagt konungi, / a77i told so aboui
the king; (7) as adv. <2way ; hverfa
f., to turn away ; til ok f., /<? and fro ;
hedan 1 f., hence, he7iceforth ; J)ar ut i
frd, secondly, next.
fra-baeriligr, -baerr, a. surpassing \
-drattr, m. di7ninutio7t ; -fall, n. (ij
falling off, receding (-fall sjofarins) ;
(2) decease, death ; -fert5, f. departure.
frag0rt5a-, gen. pi. from ' frdg0r3ir ' ;
-licS, n. choice troops ; -niac5r, m. re-
77iarkable 77ian ; -mikill, a. exceeding
great (fjoturr f.).
fra-gprtSir, f. pi. surpassing feats ;
var ftat at -g0r6um, it was extra-
ordi7iary ; -laga, f. ret7-eat (in a sea-
fight ; cf. leggja frd) ; -lauss, 2,. free,
clear (from a matter).
fra-leikr, m. swiftness, briskness.
fra-ligr, a. quick, swift.
fran-eygr, a. with flashing eyes.
frann, a. glea77iing, flashing (of ser-
pents and weapons).
frar (frari, frastr), a. swift, light-
footed (frar a foeti).
fra-saga, f. account, narrative.
frasagnar-vertSr, a. worth relating.
frd-skila, a. indecl. separated, iso-
lated (-skila e-m) ; -skilliga, adv.
out of the way, far off; -skilligr, a.
= -skila ; -skilnatSr, m. separation.
fra-scgn, f. (i) the act of relating;
(2) = fra-saga.
frdsogu-ligr, a. worth relating^
interesting.
fra-vera, -vist, f. absence.
fregn (pi. -ir), m. news, intelli*
gence, infort7tation.
fregna (fregn ; frd, frdgum ; freg*
inn), V. (i) to hear of, be infor7ned
of (l>rdndr frd andlat fo6ur sms) ; (2)
PREGNA
[149]
FRIDAR-G0RD
to ask {{. e-n e-s) ; f. e-n rdSs, to ask
one's advice.
fregna (-da or -at5), v. = prec.
freista (aS), v. (i) to tempt ^ make
trial of, with gen. ; (2) to try ; f. i-
prottar, to try a feat ; f. sin i moti
e-m, to try one's strength against
another ; with infin., f. at renna skei6,
to try to run a race.
freistan, freisting, f. temptation.
freistinn, a. daring, trying.
freistni, f. (l) temptation ; (2) trial.
freka, f. rigour, severity, harshness ;
med freku, harshly.
frek-efldr, pp. forcible.
freki, m. wolf (poet.).
frekja, f. = freka.
frek-liga, adv. harshly, immoder-
ately ; -ligr, a. harsh, severe.
freknottr, 2i.freckly.
frekr, a. ( i ) greedy (f. til fjdr), eager ;
(2) harsh f rigorous (frek log) ; nu
skal ek vera y6r f. harSsteinn, a rough
whetstone.
frelsa (-ta, -tr), v. (i) to free, de-
liver, rescue (f. landit af hernaSi) ;
(2) f. e-m e-t, to rescue {secure) a
thing for one (til at f. honum sina
f66urleif6) ; (3) refl., frelsast, to save
oneself, escape.
frels-borinn, pp.= frjdlsborinn.
frelsi, n. {\) freedom \ (2) leisure-,
{"h) privilege, immunity (f. kirkjunnar).
frelsingi (-ja, -jar), m. freedman.
frelsis-gj of, f. gift offreedojn (to a
bondsman).
fremd, {.furtherance, honour.
fremdar-fer$, f. glorious journey ;
-lauss, a. inglorious ; -verk, n.feat.
freuii, adv. only in the phrase, svd
f., so far ; esp., sva f. er, not until,
not before, only when ; seg pii svd f.
frd ^\\, er {)essi dagr er allr, wait till
this day is past before you speak of
that ; svd. f. ef, z« case that.
fremja (frem, framda, framicSr
and framdr), v. fi) to further, pro-
mote (f. kristni) ; f. sik, to disti?iguish
oneself', (2) to perform, practise ; f.
heiSni, to practise heathen worship ;
f. sund, to swim ; (3) refl., fremjast,
to gain distinction.
fremr, adv. compar., fremst, adv.
superl. more, most (= framarr, fram-
ast) ; Jjeir er fremst voru, those who
were foremost.
fremri, a. compar., fremstr, a.
superl., see ' framr'.
frer or frpr, n. frost, frosty soil', f.
var hart liti, // was hard frost ; esp.
pi, bi6a fr0ra, to wait for frost ;
-mdnatSr, m.frost-jnonth (December).
frerinn, ^Y^.froze^i (f. skor).
fress (pi. -ar), m. (i) tom-cat {eiga.ndi
fressa, Freyja) ; (2) bear.
frest, n. delay, respite ; d viku fresti,
at the end of a week ; also pi., pott
frestin vaeri long, although the delay
was long; Ijd e-m fresta, to give one
respite ; selja d f., to sell on credit.
fres'a (atS), v. to defer, put off, with
dat. (f. bru61aupi) ; absol. to tarry.
frestan, f. delayi?ig, delay.
freta (fret, frat, and at5j, v. to break
wind (freta vi3).
fret-karl, m. contemptible fellow.
fretr, m. fart ; reka fret, to break
wind.
fr6tt (pi. -ir), f. (i) news, intelli-
gence ; (2) enquiry about the future
(ganga til frettar vi5 e-n).
fr6tta (-tta, -ttr), v. {\) to hear, get
intelligefice; (2) to ask, enquire (f.
e-n e-s or at e-u) ; f. tidenda, to ask
for news ; f. e-n upp, to find one out ;
(3) refl. /<? get about, be reported (t)etta
frettist um herafiit) ; frettist alls ekki
til bans, nothing was heard of him ;
frettist mer sva til, I a?n told', frettust
peir tiSenda, they asked each other for
news ; frettast fyrir, to enquire.
fr^ttinn, a. eager for news, inquisi-
tive (um e-t, about a thing).
freytSa (dda, -tt), v. to froth.
freyja, f. lady ; the goddess Freyja»
freyr (gen. freys), m. (i) lord; (2)
the god Frev.
Freys-gotSi, m. priest of Frey.
friSa (atS), v. to pacify, restore to
peace (f. riki sitt) ; f. fyrir e-m, to
make peace for, intercede for one (vi3
e-n, with another) : refl., friSast vi5
e-n, to reconcile oneself to another.
fritSan, f. pacifying.
fr.tSar-bref, f. letter of peace ;
-fundr, m. peaceful meeting', -g0rtS,
PRIBAR-KOSS
[150]
prj6a
f. conclusion of peace ^ truce, treaty \
-koss, m. kiss of peace ; -mark, n.
token of peace ; -matSr, m. = fri3ma6r ;
-stefiia, f. peace meeting ; -takn, n.=
fri6ar-mark.
fri^-benda (-da, -dr), v. to fasten
the sword in the sheath with friSbond ;
-hotfi. peace-making] -brot, n. breach
of peace.
frits brots-maSr, m. peace-breaker.
fritS-bond, n. pi. "peace-bonds^
(straps wound round the sheath and
fastened to a ring in the hilt) ; spretta
-bondum, to undo the peace-straps
(before drawing the sword) ; -gjafi,
m. peace-7naker ; -gjarn, a. peaceful ;
-gaslur, f. pi. efiticements to peace
(bera -gaelur a e-n) ; -g0r5, f. = fri5ar-
g0r6 ; -heilagr, a. inviolate ; -helga
(at5), V. to make inviolate ; -helgr
(gen. -helgar), f. inviolability, protec-
tion by law.
fritSill, m. lover.
frit5-kastali, m. asylum ; -kaup, n.
purchase of peace.
fritSla or frilla, f. a man^s 7nistress
or concubine (friSlur attu peir broeSr).
fritS-land, n.frieftdly country, place
of retreat ; -lauss, a. outlawed, pro-
scribed ; -leysi, n. insecurity ; -liga,
adv. peacefully ; -ligr, a. peaceful,
peaceable.
fritSlu-, frillu-borinn, pp. bastard-
bor7i ; -lifnatSr, m., -lifi, n. fornica-
tion, who7'edom ; -matSr, m. adultei-er-,
-sonr, m. illegitijnate so7i ; -tak, n.
in the phrase, taka -taki, to take as
concubine.
fritJ-matSr, va. peaceful 7nan, friend ',
-mark, n. token of peace; -mal, n.
words of peace ; bera -mdl milli manna,
to act as pcace-7>iaker ; -mtaelast (t),
V. refl. to sue for peace (ekki mun nu
tja at friSmaelast).
fritSr (gen. fritSar), m. (i) peace,
personal security ; bidja e-n friOar, to
sue for peace ; (2) love, friendship \
f rid at kaupa, to purchase {thy) love.
fritS-samligr, a. peaceable ; -samr,
a. peaceful ; -semd, -semi, f. peace-
fulness; -slyoldr, m. truce-shield;
bregSa upp -skildi, to lift the shield
of truce ; -spilli, n. breach of peace ;
-staSr, m. sanctuary in a temple^
asylum ; -stefna, f. = friSarstefna ;
-stoll, m. chair of peace ; -seela, f,
bliss of peace ; -ssbII, a. blessed with
peace; ^ -vdn, f. prospect of peace;
-vasnligr, a., -Yssn.tiy3i. giving pro77iise
of peace.
Frigg (gen. -jar), f. the goddess
F7'iog (the wife of Odin).
frilla, f. frillu", see friflla, fri6iu-.
fria (atS), v. to deliver (f. e-n e-u) ;
refl.. friast, to free oneself.
fritSa (-dda, -ddr), v. to adorn.
fri(5endi, n. pi. good or fine things;
heita e-m fndendum, to make fair
Pro77iises.
friS-leikr, m. personal beauty.
fritSr (fritJ, fritt), a. (i) beautiful,
handso77ie (f. synum) ; {2) fine (fritt
li6, foruneyti) ; {-if) paid in kind ; tolf
hundrud fri3, twelve hundred head of
cattle i7ipay7nent; fjorir tigir marka
fri3s, forty 77iarks of silver paid in
cattle. Cf. ' ufriar.'
Frisir, m. pi. the Frisians.
friskr, a. Frisian.
Fris-land, n. Frisia, Friesland.
frja (-tSa, -tSr), v. to love; si f^r er
frjdr, he that woos wins.
lija-aptann, m. F7'iday evening.
frjadaga-fasta, f. Friday fast.
frja-dagr, m. Friday.
frjadags-aptann, m., -kveld, n.
Friday eve7ii7ig (cf. ' frja-aptann,
-kveld ') ; -nott, f. Friday night.
frja-kveld, n. (i) eve of Friday; (2)
F?i /ay evening.
frjdls, a. {i) fee, opp. to 'prasll'
(f. madr) ; (2) f'ee, unhindered (Idta
e-n fara frjdisan) ; eiga e-t at frjdlsu,
to possess freely, without restraint.
fqalsa (aS), v. to f-ee (=frelsa).
frjalsan, f. resctte, preservation.
frjdls-borinn, ^T^.f-ee-born ; -leikr,
m. liberty ; -lendingr, m. fra7ikli7i ;
-liga, 3.dv. freely ; -ligr, a. free, inde-
pende7it ; -mannligr, a. appropriate to
a free 77ian.
frjd-myrginn, m. Friday morning \
-nott, f . Friday 7iight.
frjo (dat. fijo and frjovi), n. = frae.
fitjoa or frjova (atS), v. to fertilize \
refl., frjovast, 77iultipiy, be fertile.
phj6-IiIgr
[151]
FR^ND-SEMI
fi^6-ligr, Ta. fruitful.
fijor (fijo, frjott), 2.. fertile.
fqosa (frys ; fraus, frusum ; fros-
inn ; also freri or fr0ri, frerinn or
frprinn), v. to freeze^ esp. impers.,
fraus urn hann klasQin (ace), Mi? clothes
froze on his body ; fraus inni skip (ace.)
Erlings, Erlitig's ships were frozen in ;
ve6r var kalt ok frjosanda, cold and
frosty ; fryss haf allt optliga d vetrum,
the whole sea often freezes in winter.
frjo-eamr, a. fertile ; -semd, f. fer^
tility. friiitfuhiess.
frot5a, i. froth (= frauS).
froskr (-s, -ar), m.frog.
frost, n. frost ; f. var veSrs, // was
frosty weather; in pL, frost mikil ok
kuldar, much frost and cold \ frost ok
snjoar, frost and snow.
frosta (atS), v. impers. to freeze^ —
frysta (hvert haust, er f. tok).
frosta- vetr, x^. frosty winter.
frost-viSri, n. frosty weather.
fro, f. relief {fro7n pain)y conifort.
froa (a(5), v. to relievey with ace.
froan, f. relief = fro.
fro^-getSjatSr, -hugatSr, a. wise-
minded, wise] -leikr, m. (i) know-
ledge, information ; (2) magic, witch-
craft ; -liga, adv. sensibly ; eigi -liga,
foolishly ; -ligr, a. sensible.
frotSr, a. knowi7ig, learned, well-
informed (hon var fr66 at morgu) ;
froSar boekr, instructive books.
froi, m. relief, «= fro.
fron, n. poet, land, country.
frum-burtSr, m. the first-born, first
child', -ferill, m. one making a first
visit', -forn, i. first-fruit; -getinn,
pp. first-born ; -getnatSr, -getningr,
m, «= -bur6r ; -gogn, n. pi. the main
proofs', -bending, f. the foremost
rhyming syllable in a line ; -hlaup,
n. personal assault ; -kveSi, m.
originator : -kvitSr, m. the first ver-
dict ; -smitS, f. first attejnpt (in any
art) ; -sok, f. original cause ; -tign,
f. the highest dignity ; -ungr, a. ve7y
young; -vaxta, a. indecl. i?t one's
prime ; -vattr, m. the first, 07'iginal
witness; -verr, n\. first husband.
fru (gen. fru, pi. frur), f. mistress,
lady ( = freyja).
frygtJ, f. blossomings excellence,
frysta (-ti, -t), v. to freeze.
fryja (fry, frytSa, fryt), v. (i) to-
defy, taunt (hon fry6i honum me6
morgum orSumj ; f. e-m hugar, to
challenge one's courage ; l)essi klaeSi
fryja ykkr foSur-hefnda, those clothes
challenge you to revenge your father ;
(2) f. d. e-t, to complain of; to egg
{goad) on.
fryja, f. taunt, reproach; verja sik
fryju, to clear oneself of reproach.
fryju-laust, adv. blamelessly, beyond
reproach ; -ortS, -yrtSi, n. taunt (leggja
-or6 d e-n).
fryn-ligr, a., frynn, a. -pleasant
{-looking)^ inviting (only with nega-
tive, cf. 'ufrynn').
free (dat. frasvi), n. seed (= frjo).
frsBgtS, {.fame, renown.
frcBgtSar-fullr, a. glorious; -for, f.
glorious journey ; -matSr, m. famous
man ; -mark, n. badge of glory ; -sam-
ligr, a. glorious ; -skot, n. famous
shot ; -verk, n.feat, exploit.
frasgi-ligr, a. creditable, honourable.
fraBgja (-tSa, -$r), v. to jnake famous.
fraegr, &. famous (f. konungr).
frse-korn, n. seed of corn.
freenda-afli, m. strength in kinsmen \
-balkr, m. body of kinsmen ; -gengi,
n. = frasndlid ; -gipta, {.family luck ;
-Idt, n. loss {death) of kiftsmen ; -rog,,
n. strife among kinsmen ; -skomm, f.
disgrace to on^s family; -styrkr, m.
strength [hacking) of kinsmen.
freend-balkr, m. = frasnda-bdikr ;
-gofugr, a. having distinguished kins-
men ; -hagi, m. native place ; -hoUr,
d., faithful to one's kinsmen.
fraendi (pi. frasndr), m. kinsman
(also used of a brother and a son) ;
ySrir fyrri fraendr. your ancestors.
fr8Bnd-kona, f . kinswoman ; -leif ^,
{.patrimony, inheritance (after a kins-
7nan) ; -lit5, n. host of kinsmen, family ;
-lingr, -macSr, m. = fraendi ; -margr,
a. having ?na?iy kinsmen ; -maer, f.
maiden kinswoinan ; -rikr, a. rich in
kifismen ; -roekinn, a. attached to
one's kinsmen ; -samliga, adv. kins-
manlike, kindly; -semi, f. rejation-
ship, kifiship ; ganga vi6 -semi e-s, to
FK^ND-SEMI
[152]
PUIiL-TIDA
acknowledge one as a kinsman ; var
%6h -semi meS peim, there was good
fellowship between them, they lived on
good terms as kiyismen.
frsBndsemis-spell, n. breach of kin-
ship, incest ; -tala, f. tracing of kin-
ship ; vera i -tolu vi6 e-n, to be of
kinship with one.
frsend-skartS, n. loss of a kinsinan ;
-storr, a. having great ki7ismen ;
-sveinn, m. young kinsjnan ; -sveit,
f. body of kinsinen ; -vig, n. slaying
of a kinsman.
frsBr, 2.. yielding fruit, = frjor.
fraBs, f. hissing (Jju gerdir f. mikla).
freeva (atS), v. to fertilize.
froeSa (-dd, -ddr), v. to teach.
froe^i, f. and n. {\) k7tozu ledge, learn-
ing, lore ; i sumum frceQum, in some
old records {poems) ; (2) charms, spells
(t)au kv^Qu J)ar froeSi sin, en J)at voru
galdrar).
froetSi-boekr, f. pi. books of know-
ledge ; -fysi, f. love of knowledge ;
-mat$r, m. learned man, scholar, hiS'
torian ; -nam, -nsBmi, n. acquisition
of knowledge, learning, studying.
froeki-liga, adv. valiantly.
froekinn, and froekn, a. valiant,
brave; froek-leikr and froekn-leikr,
m. valour, bravery, prowess.
frcekn-liga, adv. = froekiliga ; -ligr,
a. valiant-looking, brave.
fugl (-S, -ar), m. bird (for hann svd
hart sem f. flygi) ; hafa f. af landi, to
meet with land-birds, to be 7iear land.
fugla-drdp, n. bird-killing; -drit,
n. bird's dung; -kippa, f. bundle of
fowls; -\i^,n. flock of birds.
fuglari, vci. fowler, bird-catcher.
fugla-songr, m. singing of birds ;
-veiSr, f. bird-catching.
fugl-berg, n. fowling-cliff; -heill,
f. augury ; -veicSr, f. = fuglaveiSr ;
-ver, n. fowling-piace ; -l)ufa, f. k7ioll
on which birds sit.
full, n. the fill of a drinking-vessel,
a toast (66ins-full, etc).
full-, in zovsv^diS. fully, quite, amply ;
-bakatSr, pp. full-baked; -borSa, a.
indecl. with bulwarks of full height
(of a ship) ; -byli, n. full provisions
for a house ; -ferma (-da, -dr), v. to
load full; -froegr, a. full fa77ious\
-gamall, a. very old'. -goSr, a. quite
good; -g0ra (-tSa, -Sr), v. to fdfil,
co7nplete, perform ; -g0rla (-gprva),
adv. quite, fully; -gorr, pp. fully
dojie ; -hugi, m, dauntless tnan^ hero ;
-hyggja (see hyggja), v. to love dear-
ly; -ilia, adv. very badly; -keyptr,
pp. bought full dearly ; -kominn, pp.
perfect; -kominn at 2.\d\\,full grown ;
-komliga, adv. fully; -kosta, a.
indecl. fidl-matched {of 7nan and
wife) ; -kvsBni, a. well married ;
-launat$r,pp./zif//y rewarded; -leiksa,
a. indecl. quite enough to do (hafa
-leiksa) ; -liSa, a. indecl. having 7nen
{troops) enough ; -malinn, pp. fully
ground; -mikill, ?l. full great.
fullna (atS), v. to fulfil, finish.
fuUnatSr (gen. -ar), n\. fulfihnent;
hafa fullnaS or mdli, to obtain one's
full clai7n (in a suit).
fuU-numi, a. having learnt fully,
beco7ne an adept in a thing (-numi 1
goldrum) ; -noegja (-tSa, -t), v. to
be suflicient, to suflice \ -ortJiim, pp.
full-grown, of age.
fullr, a. {\)full {{. e-s or af e-u) ; f.
upp uMnbdiV, fiill of savageness ; f. eitri
(dat.), full of poison ; (2) full, C07n-
plete, entire ; full v\ss2i, Jfull certainty ;
soekja mdl til fullra laga, to the full
extent of the law ; halda til fulls vi6
e-n, to stand on one^sfull fight against
another ; hafa fullara hlut, to get the
better of it ; at fullu, til fulls, fully,
thoroughly.
full-ratSa, a. indecl. fully resolved ;
-r6tti, n. a gross insult for which full
atonefnent is due ; -ryninn, a. fully
wise; -raetSi, n. {\) full efficiency;
(2) full match ; -rostt, pp. n. enough
spoken of; -roskr, a. in full stre7igth ;
-sekta (at$), v. to make one a full out-
law ; -skri^a, a. indecl. at full speed ;
-spakr, a. full wise ; -steiktr, pp.
fully roasted; -seela, f. wealth, bliss ;
-sasla fj^r, great wealth ; -ssell, a.
blissful; -scBftSr, pp. quite dead;
-scemdr, '^'^. filly honoured ; -tekinn,
pp. -tekinn karl, a full chafnpion ;
-titSa, a. m^^oX. full-grown ; full-tida
2i\dr,full age.
FUIiLTINQ
[153]
PYLKITsra
fullting, n. help^ assistance.
fulltingja (-da, -drj, v. to lend help^
assist, with dat.
full-triii, m. one in whotn one puts
full confidence, patron [deity) ; -tyja
(-tytSa), V. = -tingja ; -vaxta, a. in-
<iitc\. full-grown) -vegit, ^^.n. having
slain enough ; -vel, adv. full well ;
-vir5i, x\. full price; -J)roskat5r, pp.
full-grown, grown to full strength ;
-l)urr, ?i. fully dry.
fundning, {.finding,
fundr (-ar, -ir), m. (i) finding, dis-
covery (fundr fjarins, f. Islands) ; (2)
meeting; fara, koma i. fund e-s, til
fundar vi6 e-n, to go to visit, or have
talk with, one ; {'i) fight, battle.
fund-viss, a. qtiick to find.
funi, m.fiame (f. kveikist af funa).
fur a, {.fir, fir-tree.
furtSa (-atS), v. {\) to wonder; (2) to
forebode, with dat.; illu mun i., ef, it
will bode ill, if
furtSa, f. {\) foreboding, omen ; g65s
(ills) f., good {bad) omen ; (2) strange
[wonderful) thing; ekki er J)etta nein
f., V/i- fiothing strange.
furcSu-, in compds., very, wonder-
fully; -djarfr, a. very i?isoient;
-heiEQBkr, a. very foolish ; -liga, adv.
very, exceedingly (-liga har, mikill,
vel) ; -ligr, a. wonderful, marvellous ;
-sterkr, a. very strong; -vel, adv.
wonderfully well.
furu-kvistr, xa.fir bough.
fussum, m\.tx].fie, with dat.
fustan, n. fustian (for. word).
fuinn, a. rotten, decayed.
fulga, i. fee paid for ali?nentation.
fulgu-fall, Xi. forfeit of the alimenta-
tion fee ; -f§, n., -f6naor, m. sheep or
cattle put out to fodder ; -matSr, m.
boarder, one boarded out.
full, a. [i) foul, stinking; fult egg,
a rotten egg; (2) ^<g.foul, 7nean.
ful-leitr, a. of foul appearance ;
-liga, adv. meanly ; -mannligr, a.
mean, paltry ; -mennska, f. paltri-
ness, baseness.
fulna (atS), v. to become stinking.
ful-yrSi, n. "^X. foul language.
funa (atS), v. to rot, decay.
furr (gen. furs), vsx.fire (poet).
fus-liga, adv. willingly.
fuss, a. willing, eager [i. e-s or til
e-s ; f. at fara, etc.) ; absol., f. {wil-
lingly) vil ek mina hamingju til leggja.
fygla (-da, -t), v. to catch fowl.
fyl (gen. pi. -ja), n.foal or filly.
fylgtS, f. (1) following, guidance;
(2) support, help, backing; (3) party,
followers ; body-guard (of kings and
princes) ; halda fylgS, to wait upoti
the king.
fylgSar-lauss, a. without atten-
dants, alone ; -matSr, m. follower,
attendant.
fylgi, n. following, support ; auka
sdr f., to win followers.
fylgi-kona, f. concubine, mistress,
fylginn, a. attached to (f. e-m).
fylgi-samr, a. = fylginn.
fylgja (-t$a, -t), v. (i) to accompany,
help, with dat. ; f. e-m at, f. e-s mdlum,
to side with one, take one's part ; (2)
to lead, guide one (y5r var fylgt i
kornhlo3u eina) ; (3) to pursue [{. fast
flottamonnum) ; (4) to follow, be about
one (konungr le't sveininn f. m63ur
sinni) ; (5) to follow, observe (f. e-s
rddum, f. hirSsiSum) ; (6) to belong or
pertain to (segl ok rei6i er fylgdu skip-
inu) ; (7) lata f., to add; J)at l^t hann
f., at, he added that ; (8) refl., fylgjast,
to follow one another; fig. to hold
together (hann bad sina menn f. vel,
hold well together).
fylgja, f. (i) guidance (beiSa e-n
fylgju) ; (2) female guardian spirit ;
attendant spirit in animal form (J)u
munt vera feigr maSr ok muntu hafa
set fylgju t)ina).
fylgjandi (pi. -jendr), va. follower.
fylgjari, m. = fylgjandi.
fylgju-engill, m. guardian angel;
-kona, f. (I) = fylgja (2) ; (2) = fylgi-
kona ; -lag, n. concubinage ; -samr,
a. = fylgisamr.
fylgsni, n. hiding-place,
fylja, i. filly.
fylki (gen. pi. fylkja), n. (i) district,
county, shire, in Norway (J)at er f.
kallat, er gora md. af tolf skip) ; (2)
battalion, host (in battle).
fylking (pi. -ar), f. (i) battle array ;
(2) host, legion.
FYIiKIlTGAK-ARMIl
[154]
rYRIR
fylkingar-armr, m. wing of an
army ; -broddr, m. vanguard of a
host (i ondverdum -broddi).
fylkir (gen. -is), m. chief, king.
fylkis-konungr, m. chief of a dis-
trict ; a petty king.
fylkja (-ta, -tr), v. to draw tip {in
battle array), with dat., or absol.
fylla (-da, -dr), v. (i) to fill (f. e-t
e-s or af e-u) ; (2) to complete, make
up (f. t>at, er i. skortir) ; (3) to fulfil',
(4) f. flokk e-s, to side with one; (5)
refl , fyllast ahyggju ok hraedslu (gen.),
to be filled with care and fear.
fylli, f. 07ie''s fill (gefa e-m f. sina
matar ok drykkjar).
fylli-liga, 3.^v. fully.
fylling, f. {i) filling; {p.) fulfilment.
fyl-merr, f. a mare with a foal.
fyrtSar, m. pi. 7nen, warriors (poet.).
fyrir, prep., I. with dat. (1) before, in
front of (ok vom fyrir honum borin
merkin) ; f. dyrum, before the door ;
(2) before one, in one's presence ; hon
nefndist f. J)eim Gunnhildr, she told
them that her name was G.; {"^ for;
hann Idt rySja f. J)eim buSina, he had
the booth cleared for them, for their
7'eceptio7i ; (4) before one, in one's
way ; fjorSr var6 f. J)eim, they cafne
to a fjord; sitja f. e-m, to lie in wait
for one; (5) naut. term, before, off;
^ogj^- f- bryggjum, to lie off the piers ;
f. Humru-mynni, off the Number ;
(6) before, at the head of over; vera
f. H(3i, to be over the troops ; vera f.
mdli, to lead the case ; sitja f. svorum,
to undertake the defence ; (7) of time,
<^S0\ f- l>rem nottum, three flights
ago ; f. stundu, a while ago ; f. longu,
long ago ; vera f. e-u, to forebode (of
a dream) ; (8) before, above, superior
to ; Halfdan svarti var f. J)eim broeS-
rum, H. was the fore7nost of the
brothers ; (9) denoting disadvantage,
har7n, suffering; t)u Icetr Egil vefja
oil mdl f. per, thou let test E. thwart
all thy affairs ; tok at eyQast f. henni
lausa-fe, her mo7tey began to fail;
(10) denoting obstacle, hindrance ;
mikit g0ri J)er mer f. J)essu ma\\, yozi
make this case hard for 77ie ; var6
honum litit f. ]5vi, // was a S77iall
matter for him ; Asgrimi l)6tti Jjungt
fyrir, A. thought that things looked
bad; (11) because of, for; hon undi
sdr hvergi f. verkjum, she had no rest
for paitis ; f. hrasSsIu, for fear ; ilia
foert f . isum, scarcely passable for ice ;
ga6u t)eir eigi f. veiSum at fa heyjanna,
because of fishi7ig they neglected to
i7iake hay ; f. J)vi at, because, since,
as; ( 1 2 1 against ; gset pin vel f . kon-
ungi ok hans monnum, guard thee
well against the king and his 77ien ;
beiSa griSa Baldri f. alls konar haska,
agai7ist all ki7ids of harm ; (13) f. ser,
of oneself; mikill f. ser, strong, power-
ful ; minnstr f. ser, smallest, weakest ;
(14) denoting 77ianner or quality,
with ; hvitr f. hasrum, white with
hoa7y hair; II. with ace. (i) before,
in front of; halda f. augu ser, to hold
{one's hands) before one's eyes ; (2)
before, into the presence of; stefna
e-m f. domstol, before a court ; (3)
over; hlaupa f. bjorg, to leap over a
precipice; kasta f. bor6, to throw
overboard; (4) in one^s way, crossing
one^s way ; rida d lei6 f. pa, to ride
in their way, so as to 77ieet the7n ; (5)
round, off; sigla f. nes, to weather a
point; (6) along, all along; f. endi-
langan Noreg, all along Norway, from
one end to the other ; draga or f. odd,
to draw the arrow past the point;
(7) of ti77ie, f. dag, before day; f. e-s
minni, before 07ie's 77ie77tory ; (8) for,
071 behalf of ; vil ek bj66a at fara f.
pik, / will offer to go for thee, in thy
stead ; 16_;vorn f. mdl, a lawful defence
for a case ; (9) for, for the be7iefit of;
peir skdru f. pa melinn, they cut the
ly7ne-grass for them (the horses) ; (10)
for, instead of, in place of, as; (11)
for, because ^(vilja Gunnar dauSan f.
hoggit) ; {."^ivi oxb,f or thy words [inter-
cessio7i) ; f. sina vinsseld, by reason of
his popularity ; (12) denoting vahie,
price; f. ^x']i.x v^^xVx, for three 77iarks ;
f. hvern mun, by all mea7is, at a7iy
cost ; (13) in spite of, against (giptast
f. ra6 e-s) ; (14) joined with adverbs
ending in -an, governing ace. (f. au-
stan, vestan, sunnan, nordan, utan,
innan, framan, handan, ofan, neSan) :
PYRIK-BANNA
[155]
FYRH
f. austan, sunnan fjall, east^ south
of the fell ; f. neSan bru, belo7V the
bridge ; f. handan ^, beyond the river ;
f. innan gard, inside the fe?tce ; III. as
adverb or ellipt. (i) ahead, before,
opp. to ' eptir ' ; p^ var eigi bins verra
eptir van, er slikt for f., when this
came first, preceded \ {2) first; mun
ek far eptir gera sem \)tr gerit f., /
shall do to you according as you do
first ; (3) at hand, present, to the fore ;
fong {)au, er f. voru, stores that were
at hand) J)ar var f. fjoldi boSsmanna,
a host of guests was already present
(before the bride and bridegroom
came) ; (4) e-m verdr e-t f., one takes
a certain step, acts so and so ; Kolbeini
vard ekki f,, K, was at a loss what to
do ; e-t mselist vel (ilia) f., a thing is
well {ill) spoken or reported of (kv^b'xi
maeltist vel f.).
fyrir-banna (aS), v. to forbid^ deny
(e-m e-t) ; -bending, f . foreboding ;
-bjotJa (see bjocSa), v. to forbid', -bo?5a
(a$), V. to forebode ', -botSan, f. fore-
boding', -botSning, f. forbidding',
-bon, f. imprecation ; -burtSr, m. ap-
peat-ance, vision ; -biia (see bua), v.
to prepare ; -bunatSr, -buningr, m.
preparation ; -doema (-da, -dr), v. to
condejnn ; -fara (see fara), v. to de-
stroy ; -fari, m. foi-eboding ; -folk,
n. great folk, persons of distinction ;
-furSa, f. = -fari ; -ganga, f, walking
ahead, leading', -gefa (see gefa), v.
to forgive ; -gefhing, f. forgiveness ;
-g0ra (-tSa, -6r), v. to forfeit (-g0ra
e-u) ; -heit, r\. p7'omise ', -huga (atS),
v. to intend for (e-m e-t) ; -hugsa
(aS), V. to pretneditate', -hyggja, f.
forethought, care ; -koma (see koma),
V. (i) to destroy, with dat. ; (2) avert,
i)revent', -kona, f. woman of dis-
tinction ; -konungr, m. distinguished
king; -kunna (see kunna), v. to
blame onefor{-k\innd. e-n e-s) ; -kvetSa
(see kve^a), v. to refuse (e-m e-t) ;
-lat, n. forgiveness-, -lata (see lata),
V. (l) to let go, give up', (2) to for-
give (e-m e-t) ; (3) to give way ; -latr,
a. not exacting, yielding', -latsam,r,
a., ekki -latsamr, stubborn ; -leggja
(see leggja), v. to lay aside, forsake ;
refl., -leggjast um e-t, to give it up',
-leitinn, a. circumspect', -leitni, f.
circumspection ; -litligr, a. co7i-
te7nptible', -lita (see lita), v. to de-
spise ; -Ijuga ' see Ijiiga), v. (i) to for-
swear by /zVj(-ljuga tru sinni); (2 with
ace. to slander', -mat5r, m. {\) fore-
man, chief; (2) one who excels others;
(3 ) predecessor ; -mannligr, a. distin-
guished-looking ; -muna ( see muna ),
V. to grudge one a thing (e-m e-tj ;
-mfiBla (-ta, -tr), v. (i) to injure one
by one's words (-masia e-m) ; (2) to
curse; -nem.a (seenenia),v. (i)-nema
e-m mal, to deprive o?ie of speech,
make one silent ; (2) refl., -nemast e-t,
to forbear ; -rasari, -rennari, vn. fore-
runner ; -rum, n. the ' room ' in a ship
of war before the ' lypting ', the ?niddie
''room* of a boat.
fyrirrums-raatSr, m. one stationed
iti the fyrirrum.
fyrir-sat, f., -sdtr, n. ambush ; -segja
(see segja), v. to foretell; -setning,
f. preposition ; -sjon, f. laughing-
stock ; -skyrta,f. ^ fore-shirt\ apron ;
-spa, f. prophecy; -sveija (see sver-
ja), V. to forswear, renounce by oath ;
-sogn, f. dictation, instruction ; -taka
(see taka), \. {i) to deny, refuse; (2)
to forbid; -tolur, f. pi. persuasion;
-vari, m. precautio?t ; -vega (see
vega), V. to forfeit by manslaughter;
-vertSa (see verc5a), v. to collapse,
vanish ; -verfia sik, to be destroyed;
refl., -verdast, to perish, collapse;
-vinnast (see vinna), v. refl., lata
-vinnast, to be idle, forbear (doing a
thing) ; -vist, f. leading, manage?nent;
-aetlan, f. design, purpose.
fymast (d), v. refl. {i) to get old,
decay ; (2) to be forgotten (bans nafn
rnun aldri f.) ; henni fyrndist aldri fall
Olafs konungs, she never forgot king
Olafs death.
fyrnd, f. (i) age, antiquity ; 1 fyrnd-
inni, in ti7nes of yore ; (2) decay,
dilapidation (f. kirkjunnar).
fyrnska, f. (i) age ; slitinn af fymsku,
worn with age ; (2) witchcraft ; vita
fymsku, to be skilled in witchcraft.
fymsku-hattr, m. old fashion.
fyrr, adv. (i) befote, sooner ; J)vi betr
FYRRI
[156]
PCERI-LIGB
I)ykki m6r er ver skiljum f., t^e sooner
we part the better ; sv^ sem f. sogdum
ver, as we said before ; f. en, before
(conj.), sooner than ; (2) rather.
fyrri, a. compar. former \ fyrstr,
a. superl. the first, foremost \ hinn
fyrra hlut vetrar, in the early part of
the winter \ hit fyrra sumar, the sum-
mer before last', ydrir fyrri frsendr,
your ancestors ; ver6a fyrri til e-s, at
e-u, to be the first to do a thing', eigi
fellr tre ^i5 hit fyrsta hogg, a tree
does not fall at the first blow.
fyrri, adv. ( = fyrr) before, sooner,
rather (fyrri skal ek deyja, en).
fyrr-meirr, 2l^-v. formerly^ informer
times, previously.
fyrrum, 2i^\. formerly, before.
fyrst, adv. superl. ( i ) first ; gekk
Hrutr fyrst [foremost) okkvaddi kon-
unginn : sem f., as soon as possible ;
f. i staS, directly, at once', (2) conj.
(rare) as^ since.
fyrsta, f., 1 fyrstunni, 1 fyrstu, iii the
beginning, at first.
fyla, f. {\) foulness, stink', (2) dirty
fellow (= mannfyla).
fysa (-ta, -tr), v. to urge (f. e-n e-s) ;
impers., mik fysir, / a7)i eager, desire
strongly (mik fysir til Islands, heim) ;
refl., fysast, to desire, feel desirous or
eager', also ellipt. (hann kvaQst eigi f.
til Islands at sva bunu).
fysi, f. wish, desire (= fysn, fyst).
fysi-liga, adv. willingly, desirably ;
-ligr, a. desirable, attractive.
fysn, fyst, f. = fysi ; e-m er fyst i.
at gera e-t, one is desirous of doing
{or eager to do) a thing.
festS, f. {i) fewness, scantiness', (2)
coldness {in intercourse) ; f. er meS
J)eim, they are on i?tdifierent terms ;
laka f., to become melancholy.
fsBgja (-tSa, -tSr), v. (i) to polish ; (2)
to cleafise (f. sdrj.
faBkka (at$), v. (i) to make few, re-
duce in number', (2) refl., faekkast, to
grow cold, unfriendly (heldr tok at f.
me6 t)eim).
feBla (-da, -dr), v. to frighten, scare
(f. e-n braut) ; refl., faelast e-t, to be
frightened at; hestar faeldust, the
horses shied.
fsBling, {.frightening.
faelinn, a. shy, ti7nid.
fasr, f. sheep.
Fasr-eyingar, m. pi. the Faroe Islan'
ders ; -eyjar, f. pi. the Faroe Islands.
faBr-eyskr, a. Faroese.
faeta, v. to have to do with (f. um e-t).
faBtka, fsBtta (atS), v. = faskka.
foetSa (-dda, -ddr), v. (i) to feed,
give food to', {2) to rear, bring up
( = f. upp) ; (3) to give birth to (fceddi
Bergljot sveinbarn) ; (4) refl., fcedast,
to feed, live on a thing (f. viQ e-t);
to be born ; to be brought up ( = f. upp).
foetSa, f., foetSi, n.food (= foezla).
foetSing, f. birth, delivery.
fcetSingi (pi. -jar), m. native', vera
f. i e-u landi, to be born in a country.
foera (-cSa, -$r), v. {\)to bring, convey
(f. f^ til skips); (2) to bring, present
(f. e-m e-t) ; f. e-m hofuQ sitt, to sur-
render to one ; f. e-m kvasSi, to deliver
a poem ; (3) to remove (f. kirkju, f. bu
sitt) ; (4) with preps., f. e-t at e-m, to
inflict o?i one ; f. skomm at e-m, to
sneer at one ; refl., foerast at, to bestir
oneself', mega ekki at foerast, to be
unable to do anythi7ig', f. d e-n, to
mock one ; refl., foerast a foetr, to grow
uP', f. e-n fram, to maintain, feed', i.
e-t 1 hljodmaeli, to hush up ; f. e-n i
kaf, to plunge one uftder wafer ; f. sik
i aett, to vijidicate one's kinship (by a
gallant deed) ; f. e-n ni6r = f. e-n i kaf;
f. korn (sa6) ni6r, to put dow7i corn
{seed), to sow ; f. e-t sundr, to split
asunder', f. e-n til kristni, to convert
to Christianity ; f. til retts mdls, to
turn into prose ; refl., foerast undan
e-u, to quit {release) oneself of ', f. upp,
to put up (f. upp vef ) ; to lift up (f. upp
0xina); to take out (f. upp mat or
katli) ; f. lit budarveggi, to enlarge the
walls of a booth.
foertS, f. condition of the roads.
foeri, n. (i) opportunity ; komast i f.
vid e-n, to get a chance to attack one ;
vera i foerum til e-s or um e-t, to be
able to do a thing', (2) what one is
able to ^^(ekki astla ek petta mitt f.);
(3 ) fishing-line.
foeri-ligr, a. (l) practicable, easy;
(2) -ligr hestr, a strong horse.
FCER-LEIKR
[157]
GAQN
fcer-leikr, m. ability, strefigth.
foerr, a. {i) able togoivoru {)eir allra
manna bezt foerir baeSi d fceti ok a
skiSum) ; (2) capable of being passed,
passable, safe (PctlandsfjorQr var eigi
f.); foert ve3r, weather Jit for t^-avei-
ling\ skip iccrt, fit for use, seaworthy,
(3 ) f . t i 1 e- s , capable of, able to do a thing.
fcEzla, {.food, = fceSa.
fotJur-arfr, m. inheritance after a
father ; -bani, m. slayer of another' s
father ; -betrun gr, m. one better than
his father', -brotJir, vaf ather' s brother,
uncle \ -bcetr, f. pi. weregild for a
father \ -frsendi, m. kinsman on the
father's side ; -gart5r, m. a father s
house ; -gjold, n. pi. weregild for one' s
father ; -hefndir, f . pi. reve7ige for
one's father', -kyn, n. father s kin',
skozkr at -kyni, 07i the father's side ;
-leif, -leif t5, f. patrimony ; -ligr, a.
fatherly ; -motSir, f. father's mother,
grandJN other; -tun, n.= -garQr ; -aett,
f. kinsfolk on the father's side.
fol, f. thin coveriitg of snow.
fol-leitr, a. pale-looking', -litatSr,
pp. pale-coloured.
folna (at$j, v. to grow pale (folnaSi
ok hiseddist) ; to wither (gras folnar) ;
kirkja fyrnd ok folnu6, decayed.
folnan, f . withering, fadijig away.
folr (ace. -van), a. pale ; f. sem aska
(gras, ndr), pale as ashes {grass, a
corpse).
folskatSr), a. covered with folski.
folski, m. 7uhite ashes.
fonn (gen. fannar ; pi. fannir), f.
(i) snow (hvitr sem f. nyfallin); (2)
snow-wreath.
for (gen. farar ; pi. farar and farir),
f. (i) journey, vera 1 f. me3 e-m, to
be in company with o?te ; vera i forum,
to be on trading voyages ; eiga skip 1
forum, to own a trading ship ; (2)
attack, assault (= atforj ; (3) fate
(munt pu hafa farar Hakonar jarls) ;
ver munum fara eina for allir, it will
go with us all in the satne way ; (4)
vera i. foru (forum), to be on the wane
(lausafe bans var heldr i. forum).
forlast (atS), v. refl. to fall into
decay ; impers., e-m forlast, one grows
weak (from age).
fornutSr, m. = farnaSr.
foru-kona, f. vagrant woman.
fdru'l, a. rambli7ig, strolling about.
f6ru-mat5r, m. vagrant, beggar',
-mannligr, a. beggarly, -nautr, m.
fellow-traveller, companion ; -neyti,
n. (i) company, (2) retinue, -piltr,
m. vagrant lad, beggar.
fostu-dagr, m. {i) fist-day ; (2) Fri-
day {= frjddagr) ; -dagrinn langi, Good
Friday ; -inngangr, m. beginning of
Lent, Shrove-tide ; -kveld, n. Friday
evening; -titS, f., -timi, vi\. fast-time.
foxottr, a. having a mane different
i?i colour from the body (f. hestr).
G
gabb, n. mocking, mockery.
gabba (atS), v. to mock, make game
of one (g. e-n).
gadda (atS), v. to gore, spike.
gadda-kylfa, f. club with spikes.
gaddan, n. a kind of headgear {xdsz).
gadd-hjalt, n. a sword-gua^'d end-
ing in sharp points.
gaddr (-s, -ar), m. (i) goad, spike;
fig., var mjok 1 gadda slegit, at, it was
all but settled that ; (2) hard snow,
gafl, m. gable, gable-end.
gaJlak, n. ' gavelock' , javelin, dart.
gafl-hlat5, n. gable-end (= -veggr).
gaflok, n. = gaflak.
gafl-stokkr, vi\. gable-beam \ -veggr,
m. gable-wall = -hla6.
gagarr, m. dog (rare).
gag-hals, a. with the neck thrown
back (hirtir gaghalsir).
gagl, n. small goose, gosling; bird;
-bjartr, a. b7'ight as a goose ; -vitSr,
m. '■bird-wood'.
gagn, n. ( i ) advantage, use ; verSa
e-m at gagni, to be of use to one ; er
eigi mun vera g. 1, that will be of no
use ; (2) produce, revenue, esp. of
land ; (3) domestic utensils ; (4) lug-
GAGNA
[158]
GAMANS-PUNDB
^<^ge ; (5) victory ; hafa (f^) g., to have
i^gain) the victory; (6) ^\.g6gn, proofs,
evidence.
gagna (at$), v. to be of use to one
(g. e-m) or for sofnething ; refl., gagn-
ast, to avails be of use.
gagn-autSigr, a. very productive (of
land) ; well stored (bu -auSigt).
gagn-dagar, see ' gangdagar'.
gagn-dyrt, a. n. with doors opposite
one another.
gagn-foeriligr, -fcerr, a. penetrable,
penetrating.
gagn-gort, a. n., only in the phrase,
d -gort, straight.
gagn-hollr, a. mutually kind.
gagn-hrsBddr, a. much frightened.
gagn-kvoS, f. counter'summons .
gagn-laus3, a. useless, of no use
(hann var g. flestum monnum).
gagn-leiS, -leitJi, n. short cut.
gagn-mfiBli, n. gainsaying.
gagn-ortSr, a. speaking to the point,
hitting the mark.
gagn-samligr, a. useful, prof table ;
-sarar, a. beneficent, kind, hospitable
(-samr vi6 menn) ; -semd, f. hos-
pitality, readiness to help.
gagn-s6nn, pp. = -sser.
gagn-skorinn, pp. (i) cut through ;
(2) carved all over.
gagna-ma^r, m. useful (beneficent)
man ; -munir, m. pi. useful things ;
veita e-m -muni, to help one.
gagn-statSa, f. resistance ; -statSligr,
a. contrary, opposed to (e-u).
gagn-stigr, m. short cut.
gagn-stoetSligr, a. = -staSligr.
gagrnstocSu-fiokkr, m. adverse party;
-matSr, m. adversary, opponent.
gagn-ssBr, a. t7'anspare7it (glerit er
gagn-Scett).
gagn-sok, f. counter-action, counter-
charge.
gagn-tak, n. saddle-strap.
gagn-vart, prep, with dat. and adv.,
over against (sitja -vart e-m).
gagn-vegr, m. short cut, = -lei3.
gagn-vert, prep, with dat. and adv.
over against, opposite (to).
gagn-vaenligr, a. profitable.
gala (gel ; gol, golum ; galinn), v.
{i) to crow (of a cock), cryy screa?n ; I
(2) to sing, chant ; g. galdra yfir e-m,
to chant magic songs over one ; afl
gol hann Asum, he chanted strength
into the ^sir.
gal, n. screaming, howling.
galdr (gen. -rs, pi. -rar), m. (i)
magic song, charm (gala, kve6a galdra
yfir e-m) ; (2) pi. witchcraft, sorcery
(galdrar ok gorningar).
galdra-bok, n. book of magic ; -fullr,
a. full of sorcery, -hritS, f. 7nagic
storm ; -kind, f . foul witch ; -kona,
f. witch, sorceress ; -list, f. magic art ;
-lasti, n. pi. magical 7nu7nmeries ;
-matSr, m. wizard ; -raumr, m. great
sorce7'er ; -smitSr, m. so7'cerer.
galdr-ligr, a. 7nagical.
galeitS (pi. galeitSr and galei?5ir\
f. galley.
galinn, pp. (i) enchanted; (2) mad,
frantic (foru galnir sem hundar).
gall, n. gall, bile ; sour drink.
galla-lauss, 2i. faultless.
gall-beiskr, a. bitter as gall; -bland-
inn, pp. 77iixed with gall.
gall-hartSr, a. hard as stone,
galli, m. defect, fault, flaw.
galti, m. boar, hog ( = goltr).
gamall (gomul, gamalt), a. (i)
old; i. gamals aldri, in his old age;
opt er gctt |)at er gamlir kve6a, old
771671^5 sayings are often good; (2)
old, aged, ofi a certain age ; hve g.
maSr ertu, how old art thou f tolf
vetra (gen.) g., twelve years old.
gamal-ligr, a. elde7'ly ; -menni, n.
old 77ian ; -orar, m. pi. dotage f7'077i
old age ; -oerr, a. i7i dotage.
gaman (dat. gamni), n. ga7ne, sport,
pleasure, a77iuse77ient ; mer l3ykkir g.
at e-u, / a7n a77iused by it; henda
(sdr) g. at e-u, to 77iake ga7ne oj ; jotni
at gamni, to the delight of the giant;
taka undir i gamni, to respond in
jest; hafa e-t til gamans, to a77tuse
oneself w th.
gaman-leikr, m. ga7ne, amuse-
77ie7it ; -mal, n. 77ierry talk, joking ;
-runar, f. pi. joyful conve7'sation ;
-roetSa, f. = -mdl ; -samligr, a. a77tus-
i7ig; -sa.iir, a. 77ier7y, jocose.
garaans-fert$, f. pleasure trip ;
-fundr, m. 7nerry-7naking,
GAMAN-vfsA
[159]
QANQA
gaman-visa, f. a hufnorons verse ;
-yrtJi, n. ^^X. jesting talk.
gamban-reitSi, f. great wrath ;
-sumbl, n. great banquet] -teinn,
m. a kind of magic staff.
gambr (gen. -rs), m. a kind of bird.
gambra (atS), v. to brag, bUister.
gamlatSr, pp. stricken in years.
gammi, m. hut of a Finn.
garamr (-s, -ar), m. vulture.
gamna (atS), v. to divert, a^nuse (g.
e-m med sogum).
gan, n. frenzy, frantic gestures.
gana (-da), v. (i) to gape, show a
fissure ; g. d e-t, to gape for or after
(g. a ran) ; (2) to rush (g. at e-m) ;
(3) to gaze, stare.
gandr (-3, -an, m. magic staff;
renna gondum, to ride a witch-ride.
gand-reitS, f. witch-ride.
ganga (geng ; gekk, gengum ;
genginn), v. (l) to walk (reid jarl,
en Karkr gekk) ; (2) to go ; g. heim,
to go home ; g. braut, to go away ;
g. til hvilu, to go to bed; g. d skip,
to go on board; g. af skipi, to go
ashore ; with infin., g. sofa or at sofa,
to go to sleep ; g. at eiga konu, to
marry a woman ; ($) to go about graz-
ing, to graze (kdlfrinn gekk 1 tuni um
sumarit) ; (4) of a ship, to run, sail
(gekk skipit brdtt ut a haf ) ; (5) to
stretch out, exte?td, project (nes mikit
gekk i sae ut) ; (6) of report, tales, to
be curre7it (litlar sogur megu g. af
hesti minum) ; (7) to prevail; gekk
J)a3an af 1 Englandi Valska, thereafter
the French tongue prevailed in E. ;
(8) of money, to be current (peningar
J)eir, sem nu ganga) ; of laws, to be
valid (t)au log, er gengu d. Uppsala-
|)ingi) ; of sickness, plague, famine,
to rage (J)a gekk land-farsott, drepsott,
hallasri) ; (9) to go 07i, last (gnustu ])a
saman vdpnin, ok gekk J)at um hri5) ;
impers., gekk ]Dvi lengi, so it went on
for a long while; (10) Idta g. e-t, to
let go on ; lata hoggin g., to raiii
blows ; Birkibeinar letu g. luSrana,
blew the trumpets vigorously ; (11)
to succeed; ef l)at gengr eigi, if that
will not do ; impers., sva J)ykt, at
peim gekk J)ar eigi at fara, so close.
that they could not ^0 on there ; J)eim
gekk ekki fyrir nesit, they cotild not
clear the tiess; (12) to turn out. go
in a specified way; g. andasris, logo
all wrong ; mart gengr verr en varir,
ma?iy a thing goes worse than is
looked for ; gekk f)eim litt atsoknin,
they made little prog}-ess with the
attack; impers., e-m gengr vel (ilia),
one faj-es [goes on, gets on) well
[badly) ; (13) with ace, g. e-n i. bak,
to force one to go backwards [ liann
gengr bjorninn d bak) ; (14) with dat.,
to discharge (gekk hann J)d bl65i) ;
(15) with preps, and adverbs ; g. af
e-u, to depart from, leave i pd gekk af
honum moSrinn) ; g. af vitinu, to
go out of one'' s tuits; g. af tru sinni,
to apostatize; to pass (siQan gengu af
pdskarnir) ; to go off (gekk t^egar af
hofuSit) ; to be left as surplus (|)at er
af skuldinni gekk) ; nu gengr honum
hey af, now he has some hay left ; g.
af ser, to go to extremities, to go
beyond oneself [m]6k ganga Jjeir fost-
brceSr nu at se;); g. aptr, to revert
[return) to the former proprietor
(si3an gengu Jjau lond aptr undir
A ma) ; to be void, annulled (J)d skal
kaup aptr g.) ; of a ghost, to walk
again ; of a door, to close, shut (gekk
eigi aptr hurSin) ; g. at e-m, to attack
one ; g. at e-u, to agree to, accept a
choice or offer (Flosi gekk fljott at
J)essu ollu) ; to jit (skaltu fd mer lukla
jDa, sem ganga at kistum ySrum) ; g.
d e-t, to e?tcroach upon (g. d riki
e-s) ; to break (g. d ord sin, ei6a. griS,
s^ttir, tryg6ir) ; to pierce, penetrate ;
hann var 1 panzara, er ekki gekk d,
that was proof against ajiv weapofts ;
g. a vald e-s or e-m, g. a hond (hendr)
e-m, to stibmit to, give 07ieself up to,
surrender to one ; g. d bak e-u, to
contravene; g. eptir e-u, to go for, go
to fetch (gongum heim eptir ver6inu) ;
to pursue, claim ; g. eptir, to prove
true, be fuljil led [\>&ii2i gekk allt eptir,
sem M. sag6i fyrir) ; g. frd e-u, to
part with, lose (sumir munu g. frd
ollu fenu) ; g. fram, to step forward ;
g. fram vel, to go forward bravely, in
a battle ; to come to pass, come into
GANGA
[160]
GANQB
execution (skal J)ess bi6a, er J)etta
gengr fram) ; to increase {i€ Hall-
gerSar gekk fram ok gorSist allmikit) ;
to depart this life (H. bondi gengr
fram til frccnda sinna) ; g. fyrir e-n,
to present oneself before one (g. fyrir
konung) ; g. fyrir e-u, to take charge
of, jnanage (var Jjar mart folk, en
husbondi gekk svd fyrir, at ekkert
skorti) ; to yield to, be swayed by
(hann gekk l)d fyrir fortolum hennar) ;
g. i gegn e-m, to set oneself against
one ; g, i gegn e-u, to confess^ acknow-
ledge ; maSr gengr i gegn, at d. braut
kvedst tekit hafa, the man confessed
and said that he had taken it away ;
g. 1 md.1, to undertake a case ; g. me6
e-m (of a woman ', to marry ; g. med
barni, to be with child; g. me6 bur6i
(of animals), to be with young \ g.
me3 e-u, to assist i?i, plead (g. me3
mdii, bonorSi) ; g. milli (d m., i m.),
to go between, intercede ; g. moti
(d m., i m.) e-m, to go to meet one ;
g. moti e-u, to resist, oppose ; to co?i-
fess, = g. i gegn, g. vi3 e-u ; g. nasr
e-m, to be troublesome to one (J)6tti
hon cerit nser g. f>orger6i) ; g. e-m
nasr, to approach, come near to one
(sd hefir d brott komizt, er nsest gekk
Gunnari um alia hluti) ; g. saman, to
marry ; of an agreement, bargain,
to be brought about ; saman gekk
kaupit med J)eim, they came to a bar-
gain ; g. sundr (i s.), to go asunder,
part', g. til, to go up to a thing
(gangit til ok hyggit at) ; of the wind,
to veer (veSrit gekk til utsuSrs) ; e-m
gengr e-t til e-s, one has sof?te reaso?t
for doing a thing ; en J)at gekk mer
til I)ess {that was niy reason), at ek
ann J)er eigi ; hversu hefir ykkr til
gengit, how have you fared ? Loka
gekk litt til, it fared ill with L. ; g.
um e-t, to go about a thing ; g. um
beina, to wait upon guests ; g. um
saettir, to go between, as peaceinaker ;
g. um e-n, to befall, happen to one
(t^ess, er um margan gengr guma) ; of
the wind, to go round, veer (gekk um
ve6rit ok styrmdi at t^eim) ; to manage
(fekk hon svd um gengit, at) ; g. undan,
*o escape to absent oneself; g. undir
e-t, to take upon oneself, undertake
[a duty) ; g. undir e-n, to subject one-
self to; g. upp, to be wasted (of
money) ; to get loose, to be torn loose
(peir glimdu svd at upp gengu stokkar
allir a husinu) ; of a storm, gale, to get
up, rise (ve6r gekk upp) ; of an ice-
bound river, ain var gengin upp,
swollen with ice ; g. vi6 staf, to walk
with a stick ; g. vi6 e-u or e-t, to
avow ; g. yfir e-t, to go beyond, dis-
regard (hann vildi eigi g. yfir ^at, er
hann vissi rdttast) ; g. yfir e-n, to
overcome, to befall, happen to one ;
slikt sem yfir hefir gengit, all that
has happened ; eitt skal yfir okkr g.,
we shall share one fate \ (i6) refl.,
gangast, to be altered, to change, of
tradition (g. 1 munni) ; lata e-t g., to
waive, give up ; e-m gengst hugr vi3,
is jnoved to compassion by something
(pd. gekst f^orgerdi hugr vi3 harma-
tolur bans) ; gangast at, to engage in
a fight (t)eir gengust at lengi) ; g. d,
to be set off against one another (d
gengust vigin huskarlanna) ; to dash
against o?ie another ; a gengust eiSar,
the oaths were broken ; g. nser, to
come to close quarters ; g. vid, to
gain strength : d6r en vi6 gengist
bans baen, before his prayer should
be fulfilled ', E. haf6i mikit vi6 geng-
izt um menntir, E. had much im-
proved himself in good breeding.
ganga, f. (i) walking (hann mcedd-
ist i gongu) ; vera i gongu, to be on
foot, to walk; (2) course (g. tungls,
vinds).
gangandi, m. wayfarer.
gangdaga-vika, f. Rogation week ;
-{)ing, n. an assembly held during
Rogation week.
gang-dagar, m. pi. Rogation daysy
' Gang- days ' ; -foeri, n. the condition
of the roads ; illt (gott) -foeri, bad
{good) walking; -prucSr, a. with
stately gait.
gangr (gen. gangs), m. (i) walking
(vera d gangi) ; motion, activity of
any kind (J^a var hvert jdrn d gangi) ;
(2) pace, pacing {t&m']2i hesta vi6 gang
ok hlaup) ; (3) course (g. himintungla) ;
(4) prevaili?tg, being in vogue ; hafa
GANG-RT^M
[161]
gArungr
mikinn gang, to be much in vogue ;
heldr er vaxandi g. at peim, they (viz.
the dreams) were rather on the in-
crease ; svd mikill g. var ordinn at
eldinum, the fire had got to such a
height.
gang-rum, n. passage-room ; -silfr,
n. current money ; -stigr, m. foot-
path ; -tamr, a. well-trained in pacing
(of a horse).
gap, n. (i) gap, empty space \ (2)
shouting, crying (hareysti ok g.).
gap a (-ta, -atj, v. to gape, open the
?nouth wide.
gaps-maSr, m. gaping fool, gaby.
GarSar, m.pl. Russia', Garoa-riki,
-veldi, n. the Russian empire.
gartS-hlitS, n. gate ; -bus, n. privy ;
-hverfa, f. an e?iclosed plot ; -lag, n.
the building of a fence or wall.
gartSr (-s, -ar), m. {i) fence, wall;
(2) enclosed space, yard (cf. aldin-
garSr, grasgarSr, kirkjugarSr) ; ^ (3)
court-yard, court (t)eir ganga lit 1
gardinn ok berjast) ; ri6a i gard, to
arrive ; riQa (fara) or garQi, to de-
part', fig., helmingr skal falla 1 minn
gar6, the half shall fall into my share-,
skal aukast J)ri6jungi i J)inum gardi,
in thy keeping; hyggjum vdr, at i
ydvarn garS hafi runnit, into your
hands, your possession ; g0ra e-n af
garSi, to equip one (as a son, a friend,
when departing from home) ; li5r
vetr or gardi, the winter passes by ;
(4) house, dwelling;^ (5) stronghold,
castle (cf. As-gar6r, Ut-gar6ar).
GartSs-konungr, m. the Greek em-
peror (in * MiklagarQr').
gart5-staurr, m. fence-stake.
garmr, m. dog.
garn, n. (i) yarn (spinna gam af
rokki) ; (2) warp-thread, warp, opp.
to ' vipta ', weft, woof.
garp-ligr, a. 7nartial\ -menni, n.
martial man.
garpr (-s, -ar), m. a bold, dauntless
man (g. mikill) ; also applied to a
woman (hon var vsen kona ok garpr
mikill 1 skapi).
garp-skapr, m. bravery.
gassi,m. {i) gander; (2) rash fellow.
gat, n. hole, opefiing.
gata (gen. pi. gatna), f. path, way,
road; vera i. gotu e-s, to be in one's
way ; sitja i. gotu e-s, to lie in wait
for (= sitja fyrir e-m) ; alia gotu,
always, throughout.
gatna-mot, n. Junction of roads.
gauk-manatSr, m. ^cuckoo-month*
(the first summer month).
gaukr (-S, -ar), m. cuckoo.
gaul, n. lowing, bellowing.
gaula (at$), v. to low, bellow.
gaum-gsBfa (-tSa, -t), v. to heed;
-gseftS, f. atte?ition, care.
gaumr, m. heed, attention ; gefa
gaum at e-u, to pay attention to.
gaupa, f. the lynx.
gaupna-syn, f. looking into oiie's
pahns ; covering one's face with the
hands (cf. ' sjd i gaupnir ').
gaupnir, f. pi. (i) the two hands
placed together so as to form a bowl ;
sjd, horfa, lita, luta i g. ser, to cover
one's face with the hands (as a token
of sorrow, or in prayer) ; (2) double
handful (g. silfrs).
gaura-gangr, m. disorderly conduct.
gaurr, m. rough fellow.
gauta (atS), v. to prate, brag.
gautan, f. prating.
Gautar, m. pi. a Scandinavian
people in southern Sweden.
Gaut-elfr, f. the river Gotha.
Gaut-land, n. the land of the Gautar.
gauzkr, 2i.frotn Gautland.
gd (gdi, gdtSa, gat), v. to heed, with
infin. (gd at g0ra e-t) or gen. ; gu6s
hann gddi, he gave heed to God; gd
sin, to take care of oneself ; gd til e-s,
to mark; glyja J)u ne gdSir, thou
hadst no tnind for joy.
ga,f. barking (\n ^goOg^', blasphemy;
'hundg^').
gdla-samligr, a. waggish ; -skapr,
m. waggery.
ga-lausligr, a. heedless, wanton ;
-lauss, a. wanton, careless ; -leysi,
n. heedlessness.
gdlga-tr6, n. gallows-tree.
gdlgi, u\. gallows (reisa gdlga).
ga-ligr, a. mindful of (e-s).
gar, n. buffoonery, mocking,
gar-fenginn, a. given to buffoonery,
garungr (-s, -ar), m. buffoon.
M
gAs
[162]
QEQNA
gds (gen. gasar; pi. gaeas), f. goose
(gait hann gagl fyrir gds).
gd-samr, a. heedful^ attentive ;
-serai, f. attention,
gds-veiSr, f . goose~catching.
gdta, f. riddle ; geta (rdda) gdtu, /^
^^<2(^ a riddle.
gdtt (pi. -ir), f. (l) the 7'ahbet of a
doorsill or doorpost \ var hnigin hur6
d gdtt, the door was shut\ (2) pi.
doorway ; innan gatta, indoors.
ge5, n. (i) mind, wits, senses]
heimta aptr g. sitt, to come to one's
senses again ; vera gaetinn at ge3i,
to be on one's guard \ vita til sms
geSs, to be master of one*s wits', (2)
disposition, liking', honum var vel i
geQi til Freysteins, he was well dis-
posed to Fr. ; J)u fellst me'r vel i g.,
you are to my liking', fellst hvart
odru (f(611ust J)au) vel i g., M<?y liked
one another well.
gedda, f. pike (fish).
get$-fastr, a. yfr;« of mind \ -festi,
{.firmness ofjnind.
get$jat$r, a. to one's mind, agreeable.
getJjaat (atS), v. refl., e-m geQjast
e-t, one is pleased with, one likes.
gec5-laus3, 2i. fickle-minded', -leysi,
Vi. fickleness of mind, inconstancy.
get^a-ligr, a. engaging, pleasing.
getS-speki, f. wisdom ; -svinnr, a.
wise, clever.
gefa (gef; gaf, gdfum; gefinn),
V. (i) to give (g. e-m e-t) ; hann gaf
t)eim godar gjafar, he gave them good
gifts ; g. e-m rdS, to give one advice ;
g. hlj63, to give a hearing', g. e-m
sok, e-t at sok, to lay to one's charge,
to bring a charge against 07ie ; g. slog,
to deal blows ; g. e-m drekka, to give
one to drink ; impers., e-m gefr byr
(byri), one gets a fair wind (gaf J)eim
byr ok sigla peir 1 haf ) ; absol., gaf
J)eim vel, they got a fair wind", ef
foeri gefr d, if you get a chance ; ef
y6r (dat.) gefr eigi missyni 1 J)essu
mali, if you are not mistaken in this
matter', pat gaf ollum vel skilja, it
was clear for all to understand ', (2)
to give, grant ; g. heimleyfi, to grant
furlough ; g. e-m grid, to grajtt quar-
ter or pardon to one ; g. e-m lif, to
grant one his life', (3) to give in
matrimony (ek var ung gefin Njdli) ;
(4) to give fodder to cattle, to feed (g.
goltum, nautum, kum, hestum) ; (5)
g. staSar, to stop ; let hann l)d staSar
gefa rodrinn, he stopped rowing', (6)
e-m er e-t sva gefit, or svd gefit um
e-t, one is so and so disposed, thinks
so and so of a thing (ef t)er er J)etta
sva gefit sem Jju segir) ; (7) with
preps.; g. ser litit (mikit) af {or at)
e-u, to take little {much) notice of;
g. i. e-t, to pour water on ; fig. to
press on (gefr Ormr J)d a) ; g. e-m til
e-s, to give in return for a thing (g.
fe til sdtta) ; impers., honum hafSi
vel gefit til (had good luck) um hefnd-
ina ; g. ser mikit (litit) um e-t, to
take great [little) interest in (= g. s€x
mikit, litit, af or at e-u) ; g. s^r fdtt
um e-t, to take coldly, take little notice
of', g. e-t upp, to give up (g. upp alia
motstoSu) ; g. sik upp, to surrender ;
g. upp gamalmenni, to give old people
up, let the7n starve ; g. upp leiguna,
to re?nit the rent; g. upp sakir, to
remit offences ; upp gefinn, exhausted ;
g. e-t vi6 e-u, to give in payment for ',
g. sik vi3, to give in ({jat er likara, at
ek gefa mik vi6) ; (8) refl., gefast vel
(ilia), to prove good {bad) ; opt hafa
m^r vel gefizt y6ur rd6, your counsels
have often proved good for ?ne ; hefir
J)eim pat ok aldri vel gefizt, // has
never turned out well ; gefast gjof-
um, to give gifts to 07ie another ;
g. i. vald e-s, to give 07iesef into
a7iothe7^s power ; g. upp. to give in,
surrender', e-m gefst e-t yfir, one
does wro7ig in a thing (ef gofgum
monnum gafust storir hlutir yfir).
gefandi fpl. -endr), m. giver.
gefna-getS n. conduct, behaviour,
gegn and i gegn, prep, with dat.,
against (1 g. vindi sem forvindis) ; i
g. e6li, agai7ist natu7'e.
gegn, a. (i ) honest (sannorSr ok g.) ;
{1) fit (for O. par i. land, sem honum
potti gegnast) ; (3) direct, straight
(hinn gegnsta veg).
gegna (-da, -t), v. (i) to go against,
77ieet (g. e-m) ; {2) to suit 07ie, be meef
for 07ie ; velit jjat er y3r gegnir.
GEGNI-LiaA
[163]
GERLA
choose what best suits you ; (3) to
signify, mean, matter \ spurSi, hverju
gegndi ugleSi su, er harm hafdi, asked
what his sadness meant ; sumir masltu
f moti ok kvadu 0ngu g., some denied
it, and said it was cf no use ; meira
en hofi gegnir, mo}e than is due,
above measure ; g. tiSendum, to be
of importance ; (4) to atnount to ; sva
at morgum hundruSum gegndi, so that
it amounted to many hundreds.
gegni-liga, adv. duly^ properly.
gegning, f. suitableness ; d t)essu er
engi g., this will not do.
gegnt, (i) adv. straight \ compar.,
gegnra, gegnara, more straight ;
super!., gegnst, gegnast, the shortest
way; most right, meet est ', (2) prep,
with dat. over against, opposite to (g.
konungi).
gegnum, i gegnum (l) prep, with
ace. through (g. vegginn) ; (2} adv.,
allan dag 1 g., all the day long.
geifia ' atS), v. /^ mumble (g. d e-u).
geiga (a^), v. to take a wrong direc-
tion ; eigi veit, hvar uskytja or geigar,
none can tell where a shaft ill-shot
may stray to.
geigan, f. waveri?tg.
geigr, m. (i) scathe, serious hurt;
vinna, gera, veita e-m geig, to hurt
one ; (2) danger (er t)at enn mesti g.j.
geigu-skot, n. deadly shot.
geig-v8Bnligr, a. dangerous , fatal.
geil (pi. -an, f. narrow glen ^ lane.
geila-gartSr, m. a fence along a geil.
gei-ligr, a. fifie, beautiful (rare).
geip, n. idle talk, nonsense.
geipa (at5), v. to talk nonsense.
geipan, f. brag, nonsense.
geir-falki, m. gerfalcon ; -fugl, m.
ga7'e-fowl, the great awk.
geiri, m. gore, triangular strip.
geir-laukr, m. garlic.
geir-nagli, m. the nail fastening a
spear'' s head to the shaft.
geirr (-s, -ar), m. (i) spear; (2) the
point of 071 anvil (nefsteSi).
geir-varta, f. nipple (of a man).
geis, f. impetuosity ; geisa (aS),
v. to rage^ be furious ; J)eirra ofsi
geisar hd.tt, their insolence runs high.
geisan, f. impetuosity (= geis).
geiska-fullr, ^.frightened,
geiski, m.. panic, fear.
geisl, m. (1) snow-skater's staff; (2)
ray, beatn ; geisla (atJ), v. to shed
rays, to beam ; geisli, m. = geisl.
geispa (atS), v. to yawn, gape.
geispi, m.yawn.
geit (gen. -ar; pi. geitr), f. a she
goat (ragr sem geit).
geita-tcetr, m. pi. goats' feet, feet
like those of a goat ; -hirSir, m. goal-
herd ; -hus, n. goat-house.
geitar-horn, n. goaCs horn ; -hugi%
m. cowardice ; -hus, n. goat-house ;
-skegg, n. goat's beard.
geita-sveinn, m. goat-herd.
geit-bjalfi, m., -hetSinn, m. goat'
skin coat or hairy jacket ; -skinn,
n. goat-skin ; -staka, f. = -skinn.
geitungr, m. wasp.
gelda (-da, -dr), v. to geld, castrate.
geld-f6, n. barren sheep.
geld^ar-hofii, f. pasture for geldfe.
gelding, f. gelding, castration.
geldingr (-s, -ar), m. (i) wether;
(2) eunuch.
geld-neyti, n. barren cattle.
geldr, a. yielding no riiilk, dry.
gella (-da), v. to yell, roar^ bellow
(sem griSungr gelldi).
gertilingr (-3, -ar), m. a year-old
sheep (at ryja gemlinga).
gems, n. gibe, scoff.
gemsa (a!5), v, to gibe, scoff.
gems-fullr, -mikill, 2.. full of gibes.
gengi, n. ( I ) luck, success ; an er ills
gengis nema heiman hafi, ill luck is
home-bred; (2) help, support; afla s^r
gengis, to gather troops.
gengr, a. (l) able to walk; {1) fit to
walk on (vegr vel g.) ; (3) eiga heiman
gengt, to have time and opportunity
to leave home.
genta, f. girf lass.
gera, v. see g0ra ; ger^, see gorS.
gertS, i. yeast, ferment.
gertS (pi. -ar), f. gear, harness ; pi.
armour (gerSar varar).
gert5a (-tSa, -t5r), v. to fence in,
gertSi, n. a fe)icedfield.
gerSing, {.fencing, hedging.
geri, m. ' ravener \ wolf (poet.).
gerla, adv. see gorla.
GERTTINGAR
[164]
GEYSI-LIGR
gerning, gerningr, see g0rn-.
gerpi-ligr, a. martial (= garpligr).
gerr, a. see gorr ; adv. see g0rr.
ger-samliga, -semi, -simi, -sim-
ligr, see gor-, g0r-.
gersta (-sta, -str), v. fo annoy ^ tease
(g. hug e-s) ; gerstr, pp. (i) weari-
some, dismal \ gerstan dag, the long
weary day \ (2) sulky; hann leit g.
vid mer, he looked sulkily on me.
gerva, gervallr, gervi, see gorva,
gorvallr, g0rvi.
gerzkr, ^..frofn Gart5arfki.
gesta-bekkr, rc\. quests' bench ; -T3ot5,
n. banquet ; -hus, n. guest-room ;
-hoftSingi, m. ch.ef of the guests ;
-skali, m. guest-hall.
gest-gjafl, m. host (goSr -gjafi).
gestr (-S, -ir), m. (i) guest; (2) a
royal retainer of inferior rank.
gest-risinn, a. hospitable ; -risni,
f. hospitality.
get, n. guess (rare).
geta (get; gat, gatum ; getinn),
V. I. with ace. (i) to get; g. ordstir,
to get fame ; g. ser e-t, to get for one-
self {gobs um cedis ef ser g. mcCtti) ;
g. gott af e-m, to get good of one ;
with dat. of the person, g. valuSum
vel, to be kind to the poor ; g. e-m
ilia, to do harm to one; impers., getr
€-t, there is {got) ; eigi getr slikan
{there is no7ie such) i konungs her-
bergjum ; (2) with pp. of another
verb, g, veiddan fisk, to be able to
£atch fish ; ek get eigi fy]gt ySr, J
cannot follow you; (3) almost like
an auxil. verb with infin. ; ek Gunnari
gat at unna, / loved G. ; g. at lita,
sja {to get) to see ; without ' at ', er
slikt getr fcecJa j63, that shall rear
such a child; (4) to learn (lengi man
J)at er ungr getr); (5) to beget, eft-
gender (fotr gat son vid foeti); geta
born, to beget childre?t (said of both
parents) ; (6) refl., getast at e-u, to
like ; J)vi at mer gezt vel at per, be-
cause I like thee well ; Idta ser getit
at e-u, to be pleased with ; eigi last ek
mer at einu getit, I atn not pleased to
have always the same, I want sofne
change; II. with gen. (l) to guess;
g. g^tu, to guess a riddle ; g. reit, to
guess right ; g. e-s til, /<? guess, sup"
pose; g. i hug e-m, to guess one's
thoughts; (2) to speak of, tnention,
in speech or writing (pess er getit,
sem gort er) ; geta um e-t, to speak
about (hann gat ekki um petta fyrir
sinum monnum) ; J)ess er vid getit,
at, it is told that.
geta, f. guess, conjecture (er l^at g.
min, at) ; spd er spaks g., a wise man's
guess is a prophecy ; setla ek eigi J)at
til getu, at hann se J)ar, it is not
likely that he is there ; leida getum
um e-t, to make a guess at.
getara, f. birth-giver, mother,
getari, m. begetter, father.
get-gangr, m. guessing.
getnatJr (gen. -ar), m. (i) co7tcep'
lion ; (2) fcetus ; vera me6 getnadi, to
be with a child; (3) liking.
get-sakir, f. pi. imputations (with-
out evidence) ; soekja -sakir, to pro-
secute one upon loose imputations ;
-samligr, a. pertai}iing to guessing ;
-speki, f. gift of propJiecy.
getu-mal, n. doubtful case.
geyja (gey, go), v. (i) to bark (at
e-m); {I) to scoff at (vil ek eigi go3
g.) ; g. d e-n, to abuse.
geyma (-da, -dr), v. (l) to heed,
mind, watch (geym pess, at enginn
komist i braut) ; hann hafdi geymt
hlutverka sinna, he had minded his
work ; g. sin, to take care of oneself;
g. at e-u, til e-s = g. e-s ; (2) to watch,
keep, with ace. (g. bceinn, heilraeditj,
geymari, m. keeper.
geymdir, f. pi. heed, attention ; gefa
g. at e-u, to give heed to.
geyminn, a. heedful {g. e-s, at e-u).
geymsla, f. keeping, care.
geymslu-lauss, a. unguarded.
geyra, geyrr, = gora, gorr.
geysa (-ta, -tr), v. to send cut with
violence (hann lastr g. eld ok jarn) ;
usually refl. to dash or rush furiously
(|)a geysist hafit d londin ; mugrinn
geystist inn a skipin).
geysi-, very, exceedingly ; g. mikill,
vefy great; g. margir, very many;
g. ilia, very badly.
geysi-liga, adv. enormously ; -ligr.
a. enormous.
GEYSINaR
[165]
QJAF-FALB
geyaingr, m. impetuosity.
geystr, pp. (i) rushing hastily ; (2)
enraged (voru bcendr mjok gey stir a
hendr honum).
-gi (or -ki after t or j), a suffix used
esp. with negative, but also with posi-
tive and indefinite force.
gil (gen. pi. gilja), n. ravine, gully,
gilda-skali, m. guild-hall.
gildi, n. (l) payment, tribute (rare) ;
(2) recompense, return ; ae ser til gild is
gjof {see gjald 4) ; (3) repute, estee7n
(pegar J)er komist i g. vi5 hofSingja) ;
{/^) feast, banquet (J)d gengu ^sir at g.
sinu) ; {^) guild, brotherhood.
gildis-broetSr, m. ^\. guild-brothers;
-fundr, m. guild-meeting; -skali, m.
guild-hall ; -tit5, f. guild-term,
gild-leiki, m. perfectness,
gild-liga, adv. properly.
gildr (gild, gilt), a. (i) valued at
(g. tveim morkum) ; (2) of full value ;
worthy, great (g. konungr, hofQingi) ;
me6 gildum soma, with great fame ;
HallfreOr var t)d sem gildastr, H. was
then at his best.
gildra, f. trap.
gildr a (atSj, v. to trap, set a trap.
gilja (a$), V. to beguile (a woman).
gi]a-J)r6mr, m. edge of a gully.
gim-steinn, m. gem, jewel.
gin, n. mouth (of a beast).
gin-kefli, n. gag.
ginna (-ta, -trj, v. (i) to dupe, fool
one; g. e-n at ser, to fall out with
one; (2) to decoy, entice (g. e-n til
e-s, heiman af bcenum).
ginn-heilagr, a. most holy.
ginning (pi. -ar), f. deception, be-
fooling (Gylfa-ginning).
ginningar-fifl, n. one who runs a
fooPs errand (vera -fifl e-s).
ginn-regin, n. pi. the great gods.
ginnunga-gap, n. the great void,
primeval chaos; -himinn, m. the
heaven over ginnunga-gap.
ginnungr, va. juggler, jester.
gipt, f. (i) gift (jarfiligar giptir) ;
(2) good luck ( = gipta).
gipLa, f. good luck.
gipta (-pta, -ptr), v, to give away in
marriage (g. e-m e-a) ; refl. giptast,
to matTy.
gipting, f. marriage (of a woman).
giptu-drjugr, a. lucky ; -fdtt, a. n.
luckless (e-m ver3r -fdtt) ; -liga, adv.
luckily; -ligr, a. lucky, auspicious;
-matSr, m. lucky 7nan ; -munr, m.
difference in good luck ; -ratJ, n. goody
auspicious match ; -samliga, adv.
auspiciously ; -samligr, a. = -ligr ;
-skortr, m. want of luck, bad luck \
-tomr, a. luckless ; -vaenligr, a. pro-
mising good luck, auspicious.
girSa (-tSa, -t5r), v. to fence, = gerfia.
Girkir, m. pi. the Greeks.
girna (-di, -t), v. impers., mik girnir,
/ desire ; refl., girnast e-t, i. e-t, til
e-s, to desire something.
girnd (pi. -ir), f. desire ; lust.
girndar-bruni, -eldr, -hiti, m. fire
of lust, ardent lust ; -ra$, n. {foolish)
love match.
girni-ligr, a. desirable, pleasant.
girska, f. the Greek language.
girskr, a. (i) Gt-eek ; (2) = gerzkr.
gista ("Sta, -st), v. to pass the night
(g. at e-s, at or i. e-m stad) ; g. e-n,
to spend a night with one.
gisting, f. night-lodgings, accom-
modation for the night (beiSast gist-
ingar ; t)iggja gisting).
gistingar-bol, n., -stat5r, m. night-
quarters.
gizki, m. a kind of kerchief {T).
gifr, n. witch, hag; -liga, adv.
savagely (lata -liga).
gigja, {.fiddle ; gigjari, m. fiddler.
gina (gin ; gein, ginum ; ginit), v.
to gape, yawn (ginandi u'fr) ; g. yfir
e-t, to take into one's mouth ; g. vid
agni, to gape in order to take the bait.
gisl (pi. -ar), m. (i) hostage; (2)
bailiff [g. keisarans) ; warder.
gisla (atS), v. (i) to give as hostage \
{2) to take as hostage.
gislar, f. pi. (i) sureties, securities',
(2) security, guard (setja g. fyrir).
gisling, f. ( i) hostage (taka e-n 1 g.) ;
(2) pi. guard (setja gislingar fyrir e-n).
gjafa-laust, adv. (dismissea) without
gifts ; -ley si, n. lack of gifts.
gjafari, m. giver.
gjafa-skipti, n., -vixl, n. exchange
of gifts.
gjaf-erftJ, f. bequest; -fair, a. to be
GJAP-IiAUST
[166]
aiiAP-RiEDI
had for a trifle ; -laust, adv. without
gift\ -lendingar, m. \A. feitdato?'ies ]
-lyndi, n. open-handed7tess ; -mildr,
a. open-handed ; -ort$, n. match (of a
woman to be married) ; -vaxta, a.
marriageable (of a maid) ; -vinr, m.
open-hande i friend.
g;iald, n. (i) tribute (harm lag6i g. d
borgina); {2)payment\ J)aheIduboendr
gjaldinu, they kept back the payment \
(3) retribution, esp. pi. ; ella mun f)er
g. at verSa, ///^« j/^a// pay dear jor
tt; (4) rezaard, return, compe7isation\
ae s^r gjof til gjalda,_§z/? looks for g ft.
gjalda(geld; gait, guldum; gold-
inn), V. (i) to repay, return', g. gjof
viS gjof, to pay back gift for gift', g.
aptr, to restore, pay back; (2) fig. to
give, yield ; g. skynsemi vi3 e-u, to
give reaso7t for ; g. samkvasdi at e-u,
to consent to ; g. varud, varhuga vi6
e-u, to be on ofie's guard against ; g.
e-m fjdndskap, to show ill-will to-
wards one', (3) with gen. to pay for,
suffer on account of (t)ar munud \i\\.
min g.) ; g. e-s at = g. e-s ; geldr at
nybreytni (gen.) konungs, // is a pun-
ishinefit for the king's innovations.
gjald-dagi, m. pay-day ; -fang, n.
payment, eguivalefit ; -gengr, a. take?i
in payment; -keri, -kyri, m. the
king's steward.
g3'alla(gell; gall, gullum; gollit),
V. to scream, shriek (ernir gjalla hatt) ;
strengr gellr, the boiv-stritig twa?igs ;
impers. to resound, echo (kvad t>or-
steinn sva hdtt, at gall 1 murnum).
Gjallar-horn, n. (i) the horn [trinn-
pet) of Heiindal; (2) the drinking-
horn used by Mijnir.
gjallr, a. ringi?ig, resounding.
gjalti, only in the phrase, verSa at
g., to turn mad with terror.
gjarn, a. (l) eager for, desirous of
(g. a e-t, i e-t, til e-s) ; (2) g. e-m,
willing to follow one.
gjarna, adv. willingly.
gjarn-liga,-samliga, adv. willingly.
gjd (gen. gjar; pi. gjar, gen. gj'a,
dat. gjam), f. rift, cleft, chasm.
gjalfr, n, din of the sea ; -dyr, n.
ship (poet.) ; -samr, a. roaring (of
the sea).
gjdr-bakki, m. brink of a rift;
-barmr, m. edge of a rift; -munni,
m. mouth of a rift.
gj6, f. sensuality ; -lifi., n. sensual
life ; -maSr, m. a sensual person.
gj6sa(gys; gaus,gusum; gosinn),
v. to gushy burst out (J)ar gaus upp
stundum eldr ; blodit gaus or sdrinu).
gjos-aB^Sr, f. '•gush-vein ', artery.
gj6ta(gyt; gaut, gutum; gotinn),
V. (i) g. hrognum, to spawn; (2) g.
augum, sjonum, to cast a look.
gjof (gen. gjafar, pi. gjafar and
gjafir), i.gift ; skipta gjofum vi3 e-n,
to exchange gifts with otie ; leida e-n
lit (1 brott) me6 gjofum, leysa e-n d
brott me6 gjofum, to dismiss one with
gifts (at the end of a visit).
gjofull (ace. gjcflan), a. munificent ^
liberal (g. at gulli).
gjogr, f. cleft, rift (gljufr ok gjograr).
gjogra (atS), v. to reel, stagger.
gj dinar, f. pi. the whiskers of the
Fetiris-wolf
gjolta (-Iti), v. to bark (rare).
gjor-, see gor-, g0r-.
gjortS (gen. gjarSar; pi. gjart5ar
and gjarSir), {.girdle; saddle-gi?'th
(sodulgjorS).
gjorvallr, a. see 'gorvallr'.
glatSa (acS), V. to gladden (=3 gleSja).
glat5an, adv. = glaSliga.
glac5-latr, a. cheerful ; -liga, adv.
gladly, willingly ; -ligr, a. glad, cheer-
ful ; -ID aeltr, a. cheerful in speech.
gla(5ning, f. glaidening, gladness.
glac5r (gloS, glatt), a. ( i ) glad, glad'
some, cheerful (Flosi var allra manna
gladastr) ; (2) bright, beautiful, of the
sky, weather, fire (veSr glatt, tunglit
skein glatt).
glaS-vseri, f. gladness ; -vaBrr, a.
gladsome, cheerful.
glam, or glamm, n. noise, din, clash,
glama, v. to twaddle, talk idly.
glamra (aS), v. to tinkle, jingle.
glap,n. begtiilement, seduction ; venja
kvamur sinar til glapa {or glaps) vid
konu, to aim at seducing.
glapna (atS), v. to grow dim (glap-
na6i honum heyrn ok syn),
glappa-verk, n. mishap.
glap-raetSi, n. mistake, blunder \
GIiAP-STIGR
[167]
GLYMJA
-stigr, m. a wrong path ; -vig, n. acci'
dental vtanstaughter.
glata (at$), w. {i) to destroy (g. e-u) ;
(2) to lose ; refl., glatast, to be lost.
glatan, f. perditioji.
glatuns-hundr, m. glutton {}).
glaumr.m. noisy merri7nent\ glaums
andvana, cheerless.
gldm-syni, f. illusion,
gletSa, f. glede^ kite (bird).
gletSi, f. gladness, vierrivient, joy
(var bar J)d g. mikil).
gleoi-bragtS, r\. joyful mien \ -dagar,
m. pi. days of happiness ; -fullr, a.
joyful \ -ligr, a. glad\ -matSr, m,
cheery man ; -mot, n. = -bragd ; -ortS,
n. pi. words of joy ; -stundir, f. pi.
merry ^ happy time ; -vist, f. fnerry
sojourn.
glet5ja (gletS, gladda, gladdr), v. to
gladden, make glad\ refl., gledjast, to
be glad, rejoice.
gleQa, f. spear, lance (for. word).
glefaa (-ta), v. to snap at (g. 1 e-t).
glens, n. gibing, gibe, jest, banter.
glensa (ao), v. to jest, make fun.
glensan, f. gibing, jesting.
glens-ligr, a. bajitering ; -mikill, a.
full of jesting or gibes ; -yrtSi, n. pi.
jesting or gibifig speech.
glepja (glep, glapta, glaptr), y. (i)
to cofifuse one (in reading, speaking) ;
(2) to confound (g. sokn, vorn) ; (3)
to beguile (g. konu).
gler, n. {i) glass; hdll sem g., slip-
pery as glass ; bresta i gleri, to break
into shivers ; (2) looking-glass.
gler-gluggr, m. glass-window ;
-steinar, m. pi. glass stones^ agates ;
-tolur, f. pi. glass beads.
glett, n., gletta, f. banter, raillery,
taunting ; fara (ganga, ri6a) i glett vi6
e-n, to provoke one.
glettast (tt), V. refl. to banter, rail
against one, taunt, provoke an enemy
(g. vi3 e-n).
gletti-liga, adv. tauntingly,
glettingr, m. = glett, gletta.
glettings-bara, f. splashing wave.
glettinn, a. bantering.
glettni, f. = glett (eiga g. vi6 e-n).
glettu-atsokn, f. a feint to provoke
the enemy to attack.
glettunar-ina?5r, m. ; engi -maSr, a
man not to be trifled with.
gleyma (-da, -dr), v.{\) to make a
merry noise (glaumr) ; (2) with dat. to
forget (gleymt hefi ek J)essu).
gleym-samligr, 2i. forgetful,
gleymska, i. forgetful ness.
gleypa (-ta, -tr)*, v. to swallow.
glissa (-sta), v. to grin, gabble.
glit, n, ^glitter ' ; ofit i g., brocaded,
glita, glitra (at5j, v. to glitter.
glikindi, gliking, glikja, glikligr,
glikr = likindi, liking, etc.
glima ("da, -t), v. to wrestle,
glima, f. wrestling.
gliminn, a. expert as a wrestler.
glimu-brogc5, n. pi. wrestling-tricks ;
-felagi, m. wrestling-?nate ', -foerr,
a. able-bodied as a wrestler ; -mann-
liga, adv. like a good wrestler.
gljd (-tSa, -$), V. to glisten, shine.
gljiirr, n. pi. rocky [sides of a) ravine,
gljufrottr, a. rocky.
glott, n. grin, s?ieer, scornful smile ;
draga g. at e-u, to sneer at.
gletta (-tta, -tt), V. to grin (g. at or
\\6 e-u) ; g. vi6 tonn, to smile scorn-
fully and show the teeth.
gloa (atS, or -65a, -6t), v. (i) to
shine, glitter (gloar nokkut i gotunni) ;
(2) to glow with heat \ gloanda jarn,
red-hot iron.
glocS (pi. gloetSr), f. red-hot embers.
gloSar-ker, n. f re-pan.
glotS-raucSr, a. red as embers.
gl6fa,^r, a. gloved ; glofi, m. glove.
gl6-fox6ttr, a. light-maned.
glopaldi, m., glopr, m. fool.
glosa (acS), V. to explain by a gloss.
gluggaSr, pp. with windows.
gluggr (-S, pi. -ar), m. opening (in
a wall, roof, etc.), esp. window.
glumr, n. noise, rattle, clatter.
glumra (ac5i, v. to rattle, clatter.
glutr, n. squatidering, lavishment.
glutra (atS), v. to squander.
glutrs-maSr, m. spendthrift.
glutrunar-maSr, m. = glutrsmaQr ;
-samr, a. lavish, extravagant.
gliipna (atS), v. to become downcast.
glyinja (glym, glumda, glumitJr),
v. to dash noisily, splash (unnirglymja),
clatter (glumdu joklar), rattle.
GLYMB
[168]
GNYJA
glymr, m. clatter^ clashy ringing.
glymur, f. pi. cafs eyes.
glys, n. finery (kaupa glys).
^\js-^SiTn,3..fond of finery; -ligr, a.
showy, specious ; -mdl, n. pi. specious
words.
gly, n. joy ; glyja (gen. pi.) n€ g^Sir,
thou hadst no mind for joy.
glyjat5r, pp. gleeful (vel g.).
gly-stamr, a. joyless.
glaea (-dda), v. to glow ^ glisten,
glaer (gen. glees), m. sea ; kasta d
glcC, to throw into the sea, squander ;
hlaupa a glas, to run in vain.
glae-rasoi, n. = glaprasSi.
glfiBsa (-ta, -tr), v. to embellish ;
gulli ok silfri glaestr, adorned with gold
and silver.
gl»si-ligr, a. splendid^ showy;
specious (-lig or6).
gloepa-fuUr, a. full of wickedness,
tmgodly ; -matSr, m. miscreant, male-
factor ; -mannligr, a. rujfianly ;
-verk, n. crime.
glcepi-liga, adv. wickedly ; -ligr, a.
wicked; gloep-ligr, a. = gloepiligr.
gloepr (-S, -ir), m. 7nisdeed, crifne.
glc3Bpska, f. misdeed, offence.
glcBp-varr, a. righteous ; -yrtJi, n.
pi. foul language.
gl^gg-dosmr, a. sagacious in one^s
judgement ; -leikr, m. sagacity ; -llga,
adv. clearly, distinctly.
gl0ggr (ace. -van), a. (i) clear-
sighted (gl0ggt er gests auga) ; (2)
clear, distinct ; \ era gl0ggrar greinar,
to distinguish sharply ; eigi er m^r
pat gl0ggt, // is not clear to me ;
neut., gl0ggt, as adv. clearly (muna,
kenna gl0ggt) ; (3) stingy, close (g.
vi6 gesti).
gl0gg-rynn, a. clever in interpreting
runes ; -skygn, a. sharp-sighted ;
-synn, a. sharp-witted; -s8Br (-s8B,
-ssBtt), a. (i) clear-sighted; (2) mani-
fest, clear; -J)ekkinn, a. quick to dis-
cern, clear-sighted; -J)ekkni, f. clear-
sightedness.
gnadd, n. grumbling, muttering.
gnadda(ao), V. to murfnur, grumble.
gnaga (atS), v. to gnaw (hestar
gnoguSu beizlin).
gnapa (-ta), v. (i) to jut or stand
out; (2) to stoop or bend forward \
(3) to droop the head.
gnat a (ao), v. to clash.
gnautS, n. noise, din, rattle.
gnaucSa (aS), v. to rattle, ring,
gnegg, n. neighing.
gneggja (atS), v. to neigh.
gneista (atS), v. to emit sparks.
gneista-flaug, f. shower of sparks.
gneisti, m. spark.
gnesta (gnest; gnast, gnustum;
gnostinn), v. to crack, clash (gnustu
J)d saman vdpnin).
gneypa (-ta, -tr), v. to pinch.
gnejrpr, a. (i) bent forward, droop''
ing; {2) savage, fierce.
gnitJa (at$), v. to rub, scrape.
gnipa, i. peak, jutting pinnacle (on
a beetling mountain).
gnista (-sta, -st), v. (i) g. tonnum,
to gnash the teeth ; (2) to snarl (of
dogs) ; (3) gnistanda frost, biting frost.
gnistan, gnisting, f. gnashing.
gnoga, adv. poet. = gnogliga.
gnog-leikr, m. abundance ; -liga,
adv. abundantly ; -ligr, a. abundant.
gnogr, a. (i) abundant, plentiful,
enough (selveiSar gnogar ok fiskifang
mikit) ; at gnogu, sufficiently; ok
vinnst oss t)at at gnogu, // is enough
for us ; i gnog, enough (var J)ar vatn
1 gnog) ; gnogu (neut. dat.) lengi, long
enough ; (2) g. um e-t, at e-u, richly
ftirtiished with (nu var hann g. orSinn
um kvikfe).
gnott, f. abundance, plenty (g. fjdr) ;
gera g. spurning (dat.) e-s, to give suf-
ficient answer to one's question.
gnua (gny, gnera or gn0ra, gnu-
inn), V. to rub (hann tok til orSa ok
gneri nefit).
gnufa (-t5a), v. to droop (g. med
hofSinu).
gniip-leitr, a, s fern-looking.
gnupr (-S, -ar), rc\. peak (= gnipa).
gnytSja (gnytS, gnudda), v. to mut-
ter, griwible (herrinn gnuddi ilia) ; to
grunt (g. mundu nu grisir).
gnytJr (pi. -ir), m. murmur,
gnyja (gny, gnutSa, gnuit), v. to
roar (vindar gnyja) ; g. d, to set in
[^■k gnuSi i hallceri mikit ok vefirdtta
kold).
GNY-MIKILIi
[169]
GOMR
gny'-mikill, a. roarins:^ stormy.
gnyr (-s, -ir), m. clash, din.
gny-reit5. f. roaring thunder.
gnaefa (-Sia, -t), v. to stand up, rise
high, tower {%. vi3 himin).
gncBgr, a. = gnogr.
gnoltra (atS), v. to howl, bark.
gnotra (at5), v. to clatter, rattle.
got$, n. {heathen) god.
got5a-bl6t, n. sacrifice to the gods ;
-gremi, f. wrath of the gods ; -heill,
n. favour of the gods ; -hus, n. house
of ^ods, heathen temple ; -reitSi, f. =
go6a-gremi.
gotS-borinn, pp. god-born ; -domr,
m.. godhead', -ga, f. blaspherny.
gotSi, m. heathen priest ; chief (in
Iceland during the republic).
gotS-kunnigr, a. of the kith of gods ;
-mdlugr, a. skilled in the lore of the
gods ; -mogn., n. pi. divine powers,
deities (g. J)au er J)eir blotuSu).
gotS-oro, n. dignity and authority of
a go6i (go6or3 ok manna forrd5).
gotSoitSa-lauss, a. without a goSorS;
-matSr, m. owner of a go^ord ; -mal,
n. an action concernifig a goQord.
got5-vefr, m. = guSvefr.
got5-vegr, m. the way of the gods.
goU, n. gold = gull.
gollurr, m. pericardium.
gor, n. the cud in animals.
gor-manat5r, m. the first wiriter-
month (Oct.-Nov.).
gotnar, m. pi. poet. rnen.
gotneskr, a. Gothic.
g6(5-brj6stacSr, a. kind-hearted ;
-fengr, a. good-natured', -fusliga,
adv. willingly ; -fuss, a. benevolent ;
-fysi, -fyst, f. goodness, good-will',
-gipt, f. benefit, charitable deed',
-gimd, -girni, f. = -fysi ; -gjarn, a.
benevolent, kind', -gjarnliga, adv.
kindly, -gjarnligr, a. kind, kindly;
-gripr , m. costly thing ; -gsefliga, ad v,
gently ; -gaet, f. good entertainment ;
-gfflti, n. dainty ; -g0r$, f. charity ;
-g0rning, f. = -g0r6 ; -gprningr, m.
good deed, charity ; -hatta^r, a. well-
mannered; -hjartatSr, ?i.kind-hearted.
gotSi, m. {i) good-will ', {2) profit.
gotS-latr, a. good-natured ; -leikr,
m. goodness ; -lifnatJr, m., -lifi, n.
good life ; -lyndi, n. good nature ;
-lyndr, a. good-natured ; -mannliga,
adv. like a good 7nan ; -mannligr, a.
gentle', -menni,n. a good, gentle man;
-mennska, f. goodness, gentleness ;
-TOien-n.t, 2.. n. good people: -motliga,
adv. kindly, ge?ttly ; -ortSr, a. gentle
in ones words.
gotSr (gotS, gott), a. {i)good, inorally
commendable (g. ok rettldtr konungr,
%6h kona) ; {1^ good, honest {Ax^n'gx ^.);
g. V il i , good, h one St inten tion ; ( 3 ) kind,
friendly ; g. e-m, kind towards one ;
gott gengr I)6r til, thou meanest well ;
gott var f fraendsemi J)eira, they were
on good terms ; vilja e-m gott, to wish
one well ; (4) good, fine, goodly ; g.
hestr, fine horse ; gott ve6r, fine
weather', me6 g66u foruneyti, with
goodly suite ; godr beini, good cheer;
ver6a gott til e-s, to get plenty of; var
pa gott til fjdr ok mannvirSingar, there
was ample wealth and fame to earn ;
g. af e-u or e-s, good, liberal with a
thing; g. af tidendum, ^^^^ at news,
com77iunicative ; g. af hestinum, will-
i?ig to le7id the horse ; g. af f^, open-
handed; g. vi\2X2ir,free with his food.
gotS-ratSr, a. giving good counsel ;
-rseSi, n. good7iess ; -semi, f. = -fysi ;
-verk, n. charitable deed; -vild, f.,
- vili, m. kindness, good-will ; -vilj atSr,
a. benevolent.
gotSvilja-fullr, a. benevolent, kind;
-mat5r, m. benevolent man ; -mikill,
?i.full of good-will.
goS-viljugr, a. kind; -virki, n. =
-verk ; -virkr, a. 77iaking good work ;
-vsBnliga, adv. = -vaettliga ; -vsen-
ligr, a. prorn'sing good; -vsettliga,
adv. ajnicably ; -yrki, n. = -verk ;
-aBttatSr, a. of good fairtily.
goi, f. the 7nonth Goi (from the middle
of February to the middle of March) ;
-beytill, m. a species of horse-tail
{equisetum hyemale).
golf, n. {\)'fioor; (2) apart7nent.
golf-stokkar, m. pi. floor bea7ns;
-J)ili, n. deal floor.
go-ligr, 3.. fine, pretty (-lig or6).
gomr (-S, -ar), m. (i) the roof or
floor of the 77iouth (efri or neSri g.) ;
e-m berr mart d goma, one talks freely
g6m-spaiiri
[1701
GRAR
of many things \ gaeta tungu f M5a
goma, to keep guard on the tongue^
speak warily ; (2) finger'tip {i. hendi
heitir fingr, nagl, gomr).
gom-sparri, m. gag.
goz, n. goods y proper ty»
grat$-f6, n. entire cattle.
gratSr, a. entire^ not castrated,
gratSungr (-s, -ar), m. bull.
grafa (gref ; grof, grofum ; graf-
inn), v.\\) to dig (g. grof) ; g. torf, to
dig peat ; fig. /i? seek out the sense of (g.
visu) ; (2) to earthy bury (g. lik) ; (3) /^
carve^ engrave (dokkr steinn i ok
grafit d, innsigli) ; (4) to inlay \ fagr
a liti, sem J)d. er filsbein er grafit i eik,
as wheft ivory is set in oak ; (5 ) impers.
to supptirate (laerit tok at g. bas6i uppi
ok niori); (6) with preps., g. at e-u,
eptir e-u, to inquire into, try to find
out\ also refl., grafast eptir e-u; g.
niSr, to dig down ; svd kyrr sem hann
vseri grafinn ni3r, as if he had been
rooted in the ground ; g. til e-s, /d? dig
for (g. til vatns) ; g. um e-t = g. eptir
e-u ; grof hann svd undir J)eim, at, he
sounded them so that ; g. e-t upp, to
find out.
graf-alr, m. burin, graver.
grafar-bakki, m. verge of a grave ;
-g0rtS, f. digging of a grave; -loekr, m.
a brook which has dug itself a dee^ bed.
graf-silfr, n. hidden treasure ; -tol,
n. pi. digging tools.
gramendr, m. pi. the angry gods.
gramr, a. wroth, angry (g. e-m) ;
gramir, m. pi., grom (viz. go6), n. pi.
used as snhsi., jie?tds, demojis', (gramir
munu taka l)ik) ; deili grom vi6 J)ik,
the fiends ba?tdy words with thee,
gramr (-s, -ir), m. king, warrior.
grana-hdr, n. whiskers (cf. * gron ')•
grand, n. hurt, injury (gera, vinna,
e-m grand).
granda (at^), v. to injure ^ do harm
(engi grandaSi oSrum).
grand-lauss, a. guileless ; -ligr, a.
dangerous, injurious ; -varr, a. guile-
less ; -veri, f^ guilelessness.
granna, f., granni, m. neighbour.
grann-leikr, m. slenderness ; -leitr,
a. thin-faced ', -ligr, a. sli7n, slender of
build (ungr ok grannligr i. voxt).
grannr, a. thiny slender,
grann-vaxinn, pp. slender, sliyn of
figure (h^r i. voxt ok g.).
gran-rautJr, a. red-bearded; -selr,
m. bearded seal', -sitSr,a. long-bearded \
-stcetSi, n. the bearded part of the face,
the upper Up,
graptar-dagr, m. burial-day ; -kirk-
ja, f. a church with a burying ground \
-reitr, -statSr, m. burial-place.
gras, n. grass, herbage, herb.
grasatSr, pp. prepared with herbs.
gras-dalr, m. grassy dale ; -gartSr,
m. garden ; -geilar, f. ^gtl. grassy lanes;
-gott, a. n. with good crop of grass ;
-grcenn, a. grass-green ; -lauss, a.
grassless ; -leysa, f., -leysi, n. failure
of grass ; -loSinn, a. thick with grass ;
-lotSna, f. grassy spot ; -laegr, a. lying
in the grass ; -mikill, a. rich in grass ;
-roetr, f. pi. roots of herbs or grass ;
-sott, f. grass-fever; -to, f. grassy
spot among cliffs ; -vollr, m. grassy
field', -voxtr, m. growth of grass.
grautar-dili, m. porridge-spot (on
the body) ; -ketill, m. porridge-pot ;
-sott, f. '■porridge-fever^', -trog, n.,
-trygill, vci. porridge-trough ; -J)vara,
f . porridge-stick.
grautr (gen. -ar), m. porridge.
gra-bildottr, a. with grey-spotted
cheeks, of a sheep ; -bjorn, m. grey
bear, opp. to * hvftabjorn ' ; -blar, a.
grey-blue.
grat5a, f. steP', fig. degree.
gratSi, m. gentle breeze.
graSi, m. step, degree = grdSa.
grat5r, m. greed, hunger.
gracSugr, a. greedy (g. ormr).
gra-eygr, 2,. grey-eyed; -gas, f. wild
goose; -klsBddr, pp. ^r<?y-6/«(^ ; -koll-
ottr, a. grey and 7vithout horns ;
-kufl, m. grey cowl; -leikr, x^. malice;
-leitr, a. pale-looking; -liga, adv.
with malice ; -ligr, a. malicious ;
-l5rndr, di.spiteful^malicious ; -munkr,
m. grey friar.
grana (atS), v. to become grey, fig. to
grow rough (tekr at g. gamanit).
gran-stotS, n. stud of grey horses ;
-variSr,pp.^r<?>'-^£7<2/<?(/(ulfar-var6ir).
grar (gra, gratt), 2i.{i)grey (i grdm
kyrtli) ; g. fyrir haerum, grey-haired;
grA-rendr
[171]
GREIP
grdtt silfr, bad silver'^ (2) spiteful^
malicious ; J)6 at i brjosti gratt bui,
although bearing malice in the heart.
gra-rendr, a. grey-striped ; -silfr,
n. grey {bad) silver ; -skinn, n. grey
fur', -skyja^r, a. covered with grey
clouds ; -steinn, m. a grey stone (til
grasteins bins mikla).
grdta (greet ; gr6t, gr6tuiii ; grdt-
inn), V. (i) to weep', g. hdstofum, to
weep aloud \ (2) to bewail, weep for
one (J)u graetr goSan mann).
gratan-ligr, a. tearful.
grat-fagr, a. beautiful in tears ;
-feginn, a. weeping for joy.
gratinn, pp. tearful,
grdt-ligr, a. pitiable, deplorable.
gratr, m. weeping; setr gr^t at e-m,
one bursts into tears.
grat-raust, f. tearfttl voice \ -stokk-
inn, pp. bathed in tears.
grd-vara, f. grey fur (hann hafSi
fengit i. fjallinu mikla grdvoru).
grefta (-fta, -ft), greftra (at$), v. to
bury fgreftraSr at fornum sid).
greioa (-dda, -ddr), \.{\)to unravel,
disentangle, arrange ; g. h^r, to comb
or dress the hair', greiddi hon hdrit
ixi. augum ser, she stroked back the
hair from her eyes ; {1) to make or get
ready (g. segl) ; g. til va6, to get ready
afshing-line ; g. til um vipn, to get the
weapons ready ; (3) /^ speed, further
(g. ferd e-s) ; refl., greiddist honum
vel, it sped well with him, he got on
well', (4) to pay (g. fe af hendi); g.
fram, to pay out ; [S) lo discharge, per-
form ; g. skirslu af hondum, to perform
the ordeal; g. vord, to keep watch ;
g. r66r, to pull at the oars ; g. atroSr,
g. til atlogu, to attack (in a sea-fight) ;
g. mdl, to settle a case.
greio-fara, a. indecl. walking with
speed', -foerr, a. passable, easy to
pass (J)ar var eigi -foert) ; -gengr, a.
= -foerr (eigi er her -gengt).
greiSi, m. (l) disentanglement, ar-
rangement ; gera greifia a mdlinu, to
put the case right', skipaSist Iitt til
greiSa me3 J)eim, nothing was settled
between them ; (2) entertainment, ac-
commodation ; gera e-m greida, to give
one entertainment.
greit$-liga, adv. (i) readily, prompt-
ly ; (2) quite ; -liga berr, completely
stripped ; (3) downright, actually (J)6
at engir menn basri vapn i. mik -liga).
greiS-llgr, a. ( i ) ready, pro?npt ; var
songrinn eigi -ligr, the song did not
go smoothly ; (2) clear, plain (-lig ord).
grei^-maeltr, pp. of ready speech.
greicSr (greitS, greitt), a. (i) clear,
free from obstacles (greid leid, gata);
(2) ready to serve (g66r ok grei6r vi6
alia sina ndgranna).
greiS-skapr, m. (i) readiness^
pro7nptness ; (2) entertainment.
greitSala, f. = greizla.
greifi, m. earl, count.
grein (pi. -ir), f. (i) branch (of a
tree), division ; (2) point, head, part
(1 ollum greinum) ; 1 annarri g., in the
second place ; (3) cause, reason ; fyrir
p^ g., therefore ; (4) distinction ; sjd
g. handa, to discern one's hands ; gera
g. d e-u, to explain ; (5) understanding,
discernment ; gl0ggrar greinar, sharp-
witted ; (6) dissent, discord (var6 mart
til greina me6 J)eim) ; vald fyrir utan
alia g., undisputed {absolute) power.
greina (-da, -dr), v. (i) to divide
into parts (veroldin var greind I t^rjdr
hdlfur) ; {2) to discern, distinguish
(g. gang himintun,i,'la) ; (3) to expound,
tell, record ; sem a3r er greint, as is
told above ; sem siSarr greinir, as will
be told hereafter', (4) impers., menn
(ace.) greinir a, they disagree, quarrel',
(5) refl., greinast, to branch out, be
separated (sva sem tungurnar grein-
dust); g. d e-u, at e-u, to disagree
about', impers., tok at g. me6 J)eim
kumpdnum, they began to quarrel.
greina-mikill, a. sensible, clever.
greinar-laust, a. n. (i) indiscri?nin-
ately ', (2) unconditionally, -mal, n.
reasonable case.
greina-vsenn, a. likely to cause a
difference or dissension.
greini-liga, adv. distinctly ; -ligr,
a. distinct, clear.
greining, f. distinction.
greiningar-vit, n. discernment.
greip (pi. greipr), f. the space between
the thumb and the other fingers (kom
bl65 i. bond f>6ri ok rann upp i. greip-
GHEIZLA
[172]
GRIPR
ina) ; fig., koma, ganga i greipr e-m,
to fall into one's clutches.
greizla, f. payment, discharge.
gremi, f. wrath, anger.
gremja (grem. gramda, gramit), v.
to anger, provoke, exasperate (gremdu
eigi go5 at t)er) ; refl., gremjast e-m,
io be angry with.
gren (gen. pi. grenja), n. lair of a
fox or wolf (sem melrakki i greni).
grenja (at$}, v. to howl, bellow.
grenjan, f. howling, bellowing.
grennast (d), v. refl. to become thin.
grennd, f. vicinity.
grennslast (ac5), v. refl. to inquire.
gren-skoUi, m. a fox in its earth.
grepp-ligr, 2l. frowning, ugly.
greppr (-s, -ar), m. (i) poet, scald \
(2) doughty man.
grepta, greptra, see grefta, greftra.
gres-jarn, n. iron wire.
gretta(-tta, -tt), v., g. sik ^rgrettast,
to frown, make a wry face.
grey (gen. pi. greyja), n. (i) bitch ;
{2) paltry fellow, coward.
grey-baka, f. = grey (i).
greyfa (-Sa, -tSr), v. to bend down
with the face to the ground.
grey-hundr, m. bitch ; -mennaka, f.
paltriness, meanness.
greypa (-ta, -tr), v. to groove.
greypi-liga, adv. fiercely ; -ligr, a.
fierce, fearful.
greyp-leikr, m. fierceness ; -ligr,
a. — greypiligr.
greypr, vl. fierce, fearful.
grey-skapr, m. = -mennska ; -stovS,
n. pack of hounds.
gritJ, n. (i) domicile, home', (2) pi.
truce, peace, pardon, quarter ; setja g.,
to make truce ; segja i sundr gridum,
to dissolve the truce ; lifs g. ok lima,
safety for life and limbs', bei3a (ser)
grifia, to sue for quarter ', beiSa griSa
Baldri fyrir alls konar hdska, to seek
protection for B. against all kinds of
harm ; gefa e-m g., to give one quarter-,
ganga til grida, to accept pardon.
gri^a-brek, n. pi. breach of truce ;
-gjof, f. granting truce ; -lauss, a.
without truce, truceless ; -mark, n.
sign of truce ; -mal, n. pi. truce formu-
laries ; -rof, n. pi. breach of truce ;
-setning, f. truce-making', -statJr, m.
sanctuary, asylum.
grit5-bitr, m. = -niSingr.
gritSi, m. servant.
gritSka, f., gritS-kona, f. housemaid,
female servant.
gritJ-matSr, m. male servant.
gritS-mal, n. pi. = gridamal ; -nitS-
ingr, m. truce-breaker', -sala, f. a
granting truce ; -samr, a. peaceful.
gritSungr (-s, -ar), m. = graQungr.
gritS-vist, f. lodging, home.
Grikkir (gen. -ja), m. pi. Greeks.
Grikk-land,n. G^r«?.?(:<f; Grikklands-
haf, n. the Grecian Archipelago.
grikkska, f. Greek {language).
grikkskr, a. Greek, = girskr.
grimmast (d and acS), v. to chafe, be
furious (g. moti gudi).
grimmd, f. {\) grimness, fierceness ',
(2) =s grimmdarfrost.
grimmdar-frost, n. biting frost;
-hugr, m. hostile mind.
grimm-eygr, a. fierce-eyed; -hug-
a^r, a. in a grim humour; -leikr,
m. savageness, cruelty ; -liga, adv.
fiercely ; hefna -liga, to take a fearful
revenge', -ligr, a. fie?'ce, fearful;
-lundaSr, a. of grim temper.
grimmr, a. (1) grim, stern, dire;
grdta grimmum tdrum, to weep bitter
tears ; g. domr, severe judgemejit', (2)
wroth ; svd var hon grimm orSin
Brjani konungi, at, she hated him so
much, that.
grimm-utJigr, a. ferocious, fierce
(-udigr i skapi).
grind (pi. grindr and grindir), f. (i)
a gate made of spars or bars, a fence ;
(2) ^\. pen, fold (fe byrgt i grindum) ;
fullar grindir, full-stocked folds ;
(3) haven, dock (liggja i grindum, of
ships) ; (4) store-houses.
grind-liliS, n. barred gate,
gripa-autSigr, a. rich in precious
things ; -gjald, n. payment in precious
things ; -kista, f . jewel chest ; -taka,
f. se.zure of property.
grip-deild, f. robbery, rapine.
gripr (-ar, -ir), m. (i) costly thing,
valuable treasure, property \ (2) value,
money s worth ; enn priSja hlut d
hann, l)ann cr mikill g. er i, that is of
amPR
[173j
GRUNN-HYG QINN
great value ; epli l)au, er henni munu
gripir i pykkja, apples which she will
think of g7-eat value.
gripr, m. vulture (rare).
grit5r (gen. -ar), (.giantess.
grima, i. {i) a ki?iTi of covering for
the face or the head, a mask or cowl
(hafa grimu fyrir andliti, d hof6i ser) ;
(2) armour coveri7:g a horse's head
and breast', (3) beak (on a ship) ; (4J
night (poet.).
grimu-matSr, m. a masked or dis-
guised 7)1 an.
gripa (grip ; greip, gripura; grip-
inn), V. (i) to grasp, seize (hann greip
sverQsittokskjold); (2) toseizeupon{%.
goz fyrir monnum) ; (3) with preps., g. i.
e-u, to catch hold of\Y\.. greip a stafni) ;
g. d kylinu, to touch upon a sore place ;
g. til e-s, to seize (g. til sverSsins) ;
greiphundrinntil hans, thedog snapped
at him ; g. upp, to catch up (Loki greip
upp mikla stong) ; g. viQ ordi, to com'
mence speakitig.
grisa-syr, f. a sow with pigs.
griss (gen. griss, pi. grisir), m. (i)
young pig \ {2) hog.
grjar, a. grey (poet., rare).
grjot, n. stones ; verda at grjoti, to
be turned into stones ; bera g. a e-n,
berja e-n grjoti, to stone one.
grjot-berg, n. quarry ; -bjorg, n. pi.
rocks ; -burt5r, m. throwing of stones ;
-flaug, f. stone shower ; -flutning, f.
conveyance of stofies ; -hlaS, n. stone
wall; -holl, m. stone motmd, stone
heap ; -hritS, f. shower of stones ;
-horgr, m. = -holl ; -kast, n. throwi?ig
stones ; -klettr, m. boulder ; -ligr, a.
stony, flinty ; -mol, {.gravel, pebbles ;
-pall, m. in the phr,, vera -pall fyrir
e-u, to be the chief supporter {fuainstay)
of; -skriSa, f. stone-slip ; -smi^r,
xsi. sto7ie-maso7i; -varSi, m. caitn of
st07ies ; -veggr, m. stone wall.
groa (groer, greri, groinn), v. (i)
to grow (of vegetation); j6r3 gicer,
earth g7 ows ; j)a var grand groin
groenum lauki, the grou7id was covered
with green herbs; (2) to grow together,
beco77ie joined to (hofud konun^s var
groit \\h bolinn) ; (3) of wonnds, to be
healed (sar hans greru seint) ; Ingolfr
la i sarum vetr J)enna, ok greri yfir
at kalla, his wou7ids we7-e healed in
a way ; of the person, groinn sdra
sinna, healed of one's wou7ids ; g. um
heilt, to be quite healed; fig. to be
reconciled (gicer um heilt med t)eim).
grotSi, m. growth, increase.
grotSr (gen. -rar, pi. -vox) yVa. growth,
C7-op (biota til gi •65rar).
grotSrar-ligr, 3..fs7't/le; healing.
grotJr-samr, a. fertile ; -setja (see
setja), V. to plant; -vaBnligr, a.
heali7ig (-vsenlig smyrsl).
grof, f . pit.
grom-lauss, a. free fro77i spot,
gromr, m. blot, dirty spot.
grufla (at5), v. to grovel on all-fours.
gruggottr, a. rnuddy, tu7'bid.
gruna (acS), v. (i) to suspect^ mis-
trust (Grettir gruna3i hann) ; vera
grunadr um e-t, to be suspected of;
(2) to doubt (ekki grunum ver illvilja
ydvarn) ; (3) to suppose, guess (gruna
ek, at fjolmenni muni fyrir); (4) im-
pers., mik grunar e-t or um e-t, /
suspect, doubt.
grunan, f. suspecting, suspicio?i.
grun-brusligr, a. suspicious-look-
ing (})u ert g. ma6r).
grund. (pi. -ir)^ i. green field, grassy
plain (d grundinni hj^ f>vera).
grunda (at5j, v. to meditate on,
grundan, f. 77ieditation.
grundr, m. inquiry; gefa (grafa)
grund at e-u, to inquire into.
grund-valla (atS), v. tofou7id; -vollr,
m. ground for a buildi7ig (marka -voll
til huss, kiikju); foundation; reisa
hus af -velii, to 77iake a building from
the gro7ind.
grun-lauss, a. unsuspecting; trua
gu3i -laust, to put absolute faith in
God; vera -lauss af e-u, to be un^
suspected, above suspicion ; -maurar,
m. pi., only in the phrase, e-n bita
-maurar, one suspects.
grunn, n. shallow^ shoal; roa i. g.,
to run agrou7id.
grunn-eygcSr, a. goggle-eyed; -fall,
n. a breaker on a shodl; -fastr, ^..fast
agrou7id; -foeri, n. pi. ancho7-tackle,
cable ; draga upp -foeri, to weigh
anchor; -hygginn, a. shallow-77iindid^
GRUNN-HYGNI
[174]
GR<3SUGR
silly \ -hygni, f. silliness \ -leitr, a.
thin-faced.
grunnr (-s, -ar), m. bottom (of sea
or water) ; til grunns, til grunna,
down to the bottom ; ganga d grunn,
to come to an end (fig.).
grunnr (grynnri, grynnstr), a.
shallow ; standa grunnt, to be shallow
(vindtta okkur stendr grunnt).
grunn-stiglat5r, pp. hard frozen ;
-ssei, f. simplicity^ credulity ; -saeliga,
adv. foolishly ; -ssBligr, a. foolish ;
•stBVt^.shalloW'Witted,f)olish ; -ssBvi,
n. shallow water '^ -uoigr, a. shal-
low-minded ; -yt5gi, f. shallowness of
mind, credulity.
grunr (-ar, -ir), m. suspicion, doubt,
uncertainty (e-m er grunr d e-u) ;
grafa grun d (um e-t), to suspect ; hafa
grun i. e-m um e-t, to suspect o?ie of a
thing ; e-m leikr grunr a um e-t, one
feels suspicious about a thing ; draga
gruni a um e-t, to conceive a suspicion
of\ renna grunum a e-t, to doubt, to
guess at ; bua um grun, to be suspected.
grun-samligr, a. suspicious-looking ;
-samr, a. suspected [hdiidi e-n -saman) ;
-semd, f. suspicio7t.
grunsemdar-lauss, a. free from
suspicion.
griifa (-tSa, -t), v. to grovel^ to cower
or crouch dowti (hann grufSi at eldi-
num ; J)eir grufa i skjoldu sina).
griifa, f., in the phrase, liggja a gnifu,
to lie face down, on one's belly.
gryfja, f. hole, pit.
grynna (-ti, -t), v. impers. to become
shallower', grynnir dalinn, the dale
became less deep ; refl., grynnast =
grynna (J)d er grynntist yfir at landinu).
gryfi-liga, adv. hideously.
gryjandi, f. daw?i (rare).
gryla, f. {\) giantess', (2) bugbear
(ekki hirfii ek um grylur ySrar).
gryta (-tta, -ttr), v, {\) to stone one
to death (g. e-n 1 hel, til bana) ; (2) g.
a e-n, at e-m, to pelt one with stones.
gryta, f. pot.
gryting, f. stoning (to death).
gryttr, a. stony.
grytu-ker, n. earthen pot.
greets, f. malice, hostility {=gxi\t\\ix).
graeSgi, f. greediness, gluttony.
graeska, f. malice (= grseS).
groeSa (-dda, -ddr), v. (i) to make
grow, (2) to heal (g. sdr, g. sjuka) ;
(3) /^ increase', g. fe, to make money ;
refl., vindrinn groeddist, the wind in-
creased', groeSist e-m i6, peningar one
makes money.
grcetSari, m. healer, saviour.
grcE^i-ligr, a. healable.
groetSing, f. (i) growth, increase
(byrr var i grceSingu) ; (2) healing,
cure (g. sotta ; andlig g.).
grcBfr, 2.. fit to be buried.
groenast (-d), v. to become green
(groenist jorS).
groen-fainn, 2i.. green-stained.
groen-leikr, m. greefiness, ve^-dure.
Grcen-lendingr, m. Greenlander.
grcsn-lenzkr, a. of or belonging to
Greenland (Greenland).
grcenn, a. (i) green (g. sem gras) ;
{2) fresh (g. fiskr) ; iz) good, ft', sd
mun nu groenstr {the most hopeful
choice) at segja satt.
groen-to, f. ttift of grass', -tyrfa
(-tSa, -t5r), v. to cover with green turf
groeta (-tta, -ttr), v. to make one
weep, distress one ; grcEttr, grieved.
groeti, n. pi. tears, sorrow,
groeti-ligr, a. lamentable, sad.
groetir, m. one who makes another
weep (gygjar g.).
grof (gen. grafar ; pi. grafir and
grafar), f. (i) pit, ditch (grafa g.) ;
(2) grave ; J)at mein leiddi hann til
grafar, caused his death.
groftr (gen. graftar and graftrar,
dat. grefti and greftri), m. (i) dig-
ging (vera at grefti) ; (2) burial,
interment ; veita e-m groft, to bury ;
{l)tomb', {^) carving.
gron (gen. granar, pi. granar), f. (i)
the hair on the upper lip, moustache
(svd ungr, at eigi mun g. sprottin) ;
(2) up ; legSu munn vi6 g., lay thy
mouth to his lips ; e-m breg6r vd.
fyrir g., one is startled, alarmed',
bregma gronum, to draw back the
lips, grin ; in pi. the lips of a cow
or bull.
gron (gen. granar), f. pine-tree.
groptr (gen- graptar), m. = groftr.
grosugr, a. grassy, grass-grown.
auD
[175]
QUNISTAR-GJARN
gu^S, m. (and n.), Go^.
gutSdom-ligr, a. god-like^ divine.
gutS-domr, m. godhead^ divinity ;
-dottir, f. god'diughter \ -fatSir, m.
godfather ; -gefinn, pp. given by
Gody inspired \ -hrseddr, a. god-
fearing ; -hraBzla, f. fear of God ;
-lasta (atS), v. io blaspheme ; -lastan,
f. blasphemy ; -latr, a. ungodly ;
-leysi, n. godlessness ; -ligr, a. ^y^f-
//■/^^, divine ; -magn, n. = goSmagn ;
-nioingr, m. traitor to God, apostate,
renegade.
gutSnit5ing-skapr, m. apostasy.
gutS-rettligr, a. righteous] -rsBkiligr,
-raekr, a. ungodly ; -rcBkiliga, adv.
piously ; -roekinn, a. pious ; -sifi
(gen. -sifja), m. ^ gossip \ godfather \
-siQar, f. pi. spiritual relationship,
sponsorship ; veita e-m -sifjar, to be
a sponsor {godfather) to.
gutSs-log, n. pi. the canon law (halda
-log ok landsins).
gutS-spjall, n. gospel \ -spjalligr,
a. evangelical.
guCvefjar-klaB^i, n. pi. a suit of
clothes made ^y gudvefr ; -kjrrtill, m.,
-skikkja, f. kirtle ^/"guSvefr.
gutS-vefr, m. a costly fabric used for
garments, etc. ; \ velvet.
gufa, f. V'vpoiir, steam.
gugna (ao), v. to lose heart, quail.
gul, n. gentle breeze, = gol.
gula, f. (i) = gola ; (2) = gulusott.
gul-brunatSr, 2i.yelloW'-bro'wn ; -grar,
a. yellozu-grey ; -groGnn, a. yellow-
green (i gulgroenum kyrtli).
gull, n. [i) gold', (2) = fingrgull.
gull-aldr, m. golden age ; -autSigr,
a. rich in gold ; -aut5r, m. wealth in
gold', -band, n. golden head-band;
-baugr, m. gold ring', -bitlatSr, a.
golden-bitted', -bitull, m. bit {bridle)
of gold; -bjartr, a. bright as gold;
-boka (aS), v. to embroider in gold;
-bola, f. ( I ) gold boss ; (2) golden bull
(bulla aurea) ; -brsmja, {.golden coat
of mail ; -buinn, pp. ornamented
with gold; -bollr, m. golden ball;
-ddlkr, m. gold pin ; -festr, f. gold
chain ; -fjallatSr, pp. embroidered in
gold; -gotSr, a. of pure gold; -gorr,
a. made of gold; -hagr, a. skilled in
working gold; -hdlsar, m. pi. gold'
necks, lordlings ; -harr, a. golden-
haired; 'hella,, {. bar of gold; -hjalt,
n. gold hilt ; -hjalmr, m. golden hel-
met; -hlatJ, n. gold lace (esp. to tie
up the hair with) ; -hla^inn, pp.
laced with gold; -hringr, m. gold
ring; -hSxa, n. Jewel-chest ; -hjn^ndr,
a. golden-horned.
gullin-bursti, m.gold-tnane ; -hjalti,
m. golden-hilt (a sword with a hilt of
gold) ; -kambi, m. gold comb.
gullinn, a. golden.
gull-knappr, m. gold button ; gold
knob; -kxi\x.tv,vi\. gold knot ; -korona,
{.golden crown ; -leggja (see leggja),
V. to lace with gold ; -ligr, a. golden,
of gold; -mal, n. inlaid figure of
gold ; -men, r\. gold necklace ; -miSl-
andi, m. distributor of gold ; -nisti,
n. gold pin ; -ofinn, pp. gold-woven ;
-rekinn, pp. inlaid with gold (-rekit
spjot) ; -vender, 3.. gold-striped; -rit-
inn, pp. written in gold; -rotSinn,
pp. ^/7/; -saumatSr, pp. embroidered
with gold; -settr, ^^. gold-7nounted;
-skillingr, m. gold shilling ; -skot-
Inn, pp. woven with gold; -skor,
m. gold shoe ; -smeittr, pp., -smeltr,
pp. gold-enamelled (of a shield) ;
-smitSr, m. goldsmith ; -smit5, f.
goldsmith'' s work, working in gold;
-spann, m. (i) gold 07'nament (on
ships) ; (2) gold spoon ; -sproti, m.
gold sceptre ; -stafatSr, pp. gold-
striped; -stafr, m. golden letter;
-steindr, pp. gilt ; -stong, f. bar of
gold ; -sylgja, f. gold brooch ; -tafia,
f. golden piece (used in playing) ;
-teinn, m. golden rod; -valitSr, pp.
wound with gold ; -veggr, m. golden
wall; -vit5jar, f. pi. gold withies;
-vondr, m. golden wa7id.
gulr, 3. yellow (gult silki).
gul-rendr, a. gold-striped, ,
gulu-sott, f. jau7idice. '
gumi (pi. gumar), m. man (poet.).
gumnar, m. pi. men (poet.) ; gumna
synir, the sons of fnen.
gumpr, m. bottojti , funda7nent.
gumsa (atS), v. to scoff at, 7}iock.
gunnar-fuas, -gjarn, a. eager for
battle.
GUNlSr-FANI
[176]
GCEBINGR
gunn-fdni, m. ^ gonfanon\ war-
banner ; processional banner.
gunn-heilagr, a. invulnerable ;
-hvatr, a. warlike.
gunnr (gen. -ar, dat. and ace. -i),
f. war, battle (poet.).
gunn-tamitSr, pp. used to war.
guss, n. ficss\ gussa (acS), v. to
make fuss and noise.
gusta (atSj, V. to blow in gusts.
gust-illr, a. having foul breath ;
-kaldr, a. gusty, chilly (veQrit var
giistkalt) ; -mikill, a. gusty.
gustr, m. (i) gust', (2) smell.
GytSinga-land, n. Palestine ; -skirn,
f. circioncision.
gySing-ligr, a. Jewish.
GytSingr (-s, -ar), m. Jew.
gyt5ja, f. (i) goddess ; (2) priestess.
gylfra, f. (ij ogress, witch; (2) er
J)at helzt viQ ordi, at gylfrum gangi
vindttan, it is rumour-ed that your
ff'iendship is all gone to the dogs.
gylla (-da, -dr and -ta, -tr), v. to
gild', g. holi, to flatter.
gylling, f. {i) gilding ; (2) pi. vain
praise (fara meS gyllingar).
gylta, f ., gyltr, f. young sow.
gymbill, m. he-latnb.
gymbr (gen. -rar), f. ewe-lamb.
gyrtSa (-t5a, -Sr), v. (i) to gird
(with a belt) ; g. sik, to gird oneself,
fasten one's belt (cf. gyror i brcekr);
g. sik me6 sverSi, to gird on a sword ;
(2) to s^irth (g. best, g, sodul).
gyrcSill, m. (i) girdle', (2) purse
(hon let fdit i gyrSiiinn).
gyija, V. to staiti with blood.
gys, n., gyss, m. mocking ; gera gys
at e-u, to mock at a thing.
gyzki, m. wonder (rare).
gygi^ (gen. -jar, pi. -jar), f. giantess,
hag (J)ar bjo ein gygrj.
gsBfa, f. good luck ; bera gsefu til e-s,
to have luck in a thing.
gflBfr, a. quiet, meek ; l)at er mdr ok
gaefast, that is most pleasant to me.
gSBfu-dijugr, a. lucky ; -fdtt, a. n.,
e-m er -fdtt, one has little luck ;
-hlutr, m. share of good luck ; -lauss,
a. luckless ; -leysi, n. lucklessness ;
-matSr, m. lucky man ; -mannligr,
a. as a lucky man ; -mikill, a. having
great luck; -munr, m. difference in
luck ; -raun, f. trial of luck ; -sam-
liga, adv. luckily ; -samligr, a.
lucky ; -skipti, n. turn or change
of luck ; -skortr, m. want of luck ;
-vant, a. n. wanting in luck.
gaBgjast (5), V. refl. to bend eagerly
forward and peep.
gser, adv. only with the prep. /; (i)
yesterday (var-a J)at nu ne i gaer) ;
(2) poet, to-morrow (t^ott nu edr i
gccr deyjum).
gaera, f. sheepskin with the wool on.
gaer-dagr, m. yesterday ; -kveld,
n. yesterday evening.
gfflta (-tta, -tt), V. [i) to watch, take
care of, guard, with gen. ; g. skoklaeSa
e-s, to take care of one's shoes ; g.
dura i hollinni, to guard the door of
the hall ; g. kua, hesta, to tend cows,
horses ; g. doma, to observe justice ;
g. radsins, to take heed to the advice ;
g. til e-s, to mind, take care of, attend
to (sva gasttu J^eir til, at ekki var5 at) ;
(2) refl., ok um pat gaettust, and took
counsel together.
gaeti-liga, adv. heedfully,
gaBtinn, a. heedful, wary.
gastir, m. keeper, warder.
gaetti, n. door-frame, door-post ;
hur5 var i. g., the door was ajar.
gaBtur, f. pi., hafa g. i. e-u, gefa g.
at e-u, to take care of, mind.
gaazla, f. watch, keeping.
gaezlu-engill, m. guardian angel \
-lausa, a. unguarded; -maSr, m.
keeper ; -sott, f. an illness which in-
volves watching over the patient.
gcetSa (-dda, -ddr), v. (i) to endow ^
enrich (g. e-n i€ ok virdingu) ; {1) to
increase ; g. ras, fer3, to quicken the
pace ; g. roSrinn, to quicken the stroke,
pull quicker ; adding the prep, d ; sva
mikit gceddi J)etta a, it increased so
much, went to such a pitch ; var pd
nokkuru heimskari en dSr, ef i. mdtti
g., sillier, if possible, than before.
goeSa-lauss, a. void of good things^
barrc7i (goeSalaust land).
goeSi, n. pi. good or prof table things ^
boons, etnoluments.
goeSingr (-s, -ar), m. nobleman,
chief {konMugt: ok hans gceSingar).
GCEIj
[177]
G0RA, G0IIVA
gcel, n. = goelingar-or5.
goela (-da. -dr), v. to comfort, soothe
(ver6 ek mik goela).
gcBling, f. soothing', goslingar-orS,
n. pi. soothing words.
gcEzka, f. ( I ) goodness^ kindness ;
(2) good things ( = goeSi).
goezku-fullr, a. full of goodness,
merciful ; -lauss, a. merciless ; -sam-
ligr, 2i. good, kind', -verk, n. charit-
able deed.
gofga (a5), V. (i) to worship (g.
go6) ; (2) to honour Ig. drottins-dagj.
gofgan, f. worshipping.
gofgari, m. worshipper.
gofug-kvendi, n. noble woman,
lady ; -latr, a. worshipful, generous ;
-leikr, m. worshipfulness, highness;
-ligr, a. (i ) worshipful, noble-lookittg ;
(2) magnificent (-ligr sta6r) ; -menni,
n. noble, worshipful man ; -mennr,
a. with many worshipful men,
gofugr (gofgari, gofgastr), a. noble,
worshipful (g. at kyni).
g0gn, g0gnum, see ' gegn, gegnum'.
goltr (gen. galtar, dat. gelti; pi.
geltir), m. boar, hog.
gong, n. "(^X. passage (or kastala voru
gong upp i kirkju).
gongu-drykkja, f. drinking-bout ;
-foeri, n. = gang-foeri ; -foerr, a. able
to walk ; -kona, f. vagrant woman ;
-liS, n. (i) footmen, infantry, (2)
help, assistance.
gongull, a. running much about.
gongu-matSr, a. beggar, vagrant;
-mannliga, adv. beggarlike, beggarly,
-sveinn, m. vagrant, tramp.
g0r, n. "^Q^X. flock.
g0ra, g0rva (-5a, -t^r, and gorr),
V. _(i) to ynake, construct, build (g. hus,
skip, haug) ; g. bok, to write a book ;
(2) to set in order, prepare, perform,
&:c. ; g. veizlu, to tnake a banquet;
g. seiS, blot, to perfo7'm a sacrifice ;
g. fer6, to fnake a journey ; g. raS
sitt, to make up one's mind; g. ra6
me6 e-m, to take counsel with, advise
one ; (3) to contract (g. vinattu, felag-
skap) ; (4) to grant, render ; g. kost,
to give a choice ; (5) with ace. of an
adj. ; g. sik likan e-m, to make oneself
like to, imitate one ; g. sik re 13 an, to
ICEL. DICT.
take offence; g. skjot-korit, to make
a quick choice ; (6) to do, act ; g. gott
(illt), to do good {evil) ; hefir hann
marga hluti gort stor-vel til min, /
have received tnany great benefits at
his hands; g. e-m gagn, to give help
to one; (7) to do, avail; pat mun
ekki g., that won't do ; ekki g0rir at
dylja, it is no use denying it; (8) to
send, dispatch (hann g0rdi pegar menn
fra ser) ; (9) to beget (af henni g0rdi
hann hinn fyrsta soninn) ; (10) to
judge or arbitrate in a case (= g.
um mdl) ; to fix the amount of a fine
(g0r6i Njall hundraS silfrs) ; g. ser
e-t, to adjudge to oneself; (11) with
infin. as an auxiliary verb ; ef hon
g0r6i koma, if she did come ; g0rdit
hon hjufra, she did not wail; (12)
impers. one becomes ; hann g0r5i fol-
van, he turned pale ; ve6r g0r6i
hvast, a gale arose ; hri6 mikla g0r6i
at jDeim, they were overtaken by a
storm ; mer g0rir svefnhofugt, I grow
sleepy; (13) with preps., g. mikit af
ser, to distinguish oneself; g. e-t af
e-m, to extort {take) frotn one ; g. e-t
af vi6 e-n, to wrong a person, trans-
gress against one (ek hefi engan hlut
af gort vi6 pik) ; g. g66an (mikinn)
rom at mdli e-s, to cheer {praise)
another* s speech ; g. at e-u, to metid,
put right (tekr hann knif ok g0rir
at skonum) ; to heali^2JcmX J)u nokkut
g. at slikum meinum) ; hann g0r6i
J)at eina at, er hann ^tti, he did only
what he ought ; slikt g0rir at, er solin
etr, so it happens when one eats sea-
weed; g. at skapi e-s, to conform to
one's wishes ; g. at alitum, to take
into consideration ; g. ser ugetit at
e-u, to be displeased with ; g. a hluta
e-s, to wrong one, do haryn to ; g.
fdleika i. sik, to make oneself look
sad; g. eptir e-m, to send for one;
g. e-t eptir, to imitate; g. rad fyrir
e-u, to suppose ; g. s6r mikit (litit)
fyrir, to make great {small) efforts ;
g. ser e-t hug, to resolve, plan ; g.
ser gott hug, to be easy in fnind;
g. milli (d, m.) e-rra, to decide be-
tween ; g. til e-s, to make prepara-
tions for ; g. e-t til, to prepare, make
N
GdR-BCENN
[178]
HAF
ready ^ dress meat; g. til e-s, fo de-
serve a thing ; hvat hafSir J)u til gort,
ivkat hadst thotc done to deserve it ? ;
g. soemdir til e-s, to confer honour
upon one\ g. til saka vi5 e-n, to
transgress against one\ g. urn mal,
to arbitrate in a case (paer ur6u
milalyktir, at {>6r6r skyldi g. urn) ;
g. mikit um sik, to make a great
noise \ g. sdr mikit um e-t, to make
much of, ad?nire ; g. upp, to rebuild^
restore (g. upp hus, skala) ; g. e-n
upp, to upset one; g. e-n utan, to
banish, exile (Flosi var gorr utan) ;
g. e-t vi6 e-n, to do with one (pd var
um roett, hvat vi5 J)d skyldi g.) ; g.
vi6 e-u, to preve7tt\ (14) refl., g0rast,
to become, arise (jDa gordist hXiXr) ; sa
atburSr gorSist, it came to pass ; gorS-
ist me6 J)eim felagskapr, they entered
into fellowship ; gorast konungr, to
become king; svd g0r6ist, at, it so
happened, that; impers., nassta g0rist
mer kynligt, / feel rather uneasy ;
g0rast ferSar sinnar, to set out for
a jotirney ; with infin., ix var J)at er
GuQrun gordist at deyja, was nigh to
death ; g. i, to occur, happen (sogQu
peir konungi, hvat i hafdi gorzt) ; g.
til e-s, to set about doing (l)essir menn
hafa gorzt til svd mikils storroedis).
gor-boenn, a. beggitig hard, impor-
tunate (g0rast g. vio e-n).
g0r5, f. (i) making, building; (2)
doing, act, deed ; ord ok g0r5ir, words
and deeds; (3) arbitration, award;
leggja mdl f g., to submit a case to
arbitration ; taka menn til g0r6ar, to
choose umpires ; segja or luka upp g.,
to deliver the arbitration.
g0r$ar-ma$r, m. umpire,
gor-farinn, pp. quite gone, quite lost ;
-hugall, a. very heedful, mindful.
gorla, adv. quite, fully (vita g.).
gorn (pi. garnarandgarnir),f.^«/.
gorning, f. doing, deed.
g0rninga-hrit5, f. a storm raised by
witchcraft ; -matSr, m. sorcerer.
g0rnmgar, f. pi. %uitchcraft, sorcery.
g0rninga-s6tt, f. sickness caused by
sorcery; -stakkr, m. enchanted jacket;
-veSr, n. = -hri6 ; -vsBttr, f. witch.
g0rningr, m. = g0rning.
gorr, g0rr, gerr (ace. gorvan), a.
and pp. (i) skilled, accomplished {y^\
at ser g.) ; leggja gorva hond i. e-t,
to be an adept, a master in a thing ;
(2) ready, willing (g. gull at bjoda) ;
with gen., g. ills hugar, prone to evil ;
skulut J)ess gorvir, be ready for that!
(3) sv^ gort, so done, so ; verSa menn
J)at svd gort at hafa, it must be so ;
at svd gorvu, this being the case.
g0rr, adv. compar., g0rst, adv.
superl. 7nore, most fully.
gor-rteSi, n. arbitrary act; -sam-
liga, adv. altogether, quite.
g0r-semi, -simi (pi. -semar), f.
costly thing, jewel, treasure; -sim-
ligr, a. costly.
gor-tceki, n. unlawful seizttre of
another Juan's property.
g0rva, V. = gera, g0ra.
gorva (g0rva, gerva), adv. quite,
clearly ; muna g. to remember clearly ;
ef I)u g. kannar, if thou search closely;
cf. g0rr, g0rst.
gorv-allr, a. entire, whole.
g0rvi (pi. g0rvar), {.gear, apparel;
-biir, n. store-house.
g0rvi-leikr, m. acco7npiishments ;
-ligr, a. accomplished, doughty.
gotu-breidd, f. breadth of a road ;
-leysi, n. pathless tract; -nisti, n.
provisions for a journey ; -skar 5, n.
a defile with a path throtcgh it,
gotva (ac5), V. to bury.
gotvatSr, m. slayer (.?).
hadda, f. pot-hook, pot-handle.
hadd-bjartr, a. light-haired, =
bjart-haddadi ; -blik, n. bleaching
the hair.
haddr (-s, -ar), m. a lady's hair,
hat5na, f. a young she-goat.
haf, n. the sea, esp. the high sea,
ocean ; sigla (Mta) f h., sigla d h. ut,
HAP
[179]
HAFA
to put to sea ; hann do i hafi, he died
at sea.
haf, n. lifting (ulikligr til hafs).
hafa (hefi ; haf 5a, hof t$um ; haf Sr),
V. (i) to have (l)eir hofdu sjau skip ok
flest stor) ; h. elda, to keep up ajire ;
(2) to hold, celebrate (h. vinaboS, blot,
J)ing) ; (3) to keep, retain (rifu J)asr
vefinn { sundr, ok hafdi hverr pat er
belt d) ; (4) to use (tvau net eru ny,
ok hafa eigi hold verit) ; orS J)au sem
hann haffii um haft, which he had
made use of] h. fagrmaeli vi6 e-n,
to flatter one \ h. hljodmaeli vi6 e-n,
to speak secretly to one ; h. tvimasli i.
e-u, to speak doubtfully of a thing ;
h. vifirmseli um e-t, to use mocking
words ; hann var mjok hafSr vi6 mdl
manna, much used to, versed in, law-
suits', (5) to have, hold, maintain',
h. vinattu vi6 e-n, to maintain friend-
ship with one ; h. hasttumikit, to run
a great risk ; h. heilindi, to have good
health ; (6) to bring, carry ; h. e-n
heim me6 ser, to bring one home',
hann hafdi log ut hingat or Noregi,
he brought laws hither froin Norway ;
h. sik {to betake oneself) til annara
landa ; (7) to take, carry off', troll
hafi J)ik, the trolls take thee', (8) to
get, gain, wifi ; hann hafSi eigi svefn,
he got no sleep ; hefir sa jafnan, er
hcettir, he wins that venttires ; h.
gagn, sigr, to gaifi victory, h. meira
hlut, to get the upper hand, gain the
day ; h. betr (verr), to get t/ie better
{worse) of it ; h. sitt mdl, to win one's
suit ; h. tafl, to win the game ; h.
erendi, to do one's errand, succeed',
h. bana, to suffer death, to die; h.
usigr, to be worsted', h. godar vi6-
tokur, to be well received', h. ti'Qindi
af e-m, to get tidings of, or from,
one\ h. soemd, ovirOing af e-m, to
get honour, disgrace from one ; with
gen., h. e-s ekki, to fail to catch one
(hann kemst i. skog undan, ok hofQu
peir bans ekki) ; ekki munu ver bans
h. at sinni, we shall not catch hifn at
present', (9) to wear, carry (clothes,
weapons) ; hann hafSi bMn kyrtil, he
wore a blue kirtle ; h. kylfu i hendi \for that, it is a false charge', h
ser, /<« have a club in one's hand;\iynT sokum um e-t, to charge
{10) to behave, do, or fare, so and so>,
esp. with an adv. ; h. vel, ilia, betr,
verr, to behave {do) well, badly, better,
worse ; hafa sik vel, to behave well',
hafa vel, to be well off or happy ; h.
hart, to be in a wretched plight', (11)
with infin., h. at varSveita, to have in
keeping ; h. at selja, to have on sale ;
log hariS t)er at masla, you are right ;
(12) h. e-n nasr e-u, to expose one to
(J)u hafdir sva nser haft oss lifoeru) ;
h. nasr e-u, to come near to, esp.
impers. ; nasr hafSi okkr nu, it was
a narrow escape ; svd nasr haf6i haus-
inum, at, the shot so nearly touched
the head, that', ok er nasr hafdi, at
skipit mundi fljota, when the ship
was on the point of floating', (13) as
an auxiliary verb, in the earliest time
with the pp. of transitive verbs in ace;
hefir J)u hamar um folginn, hast thou
hidden the hammer f ; ek hefi sendan
mann, I have sefit a man ; later with
indecl. neut. pp. ; hefir J)u eigi set
mik, hast thou not seen me?', (14)
with preps. ; h. e-t at, to do, act ;
hann tok af J)er konuna, en J)u hafSir
ekki at, but thou didst not stir, didst
take it tamely ; absol., viltu t)ess
freista, ok vita hvat at hafi, wilt thoit
try and see what happens f ; h. e-n
at hlifiskildi (skotspoeni), to use one
as a shield {as a target) ; h. e-n at
ha3i, hlatri, to mock, laugh at ; h. e-t
at engu, vettugi, to hold for naught,
take no notice of; h. sakir a e-n, to
have charges against one ; h. a ras,
to take to one's heels, run off; h. e-t
eptir, to do or repeat a thing after
one; h. e-t fram, to produce (vapn
f>orgils voru fram hofd) ; to carry
out, hold forth ; h. mal fram, to pro-
ceed with a suit ; var um buit, en
ekki fram haft, all was 7nade ready,
but nothing done', h. e-t frammi, i
frammi, to use, make use of (h. i
frammi kugan) ; ok oil logmast skil
frammi hafa, and discharge all o?ie's
official duties; h. e-t fyrir satt, to
hold for true ; eigi em ek Jjar fyrir
sonnu hafdr, / am not truly aimed at
e-n
one
HAPAINTDI
[180]
HAGA
with ; h. 1 hotum vi3 e-n, to threaten
one ; h. e-t meS hondum, to have in
ha7td\ hofum eigi sigrinn or hendi,
let not victory slip out of our hands ;
h. 6r vi3 e-n, to behave so and so
towards one (hefir J3u ilia or haft vi6
mik) ; h. e-t til e-s, to use for (hofSu
{)eir til varnar skot ok spjot) \ to be a
reason or ground for \ ver hyggjum
pat til t)ess haft vera, at l)ar hafi
menn sezt, ive believe the foiindatioti
of the story is that men have been seen
there ; h. mikit (litit) til sins mals, to
have much {little) ifi support of one's
case ; h. e-t til, to have at hand,
possess ; or3 J^au, sem hann hafSi
um haft, the ivo?'ds zvhich he had
used; keisari hafSi fatt um, did not
say much ; h. e-n undir, to get one
tindery subdue one; h. e-t uppi, to
take {heave) up (h. uppi fceri, net) ;
SkarpheSinn haf6i uppi 0xina, 5.
heaved up the axe; h. flokk uppi, to
raise a party , to rebel ; h. uppi tafl,
to play at a game ; h. e-n uppi, to
bring one to light; h. uppi roedur, to
begin a discussion ; h. e-t uti, to have
done, finished (h. liti sitt dagsverk) ;
h. vi3 e-m, to be a match for one; h.
sik vi6, to exert oneself; h. mikit
(litit) vi3, to make a great [little) dis-
play ; hann song messu ok hafSi mikit
vi6, and made much of it; hann baS
jarl leita, hann hafSi litit vi3 J)at, he
did it lightly ; haf ekki slikt vid, do
not say so ; haf J)u litit vid at eggja
sonu I)ina, refrain from egging on
thy sons; (15) refl., hafast, to dtuell,
abide ; J)eir hofSust mjok i ferSum,
they spent much of their life in travel-
ling; hafast vel, to do welly thrive
(vaxa ok vel h.) ; h. at, to do ; Lambi
sa hvat Steinarr hafdist at, what he
was doing; h. vi3, to dwell, stay (her
mun ek vi6 hafast) ; h. vel vi3, to bear
•oneself well up ; h. or3 vi5, to speak
to one another.
hafandi, pr. p. being with child.
haf-bara, f. wave ; -fugl, m. sea-
bird ; -fcerandi, pr. p. sea-going, sea-
'worthy ; -ger^ingar, f. pi. tremendous
waves ; -gjalfr, n. roar of the sea ;
•gola, f. sea-breeze; -gufa, f. mgr-
maid ; -hallt, adv. standing seawards ;
-hrutr, m. sea-ram; -iss, m. drift
ice ; -kaldr, a. cold as the sea ; -leic5,
f. standing seawards ; stefna -lei3, to
stand seawards ; -leitSis, adv. sea-
zvards ; -ligr, a. marine.
hafna (at5), v. to forsake, abandon^
with dat. (h. fornum si6, blotum ok
heidnum go3um) ; kyr hafna6i atinu,
the cow left off eati7ig.
hafnan, f. abandomnentj forsaking
(h. heimsins, veraldar).
hafnar-dyrr, f. pi. entrance of a
haven (hofn).
hafnar-feldr, m. a shaggy cloak for
everyday use.
hafnar-mark, -merki, n. harbour
jnark ; -tollr, m. harbour toll.
hafnar-vatSmal, -vaS, n. plain stiff.
hafn-borg, f. sea borough, sea~p07't.
haf-nest, n. provisions for a voyage.
hafn-leysa, f., -leysi, n. harbour less
coast ; -ligr, a. harbour-like.
hafr (-rs, -rar), m. he-goat , buck,
hafr-belgr, m. = -staka.
haf-rek, n. wreck, jetsatn ; -reka, a.,
-rekinn, pp. tossed or driven about
on the sea.
hafr-staka, f. goafs skin.
haf-rcetSr, a. sea-worthy (hafroeSr
sex^ringr).
hafs-botn, m. gulf (firSir ok hafs-
botnar) ; -geil, f. sea-lane.
haf-skip, n. a sea - going ship ;
-skrimsl, n. sea-monster.
hafs-megin, n. the main, high sea.
haf-stormr, m. storm at sea ;
-strambr, m.. fabulous sea-monster.
haft, n. (i) bond, chain; esp. pi.,
hoft, fetters ; sitja i hoftum, to be in
fetters; halda e-n i hoftum, to keep
one i7i bonds ; (2) pi., hoft, gods.
hafta, f. fe77iale prisoner^ bond-
W07nan (h. ok hernuma).
haftr, m. 7nale prisoner, bondman.
haf-tyrt$ill, m. little auk ; -velktr,
pp. sea-tossed; -vitSri, sea-breeze;
-villa, f. loss of one's course at sea ;
-vUlr, a. having lost one's course at sea.
haga (atS), v. (i) /^ 7nanage, arrange,
with dat. (sva skulu ver h. inngongu
vorri) ; fenu var hagat til gaezlu, the
money was taken into keeping; with
HAGA-BEIT
[181]
HALDA
adv., hvernig skulum v^r J)d til h.,
how shall we arrarjge it ; h. sva til,
at, to arrange or contrive it so that ;
h. e-m til e-s, to turn^ out so and so
for one (J)at hagaQi Olafi til mikils
harms); (2)/^ suit^ be suitable (skip
me3 t)eim farmi, sem ek veit vel hagar
til islands).
haga-beit, f. grazing ; -gartSr, m.
fence round a pasture-field.
hag-fa3tr, a. grazing constantly on
the same pasture ; -fatt, a. n. short of
grazing (mdlnytu ver6r -fitt).
hag-feldr, a. meet, fit, suitable (ek
mun per h. ; hagfelt erindi).
hagi, m. pasture, field for grazing ;
var hestum h. fenginn, the horses were
put out to grass.
hag-jor(5, {.pasture land.
hag-keypi, n. good bargain.
hagl, n. hail; -hritS,/. hailstorm.
hag-leikr, m. skill in handicraft.
hagleiks-g0rtS, i.fine workmanship ;
-matSr, ni. hajidicraftsman, artist.
hag-liga, adv. skilfully, handily,
neatly, -ligr, a. (i) skilful, handy,
neat ; (2) fit, proper, convenient.
hagl-korn, n., -steinn, m. hail-
stone ; -vindr, m. hail-storm.
hag-myrr, f. pasture marsh.
hag-meeltr, a. well-spoken.
hagna (at5), v. to be meet for one ;
hvarum ykkrum hefir betr hagnat,
which of you has had the best luck f
hagna^r (gen. -ar), m. advantage.
hag-nyta (-tta, -ttr), v. to fnake use
of, have profit of
hagr, a. handy^ skilful (h. maSr d
tie ok jdrn).
hagr (-3, -ir), m. (i) state, condition,
affairs (hvat er nu um hagi {)ina ?) ;
(2) means (ef hann hefir eigi hag til at
fcera {)au fram) ; (3j favour, advan-
tage ; i hag e-m, /<? one''s advantage ;
at hogum, suitably.
hag-raS, n. opportunity, -ra$r, a.
giving wise cowisel ; -ree^a (-raedda,
-rae'-t), v. to put right (fyrir ser) ;
-rae^i, n. service (gcra e-m -rasSi) ;
-skeytr, a. a good shot ; -skipti, n.
fair bargain ; -spakligr, a. practical,
wise', -speki, f. forethought, good
sense 'y -stcBtSr, a. fairy favourable
(-stoeSr byrr) ; -tcekr, a. practical *y
-J)orn, -pyrnir, m. hawthorn.
haka (gen. hoku), f. chin.
hala-broddr, m. point of a tail',
-ferS, f. the rear; -langr, a. long-
tailed', -tafl, n. a kind of game.
hald, n. ( I ) hold, fastening', (2) keep'
ing in repair (fyrir h. kirkju) ; (3)
supporty backing (hann hefir nu h.
mikit af konungi) ; h. ok traust, help
and support in need', koma e-m at
haldi, i hald, to be of use or help to
one', her kemr ilia ^i h., it does little
good', (4) custody (Olafr konungr tok
^d. vi6 haldi Hrasreks konungsj ; (5)
esteem (vera me6 e-m i g66u haldi);
(6) keeping, observance (cf. jola-hald,
drottinsdaga hald).
halda (held ; h61t, h61dum ; hald-
inn), V. I. with dat. {\) to hold fast
(Gunnarr var kyrr sva at honum helt
einn ma6r) ; to keep back, restrain
(Hrafn fekk eigi haldit henni heima);
{2) to withhold{fi€\dM boendrgjaldinu);
(3) to keepy retain (])u skalt jafnan
J)essu ScCti h.) ; to preserve (h. vir6ingu
sinni, lift ok limum) ; h. voku sinni,
to keep oneself awake ; (4) to holdy
keep one's stock ; also ellipt. (vetr var
illr ok heldu menn ilia) ; (5) phrases,
h. njosnum, to keep watch, to spy ( =
h. njosnum til um e-t) ; h. (hendi)
fyrir auga, to hold {the hand) before
the eyes, shade the eyes ; h. hendi yfir
e-m, to protect one ; (6) to hold, sta?idy
steer, ellipt., peir heldu aptr {held back
agai7i\ um haustit; J)eir heldu ut eptir
firSi, they stood out the firth ; h. heim,
to steer homewards ; (7) to graze, put
in the field (h. fe til haga) ; (S) im-
pers. to contitiue, last (helt pvi lengi
um vetrinn) ; II. with ace. (i) to hold
in possession, a fief, land, estate (|5eir
heldu alia hina beztu staSi me3 sjo-
num) ; (2) to hold, keep, observe, a
feast, holiday (i hvers minning heldr
f)u ftenna dag?); (\) to keep (h. ord
sin, ei3, sa^ttir, friS) ; to observe (h.
gu6s log ok landsins) ; (4) to uphold,
maintain, support (h. vini sina, h. e-n
til rikis) ; (5) h. sik, to cornport oneself
(kunna h. sik mefi hofi) ; h. sik rik-
mannliga, to fare sumptuously-y h. sik
HALDA
[182]
HALLAK-BT^NINGR
aptr af e-u, to abstain from ; (6) to I
hold, consider, deem (hon hdlt engan 1
hans jafningja); (7) to hold, keep
up; h. varnir, to keep up a defence \
h. vorQ, to keep watch', {Z) to hold,
compel, bifid (heldr mik J)^ ekki til
utanferSar) ; ^6 heldr t)ik vdikunn til
at leita a, thou hast some excuse for
trying; III. with preps., h. d e-u, to
hold, wield in the hand (h. d sverSi) ;
to hold to a thing, go on with it, be
busy about (h. d drykkju, a fer6 sinni,
d syslu) ; h. e-t af e-m, to hold (land,
office) from or of one (J^eir er hof6u
haldiS land af Danakonungi) ; h. mikit
af e-m, to 7nake much of o?ie ; h.
eptir e-m, to pursue 07ie ; h. e-u eptir,
to keep back; h. sik fra e-u, to keep
oneself back from, refrain fro?n ; h.
e-u fram, to uphold, support ; h. e-u
fyrir e-u, to withhold from one; to
protect against (heldu engar grindr
f^nu fyrir birninum) ; h. e-n fyrir e-t,
to hold, consider one to be so and so
(slSan belt konungr Erling fyrir trygg-
van vin) ; h. i e-t, to hold fast, grasp
({)u skalt h. i hurSarhringinn) ; h. til
e-s, to be the cause of, be conducive to ;
heldr J)ar margt til J)ess, there are
many reasons for this ; belt til pess
{conduced to it) godgirni bans ; h. til
e-s, to be bent on, fond of (^. mjok til
skarts, til gleSi) ; b. til jafns vi6 e-n,
to bear up agaitist one, to be a 7natch
for one ; b. um e-t, to grasp with the
hand {— b. hendi um e-t) ; b. barni
undir skim, to hold at baptis?n ; h.
e-u upp, to hold aloft, lift (b. upp
bondum) ; b. upp drum, to hold up the
oars, cease pulling; to tiphold, main-
tain, supp07t (b. upp bofum, kristn-
inni) ; to keep going (h. upp bardaga) ;
to discharge (b. upp kostnaQi, botum) ;
h. upp boenum fyrir e-m, to pray for
one ; b. e-u vi3, to jnaintain a thing ;
h. vi3 e-m, to staitd agaifist (hvar sem
bann kom fram, b^it ekki vi6 bonum) ;
impers. to be on the point of; belt t)d
vi5 atgongu (ace), they were near
coming to fight ; heldr mi vi3 hot, //
is little short of threats; IV. refl., bald-
ast, to hold oneself, stay (mdtti bann
eigi {)ar h.) ; to hold out, continue.
last (b^lzt vindtta meS peim ); to be
kept safe and soimd; mennallir heldust
{all hands were saved) ok svd fe ; to be
valid, stand (engi md h. domr hans) ;
b. d, to pull one against another,
wrestle, fight ; impers., e-m belzt vel
(ilia) d e-u, one has good {bad) luck
with a thing (m^r belzt litt d sauda-
monnum) ; b. vi6, to stay, remaiti ; h.
vi8 e-m, to resist, make a stand against
one (belzt t>d ekki vi6 bonum).
hald-gotSr, a. lasti?ig, durable.
haldinn, pp. (i) ifi such and such a
state; ^el h., in good conditifl7i, well
to do, doi7ig well; J)ungliga h., veT^y
ill; (2) satisfied with (Hrani sagSist
ekki af pvi b. vera) ; (3) heilu ok
boldnu, safely, safe and sound.
haldin-or ($r, a. discreet, close ; -yrtSi,
n. discreetfiess.
hald-kvfiBmd, f. convenience, com-
fort ; -kvaemiligr, a. convenient ;
-kvaBmr, a. convenie7it, useful ; -samr,
a. holdi7ig close ; vera -samr d e-u, to
keep it close; -semi, f. {i) fast hold-
ing ; (2) closeness, stinginess.
hali, m. tail ; leika (veifast um)
lausum bala, to play with a loose tail,
to be tinrestrai7ied; bera brattan hal-
ann, to cock up the tail, to be proud ;
draga eptir sdr balann, to drag the tail,
to play the coward.
halla (aS), v. (i) to incline or turn
sideways, with dat. (h. keri, skipi) ;
{2) to sway to the wrong side (= b.
til um e-t) ; b. sogu, to give an tmfair
report ; b. nokkurum orQum til, to let
fall a few words ; b. eptir e-m, to be
biassed in 07te's favour ; b. ser, to lean
with on^s body ; impers. to lie over,
with dat. (balla3i bonum svd, at sjor
f^ll inn d annat borS) ; solu hallar,
the sun sinks ; vetri hallar, the winter
is decli7ii7ig\ tafli hallar d e-n, the
gaine tur?is agai7ist one ; (3) to slope
(bann skildi eigi fyrr vi6 t^d en ballaSi
af norSr) ; (4) refl., ballast, to lea7i
with the body ; to lie over (]3d tok
mjok at h. Ormrinn) ; d I)d ballaSist
bardaginn, the battle turned against
the7n ; h. eptir e-u, to sway towards
a thing.
hallar-bunatSr, -buningr, m. hang-
HALLAB-DYRK
[183]
HAND ATT
in^s of a hall ; -dyrr, f. pi. door of a
hall\ -^ol^yW. floor of a hall] -veggr,
m. wall of a hall.
hall-lendi, n. slope, declivity ;
-lendr, a. sloping ; -maela (-ta, -t),
V. to speak ill of one (-maela e-m) ;
-msBli, n. pi. blame, reproof] -oki, a.,
fara, ver6a halloki fyrir e-m, to be
overcome^ defeated.
hallr. a. {\) leaning to one side, lying
over, sloping [vorn jakarnir hallir mjok
ut af skerinu) ; bera hailt hofudit, to
carry the head ojt one side ; standa
hollum foeti, to stand unevenly, ver6r
hallt a e-n, one is worsted] (2) biassed,
pa7'tial] iticlined or attached to one
(h. til e-s or undir e-n) ; h. til illsku,
prone, i?iclined, to evil.
hallr, m. (i) slope ^ hill\ (2) big
stone (enn harSi hallr).
hall-asri, n. bad season, famine,
hair (-B, -ir), m. poet. man.
haltr, a. limping, lame, halting ; h.
eptra foeti, lame of the hind leg.
haltr a (aS), v. to halt, limp.
halzi, a. indecl. holding (with gen.).
hamalt, a. n., only in the phrase,
fylkja h., to draw up in a wedge-
shaped column {— svmfylkja).
hamar-gnipa, f. peak of a crag]
-klettr, m. r.rag, rock.
hamarr (gen. -s, dat. hamri, pi.
hamrar),m. (l) harmner] hann gerSi
hamar yfir, he made the sign of the
hammer over it ; (2) back of an axe ;
(3) crag, precipice (t)ar stendr h. mikill
fyrir J)eim) ; ^ritugur h., a crag thirty
fathoms high.
hamar-rifa, f. rift in a crag] -skalli,
m. head of a hammer ; -skaft. n. shaft
of a hammer ; -skuti, m. jutting or
overhangi7ig crag.
hamars-mark, n. sign of the hajn-
mer ; -mu$r, m. the thin end of a
hammer.
hamar-spor, n. a hammer's print.
hamast (a$), v. refl. (i) to asstnne
the shape of an animal (h. i arnarliki) ;
(2) to raoe (like a berserk).
ham-far, n., -farir, f. pi. travelling
in the shape of an anifnal (fara -fari,
i -forum) ; -fong, n. ^l.fury, frenzy ;
-hleypa, f. a human being who travels
in the shape of an animal* a witch
that goes in ham-larir.
hamingja, f. (i) guardian spirit;
(2) luck, good fortune.
hamtngju-drjugr, a. lucky] -hjol,
n. wheel of fortune ; -hlutr, m. lucky
chance] '\20Ji^-^.2L. luckless ] -leysi, n.
want of luck] -ma^r, m. lucky man ;
-mikiil, a. very lucky ; -mot, n. lucky
appearance (-mot er i. J)er) ; -raun. f.
trial of fortune ; -samligr, a. lucky-
lookim^] -skipti,n. turn {vicissitude)
of fortitne] -skortr, m. lack of good
luck ] -ijon, n. bad luck.
hamla, f. oar-thottg, grummet ; lata
siga i. homlu, to pull backwards (stern
foremost) ; ganga e-m i homlu (um
e-t), to take one's piace^ be a substitute
for one {in a thing).
hamla (a^), v. (i) to pull back-
wards] (2) to stop, hinder (h. e-m) ;
(3) to 7naim, mtitilate (sumir voru
hamlaSir at hondum eQa f6tum).
hampr, m. he7}ip.
hamr (-s, -ir), m. (i) skin^ slough ;
hleypa homum, to cast the slough (of
snakes) ; (2) shape, form ; skipta
homum, to change one's shape.
hamr a-f jail, n. craggy mountain ;
-klif, n. cleft betivee?t two crags.
ham-ramr, a. ( i ) able to change one's
shape ] (2) seized with warlike fury
(berserks-gangr).
hamra-skartS, n. = -klif.
ham-remi, f. the state of being
ham-ramr (2).
hams, m. (i) snake" s slough (ormar
skrida or hamsi a v^r) ; (2) husk.
ham-stoli, -stolinn, a. deprived of
ones wits, frantic, furious.
hana-galan, f. cock-crow.
handa (= til h.), prep, with dat. to,
for (h. Oddi).
handa-band, n. shaking of hands ;
-feati, -festr, f. a hold for the hands.
hand-afl, n. strength of hand ; lesa
sik upp {to haul oneself up) me6 -afli.
handa-gangr, m. grasping after a
thing ] -g0rvi, f. *" hand-gear\ gloves ;
-kast, n. = -lasti ; -klapp, n. clapping
of hands ; -Iseti, n. pi. gestures with
the arjns.
handan, z-dw. from beyond] heSan
HANDAR-BAK
[184]
HANGA-T-^R
ok h., hither a?td thither ; fyrir h.,
with ace. beyond^ on the other side of.
handar-bak, n. back of the hand\
-gagn, n. use of the hand ; leggja e-t
til -gagns, to lay it so as to be ready
at hand) -grip, n. span\ -hald, n.
handle ; -hogg, n. a blow on one's
hand\ -jacSarr, m. hand's edge; vera
undir -ja6ri e-s, to be in one's hands,
in one's power ; -kriki, m. arm-pit ;
-mein, n. sore in the hand; -sar, n
wound in the hand ; -stubbr, -stiifr,
m. stU7np (of an arm) ; -vanr, a.
handiess.
handa-skomm, f. shame for one's
hands ; -statSr, m. print of the hands ;
-verk, n. pi. one's handiwork, doings.
hand-bani, m. actual slayer^ opp.
to *rd6-bani'; -bjalla, f. hand-bell;
-bjorg, f. ^ hand- Slip ply' \ lifa vi6
-bjorg sina, to earn one's own living;
foera e-n fram me6 -bjorg sinni, to
support a person by one's labour;
-bogi, m. hand-bow, opp. to ' Msbogi ' ;
-byndi, n. encumbrance (e-m verSr
-byndi at e-u) ; -bsBrr, a. ready at
hand; -fang, n. span; -fatt, a. n.
lack of hands (-fdtt var6 upp at bera) ;
-festa (-sta, -str), v. to strike a
bargain by shaking hands ^ to pledge
(-festa heit sitt) ; biskup -festi {be-
trothed) jungfru Ingiborg ; -festa, f.,
-festr, f. striking a bargain by joining
hands ; -fyllr, i. handful ; -ganga, f.
surrender, submission ; -genginn, pp.
that has becorne a retainer to the king
(g0rast -genginn e-m); -g65r,a. handy,
adroit; -hafi, m. having in hand
(vera -hafi at e-u) ; -haltr, a. having
a lame hand; -hsBfi, n., -hofa, f. hand-
instrutnent ; -hogg, n. hacking off
one^s hand; -hoggva (see hoggva),
V. to hack one's hand off; -itSjan, f.
hand-work ; -klukka, f. hand-bell ;
-klaetSi, n. hand-towel; -krcBkjast
(t), V. to make trial of strength by
pulling with bent hands; -kvern, f.
quern, hand-mill.
handla (atS), v. = hondla.
hand-lag, n. joining hands ; -lami,
a. with a lame hand ; -latr, a. lazy to
use one's hands; -laug, f. water for
washing the hands (bera inn -laugar) ;
-lauss, a. handiess ; -leggr, m. arm,
fore-arm ; -lektari, m. hand-lectern ;
-16ttir, m. lending a hand; -lin, n.
sleeves ; -megin, n. strength of hand,
working power ; -meiddr, pp. with
maimed hands; -numinn, pp. seized,
caught; -rammr, a. strong-handed;
-rio, n. hand-rail; -rif, n. ^ reefng-
cord ', in the phrase, svipta af -rifi, to
reef a sail; -sal, n. (l) = handaband ;
(2) pledge, bargain ; taka vi3 -solum
i. e-u, to undertake the trtist or charge
of a thing ; eiga -sol vi6 e-n, to make
a bargain with one ; bjoQa -sol fyrir
e-n, to offer bail for one ; -sala (a(5),
v. to make over {confirm) by shaking
hands.
handsala-mat5r, handsals-mat$r,
m. bail, surety.
hand-sax, n. short sword, dagger;
leika at -soxum, to play with daggers
(by throwing them in the air and
catching them by the hilt); -seinn,
a. slow with the hand; -selja (see
selja), V. to make over ; -seld sok, a
suit conducted by proxy ; -sic5r, a.
long-ar77ied; -skot, n. throwing by
handf opp. to * bogaskot ' ; -sleggja,
f. hand-sledge; -sl0ngva, f. hand-
sling; -sterkr, a, strong-handed;
-stinnr, a. with brawny hands ; roa
-stinnan, to pull strongly ; -styrkja
(t), V. -styrkja sik upp, to haul oneself
up ; -styrkr, a. = -sterkr ; -tak, n. =
handaband ; -taka, v. (l) to seize, lay
hold of; (2) to stipulate; -tyglll,
m. an arm-strap ; -vega (see vega),
v. to weigh in the hand ; -vegr, m.
shoulder-seafn; -viss, a. quite cej--
tain; -vsBtta (-tta, -ttrj, v. =-vega;
-vomm, f. maladroitnesSj blundering ;
-0x, f. hand-axe.
hang, n. coil {of a serpent) ; kottr-
inn beygSi hangit {v. r. kenginn), the
cat bent its back.
hanga (hangi ; h6kk, h§ngum ;
hanginn), v. (i) /<? hang, be suspe7tded
(hvers manns alvaepni hekk yfir rumi
hans); (2) to cli7ig to, hang fast to;
weak pret. (hangdi naSran a lifrinni) ;
(3) to be handed (gengr pu at h.).
hanga-gu(5, -tyr, m. god {lord) of
the hanged (viz. Odin).
HANGI
[185]
HARM-DAUBR
hangi, m. a body hanging on a
gallows (hann settist undir hanga).
hani, m. cock.
hanki, m. hasp or clasp (of a chest).
hann, pers. pron. he.
hann-yrS, -prt$, f. skill, fine work,
hanzki, m. glove,
happ, n. good luck.
happa-drjugr, a. lucky \ -mikill, a.
having gieat luck ; -ra5, n. happy
counsel \ -verk, n. happy deed.
happ-autSigr, a. lucky ; -frotSr, a.
wise in season ; -samr, a. lucky ;
-skeytr, a. a good shot.
hapt, n. bond ; see ' haft '.
hara, v. to stare, grin (?).
harSa, adv. very (= hardla).
har(5-angr, m. hard times, distress ;
-brjosta^r, a. hard-hearted \ -byll, a.
« ^rtr<^ householder ; -droegi, f. />^<?
^<?/«^ -drcegr; -droegr, a. >^«r^ /^
manage', -eygr, a. hard-eyed', -fari,
m. *• fast-goer'' ; -farliga, adv. harshly,
vehemently ; -fengi, f. hardihood,
valour ; -fengiliga, adv. = -fengliga ;
-fenginn, a. = -fengr; -fengliga, adv.
hardily, valiantly ; -fengr, a. hardy,
valiant', -fenni, n. hard snow; -foeri,
f. stubbornness ; -fcerr, a. hard to
overcome ; -gorr, a. (i) hardy, stout ;
(2) strong-built (-gort skip) ; -hendi,
f. hard-handedness ; -hendiliga, adv.
«/zV>^ y^<^r/7f hand] -hendr, a. //«r^-
handed ; -hugaSr, a. hard-hearted.
hart5lndi, n. pi. (i) hardness \ (2)
hardship, severity.
har5-kv8Bli, n. = harmkvaeli.
hartSla, adv. very (h. mikill, litill).
harS-leikinn, a. playing a hard,
rough game ; ver6a e-m -leikinn, to
play roughly with one ; fd, -leikit, to
be roughly treated', -leikni, f. rotcgh
gaine ; -leikr, m. hardness, harsh-
ness', 'leitT.di. hard-looking', -lifi, n.
hard life, chastisement ; -liga, adv. ( i )
forcibly, sternly, {2) fast (riSa -liga) ;
-ligr, a. hard, severe ; -lundatSr, a.
hard-tempered ; -lyndi, n. hard tem-
per', -lyndr, a. = -lundaSr; -mann-
ligr, a. hardy, manly, -menni, n.
hardy man ; -motSigr, a. hard of
mood ; -maeli, n. hard language ;
-maeltr, a. = -ordr.
har^na (at5), v. (i) to harden ; (2) to
become severe (of weather) ; to grow
worse ; harfinaSi matlifi peirra, they
ran short of provisions.
hartS-ortSr, a. hard-spoken.
harSr, a. (l) hard (h. steinn, skafl) ;
(2) hard, stern, severe (h. i skapi, 1
hjarta) ; (3) hardy ; folk hart ok illt at
soekja, hardy and difficult to assail \
h. 1 horn at taka, hard to take by the
horns, stubborn ; h. bardagi, hard'
fought battle ; leika e-n hart, to treat
one harshly ; rida hart, to ride fast.
hartS-r^cSr, a. {i) fir?n, determined
(madr vitr ok -raQrj ; (2) severe^ ty-
rannical ; -reicSr, a. hard to ride on ;
-r6tti, n. hardship', -rsBtSi, n. (i)
hardiness, hardihood, firmness ; (2)
hardness, harshness ; -skeyti, f. hard
shooting', -skeytr, a, (i) shooting
hard', (2) hard, severe', -skipatSr,
pp. mamted with hardy men ; -sleg-
inn, pp. hard-ha7nmered ; -sloegr, a.
hard to mow (-sloegr teigr) ; -snulnn,
pp. ^ hard-twist ed\ staunch, stub-
born ; -sottr, pp. hard to get, difficult \
-steinn, m. %vhet stone ; -toekr, a. hard^
exacting', -ut5igr, a. hnrd-7ninded \
-vaxinn, pp. strong-built, brawny ;
-yrcSi, n. pi. hard words ; -yrki, m.
hard worker; -ySgi, f. hardness of
heart, severity.
hark, n. noise^ ticmult.
harka, f. hardness, hardiftess.
harka (at5), v. (i) to scrape together
(h. e-u saman) ; (2) e-m harkar, harkar
fyrir e-m, things go ill with one ;
harkar um e-t, it goes badly ; harkast
um, to be i7t a bad way ; (3) refl.,
harkast, to make a tumult.
harka-geta, f. coarse, scanty food;
-lit5, n. rabble ; -menn, m. pi. tra?nps,
scaynps ; -samliga, adv. coarsely.
harki, m. rubbish, trash.
harnia (acS), v. to bewail ; h. sik, to
wail ; impers., e-m or e-n harmar, //
vexes one, one is vexed.
harman-liga, adv. sorrowfully ;
-ligr, a. sorrowful.
harm-blandinn, pp. mixed with
sorrow ; -brcgt5, n. pi. mournful
deeds ; -dautSi, m. sorrowful death ;
-daucSi, -dautJr, a. lamented (vera
HARM-DOGQ
[186]
HAIiFA
-daufii e-m) ; -dogg, f. sorrow-deiUy
tears (poet.); -fenginn, pp. affected
by grief \ -Jlaug. f. baneful shaft;
-fullr, a. = harmsfullr ; -kvaBli, n. pi.,
-kvol, f. tormetits.
harmr (-s, -ar), m. sorrow^ g^ief.
harm-saga, f. tidings of grief] -sam-
ligr, a. sad, mournfod.
harms-auki, m. addition to one's
grief; -fullr, ^. sorrowful, distressed;
-16ttir, m. relief
harm-sok, f. cause of g^'ief, sad case ;
-songr, m. dirge ; -tic5indi, n. pi. =
-sag^a ; -tolur, f. pi. lamentations ;
-}?runginn, pp. filled with grief;
-J)rutinn, a. swollen with sorrow.
harneskja, f. harfiess, armour.
harpa, f. (i) harp (leika, sM horpu) ;
(2) harp-seal (era hlums vant, kvad
refr, dro horpu at isi).
hasla (pi. hoslur), f. pole of hazel-
wood ; hasla (atS), v. to mark out by
hazel-poles ; h. e-m voll, to challenge
one to a pitched battle or duel.
hastar-liga, adv. suddenly.
hast-orSr, a. harsh-spoken.
hata (atS), v. (i) to hate (h. e-n) ;
(2) to dainage, destroy (poet.) ; (3) refl.,
hatast vi6 e-n, to be full of hatred
against one,
hatr, n. hatred, enjnity.
hatr-liga, adv. hatefully, -ligr, a.
hateful ; -samligr, -samr, a. hateful,
hostile (-samr e-m).
hatra-fuUr, a. hateful, hostile,
hattr, m. hat;= hottr.
hau^r, n. poet, earth.
hauga-eldr, m. cairn fire ; -old, f.
the age of cairn-burial , opp. to ' bruna-
old ', the age of burning the dead.
haug-brot, n. breakitig of a cairn ;
-bui, m. ^ cairn-dweller', ghost; -foera
(-^a, -$r), V. to bury i?t a cairn ;
-ganga, f. the breaki?ig into a cairn.
haugr (-S, -ar), m. (i) mound; (2)
sepulchral mound, cairn.
haug-setja (see setja), v. = -foera.
haugs-golf, n. fioor of a cairn ;
-gprS, f. cairn-7?taking.
haug-staSr, m. heathen burial-place ;
-tekinn, pp. takeiifro^n a cairn.
haugs-old, f. = hauga-old.
hauka-veiSr, f. hunting with hawks.
hauk-ligr, a. hawk'like (of the eyes).
haukr (-8, -ar), m. hawk; fleygja
hauki, to fly a hawk.
haukstaldr, m., poet, man, hero.
hauld-, hauldr, see hold-, hoidr.
haull, m, rupture, hernia.
hausa-kljufr, m. skull-cleaver (nick-
name) ; -mot, n.pl. sutures of the skull.
haus-brot, n. skull-fracture ; -fastr ,
a. seated in the skull; -filla, f. the
skin of the skull.
haus3 (pi. hauaar), m. skull.
haust. n. harvest season, autumn.
hau3ta (a'5), v. to draw near autumn.
hau3t-bl6t, n. sacrificial feast i7t
autumn; -botJ, n. autumn feast;
-dagr, m. day in autum7i ; 2X or ik.
-degi, in autumn ; -grima, f. autumn
night ; -heitntur, f. pi. getti?ig in
sheep in autumn ; -langr, a. lasting
all the autumn ; -m.dnat$r, m. autumn
moftth, September; -viking, f. free-
booting expedition in autujnn ; -^ing,
n. autumn asseinbly ; -61, n. autumn
{drinking) festival.
hd, interj. eh I what do you say f
hd, f. after-grass, after-math.
hd-altari, m. high altar ; -beinn, a.
high-legged, long-legged; -bjarg, n.
high rock ; -bogatSr, a. high-curved
(of a saddle).
ha-bora (aS), v. to fit with rowlocks.
ha-borur, f. pi. rowlocks.
ha-brok, f. a kind oihawk ; -brokast
(av5), V. refl. to puff oneself up,
bA5, n. scoffing, mocking.
ha-degi, n. midday, 7too?i.
hadegis-skeiS, n. noon-tide.
hatS-samr, a. scoffing; -semi, f.
mockery (me6 hropyrdum ok h.).
haSugr, a. shatneful, disgraceful.
Iia5u-ligr, a. (i) scornful, abusive
(-lig or6j ; (2) disgraceful (-ligt verk).
haSung, f. shajne, disgrace.
ha(5ungar-orS, n. pi. scornful words.
hat5-yrc5i, n. pi. = has5i-yrdi.
ha-f jail, n. high tnountain ; -fleygr,
a. high-flying ; -floetSr, f. full flood^
high flood-tide; -foBttr,a. high-legged;
-leikr, m. highness ; -leitligr, a.
sublime ; -leitr, a. looking upwards ;
fig. lofty, subli7ne.
hdlfa, f. (i) region, part (veroldin
HALP-BERGHISI
[187]
HAR-FER©
var greind i {)rjdr hdlfur) ; (2) li7teage,
kin ifrjalsborinn i allar Mlfur) ; (3) af
e-s hdlfu, on one's behalf \ on one*s
part ; af gu5s hdlfu ok lands-laga, on
behalf of God and the law of the land.
hdlf-bergrisi, m. half a giant \
-dauSr, a. half dead ; -ermatSr, pp.
half-sleeved ; -f ifl, n. half an idiot ;
-fullr, a. half fill ; -gorr, a. only half
done, left half imdone ; -kirkja, f.
annex-churchy chapel of ease ; -launat,
pp. n. half rewarded \ -litr, a. of two
colours, with a different colour on
each side\ -Ijost, a. n., J)a er -Ijost
var, in the twilight ; -mork, f. half a
mark ; -nautSigr, a. half reluctant ;
-nits, n. half a la7npoon.
halfr, a. (i) half\ h. mdnaSr, half a
vionth, fortnight \ til halfs, by a half',
h. annar, J)ri6i, fjorSi, &c., one, two,
three and a half', hdlft annat hundraS,
one hundred aftd a half] h. {)ri3i t0gr
manna, twenty-five men', (2) neut.
' hdlfu ', by half, with a comparative
in an intensive sense, much, far ; halfu
verri, far worse ; halfu meira, far
more ; hdlfu s\6r, far less.
Mlf-risi, m. half a giant ; -roinn,
pp. having rowed half the way ;
-rymi, n. half a ' rum ' in a ship.
halfrymis-felagar, m. pi. inessinates
ifl the same halfrymi ; -kista, f. a
chest belonging to a halfrymi.
lialf-r0kvit, a. n. half twilight \
-skiptr, pp. = -litr ; -troll, n. half a
giant', 'tunna, {. half a tun; -unninn,
pp. half done ; -viroi, n. half worth ;
-J)ritugr,a. aged twenty-five', -J)ynna,
f. a kind of S7nall axe ; -oerinn, a. half
sufficient ; -csrr, a. half mad (hann
var half-CErr af dr>'kkju).
hall, a. slippery (var hdlt a isinum).
hal-leikr, m. slippertness.
halmr (gen. -s), m. straw, haiilm
(iDeir logSust Jjar niSr i hdlm).
halm-stra, n. haulm-straw ; -visk,
n. wisp of straw ; -J)ust, n.ffail.
hdl3 (gen. Mis, pi. halsar), m. (i)
neck', taka hondum um h. e-m, to
embrace one', beygja h. fyrir e-m, to
bend the neck to one, liggja e-m i.
halsi fyrir e-t, to reprove, blame one
for ; standa i. hdlsi e-m, to put the
foot on ofie's neck ; (2) bow of a ship
or boat ( Hymir reri i hdlsinum fram);
(3) the frofit-sheet {tack) of a sail;
(4) the e7id of a rope ; (5) the tip of a
bow (hann dregr svi bogann, at saman
l)6tti bera halsana) ; (6) ridge, hill',
(7) pi., goQir hdlsar, good t/ien ! fine
fellows /
halsa (atS), v. (i) to embrace-, (2) h.
segl, to clew tip the sail.
hals-bein, n., -beina, n. neck-bone ;
-bjorg, i. gorget', -bok, f. a book to be
hu7ig fro7n the neck', -brotna (atS),
V. to break one's neck ; -brun, f. edge of
a hill', -digr, a. thick-necked ', -fang,
n. embrace', 'gj6r^,{. necklace; -hogg,
n. stroke on the neck; -hoggva (see
hoggva), V. to behead ; -jdrn, n. neck-
iron, iron collar; -langr, a. long-
necked; -litSr, m. neck-joint; -Ijosta
(see Ijosta^, v. to strike one on the
neck ; -men, n. necklace ; -sar, n. neck
wound ; -slag, n. = -hogg ; -stefhi, n.
( I ) throat ; (2) part of a ship.
hd-la9ti, n. shouting, noise ; -measa,
f. high-77iass ; -maslgi, f. loud talking.
ha-mot, n. a7ikle-joint ; only in the
phrase, fara i ha-mot {or -motit) eptir
e-m, to follow one closely, sneak alojtg
behind one.
ha-msBli, n., foera (bera) e-t 1 -masli,
to speak lojid of; -maBltr, pp. lotid-
voiced; -nefjatSr, a. high-nosed;
-pallr, m. dais (in a hall).
bar (M, hatt), a. {\) high ; i. hdfum
fjollum, in high 7noun tains ; h^ri en,
higher than ; (2) tall (h. ma6r vexti) ;
(3) super), at the highest pitch ; medan
haest vaeri vetrar, sumars, in the depth
of winter, in the height of su77t7ner ;
(4) high, glorious ; hasstu hatiSir, the
highest feasts; (5) loud (h. brestr) ;
maela hdtt, to speak loud ; hon verSr ha
vid, she beco77ies cla7norous or excited.
Mr (gen. hds, pi. Mir), m. thole.
Mr, n. hair (jarpr d h.).
Mr, m. dog-fish.
Mr-amr (= -hamr), m. the hairy
side of a skin ; -bjartr, 2l. fair-haired.
ha-reitSar, f. pi. rowlocks.
hd-reysti, n. and f. noise, clamour;
-reystr, a. noisy, loud-voiced.
Mr-fagr, a. fair-haired; -fertJ, f.
HAR-HVASS
[188]
HEDRA
fashion of the hair', -hvass, a. hair-
edged \ -klascSi, n. hair cloth ; -knifr,
m. razor ; -laug, f. washing the hair ;
-leppr, m. lock of hair.
hdrr, a. hoary, grey-haired.
har-roetr, f, pi. roots of the hair;
-skurtSr, m. ciit of the hair.
Mrs-litr, m. colour of the hair.
har-taug, f. string of horse-hair \
-vara, i.fur\ -voxtr, m. hair-growth.
ha-segl, n. top-sail.
hd-seti, m. oarsjnan^ opp. to ' styri-
ma6r' {helmsinafi).
hd-seymdr, pp. studded with large
nails (beizl hdseymt).
M-sin, f. Achilles' tendon.
Mska-ferS, -for, f. dangerous jour-
ney {exploit) ; -lauss, a. free frojn
danger \ -ligr, a. dangerous \ -sam-
liga, adv. dangerously ; -samligr,
-samr, a. perilous ; -timi, m. tifue of
danger ; -vacS, n. dangerous ford ;
-van, f. danger to come.
ha-skeptr, a. long-handledy long-
shafted (hdskept 0x, spjot).
haski, m. danger, peril.
has-maBltr, a. hoarse-speaking,
hass, a. hoarse.
M-stac5r, m. high {important) place',
-stafir, m. pi., in the phrase, grdta
(oepa) -stofum, to weep {shout) loudly ;
-ateint, a. n. full of high boulders
(var hdsteint f anni).
ha-stokkr, m. gunwale.
hd-stoll, m. high-seat', -sumar, n.
midsummer ; -saati, n. high-seat, seat
of honour (= ondvegi).
hasastis-borcS, n. high-seat table ;
-kista, f. a chest near the high-seat ;
-matSr, m. the man in the high-seat.
ha-talat$r, a. loud-voiced', -tirabra
(atS), V. to build high ; -titJ, {.festival,
feast (halda hdtidj.
hati^ar-aptann, m. eve of a feast ;
-dagr, m. festal day, holiday ; -hald,
n. holding a feast.
hdti$is-dagr, m. = hdtiSardagr.
hdtit5-liga, adv. withfestivity ; -ligr,
2l. festive, festal.
hatta (atS), v. (l) to arrange, dis-
pose, with dat. ; h. ser, to conduct one-
self', impers., h^ttar svd, at hann kom,
he happened to C07ne ; {2) to go to bed.
hatta-brigSi, n. change of manners.
hattatSr, pp. fashioned, conditioned
(hvernig var jorflin hattud .?) ; e-u er
sva hattat, it is so 7nade or conditioned,
of that nature or kind ; ydr frasndum
er svi. hattat, j^« kinsmen are of that
stajnp.
hatta-goSr, a. well-mannered, well-
behaved ; -lykill, m. key to metres ;
-skipti, n. (l) change of ma7iners ; (2)
shifting of metre ; -tal, n. enumera-
tion of f7ietres.
hatt-priitSr, a. well-mannered, polite ;
-pryt5i, f. good tnanners.
hattr (gen. Mttar, dat. hsBtti; pi.
haBttir, ace. hattu), m. (i) mode of
life, habit, custom (rikra manna hattr) ;
halda teknum hastti, to go on in one's
usual way ; (2) pi. conduct, behaviour
(vanda um hattu manna) ; fara vel
me6 sinuai hattum, to conduct otteself
well ; ra6a sjalfr sinum hattum, to be
ogle's own jnaster ; halda hattum vi5
a6ra menn, to conduct oneself properly,
(3) mode, way of doing a thing',
kunna hd.tt ^ e-u, to know how to do
a thing ; (4) mikils hdttar, of impor-
tance ; litils Mttar, insignificant ; J)ess
hattar, of that kind ; alls hattar, of
every kitid; i. allan hdtt, in every
respect; (5) moderation, measure;
eptir hcetti, duly, properly ; (6) 77ietre.
hatt-samr, a. well-77ia7i7iered,
hattung, f. danger, 7'isk,
ha-tun, n. high place.
MvatSa-matSr, m. a 7ioisy, self-
assertive 77ian ; -mikill, a. boastful^
self-assertive ; -samr, a. boisterous.
ha-vatSi, m. (i) noise, tu77iult ; kve6a
e-t upp, segja e-t, i -vada, to proclai7n
loudly ; (2) loud self-assertion ; (3)
= hava5a-ma6r.
ha-vetr, m., -vetri, n. midwinter
(J)egar hdvetri var liSit).
hetSan, adv. (i) he7ice, f}'077i this
place ; (2) fyrir h. hafit, on the hither
side of the sea ; (3) he7iceforth ; h. i fra,
hereafter.
hetSinn (dat. hetSni), m. jacket of
fur or ski7i ; vefja {or veifa) hefini at
hofSi e-m, to W7'ap a skin round one's
head, to hoodwink one.
he$ra, adv. here^ hither.
HEFD
[189]
heg6ma-mal
heftJ, f. prescriptive right (me3
rettri ok lo^legri hefd).
heftSa (at$), v. to acquire a prescrip-
tive right to (h. ser e-t).
hef Sar-ma^r, m. possessor, holder,
hefill (pi. heflar), m. a noose fastejied
to the edge of a sail to help ifi furli7jg
it', lata siga (<?r hleypa segli) or heflum,
to unfurl the sail.
hefil-skapt, n. a boat-hook to pull
the sail dozvn.
liefja(hef; hof, hofum ; hafi^r and
hafinri), v. (i) to heave, raise, lift (h.
stein); hann hof upp augu sin, he
lifted up his eyes ; h. sik a lopt, to
make a leap ; h. handa, to lift the
hands (for defence) ; h. hofuSs, to lift
the head, be u?tdaunted ', h. graut, to
lift the porridge, eat it with a spoon ;
(2) to exalt, raise in rank ; h. e-n til
rikis, to raise one to the th7'one ; (3)
to begin ; h. mal sitt, to begin one's
speech ; h. fer6, to set out on a journey,
to start', h. iiokk, to raise a party ; h.
akall, to raise a claifu ; impers., hefr
e-t = hefr upp e-t, it begins (her hefr
Kristnisogu) ; refl., hefjast, to begi?i,
originate (hvaSan af hefir hafizt skald-
skapr?); (4) impers. to be carried,
drifted (by storm or tide) ; hof skipin
611 saman [all the ships were drifted)
inn at landinu ; l)eir letu h. skipin
ofan forstreymis, they let the ships
drift down the streain ; (5) with preps.,
h. e-t af e-u, to take it off; impers.,
en er af henni hof ongvit (ace), wheti
she recovered from her swoon ; J)a
hof af mer vamur allar, all aihnents
left vie ; refl., hefjast af hondum e-m,
to leave one ; h. a rds, to take to one' s
feet (= hafa a ras); refl., Mta hefjast
fyrir, to retreat, withdraw ; h. munn
sinn f sundr, to open one's mouth ;
impers., Birkibeina (ace.) hefr undan,
the B. drew back ; h. e-t upp, to lift
up (hann hof orminn upp a hendi
ser); impers., hof honum upp bryn
(ace), his face brightened', h. e-t upp,
to begin (=hefja 3); Egill hof upp
kvasdit, E. began his poem ; impers.,
her hefr upp Konunga-b6k,/^<?r^ begins
the K. ; refl., hefjast upp, to begin (her
hefjast upp landnam) ; hefjast upp til
ofriSar (med ofriSi), to begin war^
fare ; lata hefjast vi6, to lay to (naut.).
hefla (atS), v. to furl the sail,
hefna (-da, -dr), v. to avenge, take
vengeance, with the thing and the
person in gen., h. sira, to avenge the
wounds, h. broSur sins, to avenge
o?te's brother, h. sin, to avenge oneself;
with dat. of the person, h. e-m, to take
vengeance on (skulu vi3 h. honum) ;
with the thing in gen. and the person
in dat.; attu honum at h. fra^ndalats,
thou hast to avenge 07t hitn the death
of a kinsman ; impers., e-m hefnir
e-t, one pays {suffers) for a thing (svd,
hefndi honum pat mikla mikillaeti) ;
with preps., h. e-m fyrir e-t, h. e-s a
e-m, to avenge a thi7ig on ofte ; refl.,
hefnast, to avenge oneself (= hefna
sin); h. e-s, to avenge a thing; h. i.
e-m, to avenge oneself on a person ;
e-m hefnist e-t, one has to pay {suffer)
for ; hefnast mun honum vist, the day
of retribution will assuredly come to
him,
hefnd, f. revenge, vengeance.
hefnda-laust, adv. without retribu-
tion or revenge.
hefndar-dagr, m. day of vengeance ;
-mac5r, m. avenger.
hefni-leitS, f. * way to vengeance ' ;
roa d -leiS, to set abotit taking ven-
geance ; -leit, f . seeking for vengeance ;
roa a -leit e-s, to seek vengeance for ;
-samr, a. revefigeful.
hegat, adv. = hingat, higat.
hegtSa (a(S), v. to arrange (h. e-u).
hegtSan, f. conduct, behaviour,
hegeitill, va.ffint.
heggr (pi. -ir), m. bird cherry,
hegla (-di, -t), v. to hail.
hegna (-da, -dr), v. (i) to hedge,
protect ; (2) to punishf chastise (hegna
rdnsmenn, usiQu).
hegnari, m. chastiser,
hegnd, f., hegning, f. punishment,
chastisefnent.
he-goma (at5), v. to speak falsely ;
-go ma i. e-n, to slander one.
hegoma-dyrS, f. vain-glory ; -fuUr,
a. vain, vain-glorious ; -matSr, m.
charlatan, quack ; -mdl, n. vaifi
speech ; g0ra or3 e-s at -mali, to dis-
Hi!a6MA-WAFN
[190]
HEIL-ILffiDI
regard one's words ; -nafn, n. empty
name^ sham name.
h6-g6nii, m. falsehood^ folly-, non-
sense ; segja -gomaae-n, /(? slander one.
Mgom-ligr, a. vain, false.
hegri, m. heron.
heitS, n. bright [clear) sky (veSr var
bjart ok skein sol i heiSi).
heitSar-brun, f. edge of a heath.
heiSar-lauss, a. ignominious, dis-
honourable ; -liga, adv. honou7'ably ;
-ligr, a. honourable.
heiSar-vegr, m. road across a heath.
hei(5-bjartr, a. serene (ve6r -bjart).
heic5-f6, n.fee, stipend.
heiSin-domr, m. heathendom.
heiSingi (pi. -jar), m. (i) heathen^
gentile ; (2) wolf (poet.).
heiSingligr, a. heathen.
heitSinn, a. heathen, pagan ; heiSnir
menn, heathens.
heicS-raaSr, m. = mdlamaSr.
heiSnast (aS), v. to become heathen.
heiSni, f. ( i ) heathenism ; (2) heathen
country { = hei8it land); (s) the heathen
age, the tifne of heathetidoin.
heiSr, a. bright, clear, cloudless ; h.
himinn, clear sky\ heidar stjornur,
bright stars.
heitSr (gen. heiSar, dat. and ace.
heiSi ; pi. hei$ar), f. heath, moor.
hei^r (gen. heitSrs), m. honour.
hei(5r (gen. -ar), m. honour, worth.
hei^ra (acS), v. to honour.
heicS-rikr, a. cloudless, serene.
hei?5rs-inat5r, m. man of honour.
heiS-skirr, a. bright, cloudless (-skirt
ve6r) ; -vanr, a. accustomed to the
clear sky ; -viSri, n. bright iveather.
hei$-virSr, a. honest, honourable.
heila-bust, f. crown of the head.
heilag-leikr, m. holijiess ; -liga,
adv. holily ; -ligr, a. holy.
heilagr (ace. helgan (heilagan), pi.
helgir (heilagir), &c.), a. (i) holy ; (2)
inviolable, sacred.
heilan, f. healing.
heil-brig^i, f. health ; -brigSr, a.
hale, healthy.
heilendi, heilindi, n. good health.
heil-eygr, a. ^ hale-eyed \ having
sound eyes; -foettr, a. ^hale-legged';
-hugat5liga, adv. sincerely, = af heli-
um huga; -hugac5r,a. ^whole-minded*,
sincere.
heilhuga-friSr, m. sincere peace ;
-rdt5, n. sincere purpose.
heil-hugi, m. sincere person ; -hug-
liga, adv. sincerely.
heili, m. brain, — hjarni.
heili-vdgr, m. healing liquor, balm,
heill, a. (i) hale, sound; ilia h., i?i
ill health ; hann afigSi at t)ar var vel
heilt, he said they were all well there;
kona eigi hell, enceinte ; grceQa e-n at
heilu, to heal one fully ; (2) whole,
healed, in respect of wounds or illness,
with gen. (verda h. sdra sinna) ; er um
heilt bezt at binda, it is better to bind
a hale than a hurt limb ; (3) blessed,
happy ; nj6ti6 heilir handa, ' bless
your hands \ well done ; kom heill !
welcome J hail I iax h.., farewell / (4)
whole, entire ; h. hleifr, a whole loaf;
sjau hundruS heil, full seven hundred;
(5) trtte, upright; ra6a e-m heilt, to
give one a wholesome {good) advice ;
af heilum hug, af heilu, sincerely ;
heilt ra3, wholesoifie advice ; heil ken-
ning, a useful, profitable lesson.
heill, n. and f. hick, omen, fore-
boding; goSu (illu) heilii, in a good
{evil) hour ; morg eru giptusamlig
heill, there are many good auspices ;
fall er farar h., a fall is a good omen ;
hann bad feim h. duga, he wished
thein good speed; heillum horfinn,y^?-
saken by luck ; ok var brugSit heillum
sverSsins, the spell of the sword was
broken.
heilla (ac5), v. to enchant, spell-bind,
bewitch ; heillud ertu {thou art in-
fatuated), ef Jju ffitlar, etc.
heilla-brigS, n. pi. turn of luck;
-drjugr, a. fortunate, hapPy ; -leysi,
n. ill-luck ; -maJSr, m. lucky man ;
-rat5, n. good advice, wholesome coun-
sel ; -vaenligr, a. hopeful, promising ;
-vaBnn, a. bodifig good luck, pro-
misifig well.
heil-leikr, m. (i) health ; (2) sin-
cerity, uprightness ; -liga, 2idv.f airly y
candidly; -ligr, a.. fair; -naBmligr, a.
wholesome ; -rdt5r, a. giving whole-
some counsel ; -raetSi, n. wise {whole'
some) counsel.
HEILSA
[191]
HEIMILL
heilsa (at5), v. to say hail to 07ie^
greet one (=bi6ja e-n heilan vera),
with dat. ; h. i. e-n = h. e-m.
heilsa, f. (i) health \ (2) restoration
to health (hann var feginn heilsu
sinni) ; (3) salvation.
heil-samligr, a., -samr, a. whole-
sofne, salutary.
heilsan, f. salutation, greeting.
heil-smitSliga, adv. tiprightly^
fairly, properly.
heilsu-bot, f. improvement of health,
recovery ; -bragtS, n. cure ; -drykkr,
m. healing draught ; -far, n. state of
health ; -gj of, f . cure, restoration to
health ; -lauss, a. in bad health ;
-litill, a. in weak health ; -rd^, n.
means to recover one's health ; -sam-
ligr, a., -samr, a. wholesome, salu-
tary ; -tapan. f. perditiojt.
heil-und, f. bi-ain wotind.
heilundar-sar, n. = heilund.
heil-vita, a. indecl. ^ hale-witted\
of sound 7ni7id, sane.
heim, adv. home, hotnewards ; scEkja
e-n h., to visit one ; to attack one.
heima, n. home (ganga til sins h.) ;
at h. minu, at my house ; eiga h., to
have one's home, to live (i4allfre6r
dtti h. at Haukagili).
heima, adv. at home, at^ or in, one's
own house (hair er heima hverr) ;
sitja h., to remain at home.
heima-bol, n. homestead, manor",
-bondi, m. franklin or yeoman in a
-bol ; ''hvvoa.nVyXW. home-well', -dyrr,
f. pi. entrance to a dwelling-hoicse ;
-elskr, a. fond of staying at home ;
-folk, n. home folk, hotcsehold ; -griS-
ungr, m. a bull kept at home ; -hus,
n. pi. dwelling-houses ; -kona, f.
house-tJtaid ; -land, n. hone estate ;
-lic5, n. = -folk ; -m.a$r, m. one of the
household, a servant ( = gri6ma6r).
heim.an, adv. from home ; in some
phrases the reference is to the mar-
riage and dowry of women.
heiman-bunaSr, m. preparation
for a journey from home ; -fertS, f.
journey {voyage) from ho?ne ; -fylgja,
f. the dowry which the bride takes
with her from home ; -for, f. = -fer6 ;
-forull, a. strolling from home ;
-gengt, a. n., in the phrase, eiga Iftt;
-gengt, to have no time or opportutiity
to leave home.
heima-prestr, m. reside?tt priest,
parsofi ; -seta, f. sitting at home ;
-sveit, f. = -folk ; -ta^a, f. the hay
from the home-field ; -vist, f. staying
at home.
heim-bot5, n. invitation, feast ;
-dragi, m. a stay-at-ho?fte ; hleypa
-draganum, to see the world.
heimfarar-leyfi, n. = heiinleyfi.
heim-fertS, f. ( I ) goitig home, return
home ; (2) inroad into one's home^ =
aifor, heimsokn.
heimferSar-leyfl, n. = heimleyfi.
heim-luss, a. longing for home ;
-for, f,= -ferS; -ganga, {.going home',
-gas, f. tame goose ; -ham.r, m. one's
oivn skin.
heimila (atS), v. to "ive a title or
right to a thifig (heimilaSi jarl J)eim
{)at er jDurfti at hafa).
heimild, f. title, right.
heimildar-matSr, m. a man from
whom a title is derived', -tak, n.
taking proper possession or title (-tak
a skoginum).
heimilda-vandr, a. fastidious in
regard to title.
heimili, n. house, home, homestead
(eiga h. e-s staSar).
heimilis-fang, n. domicile', -fastr,
a. having a fixed hoinestead ; -htis,
n. (i) closet', (2) privy, -kviSr, m.
home-verdict ; -prestr, m. chaplain ;
-sok, f. a charge that can be brought
home to one ; -vist, f. permanent
habitation ; vera -vistum med e-m, to
reside with one.
heimili, a., e-m er e-t heimilt, 07ie
has a right to, is free to have a thi7ig ;
heimili er matr peim, er hafa J)urfu,
the food is free to those who 7ieed it',
kvao honum heimilan sinn styrk, his
help should be at his disposal ; segir,
at t)at var skylt ok heimilt, dtie and
just ; eiga heimilt (at gera e-t), eiga
e-t heimilt, to have a right {to do a
thin^), to have at one' s disposal', lata
e-m e-t heimilt, to give one a right to,
to place at one's disposal (let f*. honum
heimilan hest sinn).
HEIMIS-GARDR
[192]
HEITA
heimis-gariSrtm./tomesfeaif ; -haugr,
m. * ho)nestead-cairn ' ; -kvitSr, m. =
heimiliskviSr.
heim-kvama, f. return home ;
-kynni, n. home, household ; -lei^is,
adv. homewards (fara -leiSis) ; -leyfi,
n. leave to go home ; -ligr, a. worldly.
heimoll, a. = heimill.
heimol-leikr, m. intimacy \ -liga,
adv. (i) with full right to possession ;
(2) privately (fa e-m e-t -liga) ; -ligr,
adv. [i) intimate \ {2) private (heimol-
ligr klerkr).
heimr (-s, -ar), m. (i) a place of
abode, a region or world (niu man ek
heima) ; spyrja e-n i hvern heim, to
ask one freely ; (2) this world (segSu
mer or heimi, ek man or helju) ; koma
i heiminn, to be born ; fara af heimi-
num, to depart this life ; liggia milli
heims ok heljar, to lie between life
and death ; (3) the earth ; kringJa
heimsins, the globe.
heim-reitS, f. (l) ride home ; (2) in-
roadf attack.
heims-aldr, m. age of the world;
-dlfa, f. quarter {part) of the world ;
-brestr, m. crash of the world \ -bygt$,
f. the peopled world.
heimska, {.folly, nonsense.
heimsk-liga, adv. foolishly ; Idta
-liga, to play the fool ; -ligr, 3.. foolish,
silly (heimsklig orS).
heiiQskr, a. foolish, silly ; verdr opt
heitum h. ma6r feginn, fair words
often make afooPs heart rejoice.
heimsku-verk, n. foolish deed.
heims-liga, adv. «= heimskliga.
heim-sokn, f. (i) visit ; (2) inroad,
attack on one's home (veita e-m -sokn).
heims-slit, n. pi. the end of the
world', -Bol, {. the sun ; undir heims-
solu, on earth.
heim-stoS, f. homestead.
heims-vist, f. living, dwelling',
-l)rit5jungr, m. = -dlfa.
heim-soekja (see scskja), v. to visit.
heimta (-m.ta, -mtr), v. (i) to draw,
pull', h. upp akkeri, to weigh anchor',
fig.,h. sik fram me6 fegjofum, to make
one's way by giving presents ; h. sik
i vin^ttu vi6 e-n, to get on friendly
terms with one ; h. nyt af fe, to fnilk
cattle ; (2) to get back, recover, regain
(J)6ttust l)eir hafa hann or helju heim-
tan) ; esp., to get home the sheep from
the summer pastures ; (3) /<? clai?n
(h. e-t at e-m) ; h. arf, skuld, toll, to
claim an inheritance^ debt, toll ; h.
vilmasli, to claim the fulfilment of a
promise ; h. e-n d tal vid sik, to ask
for an inten'iew with one ; (4) im-
pers., e-n heimtir, one longs (sliks var
v^n, at I)ik mundi pangat h.) ; (5) refl.,
heimtast fram at aldri, to advance in
years ; h, saman, to gather together,
join (heimtust brdtt skip bans saman).
beimta, f. (i) claim, demand (of
payment due to one) ; (2) esp. in pi.
(heimtur) bringing home sheep from
the summer pastures (verda h. godar).
heimting, f. claim, demand.
heimull, a. = heimoll, heimill.
heim- van, f. (i) prospect of coming
ho7ne ; {2) prospect of salvation.
hein, f. hone^ whetsto?ie.
heinar-smjor, -sufl, n. the grease
or liquor which mowers put on the
whetstone.
heiQ-berg, n. hone-quarry, -bryni,
n. hone, whetstone.
heipt, f. {\) feud, deadly war ; vinna
e-m h., to wage war against one\
deila heiptir, to wage deadly feud ;
(2) deadly hatred, spite (meirr af h.
en dst) ; h. ok harSindi, ill-will and
tyranny ; hafa h. d e-m, to hate.
heiptar-bloS, n. bloodshed', -feng-
ian, a. breathiiig hatred against one ;
-hugr, m. wrath, hatred (hafa -hug i.
e-m) ; -mal, n., -ort5, n. pi. words
breathing hatred.
heipt-fenginn, a. = heiptarfenginn ;
-gjarn, a. spiteful', -moSr, a. wrath-
ful ; -m.ogr, m. foeman, adversary ;
-raskr, a. vindictive, revengeful \
-utS. f. deadly hatred, revengefulness ;
-yrtSi, n. pi. words of hatred.
heit, n. (l) solemn promise, vow;
efla (stofna, festa) heit, to make a
vow ; strengja e-s h., to make a solemn
vow ; (2) pi. threats (hann st66 undir
heitum ok illyrdum).
heita (heit ; h6t, h6tum ; heitinn),
v. (i) to call, give a name to ; Grimni
mik hetu, they called me G. ; heitinn
HEITA
[1931
HELGAR-FRIDR
eptir e-m, called {natned) after one ;
(2) to call on one ; h. e-n ^ brott, to
call on one to be gone, lid one go
(heitit mik het3an); h. ^e-n, to exhort
one (in battle); to invoke (h. i. hinn
heilaga Olaf ) ; h. d e-n til e-s, to in-
voke {appeal to) one for a thing (hann
hdt i. t>6r til fulltings); (3) intrans.,
the pres. 'heiti* (not 'heit'j, to be
highly be called; OSinn ek nu heiti,
now I am called Odin ; Olafr heiti
ek, viy name is O.; Ulfr het ma6r,
there was a man, whose name was U. ;
beer heitir d Bakka (at Burfelli), there
is a farm called B. ; h. (to be reckoned)
frjals ma6r, hvers manns nidingr ; (4)
with dat. to promise (h. e-m e-u);
mantu, hverju J)li h^zt m^r, do you
remember what you promised m.e ? h.
e-m horSu, to threaten one ; B^rdi
var heitit meyjunni, the maid was
promised to B.\ (5) refl., heitast, to
vow, plight one's faith (J^eir hetust
reka Hakon or landi); h. e-m, to vow
ones person to o?ie (h. hinum heilaga
Olafi konungi) ; to be betrothed to one.
heita (heitta, heittr), v. (i) to heat
(h. spjot i eldi) ; (2) to brew (h. mun-
gat, h. ol).
heita, f. brewing (cf. olheita).
heitan, f. threatening.
heitanar-ort$, n. pi. menaces.
heitast (aS), v. refl. to make threats,
to speak threateningly (^aldrei heitaSist
hann vi3 uvini sina) ; h. til e-s, to use
threats to obtain a thing; h. at gera
e-t, to threaten to do a thing.
heit-bundinn, pp. bound by a vow
(i e-u vi5 e-n); -fastr, a. true to one's
word ; -fengi, f. the being -fengr ;
-fengr, a. able to eat one's food burn-
ing hot ; -f6, n. votive money ; -gut5,
m. a god to whofn one makes a vow.
heiti, n. najfie, denomination.
heiti ngar, f. pi. threats, impreca-
tions (h. ok hrakning).
heit-kona, f. on^s promised spouse ;
•oro, Xi, promise {of marriage).
heitr. 2l.{\) hot, burning', eldi heitari,
hotter than fire ; e-m verSr heitt, one
gets warm ; (2) hot, ardent, zealous
(verSa h. vi3 e-t).
heit-ramr, a. boasting, braggart,
ICEL. DICT.
heit-rof, n. breach of faith ; -rofi, m.
promise-breaker.
heitsi, a., verSa e-s h., to engage
oneself to a thing.
heit-strenging, f. making a solemn
vow ; -strengja (-da, -dr), v. to vow
solemnly {■=■ strengja e-s heit) ; -songr,
m. votive song.
heitu-hus, n. brew-house ; -ketill,
m. boiler ; -matSr, m. brewer.
hekla, f. cowled or hooded frock.
hel (gen. heljar, dat. helju), f. (i)
Hel {the goddess of death) ; blar sem h.,
black as Hel ; (2) abode of the dead
(gr^ta Baldr or helju) ; leysa hofu6
sitt (>r helju, to save oneself from
death ; rasa 1 helina opna, to rush
into open death ; liggja i. heljar J)remi,
to be on the verge of death ; (3) death
(|)ykkir ekki betra lif en hel) ; berja
e-n grjoti 1 hel, to stone one to death,
h61a, f. hoarfrost, rime.
hela h61d.i, h61dr), v. to cover with
rime ; to fall as rime.
hel-blar, a. black as death,
heldr, adv. compar. {\)more^ rather \
h. en, rather than^ more than (vdpn
t^eirra bitu eigi h. en vendir); (2) at
h., any the more ; also, all the more
(at h. tveimr, at ek mynda gjama
veita ySr ollum); at heldr f)6tt, even
although ; (3) rather (nu vartu h. til
skjotr, en ek h. til seinn) ; var brudrin
d6pur Li., the bride was rather sad;
(4) after a negative, but, on the contrary.
heldri, a. compar. better ; helztr, a.
superl. best; i heldra lagi, in a high
degree; pykkir monnum sd helztr
kos:r, the best choice.
hel-fuss, a. murderous (-fus bond) ;
-for, f. death,
helga (at5), v. (i) h. sdr land, to
appropriate land by performing some
sacred rites ; (2) to hallow to one (het
hann at helga |^6r allt landnam sitt) ;
(3) h. ping, to proclaifn the sanctity
of a meeting; h. e-n, to proclaim a
person inviolable; (4) refl., helgast,
to be sanctified,
hel-galdr, m. death-dirge,
helgan, f. {i) sanctification^ safictity ;
(2) sacrament,
helgar-fritJr, m. holiday-truce.
HELQI
[194]
HEPTA
helgi, f. (l) holiness^ sanctity (h. Olafs
konungs); (2) inviolability, security.
helgi-brigtSi, n. Sabbath-breaking \
-hald, n, holiday -keepings -staSr,
m. holy place.
helgr (gen. helgar, dat. and ace.
helgi ; pi. helgar), f. holiday, festi-
val \ hringja til helgar, to ring for a
festival.
hel-gratSr, m. voracity betokeniiig
death ; -grindr, f. pi. Net's gate.
heljar-karl, m., -mat$r, m. (i) ac-
cursed fellow ; (2) one doomed to die ;
-skinn, n. a dark-skinned person.
hella, i.fiat stone, slab of rock.
hella (-ta, -t), v. to pour out (h. e-u) ;
var hellt 1 J)ik mjolk, tnilk was poured
into thy tnouth ; h. ut blodi, t^rum, to
shed blood, tears.
hellir (gen. hellis, dat. and ace.
belli ; pi. hellar), m. cave, cavern.
hellis-berg, n. cavernous rock ;
-dyrr, f. pi. door {entrance) of a cave ;
-matSr, m. cave-dweller, outlaw ;
-munni, m. mouth of a cave ; -skuti,
vci. jutting cave.
hellna-grjot, n.flat stones, slabs.
hellu-steinn, vsx.flat stone^ slab.
helma, f. haulm, straw.
helming, f. = helmingr.
helminga (ac5), v. to halve.
helminga-skipti, n. division in two
equal portions.
helmingr (-s, -ar), m. half; at helm-
ingi, by half; skipta i helminga, to
share in two equal portions.
helmings-f61ag, n. joint ccmipany
(with equal shares).
helsi, n. collar ^ esp. for a dog.
hel-skor, m. pi. shoes for the dead ;
-stafir, m. pi. baneful characters ;
-strit5, n, agony.
heltast (t), V. refl. to become lame.
helti, f. lameness.
h61u-fall, n. fall of rime ; -kaldr,
a. rime-cold ; -l)oka, f . rime-fog, tnist.
hel-vegr, m. the way to Hel ; -viti,
n. hell, the abode of the damned.
helvitis-kvalir, f. pi. tonnents of
hell ; -maSr, m. a man doomed to hell.
helvizkr, a. hellish, infernal.
helist, adv. superl. (ef. ' heldr '), most
of all, especially (hefi ek J)at helzt 1
hug mer).
helzti, adv. far too (= helzt til) ; h.
lengi,yij;r too long.
helztr, a. superl., see * heldri '.
hemingr, m. the skin of the shanks.
henda (henda, hendr), v. (i) to
catch with the hand (hann kastaQi
heininni i lopt upp, en aUir vildu h.) ;
to pick out or up (hann safnar monn-
um til at h. svinin) ; h. e-t augum, to
catch with the eyes ; h. til smatt ok
stort, to pick up small and great alike,
look closely after ; h. gaman (skemtan)
at e-u, to take a delight in (hann
hendi skemtan at sogum ok kvasQum);
h. sakir i. e-m, to pick up charges
against one ; (2) to touch, concern one
(tiSendi J^au, er baeSi okkr henda) ;
(3) /^ befall, happen to one ; J)d hafdi
hent glcepska mikil, they had com-
mitted a great folly ; hann kvaS Jjat
dugandi menn h. {it happened to brave
men) at falla i bardogum.
hendi-langr, a. helpful, ready to
help (vera e-m -langr um e-t).
hending (pi. -arj, f. (i) catching \
var i hendingum meS |)eim, they were
near coming to close quarters ; (2)
rhyme or assonance ; rhyming or
assonattng syllable.
hendingar-ort5, n. rhyming syllable.
hendi-samr, a. picking, thievish.
hengi-skafl, vafuttingheap of snow.
hengja (-da, -dr), v. to hang up,
suspend ; to hang on a gallows ; h.
sik, to hang oneself.
henta (-nti, -nt, or atS), v. to ft, be
suitable for (s^rum monnum hentir
betr mj61k en mungat) ; eigi hentir
sva, // will not do that way.
henti-ligr, a. befitti
hentr.
hent-leikr, m. opportunity.
hentr, a.yf/, suited for one ; er slik-
um monnum bezt hent t)ar, there is
the right place for such men.
hentug-leikr, m.«» hentleikr.
hentugr, a. befitting, convenient.
heppi-fengr, a. making a good catch,
heppinn, a. lucky, fortunate.
hepta (-pta, -ptr), v. (i) to bind,
fetter ; h. hross, hest, to hobble a horse ;
(2) to impede, hinder (illt er flyjanda
at h.) ; h. sik, to restrain oneself, for-
bear-, refl. to be thwarted (heptist
ferd l)eirra).
HEPTI
[195]
HERJA
hepti, n. haft (of a dirk),
hepting, f. tether ; iinpediment,
hepti-sax, n. a kind of digger.
h6r, adv. (l) here ; i. landi h., in this
country ; h. ok hvar, here and there ;
(2) here^ hither (margir peir er h.
koma); (3) with preps., h. af, here
from, from this ; h. eptir, hereafter,
according to this\ h. iyx\r, for this,
therefore-, h. til, hereto \ h. um, in
this, as regards this.
heratS, n. (i) district \ (2) country,
opp. to 'beer' {town).
heratSs-bondi, m. franklin ; -bot, f.
bettering the affairs of a district ;
-brestr, m. a crash that can be heard
all over the district ; -bygS, f. a dis-
trict and its people ; -deild, f. district
quarrel; -flleygr, a. quickly known
over a district ; -flotti, m. flight or
exile from a district', -fundi*, m.
district meeting ; -iseta, f. = -vist ;
-kirkja, f. parish church ; -konungr,
m. kinglet ; -rikr, a. of influence in
one's district', -sekr, a. outlawed
within a district ; -sekt, f. outlawry
within a district ; -stjorn, f. district
government ; -vist, f. abiding within
a certaiti district ; -vsert, a. n., eiga
-Vcert, to te at liberty to reside within
a district \ -J)ing, n. district assembly
(in contrast to the * alj)ingi ').
heratS-vaert, a. n. = heraSs-vasrt.
her-baldr, m. poet., warrior.
her-bergi, n. (i) room ; (2) lodgings,
quarters (var J)eim visat fyrst i gesta-
hus til herbergis).
herbergis-maSr, m., -sveinn, m.
groom of the chamber.
herbergja (-cSa, -tSr), v. (i) to har-
bour (a person) ; (2) to lodge, take up
one's qua7'ters (= h. sik).
her-blastr, m. blast of trumpets ;
-bot5, n. war summons ; -brestr, m.
explosion ; -but5ir, f. pi. camp ; -buinn,
pp. armed ; -biinaSr, m. armament.
hertSa (-rt5a, -rt5r), v. (i) to make
hard, temper (h. j^rn, sverd) ; (2) to
press, clench ; h. hendr (knua) at e-u,
to clench with the hands \ fists) ; fig., h.
atgongu, to make the attack harder ;
(3) to make firm, exhort', h. huginn,
h. sik, to take heart, exert oneself'.
(4) absol. to follow closely, pursue
vigorously (Birkibeinar herSu eptir
t>eim) ; h. dfram, to push on', h. at
(e-m), to press hard {upon one); (5)
impers. to become hard; ve6r (ace.)
herdi, // blew up a gale ; herSi seglit,
the sail was strained hard (by the
gale) ; (6) refl. to take heart (bad
konungr menn vel vi6 herdast).
liercSa, f. (i) tempering (of steel),
steeling; (2) hardness, severity.
hercSa-drengr, m. hump on the back
(cf. 'herdar'); -litill, a. narrow-
shouldered', -munr, m. superiority,
supe7i or force.
hertSar, f. pi. shoulders, the upper
part of the back.
her^ar-blatS, n. shoulder blade.
hert5a-sar, n. a wound over the
shoulders ; -toppr, m. shoulder tuft
(of a horse's mane).
herSi, f. hardness, hardihood.
hertSi-breic5r, a. broad-shouldered;
-litill, a. = herdalitill ; -lutr, a. with
stooping shoulders.
herSi-matSr, m. hardy man.
hertSi-roikill. a. = -breiSr ; -I)ykkr,
a. thick-shouldered.
hercSu-goSr, a. well tempered (0x
herSugoS ok snarpegg).
her-draga (see draga), v. to drag
violently (at gripa, sla, e5a h.).
her-fang, n. booty (taka fe e-s at
-fangi) ; -fenginn, pp. captured, taken
by force ; -fert5, f. ( i ) warfare, military
expedition ; (2) host.
herfi, n. harrow.
herfi-liga, adv. wretchedly ; -ligr, a.
wretched.
her-f j oturr, m. * war-fetter ' ; -flokkr,
m. body of warriors ; -folk, n. men
of war; -forur, f. pi. harness;
-foerr, a. able for war service; -f6r,
f. = -ferS (i); -ganga, f. inarch;
-gjarn, a. warlike; -glotuSr, m.
destroyer of hosts ; -hlaup, n. rush-
ing to arms ; -horn, n. war trumpet.
heri, m. hare ; hafa hera hjarta, to
be hare-hearted.
herja (acS), v. (i) to go harrying or
freebooting; (2) vi^ith ace. to harry,
despoil, waste (h. land) ; refl., herjast
i., to harry {wage war on) one another-
HERJA-FODR
[193]
HERTOGA-M'AFN
hei^a-foSr, nx.jather of hosts, Odin.
Herjan, m. Lord of hosts (a name
of Odin).
herjans-kerling, f. ha^'^ -sonr, m.
''deviPs limb\ wi-etch.
her-kastali, m. castle^ stronghold.
her-kerling, f., only in ' hver -kerl-
ing ', every old womaii.
herkja, v. to drag oneself along.
her-klukka, f. alar-m-bell \ -kleet^a
(-dda, -ddr), v. to clothe in armour \
refl., -klas^ast, to put on arinour ;
-klsstSi, n. pi. armour ; -konungr, m.
warrior-king \ -kumbl, -kuml, n.
war token, arms (on shields).
h6r-kvdma, f. arrival.
her-land, n. harried land; -leitSa
(-dda, -ddr), v. to lead off into cap-
tivity ; -leiSing, f. captivity ; -lei(5sla,
f. = -leiSing.
h§r-lendr, -lenzkr, a. domestic,
native, opp. to * litlenzkr ' {foreign).
her-liS, n. war-people, troops ; -ligr,
a. martial-looking ; -lii^r, m. war
tru7)ipet (peyta h.).
herma (-da, -dr), v. (i) to relate,
repeat, rep07't (h. orS e-s) ; (2) h. eptir
e-m, to imitate or mi7nic 07ie,
her-maSr, m. man of war, war-
rior (hann var mikill h.).
hermann-liga, 2.^\. gallantly, -ligr,
a. gallant, martial.
hermast (d), v. refl. to wax wroth
(e-m hermist vi6 e-n).
hermd, f. vexatioji, anger.
hermdar-fullr, a. wrathful', -litr,
m. colour of wrath ; -orS, n. pi. angry
words ; -verk, n. deed of renown (?) ;
-yrtSi, n. pi. = -or6.
her-megir, m. pi. warriors.
hermi-kraka, f. mimic, ape.
hermi-liga, adv. right angrily.
herming, f. indignation, wrath.
herm.t, pp. n., e-m ver6r h. vi3 e-t,
to wax angry with a thing.
h6rna, adv. here (= her).
herna^ar-folk, n., -menn, m. pi.
plunderers, foray ers ; -ra5, n. pi. a
planning for phinder ; -sok, f. a case
of raid.
hernatSr (gen. -ar), m. (i) harrying,
plunderifig ', (2) warfare, raid, foray
(heQa hernad, fara i hernaS).
her-nema (see nem.a), v, to cap*
ture, take by force.
hemeskja, f. artnour.
her-numi, a., -numinn, pp. captive \
-op, n. war-cry, war-whoop.
herr (gen. hers, older herjar), m.
(i) crowd, great number (fylgdi oss h.
manna) ; me6 her manns, with a host
of men ; uvigr h., overwhelming host ;
(2) army, troops (on land and sea).
Cf. 'allsherjar-'.
herra (indecl. in sing. ; pi. herrar),
m. master, lord.
herra (at5), v. to coftfer the title of
' herra ' upon a person.
herra-domr, m., -dcBmi, n. lordship ;
do7ninion ; -ligr, a. lo7'dly ; -maSr,
m. lordly man, lord, knight.
herramann-liga, adv. i7i lordly
manner; -ligr, a. lordly.
herra-samligr, a. = herraligr.
her-saga, f. war-news.
hers-borinn, pp. born of a hersir.
hers-hofSingi, m. co7nmander of an
ar}7iy ; general.
hersir (-is, -ar), m. a local chief or
lord (in Norway).
herskapar-buningr, m. warlike
equipment ; -foer i, n . i7nplement of war.
her-skapr, m. har7ying, warfare ;
-skar, a. (l) warlike, i7iartial', (2) ex-
posed to raid or warfare, i7i a state
of war (landit var J)a -skatt ; f J^ann
tima var mjok -skatt) ; -skip, n. war-
skip', -skjoldr, m. war shield', fara
land -skildi, to ha7-ry a land (= herja
land); -skru^, n., -skruSi, m. har-
ness ; -skryddr, pp. clad in armour \
-spori, m. caltrop.
herstast (st), v. refl. to speak hatshly
to one (h. i. e-n).
hersti-ligr, a. harsh.
her-stjori, m. co7nmander ; -stjorn,
f. conmiand of troops.
herstr, a. harsh ; masla herst vi6 e~n,
to speak harshly to one.
her-taka (see taka), v. to capture ;
-taka konu, to abduct a wo7nan ; -taka,
f. captivity ; -taki, m. captive ; -tekja,
-teknlng, f. = -taka.
hertoga-domr, m. leadership; duke-
do7n ; -doemi, n. duchy ; -nafn, n.
title of a duke.
HER-TOGI
[197]
HEYRA
her-togi, m. ( i ) commander of troops ;
(2) duke\ -vdSir, f. pi. armoury
-vapn, n. pi. weapons ; -vegr, m.
highway ; -virki, n. ravaging^ plun-
dering^ damage.
h6r-vist, f. dwelling here.
her-vigi, n. ravage^ 7nan- slaughter ;
"■v^^in^v ,T!\. plunderer ^ pirate \ -vaetSa
(-dda, -ddr), v. = -klaeSa.
herzla, f. tempering (of steel).
her-t)urft, f. wa7it of troops ; -or, f.
'■war-arrow' (sent round as a token
of war) ; skera upp -or, to su?n?tio?i a
district to arms.
'heaiiy-n. hazel-wood\ -kylfa, f. hazel-
club ; -skogr, m. hazel-wood \ -stong,
f. hazel-pole ; -vondr, m. hazel-wand.
hespa, f. (i) haspy fastening \ (2)
skeiti (of wool).
heata-at, n, horse-fight \ -birgr, a.
well provided with horses ; -geldir,
m. hoi'se gelder ; -geymala, f. hof-se
keepings -gneggjan, f. 7ieighing of
horses ; -gnyr, m. noise (din) of horse^
7nen ; -jdrn, n. pi. horse-shoes ; -keyr-
sla, f. drivi7ig the horses on, in a
horse-fight ; -kostr, m. supply of
horses (hafa litinn -kost) ; -lic5, n.
horsemen ; -matSr, m. = -sveinn ;
-skipti, n. change of horses ; -stafr,
m. horse stafi^ {used in a horse-fight) ;
-stallr, m. = hest-hus ; -sveinn, m.
horse doy, groo7n ; -vatS, n. horse ford ;
•vig, n. horse-fight ', -J)ing, n. a 77zeet-
ingfor a public horse-fight.
hest-bak, n. horse-back ; -bein, n.
horse bone ; -birgr, a. = hestabirgr ;
-brynja, f. ar77iour for a war-horse ;
-bunatSr, m. horse-gear \ -foerr, a.
able to ride ; -gangr, m. set of horse-
shoes ; -gjof, f. gift of a horse ; -bus,
n. horse-stall^ stable ; -kldrr, m. hack\
-Idn, n. loan of a horse ; -lauss, a.
without a horse.
bestr (-S, -ar), m. (l) stallion (hestar
l)rir ok merhross eitt) ; (2) horse.
best-skeitS, n. race-course ; -skor,
m. horse-shoe ; -tonn, f. horse'' s tooth ;
•verts, n. horse's worth ; -^^t n.
= hesta-vig ; -v6rc5r, m. mounted
guard (halda hestvorS).
betja, f. herOy dauntless man.
betju-skapr, m. courage^ valour.
betta, f. (i) hood\ (2) a kind oi cape.
bey (dat. beyi or beyvi), n. hay ;
hirSa h., to get in hay ; pi. stores of hay
(hann hefir rasnt mik ollum heyjum).
bey-annir, f. pi. hay-7)iaking ti77ie,
haying season ; -bjorg, f. stores of
hay (var6 all-litil -bjorg manna) ;
-des, f. hay-rick ; -fang, n. p7'oduce of
hay ; -fatt, a. n., var -fatt, there was
little hay ; -garcSr, m. stack-yard.
beygja (-tSa, -Sr), v. to bury in a
how i,haugr), = haugfcera.
bey-gjof, {.giving hay (to horses or
cows); -hj^lmr, m. hay-rick] -blass,
n. load of hay.
lieyja (liey» bdtSa, baiSr), v. (i) to
hold, conduct (h. ping, dom) ; h. gle3i,
to indulge in mirth ; h. sdr orSfjolda,
to acquire a store of words \ (2) h.
orrostu, bardaga, holmgongu, to fight
a battle or duel (hann haf5i margar
orrostur hadar) ; refi,, heyjast v\6 {viz.
bardaga), to fight, bandy words (t)eir
haSust par vi3 um stund).
beykjast (t), v. refl. to bend, cower
down (h. ni3r).
bey-kleggi, m. = -des ; -kostr, m.
stores of hay ; -lauss, a. short of hay ;
-leiga, f. rent paid in hay ; -leysi, n.
failure in hay; -litill, a. short of
hay ; var -litit, there was little hay.
beyra (-Sa, -tSr), v.{\)to hear ; hann
heyrir pat, er gras grcer i. jor6u, he
hears the grass grow ; h. ilia, to be
hard of hearing ; h. e-t til e-s, to heat
[a sound) fro77i one ; hefir hv^rki heyrt
til hans styn ne hosta, neither groan
7tor cough has been heard fro7n him ;
heyrir blastr (ace.) hans i alia heima,
when he blows, it ca7i be heard in all
the worlds ; {1) to listen to, give ear
to ; h. been e-s, to liste7i to (to grant)
07te''s prayer; h. a e-t, to listen to
(=hly(5a a e-t); (3) h. til e-s or h.
e-m til, to belong to, concer7i (petta
mal, er heyrir til dottur pinnar) ; pat
er til min heyrir, as far as I a77i con-
cerned ; (4) with dat. to behove (m^r
heyrir eigi at pegja vi3 y6r) ; (5) refl.,
e-m heyrist e-t, one thinks he hears ;
pa heyrSist peim ollum sem sveinninn
kvseSi petta, they all thought they
heard the boy say this {verse).
HEYRANDI
[198]
HIBD-IilGR
heyrandi (pi. -endr), m. hearer \ i
heyranda (gen. pi.) hlj63i,/« the hear-
ing of all ^ in public.
heyrt5r, pp. (i) able to hear (h. vel) ;
(2) listened to, paid heed to, esteetned
(biskup vel heyrSr).
heyri-ligr, a. becoming ; mer er -ligt
at, it is incumbent on Jiie to.
heyrin-kimnigr, -kunnr, a. well
known, known to all.
heyrn, f. hearing] i h. e-m, in one's
hearing] sumt ritaSi hann eptir sjalfs
sins \i.,fro7n what he heard himself.
heyrum-kunnr, a. = heyrin-kunnr.
liey-sala, f. sale of hay ; -stal, n. the
middle of a hay-stack ; -taka, f. plun-
der of hay ; -teigr, m. strip of a hay-
field ; -tjuga, f. pitchfork ; -verS, n.
payment for hay \ -verk, n. hay-
inaking] -vondull, m. wisp of hay ]
-J)rot, n. %uant of hay ; -J)rota, a.
indecl. short of hay ; -onn, f. = -annir.
hifna-, = himna-.
higat, adv. = hingat.
hildi-leikr, m. game of war, battle
(poet.) ; -mei^r, m. warrior (poet.).
hildingr (-s, -ar), m. chief, hero.
hildr (gen. hildar, dat. and ace.
hildi), f. battle (poet.) ; vekja hildi, to
wage war, to fight.
hilmir (gen. -is), m. chief , prince.
himbrin, n. great northern diver.
himin-bora, f. = -rauf ; -fastr, a.
fixed in heaven (of stars) ; -geisli, m.
heavenly beam ; -jo^urr, m. the rim of
heaven ; -lopt, n. the vault of heaven.
himinn (gen. himins, dat. hitani ;
pi. himnar), m. heaven ; undir berum
himni, in the ope?t air.
himin-raufar, f. pi. the windows of
heaven ; -riki, n. kingdofn of heaven ;
-skaut, n. quarter of heaven ; -tungl,
n. heavenly body ; -vangr, m. field of
heaven (a -vanga).
himna-brautS, n. bread of heaven,
manna ; -drottinn, m. king of heaven;
-fagnaSr, m. heavenly joy ; -mjol, n.
flour of heaven, man?ta ; -riki, n. kiftg-
dom of heaven ; -vald, n. heavenly
power ; -vist, f. abode in heaven,
hinmeskr, a. heavenly.
hind, f. hind (female of 'hjortr *).
hindra (atS), v. (i) to keep behind^
hinder ; (2) to loiter, linger ; h. eptir
e-u, to loiter about a thing ; (3) im-
pers., e-n hindrar e-t, one wants or
lacks a thing.
hindri, a. compar. (rare) , hind ra dags,
the next day,
hindr-vitni, f. idolatry, sicperstition.
hingat, adv. hither ; -burtSr, m. the
birth of Christ ; -ferS, -for, f. journey
hither] -kvdnia, f. coming hither ^
arrival.
hinka (ac5), v. to limp, hobble.
hinkr, n. loitering, delay.
hinn (bin, hitt), dem. pron. (i) the
other ] A hinn fotinn, on the other leg ;
pi. the others, the rest (Kimbi bar sar
sin engan mun betr en hinir) ; (2) em-
phatically, that ] hitt ek hugSa, that
was what I thought] hitt vil ek vita,
that I want to know.
hinn (bin, h't), def. art., before an
adjective standing alone or followed
by a substantive, the^ = inn, enn (eptir
hinni eystri kvisl).
hinn a, {.film, membrane.
hinnig (=hinneg, hinnog), adv.
(i) there, in the other place, opp. to
' her' ; (2) the other way ( = hinn veg) ;
( 3 ) thus, so ] (4) the other day, formerly ;
(5) hither.
hinztr (hinnstr), a. superl. hind-
7nost, last] hinzta smn\, for the last
ti?}ie ] h. fundr, the last 7neeting.
birS, f. a ki?igs or earPs bodyguard ;
the kings men (hann hefir ok h. um
sik sem konungr).
bir^a (-rSa, ^-r(5r), v.{\) to keep in
abox or chest{ksg<txhx\i\xh'\^\<£.hwxvi2.x,
{)ar sem a6r voru); (2) h. hey, to
gather in hay] (3) to hide, conceal]
(4) to jnind, care for (aldregi hirSi ek
t)at) ; h. eigi um e-t, not to care about
(t)eir hir6u ekki um lif sitt) ; hirS eigi,
hiiQit eigi, do not seek (bird eigi J)u at
hopa a hasl !).
hir ^-biskup, m. king^s bishop]
-broSir, m. comrade ajnong king's
men ; -bunac5r, m. apparel for king's
7nen.
hirtSir (-is, -ar), m. herds7nan, shep-
herd] pastor.
hircS-liS, n. the king's troops ; -ligr,
a. belonging to the king's 7nen, courtly
HIHD-IiOa
[199]
hjA
(-lig mdlsnild) ; -16g, n. pi. laws and
statutes of the kin^s men, their com-
rminity or fellowship (taka e-n i -log) ;
-ma^r, m. king^s man.
hirSmanna-iutSr, m. a trtmipet be-
longing to the king's men ; -stefna, f.
a hustings of king's men.
hirtS-meBr, f. court lady \ -prestr,
m. king's chaplain ; -prutSr, a. cottr-
teous ; -prytSi, f. royal po7np ; -sit5ir,
m. pi. the customs of the king's men ;
-stefna, f. ?neeting of the king's men ;
-stjori, m. the captain of the ki7tg's
men ; -stjorn, f. the dignity of a -^Xj^oxx ;
-stofa, f. king's hall; -sveit, f. the host
of king's men ; -vist, f. the position
of a king's man,
hirtSu-leysa, f. carelessness, neglects
hirsi, n. millet.
hirta (-rta, -rtr), v. to chastise.
hirting, f. chastiseme7tt.
hirtingar-lauss, a. unchastised ;
-leysi, n. want of chastise7nent ; -ortS,
n. pi. severe words ; -samr, a. severe.
hirzla, f. (i) keeping; (2) box^ chest.
hita, f. heati7ig, heat.
hiti, m. heat, war7nth.
hitna (at$), v. to beco7ne hot ; impers.,
e-m hitnar, one gets hot {war7n).
hitta (-tta, -ttr), v. {i) to hit upon,
meet with one ; \i.xi.1S, to hit upon a
device ; h. leiSina, to find one^s way ;
absol., h. inn i vaginn, to find the way
into the bay ; sjaldan hittir leiSr i 116,
an unwelco7ne guest always 77iisses
the feast ;. h. f vandrasSi, to get into
scrapes', h. i. e-t, to hit upon (hitti
hann ])ar a |>6rolf ) ; (2) to hit, strike
(spjotit hitti i brjost hestsins); (3) to
visit, call on, see (foru J)d margir
menn at h. Hakon konung) ; (4) refl.,
hittasr, to 77ieet one another-, hann
bad J)a vel fara ok heila h. {7neet agai7i
safe and sound).
hitu-eldr, m. a fire for heating
{brewing) ; -hiis, n. brew-house ;
-ketill, m. boiler.
hixta (-xta, -xt), v. to hiccough ; to
sob ; mefian i ond hixti, while the
breath rattled in his throat.
hixti, m. hiccough ; sobbing,
hi-byli, n. see ' hy-byli *.
liitS, n. lairy den^ esp. of a bear.
hit$-bj6rn, m. cotnmon bear.
hit, f. skin-bag.
hjal, n. chatter, talk.
hjala (atS), v. to chatter, talk (h. vi3
e-n); hjalast vi6, to talk together.
hjaldr (-rs), m. fight, battle (poet.).
hjal-drjugt, a. n. talkative, chatter-
ing; peim ver3r -drjiigt, they have
7nuch to say.
hjalli, m. ledge in a 7nountain side.
hjallr, m. (i) scaffold, frame of ti7n-
ber; (2) shed (for drying fish).
hjals-kona, {.fe7nalefrie7id.
hjalt, n. (i) the boss or knob at the
end of a sword-hilt (eptra, efra hjaltit) ;
(2) the guard between the hilt and
blade (fremra hjaltit).
Hjalt-land, n. .S'/^^//<^;?rt^; -lendingr
(-S, -ar), m. Shetlander; -lenzkr,
-neskr, 2i.fro7n Shetland.
hjara, f. hinge, — hjarri.
hjart5ar-sveinn, m. = hjarS-sveinn.
hjart5-hundr, m. shepherd's dog;
-reki, m. = -sveinn ; -rsekr, a. able to
drive a drove ; -sveinn, m. shepherd
boy ; -tik, f. shepherd's dog.
hjarn, n. hard frozen snow.
hjarna (atS), v. to revive, recover
strength (h. vi3).
hjarni, m. brai7t, = heili.
hjarn-skdl, m. brainpan, skull.
hjarri, m. hinge.
hjarsi, m. the crown of the head.
hjarta (pi. hjortu, gen. hjartna),
n. (i) heart; (2) 7ni7id, feeling.
hjarta-blauSr, a. cowardly; -bloS,
n. heart's blood; -gotSr, a. kind-
hearted; -ligr, a. hearty; -pruSr,
a. stout-hearted, ge7ierous ; -pry Si, f.
stoutness of heart, courage ; -ragr, a.
= -blaudr ; -roetr, f. pi. heart-strings ;
-sar, n. heart wound; -tregi, m.
heart-ache.
hjart-bl6t5, n. = hjarta- bl66 ; -folg-
inn, pp. heart-felt, cherished in the
heart ; -morr, m. the fat about the
heart; -naemr, a. heart-touching;
-sari, a. heart-sore, broken-hearted,
hjart-skiim, n. deer-skin (hjart-
skinns glofar).
hjassi, m. see 'hjarsi*.
hjassi, m. a fabulous beast.
hja, prep, with dat. (i) by, near;
HJA-BTJT
[200]
HJOH-DROTT
liggja (sitja) h. e-m, to lie [sit) by one ;
sofa (hvila) hji e-m, to sleep with one\
h. durunum, near {close to) the door ;
(2) ^j, with ; vera h. e-m, /^ stay with
one ; vera i gistingu h. e-m, to lodge
with one ; maSr einn var eptir h. hon-
um, was left with hi?n ; (3) present ;
sv^ at Flosi var h., i7i the presence
of F.\ (4) past^ by\ fara, ganga h.
e-m, to go by ^ pass one (md^naSi siSarr
foru l^eir h. mer katir) ; farast h., to
pass by one another \ fara h. ser, to go
beside oneself \ fram h. Knafaholum,
past K. ; I)eir riSu h. fram, they rode
by\ is) in comparison ivith {to) ; hofSu
J)eir iixx kvikfjar h. {)vi sem J)urfti,
they had few live stock in comparison
with what was needed.
hjd-bu, n. out-lyitig estate ; -hvila,
f. concubinage \ -kona, f. concubine \
-leikr, m. trick.
hjdlmat5r, pp. helmed.
hj dim-bar (5, n. hebnet-rim ; -b6nd,
n. pi. helmet strifigs ; -drott, f. helmed
hostf war host ; -gjortS, f. ri7n of a
hehnet\ -hottr, m. helmet-hood (a
kind of cowl put over the helmet) ;
-laukr, m. a kind of leek, gaidic.
hjalmr (-s, -ar), m. ( i ) heh7i^ helmet ;
(2) rick {of hay or barley).
l^dlm-stafr, m. warrior (poet.) ;
-stofn, m. the head; -vitr, f. ^ helm'
wight \ Valkyrie.
hjdlmun-volr, hj dim- voir, m. tiller
of a hebn.
hjdlp (-ar, -ir), f. help.
lydlpa (help ; halp or hjalp, hulp-
um; holpinn), v. (i) to help (h.
e-m); h. e-m vi6 = h. e-m; (2) to
save (h. lifi si'nu) ; refl. to be saved
(Jjd, munu ver hjalpastallir saman).
hjdlp a (at5), v. = prec.
hjdlpar-gata, f. a way to help.
hjdlpari, m. helper, saviour,
hjdlpar-lauss, a. helpless \ -mat$r,
m. (i) helper \ (2) one saved \ ek mun
vera -maSr, ef, / shall be saved^ if\
-rdtS, n. helping advice.
hjdlp-lauss, a. helpless ; -leysi, n.
helplessness ; -rdt$, -raetJi, n. helping
advice ; help., means of saving ; -sam-
ligr, a. helpful, salutary ; -semd, f.
helpf salvation ; -vsenligr, a. promis'
i7ig help, likely to help, salutary ;
-vaBnn, a. = -vaenHgr.
hjd-mdll, a. refractory, obstinate ;
-statSa, f. assista7tce ; -stigr, m. by-
path ; -tcekr, a. i7iissing 07ie's hold ;
-vera, -vist, f. p7-esefice.
hjol, n. wheel (vagnar i. hjolum) ;
brjota a hjoli, to break {a person) on
the wheel.
hjol-vagn, m. cart on wheels.
hjon or hjun, n. (i ) one of the house-
hold {gr\<Skom. \2ir hit t^riSja h.); (2)
pi. married couple, man a7id wife
(Hoskuldr bad hanavinna J)eim hjon-
um); (3) do7nestic, se7^'a7tt (ef J)u
synir skilriki, at harm se J)itt h. = J)inn
vinnuma6r); rezt hann J)ar at hjoni,
he took service there.
hjona, n. = hjon (rare).
hjona-band, n. 77iatri77io7iy ; -li^, n.
do77iestic serva7its\ -ligr, a. connubial;
-skilnat5r, m. divorce ; -tak, n. hiring
of servants ; -val, n. choice of ser-
vants (eigi hefik dyggt h.).
hjon-margr, a., hafa -margt, to have
77iany servants.
hjii (pi. hju, dat. hjum), n. = hjon,
hjun; (i) t)eir r^ku hann 1 stofu ok
hju hans oil, and all his household-
people; (2) hju gorSu hvilu, i7U7n and
wife went to rest; (3) hann reid heim
i. Laugaland ok red s^r hju, and en-
gaged serva7tts.
hjufra (aS), v. to weep.
hjuka(at5),v. to nurse a sick person
(h. e-m, h. at or vi6 e-m) ; refl., to
recover strength (hon hjukast litt vici
pessa fceSu).
hjukan, f. 7iursing (of a sick person),
hju-kolfr, m. co7ivivial 7neeti7ig.
hjun, n. = hjon.
hjupa (atS), v. to shroud (a corpse).
hjupr, m. a kind of doublet.
hjuskapar-band, n. bond of 7natri-
77iony ; -far, n. cohabitation ; -mdl, n.
a case referring to 77iarriage ; -rat5,
n. pi. the contracting of 77iatri7nony ;
-samlag, n. wedlock.
lyu-skapr, m. matri7no7iy.
hjdlp (gen. hjalpar), f. = hjdlp.
hjortS (gen. hjartSar, dat. hjortSu;
pi. hjartSir), f. herd, flock.
lyor-drott, f. sword- co7npany ;
HjOR-IiEIKR
[201]
HIi:6-BOHD
-leikr, m. ^ sword-play \ Jight \ -logr,
m. ' sivord-Hquid\ blood (poet.).
hjSrr (gen. hjarar and hjors, dat.
lyorvi), m. sword,
hjor-stefna, f. *" sivord-meetlng\
battle, fight (poet.).
hjortr (gen. hjartar, dat. hirti ; pi.
hirtir, ace. hjortu), m. ha7t, stag.
lyor-undaSr, pp. wotmded by a
sword \ -l)ing, n. = -stefna.
hla(5, n. (i) pile, stack \ {2) pave-
ment (in front of a homestead) ; (3)
border, lace-work ; feldr buinn hlo6um,
a laced cloak.
hlatSa (hlet5; hloS, hlo^um; hlatS-
inn), V. (i) to pile up (h. korni i
hjalma) ; h. grjoti (helium) at hofdi
odrum, to be present at another's
burial, to survive ; (2) to build, with
ace. (h. v^%^, vor6u); (3) to load^ esp.
lade a ship (h. skip e-u, af e-u, me6
e-u) ; kistur hladnar af gulli, chests
laden with gold ; (4) /<? fell, lay pro-
strate, with dat. (gdtu J)eir hladit honum
um si6ir ok bundu hann) ; h. seglum,
to take in sail', (s) to slay (bera vapn
^ Finnana ok fl hladit J)eim) ; (6)
refl., hiaSast at, to throng, crowd;
ver viljum eigi, at fjolmenni hlaSist
at {throng to see), er vererum afklaed-
dir ; hlaoast d mara boga, to mount
the horses.
hlaSa, f. store-house, barn.
hla(5-bu5, f. a booth with walls of
turf or stones.
hlac5-buinn, pp. oi'najnented with
lace, laced (= hloSum buinn).
hlaSi, m.pile, stack.
hlakka (aS), v. (i) to cry, scream
(of the eagle) ; (2) to i-ejoice ; h. yfir
e-u, to exult over a thing.
hlamm, n. a dtill, heavy sound.
hlamma (aS), v. {\) to give a dully
heavy soicnd; (2) to exult.
hland, n. urine ; -ausa, -skjola, f.,
-trog, n. urine trough.
hlass, n. cart-load.
hlaup, n. (i) leap, jump (Egill hlj6p
yfirdikit,en J)atvar ekki annara manna
h.); (2) run,running; taka h., to take
to running, to run (hann tok h, heim
til herbergis) ; vera i hlaupum ok
sendiforum, to run on errands \ (3) a
sudden rise (in a r'wer), fiood, freshet
(hlaup kom i dna) ; (4) assault («=
frumhlaup).
hlaupa (hleyp ; Ujop, hljopum ;
hlaupinn), V. {\) to leap, jump (hann
hljop meirr en hae6 sina); hljopu l)eir
a hesta sina, they sprang upon their
horses ; h. fyrir boro, utbyrSis, to leap
ove7-board ; h. a sund, to leap into the
water; h. upp, to spring to one's feet,
start up (J)d hljopu varSmenn upp) ;
(2) = renna, to run (Jjcir hlaupa eptir,
en hann kemst i. skog undan) ; refl.,
hlaupast a brott, to rtm away; (3) of
a river, to flood; hljopu votn fram ok
leysti amar, the waters rose in flood
and the ice was broken ; of ice, mikit
svell var hlaupit upp \there was a
great sloping sheet of ice) 66ru megin
fljotsins ; (4) with preps., h. at e-m,
h. a e-n, to attack one; h. ^, to come
suddenly on, spring up, of a gale i^i.
hljop a utsynningr steinoSi) ; h. saman,
of a wound, to heal over ; h. 1 sundr,
to open up again (s^rit var hlaupit i
sundr).
hlaupa-far, n. assault; pi. -for, up-
roar; '-piltr, m. errand boy.
hlaupari, m. (i) landlouper; (2)
charger (horse).
hlaup-ar, n. leap-year.
hlaupingi (pi. -jar), m. landlouper,
r tin aw ay.
hlaup-oSr, a. in a great flurry,
-rifr, a. precipitate ; -stigr, m. run-
away-path (taka e-n i. J)eim -stigi).
hlaut, f. blood of sacrifice.
hlaut-boUi, m. sacrificial bowl\
-teinn, m. sacrificial twig (for sprink-
ling the blood with).
hldka, f. thaw.
hlana (aS), v. to thaw (ve6r tok at
J)ykkna ok hldna).
hlalr (gen. -rar and -rs), m. laugh-
ter; reka upp h., to burst out laugh-
ing; hafa e-t at hlatri, to ridicule^
make a laughing-stock of.
hlatr-mildr, a. prone to laughing.
hl6, n. (i) shelter; (2) lee, lee side;
sigla a h., to stand to leeward.
hl6-bar$r, m. (1 ) leopard (also poet.
bear, wolf) ; (2) shield (poet.).
hl6-bortS, n. the lee side.
HIiEDI
[202]
HIij6D
hlet^i, m. shutter (= hleri).
hleifr (-s, -ar), m. loaf.
hleifs-efni, n. dough for a loaf.
hleina (-da), v. to guard oneself i^?).
hlekkjast (t), v., in the phrase, e-m
hlekkist d, one gets iinpeded^ suffers
miscarriage.
hlekkr (-s or -jar ; pi. -ir), m. link ;
pi. a chain of links.
hlemmr (-s, -ar), m. trap-door,
hlenni, m. robber (poet.).
hlenni-macSr, m. robber^ thief.
H16r (gen. Hies), m. the Sea.
hler, n. listening', standa a hleri, to
stand eaves-dropping or listening.
hlera (acS), v. to listen.
hlesrpa (-ta, -t), v. (i) to make one
run or go ; to move or impel in some
way ; h. njosnarmonnum i. land upp,
to send spies ashore ; hleypti hann
annarri briininni ofan a kinnina, he let
one eye-brow sink upon the cheek ; h.
hurd i Ms, to shut a door ; h. dnni i
veg sinn, to lead the river into its
channel \ h. e-u i. e-n, to cause to fall
upon 07te (hleypti Groa skrifiu d ^^) ;
hann hleypir ut vatni miklu or sulli-
nxxvsx^he presses much water out of the
sore ; h. or e-m auganu, to poke the eye
out ; (2) to throw off (h. heimdraga-
num) ; h. akkerum, to cast anchors ;
(3) h. berki af trjam, to cut the bark
off the trees \ h. upp dominum, to break
up the court (by violence) ; (4) to
gallops ride swiftly = h. hesti (Hrung-
nir var6 reiSr ok hleypti eptir honum).
hleypi-fifl, n. a headlong fool\
-flokkr, m. band of rovers \ -for, f.
ramble, roving \ -hvel, n. a kind of
war engine ; -ma^r, m. rover.
hleyping, f. galloping.
hleypi-piltr, m. errand-boy ; -skip,
n., -skuta, f. swift boat.
hleyta-menn, m. pi. kins^nen.
hleyti, n. (i) part==\&y\.\ ; (2) pi.
affinity ; g0ra h., bindast hleytum vi6
e-n, to marry into atiother's family.
hliS, n. (i) gate, gateway (h. heitir
d garfii) ; (2) wide gap ; (3) space,
interval (var hvergi h. 1 milli) ; (4)
space oj time ; pause, halt (eptir {)at
vard h. i. orrostunni).
hlitS (pi. -ar), f. side ; standa i. aSra
h. e-m, to stand on one side of one ; ^
tvasr hli^ar e-m, on either side of one \
i. allar hliSar, on all sides.
hlit5a (at5), v. to give way, recede
(h. undan, h. fyrir e-m) ; refl., hliSast,
to become open.
hlitS-farmr, m. *■ side-burthen'' , load
(-farmr Grana); -lauss, a. without
a gate or openiftg (veggir -lausir) ;
-msBltr, pp. said in oblique speech,
HliS-skjalf, f. the seat of Odin.
hliS-skjar, m. side window ; -veggr,
m. side wall.
hlic5-v6rt5r, m. porter.
lili(5 (pi. -ir), f. mountain side^ slope
(fagrar hliSir grasi vaxnar).
hlif (pi. -ar), f. cover, shelter, pro-
tection, esp. shield.
hlifa (-tSa, -t), v. [i) to shelter, pro-
tect, with dat. (h. sdr med skildi, en
vega me5 sverSi) ; (2) to spare, deal
gently with (mun ek ekki h. pdr i g0rS-
inni) ; refl., hlifast vi6 e-n, to spare
one (hann hlifSist '^i. vi6 engan mann) ;
h. vi5 at g0ra e-t, to refrain fro7?i
doing a thing', h. vi6, to hold back
(sumir hlifdust vid mjok).
hlifar-lauss, a. uncovered.
hliftS, f. protect io7i, defence.
lilifSar-lauss,a. = hlifarlaus ; -sta^r,
m. safe place ; -vdpn, n. weapon of
defence.
hlifi-skjoldr (hlif-skjoldr), m. shield
of defence (hafa e-n at -skildi).
hlit, f. sufficiency, satisfaction ; til
(nokkurrar) hlitar, tolerably, pretty
well ; at go Sri h., very well indeed.
hlita (-tta, -tt), v. {i) ,to rely on,
trust, with dat. (hlitir AstriSr ekki
oSrum konum at J)vi at J)j6na honum
i lauginni) ; (2) to rest satisfied with,
be content with (var hann kvasntr, en
hiitti J)6 eigi J)eirri einni saman) ; eigi
ma l)vi einu h., er bezt J)ykkir, one
must put up with somethitig short of
the best ; eigi mun minna vi8 h., less
than that will not do ; eigi muntu J)vi
einu fyrir h., thou shall not get off
with that ; (3) to submit to, abide by
(h. sastt, h. orskurSi, domi, rdSum e-sj.
hljoS, n. (i) silence, hearing', bi6ja
(kveSja sdr) hljoSs, to beg {ask for) a
hearing (Njdll kvaddi sdr hljods) ; ii.
hlj6©a
[203]
HLUTR
h., to get a hearings Jsegja Jjunnu
hlj63i, to keep a watchful silence ; af
hlj66i, i hljoSi, in all stilhiess, silently ;
(2) sound (f>orfinnr kom engu hljoSi 1
luSrinn) ; konia a h. um e-t, to be-
come aware of\ drepr h. or e-m, one
is struck dumb ; (3) musical sound,
tune ; (4) trujnpet (h. Heimdallar =
Gjallarhorn).
hljoSa (aS), V. to sound (hverr stafr
hIjoSar me6 longu hlj6c3ie5a skommu).
Iilj6(5a$r, a. soundi7ig\ sorgsamliga
h., having a plaintive 7iote.
hljo^a-grein, f. distinction of sou?id,
accentuation.
hljot^an, f, sound, tune.
hljoS-bjalla, f. tinkling bell\ -fall,
n. conso?iancy ; -fegi cS, f. euphony ;
-fyllandi, m., -fylling, f. = stuSill ;
-foeri, n. inusical instrument ; -gotSr,
a. well-tuned \ -Idtr, a. reticent, taci-
ttirfi ; -leikr, m. silence, sadness ;
-liga, adv. i7i all stillness, silently ;
-ligr, a. silent; -lyndr, a. taciturn ;
-IsBti, n. stillness ; -iQikill, a. shrill-
sounding ; -maBli, n. secrecy ; fcera
e-t i -mseli, to hush up.
hljo^na (aS), v. to become silent',
t)ar til hljodnar um mal f)essi, //// the
noise about it subsides.
hljo^r (hljotS, hljott), a. silent^ taci-
turn ; tala hljott, to speak in a low
voice ; lata hljott um sik, to keep
quiet : var hljott, there was silence.
hljotS-sainliga, adv. = hljoSiiga ;
-samr, a. = hljoSr ; -semd, -semi, f.
stillness^ calmness.
hljoSs-grein, f. (i) ^ kind of sotmd \
(2) pronunciation ; (3) accentuation,
hljotS-stafr, m. vowel.
hljomr (gen. -s), m. sound, tune.
hljota (hlyt ; hlaut, hlutum ; hlot-
inn), V. (i) to get by lot, to have al-
lotted to oneself {hon hlaut at sitja hja
Bjorgolfi) ; (2) to get (h. sigr) ; margir
hlutu gott af hans ra6um, many bene-
fited by his counsels ; (3) to undergo,
suffer (h. hogg, ufor, harm) ; (4) to
be obliged to ; s va mun nu h . at vera,
it must needs be so ; fara hlytr J)u me6
m^r, thou 7nust go with me ; ( 5 ) refl. ,
hljotast af e-u, to result or proceed
from (mun her h. af margs manns
bani) ; hlauzt svi til, at ^i. tunnu ^tti
Ingimundr, it so happened that.
hlotnast (at5), v. refl. to fall to one's
lot {%-m hlotnast e-t).
hloa, V. to be boiling hot.
HloSyn (gen. -ynjar), f. the Earth.
hlummr (-s, -ar), m. handle of an oar.
hlumr (-S, -ir), m. (i) = hlummr;
(2) roller = hlunnr.
hlunka (a(5), v. to give a dull, hollow
sound (bruin hlunkaSi undir hofunum
hestanna).
hlunn-gotl, m. poet. ship.
hlunnindi, n. pi. emohiments.
hlunnr (-3,-ar),m. roller for launch-
ing or drawing up ships.
hlunn-vigg, n. poet. = -goti.
hlust (pi. -ir), f. ear (= eyra).
hlusta (at5), v. to listen (h. til e-s).
hluta (a$), V. (l) to draw (cast) lots
for a thing (h. e-t or h. um e-t) ; (2)
to select by lot (voru menn hlutadir til
skipstjornar) ; (3) refl., hlutadist sva
til, at, // so tur7ied out that ( = hlauzt
sva til, at) ; hlutast til e-s, to meddle
with a thi7ig (ekk'i hefi ek hlutazt til
mdlaferla yovarra) ; h. til me6 e-m,
to assist one in a case.
hlut-deila (-da, -dr), v. to meddle
with a thing (-deila e-t) ; -deilinn, a.
meddleso77ie ; -deilni, f. 7fteddleso7ne-
ness ; -drjiigr, a. lucky, getti7ig the
better share ; -fall, n. casti7ig of lots ;
leggja e-t til -falls, to settle a thing by
drawing lots ; bj63a til -falla, to bid
one proceed to cast lots ; -gengr, a.
up to the mark ; -gengr vi6 e-n, equal
to one, a match for one ; -girni, f. =
-deilni ; -gjarn, a = -deilinn.
hluti, m. [i) part (1 J)eim hluta ver-
aldar) ; at minum hluta, /(^r 77iy part,
as far as I am concerned', (2) share,
lot ; gera a hluta e-s, to wrong one ;
eptir er enn ySarr h., your part [of the
work) re77iains yet.
hlut-lauss, a. not partaking in^
having taken no part in (-lauss eSr
sykn af manndrapi) ; -laust, adv., riSa
-laust, to pass free, un7nolested.
hlutr (-ar, -ir), m. (i) lot', bera
(leggja) hluti i skaut, to throw the lots
into a cloth [lap of a garment) ; skera
(marka) hluti, to mark the lots ; (2j
HLUT-R^NINGR
[204]
HLODU-VIlSrDAUGA
mmilei, talisman (h. er horfinn or
piissi pinum) ; (3) share, allotment,
portion (hann foerSi 01vi skip sin ok
kallar J)at vera bans hlut) ; (4) part
(of a whole) ; hoggva 1 tvd hluti, to
cut in two parts ; mestr h. Ii6s, the
tnost part of the company ; meiri h.
domanda, the majority of the judges ;
tveim hlutum dyrra, twice as dear ;
(5) participation ; eiga hlut i e-u or
at e-u, to have part i?t, be concerned
in (m^r uggir, at hdr muni eigi gasfu-
menn hlut i eiga) ; par er J)u aettir hlut
at, wherein thou wast concerned ; (6)
condition, position, lot', eiga hlut e-s,
to be in one^s place {position) ; ef l)u
aettir minn hlut, if thou wert in my
place ; Idta hlut sinn, to be worsted ;
sitja yfir hlut e-s, to oppress, weigh a
person down ; leggja hlut sinn v'vS e-t,
to cast in one's lot with, to espouse a
cause; hafa (fa) hasrra, meira (laegra)
hlut, to get the best {worst) of it ; (7)
thing', allir hlutir, ^//M/^^j- ; kynligr
h,, a strange thing; uni alia hluti, in
all things, in all respects.
hlut-raBningr, m. one robbed of his
share ; ver6a -rseningr e-s or fyrir
e-m, to be unfairly dealt with ; -samr,
a. meddlesome (um e-t) ; -seigr, a.
tenacious, obstinate; -skipti, n. (i)
sharing; (2) booty; (3) share, lot;
-saell, a. getting the best share ; -tak-
andi, -takari, m. partaker ; -vandr,
a. upright, honest ; -verk, n. work
allotted, task.
hlykkjottr, a. crooked.
hlykkr (-3, -ir), m. bend, curve.
hlymja (hlym, hlumda, hlumit),
V. to 7nake a loud noise.
hlymr (-s, -ir), m. a resounding
noise (hlymr var at heyra).
hlynna (-ta, -t), v. to prepare the way
for 07ie (h. fyrir e-m).
hlynr (-s, -ir), m. maple tree.
hly, n. warmth (sumar-hlyit).
hlytSa (-dda, -tt), v. (i) to listen
(eyrum hlySir hann, en augum sko6-
ar) ; h. e-m, to listen {give ear) to
one ; h. messu, ti5um, to hear mass,
attend service ; h. d e-t or til e-s, to
listen to (sitja menn I)ar umhverfis ok
hlyda til sogunnar) ; (2) to yield to,
obey (h. rdSum, orSum e-s) ; {2,) to do,
be permissible or proper ; hlySir t)a3
hvergi (// will not do) at hafa eigi log
i landi ; engum 63rum skyldi f)at h.,
nobody else should dare to do so ; Einar
let engum h. moti at masla, E. would
not hear of any one' s gainsaying ; (4)
refl. to listen (hann hlydist um, hv^rt
nokkurir vekti) ; to be allowable (kon-
ungr sagSi, at J)eim skyldi l)at ekki
hlySast).
hly Sinn, a. (i) willing to give ear
to one, cojnpliant (hann var h. vinum
sinum um 611 gob r^Q) ; (2) yielding
homage to one.
hlyoi-samt, a. n. suitable^ proper ;
vera h., = hlyQa (3).
hlySnast (a$), v. refl. to obey (ef
J)er vilid mer hlySnast).
hlytSni, f. obedience, homage ; -brot,
n. disobedience (vi6 e-n) ; -mark, n.
tokefi of obedience.
hlyja (hly, hlySa, hliiit), v. to cover,
shelter (hly rat henni borkr ne barr).
hlyr, n. (i) cheek; h. ro3na3i, her
cheek reddened; (2) bow of a vessel,
— kinnungr ; (3) the flat of an axe.
hlyr-bjartr, a. having brightly
painted bows (of a vessel).
hlyri, m. friend, brother (poet.).
hlaBJa (hlsB ; hlo, hlogum ; hleg-
inn), v. (i) to laugh ; h. hdtt, to
laugh loud ; h. at e-u, to laugh at ;
J)au ti6endi,er J)eim hid hugr vi3, that
gladdened their hearts ; (2) h. e-n, to
laugh at, deride one.
hlsBr (hl89, hls9tt), a. warm, mild
(ve6r var pykkt ok hlaett).
hloeSa (-dda, -ddr), v. (i) to lade
(h. skip) ; h. hest, to load, saddle, a
horse ; (2) with dat. to load (J)u munt
gulli h. a Grana bogu).
hloegi, n. ridicule ; fd e-m hloegis,
to make one a laughing-stock.
hloegi-liga, adv. laughably; -ligr,
a. laughable ; -mall, -mdlugr, -orSr,
a. humorous.
hloBgja (-5i). V. to make one laugh ;
t)at hlcEgir mik, at, it makes me glad,
J am rejoiced, that.
hloeg-ligr, a. = hloegiligr.
hl66u-dyrr, f. pi. door of a barn ;
-vindauga, n. barn window.
HL0RA
[205]
hnj6skr
hl0ra (a?5), v. = hlera.
hna'^a (hnof ), v. to cut q^(ra.Te).
hnakka-bein, n. neck-bo7ie ; -filla,
f. the flesh and skin on the nape.
hnakk-band, n. anchor cable.
hnakki, m. the back of the head,
nape of the neck.
linakk-mi(Si, m. anchor-buoy.
hnakkr, m. (i) nape = hnakki ; (2)
stool = knakkr.
hnefa (aS), v. to clasp with the fist.
hnefa-hogg, n. a blow with the fist ;
-tafl, n. a ki7id of chess.
hnefi, m. (i) closed hand, fist \ (2)
the king i 71 hnefa-tafl.
hnef-tafl, n. = hnefatafl.
hneigja (-c5a, -cSr), v.{\) to bow, bow
down, bend, inclnie ; h. sik, to make a
bow ; h. sik til vi6 e-n, to bow down,
pay homage to one ; h. e-m, tobowdown
to one ; h. eptir e-m, to be biassed
towards one ; (2) refl., hneigjast,
to lean ; h. af villu, to forsake heresy ;
h. til e-s, to lean towards a person ;
h. fyrir fortolur e-s, to be swayed by
another'' s persuasions.
hneisa, f. disgrace, shame (gera,
vinna, e-m hneisu). Cf. ' neisa '.
hneisa (-ta, -tr), v. to disgrace (h.
e-n). Cf. 'neisa'.
hneisu-liga, adv. (i) disgraceftflly ',
(2) insultingly.
hneita (-tta, -ttr), v. to cut (rare).
hnekking, f., hnekkir, m. check,
rebufi^ {\\2S2. hnekking).
hnekki-stJkill, m. bump on the head.
hnekkja (-ta, -tr), v. (i) to drive
back, with dat. (si3an let Egill h.
nautunum ut a myrar) ; h. e-m frd, to
repel, repulse, (2) to check, thwart,
prevent ; h. for sinni. to halt and go
back again', h. vandu ra5i, to pre-
vent an evil deed', ^(3) to fall back,
withdraw (hnekkja Irar nu fra).
hneppa (-ta, -tr), v. (i) to ctirtail ;
hneppt em ek at brcedrum, / am be-
reft of brothers ; {1) to thrust, force
(Hrolfr hneppti hann undir sik, ok
setti knd fyrir brjost honum) ; h. folk
i praslkan, to keep a people bound in
thraldom.
hneppi-liga, adv. scarcely, scantily.
hneppr, a. scant', aetla hneppt til
jolanna, to make scant provision for
Christmas.
hneri, m. sneeze, sneezing.
hneyking, f. shame, disgrace.
hneykja (-ta, -tr), v. to put to shame,
confound, with ace. (h. grimmleik
heiflinna I)j65a).
hneyksli, n. disgrace, dishonour \
-yr^i, n. ^l.foul lajiguage, cahcmny.
hnigna (a3), v. to begin to sink,
decline (e-rr er, gerist, hnignandi).
hnipinn, a. drooping, downcast.
hnipna (atS), v. to beco7ne downcast,
to droop (hnipnaSi J)a Grani).
hnippa (-ta, -t, or a5), v. to poke ;
hnippadi kolli hverr at o3rum, they
laid their heads together^ 7iodded signi-
fica7itly ; refl., hnippast, to quarrel
( = h. vi6) ; h. ordum vi5 e-n, to bandy
words with one.
hnita (aS), v. to weld together.
kniga (hnig ; ]in6 and hneig, hnig-
um ; hniginn), v. (i) to fall gently,
si7ik down (hnd GuSrun holl vi6 bol-
stri) ; h. at armi e-m, to si7ik into
one's a7'7ns ; (2) to fiow (hnigu heilog
votn af himinfjollum) ; (3) /<? siTik
down, fall dead (= h. at velli) ; h. at
grasi, i gras, to bite the grass, to die ;
(4) to incline, turn ; eigi matti sja
hvernig h. mundi, which way the scale
would turn (in a battle) ; (5) h. til e-s,
to tur?t towards{\3.r]2i[n3in {)eirra hlutr
betri, er til bans hnigu) ; h. til liQs,
hjalpar \\6 e-n, to side with one ; (6)
pp., hniginn, adva7iced {stricke?t) in
years, = h. a aldr, h. at aldri ; of a
door, shut ; var hurS hnigin, the door
was dow7i ; hur3 hnigin a halfa g^tt,
i. miSjan klofa, half shut, half down.
hnipa (-ta, -t), v. to be downcast,
droop (hann hnipti i jorSina).
hnisa, f. po7poise.
hnita (hneit, hnitu), v. to strike,
wotmd', hjorr hneit vi6 hjarta, the
steel touched the heart.
hnjoSa (hnyS ; hnautS ; hnotSinn),
v. to rivet, clinch (Helgi hnau6 hjalt
i. sverd).
hnjotS-hamarr, m. rivet ting ha7n-
mer ; also as a nickname.
hnjosa (hnys, hnaus), v. to stteeze.
hnjoskr, m. touchwood, = fnjoskr.
HNODA
[206]
HORFA
hnotSa, n. clew.
hno8-saumr, m. clincher nails.
hnoss (pi. -ir), f. costly thing, orna-
ment (hverr vildi m^r hnossir velja).
hnot (gen. -ar, pi. hnetr), f. nut.
hnot-skogr, m. nutwood, hazelwood.
hnugginn, pp. bereft (miklu h.).
hnuka (-ta, -t), v. to sit cowering.
hnuta, f. = knuta.
Iiny5ja, f. club, rammer.
hnykill (gen. -s, dat. hnykli ; pi.
hnyklar), m. knot, tumor.
iinykka-stafr, m. a kind oi pegij)
hnykking, f. pulling.
hnykkja (-ta, -tr), v. to pull vio-
lently, with dat. (h. e-m til sin) ; h.
e-u upp, to pull up a thing', absol.,
pykkist sveinninn hafa vel hnykkt, he
thought he had made a good pull.
hnySingr (-s, -ar), m. dolphin.
hnyfil-drykkja, f. drinki?ig-bout.
hnyfill, m. short horn (= knyfill).
ImcBfi-ligr, a. taunting (-lig or6).
hnoefil-yrtSi, n. pi. taunts, gibes.
hn0ggr (ace. -van), a. stingy (h. fjir).
hn0ri, m. = hneri.
hodd, f. hoard, treasure (poet.).
hof, n. heathen temple.
liof-ferS, f. pride, pomp ; -folk, n.
courtiers ; -garSr, m. lordly mansion,
hof-go(5i, m. temple-priest ; -gytSja,
f. priestess ; -helgr, f . temple-feast.
hof-lytSr, m. = hof-folk ; -matSr, m.
courtier ; gentleman in waiting.
hofs-dyrr, f. pi. teinple-doors ; -eiSr,
m. temple-oath ; -gooi, m. = hofgoSi ;
-helgi, f. sanctity of a teinple ; -mold,
f. tevipie-earth, holy mould.
hof-statSr, m. sanctuary ; -toUr, m.
iempie-toll, rate.
hoka, hokra (at$), v. to crouch (h.
e6a skriSa) ; h. undan, to slink away.
hoi, n. hollow, cavity, esp. cavity of
the body ; ganga (hlaiipa) i. h., to
pierce to the inwards (of weapons) ;
hit efra h., the cavity of the chest ;
nefira h., the stomach.
hoi a, f. hole, hollow.
hola (atS), V. to make hollow.
hol-blotS, n. blood from the inwards.
hold, n. {i) flesh ; svorSr ok h., ski?t
and flesh ; bjarnar h., bear's flesh ;
(2) ^\.fleshiness\ -borinn, pp., -borinn
broSir, one's own brother; -fui, m.
fnortification.
holdgan, f. incarnation.
holdgast (atS), v. refl. to take flesh.
hold-groinn, pp. grown to the flesh ;
-ligr, a. carnal (-lig dst) ; -ligr broQir,
one^s own brother ; -litill, a. lean.
holdr, a. fleshy ; vel h., well-fleshed.
hold-rosa, f. fleshy side of a hide ;
-tekja, f. = holdgan.
hol-fenni, n. hollow pile of snow ;
-gomr, a. having a hollow palate ;
-hoggvinn, pp. cut iftto the cavity of
the body.
hollendr, m. pi. supporters.
hollosta, i. faith, loyalty (vi3 e-n).
hollr, a. {i) faithful, loyal (h. e-m) ;
of the gods, gracious (hoU regin) ; (2)
wholesojne, salutary (hoU rd,6).
holl-rat5r, a. giving wholesojne coiai-
sel ; -rastSi, n. wholesome counsel.
holr, a. hollow ; h. innan, hollow
within (petta gu6 er holt innan).
hol-sdr, n, wound in a vital part.
holt, n. (i) wood (opt er i holti heyr-
andi nasr) ; (2) rough stony ridge.
holt-ric5, n. wooded ridge.
hol-und, f. a wound entering the
cavity of the body ; mortal wound.
holundar-sdr, n. = hols^r, holund.
hopa (atS), v.{\)to move backwards ;
h. hestinum undan, to back the horse ;
(2) to draw back, retreat (= h. aptr,
a hsel, undan).
hoppa (atS), v. to hop, skip.
hor-digull, m. a clot of mucus hang-
ing froin the nose.
horfa (-Sa, -t), v. (i) to turn {be
turned) in a certain direction ; horldi
upp eggin, the edge turned tipwards ;
su6r horfSu dyrr, the door looked
south ; h. baki viQ e-m, to turn the
back against one ; h. vi6 e-m, to face
one ; fig. to set oneself against one
(]3eir er heldr hofflu vi6 honum horft 1
sinum huga) ; (2) to look in a certain
way, to have a certaift appearance ;
h. uvaent, to look unpromising (uvaent
horfir um ssettir) ; hvarum horfir
^•aenna, who is more likely to get the
better; h. fastliga, erfiSliga, to look
diffi-ciilt ; horfir mjok i moti oss, mat-
ters look bad for us ; horfir til gamans
HORFA
[207]
h6lmi
mikils, there is a prospect of much
entertainment \ (3) refl., Hjalta J)6tti
i)d uvasnt d. horfast, H. thought that
matters looked unpromising'^ horfSust
{)eir Gizurr hofSum at, he and Gizurr
lay with their heads together,
horfa (at5), v. = horfa.
horfin-alda, a. indecl, -heilla, a.
indecl. luckless ; horiinheilla er mer,
luck has left me.
horfinn, pp. ; see ' hverfa (4) '.
horn, n. (i) horn (of cattle) ; vera
hardr 1 h. at taka, to be hard to take
by the horns, hard to deal with ; (2)
drinking-horn ; (3) horn, trumpet
(bMsa i h.) ; (4) corner, angle ; skytr
i tvau h. um e-t, there is a great dif-
ference between ; skytr i tvau h. me6
okkr, we are at variance ; (5) nook,
corner (in a house).
horna-flattr, m. flaying a hide with
the horns ; -skvol, n. noise of horns ;
-tog, n. a rope round the horns.
horn-blastr, m. sound of trumpets ;
-bogi, m. horn-bow ; -fiskr, vn. garfish
or green-bone ; -gofugr, a. proud of
his horns ; -kerling, f. old woman in
the cor7ier ; -kona, -reka, f. = -kerl-
ing ; -sil, n. stickle-back ; -skafa, f.
a scraper made of horn ; -spann, m.
hor7i spoon ; -stafr, m. corner pillar
in a building.
hornungr (-s, -ar), m. (i) bastard
son ; (2) scamp, outcast (vera h. e-s).
horr, m. (i) starvation ; detta nidr
i hor, to starve to death ; (2) mucus
from the nose,
horsk-leikr, m. knowledge, wisdom ;
-ligr, a. wise, noble,
horskr, a. wise (h. ok J)6gull).
hortugr, a. pert, impertinent,
hosa, f. hose, legging.
hosa^r, pp. wearing hose.
hosna-reim, f., -sterta, f. garter,
hot-vetna, see ' hvatvetna '.
ho, interj. hoh / ah ! oh /
hoa (at5), v. to shout * hoh ' (h. d feit).
"hof, n,{i)moderation,measure ; kunna
h., to show {observe) moderation ; J)d,
er h. i. {or at), then it is all right ;
at hofi, tolerably, moderately (jarl
svarar j)essu at hofi vel) ; e-t gegnir
holi, it is fair ; vel er J)essu til hofs
stillt, this affair is well settled \ 6x
hofi, beyond measure ; (2) proportion,
equal degree (hefSi hann lio at ^v\
hofi, sem hann er sjilfr fioekn ok
djarfr) ; {2,) judge?nent (vil ek, at J)u
hafir t)ar engis manns h. nema l^itt).
hof, n. feast, banquet.
hof-gullinn, a. with golden hoof\
-hvarf, n. pastern of a horse.
hof-lauss, a. immoderate ; -leysa, f.
immoderation, excess ; -liga, adv. (i)
with moderation ; {i) fitly ; {"i) fairly
(munu I)eir nu vera -liga hrasddir) ;
-ligr, a. moderate.
hofr (-B, -ar), m. hoof (of a horse).
hof-samligr, -samr, a. moderate,
temperate ; -semd, -semi, f. modera-
tiofi, temperance.
hof-skegg, n. fetlock.
hofs-matSr, m. temperate, just man.
hof-stilling, f. moderation.
hog-bsBrr, a. easy to bear ; -foerr, a.
lively, light (of a horse) ; -latr, a.
of easy temper ; -leiki, m. = -vaeri ;
-liga, adv. calmly, meekly ; taka -liga
d, to totich gently ; -ligr, a. easy,
gentle ; -lifi, n. easy {quiet) life ;
-Ijmdi, n. easy te?nper; -lyndr, a.
easy-tempered, peaceable ; -Iseti, n.
gentleness ; -samr, a. gentle ; -semd,
f. gentleness ; -seta, f. =» -lifi ; -styrt,
pp. n. easy to steer (eigi ver3r mer nu
-styrt fotunum) ; -vsera (-$a, -t5r), v.
to calm, appease ; -veertS, -vaeri, f.
calmness of mind ; -veerligr, -vserr,
a. gentle, meek of mind.
hoi, n. praise, flattery.
holfa (-di, -t), v. to capsize (t)ar
holfir skip i. sjonum).
holkr (-S, -ar), m. ring or tube {of
metal) on a staff, knife-handle, etc.
hoU (-S, -ar), m. = hvdll.
holmi-ganga, f. * hobn-going\ a duel
or wager of battle fought on an islet
(holmr).
holmgongu-botJ, n. challenging to
holmganga ; -log, n. pi. the law, rules
of h. ; -matSr, m. duellist ; -statSr,
m. a place where a ' holmganga ' is
fought; -sverS, n. a sword used in
' holmganga '.
holmi, m. (i) islet, »= holmr; (2)
knoll.
h6lm-lausn-
[208J
HREQQ
h61m-lausn, f. releasing oneself by
paying the ransom after a duel.
holmr (-S, -ar), m. holm^ islet ; falla
d hoi mi, to fall in a duel ; skora e-m
d holm, to challe7ige 07ie ; leysa sik af
holmi, to redeem oneself after a duel.
h61rQ-sta(5r, m = holmgongu-stadr ;
-stefna, f. meeting [duel) on a holm
(koma, ri5a til -stefnu).
hon, pers. pron. she.
hop, n. a small land-locked bay or
inlet (connected with the sea).
hopr (-S, -ar), m. troop, flock, crowd.
hor (gen. hos), va. pot-hook.
hora (at5), v. to cojnmit adultery (h.
^r horast undir bonda sinn).
hora, f. whore, harlot.
horan, f. adultery.
h6r-d6nir, m. adultery ; -karl, m.
adulterer ; -kerling, f. harlot ; -kona,
f. adulteress.
horr (gen. hors), m. adulterer.
hosta (at5), v. to cough.
hosti, m. cough, coughing,
hostr, m. ; see ' ostr '.
hot, n. whit^ bit ; hoti heldr, a bit
more, a good deal more ; with superl.,
h6ti h'kast, most likely ; t)at er hoti
umakhgast, that is least undeserved.
hot, n. pi. threats ; hafa i hotum vi6
e-n, to threaten one.
hota (a§), V. to threaten, = hoeta (h.
e-m) ; hotan, f. threatening.
hot-samr, a. menacing.
hra^a (at5), v. to hasten^ with dat.
hraS-byri, n. a fresh fair wind]
-byrja, a. indecl., sigla -byrja, to sail
with a strong wind \ -fara, a. indecl.
= -fcerr ; -feigr, a. doomed to instant
death ; -foerr, a. fleet, swift (hestr
-fcerr); -^e6\,Ti. hasty temper \ -liga.
adv. swiftly ; -meeltr, a. quick of
speech ; -maslt tunga, a glib tongue.
hratSr (hro5, hratt), a. swift, fleet.
hrafn (-s, -ar), m. raven.
hrafn-hvalr, m., -reySr, f. a kind of
whale ; -tinna, f. obsidian or agate.
hrak-, in compds., denoting wretched,
vile\ -bu, n. wretched hoti s eh old-,
-dyr, n. hunted deer\ -ferS, -for,
f. disgraceful journey ; -liga, adv.
wretchedly ; -ligr, a. wretched, dis-
graceful'^ -magr, a. wretchedly thin.
hrakning (pi. -ar), f. wretched treat-
ment, injury, instill (ek hefi af {jer
heitingar ok hrakning).
hrakningr (-3, -ari, m. = prec.
hrak-yrt5i. n.foul langtiage.
hramm-dyr, n. beast of prey.
hrammr i-j, -ar), m. bear's paw.
hrapa (a5), v. (i) to hurl, with dat.
(h. e-m til helvitis) ; (2) to htirry on^
hasten (h. ferS sinnij ; (3) to rtish on,
hurry (h. i. fund e-s) ; h. til dauSans,
banans, to rush headlong to destruc-
tion ; (4) to fall, tuiKble dowti (hrapafii
hann nidr i fjoruna).
hrapaSr, m. hurry ; af hrapaQi,
hurriedly.
hrapal-liga, adv. htirriedly, head-
long (fara -liga I ; -ligr, a. htirried.
hrapan, f. downfall.
hrap-ort5r, a. hasty in one's lan-
guage (Sasmundr var6 vi5 h.).
hrata (ac5), v. (i) to reel, stagger
(hann hrataSi vid, en fell eigi) ; {2) to
ttimble down, fall (hrataSi hann ofan
af pekjunni).
hrati, m. rubbish, trash.
hrauk-tjald, n. rickformed tent.
hraun, n. ( i ) rugged grotmd, wilder-
ness ; (2) lava field, lava.
hraun-bui, m. dweller in a ' hraun *,
giant; -hvalr, m. monster of the
wilderness.
hraun ottur, a. rugged, stony.
hraust-leikr, m. prowess, valour;
-liga, adv. valiantly; -ligr, a. bold,
valiant ; -mannligr, a. = -ligr ; -men-
ni, n. a strong, stout man.
hraustr, a. {i) valiant, doughty ; (2)
strong, hearty (gamall, en J)6 h.).
hrd-blautr, a. moist, raw, of hides
(nautshuS hrdblaut).
hraki, m. spit, spittle.
hrdr (hrd, hrdtt), a. (i) raw, of
meat or food (hrdr fiskr, hrdtt kjot) ;
(2) raw, fresh, sappy (h. vi3r).
hrd-skinn, n. shelter, refuge ; -vi?5i,
n. saplings, yoting pilants ; -asti, n.
raw flesh used as food.
hretSa, f., see 'hroeSa'; hreSu-
lauss, a., see * hroeSulauss '.
hreSjar, f. pi. the scrottim.
hregg, n. storyn, blast (var basSi h.
ok regn).
HREGG-VIDRI
[209]
HRINDA
hregg-vi(5ri, n. tempest,
hreit^r, n. bird*s nest.
hreif^rast (a5), v. refl. to nestle.
hreitSr-bollr, m. '' nest-b<ill\ e^^.
hreifi. m, (i) ivrist, = \i\?i\6v ; {2) the
ha7id and fingers ; ( 3 ) seal* s Jin, flipper.
hreimr, m, scream, cry.
hreina (-da, -dr), v. to make (swine)
sqtieal {e:i svin eru hreind).
hrein-bjdlbi, m. reindeer^s skin ;
-dyri, n. re'ndeer.
hrein-fert5i, n. purity ; -ferSugr, a.
pure, chaste.
hrein-galkn, n. poet. 'wolf{Y).
hrein-hjartaSr, a. pure of heart ;
-latr, a, clean, chaste ; -leikr, m. (i)
cleanliness ; (2) chastity ; -lifnac5r, m.
= -lifi ; -liga, adv. (i) cleanly; (2)
with purity, -IJgr, a. (i) clean,
cleanly ; (2) pure ; -lifi, n. pure life,
chastity ; -lifr, a. pure of life ; -lyndr,
a. pure of heart, upright ; -laeti, n.
cleanness, chastity ; -mannligr, a. of
noble or manly bearing.
hreinn, a. (i) clean (hrein klasSi) ;
(2) bright (hreinir kyndlar, hrein
vdpn) ; (3) clear (hrein rodd) ; (4)
pure, sincere.
hreinn (-s, -ar), m. reindeer.
hreinsa (aSt, v. (i) to make clea7i,
cleanse ; 12) to purge ^ clear (h. land
af vikingum).
hreinsan, f. cleansing.
hreinsanar-eldr, m. purgatory,
hrein-staka, f. reindeer skin.
hreistr, n. scales (of fish).
hrekja (hrek ; hrakta, hroktum ;
hraki^r, hraktr), v. (i) to drive
away, chase off (h. e-n af m^li) ; (2)
to annoy, vex, ill-treat (Sigmundr
sagSist heldr vilja h. p^ sem mest) ;
h. e-n i orSum, to scold and abuse one ;
(3) to damage, spoil i^. m^l fyrire-m) ;
absol., h. fyrir e-m, to do damage to
one ; (4) to abuse (= h. e-n 1 orSum).
hrekkr (pi. -ir), m. trick, piece of
w/j-^/^z^ (hrekkir ok slcegdir).
hrekk-visi, f. trickiness ; -viss, a.
tricky, mischievous.
hrella (-da, -dr), v. to distress,
annoy, trouble (h. e-n).
hrelling, f. anguish, affliction.
hremma (-da, -dr), v. to clutch.
hremsa (at$), v. = hremma.
hremsa, f. ( i ) clutch ; (2) poet, shaft.
hreppa (-ta, -tr), v. to catch, obtain ;
en er hann hreppti dverkann, when
he received the wound.
hreppa-skil, n. ^^X. poor-law matters.
hreppr (-s, -ar), m. poor-law dis-
trict (in Iceland).
hrer, n. corpse, — hr0r.
hress, a. hale, hearty, ift good spirits.
hressa (-ta, -tr), v. (i) to refresh,
cheer ; hann bad hann h. slk, he bade
him cheer up ; refl., hressast, to re-
cover strength, be refreshed', (2) to
restore (h. staSinn).
hress-leikr, m. good health,
hret, n. star in, = hregg.
hreyfa (-tSa, -cSr), v. to move, stir,
with ace. ; refl., hreyfast, to put one-
self in motio7i, stir.
hreysar, f. pi. heap of stones.
hreysi, n. (i) = hreysar; (2) cave,
den (skriSa 1 hreysi).
hreysi-kottr, m. erinine, weasel.
hreysta (-sta, -str), v. to encourage,
make valiant ; h. sik, to cheer up,
take heart or courage.
hreysti, f. valour, prowess.
hreysti-bragtS, n. feat of prowess \
-liga, adv. stoutly, boldly, -ligr, a.
stout, bold ; -maSr, m. valiant fnaft ;
-mannligr, a. gallant, bold ; -or$, n.
word of prowess ; -raun, f. trial of
valour ; -verk, n. deed of prowess.
hreyta (-tta, -tt), v. to cast, scat-
ter, throw about, with dat. (h. mold-
inni, hringum).
hreyting, f. spreading, scatterifig.
hreyti-speldi, n. top (a child's toy).
hrifllinga-bjorg, f. hand-to-mouth
life (er slikt kallat -bjorg).
hrifj, n. robbery, pillaging.
hrifsa (at$), v. to rob, pillage.
hrifsan, f., hrifsing, f. = hrifs.
hriki, m. huge fellow.
hrikja (-pa), v. to creak (rare).
hrinda (hrind; hratt, hrimdum ;
hrundinn), v. (i) to push, thrust,
with dat. (hann hratt hestinum 1 vok
eina) ; var J)d hrundit batnum, the
ship's boat was put out; h. hur6
(upp), to push the door open ; h. e-m
f myrkvastofu, to cast into prison ; h.
HRIM-QA
[210]
HRJOSA
d braut, fo drive away ; h. skipi fram
or lit, to launch a ship ; impers., hratt
stundum fyrir, en stundum ixi., the
clouds were drifting on and off {the
moon) ; (2) to cast {throw) off (h.
harmi, 6tta) ; h. m^li, to make a case
void, clear oneself of it', h. e-u af e-m,
to free one from, rid one of a thing.
hringa (atS), v. to furnish with a ring.
hringa-brynja, f. coat of ring-7nail.
hring-broti, m. ' breaker of rings ^
prince (poet.) ; -drifi, m. * distributor
of rings ', prince, king (poet.).
hringing (pi. -ar), f. bell-ringing.
hringja (-da, -t), v. to ring bells.
hringja (-da, -dr), v. to encircle,
surround; h. e-u um e-n, to encircle
with (cf. kringja um, umkringja).
hringja, f. buckle.
hring-leginn, pp. coiled up (of a ser-
pent) ; -leikr, m. ring-dance \ -ofinn,
pp. woven with rings.
hringr (-s, -ar), m. (i) ring, circle ;
sla bring um e-n, to make a ring
around one ; 1 bring, in a circle ;
hann for f bring um skipit, he swam
in a circle round the ship ; me3 hring-
um, all around, altogether (brendu
upp boeinn me6 bringum) ; (2) ring
(on tbe finger or arm, at tbe end of a
cbest, in a door, at tbe end of the
bilt) ; link (in a cbain).
bring- variSr, pp. * ring-mounted* ;
mdlmr -variSr, a sword with rings,
hrinr, m. howling, screaming,
hrip, n. box of laths, basket.
hripu(5r, va.fire (poet.).
hrista (-sta, -str), v. to shake (b.
bofuSit) ; b. e-t af ser, to shake it off";
marir hristust, the horses shook their
manes', J)eim bristust tennr i bofSi,
the teeth chattered in their head.
hritS (pi. -ir), f. (i ) storm, esp. snow-
storm ; b. mikla gerSi at l)eim, laust
i. fyrir J)eim b. mikilli, they were
caught by a violent snow-storm ; (2)
attack, onset, in a battle (horS, snorp
b.) ; (3) a while ; nokktira b., for a
while ; langa (litla) b., a long {little)
while ; J)essar bri6ir allar, all this
while ; um h.,fora while (bann dvald-
ist Jjar um b.) ; um briSar sakir = um
b. ; i briSinni, immediately, at once
(hann for i hrfSinni upp til Hofs) ; hriS-
um, frequently (stundum i Hvammi,
en briSum at Sta6) ; (4) space, dis-
tance (var t)6 h. long 1 milium).
hritS-drepa, a. indecl. killed by a
snow-storfn ; -fastr, a. detained by a
snow-storm.
hriSottr, a. stormy (h. vetr).
hriS-vicSri, n. storm, tempest,
hrifa (hrif ; hreif, hrifum ; hrif-
inn), V. (i) to catch, snatch (b. til
e-s) ; h. vi5, to take hold, to grip
(kasta akkerum, ok brifa l)au vi6 um
si6ir) ; impers., brifr vi6, it takes effect,
it turns out well ; (2) /<? scratch (bann
let b. ser me6 kombum).
hrim, n. ( i ) rime, hoar frost ; (2) the
black soot on a kettle (ketil-hrim).
hrim-aldi, m, lazy lout.
hrim-drif, n. ritne-drift ; -frosinn,
pp. rimy ; -kaldr, a. rime-cold ;
-kalkr, m. foami?tg cup ; -stelnar,
m. pi. rime-covered stones; -J)ursar,
m. \A. frost-giants.
hrina (hrin ; hrein, hrinum ; hrin-
it), y. {i) to squeal (of swine) ; h. vi3,
to neigh to a horse (of a mare in beat) ;
(2) b. i. {or i. e-m), to take effect, esp.
of imprecations.
hris, n. (i) brushwood ; {2) faggots.
hris-byrSr, f. load of faggots ; -fieki,
m. hurdle of brushwood ; -Isjarr, n.
brushwood,
hrisla, f. sprig of a branch, twig,
hrisottr, a. grown with shrubs.
hris-runnr, m. bush.
hrisungr, m. a kind of bast a'^d.
hrja (hrjai, hrja^a, hrjaSr), v. to
vex, harass (a person).
hrjoSa (hryS ; hrau^, hruSum ;
liro(5inn), v. (i) to unload (b. skip
sin) ; (2) to strip, disable, esp. a ship
in a sea-fight (bann brand oil vikinga-
skipin) ; (3) impers., brySr e-u, it
clears away ; mun hroSit myrkvanuni,
the fog will have cleared away ; braud
upp or honum miklu V3.tn\, he brought
tip much water; (4) refl., hrauSsk or
skikkju, she threw off her mantle.
hrjosa (hryss, hraus, hrosit), v.,
only in the phrase, hryss mer hugr vi3,
/ shudder with horror (avalt hryss
m^r hugr vi6, er ek se pik).
HRJOSTR
[211]
HRUTS-a^RA
hijostr, n. barren^ rocky place,
hijostugr, a. 7'ough, barren.
hrjota (hryt; hraut, hrutum ;
hrotinn), v. {i) to fall, Jly^ be fiung
(0xin hraut or hendi honum) ; hraut
upp hurSin, the door was filing open ;
eldr hraut or hlunnunum,y7r^ sprang
from the rollers ; hrjota spoenirnir upp
1 moti honum, the chips fiew up into his
face ; h. i sundr, /<? ^^ snapped asunder
{i sundur hrutu baugar) ; (2) to snore
(hann svaf ok hraut sterkliga).
hrjufr, a. (i) rough to the touch (h.
hals) ; (2) scurvy.
hrotSa-ligr, -vaBnligr, a. likely to
cause disturbance.
hroc5-gas, f. = hrot-gas.
hroSi, m. (i) trash, rubbish \ (2)
disturbance, riot (h. ok stormr).
hrogn, n. roe, spawn.
hrogn-kelsi, n. lumpfish,
hroka (atS), v. to fill above the bri7n.
hrokl, m. a heap above the brim.
hrokkin-harr, -hserSr, a. curly-
haired (bleikhdrr ok hrokkinhdrr).
hrokkinn, pp. curly (hrokkit hdr) ;
wrinkled (hrokkit skinn).
hrokkin-skinna, f. ' wrinkle-skin *,
i>ld woman.
hroUa (-di), v. to shiver, shudder
(hrollir hugr minn).
hrollr, m. shivering i^from cold).
hross, n. (i) horse ; {2) mare.
hrossa-bein, n. pi. horse bones ;
-fulga, {.fodder or pay given to keep
a horse ; -foetr, m. pi. horses^ hoofs ;
-gaukr, m. the snipe ; -geymsla, f.
horse keeping ; -hus, n. stable ; -hofn,
f. horse pasture', -kipping, f. quarrel
abotit horses ; -kjot, n. horse fiesh ;
-kyn, n. horse kin ; -maSr, m. groom ;
-reiS, f. = hross-reid ; -sldtr, n. horse
vieat ; -st6t5, n. stud of horses and
mares ; -stuldr, m., -taka, f. horse
steali7ig ; -vondr, m. horse- whip ;
-l)j6fr, m. horse-thief.
hro3s-bak, n. horseback ; d -baki,
on horseback ; -bein, n. horse's bone ;
-eigandi, m. horse-owner ; -fellir, m.
loss of horses (from hunger or disease) ;
•fjoldi, m. drove of horses ; -gjof, f.
the gift of a horse ; -g0rsemi, f. a
treasure of a horse, a valuable horse ;
-hall, m. horse's tail; -hauss, m.
horse's head {skull) ; -hus, n. stable ;
-hvalr, m. walrus ; -h6fu5, n. horse'' s
head ; -iss, m. ice that is strong enough
to ride on ; -klyf, f. horse pack ; -lil'r,
f. horse'' s liver; -nautn, -neyzla,
f. using another's horse ; -reiS, f.
riding a7iother s horse; -rofa, f. horse's
tail ; -siSa, f. horse's side ; -tagl, n.
horse's tail ; -ver(S, n. the worth of a
horse; -"^^oiVfrn.. horsestealer; -aeta,
f. eater of horse-fiesh.
hrosti, m. the mash (in brewing).
hrot-gas, f. barnacle-goose.
hrot-garmr, m. ' howling dog' ;
-garmr s\h2.r,fire (poet.).
hrotta-meiSr, m. warrior (poet.).
hrotti, m. (i) sword (poet.) ; (2) a
coarse, rude fellow.
hro^r (gen. -rs and -rar), m. praise.
hrocSr-baSmr, -barmr, m. the fa-
mous branch (the mistletoe) ; -fuss, a.
eager for praise.
hro^ugr, a. triumphant, glorious.
hrof, n. shed (under which ships are
built or kept).
hrokr (-s, -ar), m. rook (the bird).
hrokr, m. rook, castle (in chess).
hrop, n. slander, foul words.
hropa (acS), \.{\)to slander, defame \
(2) to shout (h. i. e-n).
hrop-yrtSi, n. pi. slander, cahnnny.
hrosa (atS), v. to praise, with dat. ;
h. ser, to boast; h. sigri, to triumph.
hrosan, f. praise, boasting.
hrosari, m. boaster.
hrufa, f. rough surface, crust,
hrufla (at5), v. to scratch.
hrukka, f. wrinkle.
hruma (atS), v. to enfeeble, make in-
firfn ; hruma6r, infirm, worn by age.
hrum-ligr, a. infirm.
hrumr, a. infirm, decrepit, stagger*-
ifig (h. i gongu).
hrundning, f. kicking, pushing.
hruSr, m. crust, scab on a sore,
hriiga, f. heap (liggja i hrugu).
hriigald, n. heap, mass.
hrut-manat5r, m. the third month of
wi7iter (Dec-Jan.).
hriitr (-s, -ar), m. ram.
hruts-fall, n. a ram's carcase;
-geera, f. the skin and fleece of a ra7n ;
HRUTS-HOFUB
[212]
HR0KKVA
-hofutJ, n. a ram's head\ -mark,
-merki, n. the sign Aries.
hryt^ju-verk, n.foul deed, outrage.
hrygS, f. affliction, grief, sorrow
(mikil hrygS ok hormung).
hrygSar-buna^r, -buningr, m.
mourning dress ; -dagr, m. day of
sorrow ; -efni, n. cause of sorrow ;
-fullr, a. sorrowful, rueful', -mark,
n. token of sorrow, -samligr, a.
mournful', -svipr, m., -yfirbragS,
n. mournful look.
hrygg-afl, n. strength of the back ;
-bjiigr, a. crook-backed; -brotinn,
pp. broken- backed; -brotna (a6), v.
to break ofie's back.
hryggiligr, a. mournful, sad.
hryggja (-(5a, -Sr), v. (i) to distress,
grieve, with ace. (ekki hryggja mik
hot J)in) ; refl., hryggjast, to become
sad or sorrowful ; (2) to cause to look
sad{^. andlit sitt),
hrygg-knyttr, pp. humpbacked,
hrygg-leikr, m. = hrygd.
hrygg-lundir, f. pi. loins.
hryggr (-jar, -ir), m. (i) backbone,
spine ; (2) ridge, mountain-ridge.
hryggr (ace. -van), a. afflicted,
grieved, sad; er J)er hryggt 1 hug, art
thou heavy of heart ?
hrygg-spenna (-ta, -tr), v. to clasp
the arms round another's back.
hrygg-sterkr, a. strong-backed.
liryggva, V. = hryggja (old form).
hrygna, f. spawner.
hrym.(j)ast (d), v. refl. to become
old and infirm ; hrymdr, i?ifirmfrom
age (h. bae5i at syn ok elli).
hrjm-henda, f. a kind of 7netre
(having lines with four stresses).
brynja (hryn, hrunda, hruninn),
V. (i) to fall in, collapse, topple down
(veggrinn hrynr, bjorgin hrynja) ; (2)
to flow, stream (hrundu tarin a kinnr
honum) ; (3) to fall loosely (klasSit
hrundi ofan um hann) ; latum and
hanum h. lukla, let the keys rattle
down from his girdle ; (4) h. d haela
e-m, to shut upon one's heels.
hryssa, f. mare (cf. ' merhryssi ').
hrytr, m. snoring.
hrygja (-tSa, -Sr), v. to heap together
(h. hverjum ofan i. annan).
hrae (gen. pi. hrsBva), n. (i) dead
body, carrion ; (2) fragments (of a
thing), scraps.
breetSa (-dda, -ddr), v. to frighten ;
refl., hrasSast e-t or vi6 e-t, to be
afraid of, to fear, dread.
hraeddr, a. afraid (vi3 e-t, of),
frightened {at) ; vera h. um, at, to
fear, be afraid, that.
hraBc5i-liga, adv. dreadfully, fear-
fully • -ligr, a. dreadful, fearful,
hraBoinn, a. timid.
hrsB-dreyrugr, a. gory.
hraefa (-c5a, -t), v., h. um e-t, to
bear with, tolerate ; ma ekki um J)at
h. lengr, it is no lo7iger tolerable.
hra9-gifr, n. * carrion beast ', wolf
hraekja (-ta, -tr), v. to spit ; h. e-u
ut, to spit out.
hraela (acS), v. to beat the loom with
a weaver's r^^(hrasll).
brsBll, m. weaver's rod, slay.
hrae-]j6mi, m., -log, n. the light from
decotnposing 7natter.
hrsBva-daunn, -l)efr, m. carrion-
smell ; stench of dead bodies.
braszla, f. dread, fear.
hi aezlu-fullr, a. in great fear;
-gceSi, n. tijnidity.
hrceSa, f. disquiet, disturbance.
hrofctSu-lauss, a. free from disturb-
ance, quiet, peaceable (sjaldan mun
-laust vera 1 ^essu heraSi).
hroera (-tSa, -tSr), v. (i) to move^
stir (h. fingrna) ; h. i katlinum, to stir
the pot ; h. e-t saman, to mix up
(h. saman allt, moldina ok blofiit) ; (2)
refl., hrcerast, to move oneself, to be
i?i motion (J)a hrcerist heinin i hofuS
l^or) ; to move from one's place, to
budge, stir (ek setla h^6an hvergi at
hrcerast).
hroerar, m. pi. groin.
hroeriligr, a. movable.
hrcBring (pi. -ar),f. (i) motion^ stir\
(2) ificlination.
hroesinn, a. boasting, vaunting,
hrcBsni, f. boasting, bragging.
hr0kkla (at5), v. to reel, totter.
hr0kkva (hr0kk; hr6kk, hrukk-
um; hrokkinn), v. (i) to fall back,
recoil^ be repelled; h. frd, to shrink
back ; h. fyrir e-m, to give way before
HRJ0KKVA
[213J HUGGANDI. HUGQAKI
one (gekk konungr svd hart fram, at
allt hrokk fyrir honum) ; h. undan, to
give way, draw backy retreat ihrukku
Baglar l^a undan) ; h. vi3, to stand at
bay, make a stand (verdr Sigvaldi nu
vi5 at h.) ; {'2) to curl, of hair (hann
hafdi gult har, ok hrokk mjok) ; (3)
to suffice.
hr0kkva (-ta, -tr), v. (i) h. e-u um
e-t, to lash {switch) with a thing ;
beit eigi heldr i. en talknskiSi {a piece
of whalebofie) vaeri hr0kt um ; (2) to
spur or whip a horse (eptir J)at hrwkti
hann hestinn) ; (3) refl., hr0kkvast, to
coil, wriggle, of a snake (undan honum
hr0ktist ein naSra at Oddi) ; hrekkvast
aptr, to turn back (G. reid siSastr ok
skyldi geyma, at engir hr0ktist aptr).
hronn (gen. hrannar, pi. hrannir),
f. wave ; dat. pi., hronnum, in heaps
(drepr hann hir3menn konungs ni6r
hronnum).
]ir0r, n. corpse = hrer.
hrpr-ligr, a. dilapidated, ruinous.
Iir0rna (at5), v. (i) to fall into decay
(of buildings); (2) to wither (treit
deyr, J)egar J)at hrornar).
huga (a5), V. (i) to excogitate, think
out (hugat hefi ek mer xi.h) ; (2) h.
e-m e-t, to think of, intend, for one
(verk hefi ek hugat p^r) ; (3) h. at e-u,
to attend to, look after i^i. var at
hugat sarum Kormaks) ; h. um e-t, to
be concerned about ; h. fyrir e-u, to
provide for.
hugatS-ldtr, a. engaging^ amiable ;
-liga, adv. a?niably, lovingly.
hugatSr, a. (i) courageous, bold; (2)
h. e-m vel (litt), well {ill) disposed
towards one ; (3) e-m er mest um e-t
hugat, one has 7nost at heart (Haflidi
kvad pat synt, at henni var mest um
hann hugatj.
hugatS-samliga, adv. carefully ;
•samr, a. gentle, engaging.
hugatSs-roec5a, f. sensible speech.
huga-fuUr, a. anxious ; -goSr, a.
kind-hearted.
hugall, a. mindful, thoughtful.
hugalt, adv. carefully (geyma h.).
hugan, f. care, concern (konungr bar
h^r mikla hugan fyrir).
hugar-angr, n. heart's grief ; -bot.
f. comfort ; -ekki, m. heart-ache, diS'
tress of mind'y -far, n. disposition^
frame of mind; -ffat, {. desire ; -gotSr,
a. kind of heart; -hert5i, f. hard-
heartedness ; -hroering, f. e?notion ;
-hvarf, n. estrangemetit ; -kraptr,
m. strength of mind; -Idtliga, adv.
amiably, gently ; -lund, f. disposition
of ynind, fmcy ; -otti, m. fright,
anxiety ; -reikan, -ruglan, f. wander-
ing of mind ; -sturlan, f. insanity ;
-styrkr, m. streitgtk of mind; -um-
skipti, n. pi. change of mind ; -valat5,
n. anguish of mi?td ; -oet5i, f. fury ;
-CBsingr, m. excitement, agitation of
mind.
hug-ast, f. heartfelt affection ; unna
-astum,/^ love with all one's heart;
-blautSr, a. cowardly ; -bleySi, f.
cowardice ; -bli5r, a. gentle of mind ;
-bo5, n. foreboding, anticipation,
fancy (J)at er nasr minu -bo6i, at);
-booit, pp. n., hafa e-t -bo6it, to i?i-
tend; -bortS, n. courage; -borg, f.
the breast (poet.) ; -bbt, f. comfort;
-brigt5r, 2i. fickle, false (vi5 e-n).
hugS, f., only in compds,, hugSar-.
hugcSa, f. interest, affection ; leggja
hugfiu til e-s, to take interest in, feel
affectioft for one (konungr leggr enga
hugSu til bests sins) ; masla, rceSa af
hugdu, to speak from one's heart.
hugtSar-erindi, n. a matter which
one has at heart ; -m.a$r, m. intimate
friend; -mdl, n. = -erindi.
hug-dirfa (-tSa, -cSr), v. to encourage ;
-dirfS, f. courage; -djarfr, a. coura-
geous, stout-hearted.
hugtJu-matJr, m. = hugSar-maSr.
hug-dyggr, a. steadfast; -fastliga,
adv. steadfastly ; -fastr, a. steadfast,
fixed in one's mind ; e-m er e-t -fast,
one is bent on ; -fatt, a. n., e-m verQr
-fatt, one loses heart ; -feldr, a. agree-
able; -festa ("Sta, -str), v. (i) to fix
in Okie's mind; (2) to make up one's
mind about ; -ixxUx^d^. full of courage.
hugga (at$), v. to comfort, console ;
refl., huggast, to be comforted.
huggan, f. comfort, consolation.
hugganar-ortS, n. word of comfort ;
-vdn, f. hope of comfort.
huggandi, huggari, m. comforter.
HUG-a6©a
[214]
HUQ-STCEDR
hug-g6t5r, a. kind-hearted, cheerful ;
-gaBfr, a. cheerful ; -gcetSi, n. goodness
of heart ; -hress, a. cheerful, at ease ;
-hreysti, f. courage ; -hvarf, n. change
of 7mnd\ telja e-m -hvarf, to persuade
one to change his 7Jiind\ -hoegr, a.,
e-m er -hoegt, one feels at ease.
hugl, m. mi7td ( = hugr) ; ilium huga,
with evil mind, ill, badly ; hafa e-t i
huga, to have in one's mind^ to think
of\ lei3a e-t huga, to consider.
huginn, m. the wise raven of Odin.
hug-kvsemligr, a. ingenious, apt ;
-kvaem.r, ( i ) recurring to one's mind ;
(2) 77iindful, attentive ; -koemligr, a.
= -kvcemligr ; -lauss, 2i. faint-hearted,
cowardly, -leggja (see leggja), v.
to lay to 7nind, to reflect on ; -lei^a
(-dda, -ddr), v. to pay attention to,
C07isider\ -lei^mg,{. reflection; -l§tt,
a. n., e-m er -\6tt = e-m er -hoegt ;
-lettir, m. mind's ease, co77tfort ;
-leikit, pp. n., mer er eigi -leikit at,
I have no 77iind to ; -leysa, f., -leys!,
n.faint-heartedness; -litill, di. faint-
hearted; -Ijufi, m. darli7ig (harm var
-Ijufi allra manna) ; -ma^r, m. bold
man ; -mannliga, adv. boldly.
hugna (acS), v. to please ; e-m hug-
nar e-t, one is pleased, satisfied with
a thi7ig\ impers., mdr hugnar vel
(ilia) vio e-n, I am pi eased {displeased)
with one; refl., hugnast = hugna.
hug-prutSr, a. stout-hearted, noble ;
-pry^i, f. courage, 7iobleness.
hugr (-ar, -ir), m. (i) 7nind\ { hug
e5a verki, in 77iind or act; vera 1 hug
e-m, to be in 07te's 7nind ; koma e-m 1
hug, to come into one's 77iind, occur to
one ; lei6a e-t hugum, to consider ;
ganga (li6a, hverfa) e-m or hug, to
pass out of 07ie^s 7ne7nory, to be for^
gotten ; snua hug sinum eptir (at, frjC)
e-u, to turn 07te^s 77iind after {to,
fro77i) ; maela um hug ser, to feign,
disse77ible ; orka tveggja huga um e-t,
to be of two minds about a thing ;
orkast hugar i. e-t, to resolve ; ef per
ler nokkut tveggja huga um ^etta, if
thou be of two f7iinds about the 7natter ;
(2) mood, heart, te77iper, feeli7ig ; g6c5r
h., kind heart ; illr h., ill temper, spite ;
heill h., sincerity ; reynast hugi vi6,
to make close acquaintance ; hugir
t)eirra foru saman, they loved each
other; (3) desire, wish ; leggja hug i.
e-t, to lay to heart, take interest in ;
leggja litinn hug a e-t, to 77iind little,
neglect; leggja hug a konu, to fall in
love with a woman ; mer leikr h. d
e-u, / long {wish) for a thing; e-m
rennr h. til e-s, to have affection for
one ; mer er engi hugr a at selja hann,
/ have 710 7ni7id to sell hi77i ; (4) fore-
bodi7ig; sva segir mdr h. um, I fore-
bode ; hann kva3 ser ilia hug sagt
hafa {he had evil fo7-ebodings) um
hennar gjaforS ; mer by3r hugr um
e-t, / anticipate (eptir gekk mer {)at,
er mer bau6 hugr um) ; mer by6r e-t 1
hug, it enters 77iy 7ni7id, I think ; g0ra
ser i hug, to ii7iagine \ (5) courage;
h. rasSr hdlfum sigri, a stout heart
is half the battle ; her6a huginn (hug
sinn), to take heart, exert oneself
hug-rakkr, a. stout-hearted ; -raun,
f. (i) trial of one^s 7nind ; (2) trial of
valour; -rekki, f. courage, intre-
pidity ; -renning, f. thought ; -ro, f.
peace of 77ii7id.
hug-ro, f. clinch on a swords hilt,
hug-runar, f. pi. * 7nind-r7ines '.
hugsa (ac5), v. to think, think upon ;
hugsat hefi ek kostinn, I have thought
over the ter7ns ; h. eptir um e-t, to
co7isider ; h. e-t fyrir ser, to ponder
over, reflect upon ; h. um e-t, to thi7ik
about ; h. sik um e-t, to take counsel
with oneself about a thi77g, consider.
hugsan, f. (i) thought, thinking;
bera h. fyrir e-u, to ponder over ; (2)
opinion (her em ek i annari h.).
hugsan ar-augu,n. pi. 77iental vision,
intellect ; -stund, f., -timi, m. ti7ne
for co7isideratio7i or reflection.
hugsi, a. indecl. thoughtful, 7nedita-
tive, abse7it-7ninded (hann for jafnan
sem h. vasri).
hug-sjukr, a. distressed, anxious ;
-skot, n. 77iind, soul ; -sott, f. care,
anxiety, conce7'7i ; -speki, f. saga-
city, foresight ; -steinn, m. the heart
(poet.) ; -sterkr, a. strong of 7nind;
-stiginn, pp. in high spirits ; -stol-
inn, pp. 7nad, crazy ; -storr, a. high-
minded; -stoe^r, a. {i) fixed in one's
HUG-SYKI
[215]
HUNIR
mind\ (2) vera -stoett til e-s, to be
opposed to one \ -syki, f. anxiety ;
-sykja (-ta, -tr), v. to make one
anxious ; -tregi, m. affliction^ g^^^f\
-trur, a. true^faitJiful.
hugum-storr, a. great of heart.
hug-veikr, a. weak-minded'^ -vit,
n. understanding, sagacity, -{)ekkr,
a. ejideared to one, after one's heart
(-|)ekkr allri alpySu) ; -J)okkac5r, pp.
well disposed; -{)okki, m. mind, dis-
position, Jtidgement (hefir |3etta farit
eptir -Jjokka minum) ; -J)ungt, a. n.,
e-m er -pungt, one is depressed.
huld, f. giantess, = troUkona.
hulda, f. (i) cover, veil (mikil J)oka
ok h. liggr yfir eyju J)eirri) ; (2) hiding,
secrecy ; drepa huldu i. e-t, to hide,
conceal a matter.
huldar-hottr, m. hood of disguise.
hulitSr, pp. hidden, obscure.
hulit53-hjalmr, hulins-, m. * hiding
helmet ' ; bregSa -hjalmi yfir e-n, to
make one invisible.
hulning, f. hiding, covering.
humarr (gen. -s, pi. humrar), m.
lobster ; humra fjoll, waves (poet.).
humott, f. = hamot.
hunang, n. honey.
hunang-ligr, a. honeyed.
hunangs-dogg, f., -fall, n. honey
dew ; -ilmr, m. sinell of honey ; -loekr,
m. stream of honey.
hund-, in compds., very, extreinely ;
-djarfr, a. exceedingly bold; -forn, a.
very old.
hund-gd, f. barking; -heitSinn, a.
*' dog-heathen\ = heidinn sem hundr.
hund-margr, a. imitunerable.
hundr (-s, -ar), m. dog, hotmd ;
vera or hunda hljoSi or hlj65um, to
have made one's escape.
hundratS (pi. hundrucS), n. hundred;
tiroett h. = 100; tolfroett h. = 120;
hundruSum, by {in) hundreds-, as
value, one hundred and twenty ells of
the stt/ff^ wad7?ial ; h. fritt, a hundred
paid in cattle ; tolf hundruS morend,
twelve hundred in dark-striped wad-
mal; hundrad sWirs,} the silver value
of 120 ells ( = 20 ounces).
hundratS-faldr, a. hundredfold.
hundratSs-hoftSingi, m. centurion.
hunds-bit, n. bite of a dog; -sotJ, n.
broth 7nade from a dog.
hund-tik, f. bitch.
hund-villr, a. utterly lost, quite
astray ; -viss, a. very wise (hundviss
jotunn).
hungr (gen. -rs), m. and n. hunger.
hungraTatS), v. impers., e-n hungrar,
07ie hungers ; hungratSr, a. htmgry.
hurts (pi. -ir), f. door ; h. er aptr,
the door is shut ; drepa i h., to knock
at the door.
hurtSar-asar, m. pi. * door-beams ' ;
-bak, n. the back of a door ; at -baki,
behind the door ; -bora, f. S7nall hole
in a door ; -flaki, m. hurdle ; -hringr,
m. door-ring; -jarn, n. door-hinge;
-klofi, m. door-groove; -oki, m. a
cross-plank joini?ig the boards of a
door l^i. boraSi A. hurdarokann).
hurtS-ds3, m. * door-beam \
huttututu, interj., to express shiver-
ing from cold.
huts (pi. -ir), f. hide (of cattle).
hu(5ar-J)vengr, m. a thong cut out
of a hide.
hutS-fat, n. a kind of hammock.
hutSfats-f61agi, m. hatnmock mate.
hutS-keipr, m. canoe of skin, kayak ;
-Idt, n. loss of one's hide, flogging %
-skor, m. a shoe of raw hide ; -strjuka
(see strjuka), V. to flog; -stroka, f.
floggi7ig; -strykja (-ta, -tr), v. to
flog; -J)ak, n. roof of hides; -I)ekja,
(see t)ekja), v. to cover with hides.
hiifa, f. (i) cap, bonnet; (2) vault,
ceiling of a church (hann Idt penta
hufuna).
hufr (-S, -ar), m. hulk or hull of a
ship (undir hufinn i. skipi).
hiika (-ta, -t), v. to squat.
hum, n. twilight, dusk.
huma (atS), v. to grow dusk (var niS
mjok humat).
Huna-land, n. the land of the Huns»
Hiinar, m. pi. the Huns.
hiin-bora, f. the hole in the mast-
head through which the halyard went ;
vinda segl vi5 -boru, to hoist the sail;
-dreginn, pp. hoisted to the top ; -kas-
tali, m. the crow's nest at the mast-
head (d knorrunum voru hunkastalar),
Hunir, m. pi. the Huns.
HUN-LENZKR
[216]
HVAK
hun-lenzkr, a. Hiinnish ; -megir,
m. pi. = Hunar, Hiinir.
hunn (-S, -ar), m. the knob at the
top of the mast-head ; draga segl vic3
hun (i him upp), vinda upp segl vi6
liuna, to hoist a sail to the top.
hlinn (-s, -ar), m. (i) bear's cub] (2)
urchin^ boy (poet.).
hunskr, a. = hunlenzkr, hynskr.
hiis, n. house (leita nu um hvert h. i.
peim boe) ; pi. the groiip of bid I dings
on a farniy — beer ; taka bus (pi.) i.
€-m, to take a person by surprise in
his house ; at hiisa baki, at the back
of the houses.
husa (atS), V. to build houses, furnish
"With houses (Uni husafii parj.
htisa-boer, m. farmstead, farm-
houses ; -kostr, m. lodgings, house-
acco7nmodation ; -kot, n. cottage ;
-kynni, n. pi. = -kostr ; -mot, n. pi.
the joining of buildings ; -skipati, f.
arrangeme7it of buildings ; -snotra, f.
an ornamefit on a gable-head or 071
a ship ; -topt, f. house walls (without
the roof) ; -umboetr, f. pi. house re-
pairs ; -vitSr, m. house-ti77iber , -vist,
f. abode (hann tekr ser J)ar -vist).
hua-bak, n. back of the houses ;
-bondi, m. master of the house ;
-brenna, f. house-burni7ig, arson ;
-bunatSr, -btiningr, m. house furni-
ture, esp. hangings, tapestry ; -dyrr,
f. pi. hoiise doors ; -endi, m. house
end, gable ; -fastr, a. do7niciled ;
-fresrja, f., -frii, f. (i) mistress of the
house ; (2) wife ; -gafl, m. house-gable ;
-ganga, f . ' house-walking \ visits ;
-gangr, m. begging fro7n house to
house (fara i. -gang) ; -gumi, m. =
-bondi ; -gonguU, a. making many
visits ; -g0rt5, f. house-making.
husi, m. case (skcera-hiisi, scissor
case).
Iiu3-karl, m. (i) house-carle, man-
se7'vant ', (2) pi. the ki?tg's men, his
■body-gtiard.
huskarla-liS, n. body ofhotise-carles.
hus-kona, f. housewife, lady of the
house ; -kytja, f. hovel.
husl, n. housel ; husla (at$), v. to
}ipusel, ad77tinister the Eucharist to
vne (var hiisladr ok do stQan).
hus-mcenir, m. ridge of a house',
-prutSr, a. = hybyla-pruor ; -veggr,
m. house wall', -Jjekja, f. house"
thatch ; -])ing, n. council, 77ieeting (to
which a king or chief summoned his
people or guardsmen).
hvaSan, adv. (i) whence", Jjottist
engi vita, h. ve6r var d, whence {fro77i
what quarter) the wind blew ; meSan
ek veit eigi vist, h. G. hinn riki stendr
at, as lo7ig as I know not what side
G. takes ; (2) fro77i wheresoever ; h.
SGm.,fro7n what place or source soever ;
hann siglir h. sem a cr, he sails, what-
ever wi7td i7iay blow ; h. aefa, from
every side ({)ustu {)a borgarmenn h.
ccfa at t)eim) ; on all sides ; hann
vann svd[, at h. asfa voru i. honum
hendrnar, he worked as if he had
hands all over hi7n.
hval-fong, n. pi. stores of whale
{blubber) ; -grof, f. whale pit (where
blubber was kept) ; -jam, n. harpoon ;
-kaup, n. purchase of whale-blubber ;
-kdlfr, m. young whale ; -koma, f .
straftding of whales.
hvalr (-S, -ar, and -ir), m. whale ;
skera hval, to flense a whale.
hval-rei^, f., -reki, m., -rekstr, m.
stranding of whales ', -rif, n. whale's
rib ; -saga, f. news of a whale,
hvals-auki, m. spe7'77iaceti.
hval-skurtSr, m. flensing {cutting
tip) of a whale ; -skyti, m. whale
harpooner.
hvammr (-s, -ar), m. grassy hollow
or little vale (kaus hann ser bustaS i
hvammi einum).
hvann-njoli, m. angelica-stalk.
hvar, adv. (i) where, in or at what
place (h. vartu i nott, e6a h. er pitt
heimili ?) ; h. skulu vit a leita ? where
shall we search f ', (2) where, to what
place, whither {s€ ek nu, h. sok horf-
ir) ; (3) a7ty where ; h^r framarr en h.
annars sta6ar, here mo7e than any-
where else ; (4) in each place (urdu
{)rju J)ing i hverjum fjorSungi ok skyldu
pingnautar eiga hvar saksoknir sam-
an); her ok h., here and there, now
here 7tow there ; viSast h., in 7nost
places, in 7nost instances ; h. sem,
wherever (h. sem hann for) ; (5) ever
HVARP
[217]
hvIlpa
so, very ; h. fjarri, ever so far, very
far off {^ ligg einn i husi ok kerling
min, en h. fjarri oSrum monnum) ;
viSara h., ever so much farther (um
allt Hilogaland ok J)6 vidara h.) ; h.
meiri, ever viore, much more (ek skal
f)6 h. meiri stund a leggja).
hvarf, n. disappearafice (h. ISunnar) ;
rann hann J)eim t)ar h., he ran out of
their sight.
hvarf a (at$), v. (i) to be turned
7'0und\ let hann ser i hendi h. ker
gullit, he rolled the gold cup round in
his hand', (2) stroll about (filarnir
hvarfa um skoginn) ; e-m hvarfar hugr,
one's mind wavers ; (3) h. i milli, to
stand between {in the way).
hvar-fiiss, 2.. fickle (poet.).
hvargi, adv. in each {every) place,
everywhere ; h. er {or sem), whereso-
ever (h. er Jdu tekr land).
hvar-leitSr, a. loathso77ie to all men.
hvarmr (-s, -ar), m. eyelid.
hvars, adv. = hvar es, wheresoever.
hvar-vetna, adv. everywhere.
hvass, a. (i) sharp, keen (h. knifr,
hvoss 0xi, hvasst vdpn) ; pointed, taper-
ing (h. hjdlmr) ; (2) fig., of the in-
tellect, keen (hvasst nasmi) ; of the
eyes or sight (hvoss augu, hvoss sjon) ;
(3) sharp, acute ; hvasst hljoQ, a sharp
sound ; (4) of wind, sharp, fresh (h.
byrr, hvasst ve6r, andviSri).
hv ass-egg] ac5r, a. keett-edged; -eygr,
a. keen-eyed ; -leikr, m. sharp?iess ;
-leitr, a. sharp-looking; -liga, adv.
sharply ; -nefjatSr, a. sharp-nebbed ;
-tenntr, a. sharp-toothed ; -vitSri, n.
sharp gale, = hvasst ve6r.
hvat (old gen. hvess, dat. hvi),neut.
pron. I. interrog. (i) what (h. synist
p^r ri.6 ?) ; h. er Jjer, Hjalmar ? what is
the matter with thee, H.f ; expressing
wonder, what sort off (h. 0gmundr
ertu .?) ; with gen., h. er |)at fira, flagda,
drauma, fiska .'* what sort of men,
witches, dreains, fishes? h. manna
ertu ? what sort of a man art thoti f ;
with dat., hann spurdi, h. monnum
l)eir vaeri, what kind of 7nen they were ;
(2) implying an answer in the negative,
to what end? of what use? (h. skal
rogum manni langt vapn ?) (3) how,
— hve, hversu ; fr^ttir hann nd, h.
Ii3i bonorSs-mdlum, how the wooing
was go 1 71 g 071 \ II. indef. pron. (i)
each, every ; h. at o3ru, ' each with the
other', eve7y thing', {)at lid, er honum
fylgdi, Ayr ser hvat, scattered in all
directions', h. bidr sinnar stundar,
there is a ti77ie for everything', (2)
== hvatki, with the relat. part. ' er (es) *
or * sem ' ; h. sem or h. es, whatso-
ever ; (3) with compar., ever so 77tuch ;
hann var til hans h. betr en til sinna
barna, he was ever so 7nuch kinder to
him than to his own children.
hvata (at$), v. (i) to hasten, with
dat., h. for sinni, h. ferdinni, to hasten
one's journey ; h. gongunni, to quicken
one's pace ; h. bdli, to htirry on the
bonfire ; (2) absol, to hasten, speed
(h. til skipa, h. heim).
hvata-, gen. pi. from * hvot '.
hvata-buss, m. busybody ; -matJr,
m. pro7npter.
hvatan, ace. from 'hvatr', adv. at
a quick pace (ri6a h.).
hvati, m. hurry, haste.
hvatki, indef. pron. (i) each thing,
eve7ything for itself (munu f)er pa
vita til hvers h. kemr) ; (2) with 'er' ;
h. er (es), whatsoever (heill er hugr
Atla, h. es I)ik dreymir).
hvat-ldtr, a. quick ; -leikr, m.
alacrity, activity (-leikr 1 orrostum) ;
-liga, adv. quickly (riSa -liga) ; -ligr,
a. quick, brisk ; -ligt liS, active troops.
hvatr, a. active, brisk, vigorous (h.
maSr, h. hugr) ; neut. ' hvatt' as adv.
quickly (ri6a hvatt, sem hvatast).
hvat-raetSi, n. quick action ; -skeyti,
n. precipita7icy ; -skey tiligr, a. rash,
headlong.
hvat-vetna (gen. hvers-, dat. hvi-
vetnal, pron. n. a7ty thing whatever;
vex \>tv hvatvetna i augu, everything
g7'Gws big in thy eyes ; var Hrafn
fyrir peim 1 hvivetna, H. was their
superior in every respect.
hvat-visi, f. ie77ierity ; -visliga, adv.
rashly ; -viss, a. rash, headlong, reck-
less (ma3r hvatviss ok ovitr).
hvalf, n. (i) vault', (2) concavity
(of a shield).
hvalf a (-da, -t), v. = hoi fa.
hvIlii
[218]
HVERFA
hvdll (-S, -ar), m. /////, hillock^ knoll
(dalr var i hvdlinum).
hvdptr (-S, -ar), m. mouth, chops.
hvdrgi (neut. hvarki and hvartki),
indef. pron. neither {oi two) ; h. Jjeirra,
neither of them ; neut. ' hvirki ' as
adv., hv^rki . . . ne, neither . . . nor
(hefir h. heyrt til bans styn ne hosta).
hvdrgin-ligr, a. neuter (-ligt kyn).
hvdrigr or hvdrugr, indef. pron.
neither, — hv^rgi.
hvdrr, pron. (i) which (of the two) ;
in pi. of two parties, hvdrir sigrast,
which of both {hosts) will gain the
day ; (2) each (of the two) ; h. vi6
annan, each to the other ; sinn veg h.,
each his own way ; (3) at hvaru, j^/,
nevertheless, however.
hvarrgi, pron. = hvargi.
hvarr-tveggi, -tveggja, pron. each
of the two, either, both ; (l) as adj., or
hvarritveggju hlustinni, out of both
ears ; (2) as subst. with gen., -tveggi
Jjeirra, both of them ; with a possess.,
-tveggi okkarr, both of us\ (3) the
neut. hvdrttveggja, used as adv., both
(hvdrttveggja karlar ok konur).
hvdrt, neut. from ' hvdrr ', as interr.
adv., whether, direct and indirect ; h.
grastr pu ? whether dost thou weep {or
not)? h. skalekfaraeSreigi? whether
shall I go or not? hann vildi vita, h.
hann var 1 brynju, he wanted to know
whether he wore a coat of mail \ with
the rel. part, er (es or sem), h. er . . .
e6a, whether . . . or (h. er J)eir toluSu
her til fleira eSa fserra).
hvdrz = hvirts = hvdrt es (= er).
Iiv6, adv. (i) how, in what manner
(hv^ for me6 t>eim?) ; h. heitir J)u ? how
art thou named?', (2) qualifying an adj.
or adv., how, to what extefit ; h. gam-
all ma6r hann vaeri, how old he was ;
})eir vissu eigi, h. fram var, they did not
know the time of day ; h. nasr ? when ?
(hv^ naer mun hann heim koma ?)
hv6gi, adv. howsoever, always with a
following particle, er (es) or sem (h.
lengi sem, h. vi3a sem).
hveim, dat. from the obsolete pron.
*hvar' = hverr; {\) to who7n ? (h. eru
bekkir baugum sanir ?) ; (2) to any
(manni h. or manna h.) ; h. er (es), to
whomsoever (or5stirr deyr aldregi
hveim, er ser goSan getr).
hveiti, n, wheat ; -akr, m. wheat'
field', -mjol, n. wheat meal, flour.
hvel, n. wheel', d hverfanda hveli,
on a whirling wheel.
hvelfa ("da, -dr), v. to upset, over-
turn, with dat. (hann hvelfdi nokk-
vanum undir sdr) ; impers., skipinu
hvelfdi, the ship capsized.
hvell-msBltr, a. clear-voiced.
hvellr, a. shrill, sharp in tone (h.
Iu6r) ; hvell rodd, a clear voice ; masla
(tala) \iixx ok hvellt, to speak loud and
clearly.
hvelpr (-S, -ar), m. whelp.
hvenar, adv. when ? {— hve nser).
hverfa (hverf ; hvarf, hurfum ;
horfinn) ; v.{\) to have a circular or
rotatory motion, turn round (himinn
hverfr) ; with ace. of the place, himin
h. {>au skulu hverjan dag, they shall
wheel round the heaven every day, of
the sun and moon ; (2) to be lost to
sight (h. at syn) ; to disappear, vanish
(hverfa af himni heiSar stjornur) ; e-m
hverfr e-t, one loses a thing (Mdvi
hurfu sau6ir nokkurir) ; siSan hvarf
hann peim, he vanished out of their
sight', (3) with preps, and advs., h.
af at gera e-t, to leave off doifig a
thing', h. aptr, to turn back, 7'eturn ;
aptr hverfr lygi, |)d. er sonnu moetir, a
lie recoils before the truth ; h. at e-m,
to throng around one (^^i. hurfu {)egar
at honum allir ok fognu6u honum) ;
h. at e-u, to turn to, to adopt (h. at e-u
rd3i) ; h. brott, to disappear', h. eptir
e-m, to follow one ; h. fr^ e-u, to turn
away from ; g0r6u-t far festa, a3r ]3eir
frjt hyrfi, they did not moor the boat
before they turned away ; to leave off
(nu skal fiar til taka, sem fyrr var fr^
horfit) ; h. i sundr, to part', h. til e-s,
to tur?i {go) to one, or to a place
(hlaejandi Gu6run hvarf til skemmu) ;
esp. to go to one and take leave (Gun-
nar hverfr til allra manna, er hann er
buinn) ; to fall to one's lot, accrue to
one (J)6tti stor heill til bans horfit
hafa) ; h. um e-t, to encircle, surround
(h. um hodd go6a) ; h. undan e-m, to
be withdrawn from, lost to one (hvarf
HVERFA
[219J
HVINNSKB
riki i Noregi undan Dana konungum) ;
(4) horfinn, pp. {i) surrounded {hce-r-
inn var h. monnum) ; vera vel vinum
h., to be well backed by friends ; vel
um horfit, in good condition (l)ar stoQ
naust ok var vel um horfit) ; (2)
abandoned^ forsaken ; heillum \\.^ for-
saken by luck ; sok h., having lost the
suit ; heraSi h,, te?'eft of a divelling
in the district.
hverfa (-^a, -cSr), v. (i) to turn a
thing (in a certain direction) ; h. e-m
hugi (ace. pi.), to change a person's
mind\ (2) h. e-u um e-t. to enclose
with a things vera hverfSr utan um
e-t, to encircle a thing.
hverfi, n. cluster of farins.
hverf-lyndi, n. fickleness ; -lyndr,
a. fickle-minded.
hverfr, a. (i) shifty, cha7tgeable (h.
hugr) ; (2) neut., hverft, quickly (fara
h.; styra h.).
hverf-ratSr, 2.. fickle, wavering.
hverfull, a. shifty, changeable.
hvergi, pron. (i) each, every one
(hann Idt sem hann eigi vissi, hvat
h. talaSi) ; (2) adding 'er' or 'sem',
whosoever (h. er ^6. beiQir) ; hverngi
veg sem {howsoever) hann vill svara.
hvergi, adv. (i) nowhere (hann undi
h.) ; h. annars sta6ar, nowhere else ;
(2) by no means, not at all; vil ek h.
fara, I shall not go at all ; vera h. foerr,
to be quite unable to go ; h. Xi?cx,far
fro7n it (h. nasr allir) ; with compar.
(Bergr var J^ess h. fusari) ; alls h., no-
where at all.
hver-gsBtir, m. ^cauldron-keeper',
cook (poet.).
hverigr, pron. = hvergi.
hvernig, adv. how ( = hvern veg).
hvemin, hvernug, adv. = hvernig.
hverr (-s, -ar), m. (i) kettle, caul-
dron ; (2) hot spring (hverrinn var
bseSi heitr ok djupr).
hverr, pron. (i) interrog., used both
substantively and adjectively, who,
which, what? hverjar ero J)cer meyjar?
who are these maids f h. a hestinn ?
who owns the horse ? h. er pessi ma6r?
who is this man f hvern enda .'' what
end? (2) indef. each, every one, as
subst., with gen.; manna h., every
man ; froSra h., every wise man ; h.
varr, each of us ; as adj., h. gumi,
every man ; hverjan or hvern dag,
every day ; as adv., i hverju, every
moment (veSrit ox i hverju) ; (3) any
(fyrir utan hverja hj^lp) ; (4) with the
relat. part. * er ' or '' sem ', whosoever,
whichever (J)a skulu peir J)egar drepa
hann h. sem hann er) ; (5) with another
pron. or adj ; h. at oQrum, one after
another (hverja nott eptir a6ra) ; at
o3ru hverju, every now and then ;
hverir tveir, every two and two ;
J)ri6ja hvert i.r, every three years (= i.
hverjum premrarum) ; hverr . . . sinn,
every one . . . his (hverr ma3r i sinu
rumi) ; (6) relat. (rare), who, which.
hvera-dagliga, adv. (i) every day \
(2) commonly, generally (eigi var hon
margmaslt -dagliga) ; -dagligr, a. (i)
every day; (2) common.
hversdags-matSr, m. an every-day
man, ordinary person.
hvers-konar, -kyns, adv. of every
kind (a -konar lund).
hversu, adv. how, = hve.
hvert, adv. ( i ) zvhither, where (Gun-
nar sag5i {jeim, h. hann astlaSi) ; (2) h.
er, whithersoever (h. er hann ferr).
hver-vetna, adv. eveiyzvhere ( =
hvarvetna).
hvessa (-ta, -tr), v. (i) to sharpen^
whet (h. spjot) ; h. augun a e-t, to
look keenly or hard at ; (2) to stir tcp^
instigate; (3) impers., hvessir veSrit
(ace), it blows up a gale.
hvetja (hvet ; hvatta, hvottum ;
hvattr), v. {\) to whet, sharpen (h.
s\erc3); (2) to encourage (si5an hvatti
hann li6 sitt) ; hvat hvatti pik hingat?
what urged thee to come here f
hviSa, f . squall of wind.
hvika (atS), V. to quail, shrink, waver
(= h. undan) ; impers., hvi hvikar per
svd ? why art thou so slow ?
hvikan, f. wavering.
hvik-saga, f. idle tale, slander.
hvina-leicSr, a. loathsome, detested
(-leiQr baeSi trollum ok monnum).
hvimsi, a. taken aback, discomfited
(verSa h. vi6).
hvinn, m. pilferer; hvinnska* f.
larceny ; hvinnskr, a. thievish.
HVINR
[220J
HYGQJA
hvinr, m. whiz^ whistling (h. orvar-
innar ; hvinrinn af hogginu).
hvirfill (gen. -s, dat. hvirfli), m.
(l) circle, ring\ (2) crown of the
head (milli hvirfils ok ilja).
hvirfil-vindr, m. whirlwind.
hvirfing, f., hvirfingr, m. (l) circle
(of men); setjast i hvirfing, to sit
down in a circle ; (2) drinking match
(drekka hvirfing).
hvirfings-broSir, m. club-mate ;
-drykkja, f. drinking bout (in a sort
of club or guild).
hvirfla (atS), v. to whirls spread
(pser 3etlu6u at h. heyit).
hviss, interj. whew !
hvi, (i) an old dat. of *hvat'; ^i.
spurSi Hallr, hvi l)at ssetti, then H.
asked what was the matter ; fyrir hvi,
why, wherefore (fyrir h. biSr J)u eigi
laekningar ?) ; (2) adv. why f = fyrir
hvf (hvi ertu svd folr?).
hvila (-da, -dr), v. (i) with ace. to
rest ; h. lid sitt, to let one's troops rest\
h. sik, to take rest (J)eir hvildu sik par
ok eyki sina) ; hvildr, rested (peir hafa
moedda hesta, en ver hofum alia
hvilda) ; refl., hvilast = h. sik ; (2) to
lie, rest, sleep in a bed (h. i rekkju
sinni) ; h. hja e-m, to sleep with one ;
(3) to lie buried (til staSarins J)ar sem
6lafr hinn helgi hvilir).
hvila, f. bed\ ganga (fara) til hvilu,
to go to bed,
hvil-be$r, m. bed of rest ; -brog$,
n. pi. = hvilubrogS.
hvild, f. (i) rest, repose (taka h. or
hvildir) ; (2) pause (pd, var h. nokkur
i. um bardagann).
hvildar-dagr, m. day of rest, the
Sabbath ; -hestr, m. relay horse ;
-lauss, a. restless.
hvi-likr, sl. of what kind or sort.
hvilu-br6gt^ n. pi. cohabitation ;
-f61agi, m. bed-fellow ; -golf, n. bed
closet ; -klastSi, n. pi. bed-clothes ;
-tollr, m. hire of a bed; -J)r6ng, f.
want of rootn in one^s bed.
hvina (hvin ; hvein, hvinum ;
hvininn), v. to whiz, whistle (orvar
hvinu hjd l)eim oUum megin).
hviskr, n. whisper, whispering.
hviskra (atS), v. whisper.
hvisl, n., hvisla, f. whisper.
hviala (atS), v. = hviskra ; recipr.,
hvislast, to whisper to one another.
hvita-bjorn, m. white bear, polar
bear ; -dagar, m. pi. * the white days %
Whitsun-week,
hvitadaga-helgr, f. Whitsuntide',
-vika, f. Whitsun-week.
Hvita-kristr, m. the white Christ.
hvit-armr, a. white-ar7ned.
hvita-sunna, f. Whitsunday.
hvitasunnu-dagr, m. = hvitasunna.
hvita-vaSir, f. pi. the white dress
worn by those newly baptized.
hvit-beinn, a. white-legged', -ijat5-
ratSr, a. white-feathered', -fyssa
(-ti, -t), V. to be white with foam ;
-haddatSr, a. white-haired, light-
haired (meyjar -haddaSar) ; -harr, a.
white-haired.
hviti, {.fair complexion.
hvitingr, m. a kind of whale.
hvit-klaaddr, pp. clad in white ;
-leikr, m. whiteness.
hvitna (at$), v. to become white.
hvitr, a. white (hvitt silfr) ; h. a h^r,
white-haired.
hvit-rondottr, a. white - striped ;
-skeggj a^r, a. white-bearded; -skinn,
n. white skin, ermine ; -vatSungr (-s,
-ar), m. one dressed ift white weeds
(hvitavaSir).
hvaasa (-ta, -t), v. to hiss, of ser-
pents (h. sem hoggormr).
hvasBa, hvsesing, f. hissing;.
hvonn (gen. hvannar, pi. hvannir),
f. angelica.
hvot (gen. hvatar, pi. hvatir), f.
instigation, encouragement, itnpiilse.
hvotutSr, m. encoiirager, instigator,
hyggendi, f. wisdom, prudence.
hyggi-liga, adv. wisely, prudently ;
-ligr, a. wise, prudent.
hygginn, a. wise, prudent, intelli-
gent (peir er hyggnastir voru).
liygpja (hygg, hugt5a, hugt5r and
hugatSr), V. (i) to tliitik, believe;
hugSu 1)6 mjok ser hvarir-tveggju,
they were of different opinions ; {2) to
guess; fir hyggr pegjanda porf, few
can guess t/ie needs of him that is
silent ; il) to intend, purpose (soknar-
gogn J)au, er hann hugSi fram at
HY GGJA
[221]
HiEDI-YRDI
fcera) ; masla fagrt, ok fldtt h., to speak
fair and mean false ; mae'.a hugat (af
hugSu), to speak sincerely ; (4) h. e-m
e-t, to intend a thi7tg for one, to have
in store for one (pottist hann vita, at
honum mundi slikr kostr hugaSr) ; h.
e-m vel, to be well disposed towards
a person ; h. e-u ilia, to be ill pleased
with ; ok munu J)au vel h. {they will
be glad), er pau hafa akrinn ; (5) with
preps., h. af e-u, to leave off thinking
about, forget or drop (h. af harmi,
heimsku) ; h. af um leitina, to give
up the search ; h. at e-u, to attend to,
mind, look at] konungr hugSi vand-
liga at manninum, the king looked
closely at the tnan ; h. i. Q-l, to think
of{\\. i. flotta) ; ef hann i. grid hygSi,
tf he thought of a7iy breach of faith ;
h. fyrir e-u, to look to, take heed to
(hygg nu sva fyrir hag J)inum) ; h. til
e-s, to look forward to with pleasure,
&c. (hversu hyggr J)u til at deyja ? gott
hygg ek til bana mins) ; h. um e-t, to
think about a thing ; h. um me6 e-m,
to deliberate with one about a thing;
(6) refl., hyggjast, to think ; hyggst pu
betr g0ra munu ? thi7ikst thou thou
canst do it better? h. fyrir, to hesitate ;
hyggst vastr hvatr fyrir, a valiatit fnan
flinches for nought.
iiyggja, f. thought, mind, opinion,
liyggjandi, f. = hyggendi.
hyggju-leysi, n. thoughtlessness.
hyggnast (atS), v., h. af e-m, to gain
knowledge from one.
hylda (-Ida, -Idr), v. (i) to cut up
(takit per Hogna ok hyldit me3 knifi) ;
h. hval, to flense a whale', (2) refl.,
hyldast, to grow fat, get flesh.
hyldr, ^^i^. fleshy.
hylja (hyl, hulda, hulitJr and
huldr), V. to hide, cover (hann huldi
hofu6 sitt) ; fara huldu hofdi, to go
' with the head covered ', in disguise,
by stealth.
hiyljan, f. hiding, covering.
hylla (-ta, -tr), v., h. sik e-m, to court
a person's friendship, make friends
with ; h. fyrir e-m, to recofnmend one ;
refl., hyllast e-n = hylla sik e-m ; h.
e-n at, to pay homage to.
hylli, {.favour, grace (hafa gu6s h.).
hylma (-da, -dr), v., h. yfir e-u, to
hide, conceal (Jjarf ekki lengr yfir
J)essu at h.).
hylming, f. conceahnent.
hylr (-jar, -ir), m. deep place, pool,
in a river (i hylnum undir fossinum).
hyrna, {.point of an axe-head.
hyrndr, a. (i) horned (hyrnd kyr) ;
(2) ajtgular (t)rf-, fer-, dtt-hyrndr).
hyrning (pi. -ar), f. corner, nook (of
a house or room).
hymingr, m. (i) a horned man (a
bishop wearing a mitre) ; (2) angle
(J)ri-hyrningr, triangle).
hyrr (gen. hyrjar), m.fre (poet).
hyski, n. = hyski.
hybyla-, gen. pi. from hybyli ; -b6t,n.
bettering of one's hofnestead; -brestr,
m. home loss ; -hattir, m. pi, home
affairs, home ?7ianners ; -prutSr, a.
keeping a hospitable house (A. var
-pru5r ok gleSimaQr mikill) ; -skomm,
f. disgrace to the home.
hy-byli, n. pi. (i) ho77ie, homestead^
house (1 annarra manna hybylum) ;
(2) household.
hyt$a (-dda, -ddr), v. to flog {=^ berja
hu6 af e-m).
hycSing, i-flogg.^ig {— huSstroka).
Hynir, m. pi. = Hiinar.
hf -TLott, {.night of anxious waiting{}).
hynskr, a. Htmnish.
hyrast (tS), v. refl. to be gladdened,
b7ighte7i up (hyrSist hann skjott 1
vic3brag3i).
hyr-liga, adv. cheerily, with a
S7niling face (lita -liga til e-s) ; -ligr,
2i. friendly , smiling.
hyrr, a. smiling, pleasant, mildy
friendly (h. 1 viSbragSi).
hysa (-ta, -tr), v. to house, harbour.
hyski, n. household, family.
hsetS, f. (i) height ; hann hljop meirr
en h. sin a, he could leap ?7tore than
his own height ; (2) height, eminence,
hill (gengu {)eir upp i. h. nbkkura).
hseSa (-dda, -ddr), \.to scoff at, 7nock
(h. e-n or h. at e-m).
hastJi-liga, adv. mockingly, scorn*
fully (tala -liga til e-s) ; -ligr, a. (i)
derisive, disgraceful ; (2) contemptible.
haetSinn, 2^. fond of mocking.
hflBtSi-yrtSi, n. pi. taunts, gibes.
H^DNI
[222]
HCEPIWN-
hsBtJni, f. mocking, 7nockery.
\isstc,2L. fit, proper \ t.w<gw\i.^ good for
nothing, useless, worthless.
haBki-liga, adv. vehemently.
liaBl-bein, n. heel bone ; -bitr, m.
heel-biter', -dreginn, pp. dragging
the heels in walking ; -drep, n. blow
on the heel.
hasli, n. shelter, refuge ; leita s^r
haslis, to seek for shelter.
hael-krokr, m. ' heel-crook *, catch
with the heel (a trick in wrestling).
hsBll (-S, -ar), m. heel; hlaupa (fara,
ganga) i. haela e-m, to follow at one's
heels ; hur6 fellr (lykst) i. hsela e-m,
the door shuts {closes) upon one^s
heels ; fara aptr i. hasli, to return zm-
7nediately ; hopa (fara) i. hael fyrir e-m,
to retreat, recede before otie.
haall (-S, -ar), m. (i) peg, pin; (2)
handle in a scythe-shaft (orf-hsell).
hsell, m. a widow whose husband
has bee?t slain in battle.
haBl-sitSr, a. reachitig down to the
heels (-si6r kyrtill).
haBngr, m. ynale sahnon.
hsBra, f. hoariness, grey hair (skegg
hvitt af hccru) ; fa elli ok haeru, to live
to a hoary old age ; esp. in pi., grar
(hvitr) fyrir {or af) haerum, white with
grey hair.
hesrcSr, a. haired; h. vel, having fi7ie
hair; h. mjok, havifig much hair.
haBringr, m. hoary {old) man.
haeru-karl, m. = hasringr ; -kollr,
m. hoary head, a nickname ; -langr,
a. having long grey hair ; -skeggi, m.
hoary beard ; -skotinn, pp. grizzled.
haBtta (-tta, -tt), v. to leave off, with
dat. (h. heyverkum) ; with infin. to
cease (h. at tala).
haatta (-tta, -tt), v. to risk, venture,
stake, with dat. ( L. vildi eigi ut h. sinum
monnum) ; h. til pess virSing J)inni,
to stake thy ho7tour on it; impers.,
litlu haettir nu til, there is but S77iall
risk ; absol., hefir sd, er hasttir, he wi7is
who risks, ^nothing venture 7iothing
have' ; h. til e-s, to risk a thi7ig (vil
ek heldr til J)ess h. en hitt spyrist a
onnur lond) ; h. ^ e-t, to risk (kvaSust
^ t)a6 mundu h. at berjast) ; to venture
upony to trust to (h. ^ miskunn e-s) ; h.
e-u undir e-n, to depend on one for a
thing.
haBtta, f. danger, peril; eiga mikit i
hsettu, to run a g7'eat risk; leggja e-t
i hasttu, to expose to risk or da7iger
(leggja sik, lif sitt, i€ sitt, i haettu) ;
leggja i. J)a hsettu, to run the risk.
haBtting, f. danger , risk.
haettingar-ferS, f. dangerous jour-
ney (= hasttu-fer6).
haBtt-leggja (see leggja), v. to risk ;
-liga, adv. dangerojtsly ; -ligr, a. dan-
gerous ; koUuSu -ligan matt hans, they
said that he was sinking fast.
hasttr, a. (i) dangerous (slikr ma6r
er hasttastr, ef) ; (2) da7igerously ill
(vera, liggja, h.) ; (3) exposed to dan-
ger; ekki h. fyrir vapnum, proof
agai7ist weapons ; (4) e-m er haett vi6
e-u, one is i7t danger of; var l^uriSi
vi3 engu meini hastt, Thu7id was out
of danger.
li8Bttu-fer(5, -for, f. dangerous jour-
ney ; -lauss, a. free from danger^
without danger ; -iitill, a. little dan-
gerotis ; -mikill, a. very dangerous ;
-rats, n. da7igerous plan.
hoefa (-(Sa, -(5r), v. (i) to hit, with
ace. ({)eir hoefa aldri dyr) ; hann hoefdi
allt J)at, er hann skaut til, he never
77iissed his 77iark ; h. til, to ai7n ; svd
hafdi smi6rinn til hceft, so well had
he ai77ied; (2) to fit, with dat. (hoefdu
Kjartani J)au klasdi allvel); (3) to
behove, be 77ieet (eigi hoefir at drepa
syd fagran svein) ; sva hoefir eigi, segir
Ulfr, that will not do, said t/. ; h. e-m,
to be 7neet for one; (4) refl., hcefast,
to fit each other, to correspond ; spjotit
mun h. ok sar pat, the shaft and the
wou7id will co7'respo7id ; h.d, to agree
in ti77ie, coincide.
hoefi, n. {\) fit7iess ; vera vi3 e-s h.,
tofit07ie, be suitable, C07ive7tie7it {Hrutr
feick ser nu konu J)a, er honum J)6tti
vi5 sitt h.) ; (2) skjota til hcefis, to
shoot at a 7nark.
hoefi-latr, a. 7node7'ate ; -liga, adv.
fitly ; -ligr, a. fit, due.
hoefindi, n. pi. what fits^ behoves.
hoefing,f.<a'/wz;/^; g0rah., to take ai7n.
hoefinn, a. ai7ning well, good at hit"
ti7io- the 77iark.
HCEFNI
[223]
HOPUD
hoBfni, f. good marksmanship (Ein-
driSi lofaQi hoefni konungs).
hoBgindi, n. pi. (l) relief (for the sick
and poor) ; (2) coinforts ; snuast til
hcEginda, to turn to advantage^ for
the better ; (3) in sing., bolster, pillow,
cushion (undir hcEgindit i hvilunni).
hoegja (-cSa, -t$r), v. (i) to abate,
with dat. ; h. rds sinni, to slacken one's
course \ (2) to relieve, seek relief for
one (var t)eim hoegt i ollu sem matti) ;
(3) refl., hoegjast, to abate (sjor tok
at h.) ; to get sfnoother (kann vera at
hoegist rdSit); impers., eptir allt J)etta
hoegdist Fr65a litit, F. became more
at ease.
hoeg-liga, adv. with ease, gently ;
-ligr, a. easy, cofivenient ; -lifi, n. easy
or comfortable life.
hoegr (ace. -jan and -an), a. easy,
convenient', ykkr er J)at hoegst um
hond, it is most at hand for you ; h.
byrr, a gentle, fair wind ; ekki var
samlag J)eirra hoegt, they were ?tot o?t
good terms ; h. e-m or vi3 Q-n, gentle
towards one.
hoegri, a. compar. (from hoegr),
right', til h. handar, til hcegra vegs,
on the right hand, to the right.
hoekil-bjugr, a, bowed in the knees.
hoekja, f. crutch.
hoela (-da, -t), v.^(i) to praise, with
dat. (hann hoeldi Ulfari mjok) ; (2) to
boast of (sverdi hoelir J)u J)ar, en eigi
sigri); (3) refl.,hoelast, to boast, vaunt;
h. e-u (af e-u, um e-t), to boast of; h.
vi6 e-n, to boast over one.
hoelinn, a. given to boasting.
hoelni, f. boasting, bragging.
hoena, f. hen (hani ok hoena).
hoens, hoensn, n. pi. hens, fowls.
hoeta (-tta, -tt), v. to threaten ; h.
e-m e-u, to threaten one with a thing
(hoetti honum dauda).
hoeting (pi. -ar), f. threatening.
hoetinn, a. given to threatening.
hoeverska, f. courtesy , good manners .
yiasvevakriigSi^yaidv . politely , fashion-
ably {-\\g2i klaedd) ; -ligr, a. = hceverskr.
hoeverskr, a. well-mannered, polite.
hotSnu-kitS, n. female kid, young she-
^oat (ci. 'huSna').
hoftSa (at5), w.{i) to cut the head off
(h. fisk), to behead; (2) h. mil (sok) st
hond (a hendr) e-m, to bring an action
against one.
hdf tSatSr, pp. headed (h. sem hundr ;
cf. tvi-, t>ri-hof3a6r).
h6ftSa-fj61, f. head-board of a bed"
stead ; -hlutr, m. = hofuShlutr ; -lag,
n. bed's head ; -skip, n. a ship with
an ornamental prow ; -tal, n. ' tale of
heads', nufnber of persons ^ etc.
hof (Si, m. headland.
hoftSingi (pi. -jar), m. (i) chief,
leader; h. J)eirrar ra6ag0r5ar, at the
head of that plan ; ( 2 ) captain, com-
?nander (K. var h. yfir l)eim her) ; (3)
chief, ruler, esp. in pi., 7nen of rank
or authority (hofdingjar ok godir
menn ; hann g0r6ist J)a h. mikill).
hof Singja-, gen. from * hofdingi ' ;
-ast, f. love for on^s chief; -bragS,
n. the bearing of a chief {\\3i2i -bragd
i. s^r); -djarfr, 3.. frank and bold in
one' s intercourse with the great; -efni,
n. a hopeful man for a chief ( L. t)6tti
bezt -efni austr J)ar) ; -fundr, m. 77ieet'
ing of chief s ; -hlutr, m. a chiefs s lot
or share ; -ksBrr, a. in favour with
the great; -laAiaat 3.. chief less ; -merki,
n. chiefs sta?idard ; -nafn, n. chiefs
title ; -skipti, n. change of rulers ;
-son, m. S071 of a chief; -stefha,
f. = -fundr ; -styrkr, m. support of
great folk; -eett, f. noble ext7'actiony
high birth.
hof tSing-liga, adv. nobly, generous-
ly ; -ligr, a. princely, noble ; -skapr,
m. {i) power, do7ninion ; (2) authority,
prestige ; (3) liberality, generosity.
hofga (ac5), v. to make heavy ; impers.,
e-m {or e-nj hofgar, one beco77ies heavy
with sleep.
h6fga-vara, f. heavy wares.
hofgi, m. (i) heaviness, weight; (2)
sleep, nap (rann a hann h.); drow-
siness (slo a \)i. hofga svi miklum, at
J)eir md,ttu eigi voku halda).
hofn (gen. hafnar, pi. hafnir), f.
{\)have7i, harbour ; [^) faettis (a pann
hdtt sem h. vex meS konu) ; (3) coat,
cloak, = yfirhofn (hann tok af ser
hofnina ok sveipaSi um konunginn) ;
(4) tenure of land ( jarfiar h.).
hofutS (dat. hdfSi ; gen pi. hof tJa),
HOFUB-A
[224]
HOPUGB
n. (i) head (hoggva h. af e-m) ; Idta
e-n hof^i skemmra, to behead one ;
strjuka aldrei urn frjdist h., to be never
free, never at ease ; skera e-m h., to
make a wry fate at one \ heita i h.
e-m, to be called after a person ; hastta
hofSi, to risk one's life ; leggja vid h.
silt, to stake one's head \ Icera e-m h.
sitt, to surrender oneself to an enemy \
drepa niSr hofSi, to droop the head',
l^nku hof af hof5i, the fog lifted ; stiga
yfir h. e-m, to overcome one ; hlada
helium a6 hol6i e-m, to leave one dead
on the spot ; ganga milli bols ok
hofuSs e-s or i. e-m, to hew off one's
head, to kill outright', senda e-n til
\\'6i\ihs^-xi\,to sendo7ie to take another's
head; leggja fe til hofuSs e-m, to set
a price on o?te's head', leggjast e-t
undir h.,to put aside^ neglect {pAa.g6]st
eigi pessa ierd undir h.) ; vera hof6i
hasrri, to be taller by a head ; (2) head,
chiif (h. lendra manna) ; Jrandheimr
hefir lengi veri6 kalla6r h. Noregs,
the chief district of Norway ; (3)
ornatnental prow of a ship (skip med
gyltum hofSum) ; orname7ital head on
a bridle (slitna3i sundr beizlit, ok
tyndist h., er d var).
iiofu^-a, f. chief river; -drr, m.
archangel ; -dtt, f. cardinal point ;
-batSmr, m. the ' head stem ', agnate
lineage ; -band, n. head-baftd, snood,
fillet ; -bani, m, death, destruction ;
-bein, n. pi. head-bones ; -benda, f.
(l) naut. stay, shroud', (2) fig. stay,
support ; -blot, n. chief sacrifice ;
-borg, f. head totun, capital ; -bol, n.
chief estate, manorial estate ; -brot,
n. great damage, ruin ; -burtSr, m.
^bearing of the head\ fig. honour,
credit, prestige ; e-m er litill -burSr at
e-u, // does him little honour {credit) ;
-beer, m. = -bol ; -diikr, m, head-
kerchief hood', -facSir, m. protector,
patron ; -firn, n. pi. great scajtdal',
-gersemi, f. great je%uel ; -gjarnt, a.
w. fatal, dangero7{s to one's life ; -gjof,
f. capital gift ; -go(5, n. principal god ',
-gsefa, f. great luck ; -hdtiS. f. prin-
cipal feast ; -hetja, f. great champion,
chief', -hlutr, m. the upper part of
the body^ opp. to ' fotahlutr ' ; -hof, n.
chief temple ; -isar, m. ^^X. great masses
of ice, ice-banks ; -kempa, f. = -hetja ;
-kennimatSr, m. great clerk, ecclc'
siastic ; -kirl^a, f. high-church, cathe-
dral', -klerkr, m. great clerk or
scholar', -konungr, m. sovereign
king ; -lausn, f. * head-ransom ' (the
name of three old poems) ; -lauss, a.
{ I ) headless, without a head ; ( 2 ) 7vith-
out a leader (-lauss herr); -leSr, n.
head-piece of a bridle ; -Iseknir, m.
chief physician ; -Idstr, m. cardinal
sin ; -matJr, m. head-man, chief;
-mein, n. sore {boil) on the head',
-meistari, m. head-tnaster', -merki,
n. (l) chief mark, characteristic, (2)
chief standard', -mikill, a. big-
headed ; -mundr, m. ransom ; -nautS-
syn, f. gi'eat need', -nitSjar, m. pi.
head-kinsmen, agnates ; -orar, m.
pi. delirium ; -rdt5, n. chief council ;
-rdtSgjafi, m. chief adviser ; -sdr, n.
wound ifi the head.
hofu(5s-bani, m, = hofuSbani.
\\.QfxL^'^\s^AfX\. great poet ; -skepna,
f. prime ele7nent ; -skutilsveinn, m.
head-cupbea7'er', -skomm, f. great
sha?ne, scandal ; -skorungr, m. great
and 7wble perso7t.
hofuSs-matSr, m. head-7nan, leader ^
chief {vq\ til fallinn at vera -maQr).
hofuS-smatt, f. the ope7iing for the
head (in a shirt or smock-frock) ;
-smiSr, m. chief builder ; -statSr, m.
capital, chief place ; -steypa, f. tum-
bling on the head{{siV3. -steypu) ; -svi-
(Sa, f. si7iged sheep's head', -svortSr,
m. head-ski7i, scalp ; standayfir -svorS-
um e-s, to have an enemy's head in
07ie's power ; -synd, f. cardi7ial sin ;
-ssBti, n. chief seat; -tunga,f. chief lan-
guage ; -vdpn, n. principal weapon ;
-veizla, f. chief banquet ; -v61, f. chief
device ; -verkr, m. headache ; -vinr,
m. boso77i frie7id ; -vor^r, m. body-
guard; -ping, n. chief meeting;
-Jjvdttr, m. head-washing ; -astt, f.=
-dtt ; -cerr, a. i7isane ; -oersl, n. pi.,
-oerslur, f. pi. = -orar.
hofug-leikr, m. heaviness.
hdfugr, a. (i) heavy (h. steinn) ; (2)
heavy with sleep, drowsy ; e-m er
hofugt, one is sleepy.
HOFUNDB
[225]
HOND
hofundr (-ar, -ar), m. (i) author^
originator ; (2) judge (rare).
hogg (dat. hoggvi), n. (i) stroke^
blow\ Ijosta h. d. dyrr, to knock at
the door ; skamma stund ver6r bond
hoggvi fegin, only a short while is
the hand fain of the blow \ eigi fellr
trd vi6 hit fyrsta h., no tree falls at
the first stroke ; (2) beheadings execu-
tion (leiQa e-n til hoggs) ; (3) fig.
g.ip^ breach (kom t)d fljott h. i lidit).
hogg-fcBri, n. the being within
sword^s reach ; standa 1 -fceri (vi3 e-n),
to stand within stroke of sword ; -jdrn,
n. * hewing iron \ chopper ; -ormr, m.
viper \ -orrosta, f. close fght \ -ro, f.
clinch on a sword's hilt (cf. ' hugr6 ');
-rum, n. room to use a sword ; -sax,
n. a kind of cutlass ; -spjot, a kind of
halberd \ -statSr, m. place for a blow
(leita -sta6ar d e-m) ; -stokkr, m.
chopping-block.
hoggu-nott, f. = hokunott.
hoggva {^9>gg\ hj6, hjoggum or
hjuggum ; hoggvinn and hogginn),
V. (i) to strike, smite (with a sharp
weapon) ; h0ggr sa, er hlifa skyldi, he
strikes who ought to shield] h. sverQi
{or meS sverfii), to strike with a
sword \ h. e-n bana-hogg, to give one
his deathblow ; (2) to cut down, de-
stroy (t)eir hjoggu drekann mjok) ; (3)
to put to death, behead {snv^iSi let hann
hengja e6a h.) ; to kill, slaughter (h.
hest, bufe, kyr, naut) ; (4) to fell trees
(hann hefir hoggvit i skogi minum) ;
(5) to strike, bite (of a snake, boar) ;
ormrinn hjo hann til bana, the snake
struck him dead\ (6) with preps., h.
e-t af, to hew or cut off i^. af kampa
ok skegg) ; h. af fe, to kill {slaughter)
cattle ; h. e-t af ser, to ward off\ h.
eptir e-m, to cut at one, — h. til e-s
(hjo eptir honum meci sver6ij ; h. i
hofu6 e-m, to give one a blow on the
head] h. e-t niSr, to cut down (var
merki hans ni6r hoggvit) ; to kill,
butcher ( I . hefir a5r nidr hoggvit broedr
sina tvaj ; h. e-t or, to cut out; fig.
to ?nake even, s?nooth (lata konung ok
erkibiskup or h. slikar greinir) ; h. e-t i
sundr, to hew asunder ; h. til e-s, to
Strike {cut) at one, = h. eptir e-m ; h.
upp tr^, to cut down a tree ; h. upp
skip, to break a ship up; (7) refl. to
be cut, hacked {h]6s\. skjoldr Helga) ;
\)6ti\ honum nu taka mjok um at
hoggvast, things looked hard ; reci pr.,
to exchange blows, fight {^t\r hjuggust
nokkura stund).
hoggvandi, m. (l) hezver, smiter;
(2) headsman, executioner.
hogg-vapn, n. ' cutting weapon *,
sword or axe (opp. to ' lagvipn ').
hoggva-skipti, -vicSskipti, n. pi.
exchange of blows.
h6gg-0x, f. ^hewing-axe\ hatchet.
hdgld (pi. hagldir), f. a kind of
buckle (shaped like 00), used to run
a rope through with which hay is
trussed (bregma reipum i hagldir).
hoku-, gen. from ' haka ' ; -bein, n.
chin bone (hokubeinit ok hakan) ;
-langr, a. having a long chin.
hokul-broekr, f. pi. ' cloak-breeches '
(exact meaning doubtful).
hokull (dat. hoklij, m. pj-iesf s cope,
chasuble.
hokul-skiiatSr, pp. ^ cloak-shod' {"i).
hoku-mikill, a. having a large
chin (hilslangr ok h.).
hoku-nott, f. jnidwinter-night.
hoku-skegg, n. beard on the chin.
hold-borinn, pp. born of a ' holdr ',
enjoying a hold's 7'ight, free-bom.
holdr, m. (i) a kind of higher yeo-
man; (2) in poetry, ;;/««; hoidasynir,
sons of men.
holkn, n. a rough, stony field.
holl (gen. hallar, pi. hallir), f. large
house, hall (esp. of a king or earl).
h0lzti, adv. = helzti.
horn (gen. hamar), f. ha?n or haunch
(of a horse).
homlu-, gen. from * ham la ' ; -band,
n. oar-strap, oar-gru7nfnet.
bond ( gen. bandar, dat. hendi ; pi.
hendr), f. (l) ha?td ; taka hendi i.
e-u, to touch with the hand; hafa e-t
i hendi, to hold in the hand; drepa
hendi vi3 e-u, to refuse ; halda hendi
yfir e-m, to protect 07ie; laka e-n
hondum, to seize, capture \ bera bond
fyrir hofu3 se'r, to atfe7id oneself; eiga
hendr sinar at verja, to act in self-
defence ; Mta e-t hendi firr, to let go
ItEL. DICT.
hOnd
[226]
HOTTR
out of one's hands, to lose ; taka i h.
e-m, to join hands with one ; eiga e-t
jofnum hondum, to own in equal
shares ; sverja ser af hendi, to for-
swear-, af hendi e-s, on one's behalf
on the part ofizi hendi landsmanna) ;
at hendi, as adv. in turn ; hverr at
hendi, each in turn ; felast d, hendi
e-m, to be under one's protection ;
hvat er J)dr i. hondum, what hast
thou in handf; ef honum vasri ekki
a hondum, if he had nothing in hand,
if his hands were free ; eiga e-t fyrir
hendi (hondum), to have in hand^
(duty, business, engagement) ; vera i
hendi, to be at hand, at one's disposal ;
hafa vel (ilia) i hondum, to behave
well {badly) ; hafa e-t meQ hondum,
to have in hand, manage, discharge ;
hljota e-t undan hendi ^-s,froin one,
at one's hand; i.\v.,i. hendr, against
(lysa vigi i. h. e-m) ; snua vanda a
hendr e-m, to throw the responsibility
on one ; foerast e-t d hendr, to under-
take; ganga (drifa) d h. e-m, to submit
to one ; bjargast d sinar hendr, by
one's own handiwork ; selja, gefa, ii.
e-t i hond (hendr) e-m, to give into
one's hands, hand over ; bua e-t i
hendr e-m, to make it ready for one ;
kalla til e-s i hendr e-m, to lay clai?n
to a thing at the hands of atiother ;
pd somu nott, er for i h., the following
night; ve6r ox i h., the wind rose
higher aftd higher ; vera hoegt um h.,
to be easy in hand; til handa e-m,
into ones hands ; ganga til handa
e-m, to put oneself in atiother' s hands,
submit to him ; ef t)at berr J)dr til
handa, if it befalls thee ; '^i. skomm
kys ek m^r eigi til handa, / will not
have that shame at my door ; bidja
konu til handa e-m, on one's behalf,
for him ; ( 2) the artn and hand, the
arm (hondin gekk af axlarliSnum ;
hann hefir d hoegri hendi bring fyrir
ofan cilnboga) ; var eigi djupara en
t)eim tok undir hendr, the water just
reached to their armpits ; (3) hand,
side ; i. hoegri (vinstri) h., on the right
{left) hand, side ; d hvdra h., on either
hand; minnar (ySvarrar) bandar, /<?r
my {your) part ; (4) kind^ sort ; allra
handa drgcezka, great abundance of
all things.
hdndla (acS), v. (i) to seize, capture
(h. gloepamann) ; (2) to treat ; h. e-n
ilia, to treat one ill.
honk (gen. hankar, pi. henkr), f.
hank, coil, loop, ring; sterkar henkr,
stro7ig clasps.
horta (atJj, v. to retire, withdraw
(h. undan) ; h. fyrir e-m, to give way
before one.
h6r-gefn, f. poet, woman.
hdrgr (-s, -ar), m. heathen place of
worship, cairn or altar of stone (horg
hann mer g0r6i hlaSinn steinum).
hor-hnoSa, n. clew of flax.
horkla (at5), v. to hobble, walk with
difficulty (Jjat li6 tekr at dasast ok
horklar af heiSinni ofan).
horkull, m. noise, din.
horniiigr, a. afflicted, sor?-owful.
hdrmu-liga, adv. sadly; -ligr, a.
sad, distressing (-lig tifiendi).
hormung, f. grief affliction.
hormungar-laBti, -ort5, n. pi , -tala,
f . lamentaiions.
horpu-, gen. from 'harpa*; -leikr,
m. playing on a harp ; -skel, f. ^harp-
shell ', scallop ; -slagari, -slagi, m.
harper; -slagr, -slattr, m. striking
the harp ; -stokkr, m. harp-case ;
-strengr, m. harp-string.
horr (dat. horvi and hor), m. flax,
linen (af hor e6a hampi) ; diikr hvitr
af horvi, a cloth of white linen,
hdr-skryddr, pp. clad in linen.
horund, n. and f. (i) htiman fleshy
= hold (milli skinns ok horunds) ;
(2) skin, complexion ; svartr i. har ok
h., black in hair and skin.
hdrundar-litr, m. colour of flesh
(Hel er bid half, en half me3 -lit).
horunda-litr, m. = horundarlitr ;
-]j6ss, a. of bright co?npiexion.
hos-magi, m. a sheep with a grey^
dusky belly ; -mogottr, a. grey on the
belly (hriitr h. at lit).
boss (ace. hosvan), a. grey, of a
wolf (ulfr hinn hosvi).
hdsvast (atS), v. refl. to approach
one wrathful ly (h. at e-m).
hottr (gen. hattar, dat. hetti; pi.
hettir, ace. hottu), m. hood.
IBA
[227J
ILLR
i^a, f. eddy, whirlpool.
ic5-gj61d, n. recompense, reward',
-gnogr, a. over-abundaJit ; -gnott, f.
great abundance.
it5inn, a diligent, assiduous.
it5ja (a (5), v. to do, perform.
it5ja, f. activity, doing, business.
i?ija-groenn, a. ever-green.
iSj^-» gen. from ' i5ja ' ; -fullr, a.
hard-working ; -laus3, a. idle ; -leysi,
n. idleness ; -matSr, m. hard-working
man ; -samr, a. industrious.
iSka (ac5), v. /<? perfonn, cultivate.
iS-lika, adv. exactly alike (e-m).
iSn (pi. -ir), f. occupation, business.
itSna (atS), v. (i) to do, perform, =
idja ; (2) /<? ^e/^r/^ ^Z (a thing).
itJnar-, gen. from ' i3n ' ; -mac5r, m.
= iSjumaSr.
itSr, n. pi. bowels, entrails.
it5ra (acS), v. to jnake one repent (eigi
i3ra mik minar g0r6ir) ; impers., e-n
iSrar e-s or eptir e-t, and refl., iSrast
e-s , to repetit of.
it5ran, f. repentance.
it5ranar-fullr, -fiiss, a. repentant,
penitent; -lauss, a. unrepentant;
-mark, n. mark of repentatice.
it5randi (pi. -endr), m. repentant.
itSrar, f. pi. (l) bowels, entrails = \6i;
(2) repenta?ice.
itSri, a. compar., see ' innri '.
ic5ug-liga, -ligr, = i6u-liga, -ligr.
i(5u-kast, n. whirling eddy, = i6a.
i^u-liga, d^dy. freqtiently; -ligr, a.
frequent, co7itinuous.
iSur-liga, -ligr, = i3u-liga, -ligr,
if, ifa, ifan, see ' ef , efa, efan.'
il (pi. iljar), f. sole of the foot.
il-band, n. strap under the foot.
ilbanda-broekr, f. pi. breeches or
trousers with ' ii-bond '.
ilia ((_ompar. verr, superl. verst),
adv. badly, ill; lika \., to dislike.
ill-brag5, n., -brig^i, n. bad trick ;
-byli, n. wretched home ; -deildir,
f. pi. hostilities, quarrels ; -dyri, n.
noxious afiimal.
illendi, n. pi. (i) spite (til dleitni ok
illenda) ; (2) gangrene (j)at sar greri
ilia, svd at blastr'hljop ok illendi i).
ill-felli, n. mishap ; -fengr, a. ill-
natured', -ferli, n. pi. /// doings, evil
ways', -fuss, a. ill -willed', -fygli, n.
noxious birds; fystr, pp. bent on
evil; -geta, f . imputation ; -girnd, f.,
-girni, f. ill-will, ill-nature, malice ;
-gjarn, a. ill- willed, ill-natured,
malicious ; -gjarnligr, a. ill-natured,
spiteful ; -gresi, n, 'evil grass ', weeds,
tares ; -grunat5r, pp. suspected of evil
(um e-3) ; -gaeti, n. ill fare ; -g0rS,
f. evil doing, misdeed.
illg0r$a-flokkr, m. gang of evil-
doers; -macSr, m. evil-doer', -samr,
a. evil-doifig.
ill-breysingr, m. savage, miscreant ;
-hveli, n. evil {noxious) whale.
illi-liga, adv. hideously ; -ligr, a.
ill-looking, hideous (-lig gaulan).
ill-kvikendi, -kykvendi, n. noxious
beast ; -kyndugr, a. crafty, wily, cun-
ning ; -kyngi, f. wiliness ; -leikni, f.
ill-treatment (gora e-m -leikni).
ill-lifnat5ar-m.at5r, m. a man of an
ill life (-madr um kvennafar).
ill-lifnaSr, m., -lifi, n. wicked life ;
-lifr, a. wicked ; -lyndi, n. evil tem-
per, ill-nature ; -laBti, n. pi. hideous
grimaces ; -mannliga, adv. wickedly,
c7-uelly ; -mannligr, a. inhumane,
cruel, wicked; -malugr, a. foul-
mouthed, slanderous ; -ir enni, n.
wicked {cruel) man ; -mennaka, f.
wickedness, cruelty ; -masla (-ta, -tr),
V. to talk evil of slander, with ace. or
dat. ; -msBlgi, f., -maeli, n. slander,
calianny, libel; -orcSr, a. sUuiderouSy
abusive.
illr (compar. verri, superl. veratr),
a. (i) /■//, evil, bad; illr madr, a bad
}nan ; ill rad, evil counsel ; ilium huga,
with evil intent; illu feginn ver J)u
aldregi, never rejoice at evil; illar
alogur, evil, oppressive burdens ; (2)
hard, difficult, with gen.; illr vidr-
IIiL-BADR
[228]
INWAW-LANDS
eignar, ill to deal with ; (3) close,
mean, stingy (illr af mat).
ill-rd$r, a., -ra(5ugr, a. wicked)
•raBt5i, n. evil deed, cri7ne.
illraBcSis-ma^r, m. evil-doer.
ill-sakar, f. pi , tro5a -sakar vi3 e-n,
to have it out with one.
illska, f. wickedfiess, cruelty.
illskast (atS), v. refl. to wax wroth
and furious.
ill-skdi, m. the less of two evils.
illsku-fullr, a. full of wickedness ;
-kraplr, m. wicked power ; -ma'5r,
m. wicked {cruel) man ; -J)ra, f. iti-
clination to mischief or evil.
ill-spdr, f. pi, evil prophecy, croak-
ings; -svipligr, a. ill-looking-, -ucS,
f. ill-nature ; -u$igr, a. ill-7iattired,
evil-bodifig; -utJligr, a. ill-looking,
grim ; -verk, n. evil deed ; -viSri,
n. dad weather.
illviSris-bakki, m., -klakkar, m.
^\. foul-weather clouds.
ill-vili, m. ill-will, hostility ; -vilja,
a. indecl., -vilja^r, a. ill-willed, evil-
minded.
illvilja-maSr, m. ill-wisher.
ill-virki (pi. -virkjar), m. evil-doer^
criminal', -virki,n. evil doing, crime,
robbery, ravage ; -vflBrt. a. n., illvcert
var uti, one could hardly stay out-of-
doors; -yr^a (-t$a, -tSr), v. to speak
ill to, abuse ; -yrtSi, n. pi. abusive
language ; -yrmi, n. noxious wortns,
verfnin ; -ySgi, f. = -u6 ; -J)raBli, n.
wretched thrall; -t)ySi, n. rabble, gang
of thieves and robbers.
illj)yt$is-f61k, n. = il]J)y6i ; -ma^ir,
m. = illvirki (m.).
ilma (-di, -t), v. {\) to smell sweet ;
ilmandi, sweet-smelling; (2) to scent,
perceive by smell (l)efja ok ilma).
ilmr, m. sweet smell, sce?tt.
imbru-dagar, m. pi. E7nber-days.
imbrudaga-vika, f. Ember-week.
imbru-dcsgr, n. pi. = -dagar.
in, temp, adv., pleonast. before a
compar., helt-a in lengr rumi, he kept
not his place longer, he ra?i away ;
mann in harSara = harSara mann, a
hardier man ; nema J)u in snotrari
ser, unless thou art wiser ; ne in heldr,
neither ; ne bests in heldr, nor of his
horse either; eigi in heldr aetla ek l)at,
neither do I think that.
inn (compar. innarr, superl. innst),
adv. (i) i7i, into ; ganga inn i buSina,
to go into the booth ; ganga inn, to go
i7i-doors (Njall gekk ymist ut e3a inn);
kasta e-m (setja e-n) inn, to cast into
prison ; var l)ar glaumr mikill inn {in
the house) at heyra ; inn eptir firSi,
inwards along the firth ; (2) denoting
the situation of a place, = inni (var5
H^lfdan braSdauSr inn 1 f>randheimi);
(3) innarr, 77iore inward, farther in ;
innst, 7nost i7iward, farthest in.
inn (in, it), def. art. the = hinn (hin,
hit).
inna (-ta, -tr), v. (i) to pe7for7n (i.
iprott); hafSi hann J)a af hendi innt
alia sastt sina, he had the7i fulfilled all
the ter77is of his ato7ie77ie7tt ; {2) to
pay, discharge (i. gjald af hendi) ;
hvat dttu mer illt at i., what evil hast
thou to repay 7nef {^) to relate, tell
(i. sin vandrseSi) ; innti orSstafi at
eldi Ijosum, she read out the letters by
the light of the fire; (4) i. til e-s, to
allude to, 77ie7itio7i, speak of (J)d skatta,
sem nu mun ek til i.) ; i. upp, to su77i
up, expoimd (i. upp allan malavoxt);
(5) refl., innast til um e-t, to discuss ;
inntust })eir til um kaupakosti. they
aiscussed the bargai7i ; innast or6 vi5,
to exchange words.
innan, sdv. {i) f?07n within, frotn
a7i i7iner part (reru Jjeir innan i moti
J^eim); Issti hon loptinu i., she locked
the door fr 0771 the inside; (2) i7iter-
7ially, withi7i ; gengu ^€\x um kirkjuna
i., all round the i7iside of the church ;
rak Jja si8an um haf i., all about the
sea ; fyrir i., prep, with ace. inside of
withi7i ; fyrir i. stokk, in-doors ; (3)
prep, with gen. within ; i. litils tima,
within a short ii77te, prese7itly ; esp.
in a great many adverbial compds.
innan-borfs, adv. on boa7-d; -borg-
ar, adv. withi7i the tow7i ; -butSar,
adv. within the booth ; -baBJar, adv.
witlmi toivn ; -gengt, a. n. accessible
f 7-0171 within (-gengt var 1 fjosit) ;
-hiiss, adv. indoors, within the house ;
-lands, adv. within the landj at
hofne.
INK-AK-IiANDS-HOFDINGI [229]
innanlands-hofSingi, m. native
chiefs -menn, m. pi. natives.
innan-raein, n. internal coniplaijit ;
-rifja, adv. within the ribs, inwardly,
-sott, f. = -mein ; -vatr, a. wet within ;
hafa -vatt, to have the sea washing
over ; t)eir fengu mjok -vatt, they had
a wet passage ; -vert^r, a. inward,
interior', i -verSri buSinni, i?t the
inner (inmost) part of the booth.
innar-liga, 3.(\\. far inward.
innarr, adv. compar., see ' inn '.
innarst, adv. superl. farthest in, at
the further end, = innst, see ' inn '.
inn-bldstr, m. i?ispiratio7i ; -borg,
f. the in7ier castle, keep ; -byr^is, adv.
on board', -daeli, n. ease, comfort',
-daB 1, a. quite easy ; -eygr, a. i7i-eyed,
hollow-eyed', -firc5ingr (-s, -ar), m.
a 7n.in from the in7ier pa7't of a fjord ',
'gsinga,f, en t7'a7tce ; bei6a e-n -gongu,
to ash 07ie to be let in \ -gangr, m.
(i) = inn-ganga ; (2) beginni7ig (fostu
-gangr) ; -gjald, n. payi7ig in, opp.
to ' utgjald ', outlay ; -groptr, m. en-
gravi7ig (on a seal).
inngongu-leyii, n. leave to e7iter.
inn-hallt, adv. in towards land;
sigla -hallara, to stand fiearer the
shore \ -hlutr, m. i7i7ier part\ -hysa
(-ta, -tr), V. to house, ha7'bour ; -hys-
ingr, (-S, -ar), m. lodger', -hysis,
adv. = innanhuss.
inni, adv. in-doors ; uti ok i., out-
doors a7td i7i-doors ; brenna e-n i., to
burn 07ie to death i7i his house ; hafa
bo9 !., to hold a {wedding-^ feast at
one's ho7ne.
inni, n. abode^ house, ho77ie ; nd sinu
i., to get home.
inni-hu3, n. dwelling-house ; -hofn,
f. ha7-bouring, housi7i^', -liga, adv.
exactly, 77iinutely (segja -liga fra e-u) ;
-vist, f. dweHi7ig i7i a house.
inn-koma, -kvdma, f. co77iing in,
arrival', -kvasmt, a. n., er engum
manni -kvasmt, 710 07ie is allowed to
e7tter; -land, n. inland', -leiS, f. (l)
coasting along, course nhmg the shore ;
(2) entrails (innleitJ dyraj ; -leizla, f.
introduction', -lendr, a. (i) ?iative,
opp. to ' ut-lendr ' ; (2) residing in
07ies coimtry ; -lenzkr, a. indigenous',
-raptr, m. i7i7ier rafter', -rei$, f.
ridi7tg i7i ; -renta, f. inco7/ie.
innri, a. compar. i7i7ier, i7iniost, in^
terior, = iSri ; fara hit innra (iSra), to
go by the in/ier road.
inn-sigla (a(5), v. to seal.
inn-sigli, n. seal, seal-ri7tg.
innst, adv. superl. from ' inn '.
inn-stolpi, m. = -stopull.
innstr, a. superl. i7i7ier77iost.
inn-strond, f. the inner strand;
-stoetSa, f. invest7ne7it ; -sl opull, m.
in7ter pillar ; -tak, n. co7ttents (of a
book) ; -viSir, m. pi. ribs (of a ship).
inn-virSiliga, -vir^uliga, adv.
closely, J7ii7ttttely,-= einvirduliga.
inn-yfli n. pi. e7it rails, bowels.
Inn-j3rasndir, m. pi. the i7ihabitants
of the inner part of TJirandhei77i.
i, prep.— I. with dat., (l) in, within ;
fela fe sitt i jor6u, to hide one's 77ioney
i7i the earth ; fastir i vellinum,/^:^/ z«
the ground ; vera i sveit, to live in a
district ; i oSrum londum, i7i other
la7ids ; (2) with local names (1 Orkney-
jum, i Laxardal, i Borgarfir6i, &c.) ;
{Z)in a certain spot; i einum sta3, i
peim (hverjum) stad, i?i one, that
{every) place ; standa i hoggfceri,
with'' 71 sword's reach ; (4) i7i, a77tong\
i vain urn, a77iong the slain', (5) of
clothes ; vera 1, to have 07t, wear (hann
var i blam slakki, i litklasSum) ; (6)
duri7ig, i7i ; {)enna vetr 1 jolum, during
Yule', i sumri (hausti), this su77i7ner
{autu77in) ; i J)vi bili, in that 77i077ient ;
i t)vi er Gunnar stendr upp, at the
very 7no77ie7it when G. rises ; (7) de-
noting action, state, condition ; vera
[230]
IS-HOQG
i for me6 e-m, fo travel in one's com-
pany, vera i vikingu, to be engaged
in freebooting ; i trausti e-s, in his
trust, tinder his protection', vera i g66u
yfirlasti, /^ <^/? zVz good quarters, live
well', liggja 1 uviti, /^ /z> /« a swoon ;
vera i goQu (illu) skapi, /^ <5^ in good
{ill) hujnotir', (8) ifi respect o}\ in
regard to', roskinn i orSum, mature
in words ; lettr i mali, cheerful in
speech ; i ollum mannraimum, 2>? tz//
trials ; (9) denoting form or content,
in ; at eigi hafi komit til Noregs meiri
gersemi i skikkju, such a jewel of a
cloak ; fe er i t)vi, there is value in it ;
Hallr kva6 godan kost i henni, H.
said she was a good inatcJi ; hvat er 1
J)vi ? how is that? what is the matt erf
(10) by fueans of, through (opt kaupir
ser i litlu lof ) ; (11) equivalent to a
gen. or possess, pron. ; hann braut
hrygg 1 henni, he broke her back ; hann
knytir saman alia halana i nautunum,
all the cows' tails; II. with ace, (i)
i7t, into (spjotit flo niSr i vollinn) ;
leggja e-t i kistu, to put into a chest
{coffin) ; steinninn kom i h6fu6 honum,
the stone hit him in the head; sigla
(Idta) i haf, to sta?td out to sea ; var
t)at sagt Gunnari inn i bu6ina, word
was carried into the booth to Gicnfiar;
giptast 1 onnur lond, to mar?y into
other countries, 7?iarry a7t alien ; deyja
1 Mcelifell, to pass into M. after death ;
t>6r5r svaf ok horfSi i lopt upp, with
his face ttirtied upway'ds ; (2) of time ;
in, during ; 1 J)at mund, at that hour;
i nott, this night ; i vetr, this winter ;
f (=um) fjortdn vtXx, for fourteen
winters ; (3) denoting entrance into
a state, condition, in, i7ito ; ganga i
bond ok eiSa, to e7iter into bonds and
oaths ; falla 1 livit, to fall i7ito a swoo7i ;
taka e-n i friS, to pardon one ; bjoQa
buum i setu, to call on the neighbours
totake their seats; (4) denoting change
into ; skjoldrinn klofnaSi i tva hluti,
split in two ; brotna i spdn, to be
shivered to pieces ; verja f6 sinu i lausa-
eyri, to convert one s property into
tnovables ; (5) denoting the object,
purpose, &c.; gjalda i sonarbcetr, to
pay as the son^s weregild ; l)iggja e-t
i vingjafir, to accept as a friend' s gift ;
kaupa e-t 1 skuld, to buy on credit',
gjra e-t i hag (vil) e-m, to do so77ie-
thing i7i one's favour.
£-blar, a. bluish ; i-bldstr, m. in-
spiration ; i-bua, f. fe77iale i7i77iate ;
i-bu^, f. in-dwelli7ig; i-byggjari, m.
inmate, inhabitant.
its (pi. -ir), f. doi7tg, deed (poet.).
i-endr, a. still breathi7ig, alive, opp.
to *0r-endr'; i-fang, n. grappling
with ; i-fellt, a. n., of the wind, filli7ig
the sails ; i-fra, prep., see ' fr^ ' ; i-
ganga, f . tmdertaking, entering upon ;
i-gangr, m. (i) begi7ining; (2) wear-
ing of clothes.
igangs-klsB^i, n. pi. wearing ap-
parel (hof6u menn -klseSi sin).
i-gildi, n. equivalent, equal (t)eir
pykkja vera lendra manna igildi) ;
i-gjarn, a. eager for (e-s) ; i-grotSra,
a. indecl. i7i full growth.
igull, m. sea-urchin.
ihlutanar-mikill, -samr, a. 7neddle-
S077ie, inte7fering.
i-hraBddr, a. a little ti7nid', i-huga
(atS), V. to C07iside7', 77iuse over ;
i-hugan, f. 7/ii7iding, co7isideration ;
i-hugi, m. 77ii7iding, sy7npathy.
i-hogg, n. striki7ig i7i.
ikorni, m. squirrel.
i-kynda (-da, -dr), v. to kindle ; refl.,
ikyndast, to be ki7idled, take fi7e'y
1-lat, n. vessel i7ito which a thing is
put ; i-lendast (d), v. refl. to settle in
a country ; i-lendr, a. settled in a
place, naturalized.
im, n. dtist, ashes.
ima, f. poet, strife, fight, battle.
Irar, m. pi. I7ish77ien, the Irish.
irast, V. refl. to be ru77ioured abroad.
iri, m. ru77wur, gossip (rare).
Irland, n. Ireland.
irska, f. the Irish t07igue.
irskr, a. Irish.
isa (at5), V. to cover with ice (iss).
iBdi-gdcngv^m. drifti7tg of ice ; -lauss,
a. ice-f}-ee ; -log, n. pi. for7nation or
layer of ice.
isarn,n. iron,—]ixn ; -'kol,n. bellows;
-leikr, m. battle (poet.).
is-brot, n. broken ice; -hrun, f. edge
of an ice-field; -hogg, n. ice-breaking.
i-sjl
[231]
JAPNAN
1-BJd, f. attention.
is-jaki, m. ice-floe.
isja-vertSr, a. worth looking into.
i-sj6n, f. aspect, appearance (J)ann
veg er himininn isjonar).
is-kaldr, a. ice-cold.
Is-land, n. Iceland.
ia-lendingr (-s, -ar), m. Icelander.
is-lenzka, f. the Icelandic tongue.
is-lenzkr, a. Icelandic.
is-16g, n. pi. = isalog ; -mol, f.
ground {broken) ice ; -rek, n., -reki,
m. ice-drift.
iss (gen. iss, pi. isar), m. ice ; isa
(ace.) leggr i. votn, the lakes {rivers)
freeze over ; isa leysir, tekr af votnum,
the ice thaws, breaks up.
i-stac5 (pi. i-sto5), n. stirrup ; i-
stangan, f. instigation, prickings i-
stig, n. = istaS.
istr, n., istra, f. paunch-fat.
istd^u-lauss, a. weak, faint-hearted.
itala, f. proportionate share in coin-
mon pasture.
itar-ligr, ?i. fine, glorious, lordly.
itr (ace. itran), 2l. glorious, excellent.
itr-borinn, pp. high-born; -hugatSr,
a. high-minded ; -laukr, m. beautiful
leek or plant', -mannligr, a. of stout,
noble bearing; -skapacSr, pp. beauti-
fully shaped; -vaxinn, pp. of beautiful
staticre ; -{)veginn, pp. clean-washed,
bright (itrj)vegnir armar).
ivicS-gjarn, a. wicked, evil (rare).
iviSi, n. (Volusp^ 2)?
ivicSja, {.giantess, ogress (rare).
ijjrott, f. accomplishvient, feat, arty
skill (vel buinn at ij)r6ttum).
iprotta-lauss, a. unskilled; -matSr,
m. one skilled in bodily exercises.
iprott-ligr, a. skilful ; -ligr fimleikr,
dexterity in feats.
ja^arr (gen. -s, dat. jatSri, pi. ja?5-
rar), m. (i) edge, border, selvage (of
cloth, of a sail, tent, &c.) ; (2) poet.
prince, lord (dsa j., folks j.).
ja^ra-skegg, n. whiskers.
jafn, a. (i) even; jofn tala, even
nu7nber; (2) equal, the same; Jjinar
(viz. ferSir) ver6a flestar jafnastar, thy
doings are mostly the same, all equally
bad; hann var ellefu vetra ok sterkr
at jofnum aldri, and strong for his
age; jafn e-m, equal to one; jafnt er
sem J)er synist, af er fotrinn, it is just
as it appears to thee, the leg is off;
komast til jafns vi6 e-n, hafa e-t til
jafns vi6 e-n, to equal one, be one's
match in a thing; at jofnu, equally,
in equal shares.
jafn-, in compds., such a, so ... a,
equally, as ; er t)at skomm j.-morgum
monnum, it is a shame for so many
men ; j.-fraegr drengr, so fine a fellow ;
j.-auSveldr, as easy.
jafna (a(5), \.{\)to ctit even, to trim
(morum sinum mon jafna6i); (2) to
make equal; (3) to divide in equal
shares (j. riki meS ser) ; (4) j. e-u til
e-s, vid e-t, to compare (liken) one
thing with {to) another ; j. e-u saman,
to cojnpare, set off one thing against
another (var J)d jafnat saman vigum) ;
(5) refl., jafnast vi6 e-n, jafnast e-m,
to ez>e?i ojteself with, call oneself a
match for, aftother; j. orSum vi3 e-n,
to bandy words with one.
jafna, f. lez'el ground, plain (hann
flySi af halsinum ofan d jofnu).
jafnat5ar-boS, n.fair offer; -domr,
m. fair judgement; leggjamdltil-doms,
to put a case before an umpire ; -fundr,
m. a meeting on equal terms ; -geS,
n. even temper ; -kaup, n. equal bar-
gai7i; -ma^r, m. (i) equcil match \
(2) fair {impartial) man ; -samr, a.
fair; -oki-ptUn. fair dealiftg ; -I)okki,
m. mutual affection.
jafnacSr (gen.-ar),m.(i) comparisoti ;
(2) equal share (en paSan af hofum vit
jafnad badir) ; at jafnaSi, in equal
proportions (skipta e-u at jafnaSi) ;
usually, as a rule (= me6 jafnaSi) ;
( 3 ) equity , fairness.
jafn-aldra, a. indeel. of the sa?ne
age ; -aldri, m. one of the same age
(jDeir varu mjok jafnaldrar).
I jafnan, adv. constantly ^ always.
jafn-bj6ba
[232]
JARB-KOSTR
jafn-bj6(5a (see bjoSa), v. to be equal
tOy be a match for one(e-m) ; -borinn,
pp. of equal birth ; -borinn til e-s,
having equal birthright to (-borinn
til rfkis sem ek) ; -breiSr, a. equally
broad \ -dodgvitn. equal length of day
and night, equinox; -doemi, n. equit-
able {fair)jtidgement, justice ; -doemr,
2i.fair, iiiipartial.
jafnendr, m. pi. daysmen, umpires.
jafn-fram, adv. (l ) equally forward,
side by side, with (leggr fram skeiSina
-fram skipi Hruts) ; evenly, in a
straight line (standa allir -fram fyrir
konungsborSinu) ; {2) at the same
time (t^eir riSutil things -fram Skeggja);
-fram.t, adv. equally, in the same
degree, = -fram ; -foetis, adv. on eqtial
footing (standa -foetis e-m, vid e-n) ;
-gegnt, prep, with dat. just opposite
to ; -girnd, f. equity, fairness ; -gjarn,
a. as eager ; just, equitable ; -hart5r,
a. as hard', -hugatSr, a. (i) of even
temper ; (2) of one mind.
jafni, m. (i) equalness; maela til
jafna ( = til jafns) vi6 e-n, to speak
just as well as another', (2) even
number (= jofn tala).
jafningi (pi. -jar), m. equals match,
jafn-keypi, n. equal bargain,= ]2S.n-
aSarkaup ; -kominn, pp. on even
terms ; with equal title (-komnir til
erfSar) ; neut., -komit er i. me6 ykkr,
you are well snatched ; -krappr, a. as
strait, as narrow, i -krappan sta6,
in such a strait', -leikit, pp. n. an
equal game ; -lendi, n. a level piece
of ground ; -lengd, f . the same time
of the following day (til -lengdar
annars dags) ; the same day in the
next year, anniversary (eigi siQarr en
fyrir -lengd) ; -16ttvigr, a. as active
in wieldi7tg arms ; -lic5a, a. indecl,
with an equal mwiber of men ; -liga,
adv. (l) equally, fairly (skipta -liga) ;
(2) usually, ahvays; -ligr, a. equal,
fair ; -lyndi, n. evenness of te?iiper ;
-lyndr, a. eve?-: -tempered', -maki, m.
= jafningi ; -iienni, n. equal, match ;
-menntr, a. of equal rank ', -maBli, n.
fair play, equality ; -oki, m. equal,
match (for one) ; -rffitSi, n. equcil
match '^ -saman, adv. together (fyrir
l)essa hugsan alia -saman); -skipti-
liga, adv. equally ; -skjott, adv. im-
mediately, at once ; -skjott sem, as
soon as ; -snenima, adv. at the very
same monent ; allir -snemma, all at
the same time ; -seetti, n. an agree-
ment on equal terms.
jafht, adv. (i) just, precisely (pat
var j. jolaaptan sjdlfan, er {jeir bor6-
List) ; (2) cilways, perpetually.
jafn-tefli, n. a?i eqiial, drawn game ;
-vegit, pp. n. with an equal number
slain on both sides', -vel, adv. {i) as
well, equally well ; (2) likewise, even
(-vel syniliga) ; -virtSi, n. equal worth ;
-vigi, n. drawn battle ; -vaBgi, n. equal
weight ; -vsBgja (-tSa, -t), v. to equal,
7natch, with dat. ; -vaBgr, a. of equal
weight', -vaBtta (-tta, -tt), v. to weigh
against, counterbalance ; -yrtSa (-Sa,
-tSr), V. to bandy words with one (e-n).
jaga (aS), v.{\)to harp on one string ;
j. ^vallt i. enni somu sok, to be always
harping on the same case ; {Q.)to htmt
(j. dyr), rare.
jaka-for, f. drifting of ice-floes.
jaki, m. broken ice^ ice-floe.
Jakobs-land, n. Compostella in
Spain; -messa, f. St. fatties' tnass.
jalda, f. mare (1 joldu liki).
jam-, jamn-, see 'jafn-.'
Jamtar, Jamtr, m. pi. men from
Jamtalatid in Sweden.
jartSa (a$), v. to earth, bury.
jarSar-, gen. from 'jord'; -avdxtr,
m. produce of the earth ; -blomi, m,
blootn of the earth ; -megin, n. stretigth
of the earth (sd var aukinn -megni or
-magni) ; -men, n. a long sod or ttitf;
ganga undir -men, to creep under a
sod partially detached from the earth.
jarc$-bann, n. want of grazing (from
snow or frost) ; -borg, f. stronghold
of earth ; -bui, m. zittderground-
dweller; -eldr, m. volcattic fire ; -fall,
n. earth-slip ; -fastr, a. fixed iti the
earth (-fastr steinn) ; -fe, n. treasure
hiddeti in the earth ; -:Quk, n. drifting
stiow ; -folginn, pp. hidden in the
earth ; -hit a, f., -hiti, m. subterranean
{volcanic) heat ; -hola, f. earth-hole ;
-bus, n. utiderground rcotn or paS'
sage ; -kostr, m. choice of lattd, land
JARB-KROSa
[233]
jAta
to be had\ -kroas, m. cross-shaped
mark in the ground ; -laug, f. a bath
in a ivarjn spring in the earth ; -ligr,
a. earthly ; -lua, f . * earth-loicse ' ;
-IfiBgr, a. lying on the ground ; -neskr,
a. earthly ; -riki, n. the earthy worlds
opp. to * himin-riki ' ; -skjalfti, m.
eaj'thquake ; -stofa, f. ufiderground
room ; -veggr, m. earthen wall.
jarki, m. the outside edge of the foot.
jarkna-steinn, m. glittering gem.
jarl (-S, -ar), m. (i) poet, a high-
born, noble man or warrior', (2) earl
(in dignity next to the king); -borinn,
pp. earl-born, an earl by birth ;
-domr, m., -doemi, n. earldom,
jarls-dottir, f. earPs daughter',
-ma^r, m. an earPs follower ; -nafn,
n. earl's title ; -riki, n. dojninion of
an earl, earldom ; -saeti, n. eaj-Ps seat.
jarma (ac5), v. to bleat, of sheep and
goats (aerin jarmaQi).
jarnar, m. bleating ( sauSa j.) ; scream-
ing of birds (fugls j.).
jarpr, a. chestmct, reddish-brown (j.
i. har) ; j. hestr, chest?iut-horse.
jarp-skjottr, a. bay-piebald.
jar-tegn (-tein, -teiiai),n. (i) token,
proof {oi a thing); hafa e-t til -tegna,
to use as a token or evidence ; vera til
jartegna, to serve as a token ; (2)
miracle ; -tegna, -teina (at5 or -di,
-dr), V. to betoken.
jata (gen. jotu), f. manger.
jaur, didv.yes indeed, yes certainly.
jaxl (-S, -ar), vi\. jaw-tooth, grinder,
molar (tennrnar ok jaxlarnir).
jaxla-verkr, m. tooth-ache.
ja, adv. yea, yes ; ja, ']i. \ yes, yes /
ja (jai, jdSa, jaSr), v. to say yes,
assent to, with dat. (hann jaQi J)vi) ;
ja e-m e-u, to confess a thing to one ;
j. e-u upp, undan ser, to yield up.
ja-kvaB^a (-dda, -ddr), v. to say yes
to, with dat. ; -kvsaSi, n. asse7it, con-
sent ; gjalda -kvasSi til e-s, to give
one's assent to ; -ortS, n. = -kvas6i.
jam, n. (i) iro?t (hagr i. j.); bera j.,
to carry hot iron (as an ordeal) ; (2 ) in
pi. irons, fetters (setja e-n i j., sitja i
jarnum) ; iron hinges (Idk par grind i.
jarnum) ; horse-shoes.
jdrna (at5j, v. (i) to mount with
iron (jdrnaSir vagnar); (2) to shoe a
horse (hestr jdrna6r olium fotum).
jdrna-far n. iron-plating, on a ship;
-gangr, m. chafing, gallifig from
irons (mdttiitill af -gangi) ; -sta6r,
m. mark or print of irons.
jarn-borg, f. ^iron-castle' (used of a
ring of iron-clad ships); -bundinn,
pp. iron-bound, of a shield ; -burSr,
m. the ordeal of carrying hot iron ;
-biitr, m. iron stump ; -dragi, m.
* iron-df'awer ', magnet ; -festr, f. iron
band; -fjotuvr, m. iron fetter; -fleinn,
m. iron rod; -gaddr, m. iron spike
{goad} ; -gjorS, f. iron girdle ; -glofi,
m. iron glove ; -gotSr, a. of good iron ;
-greipr, f. pi. iron gloves.
jdrng0rSar-ma§r, m. blacksmith.
jdrn-hanki, m. iron handle ; -holkr,
m. iro?i tube ; -hvalr, m. ha^fooned
whale ; -kambr, m. iron cojnb ; -ketill,
m. iron kettle ; -klo, f. iron claw or
fang; -klukka, f. iron bell; -klaaddr,
pp. iron-clad; -krokr, m. iron crook ;
-kylfa, f. iron club ; -ligr, a. of iron ;
-loka, f. iron bar; -lurkr, m. iron
cudgel; -lykkja, f. iron clasp ; -meiss,
m. iron basket ; -m^l, n. pi. iron
7nouth-piece (of a bridle) ; -mikill, a.
of solid iron ; -nokkvi, m. iron boat ;
-rekendr, f. pi. iroji chains; -rending,
f. iron brim (of a shield) ; -rendr, pp.
bordered with iron (targa -rend); -sia,
f. spark from red-hot iron ; -skor, m,
iron shoe ; -sla, f. iron bar ; -sleggja,
f. iron sledge-haifimer ; -smiSr, m.
blacksmith ; -srolcSi, n. S7mth's work ;
-spjot, n. iron spear ; -spong, f. iron
plate ; -stafr, m. iron staff; -stong,
f. iron bar ; -sula, f . iron column ;
-teinn, m. iron prong; -vafitSr, pp.
wound round with iron; -varitSr, pp.
mounted with iron (=jarni varSr) ;
-vapn, n. pi. iron weapons '^ -vitJjar,
f. pi. iron withes, iron wire.
jata, or jatta (at5, or -tta, -ttr). v.
{\) to say yes to, with dat. (passu j tar
or jatir hann) ; (2) to aikjiowledge,
admit (erkibiskup hafSi ]Dvi jatat, at);
(3) to consent; mun ek pessu j. fyrir
mik ok mina heimamenn, I will agree
to this for myself and my household;
j. e-u undan ser, j. e-u upp, to yield
JATAW
[234]
JdTUNN
up\ (4) to promise (konungr jdtaSi
Jjeim griSum ok sasttum); (5) with
ace. of the thing, to acknowledge (j.
syndir) ; to grants give ( jdttuSu allir
J)^r konungdom); with ace. of the
person ; fyr engan mun jdtum ver
hann gu6, by no means do we acknow-
ledge him to be God] j. sik, to confess
oneself] j. sik undir e-t, to engage one-
self] (6) refl., jdtast undir e-t, jdtast
til e-s, = jita sik undir e-t.
jdtan, jdttan, f. (i) affir7nation ; (2)
confession (j. synda).
j atari, m. one who confesses.
jatning, f. confession (j. heilagrar
truar, j. synda).
jat-orcS, n. consent (seinn i -orSum).
jdtsi, a. indecl. saying yes ; verSa
e-m e-s j., to promise one a thing.
jdtta (a§, or -tta, -ttr), v. = j^ta.
jd-yrtSi, n. conse?it ; leggja sitt -yr6i
til, to give consent.
joS, n. baby (j. 61 Edda).
jotS-ligr, a. thriving (of a baby) ;
•sott, f. pains of childbirth ; -ungr,
a. very young.
j61, n. pi. Yule^ 3. great midwinter
feast in the heathen time, afterwards
applied to Christmas.
jola-aptann, m. Yule-eve^ Christ-
mas-eve ] -boS, n. Yule banquet ;
-dagr, m. Yule-day, Christmas-day ;
-drykkja, f. Yule- drinking] -fasta,
f. Advent ; -friSr, m. Yule-peace,
Christmas-peace ; -gjof, f. Yule- gift,
Christmas box] -hald, n. keeping of
Yule ] -kveld, n. Yule-eve ; -morg-
inn, m. Yule 7norning ; -nott, f. Ytcle
night] -tiSir, f. pi. Christmas service]
-veizla, f. Yule banquet or entertaiti-
7nent ; -vist, f. staying over Yule ;
-61, n. Yule ale.
Joms-vikingar, m. pi. the Vikings
of Jom (Wollin in Pomerania).
Jon, m., a proper mraG., John.
Jons-messa, f. St. John Baptist's
day, the 24th of June ; -stiika, f.
chapel of St. John ; -vaka, f. =
-messa.
jor (gen. j6s ; pi. joar, ace. j6a and
j6i, dat. jom), m. poet, stallion, steed.
j6-reitS, f. riding on horseback ;
-reykr, m. cloud of dust (seen afar off
above a body of horsemen).
Jorsala-, gen. pi. from 'Jorsalir';
-borg, f. Jerusalem ; -fari, m . Jeru-
salem trai'eller] -fertS, -for, f. journey
to J. ] -lytSr, m. the people of J.
Jorsalir, m. pi. Jerusalem.
Jotar, m. pi. the Jutes.
Jot-land, n. Jutland.
jung-fru, f. princess, lady ; -herra,
m. '' young lord', prince.
jurt (pi. -ir), f. aromatic herb.
justa, f. bowl, cup.
jotSurr, m. = jadarr.
jofurr (-S, pi. jofrar), m. poet, king,
prince, chief {a-i Svia jofri).
joklatSr, a. covered with icicles (yfir
joklufiu skeggi).
jokla-gangr, m. ice-drift (in a
river) ; -vatn, icy water.
jokul-barinn, pp. storm-beaten, stif-
fened with ice ; -kaldr, a. ice-cold.
j6kull(gen.-s, dat.jokli; pi. joklar),
m. (i) icicle (hann gekk inn i sal,
glumdu joklar) ; (2) ice (vatnit snyst
i jokul) ; (3) glacier.
jokul-vatn, n. ice -water from a
glacier] -vetr, m. severe winter.
joU, n. poet, disturbance, strife {f).
jor^ (gen. jarSar, dat. j6r§u ; pi.
jart5ir), f. (l) earth, opp. to * himinn '
(hvdrt byr gu6 a himni eda jordu ?) ;
(2) the su7face of the earth, ground
(fell hann J)^ dau6r til jardar) ; (3)
mould] (4) la7id, estate.
jorfi, m. gravel, gravel bank.
jormun-, a prefix, denoting some-
thing////^^, vast, superhuma7i ; -gandr,
m. the great monster, the Midgard
Serpent ; -grund, f. the earth.
jostr (gen. jastar), x\-\. yeast.
jotun-heimar, m. pi. the Giants
la7id] -moSr, xn.gianfs wrath, fury.
jotunn (gen. -s, dat. jotni ; pi. jot-
nar), m. gia7tt ; jotna synir, sons of
giants.
KADALIi
[235]
KALLSA
kac^all (gen. -s, dat. kaSli ; pi. kac5-
larj, m. cable, rope.
kaf, n. a plunge into water, dive,
diving ; fasr hann annat k. at o6ru, he
gets one plunge after another ; taka k.,
to dive under water ; a k., i k., into
water ^ under water \ hlaiipa a k., to
plunge into water ; fara i k., to go
under watery a kafi, i kafi, under
water, diving-^ of snow, lagu hestarnir
a kafi 1 sr\]6nnm, the horses stuck deep
in the snow ; standa a kafi, to sink
deep (oxin stod a kafi).
kaf a (at5), v. to dive, swim, imder
water ; of a ship, to be swamped in a
heavy sea (siSan kafa6i skipit).
kafa-fjuk, n. thick fall of snow ;
-liri$, f. thick snow-storm.
kaf-foera (-Sa, -tSr), v. to thrtist
under water, to duck ( = fcera e-n i
kaf); -for, f. goi?2g under water,
ducking ; -hla^inn, pp. deep-ladefi ;
-hlaup, n. deep snow, -hleypr, a.
sinking deep i?i the snow (var sv^
mikill snjor, at allt var -hleypt).
kafli, m. a piece cut off\ tok at leysa
isinn i koflum, the ice began to break
up into floes.
kafna (a5), v. to be suffocated, choked,
in water, smoke, etc. (k. i sandfoki,
i stofureyk).
kaf nan, f. suffocation.
kaf-3und, f. swim7fting under water ',
-syndr, a. good at swimming render
water ; -{)ykkr, a. very thick (of fog,
snow-storm, etc.).
kaga (aS). v. to bend forward and
peep, p?y (hon kagar h]i. gattinni).
kaggi, m. keg, cask, a nickname.
kala (kell, kol, kalinn), v. impers.,
mik kell, I freeze, become f'ost-bitt en
(kalinn a fotum); e-n kell i hel, ^«^
freezes to death.
'kBX6.ai{ai6),y. to become cold ', impers.
to blow cold; kaldar af boSafallinu,
a gust of cold wifid came from the
breakers.
kalda-hldtr, m. sardonic laughter.
kald-liga, adv. coldly ; -ligr, a. cold.
kaldr, a. (i) cold] kalt vedr, cold
weather-, brenna (e-t) at koldum
kolum, to burn to cold ashes ; konungi
g0r3i kalt, the king began to get cold;
(2) baneful, hostile, cruel (kold eru
kvenna rad).
kald-raSr, a. evil-minded, ill-
affected; -rifja^r, a. ^ cold-ribbed \
cold-hearted, cufining\ -yrSi, n. pi.
* cold words ', sarcas?n.
kalekr (-s, -ar), m. cup, chalice.
kalkr (-s, -ar), m. drinking-ctip,
goblet (k. er I)u skalt drekka af j.
kail, n. (i) call, cry, shouting (heyra
k. mikit); (2) appellation, na?ne (J)eir
nefna hann jarl enn ilia, var J)etta k.
haft lengi si6an).
kalla (at$), v. (i) to call, shout, cry
(kallaQi konungr ok ba6 letta af); (2)
to call, simimon by a call, send for
(um kveldit kallaSi konungr Asldk) ;
(3) to say (sumir menn kalla, at eigi
se sakleysi i) ; at kalla, so to say,
nomiftally ; s^ttir at k., no7ninally
reconciled; (4) k. ser e-t, to claim for
oneself {konun^Y kallaSi ser allar Ork-
neyjar) ; (5) to call, name (Mor6r het
madr, er kallaSr var gigja) ; (6) refl.,
kallast, to say of oneself; konungr
kallaSist hann reynt hafa at goSum
dreng, the king said that he hadfou?id
him a good and brave fellow ; (7) with
preps., k. at e-m, to call to one ; k. d
e-n, to call to one (Flosi gekk t)a at
durum ok kalladi a Njal) ; to call on,
im/oke ^{ksMcidi hann d gu3 ok hinn
helga Olaf ) ; k. d e-t, to lay claim to
(SniEkollr kallaSi a bu nokkur J)ar i
eyjunum) ; k. eptir, to protest ; k. e-n
eptir e-m, to call or ?iame after; k.
til e-s, to call to, t?tvoke (k. til gu3s) ;
to lay claim to, to claim, demand
(Snorri kallaSi J)a til brynju sinnar) ;
k. til e-s vi3 e-n, i hendr e-m, to claim
a thing from one.
kallari, m. crier, herald.
kails, n. (i) taunting, raillery ; g0ra
e-m k., hafa i kallsi vi3 e-n, to taunt
one ; (2) importunate claim.
kallsa (ac5), v. (i) to taunt, mock\
(2) to molest, annoy, importune.
KALLS-LAUSS
[236]
KARL-HOFDI
kalls-lauBS, a. unmolested \ -yrSi,
n. pi. gibes, taunts.
kamarr (-s, pi. kamrar), m. privy.
kambari, m. comb-maker.
kambr (-s, -ar), m. (i) comb\ (2)
carding-co7nb ; (3) crest ^ comb \ (4)
ridge (of hills).
kampr (-s, -ar), m. (i) beard on the
lips, moustache ; (2) the whiskers (of
a seal) ; {2>)f^ont wall. Also * kanpr '.
kangin-yrSi, n. pi. jeering words.
kanna (gen. konnu), f. can, tankard.
kanna (aS), v. (i) /^ search, explore
(J)eirkonnu6u landitfyriraustan ana);
k. lid, to review, muster troops ; k.
val, to search the field for slain ; k. e-t
af, to find out, make out (ferr Brandr
biskup nordrd VoUu ok kannar {)at af,
at) ; k. til = k. af (kannaSist svd, til,
at) ; (2) refl., kannast vid e-t, to re-
cognize, know again (kannaSist hon
vio hann ok kynferSi bans) ; to make
one's acquaintance (f'orolfr hitti t>ar
marga frsendr sina ^a, er hann hafdi
eigi d3r vi6 kannazt); to acknowledge
(konnuSust J)eir vi6, at J)at var sann-
rnaeli) ; to recognize as one's own (me6
\>\\ at engi kannast vi6 svein penna) ;
recipr., to recognize one another (si3an
konnuSust t)au vi6).
kanoki, m. canon (of a church).
kantara-kd,pa, f., -sloppr, m. a
priest'' s or bishop'' s gown.
kapal-hestr, m., -hross, n.=kapall.
kapall (-S, pi. kaplar), m. pack-
horse, hack (naut ok kaplar).
kapella, f. chapel (k. konungs).
kapellu-prestr, m. priest of a chapel.
kapituli, m. ( I ) chapter ; (2) meeting-
room in a cloister or convent.
kapp, n. contest, zeal, eagerness,
ardour', deila kappi vici e-n, brjota
kapp (halda til kapps) vi3 e-n, to con-
tend, contest, with one ; me 6 kappi,
with ardour ; meirr af kappi en forsja,
with more obstinay than prudence ;
berjast af miklu kappi, with great
ardour; renna i kopp vi(3 e-n, to run
a race with.
kappa-, gen. pi. from * kappi ' ; -li(5,
n. troop of chatnpions ; -tala, f. roll
of champions (taka e-n i kappatolu) ;
-val, n. choice of chatnpions.
kapp-drykkja, f. drinking-match ;
-droegt, a. n. strongly contested',
var3 t)eim -droegt i leiknum, // was a
hard contest ; kva6 {)eim J)etta mundu
-droegt, it would be a hard task ;
-fuss, a. = -gjarn ; -girni, f. eager-
ness, energy ; -gjarn, 2.. full of energy
and desire to excel.
kappi, m. hero, champion, man of
valoicr (k. mikill, kappar konungs).
kapp-kosta (aS), v. to strive, efi-
deavour-, -leikr, va, fighting-match ',
-maali, n. pi. dispute ; -nogr, ?^.plenti-
ftcl ; -orSr, a. contentious, wrangling ;
-roSr, m. rowing-match ; -samliga,
adv. (i) impetuously, with energy,
(2) abundantly, plentifully ; -samliga
alinn, very well fed; -samligr, a. (i)
vehefnent ; (2) rich, liberal (-samlig
veizla) ; -samr, a. vehement, im-
petuous ; -semd, -semi, f. energy,
headstrong character.
kapps-fullr, a. contentious, eager to
excel, vehement (hardr ok k.).
kapp-sigling, f. sailing-ntatch.
kapps-niac5r, m. man of energy.
kapp-sund, n. S7uimming-match ;
-svinnr, a. vehemeiit, passionate ;
-yr5i, n. pi. overbearing language',
-oerinn, 2l. fully sufficient, abundant.
karar-, gen. from ' kor ' ; -kerling,
-kona, f., -ma^r, m. bedridden old
woman, man.
karbunkuli-steinn, m. carbuncle.
kardindli, m. cardinal.
karfa-fotr, m. an unsteady leg.
karfi, m. swift-goifig ship, galley,
karfi, m. red-fish, red sea-perch.
karina, f. a fast of forty days (im-
posed as a penance).
karl (-S. -ar), m. (i) man, opp. to
woman (brigfir er karla hugrkonum);
(2) a man of the common people, a
carle', (3) old man.
karla-folk, n. male folk', -fot, n. pi.
mefi^s attire ; -ssBti, n. seat for men.
karl-dyrr, f. pi. the men's door',
-fatt, a. n. wanting in men-folk (J)ar
var -fatt heima) ; -fjdldi, m. multitude
of male persons ; -lot, n. pi. men's
attire ; -gildr, a. as good as a man
(var hon ok -gild at afli) ; -hof t$i, m.
a carved man's head, figure-head \
KARL-KENWDR
[237]
KAUP-FERD
-kenndr, ^^. masculine; -klsB^i, n. pi.
men's clothes ] -kostr, m. a {good)
match^ of a man ; -kyn, n. the male
sex ; -leggr, m. male lineage^ agnates ;
-matSr, m, (i) wa;/, male, opp. to
^kvennmadr' w<?;;/a//(-ma6r okkona) ;
(2) mart of valotir (styrkr ok falatr
ok inn hraustasti -madrj.
karlmann-liga, adv. in a manly
way ; -ligr, a. ( i ) manly ^ bold ; (2)
masculine (-ligt kyn).
karlmanns-bunaSr, m., -klaBtSi,
n. pi., man's attire.
karl-mennska, f. manhood, valour.
karls-efni, n. * the 7nakings of a
man\ a promising lad (as a nick-
name) ; -h6fut5, n. a man's head
{carved on a pillar).
karl-sift, adv. on the male side ;
-svipt, f. relationship by descent on
the male side ; -svip r, a. male.
karrmr (-3, -ar), m. breast-work,
parapet (kastalar ok karmar).
karnaSr (gen. -ar), m. cotictibinage.
karp, n. bragging, boasting \ -mal-
ugr, a. bragging, boastful; -yr6i,
n. pi. overbearing words.
karsk-liga, adv. briskly, boldly.
karskr, a. brisk, bold; hale, hearty.
kart-nagl, m. diseased nail,
kartr (-s, -ar), m. cart.
kasa (aS), v. to heap earth upon, to
bury (hann var kasadr i urQ).
kass, m. large box, case, creel.
kast, n. (1) cast, throw of a net; (2)
throw of dice ; koma 1 k. vi3 e-n, to
cofne in collision with one ; kemr til
varra kasta at, it is our turn to ; (3)
a kind of cloak.
kasta (ac5), v. (i) to cast, throw,
with dat. (Egill kastaSi J)egar nidr
horninu) ; k. akkerum, to cast anchor;
k. verplum. teningum, to throw with
dice ; k. orSum a e-n, to address one ;
refl., kastast orSum i., to exchange
words ; k. kalls-yrSum at e-m, to throw
taunts at one ; k. eign sinni a e-t, to
seize upon, take possession of; k. a
sik sott, to feign illness ; {2) to cast oj^
(erH. heyrc5if)etta,kasta5i hannskikk-
junni) ; k. tra, to cast off one's faith;
(3) impers., e-u kastar, is thrown,
flung ; toku Jjeir gneista J)a, er kastat
hafSi or Muspellsheimi, they took the
sparks that had been cast out from M. ;
skipinu hafQi kastat, had capsized;
henni var kastat skinni at beini, the
skin was, as it tvere, thrown over her
bones (from leanness) ; (4) with 'um' ;
k. um hesti, to turn, wheel, a horse
right round; k. um sinum hug, to
alter one's (own) disposition ; absol.
to turn round, wheel about.
kaatala-menn, m. pi. defoiders of
a castle ; -stafr, m. castle pillar ;
-veggr, m. castle wall.
kastali, m. castle, stronghold.
katlari, katla-smitJr, m. kettle-
maker.
katt-skinn, n. cafs skin.
kaup, n. (i) bargain; illt fgott) k.,
bad [good] bargain ; sl^ kaupi \\6
e-n, to strike a bargain with one ;
eiga k. vi3 e-n, to bargain, trade with
one; ver6a at kaupi, to come to a
bargain ; (2) stipulation, agreement
({)i tala J)eir um k., ok veroa i. allt
sattir) ; (3) wages, pay (konungr gaf
honum mikit k.) ; vera af kaupi, to be
off one's bargain, to have forfeited it.
kaupa (kaupi, keypta, keyptr), v.
{\) to buy (keypti Njall land i Ossa-
boe) ; absol. to make a bajgain ; k.
kaupi, to bargain ; {2) to make an
agreement abo2it (J)eir keyptu J)essu) ;
(3) with preps., k. e-n a braut, to buy
one off; k. e-t at e-m, to buy a thing
of one ; k. saman, to bargain ; k. um
e-t, to barter, exchange (keypti hann
um lond vi3 GuQrunu) ; k. vid e-n, to
make a bargain, come to terms with
one ; recipr., kaupast vid, to bargain
with one another.
kaupa-koitJr, m. pi. terms of a
bargain ; -land, n. purchased land ;
-mang, n. barter, bartering; -mark,
n. purchased [cattle) mark, opp. to
one inherited.
kaupangr (-rs and -s), m. market-
place (i kaupangi sem i heraSi).
kaLipangrs-lytSr, m. towns-folk.
kaup-brigtSi, n. breach of contract ;
-beer, m. = kaupangr ; -drengr, m.
= -maSr ; -dyrr, a. demanding a high
price, expensive ; -eyrir, m. article of
trade, wares, cargo ; -ferS, f, tradiftg
KAUP-FOX
[238]
KEIsTK-A
journey or voyage \ -fox, n. cheating]
-fri^r, m. security for trade ; -for, f.
= -fer6, esp. in pi. (hafa skip 1 -forum,
fara -forum) ; -gegn, a. good at trad-
ing'i -gjald, n. wages, pay \ -bus, n.
shop ; -lag, n. tax, price', -laust, a. n.
(i) without charge, gratuitously ; (2)
without bargain or profit ; -ligr, a.
mercantile ; mer ver6r -ligt, I cofne to
a bargain ; -raatSr, m. trader, mer-
chant ; -manga (at5j, v. to bargain
(-manga vi5 e-n).
kaupmanna-g0rfi, n. merchant's
attire', -log, n. pi. league of merchants
(vera i -logum = vera kaupmaSr).
kaupniann-liga,adv. in a merchant-
like manner ; -ligr, a. merchant-like.
kaup-mali, m. bargain^ contract ;
-rof, n. breach of bargain ; -sattr, a.
agreed as to a bargain ; -skapr, m.
stores of merchandise, wares ; -skip,
n. 7nerchant ship-^ -slaga (at5), v. to
bargain ; -stat5r, m. inarket town ;
-stefna, {.fair, market ; -sveinn, m.
= -drengr ; -tun, n. market town.
kaupu-nautr, m. customer.
kaup-varningr, m. merchant wares ;
-vattr, m., -vitni, n. witness to a
bargain ; -l)orp, n. = -tun.
ka (kdi, kat5a, katSr), v. to ha7'ass ;
refl., kdst i e-u, to 7neddle in a thing.
kdklast (atS), v. refl. to receive a
bexting, meet with blows.
k^l, n. cabbage, kale.
kalfi, m. the calf of the leg.
kalfr (-S, -ar), m. calf; fig. small
island (beside a large one).
kdlfs-belgr, m. calf's skin.
kdlf-skinn, n, calf-skin.
kapa, f. cloak made with a cowl or
hood (hann var i blarri kapu).
kdpu-ermr, f. the sleeve of a kipa ;
-battr, -hottr, m. the hood of a kapa ;
-skaut, n. the lap of a kdpa.
kdr-hof (5a(5r, a. curled.
kdrina, f , see * karina '.
karr, m. ciirl ift the hair.
kdt-liga, adv. in a inerry manner;
-ligr, a. fnerry, cheerful (-lig or6).
katr, a. tnerty, cheerful.
ka-vi8i, f. meddlesomeness ; -visligr,
a., -viss, a. quarrelsojue, meddlesome.
kefja (kef, kafSa, kaftSr), v. to
dip, put under water', impers. to b£
swamped, sink, of a ship (skipit kafSi
undir ]>eim) ; refl., kefjast, to dip one-
self, duck, dive.
kefla (-da, -dr), v. to gag (a lamb).
kefli, n. cylinder (of wood), stick.
kefling, f. gagging (of lambs).
kefli-volr, m. cane, stick, = kefli.
keikja (-ta, -tr), v. to betid back-
wards (E, keikti hann aptr d bak).
keikr, a. bent backwards (bjugr i
lendum en keikr 1 halsi).
keila, f. a sea-fish allied to the cod',
torsk or tusk.
keipr (-s, -ar), m. rowlock,
keipull, m. a kind of boat, coble,
keisa (-ta, -tr), v. to beiid.
keisara-domr, m., -doemi, n. em"
pire ; -boll, f. i?nperial castle ; -ligr,
2L.imperial', -riki,n.= -doemi; -stoll,
m. imperial throne.
keisari, m. emperor,
kektunar-maSr, = klektunar-madr.
kelda, f. (i) well, spring; (2) bog^
quagmire (la hestr hans i keldu).
keif a (-di, -t), v. to calve.
kelpa, f. trap (for otters).
kelta, f. = kjalta.
kemba (-da, -dr), v. (i) to comb (k.
hdr sitt) ; (2) to card (k. uU).
kempa, f. champioti, bold warrior
(bardagamaSr mikill ok kempa).
kengr, m. (i) a horseshoe-formed
crook; {2) bend, bight; kottrinn beygdi
kenginn, arched its back.
kenna (-da, -dr), v. (i) to know,
recognize (Flosi kenndi Kara, er hann
kom 1 stofuna) ; (2) to know as one's
own, claijn (k. ser land) ; (3) to assign
or attribute to one {'^i. var ok dr um
oil lond, kenndu Sviar ftat Frey) ; k.
e-m barn, to father a child upoft one ;
(4) k. e-m e-t, to lay to otie's charge,
impute {e{ hann vser'i sannrverks Jiessa,
er honum var kennt) ; k. e-m um e-t,
to charge one with a thing (porge'iri
vildi ekki, at broeSrum hans mastti um
k.) ; (5 ) to taste tood or drink (k. e-t or
e-s) ; (6) to J eel, perceive, with ace.
and gen. (ek kennda pin eigi, er J)u
hvildirdbrjosti m^r) ; k. sastan Wm, to
perceive a sweet smell ; k. hita (kulda)
af e-u, to feel heat {cold) from ; k.
KENNANDI
[239]
KEYRA
aflsmunar, lidsmunar, to feel the odds ; I
hon kenndi i meira lagi, she felt con-
siderable pain ; absol., J)d er ]3eir
komu upp 1 heiSina, kenndi at bra lit,
the colour was felt to change, it bega7i
to darken ; mer kennir heiptarvid e-n,
I feel hatred against one\ k. ni3r, to
touch the bottom (en er skipin kenndu
ni6r, \>^ gekk jarl a land) ; (7) to show,
bear witness ^(virSist mer dkall J)etta
meirr kenna ranglaetis en rettvisi) ;
(8) to call, na7ne\ k. e-t vi6 e-n, to
call after one (Helgi truc3i d Krist, ok
kenndi Jdvi vid hann bustaS sinn); (9)
in poetry, to call by a periphrastic
name (hvernig skal k. sol, vind); (10)
k. e-m e-t, to teach one a thing (k. e-m
r^tta tru ok goda si6u) ; ek hefi kennt
J)er irsku at msela, / have taught thee
to speak Irish ; [\\) to make one do a
thing^y. e-m bita) ; (12) refl.,kennast,
to seem, appear (Ulfr kennist mer vitr
madr) ; recipr., sv^ var myrkt, at J)eir
kenndust eigi, that t-hey did not know
one another-, goldit var honum Jjetta
svd, at hann mun lengi kennast, he
was repaid for this in a way that he
will long re7nember; kennast vi3,
to recogfiize (kenndist hann af J)vi
I)egar vi6 mennina) ; to confess, ac-
knowledge (at J)eir mastti vici kennast
sinn litilleik).
kennandi (pi. -endr), m. (l) re-
cognizer; (2) teacher, preacher,
kennan-ligr, a. perceptible.
kennari, m. teacher, master.
kenni, n. 7?tark (cf. ^einkenni').
kenni-facSir, m. = l3srifa5ir ; -macSr,
m. teacher, cleric, priest.
kennimann-ligr, a. having the air
of a priest, clerical.
kennimanns-skapr, m. priesthood.
kenni-mark, n. 7nark (= kenni).
kenning (pi. -ar), f. (i) teaching,
doctri7ie, lessoti, esp. of preaching ;
kenna kenningar, to preach ; (2) mark
of recognition ; (3) ^t: poetical peri-
phrasis or descriptive na77te.
kenningar-nafn, n. surna7ne\ -ortS,
n.pl. words of admonition \ -sonr, m.
alleged son.
kenni-speki, i. power of recognition.
kennsl, n. pi. (i) recognition ; bera
k. i. e-n, to know, recognize one ; (2)
a chajge made on evidence ; hafa k. i,
e-m, bera k. i. hendr e-m, to charge
07ie with a thing.
kennsla, f. ( i ) teaching, instruction ;
(2) = kennsl (i).
kenpa, f. cha7)tpion (= kempa).
keppa (-ta, -t), v. to contend, strive
hard', k. um e-t, to contend for or
about a thing', k. vi3 e-n, to contend
with one ; refl., keppast, to exert one-
self; k. vi5 e-n, to contend with or
against one ; k. til e-s or um e-t, to
strive after, contend for a thing,
keppi-liga, adv. i77tpetuously,
keppr, m. cudgel, club.
ker, n. tub, vessel, goblet,
kerald, n. tub.
ker-batS, n. = ker-Iaug.
kerfi, n. bunch, bu7idle (morg spj6t,
er bundin voru 1 k.).
ker-laug, f. bathing in a tub.
kerling (pi. -ar), f. (i) wo7nan, wife'^
(2) old wo})ia7t.
kerlinga-villa, f. old wojnan^s tale,
no7ise7ise (Jjat er mi kolluS -villa).
kerra, f. car, chariot (k. solarinnar).
kerski, f. cheerfulness, fun ( = keski).
kerski-mdl, n. jest ; -mall, a. face-
tious ; -orS, n. pi. jokes ; -ort5r, a. =
-mdll ; -yrtSi, n. pi. = -or3.
kerta-hjd.lnir, m. chandelier', -klofi,
m. snuffers ; -stika, f. candlestick.
kerti, n. wax ca7idle, taper.
kerti-rak, n. candle-wick ; -stika,
f. = kertastika ; -sveinn, m. link-boy
(attendant on a great man).
kesja, f. a kind oi halberd.
kesju-lag, n. a thrust with a halberd,
keski, f. = kerski ; -fimr, a. witty.
ketil-hadda, f. kettle-handle', -hrim,
n. kettle-gri77ie, soot.
ketill (dat. katli, pi. katlar), m.
kettle, pot, cauldro7i (i eldahiisinu var
eldr mikill ok katlar yfir).
ketil-tak, n. taki7ig a hot stone out
of a boiling kettle (as an ordeal).
ketlingr (-s, -ar), m. kitten.
ketta, f . she-cat ; giantess.
keypi-liga, adv. after the 7nanner
of a bargain.
kesrr, n. choice, = k0r.
keyra (-tSa, -tSr;, v. (i) to whip,
KEYRI
[240]
KJALLARI
lash^ prick on (hann keyrSi J)d best
sinn) ; k. best sporum, to put spurs to
a horse ; (2) to ride (keyrir siSan sem
barSast til sinna manna) ; (3) to fling
(S. bregSr bonum i. loft ok keyrir
hann lit i. Rangd) ; k. e-n utbyrSis,
to fling overboard ; (4) /<? drive, thrust
(k. nagia, k. sverS i bofuS e-m) ;
Jorunn tok sokkana ok keyrSi um
h6fu6 benni, J. struck her about the
head with the stockings ; (5) impers.,
e-n keyrir, one is driven, tossed, by
tbe wind, waves (fundu J)eir eigi fyrr
en ^i. keyrSi i. land upp ) ; e-t keyrir
or h6fi, it exceeds all measure,
kejrri, n. luhip.
kesrris-hcgg, n. lash.
keyta, i.foul water.
kits (gen. pi. kiSa or kitSja), n. kid.
kits a-roj 61k, f. kicPs ?nilk.
ki^lingr (-s, -ar), m. young kid.
kit5-skinn, n. kid-skin.
kikna (at5), v. to bend backwards^ to
sink at the knees (kikna i kndsbotum).
kilpr, m. handle (of a vessel).
kilting, f. skirt, lap (bann hafSi
Inga konung i kilting sdr).
kimbla (at5), v. to truss up.
kind (pi. kindir and kindr), f. (i)
kind, race ; fyrda (gumna, seggja,
skatna, yta) k., the sons of men, man-
kind\ (2) creature, being', lifdi engi
kvik k. eptir, no living creature lived
after; sterkari en nokkur k. onnur,
stronger than any other creature ;
belgar kindir, holy beings.
kinga, f. brooch (k. var d bringu).
kinn (pi. kinnr), f. cheek.
kinnar-bein, n. = kinnbein ; -kjdlki,
m. the upper jaw-bone.
kinn-bein, n. cheek-bone; -bjorg, f.
cheek-piece of a helmet ; -filla, f.
* cheek-flesh ' ; -hestr, m. box on the
ear ; -hoggva (see hoggva), v. to hew
or hack the cheek ; -lecSr, n. leather
cheek-piece of a bridle ; -roSi, m.
blush of shame; -skjottr, a. with pie-
bald cheeks (of a horse) ; -skogr, m.
beard; -sksBrr, a. white-cheeked.
kinnungr (-s, -ar ), m. bow of a ship.
kinn-vangi, m. cheek.
kippa (-ta, -t), v. to picll, snatch,
draw quickly (Egill kipti at ser sver3-
inu) ; hann kippir monnum at ser, ht
gets men together ; k. ofan seglinu, to
pull the sail down ; impers., e-m
kippir i kyn (um e-t), one resembles his
kinsmen {in something) ; refl., kippast
um e-t, to struggle with one another
about a thing; k. vi5, to make a
sudden ^notion (kippist bann sv^ hart
vi6, at jor6 oil skelfr).
kippa, f. bufidle, string {of).
kippr, m. pull, jerk, shock.
kirkja (gen. pi. kirkna), f. church.
kirkju-bann, n. ban of the church ;
-bol, n. church estate ; -bunaSr, m.
church hangings ; -bcBr, m. = -bol ;
-dagr, m. church-day, anniversary ;
-drottinn, m. church patron ; -eign,
f., -f§, n. church property; -fritSr, m.
church-peace, sanctuary ; -ganga, f.
church-going; -gartSr, m. church-
yard; -gengt, a.n., eiga -gengt, to be
allowed to go to church ; -gri6, n. pi.
= -fri6r ; -graBfr, a. who can be buried
at a church; -g0r8, f. church-build-
i7ig ; -helgr, f. church service ; -land,
n. church-land, glebe ; -log, n. pi. ec-
clesiastical law; -mdldagi, m. church
deed; -messa, f. = -dagr ; -rdn, n.
sacrilege ; -r6ttr, m. church-right ;
-skot. n. wing of a church ; -skraut,
-skrutS, n. church ornament ; -sokn,
f. (i) church-worship, attendance at
service ; (2) paj-ish ; -st6tt, f. church
pavei7ient; -stoll, m. church pew ;
-tiund, f. church tithe ; -tjold, n.pl.
church hangings ; -vi$r, m. church
timber ; -vist, f. attendance at church ;
-vigsla, f. consecration of a church ;
-v6r(5r, m. churchwarden,
kirna, f. churn.
kirnu-askr, m. churn-pail.
kista (gen. pi. kistna), f. (i) chest;
(2) coflin (= lik-kista).
kistill (-S, pi. kistlar), m. little
chest, small box.
kistu-hringr, m. ring in a chest;
-lykill, m. key of a chest \ -lok, n.
cover of a chest.
kitla (a5), v. to tickle.
kifa (at5), v. to quarrel.
kifinn, a. quarrelsome.
kill, m. narrow inlet, canal,
kjallari, m. cellar.
KJALTA
[241]
KLAUP
kjalta (gen. kjdltu), f. lap.
kjal-vegr, m. a way leading across
a ridge of fnou7itains (local name).
kjappi, m. pet name of a he-goat,
kjapta (at$), v. to chatter, gabble,
kjaptr (-3, -ar), m. = kjoptr.
kjark-leysi, n. lack of vigour.
kjarkr, m. vigour^ pith, energy.
kjarni, m. kernel^ esp. of berries.
kjarr (pi. kj6rr),n. copsewood, briish-
ivood, thicket.
kjarr-myrr, f. marsh- ground with
brushwood; -skogr, m. copsewood.
kja (tjai, kjac5a, kjacS), v. ; hverr
l)eirra kjdr netinu at 63rum, they put
their heads together.
kjalki, m. (l) jaw-bone \ (2) hand-
sledge (draga kjdlka).
kjoll (-8, -arj, m. poet. ship.
kjosa (kys ; kaus, k0ri and keyri ;
kusum and kurum ; kosinn,k0rmn),
V. (i) to choose, select (valkyrjur ri5a
jafnan at k. val); (2) to desire, wish
({)d kys ek laust kaup vdrt) ; k. heldr,
to choose rather, prefer ; (3) /<? elect
(k. biskup) ; (4) with preps., k. c-n af
fleirum, to select, choose from a num-
ber; k. af, to choose (kuru J)eir J)d af
at ganga til handa konungi) ; margir
kjosa ekki or6 a sik, matiy are not so
well spoketi of as they may wish to be ;
k. e-n til e-s, to select one for a t^ing
(k. e-n til fylgdar viQ sik, til biskups) ;
k. um e-t, to choose between (kjos J)u
nu um tva kostij.
kjiiklingr (-a, -ar), m. chicken, chick.
kjolr (gen. kjalar, dat. kill ; pi.
kilir,acc. kjolu), m. (i) >i'«?^/(brotna6i
kjolrinn undir skipinu) ; sigla lausum
kill, to sail with an empty ship ; koma
e-m d kjol, to get one up on the keel
(when the boat is capsized) ; niSr 1
V\\\,down in the hold; (2) keel-shaped
range of mountains (austr um Kjol) ;
(3) back of a book.
kjol-syja, f. one of the two boards
nearest to the keel.
]<jol-vegr, m. = kjal-vegr.
kjoptr, m. (i) jaw (er hinn efri k.
vi6 himni, en hinn nedri vid jordu) ;
{^) gaping jaws.
kjor, n. choice, decision; ganga (falla)
K)ii.y to go as one wishes.
ICEL. DICT.
kj6r-gripr, m. a choice or costly
thing; -ligr, z.. fit to be chosen.
kjorr, m. thicket = kjarr (J)eir skildu
f kjorr einum).
kj 6r-vdpn, n.a choice weapon ; -vit5r,
m. choice timber; -visligr, a. accept-
able, — kjorligr.
kjot (dat. kjoti and kj6tvi),n. meat,
fiesh ; in pi. stores of meat.
kj6t-dt, n., -ata. f. meat-eating;
-biti, m. piece of meat ; -ligr, a. (i)
pertain ing to fiesh ; {2) cam al,fieshly ;
(3) related by blood; kjotligt barn, o?ie^s
own child; kjotligr broSir, brother
germane ; -leer, n. joint of meat ;
-stykki, n. piece of meat ; -vaxinn,
^p.fieshy; -setr, a. eatable (of meat).
klafa-kerling, f., -stafr, m. a kind
of two-pronged stick.
klafi, m. a kind oi fork (put on a
cow's neck in the stall).
klak (pi. kick), n. chirping of birds.
klaka (a$), v. to twitter, chatter (of
birds) ; refl., klakast viQ um e-t, to
have a dispute about.
klaka-hestr, m., -hross, n. a horse
that is left unhoused in winter; -hogg,
n. a tool for breaking up frozeti soil,
= t)eIhogg ; -torf, n. frozen tu?f.
klaki, m. hard-frozen ground.
klakk-laust, adv. unhurt, un-
scathed (komast -laust af).
klakkr (-3, -ar), m. heavy, peaked
clouds ; cf. uvidris-klakkr.
klakk-sdrr, a. touchy, feeling sore;
e-m ver6r -sart, one is hurt, in,ured.
klambrar-, gen. from ' klombr ' ;
-veggr, m. a kind of wedge.
kland, n. molestation,
klanda (a5), v. to molest.
klanda-lauss, 2^.. free fro7n molesta-
tion ; klandan, f., klandr, n. = kland.
klapp, n. pat, patti7ig.
klappa (a5). v. (i) to pat, st?'oke
gently (jarlinn klappafii hendi sinni d
bak honum) ; k. um e-t, to pat : (2) to
knock, rap (k. a dyrum, d hurSj ; (3)
to shape by cuififjg blows, hew, chisel
(voru klappafiirdsteinvegginn krossar
^rir); {^)to hamjner ; mun ek nu k. um
aptr, I will make it good ( right) again.
klauf (pi. -ir), f. (i) the cleft (be-
tween the toes); (2) cloven foot
KliAUFA-QANQR
[242]
KLO-FUGIi
(goltrinn svamm J)ar til af gengu klauf-
irnar) ; (3) beast ^ head of cattle.
klaufa-gangr, m. tramp of cattle,
klausa, f. clause, passage.
klaustr, n. cloister^ cofivent,
klaustra-folk, n. convent folk ; -lif-
nat5r, m. ccmvent life ; -menn, m. pi.
convent people.
klaustr-ganga, f. entering a con-
veftt ; -gartSr, m. convent wall.
kid (klsB ; klo, klogum ; kleginn),
V. to claw, scratch, rub (hann ba6 mik
kM fot sinn).
kldSi, m. itch (l)egar brd kliQa
miklum d hvarmana).
kla^-sjukr, a. scabby.
kldfr (-S, -ar), m. a kind of box
carried on horseback.
klam, n. obscene, filthy language.
kldm-hogg, n. an opprobrious blow ;
-yrSi, n.foul language.
klap-eygr, a. goggle-eyed, staring.
kldrr (-s, -ar), m. hack, cart-horse.
kl6 (gen. kljd ; pi. k]jdr), m. one of
the stones to keep the warp straight
in the old upright loom.
klefi, m. closet (cf. svefnklefi).
kleggi (gen. -ja), m. cleg, horse-fly,
kleggi (gen. -ja), m. cock of hay.
kleif (pi. -ar), f. cliff, rocky ascent.
kleima (-da, -dr), v. to daub, dabble.
kleiss, a. lisping (k.. 1 mdli).
klekja (klek, klakta, klaktr and
klakinn), v. to hatch (= k. ut).
klektunar-matSr , m. chicken-hearted
man (hann er engi -ma6r).
klenging f pi. -ar), i.vexatious action.
klengi-sok, f. a vexatiotis suit.
klengjast (d), v. to interfere or in-
trude oneself vexatiously.
kleppr, m. plummet, lump.
klerka-folk, n., -ly$r, m. the clergy ;
-siSir, m. pi. clerical custotns ; -songr,
m. church music.
klerk-domr, m. learning', -liga,
adv. like a clerk, learnedly ; -ligr,
a. clerkly, scholar-like.
klerkr (-s, -ar), m. (l) cleric, clerk,
scholar', (2) clergyman, esp. of the
minor orders.
klettr (-8, -ar), m. rock, crag.
kliSr, m. din, murjnur.
klif, n. cliff, scatir^ — kleif.
klifa (a5), v. to repeat, harp on the
sa,7ne thing (also, k. i. e-u) ; refl., klifast
vi5 e-n, to wrangle with one.
klif-gata, f. way along a cliff.
klifra (a^), klifrast, v. to clijnb.
klingja (-da, -t), v. /^ ring, jingle.
klippa (-ta, -tr), v. to clip, cut ; k.
sauSi, to shear sheep.
klifa (klif; kleif, klifum ; klifinn),
V. to climb (konungr kleif upp i einn
bakka ; k. bratta brekku).
kligja (-Sa), v. to feel nausea (h6n
kligir mjok).
kligja, f. 7iausea.
klina (-da, -dr), v. to smear', k.
brau3, to butter bread.
kliningr, m. buttered bread.
kljd (kljai, kljaSa, kljaSr), v. to
fix the weights (cf. * kid ') to a loom ;
vera i. enda klja6r, to have done ; er
ek a enda kljac5r at J)ola J)at lengr, /
can bear it no longer.
kljar, m. = kle.
kljufa (klyf ; klauf, klufum ; klof-
inn), V. to cleave, split (hann hjo
pe^ar i skjold Hruts ok klauf allan
ni5r) ; skammt upp klofinn, having
a short fork, short-legged.
klof, n. the space between the legs,
the fork.
klofa-rum, n. ship's cabin near the
mast ; -stef, n. ' cleft burden ', a form
of refrain in a ' drapa '.
klofi, m. (i) cleft, rift (in a hill);
cleft stick ; verSa i klofanum, to be
caught in a trap ; (2) door-groove ;
luka upp hurSu, or luka aptr hurd, a
miSjan klofa, to open, or shut, the door
halfway; hur6 hnigin a miSjan klofa,
half shtit ; reka aptr hurSina [or luka
hurSinni) i klofa, to shut the door',
(3) the forks to support tents on board
a ship (hoggva tjoldin or klofum) ;
(4) snuffers.
klofna (at$), v. to be cloven^ to split.
klokka, f. = klukka.
klo (pi. klcer, dat. klom), f. (i)
claw, talon ; (2) clew (of a sail).
kloa-gangr, m. scratching {fighting)
with claws.
kloast, V. refl. to fight with claws.
kl6-dyr, n. a beast with claws, beast
of prey ; -fugl, m. bird of prey.
kIi6kindi
[243]
KNATT-TR6
klokindi, n. pi. cunning^ cleverness.
klok-leiki, m.=kl6kindi ; -liga, adv.
ctinjtingly ; -ligr, a. amning, crafty.
klokr, a. arch^ ciinning, clever.
klok-samligr, a. = -ligr ; -skapr, m.
= kl6kindi.
klor, n. scratching] klora (a^), v.
to scratch (like a cat).
klot, n. knob of a sword hilt.
klubba, f. = klumba.
klukka (gen. pi. klukkna), f, bell\
kvad vid klukkan, the bell rang.
klukkari, m. bell-ringer.
klukkna-hljotS, n. peal of bells \
-hus, n. bell-chamber, belfry.
klukku-hljoS, n. = kiukknahljoS ;
-strengr, m. bell-string.
kluaiba, f. club, — klubba, kylfa.
klungr (-rs, -rar), m. bramble.
klungrottr, o.. grown with b7'amble.
klutr (-S, -ar), m. kerchief.
klyf (pi. -jar), f. pack, truss (on a
pack-horse) ; -beri, m. pack- saddle.
'klyfhera.-'ba,nd,n.pack-saddlegzrth.
klyfja (aS), v. to load with packs (k.
best, asna af e-u).
klyfja (klyf, kluf^a, klufiSr), v.
to split, cleave.
klyfja-band, n. pack-girth ; -bur(5r,
m. carrying packs on horseback ;
-hestr, m., -bross, n. pack-horse.
klypa (-ta, -tr), v. to pinch, nip.
klyping, f. pinching, nipping.
klsetSa (-dda, -ddr), v. to clothe ; k.
sik, to dress otieself-, refl., klae3ast, to
dress oneself put on one's clothes, in
the morning (si3an st66u I)eir upp ok
klaeddust).
kl8B(5a-, gen. pi. from ' klseSi ' ;
-bunatJr, -buningr, m. apparel;
-kaup, n. exchange of clothes ; -akipti,
n. pi. change of clothes ; -skurtSr, m.,
-snitS, n. cut, fashion of clothes; -ylr,
m. wartnth derived frofn clothes ;
-6rk, f. clothes-chest.
klae5-fdr, a. thinly clad; -hoefr, a.
fit for wear.
klaetSi, n. (i) cloth, stuff (ensk k.
me3 morgum litum) ; (2) gartnent
(maSr 1 rauQu k.) ; (3) esp. in pi.,
clothes, apparel, dress (hvar fyrir berr
l)u rau5 klaeSi ?) ; fara i k., to put on
clothes ; fara af or 6r klaeSum, to take
off one's clothes ; bera k. (kasta klacfl-
um ) d. vdpn, to throw clothes over the
weapons (to stop a fi'^ht).
klaetS-lauss, a. void of clothes, naked;
-leysi, n. nakedness; -m.argr, a. well
provided with clothes.
klaetSnatSr (gen. -ar), m. clothingy
app.irel (k. |>6ru ok gripir).
klaeS-sekkr, m. clothes-bag.
klaeja (aS), v. to itch ; nu klaeja oss
lofarnir, now otir palms itch ; impers.,
m^r klasjar, / itch.
kl8Bki, n. disgrace, cowardice.
klaeki-ligr, a. dastardly, cowardly.
kla9kis-efn.i, n. meaii proceeding \
-hogg, n. dastardly blow.
klaeki-skapr, m. baseness, meanness.
klaskis-laust, adv. blamelessly ;
-mat5r, m. dastard; -nafn, n. name
for cowardice ; -or 5, n. = -nafn ;
-verk, n. base work.
klsekja (-ta, -tr), v. to put to shame.
kl8Bkja-fullr, a. disgraceful, mean.
klesma (-da, -dr), v. to put to sha7ne.
klok, n. pi., see ' klak '.
klpkkna (a(5), v. to become softy
softefi (J)at voknar ok kl0kknar).
kl0kkr (ace. -van), a. pliable, softy
yielding; easily affected.
klpkkva (kl0kk ; klokk, klukku ;
— ), V. to be moved to tears ; to sob,
kl0kkva (-ta, tr), v. to soften.
klpkkving, f. emotion.
klombr (gen. klambrar), f. smithes
vice, fig. a tight place.
klopp (gen. klappar, pi. klappir),
f. stepping-stone.
knakkr (-s, -ar), m. a kind of stool.
knapi, m. valet, varlet.
knappatSr, ^^. furnished with studs
or buttons (k, kyrtill).
knapp-jdrn, n. iron staff with a knob
at one end.
knappr (-s, -ar), m. (i) knob (staf \
hendi ok knapp a) ; ri3a knapp d, to
furnish a thing with a knob; (2) stud,
button (me6 knappi ok nezlu).
knarrar-bdtr, m. ship's boat (see
*knorr'); -skip, n. = kn6rr ; -smiSr,
m. shipwright.
knatt-drepa, f., -gildra, f. = -tre ;
-hogg, n. a blow with a ball; -leikr,.
la. playing at ball; -tr6, n. bat.
KNA
[244]
KNOTTR
knd (pi. knegum ; kndtta), a defec-
tive verb, / can {could) ; kndkat ek
segja, / cannot say (poet.).
krid-leikr, m. prowess^ hardihood ;
-liga, adv. hardily, do7{ghtily (t)eir
scEkja -liga ferSina) ; -ligr, a. = kndr.
knar (knd, knatt), a. hardy, vigor-
ous ; having strength and energy.
kne (gen. pi. knja, dat. knjam or
knjom), m. (I) knee ; sitja i. kn^ e-m,
to sit on a person's knee\ ganga (koma,
fara, hvarfa) fyrir k. e-m, to approach
one as a suppliant ; koma e-m i. k.,
to bring one to his knees, ove^'come ;
Idta k. fylgja kvidi, to plant the kfiee
on the belly, sitja fyrir knjom e-rri,
to attend a wojnan in childbirth ; (2)
knee-titnber in a ship.
kn6-be5r, m. knee cushion ; falla d
-bed, to kneel; -beygjast (5), v. refl.
to bow the knees ; -bjorg, f. knee-
piece ; -fall, n. kneeling.
knefa (atS), v. to deteri7iine (er Jjar
nu knefat um annat ra6).
kn6-falla (see falla), v. to fall on
the knees ; to kneel.
kneiking (pi. -ar), f. close embrace,
hug (kossar ok kneikingar).
kneikja (-ta, -tr), v. to bend back-
wards with force (k. e-n aptr a bak).
kne-lic5r, m. knee-joint.
kneppa (-ta, -trj, v. (i) to press,
hug (k. e-n at ser) ; {2) to stud, button.
kn6-riuinr, m. lineage, kinship', de-
gree in descent.
kn6s-b6t, f. the hollow of the knee.
kn6-setja (see setja), v. to place
upon one's knees, a kind of adoption
(hann -setti J)ann svem ok fostraSi);
-setningr, m. foster-son.
kn63-f6tr, m. hain, hough (= -bot).
kne-sig, n. sinkifig on one's knees ;
-skel, f. knee-cap, k;iee-pan ; -skot, n.
huiniliatio7i ; koma -skoti a e-n, to
bring one to his knees.
kneyfa (-cSa, -t5r), v. to quaff (Egill
kneyfdi af horninu i einum drykk).
knia (aS), v. to consider, debate (er
J)eir kniadu J)etta mal milli sin).
knia, v. poet., only in the pret.
*kai6i', to knock, strike', knifium un-
n;r, we rowed.
knifr (-s, -ar), m. knife, dirk.
knifs-bla?J, n. knife's blade ; -hepti,
n. knife's hajidle', -oddr, m. knife's
point ; -skepti, n. = -hepti.
kno?Ja (a$), v. to knead (k. saman
mjol ok smjor).
knoka (aS), v. to knock, thujnp.
knosa (a§), v. to bruise, beat.
knui,m. /^«;/^/^/(?(hvitnu6u knuarnir).
knuska (a(5), v. to knock, ill-treat.
knuskan, f. knocking, ill-treatment.
knuta, f. knuckle-bone, joint^bone.
knutottr, a. knotted.
knutr (-S, -ar), m. (i) knot', leysa
kmit, to undo a knot ; ri3a knut, to
tie a knot ; knyta knut, to knit a
knot; (2) hui7ip, protuberance.
knykill (pi. knyklar), m. small
knot, protuberance.
knylla (-ta, -tr), v. to beat, strike
(l)eir knylltu hann mec5 keyrinu).
knypri, n. cowering ; vefja sik 1 k.,
to crouch together.
knytja (a5), v. to k?iit or tie together,
knyfill (pi. knyflar), m. short horn.
knyflottr, a. short-ho7-ned.
knyja (kny, kny5a or knu^^a,
knuinn), v. (i) to knock ; hann knuSi
hurSina, he knocked at the door ; (2)
to press, drive ontuard (})eir knu3u
fast arar mec3 sto um bakfollum) ; to
push, urge on ihann gat varla fylgt
henni, svd kniidi hon fast reiSina) ;
(3) refl. to struggle on, p7-ess on ; J)vi
harSara er f>6rr knviQist at fanginu,
pvi fastara st65 h6n, the 7no7-e Thor
exerted hiitiself, the frmer she stood.
knyta (-tta, -ttr), v. to k7iit, fasten
by a knot, bind, tie (hon knytir saman
halana -k nautunum) ; with dat. (skul-
um ver k. lindregli um fremra stafn) ;
impers., knytti hrygginn (ace), the
back kfiotted zip, became crooked.
knyti, n. bag, purse.
knytil-skaviti, m. a cloth or kerchief
knotted up (and used as a purse).
knyti-skauti, m. = knytilskauti.
knyttr, pp. knotted, crippled.
knorr (gen. knarrar, dat. knerri ;
pi. kneriir, ace. knorru), m. ship,
esp. 7nerchant-ship, opp. to 'langskip'.
knottr (gen. knattar, dat. knetti ;
pi, kne tir, ace. knottu), m. ball;
her5a knua at knetti, to play at ball.
KODDI
[245]
KOMA
koddi, m. filloiv.
kofarn, n., -rakki, m. lap-dog.
kofi, m. convent cell ; //«/, shed,
kofr, n. coffer (skrin ok k.).
kofri, m. hood or bonnet of fur.
kofr-ind.lugr, a. testy, snappish ;
-menni, n. a snappish^ testy person
(-menni f skapi).
kogla (aS), V. to goggle, look askance.
kol, n. pi. coals, charcoal (svi3a k.).
kola, f. a small, open lamp.
kola-, gen. pi. from 'kol*; -karl,
-maSr, m. charcoal-maker \ -meiss,
m. box for carry i?ig coals.
kol-bitr, m. coal-eater (an idle per-
son sitting always at the fireside) ;
-blar, a. coal-black ; -brenna, f. char-
coal-making ; -grof, f. charcoal pit ;
-g0r$, f. = -brenna.
koUa, f. (i) hind, cow ; (2) womafi
(only in compds.).
kol-laupr, m. coal-box.
koll-heitS, n. bright sky overhead:
-hetta, f., -hottr, m. a kind of round
cap (J)eir hofdu grdr -hettur).
kollottr, a. (i) without horns, polled
(aer kollott) ; (2) with shaven crown,
hairless (k. ok klasSlauss) ; having the
hair cut short.
kollr (-S, -ar), m. (i) top, summit
(a kolli fjallsins) ; (2) head, pate (J)eim
var sprottit hdr or kolli) ; (3) a shaven
crown (hann rakar af J)eim harit ok
g0r6i J)eim koll) ; (4) hrinda e-u um
koU, to overthrow.
koll-sveinn, m. boy with aflat cap ;
-varpa (a(5), v. to ove) throw ; -verpa
(see verpa), v. = -varpa.
kol-merktr, pp. jet-black (klasSi
-merkt) ; -reykr, m. smoke from burn-
ing charcoal ; -svartr, a. coal-black ;
-vi^r, m. wood for charcoal.
koma (kem ; kom or kvam, kom-
um or kvamum ; kominn), v. (i)
to come (litlu siSarr koinu Finnar aptr
heim) ; \i) to co?ne, arrive (bref komu
fra Skula jarli) ; kom sva, at {it ca?ne
to pass, that) Bardi var heitit mey-
junni ; (3) with dat. of the object, to
make to come, to take, bring, carry,
&c. ; hann skyldi k. I^or i GeirroSar-
gar6a, he should make Th. come to
G,\ hann kom tjorhaddi heilum yfir
dna, he brought Th. safe across the
river \ k. e-m i hel, to put one to
death ; k. e-m til falls, to make one
fall ; k. e-m i sastt vi6 e-n, to reconcile
one with another-, k. ser vel hja e-m,
to bring oneself into favour with, be
agreeable to (peir komu ser vel vid
alia) ; k. e-u til lei6ar (til vegar), to
effect, bring about ; k. orSum vi5 e-n,
to speak with a person (hann g0r6i
sik sva rei6an, at ekki matti orSum
vi6 hann k.) ; (4) with preps., k. e-u
af sdr, to get rid of (allt mun ek til
vinna at k. af mer ySvarri reiSi); k.
e-u af, to abolish (J)vi hal3i eigi orSit
af komit mec3 ollu) ; k. at e-m, to cofne
upon one (komu t)essir at honum fyrir
Sjolandi me3 tveim skipum) ; k. at
hendi, to happen (mikill vandi er
kominn at hendi) ; impers., Gunnarr
jataSi {)vi, en l)a er at kom, vildi hanri
eigi, G. agreed to it, but when it came
to the point he would not ; k. at e-u,
to coffie at, regaifi, recover (k. at
hamri) ; k. ser at e-u, to bring oneself
to (f>. kom ser ekki at J)vi) ; k. a e-t,
to come on, hit (hoggit kom i. lasrit) ;
k. e-u a, to bring about, effect imattu
jDeir 0ngQm flutningum a k. ) ; k. kristni
(dat.) a England, to christianize E. ;
k. fram, to come forth, appear, eme7ge
(sigldi E. su6rme6 landi ok kom fram
i Danmork) ; to be produced, brought
forward (mi eru 611 frumgogn fram
komin) ; to come about, take place,
happen (nu mun {)at fram k. sem ek
sag(3a) ; k. e-u fram, to brifig abouty
effect (k. fram hefndum) ; k. fyrir e-t,
to be an equivalent for (fyrir vig
Hjartar skyldi k. vig Kols) ; ailt mur»
k. fyrir eitt, // will all come to the
same ; k. fyrir ekki. to come to naught,
be of no avail; e-m l^ykkir fyrir van
komit, at, one thinks it past all hope,
that; k. e-u fyrir, to destroy (hann
kom hverjum hesti fyrir) ; k. i e-t, to
come into, enter; md.1 koma 1 dom,
suits are brought up for judgejnent ;
k. ni3r, to come down ; hann reyndi
eptir, hvar G. vieri ni5r kominn, what
had becojne of G. ; kom J)ar ni6r tal
hennar, at hon sagSi honum, hversu,
the end of her talk was, that she told
KOMA
[246]
KONA
him Ji07v— ; k. hart ni3r, to pay dearly
for it (ek hafSa ilia til gort, enda kom
ek hart niSi) ; k. saman, to come to-
gether^ gather (er saman kom liSit) ;
to agree ; J)at kom saman {or ^samt)
me6 {3eim, they agreed on it\ impers.,
kom peim vel saman (asamt), they
agreed well:, k. e-u saman, to bring
about, effect ; k. saman s^ettum me3
e-m, to reco7icile them ; k. til e-s, to
come to a person or place ( jarlinn kom
me8 allan her sinn til Dyflinnar) ; k.
til rikis, to co7ne to, or succeed to, the
throne ; k. til e-s, to cause : t)at kemr
til J)ess, at, the reason is, that ; to
help, avail', koma til litils, to come to
little, be of small avail (= k. fyrir
iitit ) ; to concern : {^etta mdl kemr
ekki til pin, this g^uarrel is no business
of thine ; pat er til min kemr, so far
as I am concerned ; to tnean, signify
(t*. kvezk skilja, hvar or3 hans komu
til) \ to be of value : sver3 J)at, er til
kom mork gulls, that was worth a
'■mark^ of gold', mikit {)ykkir til e-s
k., one is iniich thought of is thought
to be of great i;nporta?ice ; k. til, to be
born ; k. e-m undan, to help one to es-
cape ; k. undir e-n, to come unto one ;
ef undir oss skal k. kjorit, if we are
to choose ; k. e-m undir, to get one
down, overcome otie ; k. upp, to co7ne
up ; tungl kemr upp, the 7HOon rises ;
eldr kom upp,yf?r broke out', kom J)a
upp gratr fyrir henni, she burst into
tears ; to turn up (hann kastar tening-
unum ok komu upp tvau sex) ; kom
|)at upp af tali j^eirra, at, the e7id of
their talk was, that ; to C07ne out,
beco77ie known (kom J)at 'pi. upp, at
hann haf3i beSit hennar) ; k. e-u upp,
to open (kerling tekr horpuna ok vildi
upp k.) ; hann mdtti lengi eigi ordi
upp k., // was long before lie could
utter a wofd ; k. vi6 e-t, to touch
(komit var vi3 hurQina) ; J)eir komu
vi6 sker, they struck on a reef; hann
kemr vi6 margar sogur, he appears in
ma7iy sagas ; to be added to (koma
J)^r naetr vi3 hinar fyrri) ; k. vi3, to
fit, be convenie7it, suit ; k. e-u vi5, to
e77tpioy, 77iake use of (ek mdtta eigi
boganum vi6 k.) ; hann kom J>vi vi3
{he brotcght about), at ergi skyldi fara
me3 vjipn ; ur6u peir at flyja sem J)vf
komu vi3, all fled that could', k. s^r
vi3, to bring about, effect, be able to
do (ek mun veita jD^r slikt li3 sem ek
ma mer vi3 k.) ; to behave (hversu
hann kom s^r vi3 i f)essum malum) ;
k. yfir, to pass over (hvert kveld, er
yfir kom) ; (5) refl., komast, to co7ne
to the end, get through, reach (hann
komst vi6 sva buit i riki sitt); k. af,
to escape, save one's life (tveir drukk-
nu6u, en hinir komust af) ; k. at e-u,
to get at a thi7ig, procure ; eigi skaitu
ilia at k., thou shall 7iot get it un-
fairly ; k. d foetr, to get on one's legs ;
k. undan, to escape (allt I)at h6, er
undan komst); k. ut, to get out\ k.
vi6, to be able (brenn allt ok basl sem
p\x matt vi6 k.) ; to be touched (hann
komst mjok vi3 ok felldi tdr) ; k. vi5
vedri, to get abroad {hann let pat ekki
vi6 ve6ri k.) ; k. yfir e-t, to overco7ne,
get hold of (er hann komst yfir feit).
koma, f. arrival, — kvama.
kominn, pp. co77ie ; k. af e-m, de-
sce7idedfro77i ; k. af ser, in a declining
state, 071 the decline (kristnin var mjok
sva af ser komin) ; k. at andMti,
dau8a, breathi7ig one's last; voru J)eir
mjok at komnir, they were 77iuch ex-
hausted; vel (ilia) k., in good {bad)
estate; hann var vel til nams k., he
was in a good place for learning;
m^r t)ykkir son minn hvergi betr k.,
i7iethinks 77iy son is 7io%vhere better
off, in better ha7ids ; k. i. sik vel, in
a good state, acco7nplished (k. i. sik
manna bezt) ; vera d legg k., to be
grown up ; vera sv^ aldrs k., to be of
such a7i age ; hann sagQi henni, hvar
pi. var komit, he told her how 771a tiers
stood; vera k. til e-s, to be entitled to
(t)eir, er til einskis eru komnir); rett
k. til konungdoms, right heir to the
ki7lgd077l.
kompana-skapr, m. co77ipanionship,
kompann, m. = kumpinn.
kompdss, m. ring, circle, compass,
kora.u-inat5r, m. new co77ier, guest.
kona (gen. pi. kvenna), f. (i) wo7nan
(var hon kvenna friSust) ; (2) wife (ek
em k. Ni^ls).
KONAR
[247]
KOSTA-BOD
konar» gen. sing, from an obsolete
* konr ', kind ; alls k., of all kinds ;
hvers k., of every kind ; margs k., of
many kinds ; ymiss k , of sundry
kinds ; sams k., of the same kind.
konr (pi. -ir), m. poet, (i) son,
descendant, kinsman ; (2) matt.
konu-bu, n. woman's estate ; -efni,
n. one^s future wife, bride ; -f6, n.
marriage portion ; -bar, n. wotnan's
hair ; -klaetSi, n. pi. wotnati's attire ;
-lauss, a. wifeless, widowed (verQa
-lauss) ; -mdl, n. love affair (verSa
sekr um -mal), = kvennam^l ; -nd-m,
n. abduction of a woman.
konunga (a5), v. to address as a
king, to call by the name of king.
konunga-kyn, n. royal kin, royalty ;
-skipti, n. change of kings, succession ;
-stefna, f. ?neeting of kings ; -seett, f.
peace between kings ; -tal, n. series of
kings ; -fiBtt, f. = -kyn.
konung-borinn, pp., -borligr, a.
of royal birth ; -djarfr, a. speaking
boldly to kings ; -domr, m. kingdotn ;
-lauss, a. kingless, without a king ;
-ligr, a. kingly, royal', -matJr, m.
royal person, king.
konungr (-s, -ar), m. king.
konung-riki, n. kingdom.
konungs-atsetr, n. king^s residence ;
-br6f, n. ki?ig^s writ, warrant ; -bu,
n. royal estate ; -efni, n. future king ;
-eigur, f. pi. royal property ; -eyrendi,
n. royal errand ; -fundr, m. audience
given by a king', -garSr, m. king's
palace ; -hofn, f. kifig's haven ;
-kvec5ja, f. address to a king', -leyii,
n. ki?!g's leave', -lykill, m. the king's
key = axe (which opens all doors and
chests) ; munu peir bera -lykil at
husina, they will break in by force ;
-la9gi, n. king's berth ; -nafn, n. king's
title', -naMtv^m. kittg' s gift', -niSingr,
m. traitor to the king; -riki, n. king-
dom ; -setr, n. royal residence ;
-skriiSi, m. king''s apparel; -steSi,
m. the king's stithy, the tnint ; -sveit,
f. king's retinue ; -sysla, f. roya,l
office, district ; -saeti, n. king's seat,
residence ; -tekja, f. election of a king ;
-tign, f. royal dignity ; -vigsla, f.
coronation.
konung-aaBll, a. blessed with good
kings (hofum v^r verit -Scclir).
kopar-kanna, f. copper can ; -kross,
m. copper cross.
koparr, m. copper.
kopar-stika, f. copper candlestick.
koppr (-8, -ar), m. cup, small vessel.
kordunu-hosur, f . pi. hose of cordo'
van leather.
korn, n. cor?t, grain (j^ar var hallasri
a korni) ; oats (gefa hestum k.) ; in
pi. stores of grain (hann flutti med
ser mikil korn).
korn-amstr, n. corn-stack ; -ar, n.
crop ; -arit brast, the crop failed.
Korn-bretar, m. pi. the Britons of
Cor?iwall (Kornbreta-land).
korn-frjo, n. seed-corn ; -hjalmr, m.
corn-stack ; -blatSa, f. barn ; -kaup,
n. purchase of corn ; -kippa, f. basket
for seed-corn ; -sala, f. sale of corn ;
-skreppa, f. corn-bag.
kornskurtSar-maSr, m. shearer^
reaper ; -manatSr, m. shearing month.
korn-skurt5r, m. shearing, reaping ;
-vist, f. stores of corn.
korpr, m. raven, = hrafn.
koa-eyrir, m. choice things.
kosning, f., kosningr, m. election.
koss (pi. kossar), m. kiss.
koss-mildr, a. fond of kissing,
kosta (at5), v. (i) to try, with gen. ;
k. afls, magns, to try {put forth) otie's
strength ; k. mans, to fall in love ;
B. iDurfti alls at k., B. had to exert all
his strength ; k. kapps, to strive hard ;
(2) to exert oneself, strive, with infin.
(i pvi, er hann kostar upp at risa) ;
kostit svi. keppa, at Gu5run klokkvi,
do your best to draw tears from G.;
(3) to injure, hurt (baeSi var kostat
hold bans ok bein) ; inipers., J)at fall
var sva mikit, at kostac5i laerlegg bans,
that his thie,h-bone was hurt', (4) k.
e-n mikit, litit, to cost one nmch, little ;
impers., kostar e-n e-t, it costs 07te so
and so tnuch, with the price in gen.
(kostar pik pat nokkurs), or ace. (einn
riddara kostar atta merkr gulls sinn
bunad) ; (5) /<? defray the expenses of
(J)at bo6 kostadi IJnnr) ; t)u hefir
kostat OSS, thoi4 hast etitertained us.
kosta-, gen. pi. from * kostr ' j -bo^.
KOSTA-IiAUSS
[248J
k6r6na
n. favourable choice ; -lauss, a. =
- vanr ; -mikill, ?i.good, fine, valuable ;
-munr, m. difference in quality (eigi
cr -munr meQ ykkr).
kostan, f. ( i ) pains, effort (lagSi k.
ok stund d at fremja kristni) ; (2)
temptation (k. fjdndans).
kosta-vandr, a. fastidious ; -vanr,
a. cheerless.
kost-goSr, a. of good quality ; -gripr,
m. costly thing, choice thing; -gssfa
(-Sa, -Sr), V. (i) to push on with a
thing; -gaefa eptirforina, to press the
pursuit hard ; (2) with in tin., to strive,
take pains (f>. kostgasfSi svd mjok
at hjalpa foruneyti sinu) ; -gaefS, f.,
-gaefi, n. and f. painstaking, care ;
me6 ollu -gaefi, with all diligence ;
-gaefliga, adv. with pains, diligently ;
-gsefligr, a., -gssfr, a. painstaking,
diligent.
kostigr, a. of good quality, choice.
kost-illr, a. of mean quality, poor ;
-lauss, a. of no use, bad ; -ligr, a.
desirable, advantageous ; -mot^r, a.
heavy with food.
kostnaSar-mikill, -samr, a. very
costly, expensive.
kostna?5r (gen. -ar), m. (i) cost,
expense ; (2) maintenance, living.
kostr (-ar, pi. -ir, ace. -i or -u), m.
(i) choice., alternative (hann sd, engan
sinn kost annan) ; mun ek engan kost
d gora, / will give no choice in the
matter ; (2) choice, terms (hvern kost
vili f>^r nu g0ra Ingjaldi) ; hugsat hefi
ek kostinn, / have thought over the
ter?ns; (3) choice, chance, opporttmity ;
k. er e-s, there is a chaiice (J)at er
hverjum manni boSit at leita ser lifs,
medan k. er) ; eiga e-s kost, to have
a choice <?/'(eiga slikra manna kost) ;
eiga alls kosti vi3 e-n, to have one
altogether in one's power ; (4) match
(SigriSr het dottir bans ok J)6tti beztr
k. d Halogalandi) ; bann spyrr, hverr
eigi a6 rdc3a fyrir kosii hennar, who
was to give her away ; (5) state,
condition ; sjd fyrir siiium kosti, to
take care of oneself ; sifian let Simon
var5veita kost bennar, look after her
affairs ; (61 cost, expefise, = kostnaSr
{{)at skip hofSu boejarmenn latit gora
af sinum kosti) ; (7) means, victuals,
provisions (baud hann Oddi alia kosti
me6 s^r) ; {%) food (J)at var si6r at
foera konum J)eim kost, er a saeng
hvildu) ; {9) board (J)a baud Ketill fe
fyrir kost hennar); (10) stores, goods
(tvau skip hlaSin vasnum kosti) ; (11)
good quality, good things ; segja kost
ok lost d e-u, to tell both the good and
the bad of a thing; fasr pu fatt af mer
friSra kosta, thoti shall get little good
from me; (12) virttte, opp. to Mostr' ;
(13) adverb, usages, J^at er til kostar,
ef, // is well done, if; at \>&\m kosti,
on that conditio?t ; at oSrum kosti,
else, otherwise ; at sidasta, efsta kosti,
in the last instance, last emergency ;
alls kostar, quite, in every respect;
eigi eins kostar, not very, fjot pecu-
liarly ; annars kostar, as fot the rest ;
nokkurs kostar, in any wise ; I)ess
kostar, in this case, thus.
kostu-ligr, a. costly, excellent (hann
belt eina -liga veizlu).
kost- van dr, 2i. fastidious.
kot, n. cottage, small farm, hut.
kot-bondi, m. cotter ; -boer, m. =
kot ; -karl, m. cotter, cottager.
kotkarls-son, m. chiirPs son.
kot-lifi, n. hicmble life ; -mannliga,
adv. meanly, in a beggarly way.
kotungr (-s, -ar), m. = kotkarl.
kof, n. thick vapour, steajn.
kof-vi^ri, m. thick fall of snow.
kolfr (-S, -ar), m. { i ) clapper, tongue
of a bell ; (2) a kind of bolt ; svd skjott
(snart) sem kolfi skjoti (skyti), swift
as an a7'row.
kolf-skot, n. bolt-shot.
kolga, f. poet, wave, billow.
kolna (aS), v. to become cold (ve3rit
kolnar) ; inv-)ers.,e-m \.6\v\2iX,07iegets
cold (oss kolnar d knjdnum).
kolnan, f. cooling down, getting
colder (|)d er solargangr 1 k.).
kong-, see ' konung-'.
kongr (-S, -ar), m. = konungr.
kopa (-ta, -t), V. to stare, gape.
kor-bok, f. choir-book, hymn-book;
-dyrr, f. pi. choir-door; -kdpa, f.
cho r-cope.
korona, f. crown, = kriina.
korona (at$), v. to crown, = kruna.
k6r-prestr
[249]
kiiingl6ttr
kor-prestr, m. choir-priest.
korr (gen. kors), m. choir, chancel.
k6rs-br6(5ir, m. canofi, = kanukr.
k6r-smi5, f. building of a choir ;
-J)ili, n. panel of the choir.
krabba-mark, -merki, n. the zodia-
cal sig?i Ca?tcer.
krabbi, m. a crab (k. gengr ofugr
longum).
krafa, f. claim, demand.
krafla (aS), v. to fnake {slight) paw-
ing movements with the hands.
krafsa (atS), v. to paw, scrape, or
scratch with the feet (uxinn krafsaQi
sem hross).
kraka (atS), v. (i) to furnish with
pales ; (2) to grip the botto7n (t6ku J)d
akkerin at k.) ; (3) k. e-t upp, to fetch
upfrofn the bottom (krokuQu J)eir hann
upp ok fluttu til lands).
kraki, m. (l) pale, stake', (2) thin
pole ; (3) a kind of drag or boat-hook.
krak-ligr, a. slender, thin and weak.
krammr, a. half thawed (k. snjor).
kranga (a$), v. to creep along.
krangr, a. weak, frail.
krank-domr, m., -doemi, n. ailing,
illness ; -leikr, m. = -domr.
krankr, a. (i) illy sick; mer er
krankt, I am ill ; (2) sore, distressing.
krap, n. half thawed snow, slush.
krapa-drifa, f. shower of sleet ;
-f6r, f. drift of thawed ice (in a river).
krapi, m. = krap.
krappa-rum, n. ^strait-room^ (a
place before a ship's Mypting').
krappr, a. (i ) strait, narrow (kropp
lei6) ; koma i krappan sta3, to get
into straits ; (2) sharp, crafty (kropp
var GuSrun).
krapta-, gen. pi. from * kraptr ' ;
-Idn, n. gift of strength {power) ;
-lifnatSr, m., -lif, n. virtuous life ;
-litill, a. weak, wanting strength ;
-matSr, m. strong {virtuous) inan ;
-mikill, a. strong.
krapt-auSigr, a. (i) very power ftl ;
(2) highly virtuoics.
kraptr (-s, -ar), m. (i) might,
strength, power ; me3 ollum krapti,
with might and main ; (2) virtue ;
(3) superhuman being, angel.
krd, f. nook, corner.
krdka, f. crow (galandi k.).
krakr, m. crotu or raven.
kraku-skel, f. mussel; -stigr, m.
^ crow-pat h\ crooked w^y, zigzag',
-ungi, m. young crow,
kras, f. dainty (dyrSligar krdsir).
kredda, f. creed (Lat. credo)
krefja (kref, kraftSa, kraftJr and
krafinn), v. to crave, dema?2<i\ claim
(k. e-n e-s) ; k. e-n mdls, ox6\, 10 ask
speech of one (engi J)or6i at k. hann
or6a) ; hann kraldi dura, he asked to
be let in, knocked at the door; refl.,
krefjast, to claim, with gen. (krafdist
HdvarSr torfunnar).
kregt5, f. pining away, a nickname.
kreista (-sta, -str), v. to squeeze,
press ; fig. to force, compel.
kreisting, f. squeezing, pressing.
krellr, m. pith, spirit, hardihood
(engi krellr er i y3r).
kremja (krem, kramda, kramiSr,
kraiadr, or kraminn), v. to squeeze
(hann kramdi hold af beinum) ; refl.,
kremjast, to be pi?iched, pine (from a
wasting sickness).
krenkja (-ta, -tr), v. to make sick,
kreppa (-ta, -tr), v. to squeeze,
press ; k. at e-m, to press hard on one
(krepptu J)eir svd hart at f^orgrimi, at
hann) ; iinpers., e-n kreppir, one be-
comes crippled ; krepptr, crippled (hon
var kreppt oil, svd at badir foetr Idgu
bjugir v;c5 knen).
kreppa, krepping, f. strait, scrape
(koma 1 kreppuj.
kreppingr, m. handful (hafa krepp-
ing fuUan).
kretta (pret. kratt), v. to murmur,
complain (engi {)or6i um at kretta).
krikta (-kta, -kt), v. = kretta (J)eir
{)oldu ilia, ok kriktu um).
kring, adv. round-, ganga f bring
ok i kring, all arou7id, round and
round', i kring um, around, with ace.
(pii skalt roa 1 kring um skutuna).
kringja (-da, -dr), \.(\) to encircle,
surround (Birkibeinar kringdu baeinn
J)egar) ; usually with prep. * um ' (t)eir
kringdu um kirkjuna) ; (2) to go round
(kringiS um borgina).
kringla, f. disk, circle, orb.
kringlottr, a. round, circular.
KBINGIiU-SKURDR
[250]
KRCEKJA
kringlu-skurc5r, m. tonsure ; -sott,
f. the staggers (in sheep).
kringr, a. easy ; svd var honum k.
skdldskapr sem oSrum monnum mal
sitt, verse-making was as easy to him
as speaking to other men.
krisma (atS), v. to anoint.
krisma, n., krismi, m. chris^n.
krismu-ker, n. christnatory.
B[rist-f§, n. ^Christ-fee' (property
given for the support of the poor).
kristi-liga, adv. in a Christian-like
way ; -ligr, a. Christian{like).
kristin-domr, m. Christendom,
Christianity {qXso ' kristinn domr').
kristinn, a. Christian ; kristin log,
ecclesiastical law.
Krist-mac5r, m. champion of Christ.
kristna (at5), v. (i) to christianize \
(2) to christen, baptize.
kristni, f. Christianity, Christendom.
kristni-botS, n., -\>o^QXi,i. preaching
the Gospel; -]i&\6.,r\. keeping Christian-
ity ; -log, n. pi. = kristin log; -spell,
n. breach, profanation of Christianity.
Kristr (gen. Krists), m. Christ.
krikar, m. pi. groin.
krjupa (kryp ; kraup, krupum ;
kropinn), y.{i) to creep, crouch (voru
dyrnar sv^ l^gar, at naer var6 at k.
inn) ; (2) to fall postrate, kneel (J)d
er v^r krjupum til hans me5 iSran).
krof, n. cut-up carcase of a slaugh-
tered animal (cf. sauSarkrof).
kropna (a^), v. (i) to be crippled',
(2) to be clenched, stiffened (var hdndin
kropnud at brefinu ).
kropning, f. kneeling,
kroppa (ac5), v. to crop, pick.
kroppin-bakr, m. hujnp-back.
kroppr (-S, -ar), m. the body, trunk
(kroppr arnarins).
kross (pi. -ar),m. (i) cross, crucifix-,
(2) sign of the cross ; i k. , cross-wise,
in the fortn of a cross (leggja hendr
i k ; r^tta sik 1 k.).
krossa (aS), v. to mark with a cross ;
refl., krossast, to take the cross (as a
crusader).
krossa-laust, adv. without making
the sign of the cross.
krossan, f. taking the cross.
kross-festa (-sta, -str), v. to fasten
to the cross, crucify, -festing, f.
crucifixion ; -bus, n. house containing
a cross; -mat5r, m. warrior of the
cross; -mark, n. sign of the cross \
-messa, f. Cross-mass, twice a year,
in the spring (-messa um vdrit), the
3rd of May, Invention of the Cross,
and in autumn, the 14th of Sept.,
Elevation of the Cross ; -tiSir, f. pi.
Hours of the Cross.
kroka-spjot, n. barbed spear.
krok-faldr, m, a form of wo?nen's
head-dress ; -fjotSr, f. barbed head of
a spear ; -lykill, m. hook-shaped key,
krokottr, a. (i) crooked, winding;
krokott a, winding river \ (2) cun-
ning, crafty.
krok-pallr, m. corner seat.
krokr (-s, -ar), m. {\)hook (nef hans
var mikit ok krokr d) ; (2) barb, on a
spear or arrow-head (cf. krokaspjot,
krokor) ; (3) peg (jDeir toku reip ofan
or krokum) ; (4) afire-hook; (5) curve,
bend, winding; rista krok, not to go
straight ; g0ra sdr kroka, to make a
detour; (6) corner (nu gangit J)er (
krokinn hja husinu).
krok-stafr, m. crooked stick,
krok- or, f. barbed arrow.
krumma, f. clownish hand, paw.
krummi, m. a pet name of a raven.
kruna, f. (i) crown; (2) shaven
crown, tonsure.
kruna (a5), v. to crown.
krydd, n. spice.
kryi^a (kryf, kruf §a, kruftJr and
krufiiin), v. to open up, disembowel
(J)a krufQi hann hana sinn).
krymma, f. = krumma.
krjrppa, f. hujnp, hunch.
kryppill, krypplingr, m. cripple.
krysja (krus^a), v. to crouch, linger,
krytja (krutta, krutt), v. to mur-
mur, gru7nble (k. um e-t).
krytr, m. noise, murmur,
kraeki-ber, n. crowbe7-ry.
krsBsast (t), v. to fire siwiptuously,
kroekill, m. = krokstafr.
kroekja (-ta, -tr), v.{\)to hook, with
dat. (hann krcekti handarstufinum i
kistuhringana) ; kroekt er saman bein-
um 1 tier, thy bones are hooked together,
i. e. badly knit ; (2) to grasp (drag)
KROF
[251 ;
KUNN-IiEIKR
with a hook, with ace. ({>. krcekti
mann Sturlu at ser me5 0xinni) ; (3)
to go in circuits, in windings (fjorSrinn
kroekti ymsa vegu inn i landit) ; (4)
vera inni krcEktr, to be shut in.
krof (gen. krafar, pi. krafir), f.
claim, demafid.
krom (gen. kramar; pi. kramar),
f. lofig or wasting illness.
krdptugr, a. strong, vigorous.
krdpturligan, adv. with might and
main (roa k., viz. r63r).
kufl, m. cowl, cowled cloak ; -hottr,
m. cowl ; -matSr, m. cowl-?nan.
kuflungr (-s, -ar), m. cowl-7nan.
kuggr (-S, -ar), m. large {foreign)
merchant-ship, ' cog\
kukl, n. juggling, sorcery.
kuklara-skapr, m. = kukl.
kuklari, va. juggler, wizard.
kill, n. bi'eeze (tagrt k.).
kulda-samr, a. cold, chilly ; -vatn,
n. cold water ; -vetSr, n. cold weather.
kuldi, m. (i) cold\ pi. kuldar, coti-
tinued cold weather (vdru frost mikil
ok kuldar) ; (2) fig. coldness, frigidity
(kenna kulda af e-m).
kult, n. quilt, counterpane,
kul-viss, a. sensitive to cold.
kumbl, kural, n. (i) mark, sign,
badge ; (2 1 sepulcJiral mofiume?it,
cairn (J^au liggja bse6i i kumli).
kumbla, kumla (aS), v. to bruise,
wound (sarr ok kumlaSr).
kumbl a-smitSr, m. ^ wound-maker\
warrior, hero (poet.).
kumbl-bui, m. cairn-dweller.
kumbl-dys, f. little cairn.
kumpdnn (-s, -ar), m. (i) fellow,
companion ; (2) the male organ.
kumpass, m. = komp^ss.
kunna (kann, kunna, kunnat), v.
(\) lo know, understand (J)u kannt
margt t)at er eigi kunnu aSrir menn) ;
(2) to know (by memory) ; lj63 ek J)au
kann, er kannat J)j63ans kona, I know
songs, such as no king's daughter
knows \ (^) to know a person; unni
honum hverr maSr, er hann (ace.)
kunni, every man that knew him loved
him ; (4) spec, phrases ; k. hof at um
e-t, k. hof sitt, to know the proper
mean, to behave with moderation ;
uxarnir kunnu t)6 heim, the oxen found
their way home ; k. enga mannraun,
to have no experience of Jfien ; k. e-m
J)okk, aufusu, to be thankful, obligea
to one ; (5) k. sik, to knu^v oneself [si.
er svinnr, er sik kann) ; to behave
well (G. kveSst mundu meiSa hann,
ef hann kynni sik eigi) ; (6)k. sdr e-t,
to understand, have clear knowledge
of (something as concerning oneself or
touching one's own interest) ; k. ser
margt, to be skilled in many things ;
k. fyrir ser = k. ser ; also ellipt. to
know how to conduct oneself; (7)
with dat. to know ; ek kann skapi
Gunnhildar, / know Gunhild's temper ;
(8) k. e-n e-s or um e-t, to blaine a
person for a thing (eigi hugSa ek, at
hann mastti mik {)essa k.j ; eigi er
hann um {)at at k., he is not to be
blajned for it ; (9) to be pleased or not
with a thing; Eyjiilfr Mzt l^vi nafni
mundu vel k., E. said he should be
well pleased with that ?ia7ne ; {10) to
be able, with infin. ; J)u skalt eigi k.
iri. tiSindum at segja, thou shalt not
escape to tell the tale ; {\\) to chance,
happen ; hvar sem J)ik kann at at
bera, wheresoever thou may happen to
arrive.
kunnandi, pr. p. knowing {vi\?ir^s, k.).
kunnandi, f. knowledge, accompXish-
me7its (nokkurs konar list eSa k.).
kunnasta, f., kunndtta, f. know-
ledge ; magical lore.
kunndttu-leysi, n. ignorance ; -lit-
ill, a, ignorafit.
kunn-g0ra (see g0ra), v. to jnake
known (=g0ra kunnigt).
kunnigr, a. ( l ) known ; g0ra kunnigt,
to make k?iown ; mer er kunnigt um
e-t, / know, have knowledge of; (2)
versed in magic art, = fjolkunnigr ;
(3) akin to {i.s-, dlf-, god-kunnigr).
kunningi (pi, -jar), m. acgtmintance
(vinir ok kunningjar).
kunn-kona, f. jemale acquaintance ;
-leiki, m., -leikr, m. (i) knowledge,
intelligence ; g0ra e-m e-t f -leika, to
inform a person of ; e-m er -leiki i.
e-u, e-t er e-m i kunnleika, one knows,
is acqtiainted with; (2) intimacy,
familiarity (-leikar eru me6 {)eim, i
KUNN-LIGA
[252]
KVEDA
milli I)eirra) ; -liga, adv. familiarly, j
intimately (kveQjast -liga) ; -matJr,
m. = kunningi.
kunnr, a. (i) known {^€x munu
kunnar leidir) ; k. at e-u, known for
something (J)u ert k. at drengskap) ;
{2) familiar \ J)eir voru mjok kunnir
'kh'C, intimate friends.
kurfl, n. cuttings of wood.
kurfla (ac5), v. to chop (wood).
kurfr (-8, -ar), m. chip, ctU-off piece.
kurr, m. (i) murmur, gru>nbiing
(of a number of persons) ; (2) ric-
w^wr (spurSist pessi k. i Vindland).
kurra (atS), v. to murmur, grumble
(kurruQu bcendr mjok).
kurr-hugi, m. low spirits ; vera i
-huga, to be anxious, coticerned.
kurteisi, f. courtesy, good manners,
chivalry (hann let kenna honum alls
konar k.).
kurteis-liga, adv. (l) courteously,
gracefully (heilsa -liga) ; (2) with
dignity, nobly (bar hann svd -liga sinn
harm) ; -ligr, a. courteous, graceful.
kurteiss, a. courteous, well-bred
(vasn kona ok kurteis) ; hann var litill
vexti, en J)6 k., he was small of stature,
but yet elega?it.
kufottr, a. convex (kufott hvel).
kufungr (-s, -ar), m. sea snail.
kuga (at5), V. to cow, force, tyrannize
over (ek man ekki k. hann til nokk-
urra hluta) ; k. e-t af e-m, to press
out of one ; Mta kiigast, to let 07teself
be cowed into submission.
kugan, f. oppression, use of force
(haft^u k. vi3 ^i. uppi vi3 fjollin).
ku-gildi, n. cow's value, = kyrlag ;
-gildr, a. of a cow's value.
kula, f. knob, boss, ball.
kulu-bakr, m. hu7npback.
kur-hugi, m. = kurr-hugi.
kvat$a, f. request, claim, demand.
kvaSning, f. (i) greeting, saluta-
tion ; (2) request, demand.
kvaka (at5), v. to twitter, chirp.
kvak-samr, a. whining, querulous.
kvala-, gen. pi. from 'kvol'; -lauss,
a. without torments ; -m.atSr, m. =
kvalari ; -stacSr, iw. place of torment.
kvalari, m. tormentor.
kval-raetSi, n. torture, torments.
kval-samligr, a. tormenting.
kvanta (atS), v. to molest, injure,
kvantr, m. loss, damage.
kvar($i, m. yard-wand.
kvarta (at5), v. to complain ; k. um
e-t, to complain of a thing.
kvartsamr, a. given to complaifiing.
kvdma, f. arrival, = koma.
kvdn, f. wife (HeSins k.).
kvanar-efhi, n. one's future wife ;
-mundr, m. a sum paid by a man for
his wife.
kvan-boenir, f. pi. wooing-, -fang,
n. taking a wife ; marriage ; jnatch
(gott -fang), wife.
kvanga (acS), v. to make a man
marry ; kvdngaSr, married ; refl.,
kvdngast, to marry, take a wife.
kvangan, f. the taking of a wife.
kvan-lauss, a. wifeless, unmarried,
widowed', -riki, n. the domineering
of a wife ; hafa -riki, to be hen-pecked.
kvdra (atS), v. to rattle.
kvatra, f. a kind of backgammon.
kvec5a (kvet5 ; kva(5, kvatJum ;
kvetSinn), v. (i) to say, utter; hann
kvacJ eigi or6, he did not utter a word',
k. gle6i-or6, to say a cheerful word ;
with infin., hann kva3 pat satt vera,
he said it was true ; k. at orSi, to
express oneself, say, speak', (2) to
{compose and) say aloud (hann kvad
visu) ; to recite, repeat (S. bad hann
J)d k. kvceSit t)at, er hann hafSi
ort) ; (3) with preps., k. at, to say,
state', gramm. to pronounce, sound',
k. e-t at e-m, to inflict on ; mikill
harmr er at oss kvedinn, great grief
has been sent on tis; k. a, to fix, deter-
mi7ie (k. d stefnudag) ; impers. to
state ; kvedr l)ar skyrt d petta, it is
there expressly stated; to cancel, object
to (k. a gogn, to cancel the evidence) ;
to make up one's mind, resolve ; k. e-t
upp, to lecite, declare (t^at skulu log
vera, sem hann kveSr upp) ; k. vi6,
to reply, answer (^wXa hann veit, hvat
hann skal vid k., el) ; to utter a cry,
&c. (hundrinn kva6 vi5 hatt) ; to
soufid (J)vi naest kvaS lu6r vi(5) ; (4)
refl., kveSast, to say of oneself; peir
er biskupar kv^Qust vera, who said
they we?e bishops ; hann kveSst eigi
KVEDATsTDI
[2^)3]
KVENNA-SIDR
riSa mundu, he said he would not ride ;
impers., mer kveOsk = ek kved m^r ;
Kdra kvadsk ( = Kdri kvaS ser) onnur
fer6 betri J)ykkja, K. said he thought
another course preferable ; kveQast at,
to exchange verses or songs,
kvetSandi, f. (i) recitation^ chanting
or singing (fogr var su k. at heyra) ;
(2) rhythin^ flow of a verse (J)6 fegra
{ja^r mjok i k.).
kveSja (kvet5, kvaddi, kvaddr), v.
(1) to call Oft, summon ({>6rvaldr
kvaddi hiiskarla sfna) ; k. e-n e-s, to
request {demand) of one; k. matar,
svefns, to call for food, sleep; k. ser
hljoSs, to call for a hearing; k. lyings,
to convoke a meeting ; k. e-n e-s, to
call on^ su7n7non, one to do something
(voru vdr kvaddir at bera vitni J3at) ;
(2) to welcome^ greet (peir kvoddu
konung) ; of one departing, to bid
farewell, take leave <7/"(hann gengrnu
i brott ok kvedr engan mann); refl.,
kveSjast, to greet one another (l)eir
kvoddust vel) ; (3) with preps., k. e-n
at e-u, to call on a perso?i to ro a
thing, call his attention to (pik kveS
ek at t)essu) ; k. e-n hi. e-u, to exclude
from, deprive of (ek hefi opt menn
fra ccfi kvadda, er eigi vildu hlyc3a
mmum bo5um) ; k. e-n til e-s, to call
071 07ie for a thing [\i. menn til ferSar) ;
k. e-n upp, to call on one to rise (si5an
vaknaSi Haraldr ok kvaddi upp menn
sina) ; to siuninon to ar77is ; siSan
safnafli hann liSi ok kveSr upp al-
menning, after that he gathered 77te7i
and roused the whole country ; k. e-n
lit, to call 07ie out oj the house (hann
kvaddi ut Hoskuld ok Hrut).
kveSja, f. welcome, greeting, saluta-
tio7i (konungr tok kvedju bans).
kvet^ju-boc5, n., -sending, f. greets
i7igfro77i one absent^ co77ip/i7nents.
kve^-skapr, m. poetry ^ verse-
viaki7ig (g63r, illr, -skapr).
kveQa (kvaf (Sa^, v. = kefja,
kveif, f. coif cap, esp. mit)e,
kveiking, if. ki7idling.
kveikja (-ta, -tr), v. (l) to light,
kindle ; k. eld, Ijos, to kindle a fire,
light; (2) fig. to arouse, give rise to
(k. sorg, harm, fjdndskap).
kveikja, f. kindling (ofundar k.),
kveikr, m. wick of a laj7ip.
kvein, n. wailing, la7>ienlation.
kveina (aS), v. to wail, lavient ; k.
um e-t, to complain of {qv her kveinat
um eldiviSarfaeS).
kvein an, f. wailing,
kveinka (a$), v. to co7nplain,
kveinkan, f. la77ientatio7i,
kvein-sa'nligr, a. doleful; -stafir,
m. pi. waitings, la7nentations.
kveisa, f. whitlow, boil (hann hefir
kveisu mikla i foetinum).
kveisu-nagli, m. the core of a boil,
kveld, n. eveni7ig; at kveldi (dags),
at eventide ; 1 k., to-night ; a kveldit,
d kveldum, of an ei'ening, in the eve7i'
ings ; um kveldit, i7t the evening, that
eve7iing.
kvelda (a^), v. impers., kveldar or
daginn tekr at k., eve7ii7ig draws near.
kveld-langt, adv. all the evening
(drekka -langt) ; -ligr, a. pertai7iing
to evefiiug ; -mal, n . eve7itide ; -mal-
tiS, f. supper; -rit5a, f. night-hag^
witch (riding on wolves in the twi-
light); -sei^yf. sitti7?g up late; -sveBfr,
a. i?icli7ied to sleep in the e7>e7iingj
opp. to ' morgunsvsefr ' ; -songr, m.
evenso7ig, vespers (eptir kveldsong um
aptaninn) ; -timi, m. eve7itde.
kvelja (kvel, kvalda, kvaldr and
kvalinn), v. to tor77ient, torture ; refl.,
kveljast, to be tor7nented (k. i vesold).
kveljari, m. to7-77ientor.
kvelling, f. aibitent, ailing,
kvellinga-samr, a. ailing.
kvelli-sjukr, a. ailing, sickly (ekki
hefi ek verit -sjiikr); -sott, f. = kvell-
ing (engar hefi tk -sottarj.
kvendi, n. wo7na7i, pi. womankind.
kvenna-, gen. pi. from ' kona ' ; -dst,
f. wo77ien^ slove; -bunat^r, m. wo7nefi! s
attire ; -far, n. love affairs ; -folk, n.
wo7nen-folk ; -fritSr, m. i77i7nunity of
women ; -griS, n. = -friSr ; -hjal, n.
wo7nen^s gossip ; -hus, n. lady's bower ;
-klaecSna^r, m,fe7nale d7-ess ; -liS, n.
women-folk ; -maSr, m. 07te fond of
women ; -mal. n. pi. love matters ;
-munr, m. distinction of wo7nen ;
-nam, n. abduction, rape ; -raS, n.pl.
women's counsel; -sitSr, m. habits of
KVENNA-SKAP
[254]
KVIKR
women \ -skap, n. women's temper \
-skdli, m. women' s apartment \ -skip-
an, f. placing of the ladies (at a ban-
quet) ; -sveit, f. bevy of wojnen ;
-vagn, m. the Lesser Bear (Ursa
Minor) ; -vist, f. women's abode.
kvenn-borinn, pp. cognate ; -bun-
at5r, m. wo7nen's dress ; -dyr, n.
female beast ; -folk, n. wo7Jien-folk ;
-fugl, m. heti bird\ -hallr, a. inclined
to love, amorous ; -kenna (-da, -dr),
V. to address as a wo?nan ; -kenndr,
^\i.fe?HiniTie', -klas^i, n. pi. woineii's
dress ; -kne, n. cognate lineage ; fe-
male degree of kin ; -kostr, m. good
match (of a woman) ; -kyn, n. female
sex ; -kyrtill, m. woman's kirtle ;
-leggr, m. kindred on the woman' s
side, the cognates ; -liga, adv., -ligr, a.
wojfianl}', womanlike ; -list, {.female
skill; -roaSr, m. woman, opp. to
' karlmaSr ' ; -mannligr, a. wo?nan-
like ; -nytr, a. able to procreate ;
-samliga, adv. lasciviously (m^la kv.
vi6 konu) ; -samr, a. amorous ; -semi,
f. ajnorousness ; -sift, adv. on the
female side ; -skikkja, f. wo7nan's
cloak; -skratti, m. ivicked woman,
termagant ; -skrutSi, m. women's
attire ; -skygn, a. looking after
women ; -skorungr, n\. great (stately)
lady\ -styrkr, a. strong enough for a
womafi ; -svift, adv. = -sift ; -soSull,
m. wotjzan's saddle, side-saddle ;
-umagi, m. female pauper ; -va(5ir,
f. pi. woman's dress, female attire ;
-v61ar, f. pi. wotnati's wiles.
kvenska, f. womanhood, chastity,
kver, n. sheet (folded in a book).
kverk (pi. kverkr), f. (i) the atigle
below the chin (hann tok undir kverkina
ok kyssti hana) ; fig. the inner angle
of an axe-head (undir k. 0xinni) ; (2)
in pi. throat (konungr for hondum
um kverkr sveininum).
kverka-mein, n. bronchitis ; -sott,
f. throat disease; -sullr, m. boil in
the throat, quitisy.
kverk-band, n. string of a cap or
hood, going under the chin.
kvern (pi. -ir), f. (i) quern-stone,
7nillstotie ; (2) quertiy hatidinill (J)ar
sat kona vi6 k.).
kvernar-auga, n. the eye or hole of
a fnill-stone.
kvern-steinn, m. quern-stone, mill-
stone (hjo hann -stein til augans).
kveyking, kveykja, see ' kveiking,
kveikja '.
kvioa, f. narrative poem, ballad.
kvi(5ar-girnd, f. gluttony.
kvi$-biirtSi% m. verdict, or delivery
of the verdict, of neighbours.
kviSja (atS), v. to forbid i^. e-m e-t) ;
refl., kviSjast e-t, to decline, shim.
kvi^lingr (-s, -ar), m. ditty.
kvi$-maSr, m. ^inquest-man' , furor.
kvicSr (-ar ; pi. -ir, ace. -u), m. (i)
verdict (of neighbours) ; bera kvid
um e-t, to give a verdict in a case ;
bera kvi6 i. e-n, 1 m6ti e-m (af
e-m), to give a verdict agai?tst [for,
in favour of) one ; (2) inquest, jury ;
kveSja e-n kviSar, to call {a neighbour)
on an inquest ; ryQja kvidinn, bj66a
til ruSningar um kviSinn, to challenge
the jury ; (3) sayitig, word; k. noma,
the decree of the Fates (kveld lifir
ma6r ekki eptir kviS noma).
kvic5r (-ar ; pi. -ir, ace. -u), m.
(i) belly, abdomen ; (2) womb.
kvi$-s6tt, f. colic ; -sullr, m. boil on
the stomach.
kvic^ugr, 2.. pregfiant.
kviSu-hattr, m. a kind of metre.
kviS-J)roti, m. swelling of the
stomach ; -verkr, m. belly-ache.
kvika, f. (i) the quick (under the
nail or under a horse's hoof) ; (2)
rtmnifig fluid ; yeast ; (3) k. i nosum,
polypus in the fiostrils (?).
kvik-fe, n., -fena($i% m. live stocky
cattle {^pn skalt njota kvikfjdr J)ins).
kvikindi, n. = kykvendi.
kvik-latr, a. quick, lively ; -liga,
adv. briskly ; -ligr, a. brisk, lively.
kvikna (atS), v. (\) to quicken, come
to life (dvergar hofc5u kviknat i mold-
unni, sva sem ma5kar i holdi) ; (2)
to be kindled (eldr kviknarj ; treit
kviknaSi, the tree took fire ; (3) to
revive, get fresh spirit (J)a kviknafii
hestr hans, er fyrr var moQr).
kviknan, f. quickeniftg.
kvikr (ace. -van), a. (1) quick, alive^
living (yfir J)d gotu nddi engi k. kom-
KVIK-SETJA
[255]
KYNDILL
ast) ; skera e-n kvikvan, to dissect
alive \ (2) lively, glad (svi verSr
herrinn k. vi6 J)enna kvitt, at).
kvik-setja (see setja), v. to bury
alive (hann let kviksetja sik) ; -silfr,
n. quicksilver, viercury.
kviku-dropi, m. drop of a fluid.
kvikva, f. = kvika.
kvikva-votSvi, m. the calf of the leg.
kvikvendi, n. a living creature ;
in pi. aftimals, beasts, as opp. to men
(menninir ok kykvendin).
kvinna, f. wonian^ = kona.
kvis, n. mm our, tattle.
kvisa (ac5), v. to gossip, whisper.
kvista (aS), v. (i) to lop off, cut the
branches of (\i. lim, trd) ; peirkvistuSu
{)ar bal mikit, they cut wood for a
large fire ; {2) to cut down (k. menn
ni6r sem hraviQi).
kvistr (-ar ; pi. -ir, ace. -u), m.
twig, branch ; stroke in a letter.
kvist-skoetSr, a. branch-scathing.
kvitta (atS), v. to rzanour, report.
kvittr (pi. -ir, ace. -u), m. loose
rumour, report (sogSu af l)vi slikan
kvitt, sem J)eir hofdu heyrt) ; Ijosta
upp kvitt, to spread reports.
kvittr, a. quit,acg7atted(k. um e-t).
kvittsam.r, a. ready to believe {or
repeat) idle rumours.
kvi (pi. -ar), f. {\) fold, pen (reka fd
i kviar) \ {1) a lane of men gradually
narrowing (also in pi.).
kvia (atS), v. to pen ^ hem in, enclose.
kvia-dyrr, f. pi. gate of a fold\
-garSr, va. pen-wall.
kvitSa (-dda, -tt), v. to feel appre-
hension for (k. e-u or viS e-u).
kvlcSa, f. apprehension, arixiety.
kvitS-bj6c5r, m. dismal foreboding.
kvi(5i, m. = kviSa (hvdrki er l)at
aedra ne kviSi).
kvit5inn, a. anxious, timid, con-
cerned (ef. ' kdtr ok okviSinn ').
kvitSu-staSr, m. cause of fear.
kviga (gen, pi kvigna), {.young cow,
heifer; kvigendi, n. = kviga; kvigr,
m. ycung bullock.
kvisl (pi. -ir), f. (i) branch {of a
tree) ; {i)fork\ {'i)fork of a river \
(4) pedigree of afainily.
kvisla (at5), v. to branch out ; refl.,
kvislast = kvisla (of a tree, lineage,
river, etc.).
kvisla-tr§, n.forked tree.
kvialottr, a. branched, branchy.
kvora (atS), v. = kvdra.
kvaetSa-frotSr, a. knowing many
songs or poe??is by heart.
kvaetS', n. poem, song (yrkja k.).
kvsetSis-laun, n. pi. reward for a
poe7n ; -mynd, i. for77t of a poem.
kv8Bfa (-^a, -Sr), v. = kcefa.
kvsBkla (a$), v. = kvaka.
kvaemt, a. r\. free (for one) to come
(er engum ySrum manni k. f Noreg).
kvsBn, f. = kvdn.
kvaena (-da, -dr), v. to make one
marry ; refl., kvaenast, to take a wife.
kvaendr, kvaentr, pp. married (of
a man) , = kvanga5r.
kv8Bning, i. taking a wife, marriage.
kvotS (gen. kvaSar, pi, kvaSar), f.
(i) claijfi', (2) summo7ii7ig of neigh-
bours (= buakvoSj ; (3) the body of
7ieighbou7's,
kvol (gen, kvalar, pi. kvalar), f.
tor77ient, torture.
kykr, a. = kvikr.
kykvendi, n, = kvikvendi.
kylfa (-da), v. to ai7n ; k. til orSanna,
to hesitate for words.
kylfa, f. club (k. eSa klumba).
kylfu-hogg, n. blow with a club,
kyllir, m. the scrotton.
kylr, m. gust of cold air.
kyn (gen. pi. kynja), n. (l) kin^
kindred (par dtti hann k. hdlft) ;
danskr at kyni, Danish by extraction ;
telja k. sitt til e-s, to clai7n kindred
with ; (2) kind, so7-t, species ; i
skyldasta kyni, of the 77iost befitting
ki7id; 3\\s'kyns, of eve7y ki7id; hvers
kyns, of a7ty ki7id \ margs kyns, of
many kinds', I)ess kyns, of that ki7id',
(3) ge7ider (karl-, kvcnn-kyn).
kyn (gen. pi. kynja), n. wonder
7narvel, portent (pa urc5u morg k. basdi
i draumum ok synum).
kyn-birtr, a., poet, very bright.
kynda (-nda, -ndr), v. to kindle,
light (k. eld, funa, loga, bil, vita).
kyndari, m. kindler.
kyndlU (pi, kyndlar), m. candle,
torch (k. ok kerti).
KYNDIL-ME3SA
[256]
KYRTILS-SKAUT
kyndil-nies3a, f. CandU^naSy the
feast of the purification.
kyndugr, a. guileful, ctmning.
kyndug-akapr, m. guile y iv illness .
k3ni-ferc5, f., -fert5i, n. kifidred,
extraction', -fylgja, f. (l) family
characteristic, peculiarity ; (2) kind,
nature ; (3) kindred.
kyngi, f. knowledge of magic; kyngi
kraptr, 7naglcal power.
kyn-gocSr, a. of good family ; -gof-
ugr, a. of noble extraction.
'k.ynja^v, a., descended, born\ sprung
from a place (hvaSan ertu k.?).
kynja-lauss, a. ' without wonders ',
natural \ er eigi -laust um hann, there
is somelhiftg wrong with him ; -laBti,
n. pi. strange gestures ; -mein, n.
strange illness ; -menn, m. pi.' wonder-
people ', fairies, goblins ; -sott, f. =
-mein; -vetr, m. ^wonder-winter*.
kyn-kvisl, f. lineage, pedigree ;
branch ; -leggr, m. = sett-leggr.
kyn-liga, adv. strangely,
kjmlig-leikr, m. a strange thing.
kyn-ligr, a. strange, wonderful, ex-
traordinary (me6 kynligu moti) ; e-m
g0rist -ligt, one feels strange.
kyn-likr, a. resembling (-likr e-m) ;
-litill, a. of low extraction ; -margr, a.
of various kinds ; -mot, n. {specific)
look or appearance.
kynna (-ta, -tr), v. to 7nake known ;
k. ser e-t, to make ofieself acquaijited
with, study (k. ser kaupskap) ; hverr
mun k. OSS til konungs, who will show
us the way to the king; refl., kynnast,
to become known, come abroad', k.
e-u, to become acquainted with ; e-m
kynnist e-t, one gets acquainted 7u it h ;
k. e-t, lo study (= kynna ser e-t) ; k.
vi3 e-n, /j make acquaintance with one.
kynni, n. (i) way, fashion, nature
(kaupum vel saman, J)at er vina k.) ;
(2) cxffairs, circumstances (J)au ein eru
k. heima at t»in) ; (3) kltidred, kins-
me?i (mer })ykkir sem pu munir eiga
her k.); Glumr var J)rjar n^etr at k.
sinu, with his krjismen ; [^) friendly
visit to a friend or kinsman ; leita
(koma til) kynnis, soekja k., fara d k.,
fara til kynnis, to make a visit ; sitja
at k., to stay on a visit.
kynni-liga, adv. = kunnliga (J)eir
kvoddust kynniliga).
kynning, f. acquaintance with, know-
ledge of{k. e-s).
kynnis-fert5, f. journey on a visit ;
-gjof, f. gift to a visitor ; -leit, -sokn,
f. visit ; -vist, f. stay on a visit.
kyn-rikr, a. of g7-eat extraction,
noble (st6rau3gir ok kynrikir) .
kynsl, n. pi. wonders, strange things.
kyn-sloS, f. kindred, progeny.
kyns-mat$i% m. kinsman, descendant.
kyn-smar, a. of low extraction ;
-smesS, f. low extraction ; -stafr, m.
scion ; -storr, a. of noble extraction.
kjTistr, n. pi. strange, prodigiotis
things ; magical acts or arts.
kyn-stoertS, f. noble extraction ; -saell,
a. blessed with good and great off-
spring ; - vani, a. wantijigin kindred ;
-J)dttr, m. lineage.
kyrS, f. rest, tranquillity ; med k.,
qicietly ; 1 (at, a) kyrSum, /« quiet.
kyrfi-ligr, a. hiwible, fnean.
kyrking, f. choking, strangulation.
kyrkja (-ta, -tr), v. to strangle or
choke (hengdr eSa kyrktr).
kyrpingr (s-, -ar), m. weakling {})
ksrrr, a. ( i) still, quiet, at rest ; halda
vapni kyrru, to hold a weapon at rest ;
sitja um kyrt, to remain quiet ; setjast
um kyrt, to take to rest (in life) ; halda
kyrru fyrir, not to stir', (2) neut.,kyrt,
as 2idiV. gently ; tak ^<i kyrt J^ar d, touch
it gently.
kyrra (-tSa, -tSr), v. to calm, still',
impers., kyrrir sjainn, the sea becomes
calm ; refl,, kyrrast, to become caltn
(en er kyrfiist i. strsetinu).
kyira, f. cahnness, calm (kyrra var
a sjonum).
kyrr-latr, a. calm, peaceful, tranquil;
-leikr, m. tranquillity; -liga, adv.
quietly, calmly ; -ligr, a. calm ; -seta,
f. sitting {living) at rest ; setjast i
-setu, to take rest in life ; hafa -setu,
to have rest; -setja (see setja), v. to
sequester ; -ssBti, n. = -seta.
kyrtill (-s, pi. kyrtlar), m. kirtle,
tujiic (k. ok yflrhofn).
kyrtils-bla$, n. the lap of a kirtle\
-klaetSi, n. cloth for a kirtle ; -lauss, a.
without a kirtle : -skaut, n. = -blad.
KYSSA
[257]
KOTTR
kyssa (-ta, -tr), v. to kiss ; k. d hond
e-m, to kiss one's hand (in homage) ;
recipr., kyssast, to kiss one another,
kyssi-ligr, a.yf/ to be kissed.
kytja, f. hovel, small cottage.
kyla (-da, -dr), v. to fill \ k. vomb
sina (k. sik) d e-u, to fill one^s belly
with ; k. 51, /<? swill ale, drink hard.
kyli, n. boil, abscess ; gripa i. kylinu,
to touch a sore place.
kyll, m. bag; hann bar kyl |>6rs, he
carried Thoi-'s knapsack ; karl ok k.,
beggar and scrip.
kymi-liga, adv. i7t a funny manner ;
-ligr, a. amusing, funny.
kyr (gen. kyr, dat. and ace. ku ; pi.
kyr, gen. kua, dat. kum), f. cow.
kyr-fotSr, n. cow's fodder ; -huS, f.
cow's hide ; -hvalr, m. a kind of whale ;
-lag, n. a cow^s value.
kaekinn, a. ill-mannered,
kaena, f. a kind of boat.
kaBra (-Sa, -Sr), v. (i) to discuss,
debate (peir kaerSu petta um hriQ milli
sin) ; (2) to bring fo7'ward, mention ;
herra R. kasrQi krankleik smxi, pleaded
his illness ; k. vandrasSi sin fyrir e-m,
to disclose one's troubles to one ; (3) /f?
complain of (t)eir kasrSu mjok dhlaup
hans) ; (4) to accuse, make a charge
against one (k. e-n um JjjofnaS) ; k. d
e-n, to lay to one's charge (Sviar
kasrQu mjok d Hd.kon konung, at hann
hafSi brennt Vermaland) ; k. sik, to
co7nplain, murmur (I^egar boendr toku
at kaera sik).
kaera, f. complaint ; murmur.
ksBr-leikr, m. friendly terms, in-
timacy (vera 1 miklum -leik, or -leikum
vid en) ; komast f -leika vi3 e-n, to
ingratiate oneself with one ; -liga,
adv. lovingly, dearly ; -ligr, a. dear^
beloved ; loving.
kflBrr, a. (i) dear^ beloved {V. e-m) ;
(2) ititimate, close (var me3 J)eim hin
kaersta vindtta) ; (3)k. at e-m, fond of
(k. at goSum hestum).
kaersla, f. coniplaittt, = kaera.
kfiBta (-tta, -ttr), v. to gladden ; refl.,
kastast, to be gladdened, rejoice (tok
konungr at k).
kcBti, f. cheerfulness, gladness.
kcBfa (-Sa, -tSr), v. to choke, drown
(|)eir vildu k. hann 1 lauginni) ; k. Ijos,
to quench a light.
koeja, V. to disturb (rare).
koela (-da, -dr), v. to cool.
koeni, f. = koenleikr.
koen-leikr, m. cleverness, sagacity,
-liga, adv. cleverly, skilfully^ -ligr,
a. judicious, prudent.
koenn, a. (i) wise; koenna (gen.pl.)
hverr, every wise man ; (2) skilful,
expert ; k. vi6 e-t, skilful in a thing (k.
vi3 leika, orrostur, allan riddaraskap).
koenska, f. craft, sagacity.
koggull (pi. koglar), m. joint {in
the fingers and toes).
kogla (at$), v. to steal a glance (til
e-s, at 07ie).
k6gur-barn, n. bantling, infant.
kogurr (dat. kogri, pi. kograr), m.
a quilt with fringe, counterpane.
kogur-sveinn, m. = -barn.
kokkr (dat. kekki, pi. kekkir), m.
hc7np, in ' snaskokkr ', snow-ball.
kolsugr, 3.. pert, saucy.
kombottr, a. crested (cf. *kambr').
kdnguU (pi. konglar), m. cluster^
bunch, in * vinberjakongull '.
kongur-vdfa, f. spider.
koppu-steinn, m. boulder,
kopur-mall, a. bantering i -yrt$i,
n. pi. banter.
kor (gen. karar), f. bed {of sickness,
etc.) ; liggja i k., to lie bedridde7i ;
leggjast 1 k., to beco77ie bedridden,
kpr, n. choice, election, = kjor.
kos (gen, kasar), f. heap, pile.
kostr (gen. kastar, dat. kesti ; pi.
kestir, ace. kostu), m. pile (bera
saman 1 kost).
kosungr, m. sleeveless jacket.
kottr (gen. tattar, dat. ketti ; pi.
kettir, ace. kottu), m. cat (s^r kottr-
inn musina ?).
LA9A
[258]
LAND
la^a (aS), v. (l) to bid, invite (1.
gesti) ; (2) to lead (I. menn til eilifiar
Scelu) ; (3) refl., Ia6ast, to be drawn
(laSast allir til Broddhelga).
latS-or(5, n. invitation ; t)iggja -or3
at e-m, to accept an invitation,
lac5runn, m. robber.
lafa (lafi, laf Sa, lafat), v. to hang
loosely, dangle.
laft$i, f. lady (l)u ert vix lafSi).
laf-hraBddr, a. quaking with fear.
lag, n. (i) stratum^ layer \ {2) due
place, right position ; leggja styri i 1.,
to ship the rudder ; ganga 6r lagi, to
go wrong ; foru nu brynn bans 1 1.,
his brows becajne smooth and straight'^
koma lagi d e-t, to put to rights, get a
thing into order ; komast vel i 1., to
fall into good order ; (3) companion-
ship, fellowship, leggja (binda) saman
1. sitt, to enter into fellowship', (4)
living together (hann rdSst til lags viQ
Beru) ; (5) cohabitation-, eiga 1. vi3
konu, to cohabit; (6) market price,
tax ; leggja 1. a varning manna, to
set or regulate the market price ; (7)
thrust, stab (with a knife, sword, or
spear) ; (8) air, tune ; (9) adverbial
phrases ; i tvennu lagi, in two parts,
double ; f ollu lagi, in every respect,
quite ; f sumu (morgu) lagi, in so?ne
{many) respects; with compar. or
superl., denoting degree; f meira lagi,
considerably, rather; i fyrra lagi,
rather early, amo?ig the earliest ; i
verra lagi, among the worst; 1 hljodara
lagi, rather silent; 1 nasrra lagi, rather
close; J)ann dag svaf Unnr 1 lengra
lagi, U. slept that day longer than she
was wont; Helias var 1 fyrsta lagi
spdmanna, H. was otie of the first of
prophets ; 1 elzta lagi sona hans,
ainongthe oldest of his sons ; minnsta
lag, the least share.
laga (aS), v. to prepare, jnake ready
(lagat var drykkju).
laga-, gen. pi. from 'log' ; -afbrigSi,
n. breach of law ; -beizla, f. lawful
demand; -boS, n. statute; -bok, f.
law-book, ^\o'^6\i ; -bijotr, m. law-
breaker ; -brot, n. breach of law ;
-eiSr, m. lawful oath, — logeiSr;
-fr6tt, f. legal inquiry ; -grein, f.
article of law ; -gaszla, f. maintenance
of the law ; -hald, n. keeping of the
law ; -hellur, f. pi. the tables of the
law ; -kaup, n. legal bargain ; -kvdn-
fang, n. lawful marriage; -lyritr, m.,
-lyritti, n. lawftil protest ; -lostr, m.
evasion of law; -ma^r,m. 7nan of law,
lawyer; -orskurSr, m. legal decision ;
-prof. n. legal proof \ -ratting, f. law-
mending; -r6ttr, m. legal, personal
right ; -setning, f. legislation ; -skil-
natSr, m. legal divorce ; -skipan, f.
( I ) legislatio?i ; (2 ) ordering of the law;
-skipti, n. change of law ; -vegr,
m. lawful course.
Iagt5r, m. titft of wool (uUar-lagQr)
or hair (roggr eSa lagSr).
lag-klauf, f. the pastern (of sheep).
lag-liga, adv. fneetly, handsomely ;
-ligr, a. meet, fit (-ligr skilnaSr).
lagnar-, gen from * logn ' ; -skip, n.
-skuta, f. a boat for net-fishing.
lags-kona, f. concubine ; -maSr, m.
companion, comrade.
lag-vdpn, n. weapon for thrusting
or stabbi?ig (opp. to ' hoggv^pn ').
laki, m. third stoinach ifi rutninating
animals (feljottr sem laki).
lakr, a. (i) lacking in quality (t)at li6,
sem lakast var); {2) deficient (in weight).
lamb, n. lamb.
lambaSr, pp. with lamb, = lembdr.
lam^b-burtSr, m. lambing; -hagi, m.
pasture for lambs; -hus, n. pi. lamb
sheds ; -lauss, a. without a lajnb ;
-skinn, n. lafnb's skin (in Mamb-
skinns-kofri') ; -mv, f. ewe with lamb.
lami, a. lame, maimed.
lamning, f. thrashing.
lampi, m. lamp.
land, n. (i) latid, opp. to sea ; lands
eQa lagar, on land or sea ; taka 1., to
la?td; nema 1., to take land as a
settler ; (2) the {opposite) bank (of a
river, bay, fjord) ; inn me6 63ru landi
ok oQru ut, in along one side and out
along the other ; (3) country (verja
IiANDA-
[259J
LANDS-NYTJAR
landit fyrir Donum) ; lit i lond, tnfo
foreigft lands ; (4) land^ estate (i landi
annars manns).
landa-, gen. pi. from 'land'; -brigSi,
n, redemption of land \ -eign, f. land-
owning'^ -fundr, m. discovery of new
lands ; -leit, f. exploration^ voyage of
discovery ; -merki, n. pi. boundaries
(of an estate) ; -maBri, n. borderland,
boundary^ -ripting,f.=landa-brig6i;
-skipan, f. geography ; -skipti, n. (i)
division of land \ (2) boundary, (3)
exchange of land.
land-au§n, f . depopulation, devasta-
tion; -aurar, m. pi. ^ land'dites\ a
tax which Icelanders had to pay to
the king on their arrival in Norway ;
a land tax had also to be paid for li-
cence of travelling or trading abroad ;
-borSi, m. the * landward ' side ;
-brigS, f. = landa-brig6i ; -bui, m.=
landsbui; -eigandi, m. land-owner;
-eign, f. estate; -ekla, f. lack of land;
-eytSa, f. *• land-waster^ (the name of
a standard) ; -fastr, a. * land-fast ' ;
verda -fastr, to reach the land, arrive ;
-festar, f. pi. shore-ropes, moorings ;
-jlotti, z.. fled from the land; -flsBmdr,
pp. driven out of the land, exiled;
-fuss, a. eager to make the land (of
sailors) ; -ganga, f. landing, disem-
barki?ig; -gangr, va. running ashore
(of shoals of fish) ; -gaezla, f. defence
of the land', -hallt, adv. keepi7ig
along the shore (fara, sigla -hallt) ;
-herr, m. {l) people of the land; (2)
land troops; -hlutr, m. the land-
owner's share ; -hreinsan, f. clearing
the land of miscreants.
landi, m. (one's) countryman (landar
vdrir) ; Icelander {= morlandi).
land-kaup, n. purchase of land;
-kostr, m. the quality of the land;
-konnuSr, m. a settler's mark ;
-menn, m. pi. = landsmenn ; -munr,
m. home-sickness, nostalgia ; e-m leika
-munir, one feels homesick ; -ndm, n.
taking possession of land as settler,
settlement.
landndma-bok, f . the history of the
settlement (of Iceland); -maSr, m.
settler ; -ti5, f., -timi, m. the time of
the settlement.
landndms-kona, f. female settler*^
-mat5r, m. settler (Ingolfr var fraegastr
allra landnamsmanna).
land-nortSr, n. north-east, opp. to
' utnorSr ' ; -nyrSingr, m. north-east
wind; -ra$, n. pi. (i) government of
the land {hann var fyrir ollum -rddum) ;
(2) high treason.
landratSa-ma^r, m. (i) governor;
(2) traitor.
land-rdn, n. the harrying of a land;
-reki, m. poet, protector of the land,
king; -rognir, m. poet, prince, king.
Iands-au5n, f. depopulation of a
land ; -brigS, f. = landabrigSi ;
-bruni, m. destruction of the land
by fire; -bu, n. «= -byg6; -bui, m.
(i) inhabita7it ; (2) tefiant ; -bygS, f.
(l) the peopled land; (2) tenantry;
-boetr, f. pi. improvements in a land;
-deild, {.partition of land; -drottinn,
m. landlord; -endi, m. land's end.
land-seti, m. tenant; -seyra, n.
general faniine.
lands-fjorSungr, m. quarter of the
land (of Iceland) ; -flotti, m. exile,
banish77ient ; -folk, n. the -people {in-
habitants) of aland; -fri^r, m. public
peace ; -gaBzla, f. guarding or defence
ofthela7id\ -herr, m. = -folk ; -horn,
n. the la77d's e7id.
landshorna-maSr, m. landlouper,
lands-hof $ingi, m. great chief of the
land (hann barSist 1 mot -ingjum).
land-skatSi, m. da77iage to the land\
-skapr, m. cust07n of the land {sakiT
-skapar ok fornrar venju) ; -skekill,
m. out skirt of land; -skipan, f. (i)
govern7ne7it of a land; (2) = landa-
skipan ; -skipti, n. = landsskipti ;
-skjalfti, m. earthqtiake ; -skortr, m.
lack of land.
lands-kostr, m. (i) possession of
la7id; (2) quality of the land.
land-sky Id, f. re7it of land.
lands-lag, -leg, n. nature {physical
conditions) of aland; -leiga, f. land
rent ; -lytSr, m. = -f61k ; -log, n. pi.
law of the land, public law ; -maor,
m. inhabitant {7iative) of a country ;
-megin, n. the 7nain power oj the land
(as to strength or area) ; -mugr, m.
the common people ; -nytjar, f. pi.
LANDS-OFRINQI
[260]
liANG-VIST
produce of the land', -ofringi, m. land-
louper] -r6ttr, m. the law of the land,
public law ; -sitSr, m. custom of the
land', '^^oXtVyVCi. land tax', -skipan,
f. = -sidr ; -skipti, n. division of land;
-skyld, f. = landskyld ; -stjorn, f. =
landstjorn.
land-stjorn, f . government ; -sutSr,
n. south-east, opp. to ' utsuQr '.
lands-van, f. = landvdn ; -venja,
f. = -si6r ; -virtSing, f. taxation of
land', -vist, f. right or pertnission to
reside in a land.
land-synningr, m. south-east wi7id ;
-syn, f. sight of land', i -syn, in sight
of larid ; or -syn, out of sight of land ;
-taka, f. taking land, landing; -tjald,
n. land tent ; -vanr, a. acquainted
with the country ; -vdn, i, prospect of
reaching land.
landvarnar-rc at$r, m. a man en-
trusted or charged with the defence of
the country against ifivaders.
land-vegr, m. a way by land, opp.
to * sjovegr ' ; fara -veg, to travel by
land] -vitSri, n. land wind; -vasrt,
a. n., eiga -vasrt, to have residence
in a country open to one ; -vasttr, f .
guardiajt spirit of a country ; -vorn,
f. defence of the land.
langa (atS), v. to long for ; impers.,
mik langar til e-s, / long for a thing.
langa (gen. 16ngu), f. Ii7tg (fish).
langa-fasta, f. the long fast. Lent]
-frjddagr, m. Good Friday.
lang-asa, m. longitudinal beam,
opp. to ' pvertrd ' ; -bakki, m., in the
phrase, skjota e-u i -bakka to put off ;
-bekkr, m. long bench (along the side
of the hall), opp. to ' l)verbekkr ' ;
-eldar, m. pi. long fires (along the
middle of the hall) ; -ermar, f, pi.
long sleeves ; -fetSgar, m. pi. ancestors
on the father' s side.
langfetSga-tal, n., -tala, f. list or
roll of ' langfedgar *, pedigree ; -83tt,
f. the lineage of * langfedgar ' (from
father to son).
lang-fe$r, m. pi. = -feSgar.
lang-fer$, f. long journey.
langferSa-maSr, m.fir traveller.
lang-frami, m. lasting fame ;
-foettr, a. long-legged; -fdr, f «=
-fer5; -hdlsacSr, a. long-necked;
-hendr, a. long-handed; -hyggja, f.
long-suffering; -hofSaSr, a. long-
beaked (of a ship) ; -knakkr, m. long
bench ; -lega, f. long stay (of a
weather-bound ship) : -leggr, m. the
long leg, shank ; -lei^i, n. long dis-
tance ; -leitr, a. long-faced ; -li^inn,
pp. ^ long gone^ ; eptir -li6it, after a
long time ; -liga, adv.y^r a long time
past ; -lifi, n. long life, longevity ;
-lifr, a. long-lived; -loka, f. a kind of
eight-lifted verse; -minnigr, a. (i)
having a lon^ mejnory ; (2) long to be
remembered; -mselgi, f., -maBli, n.
long-winded talk ; -maeltr, pp. long-
spoken, long-winded; -ne^atSr, a.
long-ftosed; -nitSjar, m. pi. descend-
ing lineage on the father' s side ; -orf,
n. long scythe-handle ; -pallr, m. dais
along the hall.
langr, a. (i) long, of space and time
(langt sverd, long stund) ; (2) neut.,
langt, long, far, distant ; J)eir ^ttu eigi
langt til eyjarinnar, they had no
long distance to the island; (3) e-m
er langt at e-m, 07ie is interested in a
person ; hvat er y6r langt at pessum
monnum, what interest do you take in
these men ? ; (4) long, wearisoffie (J)er
mun langt pykkja her d heidinni).
lang-reitS, f. long ride; -rsBki, n.
rancour, unforgiving spirit ; -raskr,
a. unforgiving ; -roetSa, f. long talk ;
-roeor, a. long-winded; -skepta, f.
long-shafted spear; -skeptr, pp. long-
shafted; -skip, n. long ship, war
ship (l)ar Idgu langskip morg).
langskipa-menn, m. pi. the crew of
a long ship.
lang-skor, f. the lower hem of a tent;
-statSinn, pp. of old date, long-stand-
ing ; -stoll, m. long seat ; -streoti, n.
long street ; -synn, a. far-sighted;
-sasi, ^.far sight; -sasr, a. = -synn ;
-talac5r, pp. lo7ig-spoken ; -utSigr, a.
= -raskr ; -vari, m. lo7tg duration ;
til -vara, to last lo7ig; -vaxinn, pp.
loftgish ; -v6, n. guille7}iot, sea-hen ;
-vitSri, n. lo7tg-contimied weather;
-vinr, m. a friend of long standing;
-vist, f. long stay ; -vistum, as adv.
staying lo7ig (vera -vistum e-s staSar) ;
LANG-^D
[261]
liAUS-HUGADR
-astS, f. long duration ; -eBliga, adv.
for a long time ; -aaligr, a. long-last-
ing'^ -8er, a. = -ccligr (-asr fri6rj.
lasinn, a., las-meyrr (-maerr), a.
weak, feeble, decrepit.
last, n. bhune, vituperation.
lasta (a?S), v. /"<? bla?ne, speak ill of.
lasta-, gen. pi. from * lostr ' ; -fullr,
2i. faulty, depraved {-iuWi lif) ; -lauss,
2i. faultless, guileless.
lastan, f. reproach, blajne.
lastanar-or?5, n. pi. words of blame.
lastan-ligr, a. reprehensible.
last-autSigr, a. vicious, evil', -ligr,
a. disparagi7ig', -maBli, n. pi. slander ;
-samr, a. slanderous-, -varliga, adv.
without g2iilt or sin; -varr, 2.. guilt-
less, virtu Otis', -veri, f. righteousness.
lata (a5), v. impers., e-m latar, one
becomes slow, slackens ; dlinu latar,
the snow-storm abates.
latina, f. Latin {language).
latinu-bok, f., -br6f, n., -dikt, n.
Latin book, document, co7)iposition ;
-klerkr, m., -laBrtSr, pp. Latin clerk,
scholar; -matJr, m. ( i) Latin, Roman ;
(2) Latin scholar, Latinist ; -mdl, n.
= -tunga ; -skdldskapr, m. Latin
poetry, -stafrof, n. Latin alphabet;
-tunga, f. Latin tongue.
lat-liga, adv. slowly y ttegligently.
latr, a. slow, lazy.
latun, n. latten, brass.
lau^r, n. (i) lather-, {2) froth, foam
of the sea (alda lau6ri faldin).
lauf, n. leaf, foliage.
laufa-drattr, m. ejnbroidery repre-
senting leaves.
laufgatSr, pp. leafy, covered with
leaves (masrSar timbr m^li laufgat).
laufgast (at5), v. to come into leaf,
put forth leaves.
lauf-grcBnn, a. leaf-green, verdant ;
-segl, n. ; sigla med -segli, to take
things easy ; -skd,li, m. arbour, bower-,
-steindr, pp. leaf-dyed, «= -groenn;
-vitSr, m. leafy wood.
laug (-ar, -ar), f. (i) bath ; (2) hot
spring (fyrir sunnan ana eru laugar).
lauga I ac5), v. to bathe (kona laugaSi
barn sitt) ; refl., laugast, to bathe,
take a bath (laugadist konungr i ^nni
Jordan).
laugar- aptann, m. Saturday evew
ing ; -dagr, m. Saturday ; -kveld, n.
= -aptann ; -morginn, m. Saturday
morning', -ndtt, f. Saturday night
(the night between Saturday and Sun-
day) ; -vatn, n. bathing water.
lauka-gar^r, m. leek-garden.
laukr (-S, -ar), m. leek, garlic.
laun, n, pi. reward, recompense.
laun, f. secrecy, concealment ; d {or
me3) laun, secretly.
laun-barn, n. natural child ; -blot,
n. secret worship of the gods ; -dyrr,
f. pi. secret doorway ; -festar, f. pi.
secret betrothal ; -fundr, m. secret
meeting-, -getinn, pp. illegitimate,
natural-, -kdrr, a. dealing in secrets.
7nysterious ; -kona, f. concubine;
-koss, m. secret kiss; -ma^r, m.a
hidden {sham) person ; -maeli, n. pi.
secret talk; -rao, n. secret device ; -sdt,
f. atnbush ; -sdtt, f. secret agreement;
-stefna, f. = -fundr ; -stigr, m. secret
path ; -stuldr, m. pilfering, theft
-saett, f. = -sdtt ; -tal, n. secret talk
launung, f. concealment, secrecy
af (d, me6) launungu, secretly.
laun-vdgr, m. hidden creek ; -vig,
n. secret manslaughter; -{)ing, n. =
-fundr, -stefna.
laupr (-S, -ar), m. (i) basket, box;
(2) the framework of a biiihiing.
lausa-brullaup, n. improvised wea-
ding; -but$, f. extemporized booth;
-eyrir, m., -f(6, n. movable property,
chattels; -Q61, f. loose board; -goz, n.
= -fe ; -kjor, n. pi. loose conditions,
void bargai?i ; -klofi, m. diphthong ;
-klaetSi, n. pi. loose {outer) garments;
-ma^r, m. able-bodied labourer who
has no fixed home ; -mjotSm, f. a trick
with the hip iti wrestling; -snjor, m.
loose snow ; -taug, f. loose {reserve)
strap ; -viSr, m. loose logs, planks ;
-visa, f. a s.ngle verse (not forming
part of a poem).
Iaus-beizla6r, pp. loose-bridled \
-eygr, a. with unsteady eyes ;
-gefjatSr, -ge(5r, a. fickle-minded;
-gryttr, a. with loose pebbles ; -gyrSr,
pp. loose-girthed, without a belt;
-harr, a. with loose {flowing) hair;
-hugac5r, a. = -gedjaQr.
LAUSINGI
[262]
IiAt
lausingi (pi. -jar), m. ■= leysingi.
laus-leikr, m. looseness ; -liga, adv.
loosely ; -ligr, a. loose, unsteady ;
-lyndi, n. looseness of mind, fickle'
ness ; -Iseti, n. = -lyndi ; -mdll, a.
loose or unreliable of speech ; -mselgi,
f. looseness of speech ; -msBli, n. pi.
breach of word.
lausn (-ar, -ir), f. (l) release, libera-
tion ; (2) ransom ; (3) absolution from
ban or sin (hann tok lausn af sjalfum
pdfanum) ; (4) release froin a duty ;
(5) decision, judgement (segja fram
lausnir mdla) ; eiga lausn i. mail, to
decide in a case.
lausnari, m. the Redeemer.
lausnar-mark, n. badge of redemp-
tion ; -titSindi, n. pi. loose news.
laus-or5r, a. = -mdll.
lauss, a. (l) loose, opp. to 'fastr',
* bundinn * (h6n hafdi laust hdrit sem
meyjum er titt) ; verSa 1., to get loose ;
eldr vard 1., fire broke out ; lata e-t
laust, to let loose, yield tip ; Hggja
laust fyrir, to be easy to seize upon ;
(2) free, unimpeded, unencumbered
(gakk l)u 1. yfir bruna) ; ri6a 1., to ride
without baggage ; (3) disengaged
{free) from, with gen. (vit erum
lausir allra svardaga) ; (4) void, not
binding (nu er laus veSjan okkar) ;
(5) vacant (viljum ver gefa ySr Olafs-
kirkju, pvi at hon er nu laus) ; (6)
light (1. svefn) ; (7) empty, without a
cargo (sigla lausum skipum) ; (8)
movable ; lond ok lausir aurar, lands
and movable property ; (9) absolved
from ban ; (10) in compds. mostly
suffixed to a subst., often in gen.,
-less (mein-, sak-, vit-lauss, athuga-,
au6nu-, lyta-lauss).
laus-toekr, a. easily taken.
lausung, f. (i) ^leasing*, lying, false-
hood', (2) loose life, life of a libertine.
lausungar-fullr, a. thotcghtless, in-
considerate; -guS, n. false god;
-kona, f. loose woman ; -matSr, m.
libertine ; -ortJ, n. deceit.
laus-yrtSi, n. and f. loose {unreliable)
talk (lausyrSi ok lygi).
laut, f. hollow place.
lax (pi. laxar), m. salmon.
lax-d, f. salmon river \ -ganga, f.
shoals of salmon entering rivers ;
-veitSr, f. salmon-fishing.
laz, n. lace (for. word).
laza (aS), v. to adorn with lace.
Id (pi. lar), f. the line of shoal water
along the shore.
la^, n. poet. land.
ldS-mat$r, m. loadsman, pilot.
lafi, m. threshing fioor J barn floor,
lag, f. a felled tree, log.
laga-messa, f., -songr, m. the ^ low
chant' (in the Roman Catholic Mass).
Id-gartSr, m. the surf{zi. 'id'j.
Idg-lendi, n. low land, flat land ;
-liga, adv. lowly, gently; -ligr, a.
low in stature; -maeltr, pp. low-
spoken, lozv-voiced.
lagr (Isegri, laegstr), a. (i) low, low
down (t)a er sol er Idg um kveldit) ;
bera Idgt hofuSit, to carry the head
loWy be discotnfited ; fara lasgra, to be
lowered, humbled; (2) short (hogg-
spjot i. lagu skafti), short of stature
(Idgr sem dvergr ok digr) ; (3) low,
humble (lagr at burSum) ; bera lasgra
hlut, to get the worst of it, be worsted ;
(4) lotv, of the voice (hann svarar ok
heldr ligt).
lag-raustaSr, a. low -voiced;
-skeptr, pp. with a short handle ;
-tala(5r, pp. speakitig in a low voice ;
-vaxinn, pp. short of stature,
lamr, m. hand, paw.
Idn, n. (l) loan ; at lani, as a loan ;
hafa at lani, to get on credit; {'2)flef;
hafa at Mni = hafa at leni.
lana (aS), v. to lend (petta er Mnsfe,
er ymsir menn hafa Idnat m^r).
lanar-drottinn, m. liege-lord, lord,
7naster (hann jDOtti vel hafa fylgt
sinum lanardrottni).
lan-f(§, n. lent {borrowed) money;
-hross, n. borrowed horse; -klaetJi,
n. pi. borrowed clothes,
lans-f6, n. = \ixii€.
Ids-bogi, m. crossbow,
Ids-lauss, a. unlocked.
Idss (pi. lasar), m. lock ; hurfiin var
{ Idsi, the door was locked.
las-6r, f. crossbow bolt.
Idt, n. (i) loss ({)eir s6g5u konungi 1.
sitt) ; (2) death, decease (ek segi l)^r
1. Eyvjndar broSur J)ins) ; (3) in pL
lilTA
[263]
LEQATI
manners ; skipta litum ok latum, to
change colour and manners.
lata (l£8t ; 16t, letum : latinn), v.
{\) to set, put. place (1. best a stall) ; 1.
e-n 1 myrkvastofu, to ilirust in priso?i
{dungeon) ; 1. e-t i Ijos, to male it
knoivn ; 1. e-t af e-u, to take off {\6\m
l^d latnir fjotrar af Hallfredi); (2) to
cede, give vp (hann vildi eigi 1. f)enna
best) ; 1. hint sinn, to let go one's
share, be worsted ; (3 ! to leave ^ for-
sake (bi3r hann, at t^eir l^ti blotin) ;
hann cCtlaSi at 1. drottningina eina,
he intended to divorce the queen ; (4)
to lose (hann hafc5i Idtit flest allt lio
ok herfang allt) ; also with dat. (1. lifi,
fjorvi) ; (5) with intin. to let, make,
cause ; latit mik vita, let me know ;
ek let drepa t>6ri, / jnade Th. to be
killed', 1. ser fdtt um finnast, to dis-
approve ; hann let fallast ( = sikfalla),
he let himself fall ] (6) with pp., in
circumlocutory phrases ; hann let
ver6a farit, he went ; hann let hana
verSa tekna, he seized her', ellipt.,
omitting the infin., 1. um maslt, to let
be said, to declare ; hann let harSan
Hunding veginn, he slew the stark H. ;
(7) to behave, comport oneself {ior\\\.m
er mer d. hversu J)eir Mta) ; hann let
ilia i svefni, he was restless in his
sleep', 1. allstorliga, to niake oneself
big', 1. hljott yfir e-u, to keep silence
about a thing ; 1. mikit um sik, to piff
oneself up ; (8) 1. sem, to make as if
(hann Isetr sem hann sjdi ekki svein-
ana) ; (9) to estimate, value (fatt er
betr Idtit en efni eru til) ; (10) to ex-
press, say (f>orfinnr bondi let heimilt
skyldu t»at) ; (11) to sound, give a
sound; hdtt kveSi per, en {do let ha^rra
atgeirrinn, jK^z/ speak loud, but yet the
bill gave a louder soimd] (12) with
preps. ; 1. af e-u, to leave off, desist
from (sumir letu af blotum) ; absol.,
1. af, to cease ; 1. af hendi, to let out of
one's hands, deliver tip ; 1. fe af, to
kill {slaughter) cattle ; 1. aptr, to shut
(1. aptr hurSina) ; 1. at ^-m, to yield to,
comply with (allir jDeir, er at minum
orSum Idta) ; 1. at stjorn, to obey the
helm (of a ship) ; 1. e-t eptir, to leave
behind (peir letu menn eptir at gccta
skipa) ; 1. eptir e-m, to mimic, ape
(mun Gi'sli hafa Idtit eptir fiflinu) ; 1.
e-t eptir e-m, to grant, ijidulge one in
a thing {\iX Jjii petta eptir mer) ; 1.
fyrir e-u, to give way, yield (beir
munu verda fyrir at 1., ef ver leggjum
skoruliga at) ; 1. f haf, to put out to
sea ; 1. e-t 1 mot e-m, not to indulge
one ; 1. e-t til, to grant (heimt mun
brdtt hit meira, ef {jetta er til L^tit) ;
1. til vi5 e-n, to yield {give way) to ofie
({3eir bcit5u hann til 1. vi5 konung) ; 1.
undan e-m, to yield to one (ek skal
hvergi undan per 1.) ; 1. upp, to open
(1. upp huic); ; to let one get up (eptir
pat let K. penna mann upp) ; 1. e-t
uppi, to giant (ertu saklauss, ef pu
liEtr uppi vistina) ; 1. e-t ut, to let out'y
1. ut (skip sitt), to put to sea (sidan
letu peir ut ok sigldu til Noregs) ; 1.
vel (ilia) yfir e-u, to express approval
[disapproval] of a thing (hann laetr
vel ylir pvi) ; (13) refl., latast, to die,
perish (her hefir Idtist Njdll ok Berg-
pora ok synir peirra allir j ; to declare
of oneself , profess, pretend (allir letust
honum fylgja vilja).
latat$r, a. ma7ir,ered (1. vel).
lat-bragS, n. bearing, manners j
deportmeftt ', -gob'r, well-mannered,
cottrteous ; -goetSi, n. fine manners.
latinn, pp. (i) deceased, dead; (2)
vel 1., highly esteetned, in good repute ;
(3) 1. vi6 e-u, ready, vel fyrir 1., well
prepared.
lat-pruSr, a. of gentle bearing.
-latr, a. -matinered, -minded (fi-,
litil-, marg-, mikil-ldtr).
latrast (acS), v. refl. to go to rest.
lat-CB^i, n. bearing, deportment.
lavarSr, (-s, -ar), m. lord, master.
le (dat. and ace. ]jd ; pi. Ijar), m
scythe (peir hjuggust me5 Ijam).
16-barn, n. infant, baby.
le-denging, f. scythe-sharpening.
leSr, n. skin^ leather; -blaka, f.
bat ; -flaska, f. leather bottle ; -hosa,
f. leather hose ; -panzari, m. leather
jacket (as a defence).
leg, n. burial-place, = legstaSr.
lega, f. lying in bed,
le-garSr, m. swath,
legati, m. {papal) legate.
LEQQJA
[264]
IiEQQJA
leggja (legg, lagtSa, lagi^r, lagSr,
laginn), v. (i) to lay, place (Mdr
hafSi lagt hofuS sitt i knd Rannveigar) ;
1. net, to lay a net ; (2) to put ; 1. eld 1,
to put fire to ; 1. soSul a best, to put a
saddle on a horse ; 1. drar upp, /"<? /^j/
«/ the oars^ give tip pullhig ; 1. ofan
segl, to haul down, take in the sails ;
1. at jorSu, at velli {or vi6 jorSu, vi5
velli), to overthrozu, slay, kill] 1. hlut
sinn, to lose one's lot, be worsted', (3)
to lay, drop, of a beast (hvelparnir, er
eigi voru lagSir) ; (4) to lay, make,
build', 1. garSa, to make fences ', (5)
to appoint, fix (1. stefnu, leika, bar-
daga) ; (6) to tax, value (hann lagSi
hdlft landit fyrir sex tigi silfrs) ; 1. e-n
ugildan, to award no fine for, put no
price on ; 1. at lettu, to make light of',
(7) to settle ; 1. sakar, to settle strife ;
1. log, to lay down laws', 1. leiS sina,
to take a direction ; hann lagQi mjok
kv^mur si'nar i Ogr, he was in the
habit of coining often to O. ; (8) to
allots assign (per mun lagit verSa at
vera einvaldskonungr yfir Noregi);
hvat mun til likna lagt Sigiir6i, what
comfort is there appointed for S.f;
l>6r var lengra lif lagit, a longer life
was destiftedfor thee ; (9) to lay out,
pay, discharge ; 1. at ve3i, to give as
bail ; 1. d hasttu, to risk ; 1. i. mikinn
kostnaS, to run into great expefises ;
1. lif d, to stake one's life on a thiitg ;
1. fd til hofu6s e-m, to set a price on
one's head ; {\o) to lay a ship's course,
sta7id ofi'or on, sail, absol., or the ship
in dat. or ace, let hann bldsa her-
bldstr ok 1. ut or hofninni, and sailed
out of the harbour ; 1. at, to land
(lagdi hann at vid Sund61fssta6i) ; in
a naval battle, to attack (logSu J)eir
J)d at peim) ; 1. undir land, to stand
in towards land', fig. to give in', 1.
(skip) f r^tt, to drift or run before the
wind ; {i\) to set off, start ; 1. a flotta,
to take to flight ; 1. eptir e-m, to pursue ;
1. upp, to start on a jotirney ', (12) to
stab, thrust, with a weapon (f>. leggr
hann spj6ti til bana) ; (13) impers.
it turns, is driven in a direction (of
smoke, smell, fire) ; hingat leggr allan
reykinn, all the smoke blows hither'
ward', to freeze over^ be covered with
snow or ice (J)a er isa lagSi i. votn) ;
1. nasr, to be on the brink of', naer
lagdi J)at ufoeru einu sinni, // had well
7iigh come to a disaster', (14) with
preps. ; 1. e-t af, to cede, give up (H.
broSir bans lagSi af vi3 hann sinn
part i eyjunni) ; to leave off, desist
from (legg af heSan af versagord,
sag3i erkibiskup) ; 1. af f^nad, to
slatighter cattle ; 1. e-t aptr, to give
back, return (bkSu mik leggja aptr
taflit) ; 1. at, 1. at landi, to land', 1. at
e-m, to attack ; 1. e-t d e-n, to impose,
lay (a burden, tax) upon one (1. skatt,
skyldir, yfirbot i. e-n) ; 1. e-t i. vid
e-n = 1. e-t d, e-n ; 1. stund, kapp, hug
d e-t, to take pains abottt, great in-
terest in, a thing', 1. dst, elsku, maetur
d e-t, to feel love, affection, iitterest
for a thing, to cherish a thing or
person ; 1. fseS, ofund, hatr d, to take
dislike, envy, hatred to ; 1. moti e-m,
to oppose, contradict one ; 1. e-t til, to
furnish, contribute, as one's share
(hvern styrk hefir m63ir mm til lagit
me3 l^^r ?) ; 1. fatt til, to say little, be
reserved', 1. lof til, to give praise to ;
1. gott (illt) til e-s, to lay a good {or
ill) word to one, to interfere in a
friendly {or unfriendly) manner', 1.
e-t til lofs e-m, to put a thijig to a
person's credit ; 1. e-t til orSs, to talk
about ; 1. e-m e-t til dmaslis, ords, to
blame one for a thing; 1. e-t undir or
undir sik, to conquer, vanquish (Knutr
konungr lagSi allt land undir sik 1
Noregi) ; 1. e-t undir e-n, to submit a
viatter to a person, 7'efer to (J)eir hofSu
lagit mdl undir Njdl) ; 1. undir triinaS
e-s, to trust', ok er pat mjok undir
hann lagit, it depends mzich on him ;
1. e-t undir pegnskap sinn, to assert on
one's honour ; 1. e-t upp vi6 e-n, to
hand over to one ; 1. e-t eigi langt
upp, not to make much of, to make
light of {€\g\ legg ek slikt langt upp) ;
1. e-t vi6 e-t, to add to (1. a3ra tolu
viS aSra) ; 1. vid lif sitt, hofud sitt, to
stake one's life ; 1. vid sekt, to fix a
fine ; (15) refl., leggjast, to lay oneself \
1. nidr, to lie down ; to pass out of use,
cease ; peir hofdu lagizt til svcfns, they
LEQGJA-
[265]
LEIDIWa
were gone to sleep \ 1. f sott, to fall
sick, take to bed [hom. illness) ; 1. i. e-t,
to fall upon (of robbers, beasts of
prey) ; 1. d, to arise (mun sd. orSromr
4 1m at) ; 1. fyrir, to take rest, lie down
(logSust {)a fyrir bseSi menn ok hestar
af uviQri) ; fyrir 1. um e-t, to give it up ;
1. or 1. til sunds, to swim (Grettir lag-
5ist nu inn i. fjorSinn) ; 1. i hernad,
viking, to set out on a freelooiing ex-
peditio7i ; 1. ut, to set out into the
wilderness (as a highwayman) ; 1. e-t
eigi undir hofu6, not to lay it under
one's pillow, not to neglect or forget it ;
eigilagSist mjok i. meo J)eim brceSrum,
they were not on good tertns; litit
leggst fyrir e-n, one has but a poor
destiny (litit lagSist nu fyrir kappann,
pvi at hann kafnadi i stofureyk sem
hundr) ; recipr., 1. hendr i, to lay
hands on one another; 1. hugi i., to take
a liking for each other ; 1. naer, to run
close tip to one another (of two boats).
leggja-, gen. pi. from ' leggr ' ; -brot,
n. pi. pieces of bone in a broken leg\
-bond, n. pi. leg-straps.
leggr (-jar, -ir), m. (i) hollow bone
(of arms and legs) ; {i) leg; komast
i. legg, to grow up (J)d voru synir
bans vel ^ legg komnir) ; (3) stern of
aplafit \ (4) shank of an anchor \ (5)
shaft of a spgar.
leg-kaup, n. burial-fee.
leg-orS, n. lyiiig with a woman,
legor(5a-s6k, f. a case ^/leg-or5.
leg-ro, f. rest in bed\ -staSr, m.
burial-place ; -steinn, m. tombstone.
legu-nautr, m. bed-mate, mess-mate.
Iei6 (-ar, -ir), f. (i) way (fara, ri6a
lei6 sina or lei6ar sinnar) ; (2) way^
road (i skoginum voru tvennar leiSir) ;
par er leicJir skildi, where the roads
parted; (3) t7?;^rj-f (on the sea) ; segja
leiS, to pilot; (4) adverb, phrases,
koma e-u til leiSar or i. Iei3, to bring
about; skipast a betri 1., to change
to a better way ; i. pd 1., in this wise,
thus ; fram i. \., i. 1. fram, further,
all along; afterwards, for the ti?ne to
come ; (5) levy ; leidar at biSja, to call
out a levy,
leiS, f. a local assembly (in the Ice-
landic Commonwealth).
leitSa (-dda, -ddr), v. (l) to lead,
conduct (Olafr konungr leiddi Kjartan
til skips) ; 1, upp skip, to drag a ship
ashore; (2) fig., 1. augum (sjonum),
to behold; \. hugum, to consider; 1.
huga at e-u, to mark, note; 1. spur-
ningum at um e-t, to inquire ; 1. getum
um e-t, to guess at a thing; 1. dstum,
to love ; 1. af e-u, to result frorn ; (3)
gramm. to pronounce (J)vi at hann
leiddi eigi svd sem ti5ast er) ; (4) to
bury, lead to the grave (Steinarr leiddi
hann uppi i holtum).
leitSa (-dda, -ddr), v. (i) 1. e-m e-t,
to 7nake a person loathe or avoid a
thing; (2) refl., leiSast e-t (ace), to
loathe, get tired of (leiSist manngi
gott, ef getr) ; impers., e-m leidist,
one feels discontented (man honum
leiSast, ef deildr er verSrinn) ; mer
leiSist e-t, I arn tired <?/'(lei3ist monn-
um opt i. at heyra).
leiSangr (gen. -rs), m. (i) levy, esp.
by sea (including men, ships and
money) ; bjoda ut leiQangri, to levy
?nen and ships for war (bj66a ut
leiSangri at monnum ok vistum) ;
hafa 1. uti, to make a sea expedition ;
(2) war contribution, war tax.
leiSangrs-far, n. levy-ship; -fertJ,
f. war expedition ; -folk, n. levied
folk ; -g0rc5, f. raising a levy ; -lit5, n.
levied army ; -macSr, m. levied man.
leiSar-dagr, m. the day on which
the lei6 was held; -morgunn, m. the
morning of that day.
leiSar-nesti, n. viands ; -steinn,
m. loadstone; -stjarna, f. lodestar;
-sund, n. strait, passage; -visir, m.
guide; -viti, n. afifte for default in
respect of a levy.
leiSar-voUr, m. = leiSvollr.
leiSi, n. (i) leading wi7id, fair wind
(J)eir fengu gott 1.) ; (2) to7nb (Sviar
gretu yfir 1. bans).
leic^i, m. irkso77ieness.
leitSi-fifl, n. a fool to be led about.
leifSi-gjam, a. wearisome.
leiSi-ligr, a. hideous.
leit^indi, n. pi. (i) loathing, dislike ;
leggja 1. d vi3 e-n, to take a dislike to
a person ; (2) an unpleasant thing.
leitSing, f. leading, persuasion.
liEIDIWGA-MADR
[266]
LEIKANDI
lei8inga-ma?Sr, m. an easily led
person ( = lei5itamr ma6r) ; -samr, a.
easily led, pliable ( = leiSitamr).
leiSin-liga, adv. hideously ; -ligr, a.
hideous (kona Ijot ok leiSinlig).
leicSi-ortS, n. "^X. walking and talking
with a person ; -tamr, a. easy to be led.
lei^-mot, n, the leiS meetifig.
lei$r, a. loathed^ disliked (1. e-m) ;
e-m er e-t leitt, 07ie dislikes a thing.
leiS-r6tta (-r6tta, -r6ttr), v. to put
right, 7nend, correct ; -ratting, f. set-
ti?tg right, correction ; -saga, f. guid-
ance, direction, gs^^. piloting', -sagari,
m, guide, ts^. pilot.
leitSsagnar-ina(5r, m. = leiQsagari.
leitSsla, f. {\) guidance, leading', (2)
burial, interment.
leiS-stafir, m. pi. loathsome runes.
leiS-sogn, f. = leiSsaga.
leitJsogu-matSr, m. guide, pilots
leiSsagnarmaSr.
leiS-togi, m. guide ; -visi, f. know-
ing the course (on the sea).
lei^-viti, n. = leiSarviti.
leitS-vollr, m. the field where the
leiQ was held.
leifa (-t5a, -tSr), v.{\)to leave (food)
over ; to leave as heritage (hann leifSi
honum lond ok lausa-fe) ; (2) to leave
behind, relinquish, abandon (t>eir leif-
6u skipin f Raumsdal).
leifar, f. pi. (i) leavings, reinnants,
esp. of food ; (2) effect, result (ilia
gefast ills rd6s leifar).
loiga (-tSa, -Sr), v. to hire, rent ;
1. e-t at e-m, to hire from a person.
leiga, f. (i) hire, rent, opp. to Mnn-
stoefia ' {capital) ; byggja f^ d leigu,
to let money out at interest', leggja
leigu eptir hofn, to pay a harbour
duty ; (2) wages, pay (kallast hann
engrar leigu makligr).
leig-lendingr, m. tenant,
leigu-bol, n. rented fartn ; -fe, n.
hired cattle ; -foerr, a.yf/ to be hired
out', -land, n. rented land', -lauss,
a. rent free, without interest; -lic5i,
m., -matSr, m. tenant ; -ra^l, n. agree-
ment as to rent, lease-, -prestr, m.
hired priest, curate ; -staSr, m. a
place where money is invested, in-
vestment.
leika (leik; 16k, 16kum; leikinn),
V. (i) to play (vi6 skulum nu 1. fyrst) ;
1. leik, to play a play; 1. tveim skjold-
um, to play a double game ; 1. at e-u,
to play {amuse oneself) with (Katla
sat ok lek at hafri sinum) ; 1. at tafli,
to play at chess ; 1. s^r, to play (hann
lek ser ^i. enn d golfi me6 oSrum
bornum) ; (2) to perfor7n, of a feat or
act of prowess (en ek hygg, at engi
annarr fdi t)at lei kit) ; {z) to move,
swing, wave to and fro, hang loosely
(1. a lopti) ; landit skalf sem i. J)r£e6i
\€k\, as if balanced on a string; (4)
of flame, fire, water, waves, to play
lightly about or over, lick (eldr tok
at 1. husin) ; eldrinn lek skjott, the fire
spread fast; leikr hdr hiti vi6 himin
sjdlfan, the lofty blaze plays against
the very heavens ; fig., e-m leikr e-t f
skapi (1 mun), 07ie feels inclined to, has
a mind to (Jsat leikr mdr f skapi at
kaupa Island?far) ; {^)to deal {hardly^
with, to {ill-)treat (1. e-n ilia, hart,
sdrt, sdrliga) ; (6) to play a trick upo?i,
delude, = 1. d e-n (djofullinn leikr pd
alia) ; (7) to bewitch, esp. in pp. (ma6r
sa var leikinn af flagSi einu) ; (8) with
preps., 1. i. e-n, to play a trick upon
(mjok he fir J)u i. oss leikit) ; fig,, lek
J)at or6 d, at, it was rtimoured, that ;
e-m leikr ofund ^, to envy ; e-m leikr
hugr i., to have a mind to ; J^ar leikr
minn hugr a, i}iy mind is bent upon
that; hon segir fo6ur sinum urn hvat
at 1. er, she told her father how things
stood', 1. e-n ut, esp. in, pp., to ill-
treat (konungr ser nu Aka, hversu
hann er ut leikinn) ; 1. vi3 e-n, to play
with one ; 1. vi6, to continue (meinit
hafSi lengi vi6 leikit) ; (9) refl., leikast,
to be performed, done ; ef l)at md 1., if
this ca?i be done ; leikst d e-n, it goes
against one, he gets the worst of it
(mjok hefir leikizt i. minn hluta) ; 1.
vi3, to play one against the other, play
a tnatch ; hofQu Jjeir leikizt vi6 barna
leikum, meSan J)eir voru ungir, they
had been playmates.
leika (pi. leiku), n. plaything, doll.
leika, f. (i) = leika, 11. ; (2) play-
sister {\€x vorum leikur vetr niu).
leikandi, f. {i) pulley ; (2) sport, jest.
LEIKARA-SKAPR
[267]
LEKA
leikara-skapr, m. scurrility,
leikari, m. player^ jester.
leik-blandinn, pp. sportive ; -bort5,
n. play-board \ -brotSir, vcs.. piay7iiate.
leik-domr, m. laity, = leikfolk.
leik-fang, n. wrestling', -felagi, m.
play-fellow ; -fer c5, f. sport.
leik-folk, n. lay-folk, laity,
leikinn, a. playful^ gay.
leik-ligr, a. lay ; -mat5r, m. layman.
leik-ma$r, m. player.
leikmann-ligr, a. lay.
leik-miMU., a.. playful, merry; -mot,
n. ^play-meeting', public athletic
sports ; -maer, a. play-sister.
leikr (-s, -ar), m. game, play, sport ;
Idta (vinna) leikinn, to lose {win) the
game ; d nyja leik, anew ; vi5 illan
leik, narrowly, with a narrow escape
(t)eir komust J)ar yfir vi3 illan leik) ;
hann segir peim hvat leika (gen.), hvat
1 leikum er, he told them what the
game was, what was the matter',
leikr er gorr til e-s, a person is aimed
at, is the fnark of an attack ; gera leik
til e-s, to mock one.
leikr, a. lay (laerSir ok leikir).
leik-sk^li, m. play-shed \ -stefna,
f. = leikmot ; -sveinn, m. playinaie ;
-vald, n. lay power, laity ; -vollr, m.
play-grou7id.
leiptr (gen. leiptrar, pi. leiptrir), f.
lightning, flash.
leiptra (at5), v. to flash, shine,
leir, n. clay, loa7n, mud.
leira, f. muddy shore, rtiud-flai.
leir-bakki, m. clayey bank ; -buS,
f. clay booth ; -depill, m. clayey spot ;
-gata, f. clayey path ; -kelda, f. clay-
pit; -ligr, a. of clay; -matSr, m. clay
man ; -ottr, a. = leirugr.
leir-pottr, m. eartheti pot.
leirr, m. = leir.
leir-stokkinn, pp. mud-spiashed,
leiru-bekkr, m. muddy brook.
leirugr, a. clayey, muddy.
leis'a-broekr, f. pi. trousers and
stockings in one piece, lo7ig hose ;
-lausB, a. without a foot-piece or sock
(leistalausar broekr).
leistr (-3, -ar), m. stocking-foot, sock.
leit, f. (l) search ; fara d 1. e-s, to
go in search of a thing; {2) explori7ig
party, search-party (jarl var sjdlfr {
leitinni).
leita (atS), \.{\)to seek, search, with
gen. (herac5smenn leituSu hennar ok
fundu hana eigi) ; 1. e-m e-s, to seek
{try to get) a thing for one (1. e-m
kvinfangs) ; 1. sdr li'fs, to seek to save
on^s^ life ; (2) to seek for help (vil ek,
at J)u leitir aldri annarra en min, ef pu
l^arft nokkurs vi3) ; 1. rdSa, to seek
for advice; (3) to act {proceed) to-
wards one ; ef y3ar er ilia leitat, if you
are challenged ; (4) to try to go, pro-
ceed on a journey ; 1. braut or landi,
to go abroad; 1. d fund e-s, to visit a
person; (5) to seek, try, with infin.
(t)d leitaSi Kdlfr at flytja broeSr sina
ofan til skips) ; (6) with preps., 1. at
e-m, to seek for a person,=\. e-s (var
pd leitat at laekninum) ; 1. at um e-t =
1. eptir um e-t ; 1. i. e-n, to attack or
assail one, to bla7ne or reprehend 07ie ;
1. d, to try, 7nake an attetfipt to get a
thing (hvar skulu vit d 1. ?) ; 1. d um
kvdnfang, to look for a wife ; 1. eptir
e-u, to seek for ; 1. eptir mdli, to follow
a case, take it up ; 1. eptir um e-t,
to inquire into ; 1. eptir vi6 e-n, to
i7iquire of a person ; 1. fyrir ser, to
save oneself by flight {\egg]um d flotta,
ver6r nu hverr at 1. fyrir ser) ; 1. e-s i,
to try, 77iake an atte77ipt (var J)d margs
i leitat) ; 1. til e-s, to seek for, = \. e-s
(aldri leitadi hann til grida ne undan-
komu) ; 1. um e-t = 1. at um e-t, to
exa77ti7ie (var J)d leitat um sdr manna) ;
to try to get or effect (1. um saettir) ;
1. e-s vi6 e-n, to apply to one for a
thing {\. raSa vi6 e-n); 1. vi5 e-t, to
try ; 1. \\6 for, to try to get away ;
1. vid at gora e-t, to try to do a thing
(hann vildi vi3 1. at maela) ; (7) refl.,
leitast um, to make a search, examine
(leituSust J)eir pd um ok fundu hurd
i goifinu).
leiti, n. hill, elevation, height.
leizla, f. = leiSsla.
leizlu-drykkja, f. dri7iking-party.
leka (lek ; lak, lakum ; lekit), v.
{\) to drip, d7Hbble (af t)eim legi, er
lekit hafSi or hausi HeiSdraupnis) ;
(2) to leakf be leaky (husit, skipit,
keraldit lekrj.
IiEKADR
[268]
LETJA
lekatJr, pp. leaky (lekat skip).
lekast (a5), v. refl. to spring a leak.
leki, m. leakage, leak ; komu {)d lekar
at skipinu, the ship sprang a leak.
lekr, a. leaky (skipin voru lek).
lektari, m. lectern, reading desk.
lembdr, pp. with lamb (lembd aer).
lemja (lem, lamda, lamitSr), v. (i)
to thrash^ fiog, beat (l)eir lomdu hann
n^liga til botleysis) ; (2) 1. niSr, to
beat down, suppress (hafavald til pess
at niSr 1. allan mdtt illgjarnra anda) ;
(3) refl. to be severely injured (svd
mikit hogg, at haussinn lamdist).
lemstr, m. lameness, ifijirpiity.
16n, n. {i) fief, fee (halda lond ok
len af konungi) ; (2) royal grant or
eniolu7nent ; (3) royal revemie ; (4)
share of good thifigs (sumir hafa litit
l^n e6a lof).
16na, f. pad or cushion which is
placed under a pack-saddle.
lend (pi. -ir and -ar), f. loin, rump,
lemda (-da, -nt), v. (i) to land,
with dat. (1. Mti, skipi) ; (2) to land,
come to land (siSan lendu t)eir upp
frd Bakka) ; (3) impers., e-m lendir
saman, to clash, cofne into co?tflict
(mun ek ekki letja, at oss lendi saman);
e-u lendir, to come to an end ; par
lendir {)essi viSroeSu, at, the end of
this talk was, that.
lenda, f. land, estate.
lenda-verkr, m. lumbago.
lend-borinn, pp. sprung from the
landed gentry.
lending, f. landing, landing-place.
lendr, a. (i ) landed', 1. ma6r, ' landed-
man ', holdi?ig land or e7nohc7ne7its
from the king; (2) in compds. (i-lendr,
inn-, sam-, ut-).
lengd. f. length (of space and time) ;
til lengdar, long, for a long time ; nu
{or i brdd) ok lengdar, for now and
hereafter.
lengi (lengr, lengst), adv. long, for
a lofig time ; of 1., too long\ lengr en
skemr, rather long than short, for a
good while ; with gen., 1. vetrar,yi?r a
great part of the winter.
lenging, f. lengthening ; lifs 1., jnain-
tenance of life.
lengja (-da, -dr), v. to lengthen (1.
lif sitt) ; var lengt nafn hans, an
addition was made to his name ; hvat
parf J)at 1., what need to make a long
story ? ; impers. to becottie longer (um
vetrinn er daga lengdi).
lengja, f. a long piece, strip.
lengr, adv. compar., see * lengi *.
lengra, adv. compar. to a greater
length ; farther, further.
lengrum, adv. compar. longer,
farther ; for a longer time.
lengstum, adv. superl. mostly, most
of the time (hann var J)6 1. d Grjotd).
led, leon, n. lion.
leoparSr, 16par5r, m. leopard.
leppr (-S, -ar), m. (i) lock of hair
(fd m6r leppa tvd or h^ri J)inu) ; (2)
rag, tatter (leppr rotinn).
lerept, n. linen, linen cloth.
lerka (atS), v. to lace tight (hosui
lerkaSar at beini) ; fig., lerkaSr,
bruised, contused (1. af hoggum).
las, n. lesson (in divine service).
lesa (les ; la3, lasum ; lesinn), v,
{i) to pick up, gather (1. hnetr, ber,
aldin) ; 1. saman, to gather, gleaft (1.
saman axhelmur) ; 1. upp, to pick up ;
(2) to grasp, catch (eldrinn las skj6tt
troSviSinn) ; 1. sik upp, to haul one-
self up (hann las sik skjott upp eptir
0xarskaptinu) ; (3) to knit, embroider;
(4) to read (1. d bok) ; 1. fram, 1. upp,
to read aloud', 1. um (of) e-n, to
speak (evil) of one (1. fdr um e-n).
les-bok, f. lesson-book ; -djakn, m.
reading clerk', -korr, m. reading-
desk, lectern.
lesningr, m, reading.
lest, f. (l) burden, cargo-, (2) train
of packhorses.
lesta (-sta, -str), v. to i^ijure^
damage (1. skip sitt) ; refl., lestast, to
be injured, damaged (fell hann af baki
ok lestist fotr hans).
lesti, adv., only in the phrase, d l,
last, at last.
lestr, m. and f. reading.
lest-reki, m. agent, manager.
leti, f. sloth, laziness ; -fullr, a.
slovenly ; -svefn, m. sleep of sloth.
letja (let ; latta, lottum; lattr), v.
to hold back, dissuade (one from some-
thing), 1. e-n e-s (Bjorn latti ferdar ;
lil^-TORFA
[269]
LEYNI-QATA
konungr for ei.Q:i at si6r) ; refl., letjast,
to become loth^ unwilling (J^raellinn
tok at 1. mjok i. starfanum).
16-torfa, f. a turf cut ivith a scythe.
letr, n. letters, writings -ligr, a.
literal ; -list, f. art of writing.
16tta (-tta, -ttr), V. (i) with ace. to
lighten (1. skipin) ; (2) with dat. to
lift (t)a letti kottrinn einum foeti) ; (3)
1. e-u, to desist from, leave off\ 1. ferd
sinni, to stop o/ie''s journey, to halt;
also absol., f)eir lettu eigi {they stopped
not, halted not) fyrr en J)eir komu i
Skaptai tungur ; 1. af e-u, 1. af at gora
e-t, to leave oj^ doing, give up (hann
l^ttir aldregi af sh'kt at vinna) ; 1. af
hernaSi, to leave off freebooti7ig\ 1.
undan, to withdraw, retreat (svd, kom
t)vi mdli, at Sigvaldi letti undan) ; (4)
to relieve, ease (hann letti hans meini
me6 mikilli ij)r6it) ; (5) impers., e-m
lettir, one is relieved, eased (of pain,
illness) ; sott (dat.) Idttir, lettir af
sottinni, the illness {fever) abates ;
with the person in dat., the illness in
gen., honum letti britt sottarinnar, he
soon recovered from the illness ; 1.
upp, to clear up, abate, esp. of the
weather ; storminum (hriSinni) lettir
upp, the storjn {snowstorm) abates;
(6) refl., lettast,^^ be lightened, cleared,
of the sky (hinn sySri hlutr lettist) ;
impers., e-m lettist = e-m lettir, Ofie is
relieved, eased (lettist honum heldr,
ok var a fotum J)rjd daga).
16tta-bragS, n. cheerful look (g0ra i.
ser -bragSj ; -sott, f. child-labour.
16tt-brunn, -brynn, a. of cheerful
look; -\>\\xsm.y^'^. lightly clad; -baerr,
a. easy to bear; -fleygr, a. szuift,
fleet-ivinged ; -foerr, a. nimble, fleet;
-hjalat5r, pp. spoke^t of with ease.
letti, m. (i) alleviation, relief, ease;
(2) readiness ; af lecta, readily, with'
out reserve (hann sagSi allt af Idtta).
16tti-liga, adv. (i) lightly (bua sik
-liga) ; (2) readily, with good will
(drottning tok kveSju hans -liga) ;
-mottuU, m. light mantle.
I6ttir, m. alleviation, relief
16tti-skip, n., -skuta, f. a light, fleet
ship ; -vindtta, f. good friendship.
l6tt-klsBddr,pp. lightly clad; -Idtr,
a. affable; light-mannered; -leikr,
m. lightness ^ agility ; -liga, adv. (i)
lightly ; (2) easily ; (3) cheerfully,
readily (taka e-u lettliga) ; -ligr, a.
ligJit ; -lifr, a. livifigan easy life (e-m
er -lift) ; -laBti, n. affability , friendli-
ness (cf. ' Idttldtr').
16ttlaBti3-kona, f. loose woman.
lett-maeltr, pp. spoken with ease.
16ttr, a. (i) light, opp. to 'pungr*;
(2) active, nimble (1. i. sdr) ; vera a
lettasta skeiSi, to be at one's most
active age ; ek em nu af lettasta
skeiSi, 1 am past my best years ; (3)
unencumbered, free ; ver6a lettari (at
barni), to be delivered of a child ; e-m
verdr harms sins lettara, one is eased
of one^ s grief ; (4) light, easy (moeddist
hann fyrir f>eim ok gekk t)eim lettara) ;
var ve6r lett, the wind was light ; (5)
cheerful, gladsome (var konungr J)d 1.
1 ollum roedum) ; e-m segir eigi lett
hugr um e-t, one has apprehe?tsions ;
(6) of S7nall value ; leggja e-t f lettan
sta6, to think lightly of
I6tt-u^, i. light-hear tedness; -ut$lgr,
a. light-hearted ; -vigr, a. ; e-m er
-vigt, onefnds it easy to fight.
leyfa (-^a, -$r), v. (i) to give leave
to, allow, permit (leyfi t)er honum at
fara sem honum gegnir bezt); (2) to
praise (at kveldi skal dag leyfa).
leyfi, n. leave, pertnission.
leyfi-ligr, a. permitted, allowed.
leyna (-da, -dr), w.{i) to hide, con-
ceal ; 1. e-n e-u, to hide, conceal a
thing from one ; (2) refl., leynast, to
hide oneself be concealed; 1. at e-m,
to steal upon a per s 071, attack by
stealth ; 1. i brott, to steal azvay.
leynd, f. seo-ecy, conceabnent, hid-
ing ; mec3 1., af 1., secretly.
leyndar-bref, n. secret letter; -klefi,
-kofi, m. closet ; -limr, m. the privy
7ne7/iber ; -ma(5r, m. = -vinr ; -mal,
n. secret affair, a secret ; -sta^r, m.
hiding place; -tal, n. secret talk {t\g3.
-tal V16 e-n) ; -vinr, m. secret friend.
leyndr, pp. secret; leyndr stadr =
leyndarstaSr.
leyni, n. htdi7ig-place ; -bragS, n.
secret plot ; -dyrr, f. pi. secret door ;
-fjorSr, m. hiddeti fjord \ -gata, f.
liEYNI-GROP
[270J
lilBS-KOSTR
secret path ; -gr6f, f. hidden pit ;
-heratJ, n. secluded district \ -liga,
adv. secretly ; -ligr, a. hidden^ secret ;
-stigr, m. = -gata ; -vdgr, m. hidden
creek ; -vegr, m. secret way.
leysa (-ta, -tr), y.(i) to loose, loosen,
untie, undo (tok Skrymir ok leysti
nest-bagga sinn) ; 1. knut, to undo a
knot ; (2) impers. is dissolved, breaks
up (skipit leysti undir peim) ; snjo,
is leysir, the snow thaws, the ice breaks
tip ; drnar (votn) leysir or isa leysir af
votnum, the ice breaks up on the rivers',
(3) to absolve (biskup sagSist eigi mega
leysa t)d) ; (4) to free, set free, release
(1. e-n or dnau6, af Jjraeldomi) ; (5) to
discharge, pay (boendr hetu jarli st6rf<6
at 1. J)at gjald, er i. var kveSit) ; (6)
1. or 1. af hendi, to perform, do (vel
hefir pii leyst ^itt erendi) ; (7) to
redeem, purchase (vil ek 1. landit til
min) ; (8) to solve (a difficulty) ; hann
leysti hvers manns vandraedi, he helped
every man in distress ; (9) to send
away, dismiss (Oddr leysir menn
J)aSan me6 g63um gjofum) ; (10) to
get rid of, dispatch (seint soekist vdrum
f^laga at 1. pennaukunna mann) ; (11)
with preps, and^advs., 1. e-n brott, to
dismiss (leysti Asmundr hann brott
me6 goSum gjofum) ; 1. e-n fra e-u, to
rid 07ie of a thing ; 1. or e-u, to solve,
explain, answer (K. leysti or t)vi ollu
froflliga, sem hann spurSi) ; 1. e-t
sundr, to dissolve ; 1. e-n undan e-u,
to release from, acquit of', 1. e-n ut,
to redeem (md vera, at pu ndir at 1.
hann lit h^6an) ; to dismiss guests
(leysti konungr ^i. ut med soemiligum
gjofum) ; to pay out (leysir Hoskuldr
ut fd bans) ; (12) refl., leysast, to de-
compose (tok hold t)eirra at prutna ok
1. af kulda) ; to absent oneself {i^ys.XxsX.
J)u svd he6an naestum, at J)^r var engi
vdn lifs af mer) ; fig. to get oneself
clear (megu ver eigi annat aetla, en
leysast af nokkuru eptir sKk storvirki).
leyaingi (gen. -ja), m.freedman.
leysingja, i.freed^uoman.
Ii5, n. {i) host, folk, people ; fyrSa 1.,
the people ; J)eir voru allir eins li6s,
they were all of one party ; vera einn
sins USs, to be alone', (2) family,
household (113 mitt er heima bjarg-
laust) ; (3) troops, host ; samna liQi,
to gather troops ; (4) aid, assistance ;
veita e-m liS, to aid', koma e-m at lidi,
to come to one's assistance.
Iit5, n. poet. {\)ale (cf. 'liS') ; (2) ship.
liSast (a5), V. refl. to fall in curls
(sd ma6r hafSi gult h^r, ok liSadist
allt a herfiar niSr).
liS-dratLr, m. = li6sdrdttr ; -drjugr,
a. strong, powerful ; -far, a. short of
meft', -fasS, f. scarcity of men; -foerr,
a. able-bodied ; -gotSr, a. good at doing,
handy, -henda, -hending, f. a kind
of metre.
litSi, m. {i) follower (liSar {jat eru
fylgSarmenn) ; (2) levy-district.
Iit5-liga, adv. adroitly, handily,
-ligr, a. adroit, handy ; -litill, a. (l)
having few men ; (2) of little use ;
-mannliga, adv. cidroitly ; -mann-
ligr, a. adroit, handy ; -margr, a.
having majiy men ; -mikill, a. =
-margr ; -mjukr, a. lithe, limber
(me3 liSmjukum fingrum).
litSr (gen. -ar ; pi. -ir, ace. -u), m.
{i) Joint of the body (116 kalla menn
J)at i. manni, er leggir mastast) ;
fotrinn stokk 6r liSi, the foot went out
of joint ; foera (fot) i 115, to set in joint
agai7t ; (2) hann var folleitr ok 1. a nefi,
he was pale-looking and hook-7iosed',
(3) degree {of kitidred), generation.
litS-rs9kr, a. rejected from a 116.
li^s-afli, m.fo7'ces, troops.
Ii6-samligr, a. likely to be helpful ;
-samnaSr, m. gathering of troops ;
-samr, a. ready to help.
litSa-beini, m. giving help, assis-
tance ; -bon, f. prayer for help ;
-drd,ttr, m. assembling troops.
litS-semd, f. assistance.
Iit5s-fj61di, x^. great ho St', -hofSingi,
m. captaifi of a host.
liS-sinna (a5), v. (i) to assist, with
dat. (-sinna e-m) ; (2) to further, with
ace. (hefir hon pvi heitit at -sinna
J)etta mdl); -sinnat5r, pp. ready to
help one (e-m); -sinni, n. help, as-
sistance.
liSsinnis-maSr, m. helper.
li8-skortr, m. lack oftnen.
li5s-ko8tr, m. military force.
LID-SKYLFR
[271]
LIGGJA
lic5-skylfr, a. requiritig many people
(ver hofum skip mikit ok -skylft).
Ii5s-laun, n. pi. reward for help
rendered ; -inac5r, m . follower^ war-
rior ; -menn, the men of one'' s arjny ;
-munr. m. odds', -samnaSr, m. =
Ii6samna5r ; -J)urfi, a. in need of help ;
-I)urft, f., -J)orf, f. need of help.
liSiig-liga, adv. willifn^ly, readily
(gerSi f>. J)at vel ok liSugliga).
liSugr, a. (i) lithe, supple; {2) free,
unhi7idered {^V-aX Grettir fara 1. J)angat,
sem hann vill) ; (3) tmoccicpied, dis-
engaged ; (4) easy, fluent^ of language
(me3 liSugri norroenu).
li^-vani, a. lacking 7neans {men) ;
-vaskr, a. doughty, valiant ; -veizla,
f. succour, support.
litSveizlu-ma^r, m. supporter.
lifa (lifi, lifc5a, lifat), v. (l) to be
left (er t)riSjungr lifSi nartr) ; meSan
old lifir, while the world stands ; (2)
to live ; me6an hann lifc3i, while he
lived ; at ser lifanda, iti his life-time ;
lifa eptir e-n, to survive 07ie (verdr
ma6r eptir annan at 1.) ; 1. viQ e-t, to
live on. feed on (l^eir lifSu nu vi6 reka
ok smddyri) ; (3) to burn, of fire (lif5i
{)ar eldr i skdia).
lifandis, adv. alive ; vera 1. = vera
lifs, i. lifi ; -hlutr, m. living thing;
-skepna, f. living creature.
lifSr, a. endowed with life, living;
betra er lifSum en se uliiSum, better to
be livifig tha?t lifeless.
lifendr, m. pi. the living.
lifinn, a. living, = lifSr.
lifna (aS), w. {i) to be left; (2) to
come to life, revive (konungr hugSi,
at hon mundi 1.).
lifnatSar-lengd, f. length {duration)
cf life (-lengd mannsins).
lifna^r, m. (i) conduct of life; (2)
convent life, convent.
lift" (gen. and pi. lifrar), f. liver.
liggja (ligg; la, lagum; leginn),
V. (i) to lie (or liggr l)ar iiti d veggi-
num) ; 1. sjukr, to lie sick (hann liggr
sjukr heima) ; l)eir Mgu i sarum, they
lay ill of their wou7ids ; {2) to lie
buried (her liggr skdld) ; (3) /^ lie at
anchor (hann lagSi til hatnar ok Id
l)ar um hriS) ; liggja veSrfastr, to lie
weather-bound ; (4) to lie, be situated,
of a place (l^orp ok borgir, er Idgu vi6
riki nans) ; (5) /^ lie, go, lead, of a
road (liggr gata til boejarins) ; (6) to
be covered with ice, ice-bound (vetrar-
riki var d mikit ok Idgu firdir allir) ;
{'j)to lie with, have sexual intercourse
with, = 1. hja konu ; (8) with preps,
and advs., 1. a e-m, to lie heavy on,
weigh upo7i, oppress (liggja d m€x
hugir storra manna) ; 1. d hdlsi e-m,
to hang on one's neck, bla77ie one ; 1. d
e-m, to be fated to one (J)at la d kon-
ungi, at hann skyldi eigi lifa um tiu
vetr) ; 1. a. e-u, to atte7id, be co7inected
with (d ]Dessum raSum liggja stor-
meinbugir) ; to be urgent, of i7npor-
tance, pressing {A.. kva6 honum eigi d
1. J)at at vita) ; liggr honum ekki d, it
does not 77iatter to hi77i ; 1. a uknyttum,
to pur sice wicked courses; 1. eptir, to
be left tindone (skal ekki eptir 1. JDat,
sem ver megum J)eim veita) ; 1. fyrir
e-m, to lie in wait for ; 1. fyrir, to be
in store for, or ope7i to, 07ie ; f)oetti
mer pat rd3 fyrir 1., at J)u sendir menn,
that the best thing would be to send
77ien ; 1. hjd e-rri, to lie with (Id ek hja
dottur J)inni) ; 1. i e-u, to stick or sink
i7i (lagu hestamir a kafi i snjonum) ;
1. 1, to stick fast i7i mire or bog (liggr
1 hestrinn undir J^eim) ; 1. i hernaSi,
vikingu, to be e7igaoed in wa7fare ;
1. niSri, to lie ttntold (nu skal pat eigi
niSri liggja, er honum er po mest veg-
semd 1) ; 1. saman, to be adjacent (lagu
saman skogar peirra Lopts) ; 1. til e-s,
to belong to (naut ok sau6ir, la pat til
Atleyjar) ; boetr liggja til alls, there is
ato7ie7nent for every case ; to be due or
proper (potti pat til 1. at taka af honum
tignina) ; 1. til byrjar, to lie by for a
fair wind ; 1. til hafs, /<? lie ready for
sea (Id biskup til hafs sex vikur) ; 1.
um e-n, to lie i7i wait for ; 1. um e-t,
to be bent upon (hann liggr um pat
nott ok dag at veita y6r h'fldt) ; 1. undir
e-n or e-m, to be subject to, belong to
(pessi lond liggja undir Danakonung) ;
hlutr e-s liggr undir, 07ie is worsted;
1. liti, to lie out, 7iot in a house (sumir
Idgu uti d fjollum me3 bu sm) ; 1. vi5,
to lie at stake (lif mitt liggr vi5) ; pa
LILJA
[272]
LIDA
muntu bezt gefast, er mest liggr vi5,
ivhen the need is greatest ; e-m liggr
vid e-u, one is on the verge of\ morg-
um li vi6 bana, 7nany lay at death's
door ; Id, vi6 sjdlft, at, it was just on
the point of.
lilja, f. lily (hon var hvit sem 1.).
lim, n. foliage, small branches.
limaSr, pp. (i) branchy, full of
branches ; (2) limbed \ 1. mjok, large-
limbed ; 1. vel, having shapely litnbs.
lima-fall, n, paralysis ; -Idt, n.
mutilation ; -Ijotr, a. ugly-limbed \
-margr, a. having 7?iany branches.
limar, f. pi. branches (t)eir hofSu fest
skjoldu sina 1 limar).
lima-voxtr, n\. frame of the body.
lim-byrt$r, f. burden of faggots.
lim-hlaupa, -hlaupinn, a. indecl.
cowed, prostrate.
limr (gen. -ar, pi. -ir, ace. -u), m. (i)
limb (halda lifi ok limum) ; {2) Joint
of meat (][5rir limir kjots).
Una (atS), v. [i) to soften, mitigate',
(2) to soothe, alleviate (linit harmi
minum) ; impers., e-u linar, it abates
(vid dtak bans linar {)egar sottinni);
(3) 1. til, to give way ; (4) refl., linast,
to be softened, give way (J)d linuQust
hugir t)eirra).
lin-aflaSr, a. of little strength.
linan, f. mitigation.
lind, f. (i) lime-tree', (2) linden-
shield; (3) linden spear^shaft,
linda-stat5r, m. the waist.
lindi, m. belt, girdle.
lindi-skjoldr, m. shield of lime-
wood ; -tr6, n. Ii77ie-tree.
Iin-hjartat5r, a. soft-hearted', -kind,
-kinni, f. mercy ; -leikr, m. lenity ;
-liga, adv. leniently, gently, -ligr,
a. lenient ; -ni6t5r, a. = -moedinn ;
-maBltr, pp. mild, geiitle in speech ;
-moetSinn, a. meek, gentle.
linna (-ta, -t), v. to cease, stop (1.
fer6inni) ; impers., e-u linnir, it ceases,
abates (en er J)vi linnti, greida peir
atroQr sinn).
linn-ormr, m. {fabulous) serpent.
linnr, m. serpent (poet.).
linn-vengi, n. * serpent-field *, gold ;
linnvengis bil, woman (poet.).
linr, a. (i) soft to the touch', (2)
gentle, mild (H. var linr ok bliSr vid
alia si'na menn) ; (3) agreeable, plea-
sant ; faSmast lint, to embrace softly,
lipr (ace. -ran), a. handy, adroit.
list (pi. -ir), f. (i) art, craft (margar
listir J)aer, sem d6r hofdu eigi fundnar
verit) ; (2) skill, adroitness, dexterity
(lek hann marga it)r6ttliga fimleika
med mikilli 1.).
lista. f. I'st, border.
Iista-mat5r, m. skilled workman,
craftsmati.
listugr, a. (i) skilled, skilful', (2)
polite, elegant.
listu-liga, 3.dv. skilfully, handsome-
ly, fi7iely ; -ligr, a. ( i ) skilful, clever ;
(2) elega7it, handso7ne (-ligir menn).
list-vanr, a. skilful, clever.
lita (at5), V. to dye (1. sik i bl66i).
litanar-gras, n. dyeing herb.
litar-, gen. from ' litr ' ; -apt, n.,
-dtta, f., -hdttr, m. co77iplexion.
lita-skipti, n. change of colour.
litast (aS), V. refl., 1. um, to look
about (nu litaSist konungr um).
lit-bjartr, a. bright of co77iplexion ;
-brigtJi, n. change of colour ; -forottr,
a. dappled', -g6t5r, a. of fine co77i-
plexion (-g66r i andliti) ; -gras, n. =
litanargras.
litka (atS), v. to colour, stain', vel
litkaSr, of a fine hue.
lit-kl8B5i, n. pi. coloured {dyed)
clothes (not with the natural colour oi
the wool) ; -lauss, a. colourless, pale.
litr (gen. -ar, pi. -ir, ace. -u), m (i)
colour, hue ; bregSa lit, to change
colour ; bldr (grar, hvitr, rauSr) at lit,
blue {grey, white, red) of colour ; (2)
the colour of the sky, at daunt or dusk ;
en er J)eir komu upp i. heiSina, kenndu
t)eir, at lit brd, they saw the day
break ; J)d, tok at kenna annars litar,
then it began to grow dusk ; (3) dye
(soekja gros til litar).
litr, a. liued, coloured (vel, ilia 1.).
lit-verpast (t), v. refl. to change
colour ; -verpr, a. pale (from fear).
lit$, n. strong ale (I16 heitir ol).
Iit5a (li5 ; leitS, liSum ; li^inn), v.
{1) to go, pass, glide (er skipit lei3
fram hjd flotanum) ; 1. e-m or hug,
to pass out of one's me7nory ; (2) to
LlDA
[273]
LIFS-VAN
pass by^ go past (er ])eir liSu nesit) ;
impers., en er li5r Euphrates d (ace),
when one has passed the E. ; sem leic3
joladaginn, as the Yule-day passed ;
^i. {or pegar) er e-n liSr, when a
person is omitted, passed over; Ulfr
jarl var rikastr i Danmorku, pegar er
konung leiS, next to the king ; (3) to
pass away, elapse, of time (eigi munu
margir vetur 1. d6r en {)er munuQ
pessa iQrast) ; at liSnum vetri, when
the wi7iter had passed; liSinn, dead,
deceased', at liSinn fylki, after my
lord's death ; (4) impers. with dat., nu
lidr svd dogum, at, the days draw on ;
^i var liQit degi, the day was far
spent ; {'^) to go on, take place ; ek
vil vita, hvat t)eim h'3r, how they are
getting on ; ok se'r, hvat lei3 drykk-
inum, and sees, how it had gone with
his drinking; (6) with preps, and
advs., 1. af e-u, to depart from ; 1. af
heimi, to depart this life ; 1. af, to
pass away (liSr af vetrinn = li5r fram
vetrinn) ; impers., 1. at e-u, to ap-
proach, draw near ; en er at leiS jol-
unum, when it drew nigh Yule ; 1. at
t.-TC\,faintness comes over one ; nu tok
at 1. at Olvi, O. began to get drunk ;
G. tok sott, en er at honum leiS,
when he was far spent, near his end ;
li6r at maetti e-s, on^s strength gives
way; impers., Ii6r i. e-t, the tii7ie
draws to a close ; ok er a lei6 daginn,
when the day was far spent ; at
dliSnu, in the latter part of a time
(um haustit at dli6nu) ; at ^liSnum
vetri, towards the end of the winter ;
1. fram, to pass away, wear o?i (ok
er vdrit lei3 fram) ; also impers., h'6r
fram e-u = e-t li6r fram (er fram lei6
nottinni ok dro at degi) ; to advance,
proceed (Egill tok at hressast svd sem
fram leiQ at yrkja kvseSit) ; impers.,
\)i. er fra liSr, when time passes on ;
Idta e-t hja s^r 1., to let it pass by
unheeded ; impers., h'5r i mot e-u =
h'3r at e-u (mi h'6r f mot jolum) ; 1.
um e-t, to pass by (eigi hoefir J)a hluti
um at 1., er) ; hann spur6i, hvat li6i
um kvasSit, he asked how the poetn
was getting on ; 1. undan, to slip off,
pass ^by ; 1. undir lok, to pass away,
die, perish; 1. yfir e-n, to pass over^
happen to, befall (mart mun yfir J)ik
1.) ; eitt skal yfir oss alia 1., we shall
all share the same fate.
liSa (liddi), v., rare, = prec.
lif, n, (i) life; tyna lifinu, to lose
one's life ; taka (rd3a) e-n af lifi, to take
or put an end to one^s life ; sitja um 1.
e-s, to atte7npt or seek one's life ; vera
i. lifi, to be alive, living; vera lifi
minnr, to be dead ; fyrir 1. sitt, even if
it should cost 07te's life (J)eir vilja ekki
fyrir 1. sitt fr^ hverfa) ; lifs, alive ; lifs
ec3a Idtinn, alive or dead; hvd.rki lifs
ne liSinn, lifs n^ dauSa, neither alive
nor dead; (2) body; lifs ok sdlar,
body and soul ; esp. the waist, Tniddle
(hafdi hann vafit klseSum um lifit) ; (3)
person ; at sva fagrt 1. skyldi t)ann veg
kveljast, that so fine a man should be
tortured in that way.
lifatSr, a. full of life.
lif-dagar, m. pi. life-days, life.
liferni, n. = lifi (2).
lifga (a8), V. to call to life, revive,
lifgan, f. calling to life again.
lif-gjafari, -gjafi, m. preserver of a
person's life, rescuer; -gjof, i. grant-
ing lif e or pardon to 07ie ; -hinna, f.
the peril 07ieu77i\ -hraeddr, 3..feari7ig
for 071 e's life.
lifi, n. (i) life ; (2) co7iduct of life.
lif-lauss, a. lifeless, inani7nate
(-lausir hlutir) ; -lat, n. loss of life^
death ; -Idta v. to put to death.
lifldts-dagr, m. anniversary of one's
death ; -domr, m. sentence of death ;
-vertSr, a. deserving death.
lif-ligr, a. (l) alive, living ; (2) life-
supporting (-lig atvinna).
lifs-bjorg, f. sustena7tce of life ; -bok,
f. biography ; -dcBgr, n. day of life ;
-gros, n. pi. heali7ig herbs ; -hdski,
m. danger of life, extre7ne danger ;
-hjdlp, f. deliverance ; -hvatr, a. act-
ive with life ; -leitSindi, n. pi. weari-
ness of life; -mark, n. sig7t of life
(dauSamork se ek i. honum, en eigi
-mork) ; -noering, f. food, = -bjorg ;
-saga, f. life history, biography ;
-stundir, f.pl. 'life-days'; -timi, m.
Iife-ti7ne ; -tjon, n. loss of life, death ;
-vdn, f . hope of saving one's life ;
ICEL. DICT.
LIFS-VEGR
[274]
LIMA
-vegr, m. (l) means of saving one' s
life ; (2) way of life.
lift, a. n. permitted to live (er-at 1.
vinum Ingimundar).
Iif-tj6n, n. loss of life ^ death ; -vaenn,
a. with hope of life^ with hope of
recovery ; -ffitSr, f. artery.
lik, n. (i) the living body (vi3 {)at
1. at lifa) ; (2) the dead body, corpse
(jarda 1. e-s).
lik, n. bolt-ropey leech-line (of sails).
lika (aS), v. to please, satisfy, with
dat. (likaSi yQr vel Finnskattrinn ?) ;
hvdrt er honum likar vel edr ilia,
whether he likes it or not ; e-m Ifkar
vel (ilia) til e-s or vi6 e-n, one likes
cr dislikes a person (honum likaSi til
Sigh vats vel) ; lika6i vi3 hana ekki
ilia, they liked her well enough.
lika (a$), v. to polish, bur?tish.
lika, adv. also (rare).
lika-ferS, f. = likferS ; -foersla, f. =
likfoersla ; -groftr, m. grave-digging ;
-hli$, n. lich-gate.
likami, m. = likamr.
likam-liga, adv. bodily, in the flesh ;
-ligr, a. bodily, affecting the body (-lig
heilsa) ; fleshly.
likamr (-s, -ir), m. body.
likams-losti, m. carnal lust ;
-mdttr, m. bodily strength.
likandi, n.form, shape.
lik-blauSr, a. afraid of a corpse;
-blaeja, f. winding-sheet ; -ferS, f.
funeral journey, funeral ; -fylgja, f.
funeral procession ; -foersla, f. the
conveyance of a body to church ;
-bringing, f. tolling, k7ielling.
liki, m. equal, match.
liki (gen. pi. likja), n. (i) body (1.
leyfa ins Ijosa mans) ; {1) form, shape
(hann bra a sik 1. graSungs ' ins).
likindi, n. pi. (i) likelihood, -prob-
ability', 1. eru d e-u or til e-s, it is
probable ; vera (fara) at likindum, to be
(go) as might be expected ; ra3a (sja)
e-t at likindum, to guess at a thing-,
frd likindum, beyond likelihood, extra-
ordinary (potti honum ixi. likindum,
hversu pungr hann var) ; til likinda
vi6, in comparison with ; (2) sem-
blance^ trace (um morguninn eptir sd
engi 1. Danavirkis).
liking, f. shape, form (hann Idt gera
jarnkroka i 1. akkerisfleina).
likja (-ta, -tr), v. to make like \ 1.
eptir e-m, to imitate ; refl., likjast e-m,
to be like, resemble (1. i aett e-s).
lik-kista, f. coffin.
lik-liga, adv. favourably ; taka
(svara) e-u -liga, to give a favourable
answer to ', -ligr, a. (i) likely, prob-
able (g0r af drauminum slikt er Jjdr
synist -ligast) ; f>orsteini var J)ar vel
fagnat, sem -ligt var, as might be ex-
pected', gora sik -ligan til ^-s, to show
oneself inclined to ; (2) eligible, pre-
ferable, suitable (nu pykkir Eyjulfi
J)etta et likligasta).
lik-ma(5r, m. one who assists at a
funeral, a coffn-bearet.
likn, f. ?nercy, relief, comfort ; veita
e-m 1,, to relieve, soothe; hvat er til
likna lagt SigurSi, what co?nfort is as-
signed for S. f
likna (acS), v. to show mercy to, with
dat. (hann liknar hvers manns m^li) ;
refl., liknast vi6 e-n, to sue one for
mercy (ef ek skal til biota hverfa ok
1. vid godin).
liknar-braut, f. path of mercy \
-galdr, m. healing spells, charms ;
-lauss, a. fnerciless ; -leysi, n. un-
merciful disposition.
likneski, n., liknesiga, f. (i) shape,
fo7-m ; (2) graven linage (1. Freys).
likn-fastr, a. strong in favour, be-
loved ; -ligr, a. helping, comforting ;
-samligr, a. merciful; -samr, a.
gracious, merciful', -stafir, m. pi.
good favour, comfort.
likr, a. (i) like, reseinbling (fri3r
synum ok mjok 1. foSur si'num) ; Kari
er 0ngum manni 1., K. has no match ;
likt ok ekki, like nothing (Steinolfi
potti t)at likt ok ekki) ; at liku, all the
same, nevertheless ; (2) likely, prob-
able (J)at er ok likast, at) ; (3) likely ^
promising, fit (lituc5ust J^eir um, hvar
likast vasri ut at komast).
lik-songr, m.. funeral dirge ; -l)ra, f.
leprosy ; -t)rar, a. leprous.
lim, n. lime, mortar (var J)at mikit
musteri ok gort sterkliga at limi).
lima (-da, -dr),v. {i)to litne with mor-
tar ; (2) to glue (I. skegg vi6 hoku s^r).
LIMI
[275]
LITT
limi, m. broofn or rod of twigs,
lim-setja, v. to set in It we.
lin, n. (i)^<2;ir(dr6sir sufircenar dyrt
1. spunnu) ; (2) linen, linen garment ;
ganga und )ini, to be wedded.
lina, f. litie, rope.
lina, f. bridal veil (cf. ' lin ' 2).
lin-broekr, f. pi. linen breeks] -dreg-
ill, m. lineft tape ; -dukr, m. linen
cloth, linen kerchief; -f6, n. bridal
gift', -frsB, n. flax-seed, linseed; -garn,
n. linen-yarn ; -hufa, f. Ii7ien cap ;
-hvitr, a. white as linen ; -kliitr, m.
linen kerchief; -klaetSi, n. pi. linen
raiment ; -kyrtill, m. lineti kirtle ;
-lak, n. linen bed- sheet ; -sekkr, m.
linen sack ; -serkr, m. linen shirt ;
-tjald, n. linen tent ; -vefr, m. linen
web, linen.
lita(lit; leit,litum; litinn), v. (i)
to look ; ok 1 augii leit, a?id looked hifn
in the eyes; (2) to see, behold (Solvi
gat at 1., hvar t)eir fly6u) ; (3) with
preps.. 1. i. e-t, to look on or at ; to
consider, take into consideration (hann
kvazt mundu 1. i. slik mdl) ; J)6tti
{>randr bratt hafa d. litit, Th. was
thought to have been hasty ; 1. d me3
e-m, to keep an eye on, take care of;
1. til e-s, to look towards one ; konungr
leit astaraugum til hennar, the king
cast love glances at her ; hver spurn-
ing litr jafnan til svara, a question
looks for an answer ; 1. vi5 e-m, to
look at o?ie (keisari leit vi3 honum ok
spurSi, hverr hann vaeri) ; 1. yfir e-t,
to look over (f». hafQi litit ytir verk
huskarla sinna) ; (4) refl., lizt e-m, //
seems {appears) to o?ie; leizt honum
maerin fogr, he thought the maiden
beautiful; sva lizt mer, sem, it seeins
to me that ; lizt Jj^r eigi silfrit, dost
thou not like the silver? ; hversu lizt
J)er i. mey J)essa, what dost thou think
of this maiden f; leizt m^r vel a kon-
unginn, / was pleased with the king ;
recipr., to look to one another (fellst
hvdrt o5ru vel i %^hy ok litust t)au vel
til ok bliSliga).
litil-:Qdrligr, a, weak, small, of little
account; -gseft, a. n., e-m er -gaeft
um e-t, one is not much pleased with ;
•h€efr, a. humble.
Htm (litil. litit), a. (i) little, small
in size (let hann laesa J)d f litilli stofu) ;
at ek var ekki 1. madr vexti, that I
was not small of stature ; (2) small
in amount, degree, &c. (Iftil var gleSi
manna at boQinu) ; sumar petta var 1.
grasvoxtr, a small {bad) crop ; landit
er skarpt ok litit matland, bad for
foraging; hann er 1. blotmaSr, no
great worshipper; J)at er litit mdl,
that is a small matter ; var hans
moSerni litit, of low rank ; jarl hafSi
hann lengi litinn mann gort, treated
him shabbily; 1. fyrir sdr, cf little
accou7it (J)er munut kalla mik litinn
mann fyrir mer) ; (3) of time, short,
brief; litla stund, for a short while ;
litlu siSarr, a little while after.
litil-latliga, adv. humbly ; -latligr,
a. condescending, hujnble ; -latr, a. =
-latligr; -leikr, m. smallnesSy little-
ness ; -leitr, a. small-faced ; -liga,
adv. little, in a sfnall degree ; -leeta
(-tta, -ttr), v., -lasta sik, to humble
oneself, condescend; -laeti, n. humility,
condescension ; -magni, m. a poor,
weak person ; -mannliga, adv. ifi a
paltry fnanner ; -mannligr, a. un-
manly, low, mean ; -menni, n. (i)
s?nall, mean person ; (2) one of low
condition ; -mennska, f. paltrijtess,
meanness ; -motliga, adv. = -mann-
liga ; -motligr, a. insignificant, small;
-raecSi, n. (ij sjnallness of estate, opp.
to greatness ; (2) degradation (henni
l^otti ser -rsQi i jjvi at smd-konungar
baou hennar) ; (3) trifle (pdr vseri -raedi
i at skipta hoggum vi3 Vatsdoeli).
litils-vertSr, a. of little worth, in-
significant ( synist \>6r J)at -vert ?).
iitil-veegiligr, a. of little weight or
mome7it ; -jrrkr, a. doing little work;
-l)a3gr, a. (i) content with little (mun
ek -l)£egr at yfirb6t) ; (2) particular
(hann er -t^asgr at orSum, ef honum
er i moti skapi).
litinn J)ann, as adv. a little ; ok
brosti at 1. ^., and smiled a little.
litt, as adv. (i) little ; ek kann 1. til
laga, / know but little of the law ;
hann nam litt sta6, he made a little
stand; (2) wretchedly, poorly, badly
(hon bar sik J)d 1. ok gret allsart).
LITTAT, LITTl»AT
[276]
IiJ6tr
Uttat, littt)at, adv. a little, — \\\\viXi
pann ; a small amount, a short time
(maslti Gisli, at J)eir skyldi bi3a littat),
Ija (16, 16(5a, 16Sr), v. (i) 1. e-m e-s
or e-m e-t, to lend ofie a thing (mun-
tu mer, Freyja, fjaSrhams Ijd ? ; bad
hann Ijd, s^r skip) ; [i) to grant, give
(vil ek, at J)u Ijdir mer tomstundar til
at finna Gizur) ; 1. sik til e-s, to lend
oneself to a thing (ef hann vill sik til
pass 1. at gera y3r mein) ; (3) impers.,
pat md vera, (at) {)er Ijai l)ess hugar
at hverfa aptr, may be thou art fninded
to retur7i ; ef Jier ler tveggja huga um
petta mdl, if thou art in two 7Jiinds in
this matter.
]ja, f. neiV'jnoivn grass (kona hans
rakadi Ijd eptir honum).
Ija-orf, n. scythe-handle.
Ijdr, m. scythe, = le (rare).
]j6c5, n. verse or stafiza of a song
(lj63 j)au, er kallat er grottasongr) ; a
ditty, a charm in verse ; usually pi.,
also in names of poems, as Hyndlulj63,
S6Iarlj66.
]j6t5a (at5), v. to make verses, sing]
1. i. e-n, to address one in verse.
IjoSan, f. verse-tnaking, singing.
li6tS-biskup,m = ly5-biskup; -heim-
ar, m. pi., the people's abode, world.
IjocSi, m., dlfa 1. the elves' king.
IjoSr, m. = ly3r.
Ijo^r, m. ble7nish, defect,
Ijoma (atS), v. to glea?n, shine ;
Ijomar af e-u, a thiftg gleams or
shines (IjomaSi af, er solin skein ^).
]j6nii, m. flash of light, radiance.
Ijon, n. = leon.
Ijonar, m. pi. 7nen (poet.).
Ijori, m. louver or opening in the
roof ({or the smoke to escape by, and
also for admitting light).
Ijos, n. (l) a burning light (peir
I)6ttust sjd fjogur Ijos 1 hauginum
brenna) ; kveikja 1., to 7nake a light ;
(2) light of the sun, &c. (hefir t)at Ijos
af solu) ; fig., Idta e-t i Ijos, to bring to
light, reveal', koma i 1., to cojne to
light, appear ', {'^) world; i pvisa Ijosi
ok oSru, in this life a7id the next.
Ijos-dlfr, m. light-elf', -bleikr, a.
light yellow^ pale ; -harr, a., -hsBrSr,
a. light-haired ; -jarpr, a. light-chest-
ftut (h^rit -jarpt, -jarpr i. har) ; -ker,
n. lantern, lamp ; -leikr, m. bright-
ness ; -liga, adv. clearly, plainly ;
-ligr, a. clear, plain ; -litaSr, a. light-
hued, light-coloured.
]j633, a. (i) light, bright; 1. dagr, a
bright day ; verSa Ijost, to grow light,
dawn ; (2) bright, shining (hann haf6i
exi Ijosa um 6x1) ; (3) light-coloured,
fair ; 1. d hdr, light-haired, = Ijoshdrr ;
Ijos vara, er77iine ; (4) clear, evident,
plain (hitt er Ijost, at J^eir muni vilja
vera uvinir minir) ; vil ek Ijosan gera
mik, I will speak out plai7ily , 77iake a
clean breast.
Ijoata (lyst ; lanst, lustum ; lost-
inn), V. (i) to strike, S77iite (laust hann
sveininn me6 sprota) ; 1. e-n kinnhest,
to give one a box on the ear ; hann
lystr ofan 1 miSjan hvirfil honum, he
dealt hi77i a blow in the 7niddle of the
crown ; laust hann selinn i svima, he
stu7i7ied the seal (by a blow on the
head) ; {7.) to strike, hit, with a spear,
arrow (^a var Knutr lostinn oru til
bana) ; t>j6st61fr skaut broddi, ok laust
undir kverkina, a7id hit him under the
chin ; (3) phrases, 1. drum 1 sjo, to
dash the oars i7ito the sea ; 1. eldi 1.
to put fire to ; 1. e-u upp, to spread
a rtmiour (skal ek {)d. 1. upp Jjeim
kvitt, at) ; 1. upp heropi, to raise the
war-cry, 1. e-u vi5 e-u, to put forth
i7i defence agai7ist {¥.. laust skildinum
vi3 kesjunni) ; G. lystr vi3 atgeirinum,
G. parries the blow with the bill ; (4)
impers., illviSri lystr d, bad weather
comes on of a sudde7i ; laust f bardaga
me6 peim mikinn, it ca77ie to a great
battle betwee7i the77i ; laust hraezlu 1
hug peim, they were panic-stricken ;
e-m lystr saman, to co77ie to blows,
begin to fight ; ok er saman laust
liSinu, when they ca7ne to close fight-
ing; myrkri lystr yfir, darkness co7nes
071 sudde7ily.
Ijostr (gen. -rs), m. salmon- spear,
Ijot-leikr, m. ugliness; -liga, adv.
in an ugly 7na7iner; -ligr, a. tcgly,
hideous ; -limaSr, a. with ugly li77ibs.
Ijotr, a. ugly ({>. var manna Ijotastr) ;
fdtt mun Ijott i. Baldri, on Balder
there are few ble77iishes.
LJtTFR
[277]
LOK
Ijufr, a. (i) beloved, dear (1. e-m) ;
(2) mild, gentle (hann var 1. ok litilld.tr
vi3 alia) ; (3) Ijuft ok leitt, pleasant
and unpleasant, weal and woe.
Ijuga (lyg ; laug or 16, lugum ;
loginn), V. (i) to lie, tell a lie (lygr
t)u nu, Atli !) ; mannfyla su, er J)etta
hefir logit, the rascal who has told
this lie ; 1. e-n e-u, to charge one
falsely with a thing (ef hann er loginn
pessu mdli) ; 1. e-u at e-m, to tell a
lie to one (eigi er logit at t)er) ; 1. i.
e-n, to tell lies about one, belie ; 1. til
e-s, to tell a lie about (1. til faSernis) ;
(2) to treat Jalsely, Brandr mun eigi
Ijuga stefnuna, B. will not fail to
come ; lygr skjoldrinn nu at mer, ?iow
the shield proves false to 7ne, fails me ;
(3) refl., Ijugast, to fail, prove false or
untrue (hefir ydr J)at sjaldan logizt, er
ek sagSa).
]jug-eiSr, vn. false oath, perjury,
-frotJr, a. untruthful; -gogn, n. pi.
false evidences', -heitr, a. false to
one^s word (cf. * uljugheitr ') ; -kvitSr,
m. false verdict ; -spar, a. prophesy-
ing falsely ; -vitni, n., -vsetti, n. false
witness, perjury ; -yrSi, n.falsehood,
Ijuka, V. see * luka '.
lot5a (loSi, lodda, lo^at), v. to
cleave to, stick, hang on (haf J)u J)at
silfr, er i harinu lodir) ; Hrutr hjo a
fot {jjostolfi svd at litlu loddi vi6, so
that it hung by a shred ; hon loddi d
hringinuni eptir magni, she kept as
firm hold as she could of the ring.
loddari, m. jtiggler, jester,
loS-broekr, f. pi. shaggy breeks,
lotSi, vci.fur cloak.
lo^in-hofSi, vs\. shaggy head', -kinni,
m. shaggy cheek (nicknames).
loSinn, a. (i) hairy, shaggy, woolly ;
aer lo6nar ok lembdar, ewes in fleece
and with lamb', 1. sem selr, shaggy as
a seal', (2) covered with thick grass
(tunit var uslegit ok gekk hestrinn
J)angat sem loc3nast var;.
\o%-\k-pdi,{. fur cloak, = \o^\ ; -olpa,
f. a large fur doublet.
lof, n. (i) praise, good report (opt
kaupir ser 1 litlu lofj ; (2) leave, per-
mission (ef konungr vill J)eim lof til
gefa) ; (3) in pi. license ; t)eir skulu
rdSa logum ok lofum, the administra-
tion rests with thein.
lofa (a5), V. (i) to praise (lofa konung
penna, en lasta eigi a3ra konunga) ;
(2) to allow, per7nit (1. e-m e-t) ; (3)
to promise (hann lofaSi at koma aptr).
lofan-ligr, a. praiseworthy.
lof-drdpa, f. laudatory poem.
lof f^ar, m. pi., poet. men.
loftSungr, m. ^go^X.. prince, king {^z.x
dtti lofSungr land d milli).
lof-gjarn, a. eager for praise or
renozvn ; -gjarnligr, a. laudatory ;
-g0r5, f./razj<?; -kveetSi, n. laudatory
poem,encomiu7n', -ligr, a. (i) lauda-
tory, praising (-lig or6) ; {1) praise-
worthy, glorious ; -ortS, n. leave, per-
i}iissio7i ; -saniliga, adv. gloriously ;
-samligr, a. glorious ; -semd, f.
praise, laudation (lofsemdarorS).
lofs-orcS, n. praise.
lof-saBla, f. estee7n, fa77te ; -saell, a.
glorious, fa77ious ; -songr, m. song of
praise, hy77in.
log, n. {\) fla7ne (kerti mjok mikit
ok log d) ; (2) esp. pi. lights, torches
(t)rju voru log 1 skalanum).
loga (aS), V. to burn with a flame,
to blaze ; hyr se ek brenna, en hau6r
1., / see the fire btirtiing and the earth
ablaze.
logi, m. fla7ne, blaze', brenna loga
(dat.), to burn stro7tgly, be ablaze ; {ja
var enn 1. i. eldinum, the fire was still
afia7)ie,
logn, n. cal77t (1. var veSrs) ; veSrit
datt (f^ll) 1 1., it fell dead cahn.
logn-drifa, f. arift of s7iow in calm
weather', -fara, a. indecl., poet, tran-
quil, peaceful (lundr -fara) ; -r6tt, f.,
liggja 1 -rett, to be becal/zied or drifting
slowly on the sea.
lok, n. (i) bolt {of a door); lata
ixi. hurSu, to unbolt a door ; (2) lock
(en lyklar voru settir i lokin) ; (3)
cover, lid (ok 1. yiir kerinu) ; (4)
locker or bench in the stem of a boat,
= stafnlok (gekk biskup fram i lokit) ;
(5) in pi. lockers', guUhringr hvarf fri
husfreyjuorlokum, out of the lockers',
(6) fig. in pi. end, conclusion ; J)at
fylgir lj63a lokum, this is the end of
77iy lay ; fcera e-t til loka, to put an
IiOK
[278]
LUKKA
end to ; H6a undir 1., to die, perish ;
at lakum, at last, = loks ; til loks, to
an end; completely, altogether.
lok, n. a kind oifern or weed', ganga
sem 1. yfir akr, to spread like weeds
over a field.
loka, f . bolt of a door (hurfiarloka) ;
Idta loku fyrir hur6, to bolt a door ;
spretta ixi. lokunni, lata loku ixi. hurS,
to unbolt a door; margr seilist um
hur3 til lokunnar, inany a man reaches
far to get what is near at hand.
loka (at5), V. to lock, shut (1. hurfiina) .
lokarr (-s, pi. lokrar), m. plane.
lokar-spdnn, m. plane- shavings.
lok-hvila, f. locked bed-closet.
lokhvilu-J)!!, n. wainscot or panell-
ing of a bed-closet.
lokka (a$), v. to allure, entice (^sir
lokkuSu Fenrisulf til t)ess at leggja
fjoturinn i, hann) ; 1. e-t af e-m, to coax
or wheedle out of one (ef menn sitja
um at 1. af m^r i€ mitt).
lokka-maSr, m. a man with thick
locks of hair.
lokkan, f. allurement , enticement.
lokkari, m. allurer, seducer.
lokkast (atS), v. to fall in locks
(hdrit lokkaSist ofan i herSar).
lokkr (-8, -ar), m. lock of hair.
lok-lausa, -leysa, f. nonsense, ab-
surdity (lygi ok loklausa).
lokna (at5), v. to come to an end, drop
(Idta 1. nidr mal).
lok-rekkja, f. = -hvila.
lokrekkju-golf, n. = hvflugolf.
loks, loksins, adv. at last, filially.
loku-gat, n. a hole for a latch ;
-flveinn, m. door-keeper.
lopt, n. (i) air, attnosphere, sky
(skein sol, ok var litt a 1. komin) ; 1.
var mikit til jarSar at falla, // was
a great height to fall down ; 1. ok
logr, sky and sea ; d 1. aloft, into the
air; bera (foera) a 1., to spread abroad;
hlaupa i 1. upp, to leap up into the
air ; liggja i 1. upp, to lie face tipper-
most ; a lopti, aloft, in the air, on
high ; taka spjot i. lopti, to catch a
spear as it flies ; (2) loft, upper room
(Gunnar svaf 1 lopti einu { skalanum) ;
(3) balcony (hann hleypr ofan or lopt-
inu d straetit^
lopt-dyrr, f. pi. the door to a ' lopt * ;
-eldr, m. lightning; -htis, n. 'loft-
chamber' ; -holl, f. 'loft-hair; -riS,
n. a staircase (outside the house) lead-
ing up to the loft or upper storey;
-skemma, f. an upper ' skemma ' ;
-stofa, f. upper room ; -svalar, -sva-
lir, f. pi. balcony, gallery.
los, n. looseness, breaking up (var
J)d, alstaSar los d fylkingunum).
losa (at5), v.{\) to loosen, make loose
(hann losar til heyit niSri vi6 jorSina) ;
(2) to perform, do (ok hefir pii J)d vel
losat {)itt erendi) ; (3) refl., losast, to
get loose, get away (l. or hernadi).
losna (a$), v. (l) to become loose,
get free {'^i. rettust fingrnir ok losnuSu
af meSalkaflanum) ; (2) fig., tok nu
bardaginn at 1., the ranks began to get
loose ; 1. i sundr, to dissolve, break up ;
(3) to get away (1. brott).
losta-fullr, a. lustful, lewd; -glrnd,
i.lust; ssiraligrya.. lecherous; -semd,
f.,-semi, f. lustfulness, lust, sensuality.
lost-fagr, a. so fair as to awaken
desire (-fagrir litir).
losti, m . lust, carnal desire.
lostigr, a. willing, ready, opp. to
'nauSigr' (skal ek deyja lostig).
lost-verk, n. labour of love ; l^tt eru
-verk, a labour of love falls light.
lota, f. (i) round, bout, tttrn (si3an
glima pair prjar lotur) ; (2) lotum, as
adv. by fits and starts, from titne to
time (en lotum horfSi hann d).
lotnlng, f. reverence, veneration.
16 (pi. loer), i. golden plover.
lofa-tak, n. (i) hand-shake; (2)
show of hands.
lofi, m. the hollow of the hand, palm
(mun ek bera l^at i lofa mer).
log, n. complete use ; leggjast 1 1., to
be used up ; Jjeir munu ekki ollu f 1.
koma, they will be unable to make use
of all {their forces).
loga (a^), V. (i) to part with, make
away with (logaSu eigi landinu) ; (2)
to waste, destroy (hvdrki mundi si.
drykkr viti {)eirra 1. n6 afli l^eirra).
lomr, m. loon, loom (the bird).
lomiindr (pi. -ir), m. lemming.
Ion, n. lagoon, inlet.
lukka. f. luck, good fortune.
liUWD
[279]
liYGI-KONUNGR
lund, f. (i) mind^ temper \ vera
mikillar lundar, to be of a proud ?nind\
(2) marmer ; d allar lundir, m every
way ; i. ymsar lundir, in various ways ;
d jDd. 1., d J)essa 1., in this way, thus.
lundaSr, pp. disposed, 7mnded
lundar-far, n. tejnper, disposition.
lunderni, n. temper, = lyndi.
lund-hoegr, a. gentle-minded.
lundi, m. puffin.
lundr (gen. -ar), m. (i) clump of
trees, grove ; (2) tree (rare).
lung, n. poet, war-ship.
lungu, n. pi. lungs.
lurka (atS), v. to cudgel, thrash.
lurkr (-S, -ar), m. cudgel.
liiSr (gen. -rs), m. (i) trumpet (bldsa
f 1.) ; (2) the stand of a hand-mill
(J)cer at luSri leiddar voru).
lucSra-gangr, m. sound of trumpets ;
-menn, m. pi. trumpeters ; -songr, m.,
-{)yt]r, m. = -gangr.
Iu5r-bldstr, m. blowing of trumpets',
-sveinn, -J)eytari, m. trumpeter.
lufa, f. thick and matted hair, a nick-
name of Harald the Fairhaired.
luinn, pp. (i) worn, bruised (v6ru
ok d,rar mjok lunar) ; (2) worn out,
exhausted (hann verdr luinn ; var luinn
hestr bans mjok) ; cf. * lyja '.
luka (lyk ; lauk, lukum ; lokinn),
\. {i) to shut {— 1. aptr) ; (21 to end,
bring to an end, finish, conclude, with
dat. (hann lauk roeSu sinni) ; pa er
menn hofSu lokit logskilum at msela,
when they had Jitiished their pleadi7ig',
(3) io pay, 1. e-m e-t (svd mikit it,
sem ver eigum konunginum at 1.) ; (4)
impers., lykr e-u, it is at an end; lykr
J)ar nu sogunni, here the story ends ;
eptir pat var lokit pinginu, after that
the Thing was broken up ; varpessvdn,
at ilia mundi ilium 1., that it would
end badly with a bad man ; pd var
lokit oUumvistum nema hval, all stores
were exhausted, except whale ; absol.,
svd lauk at lyktum, finally it elided
so that ; lykr svd, at peir kaupa pessu,
it ended so that they struck the bar-
gain ; i.br en lykr, d6r lykr, before the
end comes (nserr munum vi3 gangast
d6r lykr) ; um pat er \<jVx, finally, in
the end', (5) with preps., 1. aptr, to
shut-, with ace. or dat. (1. aptr hurSina
or hurSinni) ; 1. e-u f sundr, to open
(luk heill munni i sundr) ; impers., er
{ sundr lauk firdinum, when the fjord
opened ; 1. upp, to open^ with dat. or
ace. (1. upp hurSinni or hurdina) ; 1.
upp augum, to open the eyes ; to de-
clare, make known (en er jarl hafSi
pvi upp lokit, at hann mundi fylgja
peim) ; 1. upp gorS, to deliver a Judge-
ment (of an umpire) ; impers., lykr
e-u upp, // opens ; 1. vel (ilia) vi3 e-n,
to behave well {ill), deal fairly {un-
fairly)^ with a person (BoUi fekk
Sigridi gjaforS gofagt ok lauk vel vid
hana) ; 1. vi5, to e?td (md vera, at sva
luki vi3, at per pykki alkeypt) ; I. yfir,
impers., to come to an end, to a final
issue (skal nu yfir 1. me3 oss) ; (6) refl.^
lukast, to be shut (ok pegar laukst
hurSin d hasla honum) ; to come to an
end, to end {her lykst sjd bok) ; 1. upp,
to open (fjallit laukst upp norSan).
lus (pi. lyas), f. lotise (sdrt bitr
soltin lus ; lyss ok kleggjar).
lusugr, a. lousy (verjan var oil lusug).
luta (lyt ; laut, lutum ; lotinn), v.
{1) to lout, bow down (konungr laut
pd allt ni6r at jor6u) ; {1) to bow tc?'
in homage or worship (Erlingr laut
konungi ok heilsadi honum) ; (3) ta
give way, yield ', hinir Icegri verSa at
1., the weaker has to yield ; (4) with
preps., 1. at e-u, to bear upo?t, have
reference to (pat sem at ly tr pess manns
lofi) ; to bow for a thing ; 1. at litlu^
to be thankful for little; 1. til e-s, to
belong to, bear upon (petta efni lytr til
lofs herra Gu6mundi) ; to pay homage^
show deferetice, to (lutu allir til hans) ;
1. undir e-n, to be subject to (peir
EetluSu engan gu3 vera pann, er peir
dttu undir at 1.).
liitr, a. touting, bent downy stooping.
lydda, f. lazy villain.
lyf, n. 7nedicine, healing herb.
lyfja (at5), v. to heal ; 1. e-m e-t, ta
cure one of', 1. e-m elli, to kill one.
lyf-ateinn, m. healing stone, stone of
special virtue.
lygS» f- lie, falsehood, = lygi.
lygi (pi. lygar), f. lie, falsehood (pat
er ok in mesta 1.) ; -konungr, m.
LYGI-KVITTR
[280]
LYJA
false king ; -kvittr, m, false rutnour ;
-lauss, a. truthful ; -ligr, a. false
(-lig or6) ; -maOT, m. liar, impostor ;
-saga, {.false news, tmtrue story.
lygn, a. tr^/w, smooth, of wind and
waves (var veQr gott ok lygnt).
lygna (-di, -t), v. impers. to become
calm (lygndi veSrit).
lykill { pi. luklar and lyklar), m. key.
lykils-laust, adv. without using a
key (liika upp Ids -laust).
lyl^a (lyk, lukta, luktr), v. (i)
to shut in, enclose, close ; 1. e-n i
myrkvastofu, to shut one up in a dun-
geon ; (2) to put an end to (hvatki er
lifi bans hefir lukt).
lykkja, f. loop, coil of a rope, &c.
(hann hafQi lykkju ok dregr d bond
sor) ; gera lykkju d. leiSinni, to put an
end to one's journey, to stop ; coil oi a
serpent (ormr me3 lykkju mikilli ok
breiSum spordi).
lyklgottr, a. looped, ctirved.
lykk-lauss, a. without bend.
lykna (acSj, v. to bend the knees.
lykt, f. end, conclusion (su var6 1. i.
viSrskiptum t)eirra, sem nu md beyra) ;
esp. in pi., g0ra (vinna) lyktir a e-u,
to do, perform ; koma malum til lykta,
to bri7tg a case to afifial issue; leic5a
e-t til lykta, to bring to an end, finish ;
at lyktum, at last, fifially (p6 flySi
hann at lyktum) ; t^at verSr at lyktum,
at, the end of it was, that.
lykta (at5j, v. to bri?ig to an end,
finish ; impers., lyktar e-u, it ends.
lykta-lauss, a. endless.
lymska, f. wiliness, cunfiing.
lymskast (atS), v. to steal quietly,
to sneak (foerist hann a fcEtr ok lym-
skast fram at durunum).
lymsk-liga, adv. cunningly,
lymskr, a. wily, cunning.
lyndi, n. temper, disposition.
\jXidciS''bv8ig^,n. te?nper; -goSr, a.
good-tempered', -lag, n. temper, dis-
position ; -likr, a. of like temper.
lyndr, a. tempered', ilia 1., bad-
tempered, opp. to 'goQlyndr'.
lyng (dat. lyngvi), n. ling, heather.
lyng-all, m. ' heather-eel ', s?iake ;
-bakr, m. ^ ling-back\ a fabulous
sea-monster; -fiskr, m. *" ling-fish\
S7iake', -ormr, m. snake {living among
heather) ; -runnr, m. heath bush,
lypta (-pta, -ptr), v. to lift, raise,
with dat. (siSan lypti hon kdpuhetti
bans ok si. i andlit bonum) ; 1. e-u
upp, to lift up ; 1. ferd sinni, to start
on a jou7'ney ; impers., lyptir e-u, it
is lifted up, raised', lypti J)d mjok
brunum manna, their faces brightened',
refl., lyptast, to move, stir (lezt hann
ekki mundu {)a6an 1. fyrr en a bak
jolum) ; lyptist l)eim pd litt reiSi, their
anger was raised a little.
lypting, f. raised deck (in the after-
part of war-ships).
lyrgr, m. forelock ; taka e-m lyrg,
to take ofie by the forelock.
lyst, f. desire, pleasu7'e (rare).
lysta (-sti), v. impers., e-n lystir, one
desires, wishes ; lifSi hverr sem lysti,
every one lived just as he pleased ;
hann lysti at sja Island, he wished to
see Iceland', mik lystir til e-s, i e-t,
/ have a fancy to, a desire for (mik
lysti 1 bring J)enna).
lysti-liga, adv. delightfully ; -ligr,
a. delightful.
lysting, f. desire, pleastire, delight.
lysti-samligr, a. sensual (-samlig
girnd) ; -semi, f. = lysting.
lystr, a. desirous of, eager for (I.
e-s) ; lyst vdrumk pess lengi, I have
long wished for this.
lystugr, a. eager, desirous.
lyfS-biskup, m. suffragan bishop,
lyS-mac5r, m. co77i7no7ier, lay7nan ;
-mannligr, a. like a co77i7no7i man',
-menni, n. coll. = -menn.
ly(5r (-S, -ir, rarely -ar), m. (i)
people, esp. the co7n77ion people (er
konungr beyrSi dkafa lySsins) ; (2)
the 7ne77ibers of a household (gakk J)u
ut ok allr 1. me6 Jier) ; (3) pi. 77ien,
persons (allir lydir).
lySska, f. = lyzka.
Iyc5-3kylda, f. the duty of a liege-
77ian to his lord, ho77iage (eptir pat
veitti jarl bonum 0nga lydskyldu) ;
-skyldr, a., yielding lySskylda to one,
stibject to 07te ; -skyldugr, a. = -skyldr.
lyja (ly, luc5a, luinn), v. (i) to beat,
haf7ii}ter; 1. jdrn, to forge iro7i (with
a sledge-hammer) ; (2) to wear out.
LYRIT
[281]
l^rd6ms-madr
exhaust (lyr hann sottin ok deyr hann) ;
(3) refl., lyjast, to be worn, exhatiated
(toku menn t)d at 1. mjok a erfiSi).
lyrit, n., lyritr, lyrittr (gen. -ar),
m. veto^ interdict ; verja e-t lyriti, to
put a veto on ^forbid by law.
lysa (-ta, -tr), v. (i) to light up,
illuminate (sol skal 1. allan heim ok
verma) ; impers., ok lysir allt lopt af
faxi bans, a7idfrom his fnafie is lighted
up all the sky ; lysir af e-u, it shines,
glitters (lysti ok af hjdlminum, er solin
skein i) ; \ys\r, it gets light, it dawns
(um morguninn, er lysa tok) ; (2) to
manifest, show, exhibit (Heinir lystu
mikinn drengskap) ; (3) /<? proclaim,
publish, give notice of, as a law term ;
with ace, 1. frumhlaup, sdr, V\% d hendr
e-m, to charge one with, indict one
for, an assault, wound, manslaughter ;
with dat., 1. vigi d hendr ser, to declare
oneself to be the cause of a death ; (4)
to publish, proclaijn, with dat. (lysir
hann J)ingrei6 sinni) ; 1. yfir e-u, to
make known (S. lysir yfir erindi sinu
fyrir jarli) ; (5) impers., mi lysir hdr
yfir J)vi, at hun, now it became clear,
that she ; (6) to illutninate (a book).
lysa, f . gleatn, shimmering light (ek
se lysu nokkura til hafsins).
lysari, m. ilhnninator.
lysi, n. _(l) light, brightness-, (2)
means of lighti^tg ; oil, train-oil,
ly si-gull, n. bright gold.
lysing, f. (i) lighting, ilhmiination ;
(2) daybreak, dawn ; (3) declaration^
publication ; (4) bans of ?narriagc.
lysingar-skeicS, f. the time of day-
break ; -vattr, m. a witness to a
declaration, a law term ; -vaetti, n.
attestation to a declaration (lysing, 3).
lysis-fat, n. train-oil cask.
lyta (-tta, -ttr), v. (i) to blemish',
(2) to blame ; (3) /^ disgrace, violate.
lyta-flekkr, m. disfiguring spot ;
-lauss, 2.. faultless, without blemish.
lyti, n. (i) fault, blemish (t)at var
lyti d, at) ; (2) disgrace.
lyzka, f. (i) custo7n, tnanner (hann
hefir somu lyzku sina ok a6r) ; (2)
dialect, = mdllyzka.
lyzka^r, a. mannered.
lae (dat. laBvi), n., poet, venom, bane ;
blanda lopt lasvi, to poison the air;
sviga las, *■ siuitch-bane ', fire ; bidja
e-m laes, to wish one evil', longr eru
lyQa lae, the woes of men are long;
-blandinn, pp. baleful, vetiomous.
IsBgS, f. (i) a hollow, low place; (2)
lowness ; ( 3 ) deg r a dat ion .
laBgi, n. (i) berth, anchorage (leggja
ski pi i 1.) ; (2) opportu7iiiy , fair wind
(gaf f)eim ekki 1. ut or firQinum).
laeging, f. disgrace, degradation.
IsBgja (-5a, -"Sr), v. {\) to lower, let
down (1. segl) ; (2) fig. to hu7nble,
bring down (hann drap f)a, eda lasgSi
t)d d annan veg) ; (3) impers., laegir
e-t, // is lowered, si7iks ; J5eir sigldu
svd, at lond (ace.) IsegSi, they sailed
so far that the land sank out of sight ;
pegar er solina laegdi, when the sun
sank ; of a storm, // abates (J)d tok at
1. veQrit) ; (4) refl., l^gjast, to fall,
sink, abate (vindar laeg6ust ; af hans
tilkvdmu lasgSist harkit).
l8B-gjarn, a. guileful.
leegr, a., eiga lasgt at kirkju, to have
a right to be buried at a church,
IfiBkna (a(5), V. /^ cure, heal.
laeknan, f. cure, — laskning.
IsBknari, m. physicia7t.
laekning (pi. -ar), f. (i) cure ; Hallr
var at laskningu at Hvdli, H. was
ufider medical treat7nent at H. ; (2)
77iedicine (goQ 1.) ; (3) the healing art.
laBkntngar-bragS, n. medical re-
source ; -ijjrott, f . heali7ig art ; -lyf,
n. 7neans of healing, 7nedicine.
laBknir (-is, -ar), m. physician.
IsBknis-bragtS, n., -domr, m. 7nedi-
cine ; -gras, n. healing herb ; -hendr,
f. pi. healing hands ; -lyf, n. medicine.
IsBmingr (-s, -ar), m. loo77i (bird).
l8Br, n. (i) the leg above the knee,
thigh (Kolskeggr hjo d laerit ok undan
fotinn) ; ^2) ha77i, of meat (Iser af
tirevetrum uxa).
IfiBia (-c5a, -Sr), v. to teach (hann
lasrSi Ara prest) ; laerast at e-m, to get
infor7natio7i fro77i a perso7t .
Ifier-domr, m. (i) learning, scholar-
ship; (2) the clergy (ofundarmenn
Icerdomsins).
IsBrdoms-list, f. art of learning \
-ma6r, m. scholar (-maSr mikillj.
li-ffiBBR
[282]
LOG-MADR
l8Brt5r, pp. learned (vel 1. l^egar d
unga aldri) ; IserSir menn, clerics.
l88ri-fat5ir, m. teacher^ 7naster,
laering, f. teaching^ iftstruction.
laBri-sonr, m., -sveinn, m. disciple.
laer-leggr, m. thigh- bo fie.
Isesa (-ta, -tr), v. (i) to lock, with
dat. ; laesti hon loptinu innan, she
locked the rooin from the inside ; kirk-
jur voru allar laestar, all the churches
were locked \ (2) to shut in, lock up
(hon fylgdi henni i utibur ok lassti
f)au par) ; (3) to set in metal (1 hjalti
sverSsins voru Isestir lyfsteinar).
Ia3ti (dat. latum), n. pi. (i) noise,
cries (slik 1. J)6ttist konungrinn eigi
heyrt hafa) ; (2) manners, voice (lit
hefir {)u Gunnars ok 1. hans).
laBvirki (pi. -jar), m. lark (bird).
lae-viai, f. craft ; -viss, a. crafty.
loeSingr, m. a fetter (one of those
put upon the wolf Fenrir).
loef 5, f. hand's breadth.
IcBkjar-fall, n. running brook ; -far,
n. the bed of a brook ; -6ss, m. mouth
of a brook ; -ras, f. = -fall.
Icekr (-jar, -ir), m. brook, rivulet.
lets (gen. laSar), f . invitation (poet.).
lotSr, n. froth, see ' laudr '.
lotSr-mannligr, a. mean, despicable ;
-menni, n. inean, feeble person.
log, n. pi. (i) law, laws (med logum
skal land byggja,enme6 6logumey6a);
leggja 1. d e-t, to establish by law ;
leida e-t i 1., to bring into law, intro-
duce a law ; taka e-t i 1., /^ accept as
law (fyrr en kristni vseri i 1. tekin d
island!) ; hafa e-t i logum, to adopt
by law {J)at var i logum haft i. Islandi) ;
setja 1., to give law ; doema e-m 1., to
adjudge one's case according to laiv ;
leita laga vi3 e-n, to go to law with ;
rsena e-n logum, to deprive one of law,
to treat one unfairly ; segja or segja
upp 1., to recite the law, say what is
the law, at (eptir, me6) logum, ac-
cording to law ; (2) participation or
fellowship in law (J)raelar eru ekki i
logum me6 oSrum monnum) ; leiSa
e-n i 1., to 7nake one a full member of
a community (eru JDeir nu leiddir i 1.
me6 J)eim Jomsvikingum).
log-arfi, m. lawful heir', -dvoxtr.
m. legal interest ; -beitSing, f. legal
demand.
Log-berg, -bergi, n. the law-rock
(the place at the AlJ)ingi where the
laws were recited).
Logbergs-ganga, f. the procession
(of the ' go6ar ') to the law-rock.
log-binda (see binda), v. to bind,
stipulate by law ; -bjo^Sa (see bjoSa),
V. to order, p?-escribe by law ; -bo$, n,
lawful call, demand', -bok, f. law-
book, code of laws ; -brot, n. breach
of law ; -brotsm.at5r, m. law breaker ;
-bii, n. lawful household; -deila, f.
law quarrel, litigation ; -domr, m.
(i) lawful court', (2) legal sentence \
-eggjan, f. just {lawful) provocation ;
-eiSr, m. lawful oath ; -eindagi, m.
legal term ; -eyrir (pi. -aurar), m. (i)
legal money, legal payment', (2) =
eyrir, six ells of ' vaSmdl ' ; eighth
part of a mark', -fardagr, m. a legal
time for 7noving one's household ',
-fasta, f. law -fast ; -fastnan, f. law-
ful betrothal', -fastr, a. domiciled',
-fd (see fa), v. to receive legally.
log-fakr, m. ^ sea-horse\ ship (poet.).
log-froSr, a. learned in law ; -froetSi,
f. law, jurisprudence ; -fuUr, a. law-
ful, legal', -fundr, m. lawful meeting,
public fneeting.
logg (gen. laggar), f. groove in the
staves of a cask.
log-gartSr, m. lawful fence.
loggra (a^), v. to wag the tail (rare).
log-grit5, n.pl. lawful abode', -heim-
ili, n. lawful dofnicile ; -klokr, a. =
-kcenn ; -krokar, m. pi. law qtiibbles ;
-kvoS, f. legal summons ; -koeni, f.
skill in the law, -koenn, a. versed,
skilled in the law ; -keen ska, f. =
-koeni ; -lauss, a. unlawful ; -leic5a
(see leitSa), V. {\) to bring {a f reed-
man) to the privileges of the law, =
leiSa e-n i log ; {2) to introduce as
law, = leiSa e-t i log ; -leysa, f. law-
lessness, lawless state ; -liga, adv.
lawfully ; -ligr, a. lawful, legal ; -lys-
ing, f. legal declaration (in pleading) ;
-matSr, m. (i) lawyer (Njdll var -maSr
svd mikill, at engi fannst hans jafn-
ingi) ; (2) later, = ' logsogumadr ' (as
log-mAl
[283]
liOT
in Norway and Sweden) ; -mdl, n.
{i) Prescriptioti, rule of the law \ (2)
law ; {3) mutual agreement.
logmdls-bok, f. book of the law ;
-spjold, n. pi. law tables ; -sta^r, m.
legal point, g7'ound of action\ -ork, f.
the ark of the covenant,
lo^'in^ltYf^^. prescribed in the law
(oil -mselt skil ) ; -msetr, a. ( i ) = -maeltr
(oil -mast skil) ; (2) coming under the
law, punishable (-mastar sakir).
16gn (gen. lagnar), f. a net laid in
the sea, opp. to * dragnet '.
log-prettr, m. law-quibble ; -pund-
ari, m. legal steelyard.
logr (gen. lagar, dat. legi), m. (i)
sea\ koma um log, to come by sea ;
lopt ok log, air and sea ; lands e3a
lagar, d landi e3a legi, on land or sea ;
(2) water, a7iy liquid.
log-ratSandi, m. legal guardian,
warden ; -rengd, f. legal challetige ;
-r6tt, {.public fold \ -retta, f. (i)'///^
legislature in the Icelandic Common-
wealth ; also the place where the legis-
lative sittings were held ; ganga til
-r^ttu, to proceed to the -retta ; (2) in
Norway, and also in Iceland after the
union with Norway, public court of
law ; -r6ttr, m. ' law-right^ compen
sation legally due to one.
16gr§ttu-mat5r, m. me7Jiber of the
' logretta ' ; -skipan, f. order, con-
st ituiion of the ' logretta ' (as to the
number of its members).
16g-ruSning, f. legal challenge (of
neighbours or judges) ; -rsena (-da,
-dr), V. to deprive of law, = r2ena. e-n
logum ; -reeningr, m. a person who
has been cheated of his lawful right ;
-saga, f. ( I ) * law-speakitig ', pro-
nouncing the law ; (2) the office of
the ' logsogumaSr ' (taka -sogu, hafa
-sogu) ; (3) declaration of the ' log-
sogumaSr ' or * logmadr ' (f)d ba6 kon-
ungr I'ori logmann birta sina -sogu) ;
-sekr, a. guilty by law (hvarigir ur5u
-sekir) ; -^'andi (pi. -sjdndr), m. (i)
surveyor; (2) eye-witness^ lawful
witness ; -skil, n. pi. pleadings or
proceedings as prescribed in the law
= logmaelt skil (MorQr maelti -skil at
vanda sinum) ; -skilnatSr, m. legal di-
vorce; -akipsm, i. ordinance; -skyld,
f. legal debt ; -skyldr, a. (l) bound by
law ; (2) prescribed by law ; -spakr,
a. learned in the law ; -speki, f.
jurisprudetice ; -stefna, f. lawful
smnmons; -sogn, f. (i) the juris-
diction of a ' logmaQr * ; (2) office of
a ' logma3r *; (3) declaration made by
a 'logmadr '.
logsogu-maSr, m. lawspeaker,
log-taka (see taka), v.{\)to receive
by law; {2) to accept as law (Jsa erkrist-
ni var -tekin) ; -titSir, f. pi. canonical
hours ; -tiiind, f. lawful tithe.
logu-nautr, m. (i) mess?nate ; (2)
7nate, colleague, companion ; -neyti,
n. 7nessmateship.
log-vellir, m. poet., boiler, kettle.
log- villa, f. fraudulent procedure ;
-villr, a. mistaken in point of law ;
-vitr, a. = -spakr; -vorn, f. lawful
point of defence ; -ping, n. (l) in Nor-
way, general assembly, parlia77ient ;
(2) public meeting (Gunnar reid til
! allra mannfunda ok -J)inga).
lorn (pi. lamar), f. hinges (of a chest).
longu, adv. long ago, lo7ig since.
longum, adv. long, co7iti7iuously
(Eirikr var 1. me6 foSur si'num) ;
compar., lengrum, lo7iger (1. en log
stoSu til) ; superl., lengstum, mostly,
7nost of the ti}7ie (hofuSborg sti, er
Geira sat f 1.).
Icskr (ace. -van), a. weak, good-for-
nothing (1. mun hann ae heitinn).
Icstr (gen. lastar, dat. lesti ; pi.
lestir, ace. lostu), m. {i) fault, flaw ;
segja kost ok lost i. e-u, to tell fairly
the ^ood and bad of a thing ; (2) mis-
behaviour; (3) vice (1. ofdrykkjunnar).
lot (pi. latar), f. dissuasion ; telja
latar d um e-t, to raise difficulties
about a thi7ig»
MADKA
[284]
MANNA-MISSIR
M
ma^ka (a5), v. to become maf^goty.
ma^ka-haf, n., -sjor, = maSksjor.
matSk-fullr, 2.. full of maggots.
matSkr (-s, -ar), m. maggoty grub,
worm\ maSka ic^zidi, food for worms.
iriac5k-sj6r, m. a sea full of w or 771s ;
-smoginn, pp. worm-eaten (of a ship).
ma(5r (gen. manns, pi. menn, with
the art. menninir), m. (l) inan (ir-
respective of sex), hu77ian being (gu3
skapaSi si3arst menn tvd, er asttir eru
frd komnar) ; syndi m. manni, one
showed it to another, it went rojmd
from ha?td to hand ; fjoldi manns, a
great number of people ; mugr manns,
crowd of people ; (2 ) degree in kinship ;
vera at l^riSja, fjorda, fimta manni, to
be related in the third, fourth, fifth
degree ; hann var manni firr en systr-
ungr BarSar, he was the son of a
cousin of B.\ (3) man, opp. to ' kona '
(si6an for hann til manna sinna).
mag-all, va. flesh of the belly ; -fyllr,
f. belly-full.
magi, m. stomach, belly, = kviSr.
m.agn, n. strength, power ; eptir ollu
magni, to the best of one's power.
magna (acS), v. {i) to chartn, make
strong by spell (hann magnaSi me6
miklum blotskap likneski l^ors) ; m.
fjolkyngi, seid, to work a spell', (2)
refl., magnast, to increase in power,
grow stro7tg {Gldmr tok at magnast af
nyju) ; eldrinn magnaQist, the fire in-
creased in strength.
magns-munr, m. differe7tce in
stre7igth or power.
magr (mogr, magrt), a. lean.
magr-ligr, a. lean-looking, pinched.
maka (pi. mokur), i.fe77iale 77tate,
maki, m. match (m. e-s).
miakindi, n. ^\. f7'ie7idly t7itercourse.
mak-liga, tl&v. fitly, properly.
maklig-leikr, m. desert', at -leik,
eptir -leikum, deservedly ; hafa -leika
til e-s, to deserve.
mak-ligr, a. (i) 7neet^ p7'0per, be-
coming (er t)at makligt, at) ; (2) de-
serving (makligr e-s or til e-s).
inakr,a. (i) easy to deal with (J)a5an
frd var EindriSi hinn makasti) ; (2)
only in compar., 77iore suitable, be-
C077iing, convenie7it (H. kva3 honum
makara at sitja vi3 elda en vera i
sjoforum).
mak-ra5r, a. pleasant, agreeable,
makt, f. 77iight, power.
mala(mel; mol, molum; malinn),
V. to gri7id (m. valby gg).
malar-, gen. from ' mol ' ; -grjot, n.
beach-pebbles', -kambr, m. pebble-
ridge along the beach.
malir, f. pi. croup of cattle.
malr (-s, -ir), m. knapsack.
malt, n. 77ialt (for brewing) ; -hlatJa,
f. 7nalt ba7'n ; -klyfjar, f. pi. malt
packs (carried by horses).
man, n. (i) household, house-folk \
bondslaves', (2) bo7tdwo7nan, fe7nale
slave ; pasr 'ro mdttkar meyjar at mani
hafdar, these 77iighty maids are held
in bondage; (^) wo7nan ; esp. young
wo77ian, 7}iaid', liki leyfa bins Ijosa
mans, to p7-aise the fair maid's form.
mana (atS), v. to challe7ige,
mang, n. ba7'ter, peddling.
manga (a$), v. to barter, chaffer.
mangari, m. motiger, higgler.
mangi, pron., see ' manngi '.
man-kynni, n. pi. choice of77iatdens.
manna-, gen. pi. from ' ma6r ' ;
-bein, n. pi. htmian bones ; -bygS, f.
inhabited dist7'ict.
mannaSr, pp. (i) 7na7i7ied, furnished
with 7nen, of a ship (vel, ilia m.) ; (2)
{ivell) b7ought up ; var moQir mm vel
monnuS, well b7'ed ; skaltu vita, at
hann er vel m., that he is an acco77t-
plished 7nan', mannaSir at \\6^, fairly
well-bred 77ie7i.
manna-dreyri, m. hu77ian blood,
mann-afli, m. stre7igth in 77ien.
m.anna-forrat5, -forrsBSi, n. rule,
doi7iinion, authority ; -for, n. pi.
7nen's footpri7its \ -for, f. = mannfer5;
-grein, f. disti7iction of men ; -hold,
n. hu77ian flesh ; -hus, n. pi. 77ien^s
houses; -kjot, m.=-hold; -XoXtXi, loss
of 7nen, loss of life, death ; -mal, n.
human voices, himian speech', -missir.
MANNA-MOT
[285]
MANN-KYN
m. loss of men ; -mot, n. = mann-
fundr ; -munr, m. distinction^ differ-
ence of men ; -mugr, m. crowd of
people ; -reit5, f. riding of men, body
ofhorsejnen ; -samnatSr, m. gathering
of 7nen ; -seta, f. men staying in a
place ; -skip an, f. (i) the placing of
people (at a banquet) ; (2) people seated
at a bafiqtcet; -skipti, n. pi. exchange
of men ; -slotS, f . track of men ; -spor,
n. \>\. footprints of 7nen.
mannast (a5), v. refl. to become a
{proper) 7ftan, to be brought up to
tnanhood (^orir var madr aittsmir ok
hafSi mannazt vel).
manna-ssettir, m. peace-7naker ;
-taka, f. reception of strangers.
mann-au(5n, f. depopulation.
manna-vegr, m. a road where men
pass ; -verk, n. pi. work by hu7nan
hands ; -vist, f. human abode ; -void,
n. pi, e-t er af -voldum, // is dtie to
hu7nan causes, is done by men.
mann-bjorg, f. the saving of life \
brutu J)ar skipit allt i span, en ^6 var3
-bjorg, but the 7nen' stives were saved ;
-blot, n. huf}ian sacrifice ; -bo(5, n.
banquet \ -broddr, m. ice-spur \
-bcBtr, f. pi. weregild (for one slain) ;
-dau(5i, m., -dautJr, m. loss of Ife,
mortality, -dacS, f. 77ianful deedy act
of prowess ; -deild, f. difference of
opinion y division ; -djofull, m. fiend
of a 77ia7i ; -domligr, a. 77ianly ;
-domr, m. (i) htwian nature \ (2)
77taniiness, prowess-, (3) h7i7namty,
ge7ierosity ; syna e-m -dom, to show
kind7iess to one.
manndoms-leysi, n. unmanliness^
meanness ; -ma^r, m. a brave 77ian.
mann-drdp, n. 77tt(rder, slaughter.
manndrapa-laust, adv. without
slaughter or loss of life (saettast -laust}.
mann-drapari, m., -drapsma^r, m.
man- slayer, 77iurderer ; -dygS, f.
virtue ; -dyrSir, f. pi. 7nanly qualities;
-eldi, n. 7nai7itenance of a perso7i ;
-eygr, a. = -ygr ; -fagna^r, m. the
fare at a banquet^ great entertain-
77ient ; -fall, n. slaughte7; loss of life
(in battle) ; -fang, n. ; eiga -fang i
sonum, to have able sons ; -farmr, m.
shipload of 7nen -far, a. having few
77ien (hafa -fatt) ; pykki mer -fdtt 1
h(£.n\ivs\, few people ; -fev^^i. passage,
passing of people ; -:Qandi, m. human
fiend ; -fjoldi, m. multitude, crowd of
77ien ; -fleiri, a. compar., see '-margr' ;
-foil, m. fool, idiot ; -folk, n. 77ian-
kind, me7i (allt mannfolk) ; -froSr, a.
skilled in '-froeSi ' ; -froeSi, f. history,
^s"^. genealogies ; -fundr, m. 7neeting;
-fyla, f. 77iean, worthless fellow , rascal;
-faB§, f. lack of people, smallness of
population ; -foeSa, f. , -foeSi, n. hu7nan
food ; -foer 5, f. co7idition of a road ;
-for, f. = -ferd ; -gartSr, m. ring of
77ien ; -gersemi, f. 'jewel of a man *,
paragon (hinar beztu -gersemar).
mann-gi (gen. mannskis), pron. no
7nan, nobody ; mannskis mogr, no
77ian^s son.
mann-girnd, -girni, f. a longing for
a htisba7td ; -gjarn, a. eager to marry ;
-gjarnliga, adv. eagerly; -gjold, n. pi.
weregild ; -goezka, f. kindness, good-
ness ; -hdr, a. of a man^s height; lypta
-hitt, to a man's height ; -haski, m.
danger of life ; -he'fnd, f. blood re-
venge ; -heill, {.favour, good report ;
hann hafdi -heill mikla, he was very
popular.
mannheilla-matSr, xn. popular man
mann-helgr, f. inviolability of per-
son, sanctuary (t)ar var -helgr mikil) :
-hringr, m. circle, ring of 77ien :
-hundr, m. dog of a ma7i, scoundrel :
-bus, n. pi. dwelling-houses ; -haetS, f.
man's height ; -baetta, f. = -hdski.
mann-baettr, a. dangerous to life.
mannbaettu-laust, adv. without
da7iger of life.
mann-hofn, f. keeping^ 7naintenance
of a person ; -illska, f. wicked7iess ;
-jafnatSr, m. (i) co77iparison of 77ien ;
fara i -jafnaS, to 77iake a co77iparison
between persons ; (2) 77iatching or
pairing of persons (as to the weregild
to be paid) ; -kaup, n., i e-m er gott
-kaup, he is a great acquisition ;
-kind, f. (l) 77icmki7td; (2) race',
-kostir, m. pi. good qualities, virtues ;
-kvaBmd, f. run of visitors; -kveemt,
a. n., J)ar var ekki -kv^mt, few came
there, it was a lo7iely place ; -kv .cS, f.
levying of men ; -kyn, n. mankind ;
MANN-LAUSS
[286J
MAR-BAKKI
-lauss, a. without a husband \ -lAt, n.
loss of life ; -leysi, Xi. good far-nothing
fellow ; -liga, adv. manfully ; -ligr, a.
(i) human (-ligt e51i) ; (2) manly ^ be-
coming a ?nan (er J)at -ligra at fara at
duga honum) ; -likan, f. image of man ;
-lyti, n. blemish ; -IsB^a, -Isera, f. =
-leysi ; -16str, m. blemish^ faulty opp.
to ' -kostr ' ; -margr, a. having ma7iy
men ; hafa -margt, to have many
people f forces; hafa -fleira, to have
more men^ followers'^ -nierg'5, f. host
of people, crowd ; -metnatSr, m. hoti-
our, esteem (among men) ; longun
til -metnaSar, ambition ; -mugr, m.
crowd of people \ -niSingr, m. tnis-
creant ; -or$, n. fa7ne, repute ; -raun,
f. (i) tf'ial (of courage), danger^ peril
(jafn hinum fremstu i ollum -raunum) ;
(2) trial (of the feelings), adversity
(t)d er hann misti sonar sins, var ]Dat
J)6 -raun, en petta engi) ; -racS, n. pi.
plots against a man's life ; standa i
-rd6um, to take part in such plots,
manns-aldr, m. a ?nan's lif\ genera-
tion (morgum -oldrum siSarr).
mann-sanmaSr, m. gathering of
7nen^ people assembled.
manns-bani, m. man-slayer\ -barn,
n. human being, living soul (hvert
-bam) ; -bl6(5, n. human blood; -bukr,
m. body, corpse ; -efni, n. the makings
of a man ; promising young man.
mann-sekt, f.,esp. p\. -sektir, penalty
paid in one^s person, opp. to ' fesekt',
outlawry, banishtnent; -semi, f. man-
fulness, valour.
manns-fylgja, f. fetch of a man ;
-hdr, n. human hair ; -hofuS, n.
human head ; -hond, f. hujnan hand.
mann-skaSi, m. loss of life, great
loss in a person's death (ok er |)at enn
mesti -skaSi at taka pd af lifi).
mannskapar-lauss, a. lacking in
strength and manhood, pithless,
mann-skapr, m. manfulness, man-
hood, valour; -skelmir, m. rascal;
-skepna, f. poor creature.
manns-kona, f. married woman.
mann-skraefa, f. miserable coward;
-skosJSr, a. dangerous to life ; -skcE6
orrosta, a bloody fight.
manns-liki, n. likeness of man,
human shape ; -mot, n. manly 7nien^
mark of a true man ; -mynd, f. human
forfn (taka mannsmynd d sik).
mann-somi, m. honour, reputation ;
-spell, n. destruction of life ; -spjall,
n. = -spell ; -stormr, m. rush of people.
m.anns-vdt5i, m. = mannskadi (var6
hinn mesti -vd,6i) ; -vit, n. ' mart's
wit ', hufnan understanding {hundrinn
hefir -vit) ; -sefi, f. a ma7is lifeti7ne
(mart kann skipast i. -aefinni).
mann-tak, n. 77ianhood, pith ; -tal,
n. (i) ''tale of 77ien\ 77iuster ; (2)
ce7isus ; -tapi, m. loss of life ; -tjon,
n. = -tapi ; -uc5igT, a. gentle^ affable ;
-val, n. choice people, select body of
77ien (hafdi hann gott -val) ; -vandr,
a. (i) particular as to choice of a
husband; (2) regtii7'ing an able 77ian ;
-veiSr, f. seizi7ig, catchi7ig of a man ;
-villa, f. 7nisstate77ient of paternity ;
-virSing, f. rank, re7town, honour;
-virki, n. (i) work of human hands ;
(2) great work (ok er l)at it mesta
-virki) ; -vit, n. understa7iding ;
-vitsamligr, a. sensible, intelligent.
mannvits-lauss, a. void of under-
standing; -litill, a. with little wit;
-m.a$r, m. wise 7nan.
mann-vitull, m. _/<?<?/(?) ; -vaanligr,
-v8Bnn, a. hopeful, pro77iisi7ig ; -v8Brr,
a. entitled to be with other 7?ie?i ; -ygr,
a. vicious, dangerous (of a bull) ;
-J)r6ng, f. throng of 7nen ; -J)urfi, a.
in need of 77ien ; -SBta, f. ca7inibal ;
-oeli, n. wretch.
man-runar, f. pi. * love-7-u7ies ', love-
spells ; -sal, n. ; selja e-n -sali, to sell
one as a slave.
mansals-macSr, m. bond7nan.
man-skseri, n. pi. 77iane-shears.
mans-nia(5r, m. = mansalsmaSr.
man-stoet5i, n. place of the 77iane.
man-scngr, m. love so7ig ( = man-
songskvasSi) ; -ungr, a. youthful \
-v61, f. ^love-trick' (poet.).
Man-verjar, m. pi. the Manxmen,
mara (-tSi), v. to be waterlogged,
float low in the water (marSi {)d undir
t)eim skipit).
mara, f. nightmare, incubus.
m.ar-dlmr, m. sea-reed, marram ;
-bakki, m. steep bank near the shore
MARD-SKINK"
[287]
MARMARI
marS-skinn, n. marten s fur.
marg-breytinn, 2i. fickle^ 7vhimsical\
-breytni, {. fickle7iess \ -dyrr, a. very
dear', -eygr, a. many-eyed \ -falda
(atS), V. to multiply ; -faldan, f. 7?m/ti-
plication ; -faldliga, adv. 7nanifoldly ;
-faldr, a. manifold ; -froSr, a. learfied
in many things, snitch knowing',
-froetSi, f. (i) varied learning', (2)
magic ; -hattaSr, a. 77iultifarious, of
many kinds ; -heyrSr, pp. often heard;
-kunnandi, pr. p. knowi7tg 7nany
things ; -kunnigr, a. ( i ) = -froSr ; (2)
= fjolkunnigr; -kvislaSr, -kvlslottr,
a. 7nany-branched', -kvasmt, a. n.
where 7nany people C07ne (J)ar var eigi
-kvsemt) ; -kyndigr, a. = -kunnigr ;
-latr, a. fickle, loose ; -leikar, m. pi.
intimacy, f7'iendly intercourse, opp. to
* fdleikar ' ; -liga, adv. friendly, in-
ti77iately, opp. to * faliga ' ; -lyndr, a.
fickle-77iinded ', -Iseti, n. fickleness^
wantonness, looseness', -malugr, a.
talkative', -menni, n. mtiltitude, 77iany
77ien ; -mennr, a. with ?nany 77ien
(hversu -mennr ertu ?) ; -maalgi, f.
loquacity, -ma9ltr,pp. talkative', -opt,
adv. very often ; -oror, a. using many
words, long-winded', -prettottr, a.
very cu?ining or tricky.
margr (morg, mart), a. (i) in sing,
in a collect, sense, both as subst. and
adj., many a {one) ; m. madr, tnany a
person ; m. mun J)ik ofunda, many a
one will envy thee ; neut., mart, ma7iy
things, opp. to 'fitt ' (tala m., margs
vitandi) ; i morgu, i7i many things,
in many respects ; fyrir margs sakir,
for ma7iy reasons ; mart manna, many
people', (2) in plur. many (sserSr morg-
um sdrum) ; (3) fig. friendly ^ C07n-
municative, opp. to ' fdr ' (var hann
m. vi8 Arna biskup).
margr, m. great nu7nber ; ekki m^
vi6 margnum, no one can stand against
great odds.
mar-greifi, m. margrave, marquis.
marg-rceddr, pp. much talked of {tx
-roett um e-t) ; -roeSinn, a. talkative ;
-sloegr, a. very sly ; -smugall, a.
penetrating, subtle ; -spakr, a. very
wise-, -tala^r, pp. (i) = -masltr; (2)
much talked of (g0ra -talat um e-t) ;
-ticSr, a. very co77i7non , frequent (-tftt
er, at menn deyi) ; -vitr, a. of many-
sided lear7iing ; -visligr, a. various,
of 77ia7iy kinds ; -viss, a. = -frodr ;
-yrSr, a. of 7nany words = -or5r.
mar-gygr, f. 77ier77iaid, sea-ogress.
mark, n. (i) 7nark, token, sign ; l)at
er eitt m. um djarfleik hans, one proof
of his dari7ig', til marks um e-t, as a
token {proof) of', (2) ?7iatter of i77i-
portance ; er Jiat ekki m., it signifies
nothi7ig', litit m. er at ^vi, it is of
little consequence ; litit m. var {id at,
er peir Beli hittust, of 7io great account
was his meeting with B. ; at marki,
in real earnest, greatly (reiSast at
marki) ; (3) 7nark (as a sign of pro-
perty) ; kenna sitt m. a e-u,/^ recog7iize
as 07ie's own 77iark ; a mark on sheep's
ears (J)d. var m. Sigfuss d sauQum) ;
(4) orna7nental figure (hon hafSi knytt
um sik bl^EJu ok voru i mork bM) ;
(5) boundary 77iark (skogar m.).
mark a (at5), v. (i) to 77iark, draw
the outline of; m. grundvoU undir
kirkjuna, to draw the ground-plan of
the church ; (2) to mark as one's pro-
perty (J)au naut voru 611 einn veg
morkud) ; (3) to 7uark by an e77ible7n
(er J)at mitt xisS, at menn marki stdl-
hufur sinar) ; (4) to draw (hann hafSi
rau6an skjold ok markaSr d hjortr) ;
(5) to observe, infer (ma af fvi m.
hverr maQr hann var) ; {)ar eptir
m^ttu m. hans fegrS, fro77i this you
can judge of his beauty ; (6) to take
notice of, heed, 77tind (f>6r6r kvaS eigi
drauma skyldu m.) ; (7) to describe
(markat hefi ek fyrir J)^r birting lopts).
markaSr (gen. -ar), m. 77iarket ;
fig., var peim settr inn sami m., they
got the sa77ie treat77ient (= hofdu J)eir
ina somu kaupferS).
mark-bygS, f. forest district'^
-land, n. forest-land', -lei$, f. track
through forests', -leic5i, n. = -leiS.
mar-knutr, m. sea sco7fion.
mark-steinn, m. (i) 7narch-stone',
(2) a stone laid to mark a spot ; -sti-
ka, f. boundary stake.
mar-lit5endr, m. pi. * sea-traversers*
(of witches).
marmari, m. marble.
MAR-MENNILL
[288]
MAIi
mar-mennill, m. ' sea-mannikin ',
merman.
marr (gen. marar), m. sea ; sigr
fold i mar, the earth sinks into the sea.
marr (gen. mara, pi. marir and
marar), m. horse., steed (hann kvad
hest mar heita).
mat, n. esti?nate, taxing.
mata, {.provender, mess (rare).
matar-, gen. from ' matr ' ; -afli, m.
fare, provisions ; -bur, n. pantry ;
-fyst, f. appetite ; -fong, n. pl. = mat-
fong ; -gprS, f. dairy work, cooking \
-illr, a. sti7tgy of food \ -lauss, a.
without food\ -verSr, m. meal\
-vaBtt, f. a certain weight or quantity
of victttals.
matast (ac5), v. refl. to take food,
take a meal ; hvi hann mataSist svd
seint, why he was eating so slowly.
m.at-bjorg, f. provisions from hand
to mouth ; -borS, n. a dressed table
(sitja yfir -bor6i); -brastSi, f. greedi-
ness ; -bua (see bua), v. to dress food,
cook (var hjortrinn matbuinn).
matbuc$ar-md5r, m. cook.
m.at-buna(Sr, m. cooking, dressing
of food \ -bur, n. pantry \ -fdtt, a. n.
short of provisions (hafa -Mtt) ; -faB^S,
f. lack of food \ -fong, n. pi. stores of
food; -ger$, f. cooking.
matgerSar-maSr, m. cook.
mat-gjafi, m. food-giver \ -gjof, f.
gift in food ; -gotSr, a. liberal as to
food', -gceSingr, m. = -g66r ma6r;
-heill, a. of a good digestion ; -kaup,
n. purchase of victuals ; -ketill, m.
meat-kettle; -krdkr, m. ^ meat-crow\
glutton, a nickname ; -land, n., gott
(illt) -land, a productive {tmproduc-
tive) district*, -langr, a., -long stund,
such a ti7ne as it takes to eat a meal ;
-lauss, a. without food; -leiSi, m.
loathing of food; -leysi, n. lack of
food ; -lifi, n. board, fare ; -lystr, a.
having a good appetite; -mdl, n. meal-
time, meal; -nit5ingr, m. 07ie who
star'ves his people.
matr (gen. matar, pi. matir), m.
food, jneat ; hafa s^r e-t at mat, to
feed on (morgin-doggvar t>au ser at
mat hafa) ; pi. stores of food, pro-
visions.
mat-rd-cS, n, pi. the husbandry of
food; -reitSa, f. dressing of food,
housekeeping; -seld, f. distribtition
of food at meals ; -selj a, f . housekeeper ;
-sinkr, a. stingy of food; -skdl, {.food
bowl; -skortr, m. lack of food;
-skreicS, f. dried fsh for food ; -sparr,
a. sparing of food; -sveinn, m. cook ;
-svin, n. beggar's scrip ; -ssbU, a.
^ meat-lucky^ ; -yrias, a.. greedy ; -v8Bli,
n. pi. tneans of subsistence, stores of
food; -vasnn, a. good for food.
maurr (-s, -ar), m. ant, emmet.
md (md, maSa, md(5r), v. {i) to
blot or rub out, efface (mdst ^€\x af
lifs bok) ; (2) to wear, make blunt
(var Ijdr hans maSr upp 1 smiSreim).
mdg-kona, f. sister-, 7nother-, or
daugkte7'-i7i-law.
magr (-s, -ar), m. brother-, father-,
or so7i-in-law (vill Hrutr gerast m.
t)inn ok kaupa dottur J)ina).
mdl, n. (i) speech, faczilty of speech
(I)r0ngdi svd sottarfari konungs, at
hann misti mdlsins) ; ftau hafa ekki
mal, they a7-e dtmib ; (2) language,
tongue ; norroent m., the Norse tongue ;
(3) speech, speaking (hvdrt er Flosi sva
nasr, at hann megi heyra m. mitt) ;
(4) colloquy, talk, speech; koma d. m.
{or at mdli) vi3 e-n, to co7ne to talk
with, speak to ; finna (hitta) e-n at
mdli, to obtain speech with; krefja
e-n mdls, to ask an interview with',
leita mdls vi8 e-n (spyrja e-n mdls,
msela m. af e-m), to broach a subject
to one ; bera m. i. e-t, hafa e-t a {or
at) mdli, to speak {talk) of (allir menn
hofSu d mdli, hversu friOr madr hann
var) ; liika sinu mdli, to end one's
speech ; pat er m. manna, at, people
say that; (5) tale, story; nu er 5)ar
til mdls at taka, now it 77tust be told;
(6) saw, saying; fornt (fornkveSit)
m. er, at, it is a7i old saw that ; (7)
diction, co7istructio7t of sentences ; (8)
sentence ; tvau mdl, two sentences ;
fuUt m., a full period; (9) suit, action,
cause ; hefja m. d hendr e-m, to bring
an action agairist one ; bua m., to
prepare a suit ; soekja m., to pro-
secute ; (10) stipulation, agreei7ient (ek
vil halda mdl vi5 hann J)au, sem maelt
MAL
[289]
mAlmr
v6ru) ; lauss allra mdia, free of all
stipulations \ (li) case, matter, affair
(J)etta m. var vi3 Jorunni roett) ; svd
er m. me6 vexti, the matter stands
thus; var pat annat m., another
matter ; miQla m., to mediate ; tillaga-
g66r inna stoerri mdla, a good coun-
sellor in great matters ; hafa sitt m.,
to have one's own way, have one's
will (honum eirir ilia, ef hann hefir
eigi sitt mal) ; hafa mikit til sins mdls,
to have much in support of one's case ;
e-t skiptir miklu (litlu) mali, // is of
great {small) importance.
mdl, n. (i) measure (fimm dlna er
Mtt m. bans) ; leggja, bera m. vi6
e-t, to measure (hann lagdi m. vi3 611
in stcerstu tre) ; (2) titne, high time
(m. er upp at standa) ; sagSi, at {)d
var mi6 nott ok at enn vasri m. at
sofa, and still time to sleep ; (3) meal\
i eitt m., at einu mi.\\,for one single
meal ; deila mat at malum, to deal out
food at each meal.
mal, n. inlaid ornajnents (on the
hilts and guards of swords).
mala-efni, n. pi. circufnstances and
nature of a case ; go 6 (ill) -efni, a
good {bad) case ; -ferli, n. pi. law-
suits^ litigation ; -flutningr, m. con-
duct of a case.
inalafylgis-ma?5r, m., mdlafylgju-
inaSr, m. helper in lawsuits ; mikill
-ma3r, a great taker up of suits.
mala-gipt, f., -gjof, L pay for mili-
tary service \ -gjold, n. pi. (i) pay-
ment of wages ; (2) military pay ;
-gull, n.gold in payjnent of' mdli '.
mala-hluti, m., -hlutr, m. one side
of a case or suit, on^s share in a
case ; mun s^ verSa -hluti v^rr beztr,
at, the best turn for us that things
can take will be that.
mdla-jarn, n. iron {weapon) inlaid
with ornaments (mdl).
mdla-leitan, f. negotiation, mooting
the question ; -lok, n. pi. end of a
case, conclusion ; -lyktir, f. pi. = -lok ;
-ma^r, m. = mdlafylgjumadr.
mdla-matSr, m. a man who receives
pay (mali), soldier.
mdlamann-ligr, a. worthy of a
' malamadr '.
mdla-sax, n. an inlaid sword,
mdla-silfr, n. silver given in pay^
me tit of ' vciiX\\
mala-skil, n. pi. knowledge of pro-
cedure ; -skot, n. appeal in a case ;
-sokn, f. lawsuit, prosecution ; -spoil,
n.flaw in a suit.
mdla-spjot, n. inlaid spear.
mala-tilbiina^r, -tilbuningr, m.
preparation of a suit ; -voxtr, m.
state of a case.
mdl-dagi, m. (i) covenant, agree-
ment ; inna -daga, to fulfil an agree-
ment', (2} written deed, document
(of the rights, property, and inven-
tories of churches) ; -deili, n., e-m er
-deili i. e-u, it is of itnportance to
one', -^Bivfv, 3.. free-spoken.
mdl-drykkja, f. a measure of drink
served for each meal.
mdl-efni, n. circwnstances of a case ;
gott -efni, a just case.
mdl-eldar, m. pi. ' meal-fires \
mdlendr, m. pi. parties to a suit\
vaeri jafnir m. {if we were equally
matched), mundi l)ess ei ohefnt.
mdl-far (ace. -tan), a. poet, inlaid
with ornaments, adorned with char-
acters (of a sword).
mal-finii, f . ease in speech ; -fimliga,
adv. eloquently ; -fimr, a, talkative ;
-framr, a. out-spoken ; -fri5r, m.
pecu:e from suits (?) ; -fberr, a. ab/e
to speak ; -gagn, n. organ of speech ;
-haltr, a. tongue-tied', -hress, a. well
enough to speak.
mali, m. (i) contract ^ agreement"^
(2) wages, soldier' spay ; ganga d mala,
to take service (with a foreign prince).
maligr (ace. malgan), a. talkative^
communicative, loquacious (t^eir voru
mdlgir mjok, J)vi at l)eir voru uvitrir).
mal-krokar, m. pi. Pettifoggery, so-
phistry ; -kunnigr, -kunnr, a. know-
ing one another to speak to ; -laki, m.
defect of the speech organs ; -latr,
a. slovenly in speaking', -lauss, a.
speechless, dumb', -leysa, f. incorrect
expression, bad grammar ; -lyzka, f.
idiom ^ dialect.
mdlmr, m. (i) ore (m., er jdrn skal
af gera) ; (2) metal (J)ann mdlm, er
gull heitir).
U
mAIi-ITS'TA
[290]
MED
mdl-nyta, f. milch kine\ -nytr, a.
yielding inilk^ milch \ malnytr smali,
t7zilch cattle.
mal-oSi, a., -6t5r, a. using violent
language ; -reifr, a. talkative^ cheer-
ful ; -reitinn, a. = -roetinn ; -rof, n.
ability to talk.
mdlrofs-matSr, m. glib talker.
mal-rum, n. time to speak in ;
-runar, f. pi. ''rujies of speech\ rtmic
characters ; -roeSinn, -rcBtinn, a.
talkative^ open.
mdls-bot, f. excuse, exculpation.
mdl-semd, f. langtiage, speech.
mdls-endi, m. = mdlsemd (leita
-enda rid e-n) ; -eyrendi, n. = md,l-
semd ; -fylling, f. conclusion of a
case; -grein, f. (i) sentence \ (2)
phrase, speech ; (3) diction, style ;
-hdttr, m. (\) phrase \ {1) proverb.
mdl-skipti, n. pi. (i ) business, trans-
actions ; (2) importance.
mdls-lostr, m. bad grainmar.
mal-snild, f. eloquence, oratory.
malsnildar-list, f. rhetoric.
mdl-snilli, f. eloquence ; -snjallr, a.
eloquent ; -spakr, a. wise-spoken ;
-speki, -spekt, f. wisdom in speech ;
-statSr, m. case, point of a question ;
-stafr, m. (i) letter of the alphabet;
(2) consonant ; -stefna, f. parley, co7i-
ference ; -stofa, f. meeting-hall, public
hall, esp. in houses of men of rank.
mdl-svefh, m. proper sleep.
mdls-verSr, m. meal.
nials-J)6rf, f. desire to speak.
mal-sonnun, f. evidence, reason ;
-tak, n. diction ; -ti$, f. meal.
mdlugliga, adv. loquaciotisly.
mdlugr, a. = mdligr.
mdlungi (= ' malum-gi', dat. pi.
from 'mdP with negative -gi) ; ef
J)yrftak at m. mat, if I needed 710
meat at meals.
mdl-vinr, xn. friend {to speak with).
mdl-vondr, m. measuring wand.
inal-j)urfi, a. wanting to speak.
mana-dagr, m. Monday.
mdnatSar-frest, n. a month's notice ;
-mot, n. the end of one month and the
beginning of the next.
manatSr (gen. -ar ; ol. -ir and mdn-
atSr), m. month.
m.dni, m., poet. moon.
mdr (gen. mds, pi. mdvar), m. sea-
mew ; ben-, gunnmdr, raven (poet.).
ma-skari, m. a young sea-mew.
mat, n. check-mate.
mata (a^), v. to check-mate.
mati, m. manner, way, respect (i
engan mdta ; i. allan mata).
matt-dreginn, -farinn, pp. weak,
exhausted, faint.
mattigr (ace. mattkan), a. mighty.
matt-lau3S, a. without stre?igth, ex-
hausted ; -leysi, n. weakness, lack of
strength ; -litill, a. of little strength^
weak (hann gerist allmdttlitill).
mdttr (gen. mattar, dat. maetti), m.
(i) might, strength ; var mer alls matt-
ar {I had to use all my strength) dSr ek
kom henni upp ; (2) strength^ health ;
reiSuliga svaraSi hon, ef nokkurr
spurSi at msetti hennar, if any one
asked how she was ; er at leid msetti
hans, when he began to sink.
mattugr, a. = mdttigr.
mdttu-ligr, a. (i) possible (honum
er alt mattuligt) ; (2) jnighty.
mdtu-ligr, a. meet, fitting.
meS, prep, with dat. and ace. ; I.
with dat. (l) with, along with , to-
gether with (Unnr dottir hans for me6
honum ; hon hafSi d skipi m. ser sex
tigi karla) ; (2) denoting help, assist-
ance ; leggja til m. e-m, to help one
by word or deed; to give one advice;
fd menn m. ser, to get followers ; (3)
by means of with (verja sik med
sverSum, skjoldum) ; (4) by, through,
with, using {med hardfengi ok kappi) ;
m. hlaupi, by running; m. einum hug,
with one mind; m. sama hastti, in
the same way ; (5) including, inclusive
<?/'(hundra6 manna m. nabuum) ; ok
l5at m., at, and besides {therewith)
that ; pann dag ok nottina m., and the
night too; (6) amo?ig, between (var
fdtt um m. J)eim broedrum) ; J)reyta
e-t m. ser, to fight it out ajnong them-
selves ; koma m. e-m, to come a7nong
(ma3r, er m. morgum kemr) ; (7) de-
noting inward quality, in (hann hafSi
alia J)a hluti m. s^r, er konungprySa) ;
(8) along (landit er viSast bygt me3
sjonum) ; esp. of direction, with an
MEBAL
[291]
MEGA
adv. denoting the direction (upp m.,
of an m., fram m., inn m., ut m., etc.) ;
m. stofnum, from stem to stern, all
along the ship ; biSja matar me3 bcEJ-
nm, from house to house ; (9) adverbial
usages; m. Q\\\Xy all oget her, quite \ m.
ollu skjott, all of a sudden ; m. t)vi at,
in case that (m. {)vi at ek falla) ; as,
because (m. J)vi at menn voru hraustir,
J)d komast {Jeir yfir dna) ; (10) with
verbs ; ganga m. barni, to go with
child; maela m., to recommend', II.
with ace. (i) with, with the notion of
bearing, bringing, carrying (hann for
til islands m. konu sina ok born) ;
fara m. vdpn, to carry a weapon ; fig.,
fara me3 sok, md.1, to conduct, manage
a case ; m. engi logskil, in no lawful
ffianner; (2) with, among; usnotrm.,
es m. aldir kemr, a fool when he
comes among men; (3) with an ordinal
number ; m. tolfta mann, with twelve
men, including himself; with eleven
others.
mecSal (d m., i m.), prep, with gen.,
a>nong, between ; m. vdr or vdr i. m.,
among us; sat J)ar {>6rhalla m. briida,
Th. sat between the brides ; ellipt.,
ganga meSal, 1 m., to intercede as
peacemaker (gekk pd Njall i m., svd
at hvirir handsoluQu odrum grid).
mec5al-, in compds., middle, aver-
age; -atfer^aleysi, n., eigi -atferQa-
leysi, «^ common slovefilitiess; -auki,
m. what is given into the bargain ;
-ar, n. average year ; -farbauti, m.
middling destroyer (fjeir sogQu J)at eigi
-farbauta vera) ; -fer3, f. i7itercession ;
-fifl, n., eigi -fifl, no ordinary fool ;
-Qandi, m. iniddling fiend (ek astla
hann eigi -fjanda vera) ; -fol, n. =
-ix^i ; -for, -ganga, f. intercession.
niet$algongu-mat5r, m. intercessor,
peacemaker.
metSal-kafli, m. * middle-piece ', the
haft of a sword between the two
' hjolt ' ; -klcBkismatSr, m. middling
scoundrel (eigi -k.) ; -lag, n. average ;
J)at var me6 enu betra -lagi, a good
average ; i -lagi, -lagi, not very, not
over well (segir mer J)6 i -lagi hugr
um) ; -lagi gc6gjarn, not too bene-
volent ; skipti six hafa veriS sum %Qhy
en sum til -lags, our dealings have
been, some good, some only middling ;
-ma5r,m. average man; -ma3r d. voxt,
a middle-sized man ; -mann-ni^ingr,
-nitSingr, m. {no) middling scoundrel ;
-orpning, f. ititerjection ; -pallr, m.
middle bench (in the Mogretta');
-skrsefa, f., eigi -skraefa, a great
coiuard; -ekomui, f, eigi -skomm,
a great disgrace ; -snapr, m., eigi
-snipr, no common fool ; -snotr, a.
middling wise; -soemd, f. comjnon
honour (er eigi -soemd at eiga slikan
mann at mdg) ; -uspektarmaSr, m.
common Peace-disturber ; -livinr, m.
= -fjandi; -vetr, m. average winter\
-vingjarnligr, a. 710 1 very friendly
-J)r8ell, m. average slave.
mecSan (a m.), adv. (i) in the mean
time, meafiwhile (hann bad J)^ J)ar
dveljast m.); m. at, m. er {es), as long
as, while, whilst ; (2) so long as = m.
er (helzt hann i vindttuvid konung m.
hann lifdi).
met5-fer^, f. (l) management ; vand-
hoefi mun l)dr J)ykkja d -ferSinni, j^^^
will find it difficult to manage ; (2)
hafa e-t -ferSar, to have along with
one, in one's keeping; (3) behaviour,
conduct ; var konungi J)a kunnigt
hverja -ferd ek hafda, how I behaved;
-ferSi, n., -for, f. = me6fer6 ; -gangr,
m. siding with, helping, = fylgi.
metSr, prep. = meS.
meS-taka, -tekt, f. reception.
metStoku-matSr, m. receiver.
mega (ma, matta, mdtt), v. (i) to
be able to do, with ace. ; eigi eru
/\synjur uhelgari ok eigi megu t)asr
minna, they are not less powerful;
svd at ve'r ma^ttim ekki, so that we
could do nothittg; m. betr, to be the
stronger; m. vid e-m, to be able to
withsta?td one (hann mun ekki m.
einn vid morgumj ; skulu mikit {)in
ord m. vi6 mik, thy words shall have
?nuch weight with me ; (2) of health ;
m. vel, to be well ; m. litt, ilia, to be
poorly (hann spurSi, hversu hann
mastti.— Eigi ma ek nu vel, sagSi
hann) ; m. e-m, to do for one (yak ySr
J)at, er yfir margan gengr) ; (3) with
infin., to be able ; matt pii sja hana,
MEGAWDI
[292]
MEIDR
ef pu vill, thou canst see her, if thou
wilt] hann mdtti ekki maela, he coiild
say 7iothing\ (4) to be permitted, al-
lowed (hann mdtti aldri tala til Kjart-
ans, sv^ at |>orkell var hjd) ; nii man
eigi m. sitjanda hlut i eiga, one must
not remain sitting, be i?tactive; (5)
ellipt., the verb being understood
(lemja man ek bogann, ef ek mi) ;
ferr J)at sem rai., go that as it 7nay ;
md, at, // is possible that ; Jjeir spurSu
hversu l)at maetti, how that could be.
megandi, pr. p. availing jnighty,
strong; fylldi hann Jjat heit, er hann
var m. ma6r, as soon as he g/'ew to be
man of might ; litt m., feeble, weak ;
ekki m.., powerless, helpless.
megin (gen. -s, dat. magni or meg-
ni), n. (l) 7night, power, strength (sva
sem i. leid sottina minkaSi storum m.
bans) ; (2) the main, chief part of a
thing; allt m. landsins, the tnain part
of the latid.
megin or megum, adv., prop. dat.
pi. from ' vegr ' ; kvenna m., on the
women' s side (in a church) ; karla m.,
on the men's side; HjarSarholts m.,
on the H. side (of the river) ; inum
vinstra m., hcegra m., on the left
{right) side; einum m.,frotn one side
only (t)ar matti einum m. at soekja) ;
o6rum m., on the other side (herskip
liggja 66rum m. undir nesinu) ; badum
m., on both sides ; ollum vc\.,from all
sides ; ^eim m., on that side.
megin-, in compds., main ; -afl, n.
main strength ; -a, f. main river ;
-borg, f. the main castle; -byg$, f.
main district; -domar, va.^l. great
events ; -fjall, n. great mountain ;
-flotti, m. {\) getter al flight ; (2) the
main body of the flying host ; -gjor$,
f. the main gircile, girdle of power;
pi. -gjardar, the girdle ofThor ; -goSr,
a. mighty good; -haf, n. the main,
ocean ; -herr, tnain army ; -heraS, n.
main district ; -liyggja, f. wisdotn ;
-hofn, f. maiti harbour; -land, n,
mainland, continent ; -lauss, a. with-
out strength ; -leysi, n. weakness ;
-li?5, n. main body of an artny ; -ligr,
a. important (mal -lig) ; -litill, a. of
little mighty weak; -merki, n. chief
standard ; -mork, f. the main forest ;
-rds, f. 7nain course; -runar, f. pi.
mighty, powerful runes {charms) ;
-stormr, m. iftis^hty gale ; -tirr, m.
great fame ; -trygtSir, f. pi. a frtn
truce; '^tbY^^Av. mighty well; -verk,
n. ?nighty feat ; -t)orf, f. great need.
megn, n. strength, = megin, mattr
(hann hafSi fjogurra manna m.) ; um
m. e-m, beyond one's strength ; J)etta
mil er nokkut \>€v um m. me3 at
fara, is rather too much for you.
megn, a. strong, tnighty (megnt
mannfall) ; me6 megnu hugskoti, with
a strong 77tind.
magna (aS), v. to be able, have
stretigth to do a thitig (J)6 at ek megni
minna en einhverr y6ar) ; refl., megn-
ast, to gai7i stre7tgth ; en er synir
t)eirra toku at m., when their sons
began to grow up.
megn-lauss, b.. feeble, weak; -litill,
2..fai7tt, exhausted.
megra (-t5a), v. to make lean ; refl.,
megrast, to beco77ie lean.
megrS, f. Iea7iness.
megum, adv. = megin ; ollum m.,
fro77i all sides.
meiSa (-dda, -ddr), v. (i) to hurt,
esp. to 7)iai7n, injure seriously (hina
rak hann or landi, meiddi ecSr drap) ;
(2) of things, to da77iage (finna J)eir
at skipit var meitt neSan) ; to spoil,
destroy i^i. tok hann at m. hof ok
horga) ; (3) refl. to take hurt.
mailing (pi. -ar), f. bodily injury,
7nai77iing, dai7iaging (1 manndrapum
ok me'Singum).
meic5ingar-laust, adv. umnai7nedy
U7ihurt (halda lifi -laust).
meitSmar. f. pi. treasu7'es (poet.).
meiSr (gen. -3 or -ar), m. (l) longi-
tudinal beatn ; sledge-rimner ({)a reif
hann mei6inn undan sleSanum); fig.,
standa i. ondverSan mei3 me6 e-m,
to sta7id in the fo7'ef rant as a champion,
to support one ; mjok J)6tti monnum
d einn meiS ballast me6 |5eim, it went
all on one side with the7n ; (2) pole,
log ; telgja mei6 til rifjar, to cut a log
i7ito a loo77t-bea7n\ (3) tree (hrafn sat
a him meidi); {^) gallows-tree (veit
ek, at ek hekk vindga meidi d).
MEIN
[293]
MEIj
mein, n. (i) hurt, harm, injury,
damage; at engum verSi m. at, that
it may do nobody harm ; gera e-m m.,
to do one harm ; hon kvad Jiat m.,
at, she said it was a great pity that ;
mikit m. var honum {lat, {)a er, a^reat
loss it was to hifn when ; Idta ser e-t
i m., to deny to oneself \ hann let
sveininum ekki f m., he denied the
lad nothing; (2) disease, sore (af pvi
vatni t)ykkjast margir bot hafa fengit
sinna meina) ; (3) impediments, hin-
drafices (that make a marriage un-
lawful), = meinbugir.
meina (aS), v. {i) to harm, do harm
to (m. e-m) ; (2) to hiiider, prevent ;
(3) to forbid, prohibit (ekki mun ek
m. oSrum monnum at halda J)^ tru,
er J)eim synist).
meina (-ta), v. to mean (rare).
meina-lauss, a. (l) blameless; (2)
unhindered ; ef -laust er, if there are
no hifidrances.
mein-blandinn, pp. poisonous ;
-bugir, m. pi. impedimeftts, hin-
drances ; -eicSr, \Vl. per jury, false oath ;
-fang, n. trouble ; leita e-m -fanga,
to try to embarrass one; -fullr, a.
noxious ; -foerr, a. dangerous to
pass ; -g0ra (see gora), v. to offend,
harm ; -g0rcS, f. offence.
meinigr (ace. meingan), a. noxious.
meinka (at5), v. to do harm to.
mein-kraka, f. evil crow ; -kvik-
endi, n. noxious animal ; -lauss, a.
{\) harmless, inoffensive ; aetla ek m^r
j)at -laust, it will do no har?n to me ;
at -\2ius\1, without hindrance; {2) free
from suffering, painless (aldri sidan
vard honum hondin -laus).
meinlat-samr, a. ascetic.
mein-leiki. m. hindrance,='\iy\%\x ;
-leysi, n. har7nlessness, innocettce;
-liga, 2id\. painfully ; -ligr, s.. painful,
troublesome ; -las 'a (-tta, -ttr), v. to
chastise (-Iseta ser).
meinlaBta-samr, a. = meinldtsamr.
me n-lsBti, n. {i) pains, trouble; {2)
self-chastise7nent ; -maeli, n. abusive
language, = meinyrSi.
meinn, a. painfcl, causing pain (var
honum kn6it haria meint ok umjukt) ;
kenna ser meint, to feel pain ; e-m
verSr meint vid e-t, af e-u, one takes
hurt by a thing.
mein-samliga, adv. perniciously ;
-samligr, hurtful, causing pain ;
-samr, a. evil, noxious ; -semd,
-semi, f. (i) pain, hurt; (2) disease,
sore ; -staddr, pp. placed in distress ;
-stafir, m. pi. baleful staves, chartns.
meins-vanr, a. guileless.
mein-svari, m. perjtirer; a. per-
jured; -aos>vi, n. Perjury.
meinsoeris-maor, m. perjurer,
mein-tregi, m. affliction, grief;
-vaattr, f. noxious wight, harmful
being; -yrt5a (-rtSa, -rtSr), v. to abuse
iti words ; -yrcSi, n. pi. abusive words.
meir-hattar, adv. of greater im-
portance ( = meira hattar).
meiri (neut. meira), a. compar.,
answering to pos. * mikill ' and superl.
' mestr *, {i) greater, bigger (hann var
hverjum manni m. ok sterkari) ; (2)
greater, larger, more, of quantity
(meira fd ok betra).
meirr, adv. compar., answering to
*mjok' and superl. 'mest', {\) more
(konungr elska6i Hdkon m. en nokk-
urn mann annan) ; (2) then, after
that ; sitja m. um sdttir saman, and
afterwards sit at peace together ; (3)
with another compar.; firr m.., farther
off; sunnar m., inore to the south.
meiss, m. wooden box, basket (hann
haf3i mikinn meis i. bakij.
meistara-domr, m. mastershipy
great skill ; -samligr, a. masterly.
meistari, m. (i) lord, master; (2)
master, teacher; (3) scholar.
meita (-tta, -ttr), v. to cut; m.
manar, skegg, to cut the mane, beard.
meitil-berg, n. an abrupt crag.
meitill (-3, meitlar), m. chisel.
meitla (a$), v. to chisel, cut.
meizl, n., esp. pi. (i) bodily hurts,
injuries; (2) mutilation.
meizla, f. = meizl.
meizla-hogg, n. iftjufious blow,
-laust, adv. without bodily injury.
mekt, f. 7night; po7np (rare).
mektugr, a. 77iighty, powerful.
m61, n. ti77ie, 77io7ne7it (d J)vi m^li
dreif li6 til bans).
m61, n. pi. mouth-bit of a bridle.
MEL-BAKKI
[294]
MESSU-EMB^TTI
mel-bakki, m. bank grown with
lyme-grass (melr).
meldr (gen. -rs and -rar), m. (i)
grmdzng {sta.r\da. at meldri) ; {2)flour\
Fenju m., Fr66a J)yja m., gold.
in61-dropi, m. foam from the bit\
-greypr, a. poet, champing the bit
(marir, droslar melgreypir).
melja (malda, malitSr), v. to pound.
melr (-s, -ar), m. (i) lyme-grass \
(2) sand-bank^ gravel-bank.
mel-rakki, m. arctic fox, white fox
(brenna inni sem m. i greni).
melta (-Ita, -Itr), v. (i) to malt for
brewiftg (m. korn) ; (2) to digest (m.
valbrdSir) ; also fig. (m. reiSi).
mel-torfa, f. turf grown with lyme-
grass (melr).
men (gen. pi. menja), n. necklace
(hann batt menit ^ hdls s^r) ; fig. in pi.,
treasures, jewels (fjold i. ek menja).
mengi, n. multitude.
menjar, f. pi. = minjar.
m.enna (-ta, -tr), v. to make a man
of breed; refl., mennast, to become a
man, = mannast.
menni, n., a nickname ; but freq. in
compds., ^oh-, ill-, rik-, fjolmenni.
menni-liga, adv. manfully, -ligr,
a. manly, well bred, = mannvaenn.
m.enning, f. breeding, upbringing,
education (astt bans ok m, god).
mennska, f. human nature, hu-
manity ; = manndomr.
mennskr, a. hujnan ; m. ma6r,
human being, opp. to giants, ogres,
or supernatural beings.
mennt, f. art, skill, accomplishment
(hefir J)u til ills t)ina m.).
m.enntan, f. breeding, culture.
menntr, pp. bred, educated, accom-
plished (vel m. um marga hluti).
men-skogul, f., poet. lady.
m.en-v6rSr, m. keeper of treasures.
mergS, f. multitude, plenty {xn.ij^x).
merg-lauss, a. marrowless,
m.ergr (gen. -jar), m. marrow.
m.erg-und, f. a wound to the mar-
row ; also m.erg\indar-sdr, n.
mer-hross, -hryssi, n. mare.
m.erja (mer, m.art5a, maritSr), v. to
bruise, crush.
merki (gen. pi. merkja), n. (i)
boundary, — landamerki ; (2) banner^
standard (tok merkit af stonginni) ;
(3) mark, token, sign (mun J)at til
merkja, at jDeir Grimr munu heim
koma); J)essir menn, er ndliga vora
me6 ongum merkjum, of no mark^
distinction ; (4) reniains, traces (l)eir
logSu ok garSinn sem enn s^r m.).
merki-^, f. boundary river', -liga,
adv. (i) remarkably, (2) clearly, per-
ceptibly, -ligr, a. (i) perceptible; (2)
remarkable, noteworthy, distinguished
(uppruni bans var -ligr) ; -mdll, a. =
merkmall, merkordr.
merking (pi. -ar), f. (i) marking;
(2) mark, sign ; (3) signification.
m.erkis-bur5r, m. the carrying of
the standard; -matSr, m. (i ) standard-
bearer; (2) man of mark, distinguished
person ; -stong, f. standard-pole.
merki-stj arna, f. planet ; -stong, f.
=merkis-stong ; -tungl, n. = -stjarna.
merkja (-ta, -tr), v. (i) to mark (m.
eyra d fe) ; (2) to mark, draw (hann
var merktr eptir {>6r, ok hefir hann
hamar 1 hendi) ; ok m. d nagli naud,
and mark [the character) * nauS * on
one's nail ; (3) to mark, note, observe
(slSan merkti hann J)ufu J)d, er griS-
konan J)erSi d foetr sina) ; ( 4) /^ notice,
perceive (merktu {)eir at solargangi, at
sumarit munadi aptr til varsins) ; (5)
to show, indicate (merkti Sunnifa J)at
i J)essu) ; (6) to denote, sigfiify, mean
(vil ek, at pu segir drauminn ok hvat
hann merkir).
merk-mdll, -or(5r, a. truthful, trust-
worthy {-ox6v ma6r).
merkr, a. of fnark, noteworthy (m.
maSr ok sannorSr).
merr (gen. merar, ace. and dat.
meri, pi. merar), f. fnare.
mersing, f. = messing.
messa, f. (i) mass; syngja messu,
to chant the mass ; (2) = messudagr
(Jons m., Olafs m.).
messa (atS), v. to say the mass.
messing, f. brass (stafr buinn meS
messingu) ; messingar-, made of
brass, brazen (-hestr, -ker, -spdnn).
messu-dagr, m. mass-day, feast-
day ; -djdkn, m. deacon, clerk ; -em-
bffltti, n. office of the mass, divine
MESSU-FOT
[295]
MIB-QARBB
service ; -fot, -klaBtJi, n. pi. vestments ;
-mdl, n. viass time ; -serkr, m. sur-
plice ; -skriiSi, m. = -klaetJi ; -sloppr,
m. = -serkr.
mest, adv. superl. (i) most (peim var
ek verst, er ek unna m.) ; (2) almost
(kvad hann ^i. m. a6ra bond af t>6ri).
mest-hattar, adv. most remarkably.
mestr, a. superl. greatest (margir
hinir mestu menn j; cf. ' mikill'.
mestu, adv. mostly^ nearly.
met, n. pi. weights-^ fig., komasinum
metum vi5, to have one's own way.
ineta(met; mat, raatum ; metinn),
v. {i)to estimate^ value ; ef J)eir kynni
m. sik, if they could value themselves
rightly, not puff themselves up ; m.
e-t mikils, litils, einskis, to attach
greats little., no value to ; make mttch,
little, 710 thing of; munu \)\n or 6 her
um einskis metin, thy words will be
counted for naught ; (2) m. e-t fjar
(kaups, etc.), to put a fnoney-value on,
to charge for (aldri mat hann fjd.r
laekning sina) ; m. e-t vi6 e-n, to
name a price to one for a thing ; met
J)u vi6 mik rekkjubunadinn, tell me
the price of the bedfurniture ; ok vil
ek eigi m. vid {)ik (/ will not charge
you afty thing), heldr vil ek, at |)u
t)iggir skikkjuna ; to leave it to afiother
to decide ; allir mdtu vi6 Erling at-
kvaeSi um skirsluna, they all left it to
E. to decide about the ordeal \ vi5
f^orkel met ek at fd {)d hluti til, er
hafa J)arf, / leave it to Th. to provide
the necessary things; (3) refl., metast
til e-s, to be reckoned as, counted for
(ba6 l)d gera t?^ smid, er til afbragSs
maetist) ; m. e-t vi6, to contend about ;
ef J)eir metast ei6a vid, if there is a
contest about taking the oaths.
metandi (pi. -endr), m. appraiser.
m.et-fe, n. a thing having a special
value set i/po?t it.
metinn, pp., vel m., hi£^hly esteemed.
metja (met, matta, mattr), v. to
lap (with the tongue).
metna5ar-fullr, 3.. full of pride or
ambition; -girnd, f. ambition; -gjarn,
a. ajnbitious ; -leysi, n. ffiodesty ;
-mat5r, m. ambitious man; -samligr,
-samr, a. proud, haughty.
metna(5r (gen. -ar), m. (i) esteem,
value (pann metnaS hefi ek d rd.6a-
geiSum minum, at) ; {2) honour, repute
(hann var {jar i miklum metnaSi) ;
(3) pride, avibition (m. honum t^roast,
en mannvit aldregi).
metnast (at5), v. refl. to puff oneself
up (m. af mikillceti rikis sins).
met-ort5, n. (i ) estimate, valuation ;
(2) esteem, consideration ; J)eir gorSu
svi mikil -or5 bans, at, they paid him
so much regard that ; sitja yfir -or5um
manna, to bear down others.
metorSa-matSr, m. 7nan of distinc-
tion (hann var -mafir mestr).
mettr, pp. having eateft one's fill.
mey, f. = mser ; -barn, n. female
child, girl; -domligr, a. virgin \
-domr, m. maidenhood, virginity.
iiieyja, f. maid, girl, = mser.
meyjar-, gen. from 'maer'; -mdl,
n. pi. 7na tiers relating to 77iarriage;
-mundr, m. a maid's * mundr '.
mey-ligr, a, 7naide7t,vi7'gi7i ; girlish ;
-lifi, n. maiden life.
meyrr, a, rotten (m. borkr).
mey-staulpa, -stulka, f. girl.
miS, n. (i) the middle (sa var mestr,
er i miSit reiS) ; (2) 7Hark ; sem ek
munda hafa m. d mer, ef, which I
should have experienced on 77iyself, if;
(3) fishing ba7ik (indicated by land-
marks on shore) ; bregda til mida, to
seek for a fishing bank.
niit5a (a§), v. to take note, mark (E.
hafSi gloggt miSat a um kveldit, hvar
konungrinn hvildi) ; m. vi6 e-t, to
mark a distance or place by another
object (hla6 her vorSu, ok mida svd
vi6 J)ar sem eldrinn brennr).
miS-aldra, a. indecl. 7niddle-aged\
-breytis, adv. 77iidway, halfway ;
-byr^i, n. the 77iiddle of a ship (skipit
var breitt um -byrSit) ; -boer, m. a
farm lying in the 77iidst (of three) ;
-degi, n. 77tidday, noon.
miSdegis-skeit^, n. noon-tide.
miS-digr, a. stout i7t the waist \
-fasta, f. Mid- Lent ; -firSis, adv. in
the 77iiddle of the fjord ; -fylking, f.
the 77iiddle of the line (in battle).
mitS-garSr, m. 77iidgarth, the earth ;
MID-HEIMR
[296]
MIKILIi
-heimr, m. centre of the world;
-her^ar, f. pi. 7nidshotilders\ -hjalli,
m. middle shelf o?t a hill-side.
mit5il (also a or i micSil), prep. =
mec5al, milli (miSil svefns ok voku).
micSja, f. the middle (i miSju).
Mit5jart5ar-haf, n., -sjor, m. the
Mediterranean sea.
mic5-kafl[i, m. middle piece ; -kvisl,
f. middle branch (of a stream).
miSla (aS), v. (i) to share', m. e-m
e-t or m. e-t vi5 e-n, to share with
another (Gunnar miSladi morgum
monnum hey ok mat) ; skal ek eigi m,
rikit, / shall not share the reahn ; m.
spor sin, to 7nake a step, 7nove (stond-
um fast ok miQlum ekki spor vdr) ;
(2} to mediate ; m. mdl or mdlum, to
make a compromise ; (3) refl., miSlast
e-t vi5, to share with one another;
m. mdl vi8, to make a compromise.
miSlan, f. (l) partaking, sharing
with another (m. au6ar) ; (2) co7n-
promise (g0ra m. d um e-t).
mitSlanar-mdl, n. pi. compromise.
miS-langr, a. long-waisted, a nick-
name ; -leit5is, adv. (i) midway, half-
way (er J)eir komu -leiQis til Mdfa-
hlidar) ; (2) in the middle (Israels
synir gengu J)urt -leiSis um hafit).
mi^lung, adv. middlingly, indiffer-
ently, poorly ; J)ykkist hann J)d vera
m. staddr, in rather a hard plight,
miSlungi, adv. = midlung.
miS-messa, f. ' the middle mass ',
matins ; -mjor, a. slender in the waist.
mitSmunda-skeitS, n., the time when
the sun is midway between midday
(twelve o'clock) and * non ' (three
o'clock), half past one (um -skei6 mi3s
dags ok nons) ; -statSr, m. the middle
point between two places or times (1
-sta8 vestrs ok utnordrs).
mitS-mundi, m. (i) the middle be-
tween two places ; {)d er SkoSborgari
a -munda, the river S. is midway ;
with gen., J)d. er sol er -munda nordrs
ok landnorQrs, when the sun is mid-
way between north and north-east',
(2) = midmundaskeiS (fyrir -munda
h6fst orrostan, en konungr fell fyrir
n6n) ; (3) moment, weight, import-
ance ; allir J)eir, er J)ar hof 5u verit ok
nokkurr -mundi var at, and were of
any note.
miS-nsBtti, n. midnight ; -pallr, m.
the mid de bench (of the ' logr^tta ').
mi<5r (nii(5, mitt), a. 7niddle, lying
in the middle; nasr miSri verbid inni,
near the middle of the world ; G. leggr
i moti atgeirinum ok kom i. hann
miSjan, and struck him in the tniddle ;
din var opin um mitt, in the ?niddle ;
mid nott, midnight (Jjd var mi6 nott) ;
m. dagr, fnidday ({)at var naer miSjum
degi, er J)eir fundust) ; m. aptann, six
o'clock p.m. ; m. morginn, six o'clock
a.m. ; at midjum vetri, um miSjan
vetr, at midwinter; mitt sumar, mid-
siwtmer; midrar brautar, in the middle
of the road.
miSr, adv. = minnr, less.
miS-skammr, a. short-waisted;
-skeiS, n. middle course; -skip, n.
iniddle of a ship (=mitt skip) ; -skipa,
adv. amidships ; -sumar, n. mid-
summer (= mitt sumar).
m.it5sum.ars-lielgr, f. inidsummer-
day ; -skeitS, n. 7nidsiamner ti7ne.
m.iSsvetrar-bl6t, n. midwinter sa-
crifice; -nott, f. 77iidwinter night (=
hokunott) ; -skeiS, n. 7nidwi7iter ti7ne.
mit5-syndis, adv. in the middle of
the sound (cf. ' sund ').
mi(5viku-dagr, m. Wednesday ;
-m.orginn, m. Wednesday 77iorni7ig.
micS-prongr, a. tight in the waist.
mikil-brjostatSr, a. stout-hearted,
high-minded ; -fengligr, a. stout-
looking; -gjarn, a. aspiri7ig to great
things ; -geefr, a. of great i»iporta7ice ;
-hugatJr, a. big-spi7ited; -hasfr, a.
stately, e7ninent.
m.ikill (ace. mikinn, neut. m.ikit),
a. ( I ) g7'eat, tall, of stature (m. vexti,
ma6r m. ok sterkr) ; {1) great, lajge,
in bulk or size (mikil ey ok z^h); din
var mikil, the river was swollen ; (3)
of quantity, great, 77iuch (m. viSr,
mikil drykkjufong) ; (4) great, pro-
7nine7it (skorungr m., malafylgjumaSr
m.) ; TCi. 6xy\^]\xrci?ihx,a great dnmk-
ard ; vetr m., a severe winter; me6
mikilli snild, with great skill; (5)
ace. 'mikinn ' used as adv. ; riQa (fara)
mikil-lAtr
[297]
MIIsTNI
m. to ride {go) fast ; roa m., /^ pull
hard\ (6) neut. assubst., w/^^t/^; skipta
miklu, to be of great importance \ dat.,
* miklu ' with compar., much, by far
(m. betr ; m. meiri mafir en ddr) ;
with superl., m. mestr, by far the
greatest, the very greatest ; neut. as
adv., mikit, greatly^ nmch, = mjok
(hon unni honum m.).
mikil-latr, a. proud, grand; -leikr,
m. greatness, largeness ; -leitr, a.
having tnarked {projni?ie?it) features ;
-liga.adv. {i) greatly; {2)pT-oudly{\i.\.z.
-liga) ; -ligr, a. grand, considerable ;
-laBtast (tt), V. refl. to p7-ide oneself \
-laBti, n. pride, pomp; -mannliga,
adv. magnificently ; -mannligr, a.
grand, magnificent, generous; -menni,
n. great, powerful man ; -menska,
f . greatness, magnificence ; -maBli, n.
high words ; -ra$r, a. imperious ;
-raeSi, n. great feat; -utSligr, a. im-
posing; -vegligr, a. magnificent;
-virkr, a. doin^ great work ; -vsen-
ligr, a. important; -l>8egr, a. exacting.
mikils-hdttar, adv. distinguished.
Mikjd^ls-messa, f. Michaelmas.
inikla (atS), v. (i) to make great,
increase, ?nagnify ; m. sik, to pride
oneself; (2) impers., e-m miklar e-t,
one wonders at (konungi miklar J)at
med sjdlfum sdr, at) ; (3) refl., miklast,
to acquire fame (ef konungr vill m. af
pessu) ; to pride oneself (engi ma3r
miklist e6a stoerist af sinni astt).
miklan, f. increase, greatness.
mild-hugaSr, a. mild, kind-hearted.
mildi, f. kindness, mercy, grace.
mildingr (-s, -ar), m., poet, a liberal
man (orr ma6r heitir m.).
mildi- verk, n. work of charity.
mild-leikr, m. mildness^ inercy ;
-liga, adv. 7nildly, gently; -ligr, a.
mild, gentle,
mildr, a. (i) mild^ gentle, gracious ;
(2) munificent, liberal (m. af fe).
milli, prep, with gen., also millim,
milium, (i) between (m. skogarins
ok drinnar) ; sin a [or i) m., between
{among) themselves; sigla m. landa,
from one land to another; (2) special
usages ; var enn meirr vondud veizla
en J)ess i m., more than otherwise ;
um aSra hluti var skamt m. m^Is
konunga, in other things the7-e was no
great difference between thei7i ; standa
i m., to stand between, hinder ; mdtti
par ekki 1 millim sjd, hvdrr af oSrum
myndi bera, it cotild not be seen which
of the two would get the better of it ;
(3) ellipt. in ' m. ok ' ; upp med dnni,
m. {viz. drinnar or hennar) ok skogar-
ins, up along the river ^ between (it)
and the forest.
millim, milium, prep. = milli.
mtillum-ferS, i. going between, medi'
ation (br^fsendingar ok -ferQir).
milti, n. 77tilt, spleen.
minja-gripr, m. heirloo77t, keepsake
(saxit var minjagripr Jjeirra).
minjar, f. pi. 7ne7norial, souvenir,
keepsake (hann tok hringinn Draupni
ok sendi 06ni til minja ; fjessa gripi
skaltu eiga at minjum).
minka (aS), v., see 'minnka*.
minn (min, mitt), pron. my, mine.
minna (-ta, -tr), v, (i) to re77iind of
(m. e-n e-s or e-n i. e-t) ; hon hefir
mik minnt Jjeirra hluta, or minnt mik
a J)d hluti, she has re7?iinded me of
those things ; (2) impers., mik minnir
e-s, / reme77iber, thi7ik of (d.vallt er
ek s^ fagrar konur, J)d minnir mik
pessarrar konu) ; (3) refl., minnast
e-s, to re77ie77iber, call to mind (H.
minntist pess, at A. hafSi rasnta ok
barSa huskarla bans) ; eigi vasri all-
fjarri at m. Jji'n i nokkuru, to re7nember
thee with so7ne S77iall pittance, give
thee so7ne trifle ; m. i. e-t, to bear in
77tind, re77ie77iber ; J)d munu v^r m. i.
hinn forna fjdndskap, then we will
bear in mind the old feud ; to fnention,
talk ^(hann minntist J)d 6. marga luti
J)d, er fyrr hofSu verit).
minnast (t), v. refl. to kiss (m. vi5
e-n or til e-s); hann spratt upp 1
moti honum ok minntist til bans, he
rose and kissed hi77i.
minni, n. (i) me77iory (hann missti
minnis ok {jotti naer sem vitstolinn) ;
leggja e-t i m., to lay up in the mind;
reka m. til e-s, to call to 77iind; (2)
esp. in pi. memorials (slik m. hafa
Islendingar Haraldskonungs ok morg
onnurj ; settir eptir {viz. dau6a) bauta-
MINNI
[298]
MIS-JAFN
steinar til minnis, as a memorial \ (3)
memory, of past time ; J)eir er voru
fyrir virt m., who lived be/ore we can
remember \ (4) ?nemorial cup, toast
(at old sacrifices and banquets) ; maela
fyrir minnum, to propose a toast.
minni, a. compar., minnstr, a.
super!., answering to 'litill', less,
smaller', least, smallest (var minna
karp I)itt, meSan H. konungr lifSi) ;
er sd kallaOr minni maQr {lower in
rank), er oSrum fostrar barn.
minni, n. mouth (of a river, fjord,
valley), = mynni.
rQinnigr,a. ( i ) having a good memory
(Hallr var maSr storvitr ok m) ; (2)
m. e-s, mindful of, bearing in 7nind
(m. peirra meing0r5a, er).
minni-liga, adv. in memory (at t)au
fraegSar verk skyldu -liga haldast) ;
-ligr, a. memorable.
minning (pi. -ar), f. (i) mejnory,
recollection, re77iembrance ; i m. e-s,
in 7ttemory of (i hverja m. heldr J)u
penna dag."^) ; (2) in pi. traces (engar
minningar voru eptir bans meina) ;
(3) gift, present', (4) requitaly re-
venge (l)6tti sjd m. betri en eigi) ; (5)
admonition, foreboding (J)essi m. varS
naliga hverja nott) ; (6) mention, sug-
gestio7i, proposal (g0r3i G. ^i. m., at).
minningar-mark, n. 77ionu77ie7it ;
-vertSr, a. 77ie7norable, worth re77ie77i-
bering (l)at synist monnum -vert).
minni-samligr, a., -samr, a. me-
morable, not to be forgotte7t (mun per
pat minnisamt) ; gora e-m hrid -sama,
to make one re7ne)7iber an attack.
minnis-drykkja, f. a banquet where
there are ' minni ' {toasts) ; -horn, n.
77iemorial horn ; -stoeSr, a. = minni-
samr ; -veig, f. a drink to restore re-
mefnbrance ; -61, n. = -veig.
minnka (atS), v. (i) to lessen, di-
minish', fig., m. sik, virSing sma, to
lower oneself', impers., minnkar e-t,
it abates, decreases \ bi3u peir pess, er
minnkaSi isana) ; (2) to grow less, =
minnkast ; (3) refl., minnkast, to grow
less, decrease (potti mdr mikit vaxa
mfn virSing, en m. ekki).
minnkan, f. decrease, dimi7iishing.
minnr, adv. compar. less (peir sem
vitrari v6ru ok m. drukknir) ; with
dat., vetri m. en hdlf-sextugr, fifty^
four years old', vera lifi m., to be fftinus
one's life, lifeless, dead', engu m., no
less ; minnr en, less than.
minnst,adv. superl least', m. mlnad,
at least a mo7iih ; minnstr, a. superl.
least ; see ' minni '.
mis, d mis (older form miss), adv.
af7iiss', so as to miss-, farast peir hjd
i. m., they pass each other without
77ieeting.
mis-bj6t$a (see bj6t5a), v. to offend',
e-m pykkir st^r -bo6it i e-u, o?ie feels
offe7ided at, takes it ill ; -brigSi, n.
offence ; -dautSi, m. death at different
times ; ef -dau6i peirra yr3i, if 07ie
of thefn should die before the other ;
-deild, f. quar7'el', -deili, n. ^ w7'ong
dealing', undue preference ; -djupr, a.
of unequal depth ; now shallow, now
deep', -6.f^\,n. unequal depth', -eldri,
n. disparity i7i age (-eldri peirra
broeSra var mikit) ; -fall, n. 7nishap,
77nschance', -falla (see falla), v. to
e7i a7niss ; -fangi, m. 77iistake ;
-fara (see fara), v. to treat a}7iiss^
outrage (-fara e-u or me3 e-u) ; e-m
-ferst, it goes a7niss with one', -fari, m.
difference in speed ; -fengr, a. 77tissing
one's aitn', -ferli, n. (l) 7}iisconduct',
(2) 77iishap', -frocSr, a. of different
opinio7t ; -for, f. ( i ) 77iisconduct ; (2)
in pi. mishaps, 7niscarriage, accident ;
-ganga, f. (1 ) disse7it', (2) 77iiscondtict',
(3) spri7ig-tide = -gong ; -goSr, a.
partly good, partly bad ; -gruna (a$),
V. to suspect ; -gong, n. pi., -gongur,
f. pi. spring tide', -g0ra (see g0ra),
V. to do a77iiss, t7'a7isg7'ess ; -g0rt$,
-gprning, f., -g0rningr, m. 77iisdeed,
t7a7isgressio7i', -haldinn, ^^.wronged,
7iot getti7ig fair treatment ; -heldi, n.
imfair treat7nent', -hljocSan, f. dis-
cordance ; -hugi, a., vera -hugi vi3 e-n,
to be at variance with ; -hugna (at5),
V. to displease', -hogg, n. st7'iking
a7niss ; -innt, pp. n., e-m ver6r -innt,
one 7nakes a 77iistake [in speaki7ig) ',
-jafn, a. uneven, unequal, of various
qualities, i7idifferent, rather bad (sam-
farar peirra voru -jafnar) ; moeta -jofnu,
to t7ieet with hardships (sd verdr at
MIS-JAFNA
[299]
MIS-S^^NAST
mcEta -jofnu, er vi3a ferr) ; J)essi aetlan
{)6tti monnum -jofn, there were dif-
ferent opinions about this undertak-
ings -jafna (a5), v. to make uneqical,
share unequally \ -jafna fr^Lsogn um
menn, to give a different accou?it of
speak well of one and ill of another ;
-jafnat5r, m. unequal sharing^ odds ;
-jafnan, f. = -jafnaSr ; -kast, n. throw-
ing away ; farast at -kostum, to be
wasted \ -kenna (-da, -dr), v. to mis-
take for another,
miski, m. offence^ har7n ; gora e-m
til miska, to offend, wrong a person.
mis-kunn, f. forgiveness, mercy^
grace (vill {>. gefast upp i mitt vald til
-kunnar) ; i m. konungs, at the king's
mercy ; g0ra -kunn a e-m, to show
mercy to ; -kunna (atS), v. to show
mercy to, deal fnercifully withy pardon
(-kunna e-m, mail e-s).
miskunnar-andi, m. spirit ofmercy\
-augu, n.pl. eyes ofmetxy ; lita -augum
til e-s, to look in mercy on ; -bragc5, n.
act of gracey -domr, m. merciful judg-
ment ; -fabmr, m. bosom of mercy ;
-gjof, f. gracious gift ; -heit, n. pro-
mise of mercy \ -hugr, m. merciful
disposition ; -lauss, a. merciless, un-
forgiving\ -leysi, n. hardfiess of heart,
crtielly ; -maSr, m. object of charity ;
-verk, n. work of mercy or charity.
miskunn-lauss, 2.. finding tio mercy,
-saniliga, adv. mercifully \ -samr,
a. merciful', -semd, -semi, f. co7n-
passion, mercifulness.
mis-kvet5a (see kvetJa), v. = -masla.
miiskvitSa-laust, adv. withotct
makins^ any slip ('miskviSr') i7i the
pleading (hann sotti malit -laust).
m.is-kvi(5r, m. a slip in the pleading
(before a court) ; -leggja (see leggja),
v. to lay amiss ; fig., e-m eru -la^3ar
hendr, one does the contrary of what
one ought to do ; -litr, a. party-
coloured, variegated', -lika (at5}, v. to
dislike, be displeased with (e-m -likar
e-t) ; -likan, f. dislike-, -litast (see
lita), V, refl., e-m -lizt e-t, one is mis-
taken about a thing ; -lyndi, n. fickle-
ness-, -lyn^Tt Q..fickle-?ninded', -lyti,
n. pi. faults, flaws ; -logur, f. pi.,
leggja fcetma -logum, to lay the feet
across', -munr, m. difference, dis-
proportion ; -msBla (-ta, -tr), v. to
make a slip of the tongue ({^orSi vard
-mailt) ; -mcBli, n. slip of the tongue
(msela -masli) ; e-m verSr -maeli d
munni, one makes a slip of the tongue ;
-rdSit, pp. n., e-u er -radit, it is ill-
advised', -raetSi, n. ill-advised deed;
-roetSa, if. impropriety (drygja -roedu
vi5 konu).
miss, d miss, adv. = mis, i. mis.
missa (-ta, -tr), v. [i) to miss, fail
in hitting (Kolr sveiflaSi til bans 0xi
ok missti bans) ; (2) to be without {^Q\r
hofSu lengi matar misst) ; impers.,
missir e-s, it ceases ; J)ar sem missti
busanna, where there were no longer
any houses ; (3) /<? miss, feel the want
^/(missum ver nii Hdkonar, frsenda
mins) ; m. fotanna, to slip with the
feet, miss one^s footing', impers., ef
min missir vi6, if I should die ; (4) to
lose, suffer loss of', ek hefi mikils
misst, 1 have had a great loss ; (5)
with ace. to lose, esp. in later writers
(ver hofum misst frasndr vdra).
missa, f. loss (megu ver nu eigi
pegja yfir missu okkarri).
m.is-satlr, a. disagreei?tg, at vari-
ance ; -segja (see segja), v. to relate
wrongly or incorrectly,
misseri, n. (i) season, a period of
six months, half year {ix heitir tvau
m.) ; sams misseris, in the same season',
(2) in pi. twelvemo?ith, year (er J)au
hofSu d,samt verit ein m., dttu pau
son) ; onnur m., the next twelve-
month ; d tveim hinum fyrrum miss-
erum, in the two precedi7ig years',
ollum misserum, all the year round.
missi-fengr, a. t7iissing one's aim.
missir (gen. -is), m. loss, = missa.
mis-si5r, a. of tinequal le7igth (of a
garment) ; -sja (see sjd), v. to see
a7?iiss ; -skipta (-pta, -ptr), v. to share
U7iequally ; -smitSi, n. pi., 7nistakes in
a work (svd at eigi verdi stor -smi6i
d) ; sjd, finna -smiSi i. e-u, to fi7id,
see faults in a thing", -storr, a. of
diffe7-e7it size ; -svefni, n. sleeping
and waking alternately ; -synast (see
syna), v. refl., e-m -synist, one sees
wrong, is mistaken (allmjok -synist
MIS-S'5'NI
[300]
MJOL-Vu^TT
Blfkum manni sem Broddier) ; -s^i,n.
deception of sights 7nistake ; -saell, a. of
unequal happiness ; -sfistti, n. discord.
Mist, f . a Valkyrie.
mis-taka (see taka), v. (i) to take
by mistake ; (2) e-m verQr -tekit til e-s,
one does a thi?ig wrongly ; refl., -takast,
to miscarry; -tala (a^), v. to make
a slip with the tongue ; -tekja, f.
(l) mistake; (2) wrongful taking.
mistil-teinn, m. mistletoe.
mis-trua (see triia), v. to 7ftis trust,
disbelieve; -trunatSr, m. mistrust,
doubt; -tryggja (-Sa, -Sr), v. = -trua;
-verk, -verki, n. misdeed; -vitr, a.
not always equally wise ; -J)okkat5r,
pp. offensive, displeasing, with dat. ;
-^okki, m. displeasure, dislike; -l)okk-
nast (atS), v. refl. to displease ; -J)ykki,
n., -J)ykkja, f. discord; -{)ykt, f. ( i ) dis-
pleasure ; (2) discord ; -J)yrina (-da,
-t), V. to violate, damage, outrage ;
-J)yrining, f. maltreatment, outrage.
miga (mig ; meig, migum ; mig-
inn), V. to make water,
mila, f. fnile (rare).
mjatSar-, gen. from * mjoSr' ; -bytta,
f. mead-tub ; -drykkja, f. mead-
drinking; -istra, f. mead-paunch ;
-logr, m. mead-liquor.
mjaSmar-, gen. from * mjo6m ' ;
-bein, n. hip-bone ; -brag($, n. hip-
trick (in wrestling) ; -hofucS, n. the
head of the thigh-bone.
mjall-hvltr, a. snow-white.
mjaltir, f. pi. 7nilking (voru J)dkonur
at mjoltum).
mjaltr, 2i. giving milk, milch.
mjo-beinn, a. slender-legged (a nick-
name) ; -eyg:r, a. narrow-eyed.
mjofast (atS), v. refl. to become nar-
row (sundin mjofast til utsiglingar).
mjo-hundr, m.. greyhound ; -leitr, a.
narrow-faced, opp. to ' breiQleitr '.
mjokka (atS), v. = mjofast.
mjolk (gen. mjolkr), f. milk.
mjolka (aS), v. (i) to milk; (2) to
give milk (geitr mjolkuSu sem kyr).
mjolk-d, f. milk-stream.
mjolki, m. milksop (m. pinn !).
mjolkr, a. milch, giving milk.
mjor (mj6, mjott), a. (i) thin^ slen-
der,slim; mjott band, a slender cord ;
{2) pointed {m. knifsoddr) ; (3) narrow,
opp. to ' breifir ' (t)ar var mjott sund
ok djupt).
mj6-rakki, m. = mjo-hundr.
mjiik-domr, m. meekness ; -fingr-
at5r, a. soft-fingered ; -hendr, a. soft-
handed; -hjartaSr, a. tender-hearted;
-latr, a. meek, gentle ; -leikr, m.
nimbleness, agility; -liga, adv. (i)
softly, tenderly; (2) nimbly; {'i)gentlyf
mildly (tala -liga) ; -ligr, a. meek,
soft ; -lyndi, n. ?neekness ; -lyndr, a.
meek-tempered, gentle ; -laBta (-tta,
-ttr), V. to htimble (-laeta sik) ; -laeti,
n. meekness, gentleness ; -ortSr, a.
smooth-spoken.
mjukr, a. (i) soft to the touch, opp.
to *har6r' (mjiikt skinn) ; {2) agile,
supple (m. ok vel glimufoerr) ; (3)
easy, comfortable {^6ii\ ^t\m J)at mjuk-
ara at taka, er laust flaut) ; (4) meek,
pliable, gentle (per munu menninir
mjukari en m^r).
mjuk-rsBss, a. running smoothly (of
a ship) ; -toekr, a. touching gently .
mj otS-drekka, f . mead-cask ; -drukk-
inn, pp. ' mead-drunk ' ; -drykkja, f.
7nead-drinking.
mjo^m (gen. mja^mar, pi. mja?5-
mir), f. hip ; bregda e-m d. m., to
throw one's antagonist by a hip-trick
(mja6marbrag6).
mjctSr (gen. mjatSar, dat. mic5i), m.
fnead; blanda mjoc3, to blend mead\
grasaSr m., spiced mead.
mjotS-rann, n. tnead'hall.
mjok, adv. (i) with verbs, much,
greatly (hann skaut m. til raSa dottur
sinnar) ; (2) with adjs. and advs. very
(har61yndr m.) ; (3) almost, very nearly
(hann var dau3r m. af kulda).
mjol(gen.mjols,dat.mj61i,mj61vi),
n. meal, flour (skip hla6it af malti ok
mjolvi); •'\iQ\^Vy\'n.7neal-bag; -kaup,
n. pi. purchase of meal (fara at mjol-
kaupum) ; -kyll, m. = -belgr.
mjoll fgen. ■m^QX\.2s),{. fresh powdery
sno2u {si. snjor, er hvitastr er, ok i
logni fellr, ok m. er kallaSr).
mjol-leyfi, n. licence to export meal ;
-said, n. a ineasure of meal; -skuld,
f. rent to be paid in meal ; -V89tt, f. a
weight (40 lbs.) of jneaL
MJORKVA-FLAUa
[301]
m6dur-fadir
mjdrkva-flaug, f, drifting fog.
mjorkvi, m. dense fog = myrkvi.
mjot, n. pi., poet, the right fneasure.
mjdtu(5r, m. (i) dispenser of fate,
ruler, judge ; (2) bane, death (sverd
heitir manns m.) ; (3) = mjotviSr) .
mjot-vitSr, m. the ivorld-tree (?).
moS, n. refuse of hay.
moka (at5), V. (i) with dat. to shovel
(m. osku, snjo, myki) ; (2) with ace.
to cleanse by shovelling, to clear of
du7ig, etc. (m. flor, kviar, fjos).
mokstr, m. shovelling.
mola (at5), v. to crush, break into
small pieces (hauss hans molaSist).
mold (dat. moldu), f. (i) mould,
earth {hl66u sidan at grjoti ok josu at
moldu); [2) earth, the ground ; fyrir
m. ofan, above earth, alive ; fyrir m.
n^b^LVi, beneath the earth, underground',
hniga til moldar, to die.
moldar-auki, m. * mould's eke \
dust; ver3a at -auka, to be ttirned
into dust ; -bakki, m. earth-bank ;
-flaga, f. ''earth-flag', sod.
mold-bakki, m. = moldarbakki ;
-biii, m. mo2ild-dweller, ghost ; -hruga,
f. heap of earth ; -oxi, m. ' mould-
grub ', a nickname ; -reykr, m., -ryk,
n. cloud of dust.
m.oldugr, a. covered with motdd.
mold-vegr, m.path of earth (let hon
mar fara -veg slettanj ; -J)inurr, m.
^ the earth-thong^ (the serpent ' Mi3-
garSsormr ').
moli, m. S77iall piece, crumb ; also
collect, bits, fragments (haussinn
brotnadi i sman mola).
miolna (atS), v. to crumble into dust.
m.ortS, n. murder (kail id per J)at eigi
m., at drepa menn um nastr ?).
m.ort5-f6r, f. death {by 7nu7'der) ;
-gjarn, a. 7nurderous.
m.orSingi (pi, -jar), m. murderer.
m.orc5-jarn, n. 7mirderous weapon ;
-vargr, m. 77iurderer ; -verk, -vig, n.
murder (nattvig eru mordvig).
morgin-drykl?ja, f. morni7ig-dri7ik-
ing; -d-gg, f. 7norni72gdew ; -gjof, f.
bridal gift (on the morning after the
wedding) ; -leiS, f. a morning's walk ;
-mdl, n. 77iorning milking-ti7ne.
morginn (-s, pi. mornar, morgnar).
m. morning ; i. morgin, to-77iorrow ;
at morni, next 7nor7iing (konungr
dvaldist t)ar um nott, en at morni bjo
hann ferd si'na) ; 1 morgin, this {past)
77ior7ti7ig (dau6an segir ^\x {)ann nu,
er vdr hofum hjalat vi3 i morgin) ; to-
7norrow (i morgin, sem Ijost er, skulu
ver rannsaka boeinn) ; um morgininn
(eptir), 7iext 7norning.
morgin-skin, n. tnorning light',
-sol, f. the rising sun ; -stjarna, f.
the 77wrningstar; -tiSir, f. pi. 77iatins ;
-veiSr, f. mor7ii7ig catch ; -verk, n.
77ior}ii?2g work.
morgna (at$), v. to beco7ne morning,
dawn (l)ar til er morgnat var mjok).
morgunn, m. = morginn.
morkna (a$), v. /<? beco77ie rotten.
m.orn, i.pi7ting away.
morna (a?^), v. = morgna.
morna (a5), v. (i) to waste or pine
away (m. ok J)orna) ; (2) to cause to
pine (J)ik mom morni !).
mornan, f. 7nor7ii7ig, dawn.
m.osa-vaxinn, pp. moss-grown.
mosi, m. (i) moss; (2) 77ioo7ia7id.
mosottr, a. mossy, 7710 ss-gr own.
motr (gen. -rs), m. a ladys head-
gear (m. snjohvitr ok gullofinn).
motra, f. a woman weari7ig a ' motr '.
moast (atSj, v. refl. to be digested.
mo-alotrr, a. with a dark streak
along the back (of a horse) ; -bninn,
a. dark brown, du7i.
m.6(5a, f . large river.
moS-akarn, n. * mood-acorn ', heart.
motJerni, n. (i) mother's side, of
lineage ; at m., on the mother's side ;
(2) maternal origin (ei mun logit til
moSernis J)ins) ; (3) motherhood.
moSir (gen., dat. and ace. moSur or
moecSr ; pi. m.oe$r), f. mother.
mo^-ligr, a. excited, vehe7nent.
motSr, m. excite77ie7it, wrath, passion
(t)d gekk af honum moQrinn, ok sef-
a6ist hann).
moSr, a. weary, exhausted, worn out
(hann var m. mjok af gongu).
moS-tregi, m. deep sorrow.
motSugr (ace. motSgan), a. 7noodyj
excited ; m. d, munafi, bent on lust.
moSur-arfr, m. 77iater7ial inherit-
ance; -brocSir, m. uncle \ -fat5ir, m.
M6DUR-PILEWrDB
[302]
MOTS
grandfather ; -fraendr, m. pi. kinsmen
on the mother's side ; -kvit5r, m.
mother's womb ; -kyn, n. mother's kin ;
-lauss, a. motherless \ -leggr, m.
mother's side ; -ligr, a. motherly ;
-sonr, m. mother's son ; engi -son,
not a living soul ; -systir, f . aunt ;
-tunga, f. one's mother-tongue ; -sett,
f. kinsfolk on the mother's side.
mo-hella, f. {^slab of) tufa ; -kolla,
f. a ewe with a dusky head ; -kollottr,
a. with a dusky head (of sheep).
mor (gen. mos, pi. moar), m. moor^
heathy barren moorland.
mo-rau^r, a. yellowish brown ;
-rendr, a. russet (of wadmal) ;
-skjottr, a. dun-piebald.
mot, n. (i) meetings maela m. meS
s^r, to fix a meeting ; (2 ) town-meeting
(var bldsit til mots i boenum ok sagt,
at konungr vildi tala vi6 boejarmenn) ;
(3) joint J juncture (cf. * lidamot *) ; (4)
in prepositional and adverbial phrases ;
i. mot, i mot e-m, to meet a person
(ganga, ri5a d or 1 mot e-m) ; against
(maela, standa i, or 1 m6t e-u) ; i mot,
in returfi, in exchange ; i. moti, i
moti, at moti (e-m) = i mot ; snua i
moti e-m, to turn against one ; risa
i moti e-u, to rise against^ withstand ;
mikit er J)at f moti erfSinni minni,
that is much when set against what
I shall leave behind me ; til m6ts vi6
e-n, to meet one ; halda til mots vid
e-n, to march against one ; vera til
mots, to be on the opposite side ; miklir
kappar eru til mots, there are great
champions to contend with ; eiga e-t
til mots vi3 e-n, to own a thing in
comfnon with another (= til jafns vi6
e-n) ; g0ra e-t til mots vi6 e-n, to
equal one in a thiftg (engan vissa ek
J)ann, er J)at leki til mots vi6 mik).
in6t, prep, with dat. to meet, towards,
etc. = 1 mot (see 'mot' 4).
m.6t, n. (i) image, sta^np (m. d
peningi) ; (2) model {^2^XML smi6a hus
eptir J)v{ moti, sem ek mun syna J)dr) ;
(3) mark, sign (mdttu sjd m. d., er hon
hlser vid hvert or6) ; cf. * ambdttar-,
manns-, aettar-, CEsku-mot ' ; (4) man-
ner^ way ; med kynligu (undarligu)
moti, in a strange manner \ mikill
fjoldi dyra me3 ollu moti, of every
shape and manner ; med {)vi moti, in
that way ; me5 l)vi moti, at, in such
a way that ; med litlu (minna) moti, in
a small {less) degree ; me6 engu m6ti,
by no means ; frd moti, abnofmal.
mota (atS), v. (i) to form, shape ; (2)
to stamp, coin (motadr peningr).
mot-bara, f. (i) ^ count er-wave\
objection ; (2) adversity ; -barligr, a.
adverse ; -bldstr, m. opposition ;
-burSr, m. coincidence ; -drattr, m.,
-droegi, n. opposition^ resistance ;
-droegr, a. adverse, opposed ; -ferSir,
f. pi. opposition ; vera i -ferSum vi3
e-n, to resist, go against one ; -ferli,
n. adversity.
ni6t-:Qalar, -:Qalir, f. pi. the platform
on which 7neetings were held.
mot-for, f. resistance, opposition
(vera i -for vi3 e-n) ; -ganga, f. =
-for (veita e-m -gongu, vera i -gongu
vid e-n) ; -gangr, m. = -ganga.
motgangs-maSr, m. opponent, ad-
versary (heilagrar kristni -menn).
in6t-g0rt5, f. offence, annoyance (ef
fostra minum vasri eigi -g0r6 i).
m6tg0r(5a-sanir, a. given to offend
or annoy (one).
mot-horn, n. * meeting-horn ', trum-
pet (rot-id sem ogurligt -horn).
mot-hogg, n. blow in front, opp. to
'bakslag'.
moti, prep, with dat. = 1 moti, (i)
against, contrary to (J)at var bagdi m.
guds logum ok heilagrar kirkju) ; (2)
in the direction of, towards, = i gegn
{i. I)ann bekk, er vissi m. solu) ; kon-
ungr leit m. honum, the king looked
towards him ; (3) itt return for (gaf
jarl konungi god ord m. vindttu bans) ;
(4) of time, towards (m. degi) ; m.
vetri, towards the setting in of the
winter.
mot-kast, n. objection, opposition.
mot-lauss, a. without a join (of a
ring) ; -iikt, adv. similarly, in a like
manner (-likt ferr annan aptan) ;
-mark, n. stamp; -msBla (-ta, -tr),
V. to contradict ; -mesli, n. contradic-
tion ; -reiS, f . encounter on horseback ;
-reist, f. resistance ; -ris, n. = -reist.
mots, gen. from * mot * ; m. vid e-n
m6t-settr
[303]
MUN-LIGR
= til mots vi6, see * mot ' 4 (ek skal
fara m. vi3 \>i).
mot-settr, pp. adverse to (e-m) ;
-snuinn, pp. adverse, opposed to (e-m) ;
-sta(5a, f. resistance ; -stacSligr, a.
opposing, hostile.
mot-stefna, f. a meeting previotisly
Jixed or arranged.
ni6t-stoe(5ligr, a. = -staQligr.
motstotSu-flokkr, m. opposition
party ; -maSr, m. antagonist, adver-
sary (motstodumenn Gunnars).
mot-svar, n. anszver, reply \ -tak,
n. resistance, defence ; -taka, f. = -tak ;
-vitSri, n. contrary wind.
m.6t-v611r, m. place of meeting.
m6t-l)r6i, m. hostility ; -J)ykki, n.
dislike, displeasure.
muSla (aS), v. to mumble ; m. fyrir
munni s^r, to mutter to oneself
m.utSlan, f. mumbling.
mutJr (gen. murms), m. = munnr.
mugga, f. mugginess, drizzling mist.
muggu-veSr, n. muggy, misty
weather (snasskafa e6a -ve3r).
muna (man, munda, munatSr), v.
to remember (mantu nokkut, hver or6
ek hafcJa J)ar um ? {>at man ek gorla) ;
m. langt fram, to remember far back ;
m. til e-s, to have recollection of{spYrr
Sveinn konungr, hvdrt J)eir muni til
heitstrengingar sinnar) ; m. e-m e-t, to
remember a thing against one (skal
ek nu, segir hon, muna J)er kinn-
hestinn).
muna (aS), v. (i) to move, remove,
with dat. ; m. ut gar6i, to shift the
fence farther off, widen it ; mer er or
minni munat, / have quite forgotten
it ; intrans., m. fram, to move forward,
advance (miSlum ekki spor vdr, nema
ver munim fram) ; (2) to make a dif-
ference, with dat. of the amount (svd
at muni halfri stiku i tiu stikum).
muna (ac$), v. impers. ; e-n munar,
one longs, desires (rare).
muna6ar-lifna$r, m. life of plea-
sure ; = munufi-lili.
munatJr (gen. -ar), m. vobiptuouslife.
muna-fullr, a. delightful.
munar-heimr,m. ho?ne of happiness ;
•lauss. Joyless, ufihappy.
mund, n. time, high time (er J)u hefir
gort J)etta, {)d mun per m. or hauginum
d braut) ; (1) J)at m., at {by, about) that
time; with gen., i fat m. dags, at
that tijne of the day ; onnur misseri
i J)etta m., this time next year ; 1
t)au m., in those days ; irregular pi.
mundir, f., hann bad menn si'na bi6a
til annars dags i {sair mundir, wait till
the same hour next day.
mund (dat. mundu), f. hand.
munda (at5), v. to ai}?z, point, with a
weapon (Gunnarr mun eigi lengi m.
atgeirinum, ef hannfoerir hann i. lopt) ;
recipr., mundast at or til, to point at
one another (with weapons).
mundang, n. the tongue of the
balance, the 7nean betiveen two ex-
tremes, moderation ; hserra nafn en
m. vasri, than was fit and proper ;
gen. sing. *mundangs', and gen, pi.
' mundanga * used as adv., moderately,
in a fair degree (mundangs mikit,
mundanga heitr).
mundang-leikr, m. moderation ;
-liga, didv. justly, duly ; -ligr, 3.. just,
due, proper (-ligt hof).
mundanga-hof, n. the true middle,
golden mean, due moderation ; me5
-ho^, moderately, duly, fitly ', -ma^r,
m. moderate man.
mundar-mdl, n. agreement about
a woman's 'mundr'.
Mundia-fjoll, n. pi. the Alps.
mund-laug, f. basin used in washing
the hands (hann tok mundlaugar t)rjar
faSar med gulli).
mund-mdl, n. = mundarmdl.
miundr (gen. -ar), m. the sicm which
the bridegroom had to pay for his
bride, and which after the wedding
became her own property.
mund-ricSi, m. handle of a shield,
mun-gat, n. ale, s??tall beer.
mungats-g0rS, f. brewing of ' mun-
gdt ' ; -tunna, f. ale-cask.
munka-bunac5r, m., -klsB^i, n. pi.
monastic dress ; -kiifl, m. monk's
habit ; -lifna^r, m. 7nonastic life ;
-sit5r, m. conventual rule.
munk-ligr, a. monkish, monastic,
-lif, -lifi, n. mo7iastery.
m.unkr (-s, -ar), m. monk, friar,
mun-ligr, a. desirable, advantageous.
MUWN'-EIDR
[304]
MULL
nmnn-eitSr, m. swearing {2ls a prac-
tice) ; -fyllr, f. mouthful.
munni, m. mouth, opening.
munn-litill, a. with a sjfiall 7nouth ;
-Ijotr, a. with an ugly-shaped 7nouth ;
-ndm, n. ; med orSum -ndms, with
the words of his mouth.
munnr (-s, -ar), old nom. mutSr,
m. (i) mouth ; masla fyrir munni ser,
to say in a low voice ; e-m verSr e-t
i. munni, one happens to say (Jjat var6
henni i. munni, er hon sd. t)etta : * sjd
ben markar spjoti spor ') ; maela af
munni fram, to extemp07'ize ; (2) the
steel edge of an axe or hammer.
munn-rugl, n. twaddle.
munns-h^fn, f. language ; hafa g66a
-hofn, to use good language.
munn-skdlp, n. idle talk ; -vani, a.
mouthless ; -vitSr, a. wide-jnouthed.
munr (-ar, -ir), m. (i) mi7id\ e-m
leikr 1 mun, one has a mind to, feels
inclined to (= leikr e-m i skapi) ;
munar striS, hearfs grief \ (2) mind,
longings delight; at minum munum,
to my mind\ grata at muni, to weep
heartily ; at mannskis munum, to
please anybody ; leita e-m munar, to
comfort one ; (3) love ; sd inn mdttki
m., all-powerful love\ vasttak mins
munar, / waited for my love ; komast
d muni vi6 e-n, to insinuate oneself
become intimate, with one.
munr (-ar, -ir), m. (i) difference (hvi
g0rir J)u svd mikinn mun barnanna) ;
er J)ess, mikill m., hvart, it makes a
great difference, whether ; (2) mofnent,
importance ; e-m er m. undir e-u, it
is of importance to one (at hann skyldi
segja honum J)d hluti, er honum vasri
m. undir at vita) ; e-m er m. at e-u, it
is of some moment (ok maetti per ver6a
munr at, at J)eir vseri J)er heldr sinn-
a6ir en i moti) ; meta muninn, to
hesitate (Hrolfr mat eigi muninn eptir
J)eim at fara) ; Gri'mr g"0r6i ok pann
mun allan, er hann matti, G. strained
every nerve ; (3) the dat. ' muni ' or
* mun ' before a compar., somewhat ( =
nokkuru), considerably , a good deal ;
Ijostu mun kyrrara, strike somewhat
more gently ; me6 muni minna lidi,
with considerably less force ; adding
a pronoun, J)eim mun (before a com-
par.) = J)vi ; Jjeim mun betr, so ynuch
the better; engummun = engu ; engum
mun verr, no worse \ (4) what is
wanted, required; er mikilla muna
vant or d. vant, much is wanting (J)6tti
honum mikilla muna d vant, at vel
vceri) ; E. hafSi eigi skaplyndi til at
bidja konung h6r neinna muna um,
E. was too proud to beg anything in
this case ; (5) adverbial phrases, fyrir
hvern mun, by all means ; fyrir engan
mun, by no means ; (6) means, thi?tgs ;
at eigi muniS €x alia ySra muni til
leggja, that you will not contribute
all your means, strain every nerve ;
biskup las fyrst smam ok smdm
munina fyrir J)eim, expounded all the
details for thetn.
munu (man or mun, munda ; pret.
infin. mundu), v. (i) as an auxiliary
verb simply denoting futurity, shall,
will; munu margir J)ess gjalda, mafiy
will smart for it ; ok mun hann her
koma brdtt, andhe will be here speedily ;
(2) denoting what is probable or pretty
certain, is sure to, must ; I)u munt
vera feigr maSr, thou art surely a
death-doomed man ; mi mun fadir
minn dau6r vera, now 7ny father rnust
be dead; (3) in past tenses, would
(eigi mundak trua) ; must, kvad hann
t)d mi mundu dauda, he said that now
they must be dead.
mun-utS (contr. from ' mun-ug6 ',
' mun-hug6 '), f. pleasure, lust, love.
munutS-ligr, a. sensual; -liii, n. life
of pleasure or lust.
mura, f. silver-weed, goose-grass,
m.urra (atSj, v. to fnurmur.
mustartSr, m. mustard.
mustari, musteri, n. temple,
muga-slattr, m. mowing in swaths.
miigi, m. (l) swath ; (2) crowd (meQ
miiga hers) ; cf. ' almugi '.
miigr, m. crowd, cotnmon people
(allr m. Svia hljop upp) ; heimskr m.,
the foolish mob.
mul-binda, v. to muzzle (Oddr miil-
bindr unga gammsins).
muli, m. (i) muzzle, snout ; (2) prO'
Jecting jjiountain, ' mull *,
m.ull (-S, -ar), m. fnule.
MURR
[305]
M^LA
indrr, m. wall (of brick or stone).
miis (pi. myss), f. (i) mouse (svd
hraeddr sem m. i skreppu) ; (2) the
biceps muscle in the arm (kom ein or f
handlegginn i musina).
musa-gangr, m. inroad of inice.
musar-bragt$,n. a trick inwrestling.
muta, f. ( 1 ) fee, gratuity ; em ek
eigi vanr at taka mutur d afli minu, to
exhibit my strength for money ; (2)
maela e-t d mutur, to make a secret of
speak with reserve (ekki parf t)etta d
mutur at maela) ; (3) bribe.
mutatSr, pp. that has moulted or
mewed (gashaukr fimm sinnum m.).
mutu-fe, n. bribe ; -girni, f. cor-
ruption by bribery ; -gjarn, a. open to
bribery \ -^bifi. bribe-giving \ some-
thing given as a bribe.
mygla (at$), v. to grow mouldy or
musty (J)at brau6 er nu myglat).
m.ygla, f. mouldiness, mustiness.
myglugr, a. musty (myglugt brauS).
myki, f. dung', -reka, f. dung-
shovel; -skdn, f. a cake of cow -dung.
mylja (m.yl, mulda, m.uldr), v. to
crush to pieces (allt mylr hann meS
sinum tonnum).
mylkja (-ta, -tr), v. to give suck.
mylna, f. mill.
mylnu-matSr, m. miller.
mynd. (pi. -ir), f. (i) shape, form
(hverja m. sem hann hefir tekit a sik) ;
(2) image, fgure\ (3) manner; i. Jjd
m. sem, in the same manner as ; at
nokkurri m., in some manner.
mynda (atS), v. {\) to shape, form ;
m. e-t eptir e-u, to shape after, imitate ;
(2) to aim, point =Ti\MXidi2L ; m. til e-s,
to hint at (ekki J)arf h^r at m. til J)ess,
er OSS er i hug).
mynni, n. mouth (of a river, fjord).
myrtSa (-rtSa, -r$r), v. (l) to 7nurder
(modur tokt mina ok myrSir til
hnossa) ; (2) to conceal a murdered
body (hann drap hann sofanda ok
myr6i hann sidan) ; (3) to conceal,
suppress (skal ek eigi m. J)etta kon-
ungsbref).
myrginn, m. morning, = morginn.
myrk-blar, a. dark blue; -blaucSr,
a., -faBlinn, a. afraid i7i the dark ;
-faelni, I. fear in the dark ; -heimr, m.
ICEL. DICT.
home of darkness ; -hraeddr, -hraB^-
inn, a. = -faslinn.
myrkja (-ti , v. to grow dark (tekr
nu at m. af nott).
myrk-leikr, m. darkness, obscurity.
myrkna (a5), v. to grow dark.
myrk-naetti, n. the darkest part of
the night, dead of night (J)eir komu
]3ar um -nsetti).
myrkr (ace. myrkan, -van, -jan),
a. (i) dark, 7nurky (um kveldit, er
myrkt var) ; myrkt var af nott, the
night was dark ; g0r6i myrkt, it grew
dark; (2) dark, obscure in mea7iing,
hard to understand (myrkt J)ykki mer
J)at ma^lt at kalla skdldskap med {)ess-
um heitum).
myrkr, n. darkness (m. var mikit).
myrkra-fullr, a. full of da7'kness ;
-statSr, m. place of darkness.
myrk-ritSa, f. ' night-rider ', hag,
witch (cf. 'kveldrida').
myrkva (-ti), v. to grow dark ; im-
pers., en er nott (ace.) myrkti, when
the night grew dark ; en er m. tok,
when it began to grow dark.
myrkva-stofa, f. dungeon.
myrkvi, m. (i) darkness; (2) dense
fcg (cf. ' mjorkvi ').
myrk-vitSr, m. dark wood, 77iirk'-
wood; also as a place-name.
mysa, f. whey.
my, n. 77iidge (svd margir sem my).
my-bit, n. midge-bite,
niygja (-t5a, -§r), v. to put down,
oppress, with dat.
niykja, older form mykva (-ta, -tr),
v. to s7nooth, soften ; m. sik, to soften
oneself; refi., mykjast, to be softened.
mykt, f. soft7iess, ki7idness.
my 11 (-S, -ar), m. ball, stone.
myri-snipa, f. co7nmon S7tipe.
myr-lendi, n. boggy grou7id ; -lendr,
a. boggy ; -ottr, a. = -lendr.
myrr (gen. myrar, ace. and dat.
myri, pi. myrar), moor, bog, swa7np.
mysla, f., myslingr, m. little 77iouse.
m.aBgtS, f. affinity by 77iarriage.
maBgi, n. = nicCgQ.
maegjast (tS), v. refl. to mairy into
a family (m. vi6 e-n).
maBkir, m. a kind of sword.
maela (-ta, -tr), v. (i) to speak, with
X
Mi^LA
[306]
MCEDA
ace. and absol. (Flosi maslti ekki orQ
a meSan) ; m. morgum orSum, to use
many words ; m. e-n orSum , to address
one ; m. mdli, to speak a {foreign) lan-
guage ; m. ceSfu, to express fear, de-
spondency ; m. log, to speak laiv, have
the law on one's side in pleading ; m.
mdlum, to plead a cause ; m. maslt
mdl, to speak what others say ; (2) to
stipulate^ appoint^ settle (var sva maslt,
at S. jarl skyldi koma til Dyflinnar) ;
m. mot me6 ser, to fix an interview ;
m. ser e-t, to claitn for oneself (ef J)u
vilt ^€r m. man) ; (3) with preps., m.
aptr, to retract (one's words) ; m. d
mdli, to speak a language (m. d Irsku) ;
m. eptir e-n, to take up the prosecution
in the case of a slain man (J)u dtt
eptir hraustan mann at m.) ; m. eptir
e-m, to take one's part ; m. fyrir, to
order, prescribe (sagSi JofriSr honum,
at barnit er ut borit, sem hann hafSi
fyrir mselt) ; m. fyrir e-u, to claim ;
allt I)at silfr, er hann maslt i fyrir, which
he had bargained for ; m. fyrir griSum ,
to declare a truce (by using the proper
formula) ; m. vel fyrir e-m, to express
a wish for a person^ s good fortune (G.
gaf sveininum gullsylgju ok maelti vel
fyrir honum) ; m. fyrir skipi, to say
the prayer when a ship puts to sea ;
m. fyrir minni, to propose a toast \ m.
i moti e-u, to gainsay, oppose, object
to (allir heiSnir menn masltu i moti) ;
m. til e-s, to speak to one ; hon maelti
til hans djarfliga, she spoke up to him
boldly ; to speak of one (Gunnar hafSi
aldri ilia maslt til Njalssona) ; m. til
e-s, to express a wish for a thing
(Jjeir masitu til vinattu me6 ser at
skilnaSi) ; m. til friSar, to sue for
peace ; m. e-t til e-s, to claiin, call for
as payment (t)eir foru lengi undan ok
masltu til fe mikit at lyktum) ; m. um
e-t, to say about a thing (G. spur5i,
hvat hann maslti um hrossin) ; to utter,
say solemnly (J)at last ek verSa um
maslt, at) ; m. e-n andan e-u, to beg
one off from (m. e-n undan dauc3a) ;
m. vi6 e-n, to speak to (G. maslti vi3
Ogmund : fylg pu peim til husa min-
na) ; m. vi5 e-u, to gainsay, refuse ;
(4) refl., maelast fyrir, to speak (hvf
J)u, GangrdSr, m^list af gdlfi fyrir ?) ;
to ^ray, say one' s prayers (leggst hann
niSr ok maslist mi fyrir, sem honum
l)6tti vasnligast) ; maslist e-t vel (ilia)
fyrir, it is well (ill) spoken of {\\^
Gunnars spurSist ok masltist ilia fyrir
um allar sveitir) ; m. um, to speak of',
m. undan, to excuse oneself, decline
(hann masltist undan); m. viO, to speak
to one another (ekki masltust peir fleira
t)ann dag vi6) ; m. einn (saman) vi6,
to talk to oneself', to have the word
alone ; impers., e-m maelist vel, one
speaks well, 7Jiakes a good speech
(sogSu menn, at honum masltist vel),
m.aala (-da, -dr), v. to measure.
msBlandi (pi. -endr), m. pleader,
maBlgi, f. prattle, 7niich talking.
maBli-hlass, n. measu7'ed cartload',
-ker, -kerald, n. vessel used as a
measure.
msBling (pi. -ar), f. (i) measuring,
7neasure»ietit ; (2) dimension.
msBlir (gen. -is, pi. -ar), m. 7neasure.
maelska, f. (i) eloquence', (2) idiom.
msBlsku-matJr, m. orator.
maBltr, pp. spoken ; esp. in compds.,
Mg-, marg-, stutt-masltr.
maar, a. = mjor (poet.).
maer (gen. meyjar, dat. mey or
meyju, ace. mey, pi. meyjar), f. (i)
77iai(i, girl, virgin (ufrom sem ungar
meyjar) ; (2) poet, daughter, answer-
ing to * mogr ' (J)egi J)u Frigg, pii ert
Fjorgyns mser).
msera (-cSa, -Sr), v. to praise, laud;
m. e-n e-u, to decorate with.
msBringr (-s, -ar), m. a noble 7na7i.
maBrr, a. fa7}ioics, glorious, illus-
trious (m. jofurr ; masrir tivar).
maBta-gripr, m. costly thing; -matSr,
m. worthy 7nan.
maeti, n. pi. (i) good things (morg
veit ek m. mer gengin fra) ; (2) hafa
m. d e-u, to have a fancy for, vahie
highly (lat oss sjd naut t^au, er J)ii
hefir svd mikil m. d) ; leggja m. d e-n,
to take a fancy for.
m.aBti-ligr, a. costly, valuable.
m8Btis-mac5r, m. = mastamaSr.
maetr, a. costly, excelle7tt, worthy,
msBtur, f. pi., = masti (2).
moeSa (-dda, -ddr), v. to make
MCEDA
[307]
NAFN-FESTR
weary (moSr), exhaust, plague \ refl.,
moedast, to become wearied or ex-
hausted (moeddust {Jeir af kulda).
mcEtSa, f. trouble, trial, distress.
moeSgin, n. pi. mother and son{s).
moeSgur, f. pi. vwther and daughter.
■mcEt^iti.weariness, exhaustion, short-
ness of breath ; -liga, adv. wearily ;
varp hann ondinni -liga, he drew his
breath painfully, -ligr, a. trouble-
some, -fyainful.
mcBcSing, f. trouble, — moeSa.
moe^i-samligr, -samr, a. trouble'
some, exhausting.
moena (-da, -dr), v. {i) to provide
with a ridge ; (2) to tower (m. upp or).
moenir (gen. -is), m. ridge of a
house (hann hljop upp a moeninn).
moerskr, a. belonging to the district
of Moeri in Norway.
moeta (-tta, -tt), v. (i) to meet (J)ar
moetti hann Grimi inum rau6a) ; (2}
to 7neet with, suffer (bondi sd, er
skaSanum moetti) ; (3) refl., moetast,
to tneet one another (l)eir mcettust i.
fornum vegi) ; to join, meet (t)ar er
moetist Sogn ok HorQaland).
mogl, n. murniuring, grumbling.
mogla (acSj, v. to murmur, grumble.
moglan, f. murmuring.
moglanar-samr, a. given to grum-
bling (J)rcellinn g0r8ist -samr).
mogr (gen. magar, dat. megi ; pi.
megir, ace. mogu), m. (i) son (mey
frumunga fal hann megi Gjuka) ; (2)
boy, youth (l^eir letu mog ungan til
moldar hniga).
mogu-ligr, a. possible (sem fremst
var honum -ligt).
mok, n. pi. intercourse, dealings.
mokkr (dat. mekki), m. dense cloud.
mol (gen. malar), f. shingle, pebbles^
gravel (Flosi var uppi d molinni).
molr (gen. malar ; pi. melir, ace.
molu), m. moth.
m0lva (m01da), v. to crush, pound.
mon (gen. manar, pi. manar), f.
mane of a horse ; skera mon, to cut
the mane', morum sinum m. jafnaSi,
he trimmed the manes of his horses.
monduU (dat. mondli), m. handle of
a quern (tokum a mondli skarpara).
m.6n-skurt$r, m. fnane-cutting.
m.6purr, m. maple- tree.
mor-bjuga, n. saicsage of suet (morr)
and meat; -fjandi, m, '' suet'fiend\ =
mor-landi.
mor^r (gen. martJar, dat. mertJi),
m. marten (cf. ' mardskinn ').
mork (gen. merkr, pi. merkr), f.
fnark, by weight or value, = eight
ounces (atta aurar).
mork (gen. markar and merkr, pi.
markir and merkr), {.forest.
m.or-landi, m. ^ suet-lander\ a nick-
name given to the Icelanders by the
Norwegians.
morr (gen. mors), m. suet (morr eSa
feiti fornar hverrar).
moru-eldr, m. phosphorescence.
moskvi, m. fnesh (rida moskva).
mosmar, m. pi. treasures (poet.).
mosurr, m. maple.
mdsur-bolii, m., -skdl, f. mazer
bowl or cup ; -tr6, n. maple-tree.
mottul-band, n. mantle-tie.
m.6ttull (dat. mcttli), m. mantle.
mottul-skaut, n. mantle-skirt.
mdtu-nautr, m. messmate] -neyti,
n. messmateship.
N
nadd-61, n. shower 0/ arrows ; -gof-
ugr, a. bright-studded {}).
naddr (-s, -ar), m. stud, nail.
natSr (gen. -rs), m., natSra, f . adder,
snake (naSra mikil ok illileg).
nafarr (dat. nafri), m. auger^gimlet.
nafars-rauf, f. gimlet-hole.
nafli, m. nave^.
nafn, n. ( i) name ; at nafni, by name ;
1 nafni e-s, in ojie's name ; (2) name,
title (hersir at nafni).
nafna, f . female natnesake.
nafn-bot, f. title, rank; -festr, f.
^ name-fas tening\ a. gift which it was
KAFN-FR^GR
[308]
NAUTA-HELLIR
usual to make when a new name was
given to any one (hvat gefr \>u. m6r at
-festi ?) ; -freegr, 2l. famous, renowned \
-gipt, f, bestowing of title and rank ;
-gipta (-pta, -ptr), v. to tiame, call.
nafhi, m. namesake (finnast J)eir
nafnar jafnan).
nafn-kenna (-da, -dr), v. to name ;
-kunnigr, a. renowned ; -ligr, a. ap-
propriate as a naine ; -toga (atS), v.
to name, mention, speak of.
nafra-skj6$a, i. gimlet- bag,
naga (acS), v. = gnaga.
nagga (a5), v. = gnadda.
nagl (gen. nagls, pi. negl), m. nail.
nagli, m. nail, spike (naglar i skipi).
nagls-roetr, f. pi. root of the nail.
nakinn, a. naked, = nokviSr.
nakkvar, adv. somewhere.
nakkvarr, nakkverr, pron. any, =
nekkverr, nokkurr).
nara (pres. nari), v. to linger.
nasa-, gen. pi. from * nos ', -dreyri,
m. bleeding at the nose ; -laBti, n. pi.
snuffing ; -vit, n. the sense of smell.
nas-bjorg, f. = nefbjorg ; -bracSr, a.
hot-headed ; -raufar, f. pi. nostrils.
nautS, f. (l ) need, distress ; i nau3um
staddr, in distress, distressed', me6
nauSum, with great difictdty ; (2)
bo7idage, = d,nau6 (seldr 1 nau6) ; (3)
pi. shackles, fetters (hann vissi ser d
hondum hofgar nauSir).
nautSa (atS), v. to rustle, = gnau5a.
nautSa-kostr, m. dire choice ; -mik-
ill, a. very severe (vetr -mikill).
naut5ar-m^atSr, m. botidsman.
nauSa-saBtt, f. ati enforced agree-
ment (taka -sastt af jarJmum).
nauo-beita, f. sailing close to the
wind (leggja i -beitu) ; -beygja (-c5a,
-c5r), V. to force, compel, subdue ; -folr,
a. vejy pale.
nau^ga \at5', v. to compel, force,
with dat. (n. monnum til biota).
naut5-gjald, n. forced payment ;
-gongull, a. helping {wojnefi) i7t need
(ftcer nornir, er nau6gonglar eru).
nautSigr (ace. nautJgan), a. miwill-
ing, reluctant (f'yri for mjok nau6ig) ;
taka konu nau6ga, to ravish ; mer er
e-t nauSigt, // is against my will, J
do not like it.
nauS-kvdn, f. unwilling wife.
nautJleyta-matSr, m. near kinsman.
nau$-leyti, n. close affinity, relation-
ship (vera i -ley turn vi6 e-n) ; -liga,
adv. painfully ; -Ijotr, a. hideous ;
-maSr, m. husbafid; -magr, m. an
enforced 'mdgr'; -oka (at5), v. to
co??tpel, force ; -pina (-da, -dr), v. to
force by tortnents.
nau^r, f. necessity, need ; ef mik n.
um stendr, if I a7n in 7ieed.
nauc5-reki, a. drifted by a stor7n ;
-skilja, a. indecl. doo77ied to part;
-skilnatSr, m. forced parting, forced
divorce ; -staddr, pp. distressed, = i
nau6um staddr ; -syn (gen. -synjar,
pi. -synjar), f. need, 7iecessity (er -syn
at drepa nidr illu or6i) ; ganga -synja
sinna=ganga eyrna (eyrenda) sinna ;
-synja (ac5), v. impers., e-n -synjar,
07ie stands in need of.
nautJsynja-erendi, n. pressing busi-
ness ; -for, f. pressing joiirney ;
-hlutir, m. pi. necessaries ; -lauss, a.
unnecessary ; at -lausu, without neces-
sity (f>. hafSi at -lausu gengit d vald
Hrafns) ; without iitipediinent, in case
there be no lawful hindrance ; -sysla,
f. pressing busi7iess ; -verk, n. needful
work (her hefir J)u mikit -verk unnit).
nau(Ssyn-liga, adv. necessarily ;
-ligr, a. necessary.
nautSu-liga, adv. (i) in need; -liga
kominn, staddr, in straits ; (2) with
difficulty; komast -liga undan, a brott,
fd -liga format ser, to have a 7tarrow
escape ; -ligr, a. hard, difficult.
naiit5ung, f. co7iipulsi07i, constraint.
nau(5ungar-eic5r, m. an oath taken
under co77iptdsion ; -kostr, m. C07n-
pulsory ter77is ; -laust, adv. without
co77ipulsio7i ; -matSr, m., vera -madr
e-s, to be tinder another person's
thu7nb; -saBtt, f. co77ipulsory agree-
77ient (cf. ' naudasastt ').
naust, n. boat-house, boat- shed.
naut, n. neat, cattle (menn hafa |)ar
mart nauta ok sau6a).
nauta-beit, f. pasture for cattle',
-brunnr, m. well for watering cattle ;
-ferill, m. cattle-track; -fjoldi, m.,
-flokkr, m. drove of cattle ; -gaezla,
f. the keeping of cattle ; -hellir, m. a
NAUTA-MADR
[309]
nAm
cave used as a stalls -mat$r, m. neat-
herd, herdsman ; -mark, n. cattle-
mark ; -vara, f. cattle-hides.
naut-fall, n. = nauts-fall ; -f(6, n.
cattle ; -fellir, m. loss {death ) of cattle ;
-hogg, n. the blow which fells an ox
(nu vil ek eigi bi6a -hoggsins).
nautn, f. use made of a thing (of-
mikil n. a skoginum), = neyzla.
nautr (-s, -ar), m. (i) partaker (with
another person) ; (2) donor ^ giver
(g65r J)6tti mer {id nautrinn, er Hdkon
jarl var) ; (3) gift (following the gen.
of the person from whom it comes) ;
sverdit konungs-nautr, the sword that
was the king's gift.
naut-reki, m. herdsman, drover.
nauts-fall, n. a neafs carcase ; -foSr,
n. a neaVs fodder for the winter ; -liut$,
f. OX' or cow-hide ; -rofa, f. tail of a
cow or ox.
na (ndi, ndSa, ndt), v. (i) to get
hold of, reach, overtake, with dat.
(Ingimundr hleypr nu f sk6ginn ok
ndSu I)eir honum ekki); nd til e-s,
to reach one (me6 sverSinu) ; (2) to
get, obtain (er hann ni6i konungs
fundi) ; vdr hofum eigi ndt logum, ^ue
have 7iot had a lawful trial', (3) with
infin., to be able, be allowed (n^6i engi
maSr at bera konungsnafn, nema
hann einn) ; heilindi sitt ef maSr hafa
ndir, if a man may enjoy his good
health ; (4) impers., kennimenn t)eir
er d J)visa iandi nsedi, those clergyinen
who were to be got in this country ;
(5) refl., ndst, to be caught', ef J)at
ndist eigi, if that cannot be attained',
recipr., to reach one another ; J)ar var
myrlent ok mdttu t)eir eigi n^st til,
they could not come to close quarters.
na-, in compds. nigh, near.
nd-bjargir, f. pi. the last service to
the dead, closing the nostrils, eyes and
mouth (veita e-m -bjargir).
na-borinn, pp. near akin, closely
related', -biitS, f. dwelling near to^
neighbourhood', -bui, m. neighbour.
na-bond, n. pi. the bonds in which a
corpse is wrapped.
nat$ (-ar, -ir), f. (i) grace, mercy, =
miskunn ; toku \>6r hann utlendan ok
•akunnan i J)inar nddir, under thy pro-
tection ; (2) pi. rest, peace, quietness ;
1 nddum, in peace, quietness (S. bad
hann vera {)ar um nottina i nkSum) ;
ganga til ndSa, taka d sik ndQir, to go
to rest, compose oneself to rest.
ndtJa (at$j, v. to give resc and peace
to, protect', refl., nlSast, to get rest.
nat5a-hus, n. ( i ) house of rest, closet ;
(2) privy, = ndShus.
natS-hiis, n. privy.
nd.tS-ugr, a. merciful.
natSu-liga, adv. privately, quietly,
-ligr, a. peaceful, quiet.
na-fraendi, m. near kinsman ;
-fraendkona, f. a near female rela-
tive ; -granna, f. female neighbour ;
-granni, m. near neighbour.
nd-grat5ugr, a. corpse-greedy.
na-grenni, n.neighbourhood; -gren-
nis, adv. in the neighbourhood.
na-grindr, f. pi. the gates of the
dead ; -grima, f . * dead man^s mask,*
scalp ; -goll, f. death-cry.
na-hvalr, m. narwhale.
ndinn (pi. ndnir), a. (l) near', ndit
er nef augum, nose is near of kin to
eyes ; (2) n. e-m, closely related tOy
a near kinsman of {^€\x menn eru J)er
ndnir at frasndsemi).
nd-kominn, pp. closely related^
touching one nearly (petta mdl er mer
-komit) ; -kvsBmd, f. coming near to,
proximity ; -kvaBmi, f. exactness ;
-kvaemr, a. (i ) near about one's person,
near to one (var Olafr konungr honum
svd. -kvsemr, at) ; (2) atte?itive, favour-
able (hon er -kvaemust monnum til
aheita) ; (3) minute, close (-kvaemr i
skriptum) ; (4) exact, accurate (baefli
nakvcem svor ok haldkvaem).
ndl (-ar, -ar), f. needle.
nalgast (at5), v. refl. (l) approach,
come near to (n. e-n, n. til e-s) ; (2) ta
come by, get (n. sitt goz).
nd-liga, adv. (i) nigh, near at hand,
near to', (2) almost, nearly (hann vard
ok ndliga alls pess viss, er vi5 bar) ;
-ligr, a. near, close at hand ; -iBBgtS, f .
( I ) nearness, proximity ; ( 2 ) presence ;
-laegjast (tS), v. refl. to approach ;
-l8Bgr, a. (i) near at hand, close by
(-laeg hdru6) ; (2) touching nearly.
ndm, n. (l) seizure, occupation (cf.
na-mAgr
[310]
NE
* landndm ') ; (2) learnings study (er
hann var at ndmi).
nd-mdgr, m. a near relative by
marriage (J)eir eru tveir ndmdgar).
ndm-dukr, m. a kind of cloth.
ndm-girni, f. eagerness to learn ;
-gjarn, a. eager to learti.
ndm-kyrtill, m. a kirtle made of
nimdukr (kona f svortum -kyrtli).
nd-munda, prep, with dat. near to
(vera, liggja, vita -munda e-u) ; vera
{ -munda, to be close by ; -meBgcS, f.
near affinity.
nand, f. neighbourhood^ nearness,
proximity \ koma i n. [or i nandir)
e-u, to come near to.
nar (gen. nas, pi. ndir, ace. nai,
dat. ndm), m. corpse, dead inan ; folr
sem n., pale as death ; nytr manngi
nds, a corpse is good for nought',
bjarga ndm, /^ lend the last service to
the dead', verSa at ni, verSa nar, to
become a corpse.
nari, m. the groin.
na-seta, f. sittijig near, proximity ;
-settr, pp. seated near', -skyldr, a.
closely r- elated.
na-stra, n. pi. ^corpse-straw* ', liggja
d ndstram, to lie dead (on straw) ;
-strond, f. * corse-strand', abode of
the dead.
nd-stoet^r, a. nearly related.
ndtt (gen. -ar, nsBtr, pi. nsBtr), f.
night, see ' nott.'
ndtta (aS), v. (i) to pass the night ;
(2) to become 7iight, grow dark (tok
J)d at n.) ; (3) impers., ndttar e-n, one
is benighted.
nattar-timi, m. 7iight-time ; -I)el, n.
the darkest part of night ; i. -J)eli,
at dead of night.
ndtt-bol, n. night-quarters', -drykk-
ja, f. night-bout ; -far, n. travelling
by night', fara dagfari ok -fari, to
travel day and night', -farar, f. pi.
night-wanderings ; -fasta, f. night-
fast ; -gisting, f. night-quarters ;
-langt, adv. for the night (hviiast,
sofa -langt) ; -leikr, m. night-games ;
-lengis, adv. = -langt ; -liga, adv. at
night., in the night-time', -ligr, a.
nocturnal, nightly ; -mdl, n. * night -
meal\ about nine o'clock p.m.
ndttmdla-skeitJ, n, the time of ' ndtt-
mdl ' ; -varc5a, f. a pyramid [cairn)
intended to show the time <?/' ndttmdl '.
ndtt-messa, f. night-mass ; -myrkr,
n. darkness of night ; -serkr, m.
night-shirt', -&eta.,i. late hours ', -set-
ja, V. to place for the night before
burial', -^oV^i.midnigJit stin; -statSr,
m. night-quarters ; -stefna, f. night'
meeting; -sseta (-tta, -ttr), v. = -setja ;
-songr, m. night-service in a church.
ndtturtSr (gen. -ar), m. = ndttverSr.
ndttura, f. (i) nature (eptir bo3i
ndtturunnar) ; (2) [supernatural) vir-
tue, p07ver (fylgSi pessu n. mikil) ; (3)
pi., spirits, powers.
ndttura^r, pp. havifig a certain na-
ture or virtue.
ndttur-liga,adv. according fonature^
properly ; -ligr, a. proper^ natural.
natturu-bragS, n. natural character;
-gjof, f. natural gift; -gripr, m. an
object possessed of some virtue ; -1 atiss,
a. without supernatural virtue ; -log,
n. pi. law of nature ; -steinn, m. a
stone possessing special virtues.
ndtt-vaka, f. sitting up at night,
night-watch.
nattverSar-drykkja, f. drinking
after supper; -dvol, f. stay during
supper ; -eldi, n. eniertainmetit for
supper ; -mal, n. supper-time.
natt-vert5r, m. supper (fara til
-verQar) ; -vig, n. 7nan-slaughter
during the night; -l)nig, n. an as-
sembly held by night.
naungi, naungr, m. neighbour.
nd-venzlatSr, a. closely related {by
marriage) ; -vera, f. presence ; -ver-
andi, pr. p. present ; -vist, -vista, f.
= -vera.
navistar- or ndvistu-n3a(5r, m. com-
panion, associate (tryggvir -menn).
ne, a negative particle (poet.) with a
verb, (i) not; ut t)u ne kemr, thou
cojfiest not out ; sol J)at ne vissi, hvar
hun sali dtti, the sun knew not, etc. ;
(2) ne einn, not one ; lifa l)eir ne einir
J)riggja tega manna, not one of those
thirty men is left ; ne einu sinni, not
once ; preceded by a negation, a7ty =
neinn (vorum ver ekki mjok vi3 bunir
ne einum ufridi).
NE
[311]
NEITA
n§, adv., preceded by a nejjation,
nor (eigi maslta ek J)etta fyrir Jjer n^
honum) ; hvarki . . . ne, neither . . .
nor (hefir hvdrki heyrt til bans styn
ne hosta) ; hvargi peirra, Onundar ne
f>orfinns, er jafnmenni foSur mins,
neither of the two, O. or Th.y is 7ny
father's equal.
netSan, adv. {i) from below, fro jn
beneath (veittu J)eir atroSr n. eptir
inni) ; (2) without motion, beneath,
underneath (skipit var meitt n.) ; fyrir
n. (with ace), below, beneath (kemr
lagit i fot fyrir n. kne).
netJan-vertSr, a. lower, undermost ;
kom annat lagit 1 bringuna, en annat
i -ver6a brynjuna, in the lower part
of the coat of mail.
neSar-la, -liga, adv. low down, far
below (n. i jordu).
netJarr, adv. compar. lower, farther
down (nokkuru n.).
netSaat, adv. s\ys^^x\. farthest down.
netSri, a. compar. lower, nether (d
neSra strasti) ; it nedra, underneath
(var Ijost it efra, en dimt it neSra).
nef (gen. pi. nefja), n. (i) the bone
of the nose, nasal bone, opp. to * nasir '
(hann rak hnefana d nasir mer ok
braut 1 mer nefit) ; (2) the nose (ndit
er n. augum) ; (3) beak, bill (of a
bird) ; (4) head, person ; um alia Svi-
I)j68 guldu menn 66ni skatt, penning
fyrir n. hvert, a penny per head.
nef-bjorg, f. visor-, -dreyri, m.
bleeding at the nose ; -folr, a. pale-
nebbed', -gildi, n. (i) ^ nose-tax\ poll-
tax (payable to the king) ; (2) a were-
gild, payable to the cognates of a
person, opp. to ' bauggildi '.
nefgildis-ma$r, m. a cognate rela-
tive, recipiefit of ' nefgildi ' ; -skattr,
m. poll-tax.
nef-gjold, n. pi. weregild, — -g\\^\ (2).
nefi, m. nephew.
nef-langr, a. long-nosed', -lauss,
a. noseless ; -litill, a. small-nosed ;
-Ijotr, a. with an ugly nose ; -mikill,
a. big-nosed.
nefna (-da, -dr), v. (i) to name
(nefndu pinn foSr) ; n. sik, to name
one's natne ; n. e-n a nafn, to name by
name ; Oddr er ma6r nefndr, there
is a man mentioned, of the name of
Odd', (2) to mention by name, point
out (nefni ek til t)ess Bjorn ok Helga) ;
(3) to name, appoint, order (nefndi
konungr nokkura menn at ganga upp
i. eyna) ; (4) a law term, to call (n.
menn i dom) ; to summon, cite (allir
aSrir, J)eir sem {)annig voru nefndir) ;
to levy (n. \\h or herudum) ; (5) refl.,
nefnast, to give one's name as^ call
oneself (hann nefndist Hrappr).
nefna, f. naming, nomi/iation (cf.
* domnefna ').
nefnd, f. (1) a levy or contribution
in men and ships (hann vill n. hafa or
hverju fylki basQi at li6i ok skipum) ;
{1) a body of daysmen or arbitrators ;
(3) flame, designation (rare).
nefndar-dagr, m. fixed day («
nefndr dagr) ; -li$, n. levied forces',
-matSr, m. a man named for the levy
(-menn af Foldinni).
nefni-liga, adv. by name, expressly.
nefning (pi. -ar), f. nomination, levy.
nef-siSr, a. long-nosed', -skorinn,
pp. with cut-off nose ; -stecSi, m. nebbed
stithy, sharp-pointed anvil.
negg, n. heart (hjarta heitir n.).
negla (-da, -dr), v. to nail, fasten or
stud with nails (A. negldi saman
utihurd sina) ; negldar hrynjxxr, studded
mail-coats.
nei, adv. no ; kveSa n. vi5 e-u, to
say no to ; setja J)vert n. fyrir e-t, to
refuse flatly.
nei-kv8ecSa (-dda, -ddr), v. to re^
fuse (to do a thing).
neinn, pron. indef,, = n^ einn ; (i)
any, following after a negation (aldrei
svi, at honum vaeri nein raun 1) ; ekki
er Jjetta furSa nein, it is no appari-
tion ; ekki neins sta8ar, not anywhere ;
(2) as subst. any one, anybody ; ekki
neitt, nothing.
neisa, f. shame, disgrace, = hneisa.
neisa (-ta, -tr), v. to put to shame
(svivirSiliga neistr), = hneisa.
neiss,a. ashamed, covered with shame
(n. er n0kvi5r hair).
neisuligr, a. shameful, insulting
(neisulig or3).
neita (aS, or -tta, -tt), v. (i) ta
deny, refuse, abscl. or with dat. (hefi
NEITAN", ISTEITINQ [312)
NEST-IiAUSS
ek \>a.T goQum gripi neitt) ; (2) /^ deny^
forsake (hann neitafii gu6s nafni).
neitan, neiting, f. deny/ng, denial.
nekkverr, pron. any (i nekkhverjum
hlut), = nakkvarr, nokkurr.
nema, conj. (i) except, save, but\
poriga ek segja nema J)dr einum, /
dai'e not tell any one save thee alone ;
engi . . . nema, 710 .. . btit, no [not any)
other than (Grani vildi imdir 0ngum
manni ganga n. SigurSi) ; (2) with
subj. unless ; engir pottu logligir
domar doemdir, nema hann vaeri vi8,
unless he had a hand in them ; (3)
save that ; n. ek hdlsaSa herjans stilli
einu sinni, save that I once fell on the
king's neck ; (4) veit ek eigi n., hverr
veit n., / don't know, {who knows)
but that ; may be, perhaps (hverr veit
n. ek verSa viSa fraegr um sidir) ; (5)
|)vi at eins, n., only in the case, if;
rdQit J)^r J)vi at eins i. J)d n. ^€v se6
allir sem oruggastir, do not attack
thein unless you are all most steadfast
and dauntless-, (6) n. heldr, but rather
(eigi md J)at menn kalla, n. heldr
hunda) ; (7) nor, = ne, hvdrki sverS
n. 0xi, neither sword nor axe.
neina(neni; nam, ndmum ; num-
inn), v.{\) to take, take in use, take
possession of (ef J)u nemr t)^r jor3
dislandi); n. land, to take possession
of land, as a settler (hann nam Eyja-
fjord alJan) ; n. konu, to carry off, ab-
duct a woman ; n. sta5 or sta^ar, to
stop, halt {her munum ver staQ or sta.6-
ar n.) ; n. yndi, to find rest in a place
(hvdrki nam hann yndi i. island! ne i
Noregi) ; (2) n. e-n e-u, to bereave one
of a thing {n. e-n hofSi, aldri, fjorvi) ;
(3) to reach, touch (pilzit var svd sitt,
at nam hasl) ; hv^rt namj^ik e3a eigi,
did it touch thee or not? J^ott t)ikn6tt
um nemi, though the flight overtake
thee ; (4) to amotmt to, be equivalent
to (honum J)6tti landaudn n.) ; (5) as
an auxiliary verb, with infin. ; hann
nam at vaxa ok vel dafna, he grew
apace and throve well ; inn nam at
ganga, he stepped in ; (6) to perceive,
catch, hear, of sound ; vard {)d sv^
mikit uhlj63, at engi nam annars mdl,
that no one could hear the other's voice-.
eigi skulu ver J)at mdl svd. n., we shall
not understand it so ; (7) to learn (n.
log, fjolkyngi) ; to learn by heart (visur
t)essar ndmu margir) ; n. e-t at {or af )
e-m, to learn, get information, about a
thing from one (Glumr haf6i numit
Jjenna atburS at Jjeim manni, er het
Arnor) ; (8) with preps, and advs. ;
n. e-t af, to abolish (var sii hei6ni af
numin sem onnur) ; n. brott konu, to
carry off a wo??ian ; n. eptir e-u, to
imitate ; n. e-t frd, to except (nema
konur ec5a {)eir menn, er hann nasmi
fri) ; n. e-t upp, to pick up (nam ek
upp runar) ; n. vi6, to resist, make a
stand (hann vill enn vi3 n., J)6tt liSs-
munr va^ri mikill) ; to stop, halt (par
ndmu J)eir Hrafn vi6 1 nesinu) ; n. vi3
e-u, to touch (gaddhjaltit nam vi3
bor3inu) ; to be a hindrance to (ef J)at
nemr vi3 forinni, at ^\x J^ykkist hafa fe
of litit) ; impers., nemr vid e-u, there is
an obstacle^ or stop (en er l)eir k6mu
at kirkjudurum, J)d nam {)ar vi5) ; (9)
refl., nemast e-t, to refuse, withhold
from doing-, n. forina, to refuse to go ;
n. ordsendingar hans, to disregard his
messages ; also with infin. (hann bad
hann eigi n. med ollu at g0ra sem
boendr vildu).
nenna (-ta, -t), v. to be minded or
inclined, be willing,feel disposed, with
dat. or infin. (hann nennti eigi starfi J)vi
ok dhyggju) ; mun ek eigi n. 66ru en
fara I moti J)eim, 1 can no longer
forbear going against them ; Hrafn
nennti eigi at starfa, H. did not care
to work, was lazy, with subj., ek
nenni eigi, at, / cannot bear that
(nenni ek eigi, at J)at se maelt, at).
nenning, f. activity, energy.
nenningar-lauss, a. slothful, lazy ;
-ley si, n. slothfulness, inactivity.
nes (gen. pi. nesja), n. ness, head-
land (n. mikit gekk 1 sas ut).
nes-lidfc5i, m. headland ; -konungr,
m. ' ness-king \ petty king ; -ndm, n.,
nema -nlm, to make a ^ ness-raid' \
-oddi, m. point of a ness.
nest, n. travelling provisions.
nes-tangi, m. the point of a ness.
nest-baggi, m. provision-bag, wal-
let-, -lauss, a. without provisions
NEST-LOK
[313]
NISTA
(nest) ; -lok, n. pi. ' the end oftJie pro-
visions ',only in the phrase, at-lokum,
at last, finally.
net (gen. pi. netja), n. net, fishing-
net (peir fara til netja).
netja (atS), v, to net, entangle.
netja, f. caul, omentum.
net-log, n. pi. ^ net-layings ', a place
where ?iets are spread ; -neemr, a.
that may be caught in a net ; -pinuU,
m. net-line, edge-rope of a net.
neyc5, f. distress, = nau6.
neySa (-dda, -ddr), v. to force, com-
pel (n. e-n til e-s).
neyta (-tta, -ttr), v.{\) to use, make
use of, with gen. (koma mun J)ar, at
ver munum Jjess n.) ; (2) to consume ;
n. matar, to eat; (3) with ace. ; margs
kyns vdpn, md j)au vel n. d skipi, they
may well be used in ships ; (4) with
preps., n. af e-u, to eat of it (n. af J)vi
opt) ; n. e-t upp, to consu?ne, waste
(^eir er alia peninga sina neyta upp
i ofdti ok ofdrykkju).
neyti, n. if se, profit =not (hafa basSi
JarSkost fjallanna ok J)6 n. af sjonum 1.
neyti, n. coinpany (n. hefir sa er ni-
tjdn menn fylgja).
neytingar-vatn, n. water for do-
mestic use.
neytr, 2i. good, fit for use (vdpn Jjau,
sem neyt eru) ; of persons, good, use-
ful (Kolbeinn fell ok margir adrir
neytir menn).
neyzla, f. (i) use ; (2) nourishment.
nezla, f. b2itton-loop.
neztr, a. superl. nethermost^ lowest,
uitdermost ; cf. ' neSri '.
nits, n. pi. the waning 7noon ; the time
before new moon ; Mdni styrir gongu
tungls ok r^6r nyjum ok nidum, and
rules its waxing and waning.
nitJa-myrkr, n. pitch-darkness ;
-myrkr var d, // was pitch-dark.
nit5ar, f. pl. = ni6.
nlc5-gj61d, n. pi. weregild.
nitSjungr (-s, -ar), m. descendant
(niSr ok n.) ; cf. * attniSjungr '.
nitS-myrkr, n. = ni6amyrkr.
aiSr (-S, pi. nitSjar, ace. niSi, gen.
niSja), m. son, kinsman, relative.
nitSr, adv. (i) down (hann fell dau6r
n.) ; setjast n., to sit down ; foera n.
kom, to sow corn ; (2) of direction
without motion, down, downward (n,
ok norSr liggr helvegr).
nicSra (acSj, v. (i) to put down, lower
(n. e-m or e-u) ; {2) to abase, humble.
nitSran, f. degradation, shajne.
nic5r-bjugr, a. bent downward \
-brot, n. destruction ; -brotari, m.
destroyer', -brotning, f. = -brot.
niSrbrots-ma(5r, m. destroyer.
nit5r-drattr, m. draggitig down ;
-fall, n. (i) dow7ifall', (2) dropping
of a case (handsala m^r -fall at sok-
inni) ; (3) loss (hann vii 6i s^r J)at mikit
-fall vera, er Jjd var sliks manns vid
mist) ; (4) decay, ruin.
nitSrfalls-sott, f. epilepsy.
nit5r-ganga, f., -gangr, m. descent.
nicSri, adv. (i) down, in a low posi-
tion ; undir J)iljum n., down in the
hull', vid sjo n., down at the sea;
down, under the surface of water
(konungr foerdi hann {jegar i kaf ok
helt honum n. lengi) ; below the hori-
zon (meSan lond eru n.); J)eir skoQuSu
hann uppi ok n., up a7td down, all
over ; (2; undir n., below, dow7i (undir
n. i dalnum) ; secretly (hann elskadi
a3ra konu undir n.).
nitSri-vist, f. re 7nai7iing under water.
nitSr-lag, n. (i) end, conclusion ; (2)
slaughtering for household use (var
{)ar betri einn sauQr til -lags en tveir
annars stadar) ; -leitr, a. down-look-
ing, downcast ; -lok, n. pi. end, con-
elusion ; -setja (see setja), v. to put
down, suppress ; -setning, f. burial ;
-stiga, f., -stigning, f. descent.
nitSrstignin gar-saga, f. the story of
the desce7it into hell.
nit5r-taka, f. pulling down ; -varp,
n. overthrow (me5 ogurligu -varpi) ;
-vicSr, a. wide beneath.
nifl-jWZj/jy^T^jOnlyincompds. ; -far-
inn, pp. gone towards the dark, dead',
-heimr, m. the dark ho77ie, the abode
of the dead ; -hel, f. the lower hell ;
-vegr, m. path of darkness.
nipt, {.female relative^ sister (poet.).
nist, n. brooch, pin.
nista (-sta, -str), v. (i) to pin, nail
fast, esp. to pin with a weapon (t>d var
hann skotinn gaflaki i ostinn ok nistr
NISTI
[314]
NOEBAN-VEDR
svd vi5 garSinn) ; (2) to pierce (with a
sword or spear).
nisti, n. brooch^ pin, «= nist.
nisting, i. fastening.
nl. adv. «(?, = nei (allir ni kvaSu).
niS, n. (i) contiwiely, derision (segja
e-m n.) ; (2) libel (yrkja, kveSa n. um
e-n) ; (3) insult by carving a person's
likeness (treni6) on an upraised post
or pole (niSstong).
nitSa (-dda, -ddr), v. (i) to libel,
lampoon ; (2) refl., ni6ast i. e-m, to
behave in a dastardly way to aperso7i
(at Noregsmenn hofSu ni6st d Olafi
konungi) ; n. d e-u, to act basely in a
thing (hvdrki skal ek d {)essu n. ok d
engu 66ru I)vi er mdr er til triiat) ; n.
d tru sinni, to apostatize.
nitJingr (-s, -ar), m. villain, scoun'
drel, vile wretch ; apostate.
niSing-skapr, m. villai7iy, baseness.
niSings-nafn, n. the name of a vil-
lain ; bera -nafn, to be called a ' ni3-
ingr ' ; -ort5, n. = -nafn ; -ratS, n. a
villainous plot ; -sok, f. a charge of
villainy, -verk, n. dastard'' s work,
villainy ; -yrig, n. foul murder.
nitS-reising, f . the raising of a pole
as an insult ; -samligr, a. mean, vil-
lainous ; -skdr, -skeBldinn, a. libel-
lous, of a poet; -stcng, f. pole of in-
sult ; -virki, n. villainy ; -visa, f.
lampoon, insulting verse.
ni-kvaB§a (-dda, -ddr), v. to deny.
ni-roetSr, a. (i) measuring ninety
(fathoms, ells) ; (2) ninety years old.
nita (atS, or -tta, -ttr), v. to deny,
refuse^ with dat.
niti-ligr, a. refusable, rejectable.
ni-tjdn, a. ni?teteen ; -tjdndi, a. nine-
teenth ; -togandi, a. ninetieth.
nitta (at5), v. = nita.
ni-tugr, a. ninety years old.
niu, a. nine (niu eru himnar).
niund, f. body of nine ; {)rennar ni-
undir meyja, thj-ee nines of maids.
niundi, a. nijith.
njartSar-vdttr, m. sponge.
njartS-ldss, m. a charmed lock.
njosn (pi. -ir), f. (i) spying, scouting,
looking out (senda mann a n., hafa
menn d njosnum) ; vera d n., to be on
the look-out ; (2) news (engi n. for fyrir
t)eim) ; gora e-m n.,to send one intelH"
gence.
ly osna (atS), v. to spy (vil ek n., hvers
ek ver6a viss) ; n. um e-t, to spy after,
seek to find otii (n. um athafnire-s).
njosnar-berg, n. a look-out hill;
-matSr, m. spy ; -skip, n., -skuta, f.
spying-sh'ip.
njota (nyt ; naut, nutnm ; notit),
v.{i) to have the use or benefit of to
enjoy (J)u skalt n. kvikfjdr pins ok verSa
f brottu frd Helgafelli) ; skal hann n.
draums sins, he shall have his dream
out; njot J)u he\\\ha.nd3., good luck go
with your hafids; (2) to derive benefit
from, profit by ; Egils nauztu at pvi,
foSur Y\ns,you had your father Egil
to thank for that; li'tt laetr J)u mik n.
frsendsemi frd pdr, you let me have
little profit of kinship with you; nauzt
l)u nu J)ess, at ek var eigi vi6 buinn,
it was your good fortune that I was
not ready for you; n. e-s vi6, to re-
ceive help at 07ie*s hands ; mun ek y6-
var verSa vid at n., / shall have need
of your help ; n. af e-u, to consume
(naut voru cerin, nutum af storum) ;
(3) impers., ekki nytr solar, there is no
sun ; naut at pvi mest bans forellris,
at, it was chiefly due to hisfo^-efathers
that ; J)ess naut mjok viS i |>rdndheimi
(it helped greatly), at menn dttu J)ar
mikil forn korn ; (4) recipr., njotast,
to enjoy each other (i»orveig seiddi til
{)ess, at t^au skyldi eigi n. mega).
NjortSr (gen. IsTjartSar, dat. NirSi),
m.Njord, oneoftheold Northern gods.
Njorva-sund, n. the Strait of Gib-
raltar (at Njorvasundum).
norSan, ?id\.frojn the north (koma,
fara, rida, sigla n.) ; vindr var a n.,
the wind blew from the north ; n. af
Hdlogalandi, from H. in the north ; n.
at, on the north side of (G. ok N.
st66u n. at dominum) ; fyrir n. (with
2iCc.),7torth of [{yx\r n. heiSina) ; fyrir
n. land, in the north (of Iceland).
nortSan-fjarcSar, adv. 7iorth of the
firth ; -lands, adv. i7i the tiorth ;
-matSr, m. a 7na7i fro77i the ?iorth ;
-stormr, m. a st07-77i fro77i the 7wrth ;
-veSr, n. wind from the north (peir
toku -ve3r svd hord, at J)d bar sudr i
NORDAN-VERDR
[315]
NYT
haf) ; -vertJr, a. northern (4 -verfium
himins enda) ; -vindr, m. north wind.
nor$ar-la, -liga, adv. far to the
north (su ey liggr -liga fyrir Noregi).
norSarr, adv. coxTi^^ir. farther north
(aldri kom hann n. en i EyjafjorS).
norSarri, a. compar. more northerly.
norSastr, a. superl. most northerly.
nortS-lendingar, m. pi. the 7nen of
the north quarter (of Iceland);
-lenzkr, 3.. from the north (of Iceland).
NorcS-matSr, m. Northman ; Nor-
wegian (Danir ok Nordmenn),
nor$r, n. the north ; d n., i n., til
norSrs, northwards ; or norSri, from
the north (dregr upp sky or norSri).
nor(5r, adv. towards (or to) the norths
northwards (hdlt R. konungr n. me6
landi) ; in the north (n. 1 f»rdndheimi).
nor^r-att,f.=-astt ; -dsrrr, f. pi. nor-
thern doors ; -fert5, f. journey to the
north ; -hallt, adv. in a northerly di-
rection ; -hdlfa, f. the north region,
esp. Etirope ; -land, n. (i) north-la7id,
esp. the north quarter of Iceland \ (2)
pi., -lond, the northern countries, esp.
Sca7idi7iavia ; -Ijos, n. pi. northern
lights ; -sjor, m. the northerfi ar77i of
the sea ; -stuka, f. the north transept
of a chu7'ch ; -sveitir, f. pi. the north-
ern districts ; -vegar, m. pi. northern
7-egion ; -BBtt, f. the no7'th.
nortS-rcenn, a. northerly, blowing
froDi north (pd var d -rcent, viz. ve6rj.
Noregr, m. A^^r7£/(2_y, = Norvegr.
Noregs-konungr, m. king of Nor-
way ; -matSr, m. Norwegian.
norn (pi. -ir), f. (i) one of the {three)
Fates (Ur5r, VerSandi, Skuld, who
dwelt at the well * UrSar-brunnr ' and
ruled the fate of the world) ; (2) one of
various fe77tale beings presiding over
human fortunes.
norr oen a, f . ( i ) M<? Norse {Norwegian )
tongue ; ( 2 ) breeze from the north.
norroena (a5),v./'^ render into Norse.
norroenn, a. Norse, Norwegian.
norrcsnu-bok, f. a book written in
Norse ; -skaldskapr, m. Norse poetry.
Worvegr, m. Norway, = ^Qxt%x.
nog, i nog, adv. enough.
nog-ligr, a., nogr, a. a7nple, abun-
dant ^gnogW^, gnogr.
non, n. the time about three o^clock
p.77i. (B. kvaS J)d vera naer noni dags).
non a, f. nones, the offi.ce for the ninth
^^;^r(gekk {jd konungr til nonu).
non-heilagr, a. holy from * non ' or
three o'clock ; Idta -heilagt, to keep the
day holy after three o'clock ; -helgr, f.
none-holiness ; -bringing, f. peal of
bells at nones ; -klokka, f. no7ies-bell\
-skeitS, n. the hour of 7iones ; -tiSir,
f. pi. the office at nones.
not (pi. noetr), f. pi. large net.
notera (a5),v. to note, 77iark.
noti, m. (i) 7nark, token \ (2) note
(in music).
noti, m. match, equal, ^mski, liki.
nott ( gen. nsBtr, pi. neetr), f. night,
= natt ; at mifiri n., of miSja n., about
7nidnight; um nottina, through the
nioht, during the night ; um nottina
dor, the preceding night \ i n., to-
night (eigi mun hann Idta drepa Egil
in.); the last night (ek ok 1 n. eptir
viQi) ; naetr sakir,y2?r one night ; basQi
um nastr ok daga, both by day and by
night', nottin helga, the holy night,
Christmas night.
numinn, pp. from 'nema', seized,
palsied (allr numinn 66rum megin).
nunna, f. mm ; nunnu-klaustr, n.,
-setr, n. nunnery ; -vigsla, f. ; taka
-vigslu, to take the veil.
nu, adv. now (var-at Jjat nu n6 i gaer) ;
in a narrative, 7iow, next (nu er J)ar til
mdls at taka).
nua (ny, nera, nuinn), v. = gnua.
nu-ligr, a. present (-ligir hlutir).
nuna, adv. now, just 7iow.
nykr (gen. -ra, pi. nykrar), m. {\) a
fabulous water-being (mostly appear-
ing in the shape of a grey horse) ; (2)
the hippopotamus.
nyrori, a. compar. 77iore northerly.
nyrztr, a. superl. most northerly.
nyt (pi. nytjar), f. (i) 77iilk (of sheep
and cows) ; (2) esp. pi., tise, advan-
tage ; hon leyfSi Vala broSur sinum
nytjar i Brekkulandi, use of the land',
hafa nytjar af e-u, h. nytjar e-s, to de^
rive benefit fr07n (engar nytjar munu
menn hafa HafliSa) ; koma nytjum i.
e-t, to bri77ginto use, 77iake profitable
(vikingar toku fe l)at allt, er t)eir
NYTJA
[316]
N^R
mdttu nytjum d koma) ; foera s^r e-t
i nyt, to make use of, avail oneself
of (foerir Sveinn konungr ser allt i
n. t)at, er til virSingar m^tti verda) ;
(3) pi. pleasure, eftjoytnent (Hrafn
kva6st engar nytjar hafa Helgu).
nytja (atS), v. to milk (n. sernar) ;
nytjast, to yield milk (fe nytjafiist ilia).
nytja-fuUr, a. //<r// of profit, highly
profitable ; -lauss, a. useless ; -matSr,
m. a useful, worthy 7nan.
nytjungr (-s, -ar), m. = nytjamaQr.
nyt-lauss, a. useless ; -16ttr, 3.. yield-
ing little milk ; -samligr, a. useful ;
-semd, f. use, usefulness.
nytsemdar-lauss, a. useless ; -ina?5r,
m.=nytjama6r (slikr -ma6r sem Olafr
konungr) ; -verk, n. tiseful work.
nyt-serai, f. usefulness, = nytsemd.
ny, n. the new or waxing tnoon (ny
ok ni6 skopu nyt regin).
n^-, newly, recently^ may be prefixed
to almost every pp. ; -alinn, -borinn,
new-born ; -andaSr, -ddinn, newly
dead; -farinn, having newly gone;
-fenginn, just recovered', -kominn,
just C07ne ; -orSinn, having just hap-
pened; hafdi hann -skilist vi6 Tiin-
bergs menn, he had newly parted frotn
them ; -vaknadr, newly wakened.
ny-breytiligr, a. unusual, strange ;
-breytinn, a. changeable; -breytni,
f. novelty, innovation ; -fenni, n. fresh
fallen snow ; -g0rviiig, f. novelty,
innovatiofi.
nyjiing, f. innovation (landsfolkit
var gjarnt d alia n.).
ny-liga, adv. newly, recently ; -ligr,
2L.{\)new, recent; {2) present; -lunda,
f. novelty, a new, strange thing {?,Qg]di
kunnu ver -lundu nokkura) ; -lysi, n.
light of the waxing moon (sigla um
nottina vi6 -lysi) ; -msBli, n. (i) news^
novelty ; (2) new law ; -nsBmi, n.
novelty,=-\unda.{l)a.t vard til -nasmis,
at) ; -nsBmligr, a. novel.
nyr (ace. nyjan), a. (i) new (n.
d,truna6r) ; af nyju, anew, again; naest
nyss, just recently ( J)at vann nsest nyss
ni6r Ylvinga) ; (2) fresh (nytt kjot,
nyir fiskar).
nyra ^1. nyru), n. kidney.
ny-rdoliga, adv. oddly, queerly.
jifaB.{-t€i,-t),\.topry,peer; nystak
nidr, I peered down; sv^nysiskfroSra
hverr fyrir, thus every wise man looks
about him (= nysir f. h, fyrir sik).
ny-snfi9vi, n. fresh snow (fell -snasvi
mikit, svd at ugorla sd veguna).
nyta (-tta, -ttr), v. {\) to make use
of; ek cetla, at I)u nytireigi boga minn,
thou canst ftot wield my bow ; absol.,
hann spurSi si6an, hvdrt J)d msetti svd
n., if that would do {be valid) ; n. af
e-u, to derive betiefit {pleasure) from
(sja md, at ekki nytir j)u her af ) ; eigi
munu J)it lengr n. hvdrt af o6ru, enjoy
each other; (2) to eat, consume (n.
svin) ; (3) fig., to bear, endure (hvdrgi
J)6ttist n. mega, at peir v^ri eigi d
samt) ; (4) refl., nytast, to be of use,
avail ; j^etta verk md eigi n., it will
not succeed, it is in vain.
nytandi, pr. p. fit to be used; n.
menn= nytir menn.
nyt-menni, n. = nytjamaSr.
nytr, a. fit, usable, useful (n. til
verks) ; engu (til einskis) n., good for
nothing ; at engu nytu, to no use ; of
persons, able (enn nytasti fardrengr).
ny-tungl, n. new 7noon; -virki, n.
marks of new work, of human hands,
nsefr (pi. -rar), f. bark of the birch.
nsBfra-baggi, m. pack, bundle of
birch-bark ; -matSr, m. a person clad
in birch-bark ; -stuka, f. sleeve of
birch-bark.
nsema (-da, -dr), v. to be7'eave, de-
prive of(n. e-n e-u, lifi, fjorvi).
nsemi, n. study, learning.
nsBm-leikr, m. quickness to learn.
nsBmr, a. (i) quick at learning; (2)
deprived of {— naemdr e-u).
naer, adv. and prep, with dat. (i)
near, in the vicinity {of); n. e3a fjarri,
near or far; n. staAdr, prese^tt ; brautu
n., near the road; n. J)vi sem, near
the place where (par i nesinu, n. pvi
sem J)ingit hafSi verit) ; Jjar n., in the
vicinity (sveinarnir hlaupa til skogar,
er {)ar var n.) ; (2) towards^ of time
(n. aptni, morni) ; (3) nearly ; n. dtta
tigir manna or n. dtta tigum manna,
nearly eighty men ; J)ar komu menn
af n. oUum londum, almost from all
countries ; n. viku munu vid dveljast.
N^RGI
[317]
NOKKURR
lue shall stay nearly a week ; C4) in
accordance with, in^ co^iformity to (n.
aetla ek pat logum Ira) ; (5) near the
truth (mdttu nii n. geta, hvar beina
okkarra er at leita) ; (6) compar.,
nearer =n^rr (ver eigi n. honum en
mal nemi) ; Jitter (vasri n. miklu, at) ;
(7) adv., when, = \i\Q. n. (n. skal mdr
Jjat ombuna? sag6i B.) ; B. spurSi, n.
peir mundu aptr koma, when they
wotcld be coining back.
naergi, adv., n. er, n. sem, whenso-
ever (n. er launat ver3r).
nser-gaetr, a. guessing near the
truth; -gongull, a. (l) vera -gonguU
e-m, to be 7iear about one's person ; (2 )
troublesome, importunate ; -hendis,
adv. ?iear at hatid.
naeri, adv. near, = nasrri.
naer-kominn, pp. entitled to ; -kona,
f. mid-wife ; -kvama, f. comingnear ;
-kvaBmr, a. (i) coming near to. close ;
(2) that conce?-ns a person (petta mal
er mer miklu nauSsynligra ok -kvasm-
ara) ; -kaem.r, a. accurate.
naBrr, adv. compar. nearer, answering
to 'n^er', near.
naerri, adv. 7iear, nearer, = naer.
naerri, a. compar. (answering to
superl. 'nasstr'), nearer; more efititled
to (pott paer se n. arfi).
naBr-spar, a. prophesying true;
-synn, a. short-sighted', -vera, f.
prese?ice ; -verandi, pr. p. present.
naB3t, adv. superl. (l) nearest, next;
n. Skotlandi, nearest to Scotland ; pvi
n., pessu n., par n., next to that,
thereafter, thereupon ; (2) last (er nu
uhcEgra en n. pd er ek beidda) ; (3)
nearest the truth (vil ek, at per reynit,
hverir munu n. set hafa).
naBsta, adv. (i) nearly, abnost (ur3u
gongumenn n. at gjalti) ; (2) rather,
very (n. gamall, gla6r^
nassta, f. the last time, only in dat.
with the art., naestunni.
nsBSta-broetSra, f. a female second
cousin ', -broet5ri, -brcetSrungr, m. a
male second cousin.
naBstr, a. superl. {\)next; Hrutr sat
hit nassta honum, sat next him ; tok
Hrafn logsogu n. Ulfljoti, next after
U. ; hinn naesta vetr, the next winter ;
(2) next preceding (hann hafSi sekr
orSit it naesta sumar) ; nassta sinni,
the last time ; (3) nearest in point of
right or title, best eiititied to (vdr
erum naestir sigrinum).
nsBstum, adv. next before, the last
time (sva skildum v^r n.).
nsBtr-, gen. from ' natt ', ' nott ' ;
-bol, n. = ndttbol ; -elding, f. dawn ;
-fertSir, f. pi. night wanderings',
-friSr, m. peace, truce during the
night; -gestr, m. night-guest; -gist-
ing, f. night-lodging ; -greitSi, m. ac-
commodation for the night ; -greitSing,
f. = -grei6i; -langt, adv. during one
night; -ligv^si. noctttrnal ; -skemtan,
f . night- enjoyment ; -vist, f. night-
quarters (pau ba6u ser par -vistar).
-naettr, a., in compds., as * einnaetr *.
noefr, a. clever, skilled.
noBg§, f. plenty, abundance.
noegja (-tSi, -t), v. to be enough,
sjiffice; impers., e-m ncegir, it is suf-
ficient for one; refl., noegjast, to suf-
fice (ncegSist honum eigi allr heimr).
noera (-Sa, -tSr), v. to nourish, re-
fresh ; refl., ncerast, to assume fresh
vigotir, recover, rally (noerdist hon
svd sem fra lei3).
noering, f. nourishment, food, sus-
tena?ice (likams noering).
nof (gen. nafar, pi. nafar and nafir),
f. (l) nave of a wheel; (2) the pole
of the world ; (3) esp. pi. clasps, rings
(by which the projecting ends of beams
at the corners of walls were held to-
gether).
nokkur, adv. somewhere, anywhere.
nokkurnig ( = nokkurn veg), nokk-
urninn (= nokkurn veginn), adv. in
some way.
nokkurr, indef. pron. (i) any, any-
body (fyrst vill hann spyrja, ef n. er
froSr mafir inni) ; after a negative {i.
0ngum bcE fannst n. maSr) ; (2) opp.
to ' engi ', so7ne (peir fengu nokkura
njosn af ferd Astri6ar); neut., nokkut,
so?nething, so7newhat, a7iything (ef
per pykkir n. veitt i lifgjof pinni) ;
hann spuiSi, ef par vasri n. manna, h
asked if there were any 77ien there \
nokkurs til pungr, sofnewhat {rather)
too heavy, svd nokkuru (nokkvi)
N5KKUT
[318]
OFAN
about \ svd nokkuru mun ySvar leita
farit lengi, about so long will they seek
you ; nokkuru fyrir dag, a while before
day-light ; (3) some^ a certain ; ma6r
n., a certaifi man ; um dag nokkurn,
a certain day ; nokkura hri3, nokkurt
(nakkvart) skei6, for some tifne ; (4)
the plur. added to a numeral, about,
some (nokkur sex skip e8a sjau ; nokk-
urum tveim sinnum e3a J)rim).
nokkut, adv. (i) somewhat, in some
degree, rather (Jjo at hann J)oetti n.
blandinn) ; henni var skapl)ungt n.
(nakkvat), she 7vas rather depressed
in spirit ; nu hefi ek n. hugsat mdlit,
now I have thought oi'er the matter
somewhat', (2) at all, to any extent
(vill Jju n. sonu {)ina vi6 l^ta vera ?}.
ndkkva-matSr, m. a man who rows
a * nokkvi '.
nokkverr, pron. = nokkurr.
nokkvi, m. boat, ship (hafSi |)d Hym-
ir lit skotit nokkvanum).
nokkvi, S07ne, old neut. dat. from
' nokkurr ' = nokkuru ; esp. somewhat
(n. lengra, n. siSarr).
n0ktr, n0kvit$r (ace. n0ktan, n0k-
pan), a. naked.
nos (gen. nasar, pi. nasar and
nasir), f. nostril, esp. pi. nostrils,
nose ; bregSa e-u fyrir nasar e-m, to
put it before one's nose ; draga nasir
at e-u, to sttuff, smell at a thing-,
stinga nosum ni6r, to fall upon one's
face, bite the dust ; luka nosum, to
shut the nostrils^ die.
oblata, f. sacratnental wafer.
odda-maSr, m. overman (who gives
the casting vote) ; umpire.
odd-hagr, a. skilled in wood-carv-
ing ; -bending, f . the first rhyming
syllable, when at the begimting of a
line ; -hvass, a. sharp-pointed.
oddi, m. (i) triangle, point of I a7id\
(2) oddniwiber; fig., standast (skerast)
i odda, to be at odds, at variance.
oddr (-8, -ar), m. (i) poi7tt of a
weapon ; me6 oddi ok eggju, with
point and edge, at the sword's poi7it,
by force (heimta, eySa e-t me6 oddi
ok eggju) ; brjota odd af oflaeti sinu,
to break the point of one's pride,
to humble oneself', (2) spear (folvir
oddar) ; (3) spur (J)6tt ver joi ora
oddum keyrum) ; (4) leader (hann var
o. ok cesir fyrir {jessum urdSum) ; (5)
the front (hann hafSi yxnum skipat i
odd d liSi sinu).
odd-viti, m. leader, chief (-viti liSs-
ins, fyrir lidinu).
of, prep, (i) with dat. and ace, over
= yfir (fara of fjoU ; sitja of borSi) ; of
time, = um ; of haust or of haustum,
in the autumn : of aptaninn, in the
evening', of hn6,for a while ; of allt,
always', (2) with ace. of, about (bera
vitni of e-t) ; (3) in a causal sense,
poet. ; of sanna sok, for a just cause,
justly.
of, an enclitic particle, chiefly placed
before verbs ; ek drykk of gat ens
dyra mjadar, I got a draught of the
precious mead.
of, n. (f) great quantity, number', of
fjdr, immensity of wealth ; of lids, a
vast host of 77ien : (2) excess ; vi6 of,
to excess ; J^otti hirSmonnum hansvid
of, they thought it was beyond mea-
sure ; (3) ■pride, conceit (kirkjan verSr
eigi svd mikil, at J)ar muni of J)itt allt
i liggja).
of, adv. (i) with adjectives and ad-
verbs, too ; of gamall, ungr, langr,
stuttr, too old, young, long, short ; of
mjok, too much; of lengi, too long',
(2) with the neuter of a past part.
over-much, too much ; hafa of drukkit,
to have drunk too 7nuch ; hafa of
gort, to have transgressed', hafa of
maslt, to have said too 77tuch ; hafa of
tekiS vi6 e-n, to have gone too far.
ofan, adv. (i) from above, down,
downwards ; falla o., to fall down ;
taka o. husin, to pull down the house;
(2) on the up>per7nost part, at the top
(klettrinn var vi5r o.) ; (3) above the
surface of, with gen. (o. jarSar) ; (4)
with preps., o. af, down fro7n (o. af
OFAN-FAIiL
[319J
OFRA
landi) ; o. i. or i. o., down upon (leggr
Refr d^hann o. aptr klc^edin, ok J)ar
/eggst Alfdis o. i. klasSin) ; besides (d
Jjetta o. allt gerSi hann su6r at oss
prettdn skutur) ; J)ola hverja skomm
d a6ra o., to bear one disgrace after
another \ o. d <?r d, o., to boot, into the
bargain, = par a o. ; o. eptir, down
along (reiS hann J)d. o. eptir dal) ; o.
frd, below (var verkr i enni hoegri kinn
o. frd auganu) ; o. fyrir, down over
(hann fell dauSr o. fyrir klettinn) ;
fyrir ofan, above (arfasata, er her
stendr fyrir o. husin) ; steinveggr var
fyrir o,, above, higher up.
ofan-fall, n. (i ) downfall ; (2) down-
p02ir of rain (var ve5rd,tta ill ok -foil) ;
-for, -ganga, f. descending^ desce?it',
-hogg, n. cutting down ; -reitS, f.
ridiJig downwards.
ofan-vertSr, a. (i) upper, uppermost,
opp. to * ne3anver6r * ; hann hjo i
-verSan skjoldinn, itt the upperfnost
part of the shield', d. -verSu fjallinu,
on the top of the motintain ; breiSr at
-ver5u, broad at the top ; (2) of time,
in the later part of a period, opp. to
* 6ndver6r * ; -verQa nott, towards the
end of the night, late i7i the night ; d
-verSum dogum Haralds, in the later
part of the reign of King Harold.
ofar-la, -liga, adv. (i) high up, in
the upper part (-liga i dalnum) ; J)eim
mun i brim bregma ok -liga klseja, they
will make a wry face and their pates
will tingle ; fig., bita e-m -la. to bite
one sharply ; ( 2) of time, towards the
end of a certain period ; -liga d dogum
Olafs konungs, in the later part of
the reig?i of King Olaf (= a ofan-
verSum dogum).
ofarr, adv. compar. (i) higher up
(annat augat mun o. en annat) ; fig.,
Idteigi o. komat)essaf61sku,/.?/;z^/'/'-^/j"
nonsense go farther; (2) later, inore
advanced in time', (3) o. meirr= ofarr ;
ofarst, adv. superl. highest, upperinost.
of-at, n . over-eating, gluttony ; -b eldi ,
n. violence, overbearing', -brsetSi, f.
passion, rashfiess; -dirft5, f. fool-
hardiness, iinpudence.
ofdirfSar-fullr, -samr, a. fool-
hardy, itnpudent.
of-dramb, n. arrogance, conceit,
ofdrambs-fullr, a. arrogant.
of-drykkja, f. indulgence in drink.
ofdrykkju-macSr, m. drunkard.
of-dul, f. too great conceit ; -diilinn,
a. self-conceited; -dyri, n. '' over-door\
lintel ; -fari, a. having gone too far ;
verda offari vi6 e-n, to transgress
against one ; -fors, n. presumption.
ofFr, n. offering (fornir eda offr ; ofifr
bins heilaga Olafs).
offra (atS), v. {\) to make an offering,
sacrifice (o. e-m e-t) ; (2) to make a
gift, to present; o. e-m e-u (hann
offraSi miklu fe til grafar drottins).
of-franisc9kni, f. excessive forward-
ness ; -freistni, f. over-temptation ;
-fylli, f. surfeit, glutto7iy; -gangr, m.
excess ; ganga ofgangi (-gongum) yfir
e-n, to tyrannize ; -gangsi, a. over-
prevailing; -gcBOakostr, m. great
advantage ; -harmr, m. excessive
grief; -'hSXX^TCi. excessive heat; -hlatr,
m. immoderate laughter; -jarl, m.
' over-earl *, over-match (verSa mer
sumir ofjarlar h^r i heraSinu) ; -kapp,
n. stubbornness ; -kdtr, a. overbearing,
wanton ; -kerski, f. excessive petu-
lance ; -kvEBni, n. domineering of a
wife ; -ksBti, f. wantonness ; -lati, m.
a vain, showy person ; -latligr, a.
showy ; -16ttliga, adv. promptly ;
-lettr, a. projyipt, easy, ready ; -leyf-
ingi, m. a person made too tnuch of;
-li$, n. = ofrliQ ; -Ijotr, a. hideous;
-laBti, n. arrogance ; -matSr, m. over-
match ; vera e-m ofmaQr, to be more
than a inatch for ; -magn, n. = ofli5 ;
bera e-n ofmagni, to overpower,
ofmetnatSar-fullr, 2,. full of pride;
-mac5r, m. overproudman ; -samligr,
a. arrogant (-samlig or6).
of-metnatSr, m. pride, arrogance;
-metnast (a^), v. to pride oneself;
-munut5, f. sensuality ; -msBlgi, f.
excessive loquacity ; -msBli, n. exag-
geration (er J)at ok ekki ofmasli, at)
ofn (-S, -ar), m. oven, furnace,
of-neyzla, f. intemperance,
ofn-gij6t, n. oven-stones ; -reykr,
m. smoke from an oven.
ofra (atS), \.{l) to brandish, wave in
the air, with dat. (o. vdpnum sinum) ;
OFRADAR-MADR
[320]
OK
(2) to raise, lift (o. likam bins helga
6lafs) ; I^egar er solu var of rat, as
soon as the sun had risen \ o. sdr, to
raise the head, appear (lidr pd eigi
langt d6r gomul uhlydni ofrar s6r) ;
(3) refl., ofrast, to become known (Gu6-
mundr vildi eigi J)at o. Idta) ; to pride
oneself (af e-u).
ofrat5ar-ma^r, m. a notable man ;
-rangr, a. exceedingly perverse ;
-synd, f. pride, presumption ; -vel,
exceedingly well ; -I)rekmaSr, m. an
exceeding strong {courageous) matt.
ofraSr (gen. -ar), m. notification,
disclosure ; bera e-t d ofra6, to make
knowti, divulge.
ofr-afl, n. = ofrefli, ofriki.
of ran, f. pride, self-assumption.
ofr-ast, f. passionate love.
of-raun, f. too great a trial, too
severe a test ; -rausn, f. presumption ;
-rd5, n. (i) too great a task (J)6tti
honum {jetta ofrdo vera) ; (2) too high
a match {^oxst^van kvaS ser J)at ofrdS).
ofr-dyrr, a. over-dear', -efli, n. (i)
overwhelming force (J)essi maSr bryzt
i m6ti miklu ofrefli) ; (2) Oddr kvaS
ser J)at eigi ofrefli, O. said it was not
beyond his strength ; (3) excess, im^
mensity (ofrefli frosts ok kulda).
ofreflis-matSr, m. powerful man.
of-refsan, f. too great severity in
punishing ; -rembingr, m. arrogatit
person ; -reyna (-da, -dr), v. to put
to too severe a test-, ofreyna sik, to
overstrain oneself
ofr-f6, n. iminensity of goods ; -Qoldi,
m. immense host ; -gangr, m. = of-
gangr; -garpr, m. overdaring man-,
-gjold, n. pi. dire retribution ; -harmr,
m. overwhelming sorrow ; -hefnd, f .
fearful vengeance ; -hiti, m. excessive
heat', -hugi, m. (i) a fearless, daring
7nan ; (2) = -hugr ; -hugr, m. daunt-
less courage.
of-riki, n. overbearing, tyranny.
ofrikis-matSr, m. overbearing tnan.
ofr-kapp, n. excessive zeal, stubborn-
ness (verja mdl me6 -kappi).
ofrkapps-fullr, a. overbearing ;
-matSr, m. overbearing man.
ofr-kuldi, m. excessive cold; -lengi,
adv. very long \ -lit$, n. overwhebning
force', bera e-n ofrliSi, to overpower*,
-liga, adv. exceedingly (ofrliga fagr) ;
-ligr, a. excessive ; -menni, n. mighty
champion ; -mikill, a. very great ;
-maslgi, f. great babbling or vaunt'
ing; -masli, n. = -yr3i ; -skjott, adv.
very soon : -verkr, m. violent ache or
pain ; -yrtSa (-^a, -Sr), v. to address
in big words ; -yrcSi, n. high words ;
-praut, f. hard trial', -J)ungi, m.
crushing weight', -olvi, a. having
over-dru?ik, the worse for drink.
ofsa (atS), V. to puff oneself up, be
arrogant (o. ser til vansa) ; refl., ofs-
ast, to grow unruly (Jupiter t)6tti
folkit ofsast).
ofsa-hartSr, a. extremely hard, severe
(-hord ve6r) ; -maSr, m. overbearing
man ; -mikill, a. excessively great.
ofsi, m. overbearing, tyra?tny.
of-sj6nir, f. pi., sjd ofsjonum yfir e-u,
to look down upon, despise (ser J)u nu
ofsjonum yfir flestum bustoSum),
ofskaps-matJr, m. proud 7nan.
of-skemtan, f. excessive pleasu7-e ;
-skvaldr, n. excess of talking ;
-skynja, a. indecl. looking dow?i upon
(vera e-m ofskynja) ; -sokn, f. per-
sedition.
ofstopa-matJr, m. overbearing man.
of-stopi, m. overbearing, arrogance',
-styri, n. unmanageable thing;
-stoeki, n. ferocity, vehemence', -stoeri,
n. haugJitiness, pride ; -scekja (see
soekja), v. to persecute', -scekjandi,
m. persecutor ; -sogn, f. exaggeration',
-sogur, f. pi. exaggeration ; eigi md
ofsogum segja frd vitsmunum J)inum,
your intelligence cannot be too highly
praised; -tekja, f. taking too tnuch to
oneself; -tign, f. too great honour ;
-vald, n. = -riki ; -veSr, n. = -viSri ;
-verkr, m. excessive pain ; -vitSri, n.
violent gale ; -vilnan, f . conceit, pre-
siwiption ; -virtSing, f. too great
honour; -vaBgiligr, -vsBgr, a. im-
mense, overwhelming; -vaeni, n.
anxious expectation ; -t)rd, f. immode-
rate lust ; -t)6gli, f. stubborn silence.
ok, conj. (1) and; b^eSi . . . ok, both
. . . a?id (b. er hann vitr ok fram-
gjarn) ; (2) in comparison, as, and;
sami ma6r ok d.6r, the sanie man as
OK
[321]
OHD-PARINN"
before ; nu f6r Svfum allt i. eina lei5
ok Donum, it went with the Swedes
in the same way as with the Danes ;
t)at er mjok sundrleitt (ulikt) ok krist-
nir menn gora, // differs much from
what Christians do ; (3) of an adver-
sative character, and yet, but (hann
var sj£rc3r morgum s^rum ok engum
storum) ; (4) introducing the apodosis,
then^y^i. ; esp. in the old laws ; ef sa
maSr (etc.) . . ., ok verSr hann utiagr,
then he shall Pay\ (5) used for the
relative particle 'er'; at hollu hann
kom ok dtti Ims fat5ir, which belonged
to Im' s father ; Geirro3r konungr atti
J)a son, ok het Agnarr, who was called
A.\ (6) also (hann heyrir ok pat, er
gras vex d j6r5u).
ok, n. yoke ; domination.
oka (aS), V. /^ bring under the yoke,
to subjugate.
okaor, pp. joined by a cross-piece.
oki, m. cross-piece (cf. *hur6ar-oki*).
okkarr, poss. pron. our, in dual ;
hvdrrgi o., neither of us two.
okr, n. usury ; -karl, m. usurer.
olea (atS), v. to anoint, admitiister
extreme unction to.
clean, f. extt-eme unction.
olifa, f., olifu-tre, n. olive-tree.
Oman, n. boss on a sword.
opa (a$), v. to retreat, go back (also,
opa undan, i. hasl). Cf. ' hopa '.
opin-bera (atSj, v. to manifest, re-
veal ; -berliga, adv. openly, in public,
-berligr, -berr, a. 7nanifest, public;
-eyg^r, -eygr, a. open-eyed; -mynntr,
a. open-mouthed.
opinn, a. (i) open (o. munnr, opin
hur6, opit lopt) ; koma e-m i opna
skjoldu, to take one in the rear; (2)
resupine, on the back, opp. to ' i. grufu'
(hann idt binda hann o. i. sM eina) ;
(3) open, undecided (E. segir eigi si3,
at mal stoeSi opin).
opin-spjallr, a. outspoken, free-
spoken (var S. 66l^tr ok -spjallr).
opna (a^), v. to open (hann let o.
hauginn) ; refl., opnast, to be opened.
opna, f. open i fig, crater.
opt, adv. of ten, frequently \ compar.,
optarr, of tetter ; superl., optast, oftenest,
most frequently.
opt-leiki, m. frequency ; -liga, adv.
often, frequently ; -ligr, 2l. frequent \
-samligr, 2i. frequent', -sinnis, adv.
many times.
or$, n. (i) word; ef maQr mselir
nokkuru orSi i mot, if a man speaks a
zuord against it ; segja 1 sinu orSi
hvdrt, to say one thing in o?ie breath
and another in the ?iext ; taka til or6a,
to begin to speak ; kveSa at orSi, to
say, utter ; hafa vi6 o., to hitit at ;
vel or6i farinn, well-spoken, eloquent ;
fornkveSit o., afi old saw ; (2) word,
reptile, report (poLt, illt o.) ; fyrir
or3s sakir, because of what people
might say ; leggja e-t til orfis, to talk
about ; Jjott okkr s6 pat til orSs lagit,
although we are blamed for it ; (3)
inessage (senda, gora e-m o.).
ortSa (a(5), v. to tulk of (var petta
bratt orSat, at O. fi'fldi Sigric^i).
orcSa-akast, n. altercation ; -drdttr,
m.(i) talki'ilh -drattr) ; (2) drawling;
-framburSr, m. utterance ; -fram-
kast, n. chance proposal ; -fullting,
n. speaking well for o?te ; -gloesur,
f. pi. showy words; -grein, {.phrase;
-hagr, a. skilled, expert in words ;
-bald, n. keeping one's word ; -heimt-
ingar, -hendingar, f. pi. ba?idying
words ; -bjaldr, m. verbiage ; -bnipp-
ingar, f. pi. altercations ; -lag, n.
fnanner of speaking, expression ;
-lauss, a. wordless ; iSta -laust, to be
silent ; -lei^ing, f. profiunciation ;
•lengd, f. length of a verse; -matSr,
m. eloque?tt man ; -samr, a. wordy,
long-winded; -semi, f. verbiage, lo'
quacity; -skak, n. scolding; -skil,
n. pi. distinction of words (ckki nam
-skil) ; -skipan, f. the order of words ;
-skipti, n. pi. exchange of words (eiga
-skipti vid e-n) ; -skrap, -skrum, n.
bragging; -snild.,{. elcqticnce ; -statSr,
m., gorQu Sviar pa kurr mikinn ok
maslii hverr i -sta6 annars, all spoke
at ojice {or in one way ?) ; -sveimr, m.
rumour; -tiltekja, f. titterance, lan-
guage; -tceki, n., -tcekja, f., -tok, n.
pi. 7?iode of expression.
ort5-b83ginn, a. taunting; -djarfr,
a. outspoken ; -fall, n., e-m verSr -fall,
one is struck dumb ; -farinn, a., vel
ord-fAb
[322]
ORKA
-farinn, eloquent \ -far, a. using few
words ; -ferli, n. expression^ utter-
ance ; -fimi, f. skill in words ; -fimr,
a. of easy.fiozuifig speech ; -fjoldi, m.
supply of words (heyja sdr -fjolda) ;
-flaug, {.floating rumour \ -fleyting,
f. rumour \ -fleyttr, pp. rumoured \
-fceri, n. or f. (i) style (of a com-
position) ; {inflow of words, eloquefice\
-fcerliga, adv. glibly ; -foerr, a. well-
spoken, eloquent \ -gifr, n. termagant]
-gnott, f. flow of words ; -gotSr, a.
speaking well of eve?y body \ -gaBtinn,
a. wary in one's words, reserved',
-hagr, a. skilled in the use of words ;
-hdkr, m. abusive persoft ; -hegi, f.
skill in words; -heill, f. (i) good
omen ; (2) report (eigi hafa l)au g63a
-heill); -hittinn, a./«^<?//<?«j; -hvass,
a. sharp-tongued ; -igr, a. wordy,
copious ; -illr, a. speaking evil of
others', -kringi, f. glibness of tongue ;
-krokar, m. pi. sophistry ; -lag, n. (i)
way of speaking, talk, la?iguage ; (2)
report (afla sdr gods -lags) ; -lauss,
a. wordless ; idta -laust, to be silent
about', -lof, n./r«/j-<?(vinsaeld ok -lof) ;
-margr, a. long-winded', -noefr, a.
witty ; -rammr, a. powerful in words ;
-romr, m. report, public opinion (si
-romr lagSist a) ; -roetSa, f. talk^ dis-
cussion ; bar saman -roeSu J)eirra jarls
ok Finnboga, the earl and F. had an
interview ; -rcetSa (-dda, -ddr), v. to
talk of', -sending, f. w.?j'j<7^<? ; -sjukr,
a. * word-sick ', touchy ; -skar, a. =
-hvass ; -skripi, -skrsepi, -skrok, n.
objectionable language.
ort5s-kvitSr, m. ( i ) pro7'erb, saw ;
(2) report (huggast vi6 g66an -kvi6).
ortS-slunginn, -slcBgr, a. cunning
in words ; -snild, -snilli, f. eloquence ;
-snjallr,a. «?/^^z^^«/; -spakr, a. wise-
spokefi ; -speki, f. wisdom in words ;
-stef, n. notice, mention ; hafa e-n f
-stefi, to speak of one ; -stiltr, a.
7noderate in one's words.
orcSs-tirr, m. fame, renown, good
report (falla vi3 goSan orSstfr).
ortS-storr, a. using big words ;
-svinnr, a. = -spakr ; -saell, a. en-
joying a good reputation ; -tak, n.
(i) phrase, expression (pat er -tak, at
sd er tyhraustr) ; (2) watchword (J)^
skulu ver hafa allir eitt -tak : fram,
fram Kristmenn) ; (3) speech, words,
way of speaking; t>d. fellust ollum
Asum -tok, words failed the?n, they
were struck dumb ; pat var eitt -tak
allra, all said the same ; Gunnarr heyr-
6i oil -tokin, G, heard every word they
said ; hafa -tak vi6 e-n, to have a
talk with one ; -toeki, n. = -tak ;
-vandr, a. se?isitive {particular) as to
others' words (parft J)u eigi svd, -vond
at vera).
orSvarps-matJr, m. spokesman.
orS-varr, a. watchful of one's tongue^
discreet ; -viss, a. witty, clever*
orf, n. scythe-handle, snath,
organ, n. organ.
organs-list, f. art of organ-playing',
-meistari, m. organist.
orka (atJ), v. (i) to be able to do;
onnur vann allt pat, er h6n orkaSi,
the other worked all that she could',
with dat., p6 hyggst hann einn munu
ollu o., yet he thinks he can do every-
thing himself', allt pat liQ, er vdpnum
mdtti o., all those who could wield
weapons ; (2) with gen. of the thing,
o. e-m e-s, to cause, e^ect ; m^r orkar
pat margra vandrasSa, it causes me
much trouble ; petta mun o. tiSenda,
this will give something to speak
about', allt orkar tvimaelis pdl er
gort er, there are two sides to every-
thing that is done ; impers., jafnan
orkar tvimaslis, p6 at hefnt s6 ; (3)
with preps., o. at e-u, to act, proceed
with, do ; peir roeSa nii um me6 s^r,
hversu at skal o., what is to be done', o.
i. e-t, to work on, have effect on (var pat
p6 lengi, at eigi orkaSi eldr i. ^orolf) ;
hann matti engu d o., he could do
nothing', o. 0:6a d e-n, to i?iake one
speak ; o. til e-s, to prepare (o. til
veizlu) ; (4) refl., orkast at e-u, to exert
oneself in a thifig; to set about doing
sometlmig (hversu hann skyldi at o.
at segja fo3ur sinum pessi tiSendi) ;
o. hugar a at gora e-t, to make up
one's mind to do a thi?tg; honum
potti seint i. o., he thought it went
slowly.
orka, f. (i) strength, power for work
ORKN
[323]
6dum
(orkan t)varr, \>vi at ellin sotti i. hendr
honum) ; (2) work.
orkn, n. a kind oi seal\ cf. * orkn'.
Orkn-eyjar, f. pi., the Orkneys.
orku-fatt, a. n. failing in strength
(honum var6 orkufdtt) ; -matSr, m.
labourer ; -vana, a. indecl. bereft or
destitute of strength.
or-lof, n. permission^ leave (ek vil
beiSast, herra ! at J)er gefit mer orlof
at fara til Islands) ; orlof til brott-
ferSar, leave to depart.
orlof a (atS), V. to allow.
orlof s-br6f, n. writ of permission ;
-laust, a. n. without leave.
orma-boeli, n. abode of snakes ;
-gar(5r, m. snake-pen.
orm-beSr, m. poet, snake's lair]
-beds G\^r,gold\ -gartSr, m. = orma-
garSr (G. Idt hann kasta i ormgarS).
ormr (-s, -ar), m. snake, serpent.
orms-bit, n. snake-bite ; -tunga, f.
snake's tongue, a nickname.
orna (at5), v. (i) to warm ; o. ser,
to warm oneself (Idt hann o. s^r ok
fari si6an til sels) ; impers., ornar e-m,
one gets warm ; {p.) to get warm (sv^
tekr brunnrinn at o.).
orri, m. heathcock,
orrosta, f. battle.
orrostu-laust, adv. without battle ;
-lok, n. pi. issue, end of a battle',
-rQa?5r, m. warrior-, -slog, n. pi.
battles ; -staSr, m. battle-place.
OSS-, poss. pron. our, = vdrr (at vilja
ossum, i hendr ossar, etc.).
ost-hleifr, m. a cheese ; -hlutr, m.
slice of cheese ; -kista, f. cheese-press,
ostr (-S, -ar), m. cheese,
ostra, f. oyster.
Ota (a5), V. to push, with dat. ; o.
ser fram, to thrust oneself forward
(f>6rir otar ser fram milli manna).
otr (gen. otrs, pi. otrar), m. otter.
otr-belgr, m. otter- skin ; -gj old, n.pl.,
poet, gold ; -hundr, m. otter-hound.
oxa-h6fut5, n. head of an ox,
oxi (pi. 0xn), m. ox = uxi.
6-, the negative prefix un-. See * li-'.
6, interi oh / (6 ! goSir menn !)
oast (ao), V. refl. to dread, fear, be
afraid (oumk ek aldrigi).
oSa-far, n. hurry (i -fari).
ocSal (pi. oSul), n. ancestral property,
patrimony , i?iheritance (in land) ;
family homestead', native place', flyja
66ul sin, to abandon one's home, go
into exile.
otSal-borinn, pp. (i) born possessor
of an ' 66al ' ; (2) entitled to (til e-s)
by birth ; -jortS, f. native country.
6t5als-borinn, pp. = oSalborinn ;
-j6rc5, f. = 66aljor6 ; -macSr, m. allo-
dial ozvner ; sannr -madr til Noregs,
rightful heir of Norway.
otSal-torfa, f. patrimony, heritage.
6(Sa-stormr, m. violent gale',
-straumr, m. violent current ; -vetSr,
n. = -stormr ; -verkr, m. violent pain.
otS-fLuga, a. indecl. with violent
speed ; -fusi, -fuss, a. madly eager.
6t5-indaela,f. embarrassment, trouble'.
-indaBll, a. unmanageable, difficult to
deal with.
OcSinn (dat. 6t$ni), m. Odin.
OtSins-dagr, m. Wednesday.
otSlast (atS), V. refl. to get possession
of, see *66last'.
6t5-latr, a. headstrong, impatient ;
-liga, a. vehemently, impatiently ;
-lundatSr, a. rash, headstrong ; -mal-
ugr, a. speaking violently, excited.
6t5r (60, 6tt), a. (i) mad, frantic, 6.
madr, madman', {?) furious, vehement,
eager (vd.ru J)eir synir Osvifrs ofiastir
a JDetta mal) ; e-m er ott, one is eager,
impatiejit (hann kallaSi s^r t)6 6tt um
ferSina) ; ott, as adv. vehemently (t>eir
reiddu ott sverSin ok hjuggu titt) ;
Flosi for at engu 66ara en hann vasri
heima, Flosi behaved as cahnly as if
he were at home.
otSr, m. (i) mind, feeling', (2) song,
poetry ; 66ar smidr, poet.
otSum, adv. rapidly, = ott ; see the
adj. '65r'.
CD-VIBKI
[324]
6R-SKURDR
6S-vi?$ri, n. violent gale, = ofviSri ;
-virki, a. frantic with pain (-virki af
beinverkjum).
6-freski, f. second sight.
6-freskr, a. endowed with second
sights able to see supernatural beings.
ofryn-liga, adv., -ligr,a., see ' ufryn-
liga, -ligr '.
6gn, f. (i) dread^ terror \ stendr 6.
af e-m,<7«<? inspires terror {potti honum
Htil 6. af \>e\m standa) ; (2) esp. pi.
*6gnir*, threats J menaces (me6 bli3-
moelum ok ognum) ; (3) gen. ognar-,
prefixed as adv. awfully (ognar-breidr,
-digr, -mikill).
ogna (atJ), v. (i) to threate?t, with
dat. (J)^r hafit oSrum ognat) ; with
double dat., 6. e-m e-u, to th?-eaten one
with a thing (eldrinn ognaSi braSum
bruna allri hans eign) ; (2) refl., ognast
e-t, to fear, stand aghast at a thing.
ognan, f. threatening, menaces.
6gnar-bot5, n. dreadful message;
-erendi, n.»=-bo6 ; -geisli, m. dread-
ful ray ; -hlutr, ri\. formidable thing',
-laust, adv. without terror', -ligr, a.
awfuly terrible ; -mal, n. pi., -ortJ,
n. pi. menacing words ; -raust, f .
dreadful voice,
6gn-hvatr, a. brave in danger.
ogur-leikr, m. awfulness ; -liga,
adv. awfully ; -ligr, a. awful, terrible.
61 (pi. -ar), strap, =dl.
6lafs-messa, -vaka, f. St. Olaf's
day (July 29 or Aug. 3).
olga, f. swell, swell ng (sasvar 6.).
olm-liga, adv. furiously^ savagely ;
-ligr, a. = 61mr.
olmr, a. savage, furious (6. hundr).
olpa, f. a kind of outer cloak.
olpu-matSr, m. a cloaked 77ian.
omun, f. sound, voice (heitir ok rodd
6.) ; 6. t>verr, my voice fails me.
op, n. (i) shout ^ shouting, crying
(J)d var6 op mikit at logbergi ok
lihljoQ); (2) weeping, crying {s\6 sidan
6pi d barnitK
or, prep, with dat. (l) out of, from ;
tekinn or j6r6u, taken out of the ea?-th ;
vakna or svefni, to wake out of sleep ;
island bygfiist 6r Noregi,/r<9w Nor-
way ; or Mow, frofn the Isle of Man ;
er J)d bar or h2i^,from the sea ; spyrja
6r kaupstefnu, to ask news from the
market ; hus or hiisi, from house to
house ; r^6ast or hernaSi, to leave off
freebooting; (2) denoting the substance
of which a thing is made, of, out of;
or Ymis holdi var jor6 um sk6pu6,
out of Y^s flesh the earth was made ;
hjolt or gulli, a golden hilt', (3) out
of, from among (J)essir fellu or li6i
Haralds) ; (4) denoting cause ; deyja
or sdrum, sott, to die of wounds, sick-
ness', (5) beyond; svd mikill snjor, at
J)at var or doemum, beyond example,
unexampled ; or hofi, beyond measure ;
{)urru mjok vinsasldir hans or ^v\ sem
voru, his popularity dwindled from
what it had been ; (6) or J)vi, after
(nu skal segja, hvat g0r5ist or Jjvi F.
var 1 burtu farinn) ; (7) absol., hann
skar or spjotit, he cut the spear clean
through.
ora (-(Sa), v. to rave^ wrangle (orir
gestr vi6 gest).
6ra-fer(5, f. mad undertaking;
-mac5r, m. madman ; -m al, n. madtcilk.
orar, f. or m. pi. {i) fits of madness,
crazifiess (hon bar eigi ora 1 augum) ;
hann g0r6i ser orar, he fe gned in-
sanity ; (2) wild fancies (orar t)cer, er
sjd madr ferr me6).
6r-bjarga, a. indecl. helpless, — qX'
bjarga ; -dauSr, 2i. extinct, quite dead;
-foeri, n. expedient, choice (hann sd
ekki -foeri sitt annat) ; -hof, n. = -6f ;
-kolaj a. indecl. = 0rkola ; -kosta, f.
means, supplies (deyja frd allri -kostu) ;
-kostr, m. means, resources ; -lausn,
f. (i) answer, reply, solution (engi
spyrr J)eirra hluta, er eigi kann hann
-lausn) ; -lausn allra spurninga, solu'
tion of all questions ; (2) release from
a diffictdty, help ; -lauss, 2i.free, dis-
engaged; -lof, n., see 'orlof ' ; -of, n.
= -hof, i7n?ne7ise qtcantity, countless
7tU7nber (-of lausafjar) ; -ofi vetra a3r
vasri jor3 skopu6, nu7uberless wi7iters
ere the earth was fashioned ; -rao,
-raetSi, n. expedient, help (hvert -raeSi
viltu veita mer?).
6rskurSar-ma(5r, m. U77ipire, ar-
bitrator (beir toku G. til -manns).
6r-skuror, m. (i) decision; veita
-skurS um e-t, to decide a question ;
6R-SLIT
[325]
PAL-STAFR
(2) opinion (vil ek heyra fleiri manna
-skurS um t)etta mdl) ; -slit, n. pi.
final decision (hann veitti engi -slit) ;
-vol, n. pi. refuse, what is lejt over.
osk, f. wisli ; ySr gengr allt at oskum,
everything succeeds to your wishes.
oaka-byrr, m. a fair wind to one^s
heart's content \ -sonr, m. adopted
son \ -vel, adv. jtist as one wishes,
exceedingly well.
oak-barn, -berni, n. adopted child ;
-mser, f. choseti maid\ -mogr, m. =
oskasonr, beloved son,
os-mynni, n. mouth of an estuary.
OSS (gen. 6sa, pi. osar), m. (i) mouth
or outlet of a river or lake (Danubius
fellr me6 sjau osum til sjofar) ; (2)
fountain-head (at osi skal d, stemma).
oat, f., ostr, m. throat y = \i6%\x (hann
var lostinn oru 1 6stinn).
osvift, a. n., see 'usvift*.
otta, f. the last part of the night.
otta-botS, n. feeling afraid, f^<^^i
anxiety ; -bragS, n. an air of heitig
afraid', -fenginn, -fullr, a. terrified',
-lauss, a. fearless (verit 0ruggir ok
-lausir) ; -laust, not to be feared, with'
out danger (var J)ar pd allt -laust) ;
-ligr, 2l. fearful, terrible', -mikill, a.
full of fear ; J)a gorQist -mikit me6
Boglum, the B. were much afraid',
-samligr, a. = -ligr ; -sleginn, pp.
terror-stricken.
ottast (aS), V. refl. to fear (6. e-n) ;
6. at ser, um sik, to be anxious {con-
cerned) about oneself.
otti, m. {i) fear, dread', svd var
J)eim ollum mikill 6. at honum, they
were all so much afraid of hini ; (2) a
cause of fear, dreadful thing {6. var at
s]i. i augu honum, ef hann var reidr).
ottu-aongr, m. matins.
6ttus6ngs-mdl,n. the time of matins',
-titSir, f. pi. prayers at matins.
padda, f. toad (froskar ok poddur).
paSreimr, m. the hippodrome in
Constantinople.
pakki, m. pack, bundle.
pakta-old, f. the cycle of ep acts,
palata, f. = polota.
palla-lofsongr, -salmi, m. ^ psalm
of degrees^', -songrf m. gradual.
pallr (-8, -ar), m. (i) step, = grd5a ;
(2) the raised floor along the sides of
the hall, = * lang-pallar' ; (3) a c?'oss
dais at the upper ejid of the hall,
= ' jDverpallr, hdpallr.'
palls-horn, n. the corner of the
raised floor.
pall-stokkr, m. beam at the edge
of the * pallr ' ; -atrd, n. pi. straw
spread on the ^ pallr '.
pantr (-a, -ar), m. pledge, pawn.
panzari, m. coat of mail.
papi, m. (l) Irish or Culdee monk
or hermit ; {2) pope.
par, n. {i) pair ', tvenn por skoe3a,
two pair of shoes ; (2) paring, scrap.
paradis, f. paradise.
parta (at^), v. to part, divide.
partera (at$), v. (i) = parta; (2) to
give apart of {-p. e-m e-tj.
parteran, f. division.
partr (-s, -ar), m. pa7't, share.
past, n. food, = dta ; in the phrase,
liggja d pasti, to be sucking the blood
out of the prey.
pati, m. rumour, ■= kvittr.
pausa (atS), v. to marry, = pusa.
pd or pdi, m. peacock, a nickname.
pafa-bann, n. papal ban ; -domr,
m., -doemi, n. papacy, papal see ;
-garSr, m. the papal residence ; -ligr,
2.. popish, papal; -atoll, m. the papal
chair ; -ssBti, n. = -domr.
pdfi, m. pope.
pd-fugl, m. peacock.
pall (-S, -ar), m. a kind cf hoe or
spade (pall ok reka).
palma-dagr, m. Palm Sunday,
pdlmari, m. palmer, pilgrim,
p^lmi, p&lmr, m. palm-tree,
palm-aunna, f., -sunnudagr, m.
Pabn Sunday ; -vitSr, m. palm-wood^
palm-tree.
pdl-stafr, m. a kind of heavy missiU,
pAska-aptann
[326]
PRlfeDIKARI
pdska-aptann, m. Easter-eve ;
-dagr, m. Easter-day \ -fritSr, m.
Easter-peace'^ -hald, n, the keeping
of Easter \ -helgi, f. Easter-tide.
paskar, m. pL, paskir, f. pi. Easter.
paska-vika, f . Easter-week ; -vist,
f. stay during Easter ; -old, f. the
Paschal Cycle.
peS-mdt, n. checkmate with a pawn.
pell, n. a kind of costly stuff.
pells-klaeSi, n. gar?nentj clothes of
* pell' ; -skikkja, f. cloak of^ pell'.
peningr, penningr (-s, -ar), m. (i)
apiece of property, article{h3.nn skipar
upp gozit, var par hverr p. valinn i) ;
(2) coin, money (enskir penningar) ;
(3) penny = ^ of an ' eyrir '.
penta (atS), v. to paint.
pentari, vn. painter.
persona, f. (i) person ; (2) parson.
pikka (aS), v. to pick, prick, stab
(pikkadi sinu sverdi i. si3unni).
pikkis-dagar, m. pi. Whitsuntide.
pikturr, m. painter.
piltr, piltungr (-s, -ar), m. boy^ lad.
pilz, Xi.fur coat.
pilzungr, m. short fur coat.
piparr, m. pepper.
pipra (at5), v. to pepper.
pistill (dat. pistli), m. epistle.
pik, f. piked staff, = broddstafr.
pika, f. girl, lass.
plla, f. arrozu, = or.
pila-grimr (-s, -ar), m. pilgrim.
pildrr (-s, -ar), m. pillar.
piment, n. a kind of spiced wine.
pina, f. {i)fine (undir pinu tolf aura
gjalds) ; (2) torment, torture.
pina (-da, -dr), v. (i) to punish ; (2)
to to7'7nent, torture (d krossi pindr).
pining, f. (i) torture ; (2) passion.
piningar-saga, f. history of one's
martyrdom ; -vattr, m. a inartyr ;
-vsBtti, n. rnartyrdom.
pinsl, f. torture, passio?t, — pisl.
pipa, f. (i) pipe, tube; drekka af
pipu, to drink througJi a quill ; (2)
pipe, as a musical instrument (t)ar voru
bumbur barSar ok pipur bldsnar).
pipari, m. piper.
pipna-hljomr, m. the sound of pipes.
pisl, f. = pinsl, pining,
pislar-dagr, v[i. passion-day, -foeri.
n. instrument of torture ; -mark, n.
the sign or symbol of the cross ; -saga,
f. = piningarsaga ; -statSr, m. place
of torment', -tre, n. ^ passion-tree\
the cross ; -vattr, m. martyr ; -vaatti,
n. martyrdom.
pjakka (a(5), v. to pick, prick (ef J)u
pjakkar brnddinum d hallinn).
plaga (aS), v. (i) to cultivate', (2)
to treat, entertaift (vel plagadir 1 mat
ok drykk) ; (3) to be used, wont.
plagg, n. luggage (hann bar vdpn
J)eirra ok onnur plogg).
plagga-margr, a. having tnuch lug-
gage (ekki er ek -margr).
planta (at5), v. to plant.
plata, f. plate, plate armour.
plaga, f. severe chastisonent.
plana (acS), v. to efface^ blot out,
plastr, m. plaster.
plaz, n. place, spot.
plokka (atS), v. (i) to pluck (t6k
Randv^r hauk sinn ok plokkadi af
fjaSrarnar) ; fig., p. e-t af e-m, to
pluck it out of one ; (2) to plunder.
plog-jarn, n. plough-iron, plough-
share ; -karl, m. pioughfjian.
plogr (-S, -ar), m. plough.
plogs-land, n. plough-land,
ploma, {.plum.
plcBgja (-oa, -$r), v. to plough.
poki, m. poke, bag, sack.
pollr (-S, -ar), m. pool, pond.
polota, f. the ei?iperor's palace in
Constantinople.
polotu-svarf, n. ^palace-scouring^
(in order to pick up valuables).
port, n. gate; -hus, n. brothel;
-kona, f. harlot ; -lifi, n. prostitution.
posi, m. little bag, = -^Q\i\.
postola-domr, m. apostle ship ;
-kirk j a, f. an apostle's church ;
-messa, f. 77iass of an apostle.
postoli, m. apostle.
postoligr, a. apostolic.
pottr (-S, -ar), m. pot.
pramr, m. a flat-botto77ied boat.
pr6dika (atS), v. to preach.
predikan, f. preaching.
pr6dikara-klaustr, n., -lifna(5r, m.
Do77iinican co7ive7it, order.
pr6dikari, m. (i) preacher', (2)
Dominican friar.
PRESENTA
[327j
PYTTR
presenta (atS), v. to present (gersi-
mar at presenta konunginum).
presenta, f. present.
presta-domr, m. ecclesiastical court \
-fdtt, a. n. scarcity of priests ; -spital,
n., -spitali, m. injirinary for priests ;
-stefha, f. conference of priests.
prest-bort5, n. a priest's board or
j?iaintenance ; -kaup, n. a pries fs
salary ; -kona, f. a priest'' s wife ;
-lingr, m. theological student pre-
paring for orders ; -maSr, m. clergy-
man^ priest.
prestr {-s, -ar), m. priest.
prest-setr, n. priesfs residence ;
-skapr, m. priesthood.
prests-st6tt, f. the priestly order,
priesthood ; -tiund, f. priest's tithe ;
-vigsla, f. ordination of a priest.
prest-vist, f. maintenance of a
priest (ek lagSafe til -vistar).
pretta (a$), v. to cheat, deceive (ekki
skal ek p. y6r f J)essu kaupi).
pretta-fullr, a. deceitful, tricky,
-lausa, a. guileless, without deceit.
prettottr, a. = prettafuUr.
prettr (-s, -ar), m. trick, deceit,
fraud (me6 fl^iS ok prettum).
prett-visi, f. deceitfulness, crafti-
ness ; -visligr, a., -viss, a. deceitful,
crafty, wily (^gjarn ok -viss).
prim-signa (-da, -dr), v. to ^prime-
sign ' (a religious act, preliminary to
christening) ; -signan, -signing, f.
^ pri7na signatio', marking with the
sign of the cross.
prim, n. (i) new moon ; (2) = primi.
prima-mdl, n. the time of prime.
primi, m. prime, six d* clock a. m.
prisa (at5), v. to praise.
prisa (atS), v. to press, torture.
priss, m. state, pomp (J)eir sigldu J)d
meQ pris miklum).
prisund, {.prison (setja i p.).
prof, n. (i) proof, evidence ; (2) or-
deal, trial UA a fact).
profa (ao), v. (i) to try (p. md ek
petta) ; (2) to examine (p. sok, mal) ;
(3) lo find out ; ef ek profa petta
sannindi, if I find this to be true ; (4)
to prove {by evidence).
profan, f. trial, inquiry.
profast-doemi, n. district of a pro-
vost, provostship.
profastr (-s, -ar), m. provost.
provenda, -venta, f. (i) prebend
(for the maintenance of a church or
charitable institution) ; (2) surrender
of real property for tnaintenance.
priiS-leikr, m. show, ornament \
-liga, adv. (i) in a stately manner,
mag?iijicently ', (2) manftilly\ -ligr,
a. magnificent (-lig veizla).
prii^r, a. stately, magnificent^ fine.
prySa (-dda, -ddr), v. to adorUy
ornament, make beautiful.
prytSi, f. (l) ornament, pomp', (2)
gallantry, bravery (falla me6 p. ok
orSstir) ; -liga, adv. finely, nobly,
bravely (Erlingr varSist -liga) ; -ligr,
a. magnificent (-lig veizla).
pund, n. (i) pound (= 24 * marks*
or 12 lbs.) ; {1) pound— two * marks',
pundari, m. steelyard.
pungr, m. small bag, pouch, purse.
punkta, punktera (a(5), v. to dot.
punktr, m. (i) point', (2) nick of
time (i J)ann punkt) ; (3) point, case.
purpura-gull, n. r^^^^/^/; -litr, m.
purple colour.
purpuri, m. purple', also costly
j//^(purpura-h6kull hvitr).
purpur-ligr, a. purple (-ligr hringr).
putt, inter] . pish, pshaw.
puki, m. devil, fiend.
pusa (atS), V. (i) to espouse, marry,
(2) to give in marriage to (p. e-a e-m).
puss, m. small bag, = pungr.
pustr (gen. -rs, pi. -rar), m. box on
the ear (konungr slo hana p.).
puta, f. harlot, = portkona.
piitna-hus, n. brothel.
putu-barn, n., -sonr, m. whoreson.
pynda (-nda, -ndr), v. to cojnpel by
brute force (p. e-n til e-s).
pyTiding (pi. -ar), f. extortiony
tyranny (pyndingar ok kugan).
pyttr, m. pit, pool^ cesspool.
RABBA
[328]
RANQ-TURNA
R
rabba (at$), v. to babble^ prate.
raddaor, pp. having a voice of a
certain tofie (vel, ilia r.).
rad.dar-grein,f.<3:;-//^7^/rt://<?;z ; -stafr,
m. vowel ; -tol, n. o?'gan of speech.
radd-liS, n. band of singers ; -maSr,
m. a man with {great) vocal powers.
raf, n. amber ; -band, n. necklace of
amber beads.
rafr (pi. -ir), m. the amber'like fat
and fins of a halibut.
raggatSar-klaecSi, n. pi. shaggy
clothes. Cf. * logg '.
rag-mennska, f. cowardice ; -maeli,
n. ignominious calumny^ charging one
with ragmennska.
ragna (a$), v. to imprecate, invoke
upon one (r. e-t at e-m).
ragna-, gen. from *regin'; -rok,
n. pi. the doom or destruction of the
gods ; the last day, the efid of the
world ; -r0kkr, n. the twilight of the
^ods, worlds end.
ragr, a. ( i ) craveii^ cowardly (bi5 J3u
{)^, ef J)u ert eigi r.) ; (2) emasculate,
£ffeminate\-=2ixgx (J)egi J)u, rogvaettr).
rag-skapr, m. (i) dastardliness,
cowardice ; (2) vile effeminacy.
rak, n. wick of a ca?idle.
rak, n. ; pi. rok, rakings of hay.
raka (atS), v. (i) to sweep away (G.
rakaSi myinu brott me6 hendi sinni) ;
(2) to rake (r. hey, Ijd, toSu) ; r. upp
hey, to rake it up into cocks (tok hon
eigi at r. upp, pott I)at veeri maslt) ; r.
saman f^, to rake money together ; (3)
to shave (r. sik, r. skegg sitt).
rak-hlaup, n. a straight run.
rakka-hjortr, m.poet. ^parrel-hart^
ship ; -vi^y n. dogfight.
rakki, m. (i) dog\ (2) n2i\iX., parrel.
rakk-lAtr, a. bold^ brave ; -Iseti, n.
boldness, courage.
rakkr, a. erect (Jjii heldr nokkuru
rakkara halanum en fyrir stundu).
rak-leiS, f. a straight course (fara
-laid nordr til Bjorgynjar) ; -leitt, a. n.
straight, direct (l)eir sigldu -leitt norSr
til bcEJarins).
rakna (at5), v. (l) to be unwound,
unwind itself (])r^5rinn raknaSi af
horhnoSa); lata r. hendr sinar af e-u,
to loosen 07ie's grasp of; {1) to be pa'd
back, restored, discharged (end a verSa
at r. leigurnar allar fy'rst) ; !dta e-t r.,
to give it up ; (3) r. vi5, to 7'ecover
one's senses, come to oneself (^orsi&\nn
raknaSi skjott viQ).
ramm-aukinn, pp. vety powerful
(as a wizard) ; -bygSr, pp. strong-
built ; -byggiliga, adv. strongly ;
-gorr, a. strong-built, very strong',
-hugatJr, a. strong of mi?id', -liga,
adv. strongly (binda -liga) ; -ligr, a.
strong (-ligr ski3gar6r).
rammr, a. (ij strong, of bodily
strength (r. at afli) ; vi6 ramman er
reip at draga, // is pulling a rope
against a strong man ; (2) mighty,
powerful (rammar vasttir) ; (3) bitter,
biting, opp. to ' soetr '.
ramm-skipaSr, pp. strongly manned.
rang-dcema (-da, -dr), v. to judge
unjustly ; -doemi, n. unjust sentence ;
-eygr, a. squint-eyed ; -fenginn, pp.
got by iniquity, wrongly got.
rangindi, n. pi. uiifair dealings,
i7ijustice (g0ra, f ola, rangindi) ; me6
rangindum, wrongfully.
rang-ldtr, a. tinrighteous^ unjust ;
-liga, adv. wro?igly ; -ligr, a. wron^,
unjust \ -lasti, n. injustice, unright-
eousness (illgirni ok ranglseti).
rangl8Btis-mat$r, m. mirighteous
man ; -verk, n. unjust deed.
rangr, a. (i) wry, crooked, opp. to
* rettr' ; (2) wrong (telja I)at rangt, er
re^tt er, en {)at rett er rangt er) ; neut.
* rangt *, as adv. wrongly, in a wrong
way (stefna rangt) ; at rongu, me3
rongu, wrongfully,
rang-sdttr, a. disagreeing, at vari-
ance ; -settr, pp. misplaced ', -snua
(see snua), v. (i) to distort, pervert ;
(2) to 7nisrepresent ', -syni, f. wrong
view ; -synn, a. erring in judgment ;
-soelis, adv. against the sun, — and-
scelis (nii gengr f>. -soelis um boeinn) ;
-sceri, n. false oath, perjury ; -truaSr,
a. heretic ; -turna (a(5), v. = -snua ;
KAK-G-VIHBA
[329]
RAXJN
-virKa (-rSa, -rt$r), v. to misjudge ;
-vir(5;ng, f. wrong judg7nent.
rani, m. (i) snoni (of a ho.f^, snake) ;
(2) the point of a 'svinfylking'.
rann, n. Ia7ge house (margt er l)at i
karls husi, er eigi er i kcmungs ranni).
rann-sak, n. ransacking.
rann-saka (ac5), v. to raiisack^ search
(-saka bee, herbergi, hirzlur) ; -saka
liSit, to 7nuster the troops ; -sakan,
-sokn, f. ransacking (for stoJen goods).
rapta-bulungr, \x\. pile of rafters.
raptr (-s, -ar), v. (i) log^^oiix {)reif
einn rapt or eldinum) ; (2) esp. pi. the
rafters of a roof,
ras, n. i7npetuosity, hu7'ry (J)egar
eigi er of mikit ras i. t)er).
rasa (at5), v. (i) /^ rush on headlong
(silks er m^r vdn, J)u fort rasandi
mjok) ; r. fyrir rd5 fram, to blunder
grievously ; (2) to stu77ible (hestr ras-
a5i undir honum).
raska (atS), v. (l) to disturb , dis-
arrange (J)6tti henni heldr raskat um
hybyli sin) ; (2) to violate, encroach
upon (hann hegndi hart allt l)at er
gu5s retti var raskat).
raskottr, a. rough (of weather). •'
ras3, m. posteriors, = ars ; -gorn, f.
the great gut ; -ragr, a. sodortiiiic,
rata (ao), v. (i) to travel^ roa77i ; r.
vifia, to t7-avel far (vits er {)orf, J)eim
er vida ratar) ; fig., r. i e-t, to fall into
(misfortune) ; ek hefi ratat 1 vandrasSi
mikit, Ihavefalle7i into a great strait;
(2) to meet with, fi7id, with ace. (laxa
skulu ver veiSa, ef ver rotum eigi
sauSina) ; to find the way (ok ratar
hann harfila stora fjallvegu) ; (3) to
collapse, fall down (grjotbjorg gnata,
en gifr rata).
rauSa, {.yolk of an egg.
rautSa-blastr, m. S7nelting of red
iron ore (rau5i).
rautSa-galinn, pp. stark-mad ; -vik-
ingr, xTi. great pirate.
rauc5-alfr, m. red elf', -bleikr, a.
reddish - yellow ', -brunatJr, pp.,
-brunn, a. reddish-brown ; -dropottr,
a. red-spotted, speckled with red ;
-dyri, n. red deer', -eygtSr, -eygr, a.
red-eyed', -feldr, m. red cloak, a nick-
name ; -flekkottr, 2,. flecked {spotted)
with red; -freknottr, a. red-freckled\
-gulr, a. reddish-yellow ; -h^rr, a.,
-hserSr, a. red-haired.
raut5i, m. bog iron ore ; blasa rau5a,
to smelt ir07i ore.
rau(5kapu-matSr, m. the man in the
red cloak (^eir heilsu5u -manni).
raut5-kembingr, m. a fabulous
whale ; -kinni, -kinnr, m. a kind of
bear', -klseddr, pp. cladi7i red', -leitr,
ruddy (of the face) ; -lita (a^), v. to
dye red', -litr, a. reddish.
raucSr, a. red', jarl setti J)d rauSan
(=vard r.) sem bl63, the earl turned
red as blood ; snyta raiiSu, to bleed
at the7iose ; r. vikingr=rau3avikingr.
rau5-skeggjat5r, a. red-bearded.
rauf (pi. -ar), f. hole, rent ; Flosi
hugdi at handklaeSinu, ok var t)at
raufar einar, // was all in rags.
raufa (atS), y.{\) to break up, open
(r. til bagga) ; r. seySi, to break up the
{cooking) fire ; r. brjost e-m, to cut
the breast open ; (2) to pierce, make
holes in (skeytum raufadr).
raufa (atS), v. to rob, plunder (Vindr
logdust d valinn ok raufuSu).
raufari, m. robber.
raufar-steinn, m. a stone with a
hole in it (r. var bundinn vi6 hdlsinn).
raufottr, a. riddled with holes.
raukn, n. pi. beasts of burthen ;
steeds (r. bitluS).
raumr, m. big and ugly person.
raumska (at5), v. to begin to wake.
raun, f. (i) trial, test (S. konungr
sagSi, at hann vildi at visu, at mdlit
foeri til raunar) ; (2) trial, grief {ti {)u
vissir, hve mikla r. ek hefi af J)essu) ;
(3) trial of couragey strait, danger (ef
ver komum i nokkura r., sjdum {)d, ef
ek stend at baki o3rum) ; (4) experi-
ence ; at minni r., to my experience ;
r. verSr i. e-u, it is proved by experi-
ence (hann var hinn mesti fullhugi,
sem opt hofdu raunir i. orSit) ; r. berr
vitni, // turns otit, proves (ei bar r.
svd vitni, at hann hef 6i undan skotizt) ;
berr r. d = r. berr vitni (sagdi J)eim svi
hugr um, sem siSarr bar r. i.) ; koma
(komast) at raunum um, to ascertain,
7nake su7'e of, get to k7iow (nu em ek at
raunum komin um J)at, er mik hefir
BAUNAR-IiAUST
[330]
rAda
lengi grunat) ; (5)/^^<?/"(l>u mant sjdlfr
gefa per r., hverr \>u ert) ; (6) reality ;
gen. * raunar ' as adv. really^ indeed
(B. vildi g0ra ssett vi3 Kniit konung,
en l)ar bjuggu raunar svik undir).
raiinar-laust, adv. without proof or
trial', -stefna, f. a summons to try a
point of law ; -stund, f., -timi, m.
time of trial.
raun-digr, a. very thick \ -drjugr,
a. solid \ -illr, a. very bad\ -litt, adv.
very little indeed, very poorly ; -mjok,
adv. very much ; -tregr, a. very tin-
willing', -vel, adv. very well indeed ;
-csfr, a. very vehement'^ -0ruggr, a.
quite steadfast or reliable.
raup, n. boasting, vaunting.
raus, n. much talk, verbiage.
rausa (ac5), v. to talk loud and fast.
rausn, f. magnificence^ splendour,
great state (konungr haf6i mikla r.
um jolin).
rausn, f. forecastle (aptr frd stafni-
num ok til austrrums var kallat d r.).
rausnar-bu, n. great estate ; -kona,
f. uiagnifcent lady ; -liga, adv. mag-
nificently ; -matSr, m. magnificent
man ; -rdtS, n. great fneans ; -sam-
liga, adv. grandly, 7?tagnificently '^
-samligr, a. grandy magnificent ;
-verk, vi. great deed.
rausn-samr, a. magnificent.
raust (pi, -ir), f. voice (fagrar raustir
syngjandi manna) ; kveda vi5 r., to
7'ecite or sing loudly.
rauta (ac5), v. to roar.
rd (gen. rdr, pi. rdr), f. sail-yard,
rd, f. roe (cf. * rdbukkr '),
rd, f. (i) corner, nook (rd er hyrning
huss) ; (2) berth in a ship (skammar
'ro skips rdr).
ra-bukkr, m. roe-buck.
raS, n. (i) counsel^ advice, H. ba6
hann r. i. leggja, H. asked his advice ;
leggja e-t til rd6s meS e-m, to advise
one ; bera r. sin saman, to consult to-
gether ; hafa r. e-s, to follow one's
advice (J)d. vaeri hann vitr, ef hann
hefSi ydur xi.h) ; fara fram r^Qum e-s,
to act upon one^s advice (skaltu minum
rddum fram fara) ; eiga r. viS e-n, to
take counsel with one (dtti jarl t)d r.
vi6 menn sina) ; g0ra r. fyrir e-u, to
expect, look out for a thing', leita rdSa
vi6 e-n, to seek counsel froin one (leitar
jarl raQa vi6 lenda menn) ; gefa rib
til, to give one a counsel (hann gaf pat
rdd til, at) ; (2) expedient, means (hitta,
kunna r. til e-s) ; sjd mun ek r. til
pass, / can see help for that ; (3) r<?-
solved action, plan ; g0ra r. sitt, to
fortn a plan ; g0ra e-t at rA6i, to re-
solve (var petta at rdSi gort) ; taka til
rdSs, til rdSa, to adopt a plan (hvat
skulu vit nu til rdSa taka) ; (4) wise
counsel, what is advisable ; lUugi kvad
pat ekki r., /. said it was not advis-
able', vera til ra6s, til rdSa, to be
advisable ; hvat er nu til rd6a, what
is now to be done ? verSa at rdSi, to
succeed, to turn out well (var6 allt
at rdfii, pat er hann x€h monnum) ;
(5) consent, will, wish, agreement
(var sii gjof gor me6 rdSi konungs) ; at
rd,6i frasnda hennar, with the consent
of her kinsme?t ; (6) authority, com-
mand (voru 611 r. af honum tekin) ;
bera e-n rddum, to overrule one ; koma
rdfii vi8 e-n, to be able to control (ek
kem trautt rdfii vi3 hann) ; (7) state
of life, condition, lot (vilda ek broSir,
at pu boettir r. pitt ok bcedir pdr
konu) ; heim skaltu fara ok una vel
vid r. pitt, and be content with thy lot ;
breyttu pau fadir hans ok modir rd6i
sinu ok foru utan, they broke up their
household and left Iceland ; (8) 77iar-
riage, match (unn frasnda pmum goSs
xiSs) ; ek re6 rd6i hennar fyrri, /
chose a husband for her before ; (9)
councillor (annat vart hit cezta rdfl) ;
(10) ^6'z^;^^//(konungrinn ok hans ri6).
rdtSa (ra9t5 ; r6$, r^cSum ; rdSinn),
v. (i) to advise, counsel, r. e-m e-t
(r^fiu vinir hans honum pat, at hann
berdist eigi vid pik) ; r. e-m rd6, to
give one counsel ; {p) to consult about,
discuss, with dat. (r. landradum) ; r.
rddum sinum, to hold a conference ;
(3) to devise, plan ; peir ra6a atfor
vid Gunnar, they plan an onslaught
on G. ; red hon peim bana, she plotted
that jnan's death ; (4) to plot or cause
one's death, = r. e-m bana (pser setl-
u3u, at konungr mundi hafa rdSit
hann) ; Reginn mik rd3, R. betrayed
rAda
[331]
rAda
me*j (5) to agree on ; r^6u Jieir l)at
J)d med sdr, they settled this among
themselves ; (6) to fix ^ decide, resolve ^
with ace. ; ek hefi i.bx rdSit bruSlaup
mitt, / have fixed my wedding day ;
redu J)eir J)d l)at at fara ofan til Rangdr,
then they resolved to ride down to
Rang-river ; r. e-t til staQar, to settle^
fix definitively, = sta6r3i6a. e-t (vil ek
finna konung d6r en ek rdSa J)etta til
staQar) ; (7) to hire, take into service
(r. skipverja, r. ser hjon) ; bondi sagdi
husfreyju, at hann hafdi Hrapp radit
med ser, that he had taken H. into
his company ; (8) to rule^ govern,
with dat. (r. landi, riki ; Einarr jarl
r€6 pa Orkneyjum) ; (9) to rule, cotn-
mand, have one's way, prevail, decide,
settle (skal hon sjdlf r. hvdrt hon vill
hann e6a eigi) ; skal r. afl me6 Jjeim,
the 7najority shall decide ; Olafr bad
moSur sina eina r., to settle the matter
alone ; landfall rseSr fyrir sunnan,
makes the boundary towards the
south ; with dat., hvdrt rceSr J)u J)vi,
er, is ityotir doing that . . ? ; r. engu,
to have no authority, be of no avail
(orQheill J)in skal engu r.) ; r. landa-
merkjum, to make the boundary (Hafs-
loekr r€h I)ar landamerkjum) ; r. biii
sinu, to cofiduct, manage one's estate ;
hann re6 ser sjdlfr, he was indepen-
dent ; ertu nokkurs rddandi her, have
you any authority here? {10) to have,
possess, be master of, e?ijoy ; r. fe ok
fjorvi, to eftjoy wealth and life ', (11)
to explain, read; r. g^tu, to read a
riddle ; r. draum, to interpret a drea7n ;
r. e-t at likindum, to judge from prob-
abilities (engar munu friSari en J)inar
doetr, ef at likindum skal r.) ; (12) to
read and understand (r. runar, stafi,
rit) ; \€b ek {laer runar, er reist J)in
systir, J have read the runes thy sister
engraved; (13) to punish, chastise,
with dat. (fostri hans var harSr vi5
hann ok red honum mjok) ; (14) /^
undertake ; rdSa st6rt, to aim high,
unde7-take great things ; (15) peri-
phrastically with an infin., to do ; rd6-
umk ganga, we (/) do go ; hon red
vakna (= hon vaknadi), she awoke;
l)au log, er hann red upp at segja, the
laws which he pronounced \ (16) with
preps., r. e-t af, to resolve, make up
one's mind (red hann J)at af at sigla
sudr til Danmerkr) ; to discontinue,
put a stop to (ek hygg, at ^oroddr
aetli nu at af r. hingatkvdmur pinar) ;
to do away with (J)u verdr nu J)etta
vandraedi af at r.) ; r. e-n af e-u, to
make one leave off (af hefir pu mik
rddit brekvisi vid J)ik) ; r. e-u af (e-u),
to get off; 1>. bad menn taka forka ok
r. af skipinu, to get the ship off, set
her afloat ; r. e-n af = r. e-n af lifi, af
dogum, to put out of the way, put to
death (hann kvazt mundu af r. iil-
menni t)essi) ; r. at e-m, to attack
(njosnarmenn hlupu upp ok redu at
J)eim) ; r. d e-t, to set about a thiftg
(J)eir r€6u i. ishoggit) ; r. i. e-n, to
attack 07ie ({)ordu aldri uvinir hans i.
hann at r.) ; r. bot (boetr) i. e-u, to
remedy, make good (pottust menn eigi
kunna boetr ^ Jjessu r.) ; r. eptir e-m,
to pursue 07ie ; r. e-n fr^ e-u, to de-
prive one of, exclude one from (r. e-n
frd landi, riki) ; r. fyrir e-u, to cotn-
7nand, have authority over, be master
of (r. fyrir skipi, hofi, i€, eldi) ; r. i
e-t, to guess at, find out (Gormr kon-
ungr red ekki i J)etta) ; r. moti, f moti
e-m, to attack one (i moti Kara rdd
Mordr) ; r. e-n ofan, to overthrow \
r. or e-u, to find a7i expedient, solve a
difficulty (er nu vant or at r.) ; r. til
e-s, to rush in upon, attack (hann
reiddi upp 0xina ok red til f^orvards) ;
to take to {set about) a thing, try^
7nake an atteirvpt ; S. kom fotum
undir sik, ok red til i annat sinn, and
tried again the seco7id ti7)ie ; ok er mi
til at r., ef per vilit, 7tow is the ti77ie
for action, if ye are willing ; skal r.
til arinnar eda eigi, shall we try to
pass the 7'iver or not f ; r. til orrostu, to
go to battle ; r. til uppgongu, to 77iake
an asce7it; r. til ferdar, to start on a
jourtiey ; r. skipi til hlunns, to draw
a ship on land ; r. um e-t, to dispose
<9/"(megum ver eigi r. umhennar gjaf-
ord) ; to deliberate on (konungr gaf
jarli orlof at r. um petta vid menn
sina) ; r. um at gora e-t, to be about to
do a thing (hann tok um strenginn ok
rAda-bid
1.332]
RAB-SVINITR
r^6 um at fara upp i skipit) ; r. um
vi6 e^n, to put an end to, finish ofif
(var Alfr {)d kominn ok astlaSi skjott
um at r. vi6 Finnboga) ; r. e-t or e-u
undan e-m, to deprive one of (hon
vildi eigi giptast, pvi at hon vildi eigi
r. fe undan dottur sinni) ; r. e-t undir
e-n, to put in the charge of (J)^ re6u
J)eir godord sitt undir Rafn) ; r. e-t
upp, to read up (J)essi somu bref let
erkibiskup upp r. i Danmorku) ; r.
vi3 e-n, to be able to master one (muntu
nu einn vi3 mik r.) ; r. e-t viQ sik, to
make tip one^s mind; r. yfir e-u, to
rule, govern; (17) refl., ra6ast, to be
resolved, settled {elg'imunlpem. r. pessu
sinni) ; to turn out ; re6st mikit mann-
fall, there was a great slaughter ; r.
at hjoni, to hire oneself out, enter ser-
vice (reS.t hann J)d. t)ar at hjoni) ; r. d,
to come to blows (sva kom, at J)eir
ri6ast d) ; r. fr^, to leave ; r. i e-t, to
enter, undertake ; r. i hernafi, to go on
warfare ; hann r^6st i flokk me6 J)eim,
he joined himself to their company ; r.
1 braut, to go away ; r. or hernaSi,
give up, leave off f-eebooting ; r. til
e-s, to remove to one (bi6 Una selja
jor6 sina ok r. hingat til mm) ; r. lil
ferQar med e-m, to undertake a jour-
ney with one ; r. til skips me6 e-m, to
sail with 07ie ; rdSst til allgiptusamliga,
it turned out very happily ; r. um vi6
e-n, to consult with one (Pdlnatoki
reSst um vi6 felaga si'na). ,
rat$a-bic5, n. shoj-t stay (Asa t6k viS
{>6r6i d. -bid) ; -hot, n. betteriftg of
one's condition ; -breytni, f. change
in one's life or conditiofi ; -brot, n. pi.
plans ; -fatt, a. n. lacking counsel, at
one's wifs ends (jDeim var6 ekki -iixx) ;
-g0rt5, f. plan, design (toluSu J)eir
leyniliga -g0r6 sina) ; hafa dhyggjur
ok -g0r6ir, to make platis.
rdt5ag0rSa-mat5r, m. a man of many
devices (mikill, litill, -ma6r).
rdt5a-hagr, m. (i) state of life, con-
dition (eySist {€ fyrir Jjeim, ok gorist
-hagrinn lihoegr) ; (2) tnarriage (J)er
mun kostr -hags vid SigriSi systur
mina) ; -kona, f. housekeeper ; -kostr,
m. = -hagr ; -lauss, a. shiftless, help-
less; -matSr, m. (i) influential man
(Birgir var hinn t>ri3i mestr -maSr {
landinu) ; {o.) manager, steward{\\2XiXi
var huskarl |>6ris ok raSamadr fyrir
bui bans).
rd(Sa-rum, n. = rdSrum ; -skortr,
m. lack of shifts or expedients ; -skot,
n. resources ; -sto(5, f. help with coun-
sels ; -stofnan, -aetlan, f. plan, pro-
ject, design.
ratSbana-matSr, m. = rdSbani.
rac5-bani, m. contriver of a person's
death ; -drjugr, a. full of devices ;
-fdr, a. shiftless, helpless ; -frettast,
V. refl. to consult (af e-m, vi6 e-n) ;
-fysi, f. instigation, exhortation,
rd^gast (atS), v. refl. to take counsel.
ratS-girni, f. ambition ; -gjafi, m.
counsellor; -gjarn, a. ambitious, im-
perious; -hagr,m. = rd6ahagr; -hoUr,
a. giving faithful (good) advice.
ra^igr, a. = rdSugr.
rdSinn, pp. (i) resolved, determined
(r. til e-s, 1 e-u) ; (2) certain (t)at
hygg ek at r. s6 ufriSrinn) ; (3) clever
(vitr mafir ok r.).
racS-krokr, m. shift, contrivance;
-koenn, a. shrewd, shifty ; -lausliga,
adv. foolishly ; -lauss, a. shiftless,
having lost one's head ; -leggja (see
leggja), V. to give advice, advise (e-m
e-t); -leitinrj, a. shifty, shrewd;
-leitni, f. sagacity ; -leysi, n. shift-
lessness, confusion, foolishness ; -liga,
adv. cleverly ; -ligr, a. advisable ;
-maSr, m. counsellor.
rdtSning, f. (l) interpretation; (2)
chastisement, rebuke.
rdtS-rikr, a. imperiotis ; -rum, n.
respite for taking counsel ; -samr, a.
«= -rikr ; -semi, f. sagacity.
rdtSs-kona, f. housekeeper; -ma^r,
m. (l) manager of an estate, steward;
(2) influential 7?ian, leader.
rdtS-snild, f. sagacity ; -snjallr, a.
wise in counsel, sagacious ; -snotr,
-spakr, a. = -snjallr ; -speki, f. wis-
dom ; -spella (a$), v. /^ violate.
rdt5atafa-lauss, a. unprovided for,
homeless.
rdtS-stafi, m. home, shelter; hann
kvadst set hafa -stafa fyrir honum, he
had provided for him ; -svinnr, a. =*
-snjallr.
rAduqe,
[333]
REIDA
rdSugr, a. sagacious, shrewd.
rdtSu-ligr, a. = rddligr ; -nautr, m.
counsellor ; -neyti, n. body of coun-
sellors ; council.
rdtS-valdr, m. ruler \ -vandr, a.
honest, upright ; -vendi, f. probity,
honesty ; -t)8Bgr, a. ('/^^w to advice,
pliable (rdSjiiegir sinum radgjofum).
rdf, rafr, n. r^<?/, = rjd.fr, rasfr.
ramr, a. hoarse (hass ok r.).
ran, n. (l) atiy utilawful seizure or
holding of property ; (2) robbery,
plunneritig ; ( 3 ) plunder, booty.
Han, f. goddess of the sea (R. er
nefnd kona ^gis) ; Rdnar doetr, the
sea-jiyniphs ; the waves of the sea,
rdn-fengi, n., -fengr, m. booty,
phinder (-fengr f^jaza jotuns).
rans-fe, n. proceeds of plunder',
-fengr, m. = ranfengr ; -flokkr, m.
band of highway?nen ; -hond, f. rob-
bing hand (stela me6 rdnshendi).
ran-skapr, m. rapine.
rdns-mac5r, m. robber.
rds, f. (i) race, running (ek setta
hestinn i. r.) ; taka (hafa, hefja) i. r.,
to take to one's heels, run off (tok
Egill pegar i. ras fra boenum) ; (2)
course, channel (um leyniligar jarQar-
innar rasir) ; (3) company, host (allar
rasir heilagra mannaj.
ras-fimr, a. fleet (of a horse) ;
-hallr, a. steeply sloping,
ref Si, n. staff, cudgel.
refill (dat. refli, pi. reflar), m.
tapestry, hangings.
refil-stigr, m. mysterious path.
refjur, f. pi. cheats, tricks,
refju-samr,a. tricky (hann var refju-
samr 1 fjarreiSum).
ref-keila, f. she- fox, vixen.
refla (aS), v. to 7nake enquiry,
reforma-sott, f. ringworm disease.
ref-ormr, m. ringzi'orm,
refr (-s, -ar), m.fox.
refsa (aS, or -ta, -tr), v. to puftish,
with dat. of the person (r. e-m) ; with
ace. of the thing (r. niSingsverk).
refsan, f., raising, {.punishment.
refaingar-domr, m. sentence of pun-
ishme7it ; -laust, adv. without punish-
ment, tmptmished', -leysi, n. remiss-
ness in picnishi?ig\ -maSr, m. pun-
isher ; -svertS, n., -vondr, m. sword^
wand of pu7tish7nent.
refsinga-samr, a. given to punish-
ing {moxiXinva t)6tti hann hardr ok r.).
refsi-f)ing, n. a kind of cri7ninal
court (in old Sweden).
regi, f. cowardice ; -ligr, a. obscene
(-lig kvaeSi) ; -matSr, m. coward.
regin (gen. ragna), n. pi. the ruling
powers, the gods, = rogn.
regin-domr, m. the 7nighty doom,
the last judg7nent ; -grjot, n. the holy
stones, altars ; -kunnigr, -kunnr, a.
spru7ig from the gods ; -nagli, m.
sacred 7iai I (in a temple-pillar).
regla f. (i) rule ; (2) rule of a reli'
gious order ; (3) bar (of gold).
reglu-broSir, m. friar, brother {of a
religious order) ; -hald, n. convent
life, discipline ; ganga undir -hald, to
enter an order ; -Hgr, a. belo7ig.ng to
convent life ; -statSr, m. 7nonastery.
regn, n. rain (r. hafSi verit mikit).
regna (-di, -t), v. to rain, = ngna..
regn-bogi, m. rainbow; -61, n. 7ain-
shower; -ligr, a. rainy, likely to rain ;
-samr, a. rainy ; -skiir, f. shower of
rai7i ; -vatn, n. rain-water.
reitS (pi. -ar), f. (i) ride, 7'iding (var
honum{)afenginnhestrtilrei6ar); vera
einn 1 r., to ride alone ; J)eir voru beztir
hestar at r., they were the best of
ridi7ig-horses ; var J)a ok sen r. peirra,
they we7e seen ri:i7ig; (2) vehicle,
carriage, chariot (f>6rr a r. Jja, er hann
ekr, en hafrarnir draga reidna) ; (3)
clap of thunder (^yi nsest flugu elding-
ar ok reiSar).
reiSa (-dda, -ddr), v. (i) to carry
on horseback ; hverr reiddi y6r yfir
Markarfljot, who put you across M. f ;
(2) r. e-t um (of) oxl, to car7y a thing^
(poised) on 07ie's shoulder (hein hafSi
hann fyrir vapn ok reiddi of oxl) ; (3)
to ffiake 071 e rock, shake, push (reiSit
hana af baki, svd at hun ialli 1 loekinn
ofan) ; (4) to toss, of wind and waves
(batinn undir honum reiddi vindr ok
straumr norSr me6 landi) ; impers. to
be tossed about (reiddi J)a ymsa vega) ;
tok t)d at r. saman skipin, the ships
began to d7'ive agairist one another ;
e-u reicJir e-n veg af, it ends {turns
REIDA
[334]
REIKAN
out) in a certain way (voru ^i. margir
hraeddir um, hversu af mundi r.) ; (5)
to carry about, spread abroad (kann
vera, at J)eir menn reiSi orS min uvitr-
lig fyrir alt)y6u) ; (6) to brandish,
swings raise m the air (hann greip
0xina ok reiddi upp) ; (7) to weigh in
a balance (r. silfr, fe) ; (8) to pay (r.
i€ af hendi, r. ver6 fyrir e-t).
rei^a, f. (l) attendance, service (vist
ok oil r.) ; vinna e-m reiSu, to serve,
attend', (2) accommodation {i. peim
skogi var svd hord reic5an J)eirra, at
ekki var at eta, nema bork af vi6i) ;
(3) vera til reiSu, to be ready at hand
(tilreiSuerySrhervetrvist) ; konungr
l^t J)at t)egar til reiSu, the king granted
that at once ; (4) henda reiSur i. e-u,
to notice, heed ( jarl spurSi, hvert hann
foeri ]5a6an ; peir kvaQust eigi reidur
hafa dhent).
reiSa-lauss, a. without rigging.
reiSar-dima, -pruma, f. clap of
thunder (eldingar ok -J)rumur).
reit5ast (dd), v. refl. to become wroth,
get angry, e-u, at a thing (konungr
reiddist orSum hennar), e-m, with o?ie
(reiddist l^orr jotninum).
reiS-fara, -fari, a., ver6a vel -fara,
to have a good voyage (urSu t)eir vel
-fara ok toku {^rdndheim) ; -gata, f.
riding-way , bridle-path ; -gotSr, a.
good for riding (of a horse) ; -hestr,
m. riding-horse.
reit5i, m. (i) tackle, rigging {?i\\x \2cc
r. vandaSr mjok me6 skipinu) ; (2)
harness of a horse, riding-gear.
reiSi, n. = reiSi, m. (knorr me6 ri.
ok reidi ; hestr me6 ollu reidi).
reit5i, f. wrath, anger ; r. hleypr
(rennr) ^ e-n, one gets angry ; r. rennr
e-m or af e-m, one's anger passes off;
biSja af ser r. e-s, to ask one^s pardon.
reicSi-bola, i.fit of anger.
reicSi-duna, f. thunder, = Ye\6arduna..
reitSi-hugr, m. wrath, anger ; -liga,
adv. angrily, frow7iingly ; -ligr, a.
angry -loo king, frownifig', -mal, n.
angry lafigtiage (var J)at meirr -mdl
en sannyrSi) ; -msBli, n. = -md,l.
reining, f. (i) uproar, wild confu-
sion ; (2) spreading (of a report).
rei^ingr, m. harness^ riding-gear.
reitSinn, a. prone to anger, hot"
teinpered (kappsamrmjok ok r.).
reitSi-raust, f. angry voice ; -sproti,
m. rod of anger ; -svipr, m. angry
look, frown ; -verk, n. a deed done in
anger ; -J)okki, m. = -svipr.
rei(5i-J)runia, f. clap of thunder.
reitS-klaB^i, n. pi. riding-clothes.
reiS-lyndi, n. irascibility ; -lyndr,
a. pro7ie to anger, hot-tempered.
reitSr, a. wroth, angry ; r. e-m, with
07ie (hann var r. Einari).
rei(5r, a. passable on horseback, rid'
able (var J)ar reitt at fjorum).
reioskjota-macSr, m. groom.
reit5-skj6ti, -skjotr, m. riding-horse.
reicSala, f. = reizla.
reitSu-buinn, pp. ready, prepared',
-liga, adv. readily, promptly.
reit$u-liga, adv. angrily, with an
angry frown ; -ligr, a. angry-looking,
frowning, scowling.
reiSu-peningr, m. ready money ;
-stoll, m. easy chair (?).
reifa (-5a, -t5r), v. (l) to enrich,
present with (hringum rau6um reif5i
hon huskarla) ; (2) to mention, dis-
close (r. engan hlut e6r kvittu 1 kon-
ungsholl) ; (3) r. mdl, to sum up a
case ; (4) to end or result in (r. illu).
reifa-barn, n. an infant in swadd-
ling bands ; -lindi, m. swaddling
belt or girdle.
reifar, f. pi. swaddling bands.
reifing, f. summing-up of a case.
reifr, a. glad, cheerful (r. vi5 e-n).
reigjast (6), v. refl. to bridle up,
to show stiffness or displeasure (hon
reigQist vi3 honum).
reik, f. the parting of the hair.
reik, n. (i) strolling, wandering',
waverifig (J)ar var helzt r. d raSinu,
hvdrt ek munda af rdSa) ; (2) con-
dition ; vera vel (ilia) til reika, to^ be
i7i a good {bad) co7tdition', fagrliga
klasddr ok vel til reika, fi^iely clad
and in good trim,
reika (atS), v. (l) to stroll, walk
(|>randr reika5i eptir fjorunni) ; (2) r.
a fotum, d fotunum, to totter on one's
legs ; (3) /^ waver (ok reikaSi hans
hugr mjok).
reikan, f. strolling about, wandering.
REIKANAR-MADR
[335]
REKA-VIDR
reikanar-ma^r, m. landlowper ;
-samr, a. wavering (e-m er -samt).
reikna (atS), v. to reckon^ county cal-
culate ; refl., reiknast, to be reckoned
{t>orIikr reiknast milli |)eirra biskupa,
er) ; to hold mutual reckonings reik-
nudust J)eir I)a vi5 um fraendsemi, they
reckoned up their relationship.
reikningr, m. reckoning, accojcnt.
reikutSr, m., only in phr., foera e-n
i reikuQ, to handle roughly.
reim (pi. -ar), f. lash, thong.
reima (atS), v., r. af, to make the
haunting leave off (mun af reimast
meirr en eina nott).
reim-leikr, m. hauntings (bratt
eptir J3etta gerSiist -leikar miklir).
reimt, a. n. haunted ; J^ar er r., the
place is haunted by ghosts.
rein, f. strip of land (cf. ' akr-rein ').
reip, n. rope (hann sleit i sundr
reipin) ; reipa rei6i, riggings tack-
ling. (See also 'rammr'.)
reipa (ac5), v. to fasten with a rope',
var reipat treit d skipinu, the mast
was rigged', refl., reipast vi3 e-t, to
undertake (ef J)u r. vi6 at fara).
reisa (-ta, -tr), v. (i) to raise (let
hann r. viSuna ok draga seglit) ; r.
e-n upp, to raise up ; r. e-n upp af
dauQa, to raise up from the dead ; r.
upp log, to restore the laws ; {2) to
raise, erect, build, of ships and houses
(r. bee, kirkju, hof, skip) ; r. upp hus,
to restore or rebuild houses ; (3) to
raise, start, bes^n ; r. ufriQ, to make a
rising ; r. fer6, to start on a journey ;
r. bu or biinad, to set up house.
reista (-sta, -str), v. to bend (rare).
reisting, f. bending, twisting.
reisuligr, a. stately, i}nposi7tg (|».
g0rir J)ar reisuligan bee).
reita (-tta, -ttr), v. (i) to excite,
irritate (r. e-n) ; (2) refl., reitist d e-t
or d um e-t, it comes to a thi7tg ; mun
d bardaga r., there will be a fight ;
reitist af um e-t, it falls off, drops (t^a
reitist ekki af um talit vi6 hann).
reiting, f. irritation, offence.
reitr (pi. -ar and -ir;, m. (i) a
space marked out (l^rir reitar fets
breiSir) ; (2) square on a chessboard
(reitir i. taflborSi).
reizla, f. (i) weighing \ (2) means
of weighing, steel-yard.
rek, n. pi. prosecution (kvdSust setla,
at h€r mundu mikil r. at gor).
reka (rek ; rak, rdkum ; rekinn),
v.{\)to drive (r. hesta, fe, svi'n, naut) ;
r. aptr, to drive back ; r. aptr kaup
sin, to recall, cry off from one's bar-
gains ; r. af (or) landi, to drive out of
the land, drive into exile ; r. af hond-
um, r. hurt, to drive away ; r. flotta,
to pursue a flying host ', (2) to compel
(segir, hver nauSsyn hann rekr til) ;
i)er vegit vig J)au, er y3r rekr litit til,
ye slay men for small cause ; (3) to
perform, do ; r. hemaS, to wage war ;
r. erendi, to do an errand', (4) to
thrust, throw, push violently (hann
rak hann niSr mikit fall) ; r. aptr hurS,
to fling the door to ; r. hendr e-s a
bak aptr, to tie one^s hands behind the
back; (5) various phrases, r. augu,
skygnur a e-t, to cast one's eyes upon,
see by chance ; svd, langt, at hann
matti hvergi auga yfir r., so far that
he could not reach it with his eyes ; r.
minni til e-s, to recollect ; r. upp hlj63,
to set tip a cry, utter a scream ; (6) r.
nagla, h^l, to drive a nail, peg ; (7)
impers., to be di'ifted, tossed (skipit
rak inn i. sundit) ; e-n rekr undan,
one escapes (bad J)a eigi Mta Gretti
undan r.) ; of a tempest, l)d. rak a
fyrir "^^xm. hri6, a storjfi rose upon
them ; (8) with gen., to pursue, take
vengeance for (ef per rekit eigi J)essa
rettar, J)a munu J)er engra skamma r.) ;
(9) refl., rekast, to be tossed, wander
(ek hefi rekizt uti d skogum 1 allan
vetr) ; r. landa d milli, to go from one
country to another ; r. a e-m, to in-
trude oneself upon ; r. eptir e-m, to
accommodate o?ieself to a person ; r.
undan, to escape (ef Kjartan skal mi
undan r ) ; rekast (vrekast) at virdi,
to quarrel over a meed.
reka. f. shovel, spade.
rekald. n. a thi7ig drifted ashore.
reka-maSr, m. owner of shore-drift *y
-strand, f. ^ drifts tra7td\ where
whales or trees are driven ashore ;
- re n. drift- tree ; -vicSr, m. drift'
timber.
REKENDI
[336]
RENWA
rekendi, n. pL, rekendr, f. pi. chain.
rek-hvalr,m. a whale drifted ashore.
reki, m. (i) a thing drifted ashore
(hverr maSr d. reka fyrir landi sinu) ;
{2) prosecution {o{2l suitfor manslaugh-
ter, etc.) ; g0ra mikinn reka at e-u, to
follow up, prosecute with energy.
rekingr, m. outcast, wretch.
rekinn, pp. 7nounted, i7ilaid (Snorri
gaf Au6gisli 0xi rekna).
rekja (rek, rakta, rakiSr or raktr),
V. (i) to spread out, unwind, unfold,
= r. i sundr (hon rakti motrinn olc leit
d um hriS) ; refl., rekjast, to unwind
itself (en J)rd5rinn raktist af tvinna-
hnoSanu) ; \iX hendr pinar rekjast ni3r
fyrir t)ik, let thy arms hang straight
down ; rekjast or svefni, to start from
sleep ; (2) to track, trace (J)eir rekja
spor sem hundar) ; r. kyn, settir, to
trace a pedigree ; r. fram, to expound
(bad hann fram r. gu5s log) ; r. minni
til, to re7nember.
rekkja (gen. pi. rekkna), f. bed;
fara i rekkju, to go to bed; leggjast i
rekkju, to take to one's bed; risa 6r
rekkju, to arise, get up.
rekkja (-ta, -t), v. [i) to sleep in a
bed ; r. hji e-m, to sleep with another ;
(2) to make a bed (r. undir ser).
rekkju-bunat5r, m. bed-furniture ;
-felagi, m. bed-fellow ; -golf, n. bed-
closet ; -illr, a. unriily in bed ; -klsBtSi,
n. pi. bed-clothes ; -kona, f. chajjiber-
maid', -matSr, m. a person in bed;
-refill, m. bed-curtain ; -skraut, n.
bed-ornaments ; -stokkr, m. edge of
a bed ; -sveinn, m. chamber-boy ;
-tjald, n. bed-curtain ; -vatSmdl, n.
woollen bed-cover.
rekkr (-s, -ar), m. man, warrior.
rekningr, m. (i) outcast; (2) va-
grancy (bera meyna i. rekning).
rek-saumr, m. ' driving-nails *, opp.
to ' hnoQsaumr '.
rekstr (gen. -rar), m. driving, chas-
ing; trouble, amioyance.
rek-tr6, n. drift-tree, drift-timber.
rembast (d), v. refl. to fuff oneself
up, behave proudly.
rembi-liga, adv. haughtily, in a
proud or conceited manner.
rembu-matJr, m. puffed'Up fellow.
remja (aS), v. to roar (of a lion).
remma, f. bitterness, acridity.
remma (-da, -dr), v. to strengthen.
ren, n. = renan (var J)^ nokkut r. 4
bans sott) ; r6na (at$), v. to dwindle^
decrease, subside (orrostan renaSi).
r6nan, f. decrease, dimitiution.
rendr, a. ^i'/^c'<'/(skjoldr jarni rendr).
rengja (-da, -dr), v. (i) to distort;
(2) to reject, set aside.
renna(renn; rann.runnum; runn-
inn), V. (i) to run (rakkar J)ar renna) ;
r. 1 kopp vi6 e-n, to run a race with ;
hon a pann best, er rennr lopt ok log,
that runs through the air and over
the sea ; r. e-m hvarf, to run out of
one's sight; ^(2) to run away, flee
(rennr J)u nu Ulfr hinn ragi) ; r. undan
e-m, to run away from one (ek get
J)ess, at J)u vilir eigi r. undan J)eim) ;
(3) to run, flow (rennr J)aQan litill
loekr) ; (4) to melt, dissolve (ok hafSi
runnit malmrinn 1 eldsganginum) ;
reiSi rennr e-m, anger leaves ojie ; (5)
to arise ( = r. upp) ; sol rennr, the sun
rises ; dagr rennr, it dawns ; (6) with
preps., r. af e-m, to leave one, pass
away frotn one (rei6i rann af honum) ;
r. i. e-n, to come over one ; svefn, svefn-
hofgi rennr a e-n, one falls asleep ;
reiSi rennr i. e-n, one gets angry ; J)i
rann i. byrr, then a fair wind arose ; r.
eptir e-m, to run after one (pa var
runnit eptir J)eim, er fl6ttann r^ku);
r. fr^ e-m, to run away from, leave
one ; r. 1 e-t, to run into ; e-m rennr
1 skap, one is much {deeply) affected
(er eigi trutt, at me'r hafi eigi i skap
runnit sonardauSinn) ; r. saman, to
heal up (l)a var saman runninn leggr-
inn) ; r. undir, to assist, give support
(margar sto5ir runnu undir, basfii
fraendr ok vinir) ; r. upp, to originate
(var J)ess v^n, at illr ^voxtr mundi upp
r. af illri rot) ; of the sun or daylight,
to rise ; sol (dagr) rennr upp (cf. 5) ;
(7) recipr., rennast at (d), to attack
one another, begin to fight.
renna (-da, -dr), v. {i) to make {let)
run, with dat. (keyrSi hann hestinn
sporum ok renndi honum at) ; (2) to
put to flight (t)eir renndu peim tiu, er
undan komust) ; (3) to prevent, thwart
RENNA
[337J
r:6ttr
(eigi m^ skopunum r.) ; er rennt Jjeim
rdSahag, that fnatch is thwarted', (4)
to slip, let loose ; r. veidarfceri, to let
the Jishing-line run out\ Tjorvi renndi
fyrir hann torgu, T. fiung a target in
his way; impers., atgeirinum renndi
gegnum skjoldinn, the halberd was
run throtigh the shield; r. e-u niQr,
to swallow ; r. grunum d e-t, to sus-
pect', (5) r. augum, to direct the eyes,
to look (r. astaraugum til e-s) ; (6) to
pour (var gulli rennt f skurfiina) ; (7)
with ace, r. mjolk, to run milk, by
pouring out the thin milk ; r. or tunnu,
to let out the liquid from a cask ; (8)
with ace. to turn (r. tre, spdnu) ; (9)
absol. to move quickly, slide, glide {Von-
ungsskipin renndu at {)eim) ; ^i. renndi
hringrinn af hendi mer, the ring slip-
ped off my hand', (10) refl., rennast
augum til, to look to one another', pi
renndust skipin hja, the ships passed
by one another.
renna, f. run, course ; ok nu er
skirfir allr Danaherr i J)essi rennu, in
one run, at one sweep.
renni-drif, n. snow raised by the
wind, drifting snow ; -kvi, f. fold
into which sheep are driven, trap.
rennsl, n. or f., f einu rennsli, i einni
rennsl, in one run, at one time.
rennsla, f. course, water-course,
repta (-pta, -ptr), v. to roof
repta (-pta, -pt), v. to bring up
wind, to belch ; r. aptr, = drita.
r6tt, f. (i) public fold {J)at var um
haustit, er sauSir voru 1 r. reknir) ; (2)
esp. pi. the general sheep-gathering in
autumn (t)ann dag skulu vera rdttir i
{>6rarinsdal).
r6tt, adv. ( i ) just, exactly, precisely ;
(2) straight (J)eir stefndu r. d J)a) ; (3)
rightly, correctly (lysa e-u r.).
retta (-tta, -ttr), v. (i) to make
straight, straighte?!, opp. to 'beygja,
kreppa ' (r. krok, r. d. s^r fingrna) ;
(2) to stretch out, stretch (r. or r. fram
hondina) ; r. e-t e-m, to reach, hand
over, a thing to one (hann retti sjoSinn
at Sigmundi) ; (3) /^ raise ^ right a
capsized boat (hvelfdi skipinu, en
dvergarnir r^ttu skip sitt) ; (4) to rise
(hann retti ekki or rekkju) ; (5) to
put right, adjust \ r. hluta e-s, to
redress ; konungr vildi eigi r. J)etta
mil, the king refused justice ; (6) to
let the ship drift, -= leggja f rdtt (vard
t)i at hlafla seglum ok r.) ; (7) with
preps., r. fram, to stretch out', r. c-t
upp, to raise ({>6rr retti upp hondina) ;
r. vid, to come to oneself, recover (Narfi
r^ttir vid or rotinu) ; (8) refl., rettast,
to be put straight', rdttust fingrnir,
thefngers became straight ; to stretch
oneself (r. gorfli raumrinn stirdr) ; r.
upp, to rise (Hakon jarl r^ttist upp).
r6tta-menn, m. pi. the men assemble i
at a 'rett'.
r6ttar-b6t, f. (l) bettering of one's
condition (y6r var heitit friQi ok -bot,
en nu hafiS J)^r dnau6 ok t^raelkun) ;
(2) a7nend7nent of the law.
r^ttari, m. justiciary, justice.
r6ttar-matSr, m. = retta ri.
r6tt-borinn, pp. legitimate; -borinn
til rikis, a lawful heir to the throne ;
-doBmi, n. justice in judgement ;
-dcemr, a. just in judge7nent ; -fund-
inn, pp. duly found ; -hafi, a. in lau -
ftd possession of (at e-u) ; -harr,
-hfiBrtSr, a. straight-haired, opp. to
* hrokkin-hirr '.
r6tti-liga, adv. = rettliga ; -ligr, a.
just, right (mdlefni rettiligri).
r6ttindi, n. pi. right, justice.
ratting, f. (i) setting right, amend-
ment', vil ek eiga r. allra orda minna,
/ clai7n the 7'ight to amend all i7iy
words ; (2) redress (var6 J)essa engi r.
af Onundi).
rett-kominn, pp. having p7-oper
right (-kominn til rikis) ; -kosinn,
pp. duly chose7i ; -kristinn, a. truly
christian, orthodox', -lauss, a. void
of right ; -Idtr, a. righteous, just ;
-leitSis, adv. ( i ) straight forward {{a.ra.
-leifiis) ; (2) on the right path (snua
sdr -lei6is ok trua a sannan gu6) ;
-leiki, m. straightness ; -leitr, a. hav-
ing regiclarfeatures ; -\isa.,Sid\ .justly ,
duly; -lig;TCtdi.just,due, proper; -leeti,
n. righteousness, justice ; -meBli, n.
^^K^ili jit slice ; -nefjatSr, a. straight-
nosed ; -or^liga, adv. truthfclly ;
-ortSr, a. truthful.
re ttr, a. (i) straight (r. sem laukr) ;
2
RETTR
[338]
RIBBUNGR
(2) erect ^ upright (Ottarr st66 r. ok
brd sdr ekki vi6) ; (3) right, just (telja
J)at rangt, er r^tt er) ; hafa rdtt at
mccla, /(? ^<? right, in the right ; at
rettu, me6 rettu, rightly.
rettr (-ar, -ir), m. (i) right, law,
lands r., ///<? law of the land ; kristinn
r., gu3s r., ecclesiastical law ; (2) right,
due, claim ; konungs r., the king'' s due
(at konungr minnki nokkut af sinum
retti) ; (3) co?iditio?i; hann g0rSi har3-
anrdtt landsmanna,//.? tyrannized over
them ; (4) dish (hinn fyrsta rett baru
inn J)essir lendir menn) ; (5) drifting
before the wind', liggja i rett, to lie
drifting; leggja i rett, to set a ships
course for drifting.
r6tt-snuning, f. conversion {to Chris-
tianity)-, -BtrejmVyd,.^ right-streamed' ;
hafa vel -streymt, to have the ctirrent
fully with one', -syni, n. (i) straight
direction ; (2) seeing right, insight ;
-synis, adv. in a straight direction ;
-synn, a. fair, just (g63ir menn ok
-synir) ; -soelis, adv. with the sun,
opp. to * rangscelis * ; -tekinn, pp.
duly accepted; -truaSr, a. orthodox;
-vaxinn, pp. upright of growth ;
-visi, f. righteousness, justice ; -vis-
liga, adv. justly ; -viss, a. righteous,
just; -yr5i, f. truthfulness.
reycSar-hvalr, m. rorqual.
reySr (gen. -ar, dat. and ace. -i, pi.
-ar), f. rorqual, finner-whale,
reyfa (-t5a, -t5r), v. to rob,
reyfari, m. pirate, robber,
reyfi, n. sheep's fleece.
reyg-jast ((5), v. refl.=reigjast.
reyk-beri, m. chimney ; -blindx, a.
blind from smoke.
reykelsi, n. incense.
reyk-fastr, 3.. full of smoke ; -hafr,
m. chimney-pot.
reykja (-ta, -tr), v. to smoke, emit
smoke ; to sujP'ocate with smoke.
reykjar-daunn, -J)efr, m. S7nell of
smoke (um sidir kenna peir -J)ef).
reyk-lauss, a. smokeless.
reykr (-jar, -ir), m. smoke, steam.
reyna (-da, -dr), v. [l) to try, prove
(lengi skal manninn r.); hann letGun-
nar r. ymsar if)r6ttir vi6 menn sina,
he let G. essay divers feats against his
men ; ef vi6 f>orsteinn skulum r. meS
okkr, if Ihorstein and I shall make
trial of each other; r. eptir e-u, to
search, pry, inqtiire into (hann reyndi
eptir morgum hlutum) ; r. til, to 7nake
trial (Brodir reyndi til med forneskju,
hversu ganga mundi orrostan) ; {i)to
experience (reynt hefi ek brattara) ;
hefi ek J)ik reynt at godum drengi, /
have proved {found) thee to be a good
fellow; r. e-t af e-m, to ineet with
(hann hafQi reynt af BoSvari vindttu
mikla) ; (3) refl., reynast, to turnout,
prove to be (reyndist Gunnlaugr hinn
hraustasti) ; I)at mun t)6 sidar r., but
this will be put to the proof by and
by ; also with dat., ef mer reynist
f>6r61fr jamnvel mannaQr, if I find
Thorolf as well accomplished.
reynd, f. experience ; eru J)eir lilikir
J)eim synum,en miklu lilikarireyndum,
they are unlike them in appearance,
but much more so in reality ; gen.
reyndar, as adv. indeed, in fact, really.
reyni-lundr, m. rowan-grove.
reynir (gen. -is), m. rowan-tree.
resnii-riinnr, m. rowan-tree ; -vicSr,
m. rowafi-wood; -vondr, m. wand
from a rowan-tree.
reyi^a (-Sa, -$r), v.{i)to wind round
(orin var reyrS gulli) ; (2) to tie, fasten
(hann var bundinn at hondum ok
fotum ok reyrSr sterkliga vi6 einn as).
reyra (-tSa, -Sr), v. to bury in a
cairn (reyrr).
reyr-bond, n. pi. the wire by which
the arrow-head was bound to the
shaft (skot st66u uppi k -bondum).
reyrr (-ar, dat. -i), m. reed.
reyrr, m. heap of stones, cairn.
reyr-skogr, m. reed-bed; -sproti,
-teinn, m. ' reed-wand % cane ; -vax-
inn, pp. grown with reed; -vondr,
m. = -sproti ; -J)akinn, pp. thatched
with reed.
reysta (-sta, -str), v. to lift up the
voice; to resound ; to sing {r.\iv^h\).
reyta (-tta, -ttr), v. to pluck, pick
(S. hleypr d hus upp ok reytir gras) ;
r. sik, to tear one's hair.
ribbalda-skapr, m. ribaldry,
ribbaldi, m. ribald^ savage.
ribbimgr (-s, -ar), m. = ribbaldi.
BIB
[339]
RISTILI,
ri!5, n. {l)a winding staircase^ steps ;
(2) sway, swing ; ok verSr svi mikit
r. at, and it comes to such a pitch, that ;
(3) weight, i7nportance, moment (munu
J)ar stcerri r. i vera).
riSa (a$), v. to tremble^ move un-
steadily (riSufiu augu).
ritSa, f. shiver: tig fever ^ ague.
riddara-bunat5r, m. a horseman's
outfit or attire ; -domr, m. knight-
hood ; -herr, m. cavalry ; -i{)r6tt, f.
chivalry ; -li$, n. = -herr ; -ligr, a.
chivalrotis ; -skapr, m. knighthood,
chivalry; -sveinn, m. a knight's page.
riddari, m. (i) rider, horseman ; (2)
knight ; also in chess.
ritSlast (at5), v. refl. ( i) to break rank,
fall into disorder (riSIaSist fylkingin
ok losnaSi oil) ; ri61u6ust Jdo, forunautar
hans fra honum, his followers slunk
away ; (2) to Chester ; me5 ridluSum
vinviSum af vinberjum ok allskyns
aldini, vines clustered with grapes and
all kinds of fruit.
riSr, m. shock, shaking.
ritSull (dat. riSli, pi. riSlar), m. (i)
a small detachtnent of men (konungr
hafdi riSul einn manna hjd J)eirra
her) ; (2) cluster (of flowers or fruit).
ritSu-sjukr, a. sick of ague ; -sott, f.
shivering fever, ague.
rit$-vaxinn, pp. square-built (Mgr i.
voxt ok mjok -vaxinn).
rit$-v61r, m. a short round stick,
mesh-pin.
rif (gen. pi. rtQa), n. (i) rib (hljop
J)a sver6i6 a siSuna ok 1 milli rifjanna) ;
(2) fig. cause, reason {{ja skildi hann
af hverjum rifjum vera myndi).
rif, n. reef in the sea (ut i holmann
\i. eitt rif mjott ok langt).
rif, n. reef'm a sail (sigla vi3 eitt r.).
rif, n. ( I ) tearing asunder ; (2) plun-
dering (me3 rani ok rifi).
rifa, f. rent^ rift, chink, fissure.
rifa (atS). v. to sew up loosely (Styrr
var rifaQr 1 hu6).
rif-blautr, a. lean-ribbed (of a
horse) ; -hris, n. brush-wood ^faggots.
rifja (aS), v. (i) to turn over (r.
hey) ; {1)10 expoicnd, explain, go into
(mikil skynsemi er atr. vandliga l)at).
rifna (atS), v. to be rent, to split
(seglin rifnuSu) ; r. aptr or upp, to
open up again (of wounds).
rifp (gen. rifjar), m. warp-beam.
rifs, n. plunder (fara me6 rdn ok r.).
rifsa (atS), v. to plunder.
riga (atS), v. to lift heavily or with
difficulty, with dat. (fengu J)eir hvergi
rigat honum).
rigna (-di, -dr),v. to rain upon, wet
with rain (var hann med engu moti
rigndr e6a vatr) ; impers., rignir, it
rains ; with dat., l)ar me3 rigndi i. ^i.
bl66i vellanda, it also rained boiling
blood on them.
riklingr, m. dried strips of halibut.
rim (pi. -ar), f. rail (in a paling).
rima-naust, n. a boat-shed made of
rails (-naust, erferja var i).
rimi, m. elevated strip of land.
rimma, f. tumult, fray.
rindill (dat. rindli, pi. rindlar), m.
W7'en (as a nickname).
rippa (acS), v., r. e-t upp, to rip up,
go into, a matter.
ript, f. linen, linen clothes.
ripta (-pta, -ptr), v. (i) to make
void, invalidate (r. kaup) ; (2) to re-
gain, recover, an estate (Kolskeggr
aetlar mal fram at hafa ok r. fjorSung
i Moeidar-hvdli).
ripti, n. linen = x\^\. (hana SigurSr
sveipr i ripti).
rip ting, f. withdrawal, making void
(of a bargain).
risa-barn, n. giant-child ; -folk, n.
giant-folk \ -kyn, n. giant-kind;
-ligr, a. gigantic, giant-like (-ligt
hjarta) ; -^ro's.tVfgiant^s size.
risi, m. giant (risar ok troll).
ris-mdl, n. pi. the hour for rising,
about 6 o'clock a.m. ; milli rismala ok
dagm^la, about y.'^o a.fn.
risna, f. hospitality, munificence.
risnu-maSr, m. hospitable man.
rispa (atS), v. to scratch,
rispa, f. a slight scratch.
rist (pi. ristr), f. the instep of the
foot (foetrnir ok ristrnar).
rista (-sta, -str), v. to cut, = rista.
rista, f. scratch, slash.
ristar-bein, n. instep-bone ; -li^r,
m. ankle-joint.
ristill, m. (i) ploughshare ; (2)
BISTU-BRAGD
[340]
RIKU-IilGR
poet, gentlewoman (r. er su kona, er
skoruglynd er).
riatu-bragt5, n. a runic character.
risu-ligr, a. lofty ^ stately (-ligr beer) ;
-ligr vexti, of itnposing stature.
rit, n. ii) writing', einn dag er hann
sat at riti, when he sat writings (2)
writ^ writing, letter (g0ra r.).
rita (aS), v. to write, = rita.
rita-g0rtS, f. letter-writing, corre-
spondence. Cf. ' br^fa-g0r3.'
ritan-ligr, a. that can be written.
ritari, m. writer, transcriber, secre-
tary (prestr er var ritari bans).
rit-foeri, n. pi. writing-materials ;
-klefi, m. writing-closet.
ritning (pi. -ar), f. writing, writ.
rit-sending J. letter-sending ; -stofa,
f. writing-room, study.
ritSa (ritS ; reit5, ritSum ; riSinn),
V. (i) to ride, go on horseback (peir
brccQr ri6u til alj)ingis) ; with dat. of
the animal (r. hesti, vargi) ; of ghosts,
r. husum, skala, to ' ride ' on the ridge
of a house \ with ace. of the road or
the place ; r. Iei6 sina, veg sinn, to
ride one's way ; r. kjorr ok skoga, to
ride through brush a?id forest ; r.
eyrendi, to ride on an errand', (2) to
break in, train (Jjat var siSvenja l)eirra
at r. hesta, temja baedi vi3 gang ok
vi3 hlaup) ; (3) to move th?-ough the
air ; 0xin reiS at honum, the axe came
at him ; reid at honum brundssinn,
down on hiin came the wall-plate ; er
upp rei3 gi.\gSL-tr6it,when the gallows-
tree was raised; {^) to reel, stagger
(hann rei6 i. ymsar hlidar) ; (5) r. upp,
to rise (t>eir fengu tekit hann vid klif,
er upp ridr or fjorunni) ; (6) miklu
(litlu) ri3r um e-t, it is of great {small)
importance ; eigi l)arf nu meira vid, at
fullu mun J)etta r., this will be quite
enough.
riSa (ritS ; reitS, ricSum ; riSinn),
V. (i) to twist, knit, wind; r. knut,
to knit a knot ; r. net, to work a net ;
r. knapp d e-t, to finish, wind a thing
up ; vera vi6 e-t ridinn, to be con-
cerned in, have to do with (verdr hann
litt vi6 soguna riSinn) ; (2) to rub,
smear (r. bl68i i. e-n or r. e-n blodi) ;
riSa 1, to rub into (r. kolum ok leiri f
andlit s^r) ; (3) frg., with dat., to thrash^
flog', r. e-m um kinn, to buffet one',
(4) to wring, press (mjolk su, er riSin
er or seljubork).
ri(Sari, m. = riddari.
rifa (rif; reif, rifum ; rifinn), v.
(l) to rive, tear (J)eir l^tu dyr ok
hrafna r. hraein) ; r. klaeSi af ser, to
tear off one^s clothes ; r. aptr, to rip
up (|>. vildi at aptr v^ri rifit s^rit) ; r.
ofan, r. ni6r, to pull down ; r. i sundr,
to tear asujider ; (2) impers. to be refit,
give way (reif seglit).
rifka (atJ), v. to mend, improve; er
nauSsyn at r. ra3 fyrir dottur J)inni,
to mend her state.
rif-ligr, 2.. good, fine, desirable,
rifr, a. good, acceptable (1 gulli ok
silfri eQr i ri'fum aurum).
rik-borinn, pp. high-born ; -dom-
liga, adv. magnificently, -domr, m.
(i) power, might, magnificence; (2)
wealth, riches ; -dcBmi, n. = -domr.
riki, n. ( I ) power, might (ek hefi hafit
J)ik til rikis af litlum manni) ; veita
e-m r., to grant one power; (2) rule,
doyninion (lagdist land allt undir r.
Haralds konungs) ; (3) kingdom (fdr
konungr heim i r. sitt).
riki-latr, a. imperious, lordly.
rikja (-ta, -t), v. /^ reign (hann rikti
fjogur dr ok tuttugu).
rik-latr, 2i. proud; -leikr, m. power,
authority ; -lundaSr, a. imperious,
severe ; -lyndi, n. imperiousness, se-
verity; -lyndr, a. = -lunda6r; -mann-
liga, adv. magnificently; -mannligr,
a. magnificeiit, stately ; -menni, n.
the mighty, the nobility.
rikr, a. (i) mighty, powerful (r.
hofSingi) ; r. ok 2iub\gY, powerful and
wealthy ; rikri ( = rikari) rad S3.g(S\,the
stronger had his way ; (2) of things,
strong (var par rikt varShald) ; ganga
ri'kt, to prevail (Idt J)u eigi J)^ fas6 sva
rikt ganga, at) ; leggja rikt vi6, to lay
a heavy penalty on; (3) magnificent
(konungr gorSi mannboS rikt) ; (4)
rich, wealthy (r. at fe).
riku-liga, adv. {\) magnificently,^
rikmannliga ; (2) strictly (hann hdlt
-liga gu6s log) ; -ligr. a. magnificent
(-lig veizla) ; -ligr maSr, a fine man.
RIM
[341]
ROSKNAST
rim, n. computation, esp. calendar.
rim, n. rhyme, rhymed song.
rima, f. rhyjning lay, ballad.
rim-koenn, a. skilled in calendar
co7fiputation ; -tal, n. calendar.
risa (ris ; reis, risum ; risinn), v.
{}■) to rise, get tip {ix skal r. sa er
annars vill fe e6a fjor hafa) ; r. or
rekkju, frd bordi, to rise from bed,
from table ; r. af dauOa, to rise from
the dead; (2) to come into existence,
arise (vita J)6ttist hann, af hverjum
rotum J)etta hafQi risit) ; (3) with
preps, and advs., mikit orS riss i, e-u,
it is much spokefi of', r. i moti e-u, to
rise against', r. upp, to rise, get up
(hon reis ekki upp fyrir miSjan dag) ;
to rise from the dead[d).2Mh\x risa upp) ;
r. upp fyrir e-m, to yield, give up, one's
place to another; r. vi6 e-m, to rise
against, withstand.
rista (list ; reist, ristum ; ristinn),
V. (i) to cut, slash (Otkell rekr sporann
vid eyra Gunnari ok ristr mikla ristu) ;
r. e-t 1 sundr, to cut in two (t». reist i
sundr linbrok sina) ; (2) to cut open
(hon reist d mer kviSinn) ; (3) to cut,
carve, grave on something (r. runar a
kefli, horni) ; (4) to carve, form by
carving {Hrafn la i bekk ok reist spjin,
J)vi at hann var hagr).
rita (rit ; reit, ritum ; ritinn), v.
(l) to scratch, cut; (2) to write (bokin
var 611 rilin gullstofum).
ijd (ijd$a, rja^r), v. to vex, worry,
= hrja (erum ver reknir ok rjaSir).
ijd, f. harassing, worrying.
ijafr, n. roof, = rdf, r^fr, rsefr.
rj6t5a (rytS ; raut5, rutSum ; rotJinn),
V. to reddeft (r. ^gg, sverd, vapn) ; r. i
bloQi, to sjnear with blood; of the sun
(um morguninn, sem sol ry3r fjoll).
ijotSr, a. red, ruddy (r. 1 andliti).
rjotSr, n. open space in a forest, clear-
ing (skogr rj66rum hoggvinn).
i^'iifa (ryf; rauf, rufum ; rofinn),
V. (i) to break a hole in, break (hljopu
t)eir J)^ upp d husin ok toku at r.) ; r.
undir, to make woimds ; r. samnaSinn,
to break up the gathering ; (2 ) fig. to
break, violate (r. sdttmdl, ssett, eiSa,
trygSir) ; (3) impers., ryfr ]3okuna, the
fog clears away ; ryfr {or ryfr i) veSrit,
ryfr upp ve3r, the weather clears, it
clears up.
rjiika (ryk ; rauk.rukum ; rokinn),
V. (i) to reek, emit smoke or steam
(hvat rykr i. diskinum fyrir jDer ?) ; im-
pers., rykr af e-m, reek rises fro7n one
(ambdttin reri 1 hurt alsveitt af moeSi,
ok rauk af henni) ; (2) to be driven,
drifted like smoke (mjoll, sjor rykr) ;
(3) fig. to fly, go flying; sver6i3 rauk
or hendi honum, the sword flew otct
of his hatid.
rjupa (gen. pi. I'jupna), f. ptar-
migan (sem valr flygi eptir rjupu).
rjup-keri, m. cock-ptarmigan.
roS, n.fish skin (rifa fisk or ro3i).
ro5, n. reddening, making or becom-
ing red (cf. hlunn-, s61ar-roQ).
rotSa (atS), v. impers. to etnit a red
gleam (J)d er ro6a6i af skjoldunum) ;
roSar fyrir upprennandi solu, the sky
is reddened by the rising sun,
rotSa (aS), v. to huddle together.
rot$i, m. redness, ruddiness (r. 1 kinn-
um, i andliti) ; laust roda d himininn,
the sky reddened.
rotSinn, pp. from * rj65a ', reddened,
smeared with blood, bleedi7ig.
rotSna (ac5), v. to redden, beco?ne red.
rof, n. (i) breach, opening (var J)ar
mikit r. i fylkingunni) ; (2) a law term,
retractation, reversal (of judgement).
rofna (atSj, v. (l) to break up, give
way (t)d er r. tok fylkingin) ; (2) to
fall through, become invalid (of a bar-
gain, judgement, fine).
roftorfs-veggr, m. a wall of sods.
rokinn, pp. (of ' rjuka '), cooled off
(var litt rokin stofan).
rokkr (-s, -ar), m. distaff (sat I)ar
kona, sveigQi rokk).
rolla, f. roll, scroll.
ropi, m. belch, eructation,
rosi, m. rain and stortn.
roskin-leikr, m. ripeness, perfection ;
-mannligr, a. looking like a grown-
up man (mikill maSr ok -mannligr).
roskinn, a. ripe, ^nature, full-grown
(var hon svd mikil sem maSr r.).
rosknaSr, pp. grown-up, adult.
rosknast (atSj, v. refl. to become
* roskinn ', grow up to manhood (en
er |>. jarl rosknaSist).
KOSM-HVAIiR
[342]
I16T-FESTA
rosm-hvalr, m. walrus.
roBtungr {-s, -ar), m. walrus.
rot, n. insensibility (from a blow) ;
sld, e-n f r., /6> shm, render senseless by
a blow ; liggja i roti, to lie stunned.
rota, f. heavy rain (l^ann dag var i.
r. mikil ; bseSi hregg ok r.).
rotinn, a. rotten (var y^i. likaminn r.).
rotna (atS), v. to rot ; of hair, to fall
off{v2iX af rotnaS bar ok skegg).
ro, f. rest, cabn, tranquillity ; gefa
ro reidi, to give rest to one's wrath ; 1
ro, at rest, in peace ; mega ser hvergi
ro eiga 1 landi, to feel restless, feel no
rest anywhere ; bi6a ro, to be easy, at
rest (Gunnhildr let J)at seiSa, at Egill
skyldi aldri ro bida a Islandi).
ro (pi. roer), f. small clinch-plate,
burr (on which a nail is clinched).
roa (roe ; reri, reyri, r0ri ; roinn),
V. (i) to row, pull; hann roer ut 1
Bjarneyjar, he rows out to the Bear-
isles ; with the boat in dat. (reru J)eir
skipinu upp 1 d,na) ; (2) to row out to
sea, go fishing, = Y. lit (l)enna morgin
bj6st |j. i. sjo at r.) ; er hann kom J)ar,
voru allir menn ronir nema {>., all the
men had rowed oiit fishing except Th. ;
("i) to rock oneself backwards and for-
wards ; (4) recipr., roast at, to pull
so as to encounter one another, of two
ships in battle.
rotSa, f. rood, crucifix.
rotSi, m. poet. wi7id, tetnpest', Idta
(leggja) e-n fyrir roQa, to cast to the
winds, forsake one.
rotSr (gen. r6(5rar),m. rowing, pull-
ing (hafa bunar arar til r66rar).
rocSra, f. blood, esp. of sacrifice.
rotSrar-, gen. from * roSr' ; -ferja, f.
row-boat ; -hanzki, m. rowing-glove ;
-leitJi, n. rowing-wind-, taka -leiSi,
to take to rowing \ -skip, n., -skuta,
f. ship with oars.
r6t5r-g61tr, m. a kind of war-ram.
rotSu-kross, m. crucifix.
rofa, f. the vertebral part of a tail.
rog, n. (l) slander, calumny (s6g6u
J)at mundu vera r. illra manna) ; bera
e-n f r. vi3 e-n, to slander [calumniate)
one to a person (sd maSr var borinn f
r. vi6 Magnus konung) ; (2) strife,
quarrel ; verSa e-m at rogi, to be the
cause of discord ; leiSa e-n nser rogi,
to lead into feud.
rog-apaldr, m. warrior (poet.) ;
-berari, -beri, m. slanderer, back-
biter ; -girni, f. disposition to slander ;
-mdlmr, m. gold (poet.) ; -msBli, n.
calumny, slander ; -samr, a. slander-
ous ; -semi, f. = -girni.
rogs-ma^r, m. slanderer.
r6g-J)orn, n. sword (poet.).
roi, m. resty repose, pause.
ro-lauss, a. restless (-laust erfiSi) ;
-ligr, a. cabn, quiet ; -lifi, n. life of
ease ; -lyndr, a. calm ofniind,
Rom, n., Roma, f. Rome,
roma, f. poet, battle.
roma (atJ), v. to give assent to by
shouting, approve of (petta rdd var af
ollum vel romat).
Roma-borg, f. the city of Rome;
-riki, n. the Ro7nan e7npire ; -vegr,
m. the road leading to Rome,
R6m-fert5, f. journey {pilgrimage)
to Rome (hann bjost til R6mfer6ar) ;
-ferill, m. a pilgrim to Rome.
romr, m. (i) voice (Gizurr var bli3-
msltr ok mikill romrinn) ; tala me3
litlum romi, to speak in a low voice ;
(2) applause; gora g66an (mikinn)
rom at e-u, to applatid.
Rom-verjar, m. pi. the Romans.
rom-verskr, a. Rotnan.
ror (ro, rott), a. calm^ comfiosed,
ros (pi. -ir), f. 7'ose.
rosta, f. brawl, riot, tumult.
rostast (atS), v. to become scanty,
r6stu-ma(5r, m. rioter ; -mikill, a.
riotous, unruly ; -samligr, a. unruly.
rot (pi. roetr), f. (i) root (var l)ess
van, at illr dvoxtr mundi koma af illri
r.) ; (2) fig. cause, origin (vera e-s r.
or r. undir e-u).
rot, f. the inner part of the roof of a
house, where stores are hung up.
rot, n. commotion, stir.
rota (at5), v. to stir, throw into dis*
order, with dat. ; J)eir rotufiu um koll
taflinu, they upset the chessboard; J)a
rotar karl saman fenu, he sweeps the
money into one heap.
rota-klumba, -kylfa, f. club.
rotar- tr6, n. a tree with the root.
rot-fastr, a. rooted^ fixed; -festa
r6t.IiAuss
[343]
RYDJA
(-sta, -str), V. to root\ refl., -festast,
to take root ; -lauss, rootless, without
root J ; -mikill, a. having a large
root \ -setja, v. to root, plant.
rut5, n. a clearing in a wood^
rudda, f. a coarse kind of club.
ruddu-vetr, m. a severe winter.
rut5ning, f. challenging (of neigh-
bours or judges).
rutSningar-mdl, n. pi. the formula
of a challenge.
rutSu-litill, a., eigi -litill, making no
small clearance (in battle).
rugga (atS), v. to rock (r. bami).
rugl, f. confusion, disturbance.
rugla (a(5), v. to confound, with dat.
ruglan, f. confusion, disttirbance.
run-henda, -bending, f. a fnetre
with end-rhymes', -hendr, a. com-
posed in the tnetre * run-henda *.
runi, m. a wild boar.
rtmnr (-s, -ar), m. bush, shrub.
riinsa (atS), v. to plunder, ransack.
rupl, n. plunder, booty.
rupla (a$), v, {\) to plunder (a per-
son, etc.) ; {i)to take (a thing) by force.
nifinn, a. rough, uncombed.
rug-akr, m. rye-field', -brau6, n.
rye-bread', -bleifr, m. 7ye-loaf.
rugr (gen. -ar), m. rye.
rum, n. (i) room, space (hvergi naer
hafdi t)ar r. 113 Jieirra) ; ii. rums, to
get space ; e-m liggr e-t i miklu rumi,
it is of great concern, importance to
one; {2) place, seat (Egill gekk til
rums j^ess, er dottir jarlsins haffii setit
um daginn) ; (3) bed, = rekkja (sfSan
rannsakaSi hann rumit, er hon hafSi
hvilt 1) ; (4) ' room ' in a ship, one for
each pair of rowers (mikit skip, J)ar
voru sex rum ok tuttugu) ; {$} space
of time ', t>riggja daga r., a space of
three days.
Rum, n. Rome, = Rom.
ruma-tal, n. number of * rooms ' in
a ship (skip I)ritugt at -tali).
Ruma-vegr, m. way to Rojne (kon-
ungr var a -vegi), = Romavegr.
rum-borac5r, pp. * wide - holed ',
coarse (of a sieve) ; -brugtSinn. pp.
very large (-brugdinn hverr) ; -fatt,
a. n. lack of room ; -heilagr, a. ' not
holy') -heilagr dagr, weekday ; -lendi.
n. open land; -lendr, a. roomy, open,
extensive ; -liga, adv. roomily (i {)eirri
holl mdttu -liga sitja fjogur hundrud
manna) ; -ligr, a. spacious, roomy.
rumr (rymri, rymstr), a. (i) roomy ^
ample, spacious^ broad (gatan var eigi
rymri en einn maQr mdtti ri6a senn) ;
(2) roomy, loose (fjoturrinn var r.) ;
neut., rumt, roomily (skipin Mgu rumt
i hofninni).
rum-snara, f. slip-knot ; -stafp, m.
bed-post, a nickname ; -stokkr, m.
bedside ; -saevi, n. open sea.
Rum-verjar, m. pi. the Romans, ==
Romverjar.
luna, f. intimate {female) friend.
runa-kefli, n. rtmic stick ; -mal, n.
the runic alphabet ; -meiatari, m. an
expert in runes.
riinar, f. pi. {i) secret, hidden lore^
wisdom ; of r. heyrSa ek dcema, /
heard them talk of mysteries ; jotna r.,
the mysteries of the giants ; (2) written
characters, runes ; rista r., to engrave
runes (re5 ek I)2er r., er reist pin
systir) ; rista r. i. kefli, to cut runes
on a stick ; (3) magical characters or
signs (hann tok vi6 horninu ok reist
i. r. ok rei6 k bloSinu).
runa-stafr, m. runic character.
runi, m. intimate friend.
ryt5, n. rust; -frakka, f., -frakki, m.
rusty weapon ; -fullr, a. rusty.
ryKga (at5), v. to become rusty.
ryt5ja (ryS, rudda, ruddr), v. if) to
clear, free 1 land)frojn trees (r. markir ;
hann ruddi lond i Haukadal) ; r. gotu
gegnum skog, to clear, open a road
through a forest ; (2) to clear, etnpty ;
r. burit, to etnpty the pantry ; r. skip,
to unload a ship ; r. hofn, to clear the
harbour, leave the haven ; impers.,
hvernig skjott ruddi samnaSinn, how
thefiock dispersed', (3) as a law term,
to challenge ; r. kvi3, dom, to challenge
neighbours, jurors, out of the kviOr,
domr ; (4) with preps., r. e-u i. e-t, to
throw, toss upon (peir ruddu viSinum
d, hurQina) ; r. e-m i brott, to drive
away, sweep off; r. ser til rums, to
make room for oneself', r. sdr til rikis,
to clear the way to a kingdom, obtain
it by conquest ; r. til e-s, to clear the
RYDJAISTDI
[344]
KCEDA
way for a thing, prepare for (ok ruddu
J)eir til likgraptarins) ; r. e-u upp, to
tear up (J)eir ruddu upp jorSu ok
grjoti) ; (5) refl., rySjast um, to clear
vne's way, make great havoc,
ryc5jandi (pi. -endr), m. challenger.
ry^r, m. rttst, = ry6.
rytJugr, a. rttsty^ = rySgaSr.
i^ygr (gen. rygjar, dat. and ace. rygi ;
pi. rygjar), f. lady, housewife (rygr
heitir su kona, er rikust er).
ryk, n. dust.
rykkja (-ta, -tr), v. (i) to pull, Jerk
(hann aetlar at r. honum fram i. stokk-
inn) ; (2) to run (en er hon sdr J)at,
rykkir hon fast undan).
rykkr, m. pull, tug, wrench, jerk.
ryroja (rym, rumda, rum.it), v. to
roar, scream (rymjandi rodd).
rymr, m. roaring, noise ; randa r.,
flatter of shields.
rysking, f. a rough shaking.
ryskja (-ta, -tr), v. to shake roughly ;
refl., ryskjast vio e-n, to scuffle with
one (J)ar myndi ekki J)ykkja vi6 koll-
ottan at r.).
rytja, f. a vile, shabby thing.
rytningr, m. = rytingr.
ryja (ry, ru§a, ruinn), v. to pluck
the wool ^sheep (r. gemlinga).
ryma (-da, -dr), v. {\)to make more
roomy (r. garS sinn) ; r. varShaldit, to
make the confinement less severe ; r.
fyri (viz. ollu folki) veginn, to clear the
way, with dat., r. d, honum fjotrinum,
to loosen his fetter', (2) r. e-u brott,
to drive away, sweep off^= rySja e-u
brott (rymit brott J)ungum harmi af
ySru brjosti) ; r. til e-s, to clear, pre-
pare the way for = rySja til e-s ; (3)
to clear away, break up (J)u skalt r.
fjalir or golfinu) ; (4) to quit, leave ;
r. land, to leave the cotintry, go into
exile ; r. e-t fyrir e-m, to leave [apiace,
seat) that it may be occupied by another
(kallar Skapti, at f>. skyldi r. hofnina
fyrir honum ok leggja or lasginu); (5)
to withdraw, absent oneself {€&.\x\\y. J)er
allir eta her inni, en ek mun r.) ; r.
fyrir e-m, to cede, give up 07ie's place
to one (hann rymdi fyrir herra As-
grimi) ; r. brott, to go away ; (6) refl.,
rymast, to become roojny, widen ; r.
tekr dalrinn, the dale widens ; impers.,
rymist, there is more rootn (ef rymdist
i kirkjunni).
ryna (-da, -t), v. (i) to talk, con-
verse (Jjau roeddu ok ryndu) ; (2) r.
eptir e-u, to pry into.
rynendr, m. ^^X. friends, counsellors.
ryrr, a. poor, weak, insignificant.
ryta (-tti, -tt), v. to grunt, squeal^
of swine (rytandi ok emjandi).
rytingr (-s, -ar), m. dirk, dagger,
raetSi, n. rule, management.
raBt5is-ina(Sr, m. steward, manager.
rsBfr, n. roof, = x)iir, rafr, raf.
raeingi (pi. -jar), m. a good-for-
nothing fellow.
rsBki-ligr, a. to be rejected.
rfflkindi, n. pi. refuse, unclean 7nat-
ter (hann kvazt aldri etit hafa r.).
rfflkja (-ta, -tr), v. to refuse, reject.
raekr, a. rejected, abhorred^ abotnin-
able (r. ok rekinn frd guQi).
rfiBna (-ta, -tr), v. to rob, plunder ^
to deprive (one) of{z. thing).
rsBningi (pi. -jar), m. (i) robber', (2)
vera r. e-s, to be robbed or phmdered
by one (J)u munt vilja vera r. Ljots
sem margir a6rir).
rsBsa (-ta, -tr), v. (i) r. e-t i. hendr
e-m, to bring a charge against one
(eigi var mer l)ess vdn, at ])u mundir
{)etta r. d hendr mer) ; (2) impers.,
rassir draum, a dream proves true^
comes to pass.
rcBsir, m. chief, king (poet.).
rsBsta (-sta, -str), v. to clean, sweep
(konur skulu r. husin ok tjalda) ; r.
(stifldan) IcEk, to clear out a {da?n7ned-
uP) brook.
rasxn, m. knot (tok hann lingarn ok
reid a raexna, sem net er si3an).
roeSa (-dda, -ddr), v. (i) to speak',
X. um e-t, to speak about (konungr
roeddi fdtt um {)essi tidendi fyrir mon-
num) ; r. vi6 e-n, to speak, talk with
one (J)d roeddi Hoskuldrvid Hrut) ; r.
e-t, talk about, discuss (ef pu roeSir
petta mal fyrir konungi) ; (2) refl.,
roe6ast vid, to converse about (hann
sagdi henni ailt J^at, er t)eir hofSu vid
roedst).
roetSa, f. speech, talk (konungr reiddist
mjok vi3 rcedur J)essar).
RCEDl
[345]
GAGA
roetSi, n. oaTy rudder.
roetSir (gen. -is), m. rower,
rcBgja (-tSa, -t5r), v. to slander^ de-
fame ; r. menn saman, to set them by
the ears by slander.
rcBgsla, f. slander, calumny,
rcBki-liga, adv. earnestly, carefully ;
biSjast fyrir -liga, to pray fervently ;
halda -liga, to obsen.>e strictly ; -ligr,
a. true, smcere (-lig iSran).
roekja (-ta, -tr), v. to reck, heed,
take care of; skulu ver r. huSfot vdr,
let us keep to our hamtnocks,
roekt, f. love, affection.
roekta (at5), v. to take care of re-
gard, keep (r. vel tni sina).
rcBktar-leysi, n. negligence.
roBina (-da, -(ir),v. to approve of =
roma (allir rcemdu vel mdl konungs) ;
r. e-t Iitt, to take it coldly (konungr
spyrr, ef J)eir vildi skim taka ; I)eir
roema J)at Iitt).
rceta (-tta, -ttr), v. (i) r. e-t upp, to
root up (r. upp illgresi or gu5s akri) ;
(2) refl., roetast, to take rooty strike
root, = rotfestast.
roS (gen. ratJar, pi. rat5ar, ratSir),
f. row, series.
rodd (gen. raddar, pi. raddir), f.
voice; meS skjdlfandi roddu, tt////i a
trembling {faltering) voice.
roSull (-S, dat. rotSli), m. (l) glory,
halo; (2) sun (poet.).
rogg (gen. roggvar, pi. roggvar), f.
ttft, shagginess (of the fur of a cloak).
rogn, n. pi. the gods, = reg'\n.
rok, n. pi. (i) reason, ground, origin
(nu skal segja, af hverjum rokum
heiSnir menn heldu jol) ; (2) wonder,
marvel ; fom r., great things of yore ;
firrist (imperat.) as forn r. firar, let
bygones be bygones ; stor r., mighty
things, great marvels ; tfva r., the life
and doings of the gods ; J)j66a r.,
origin, creation of manki7id; i aldar
r., at the end of the world ; ragna r.,
see ' ragnarok '.
r0kkva (r0kkr, — , r0kkvit), v. to
grow dark (hann l)or6i hvergi at fara,
Jjegar er r. tok) ; er rwkkvit var, after
nightfall.
rokn, n. pi. ■■ raukn.
rpkr, r0kkr, n. twilight; ragna r.,
the twilight of the gods, the end of
the world =» ragna rok.
i:(^'krSQ.m\.\%9^,2^Av. on good authority;
-samligr, a. reasonable, just, true;
-semd, f. reason, authority ; -stolar,
m. "^X. judgiuent- seats.
rond (pi. randir, rendr), f. (i) rim^
border (rond var or gulli) ; (2) poet.
shield; leggja randir saman, to lay
shield agatjist shield ; reisa r. vi3 e-m,
to raise the shield against one, resist,
withstand ; (3) stripe (dukr med guU-
igum rondum).
rondottr, a. striped, streaked.
rong (gen. rangar, pi. rengr), f.
rib if I a ship.
rosk-leikr, m. briskness, boldness ;
-liga, adv. gallantly, bravely ; -ligr,
a. doughty (var hann allra manna
-ligastr) ; -mannliga, adv. bravely.
roskottr, a. = raskottr (rare).
roskr (ace. r6skvan>, a. vigorous,
doughty, brave (r. maSr).
ro'skvast (a5), v. refl. to ripen, of
fruit ; to grow tip, of man (ok er hann
roskvaSist, fekk konungr honum skip).
roskvi, f. = ro?kleikr.
rost (gen. rastar, pi. raatir), f. a
st7'ong current ifi the sea, race.
rost (gen. rastar, pi. rastir), f. a
distance of four or five miles.
s
saddr, pp. from 'seSja*, = saSr;
vera s. a e-u, to have got enough of.
satSning, f. satiety, fill.
saSr, a. sated, having got one's fill
(s. em ek enn J)ess).
eatSr, a. true, = sannr.
safali, m. sablefur, = safalaskinn.
safi, m. sap of trees (borkr af viSi
ok safi ; ber ok safi).
safiia, safnatSr, j^<?samna, samnaSr.
saga (aS), v. to saw, cut with a
saw (krossinn var sagaSr i sundr).
SAGA
[346]
SAIiT-MADR
saga (gen. sogu, pi. sogur), f. (i)
what is said, statement (md vera, at
sonn s^ s. pin) ; (2) tale, story, history ;
segja, rita sogu, to tell, write a story ;
hann kemr eigi vi3 J)essa sogu, he is
not connected with this ' saga ' ; vera
or sogunni, to be out of the story ;
vera i sogu, to be mentioned in a
story ; sva sem sogur eru til, as the
story goes ; (3) the events which gave
rise to the story ; hann var l)d mjok
hniginn d. efra aldr, er sja saga g0r6ist,
when this came to pass ; (4) tale,
report (eigi veit ek um sogur slikar,
hv^rt satt er).
saga-tenn, f, pi. saw-teeth.
sagna-maSr, -meistari, m. his-
torian ; -skemtan, f. story-telling (at
public meetings, feasts, &c.).
saka (at$), v. to do har7n, scathe
(jarl kva6 Jjat ekki s. mundu) ; impers.,
hvat sem at var gort, sakaSi hann
(ace.) ekki, no rnatter what they did,
no harm ca7ne to hivi ; recipr., at ver
skylim sjalfir um sakast, that we
should inju?'e one another.
saka (ac5), v. to blame, find fault
with ; s. sik um e-t, to blame oneself
for (ekki mun tja at s. sik um orSinn
hlut) ; recipr., sakast um e-t, to bUmie
one another for a thing ; s. saryrSum,
to bandy cutting words.
saka-tocBtr, f. pi. = sak-boetr ; -dolgr,
m. = sokudolgr.
sakatSr, pp. (i) scathed, damaged
(var eitt borQ sakat i skipi J)eirra) ; (2)
guilty (hann er J)vi meirr s. en aSrir
menn, at hann vann d jarli dauSum).
saka-fullr, a. guilty; -lauss, a. =
saklauss ; -laust, adv. without pro-
secution, dropping the prosecution ;
-maSr, m. a man disposed to litigate ;
-ma6r mikill, a great litigant.
sakar, prep, with gen. = sakir.
sakar-atSili, m. the chief party in a
case; -dberi, m. plaintiff, accuser;
-eyrir, m. = sakeyrir ; -gipt, f. * charge-
giving ', charge ; -spell, n. misplead-
ing, by which a suit ?nay be lost ;
-stat5r, m. ground which one has for
suing another, offence (gefa upp -sta6-
inn) ; -soekjandi, va. prosecutor.
sakartoku-vattr, m. a witness to
the handing over of a suit ; -veBtti, n.
witness of the handing over of a suit,
sakar-vandreetSi, n. pi. dispute.
sak-bitinn, pp. guilty ; -boetr, f. pi.
damages, fine (to be paid to the kins-
men of the slain) ; -eyrir, m. fine,
penalty, esp. a fine due to the king ;
-ferli, n. lawsuit, action ; -gSBfinn,
-gaBfr, a. quarrelso?ne, contentious.
sakir, prep, with gen. on account of,
for the sake of, = fyrir sakir e-s (s.
orda konungs).
sak-lauss, a. not guilty, innocent ;
-leysi, n. ( I ) um {or fyrir) -leysi, with-
out due ground, without cause (pat
munu margir msela, at eigi hafi um
-leysi verit) ; (2) innocence ; -matSr,
m.=illvirki ; -metinn, '^'^. current, 2,s
a legal tender for * sakeyrir '.
sakna (atS), v. to miss, feel the loss
of {^i. saknar hann hringsins).
saknat5r (soknutSr), m. sorrow for
a lost thing, feeling of loss.
sakni, m. loss,
sak-naemr, a. liable to a charge^
blamable ; eiga nokkut -nsemt vi6 e-n,
to have a quarrel with one ; -runar,
f. pi. runes of strife ; -sokn, f. action,
lawsuit ; -seell, a. lucky in lawsuits ;
-taka (see taka), v. to convict, =
sekja ; -tal, n. the law as to the penal-
ties (sakeyrir) due to the king.
sal, n, pay?nent, instalment.
sala, f. sale ; hafa (eiga) e-t til solu,
to have on sale, for sale.
sala-kjTini, n. pi. homestead, ho?ne.
sal-drott, f. household-folk, inmates.
salerni, n. privy, =gar3hus, ndShus.
sal-garSr, m. wall; -gaukr, m.,
-gofnir, m. poet, the cock ; -bus, n.
closet, room ; -kona, f. housemaid ;
-kynni, n. pi. = salakynni.
salr (gen. salar, pi. salir, ace. sali),
m. room, hall (skjoldum er s. pakiSr).
salt, n. salt ; leggja sok 1 s., to shelve
a case. Cf. * Eystra-salt.'
salta (atS), v. to salt, pickle (peir
soltufiu fotinn i hvita salti).
saltari, m.. psalter, psalm-book.
salt-brenna, f. salt-burning ; -g0rt$,
f. salt-7naking ; -hola, f. salt-pit ;
-karl, m. salt-burner ; -korn, w. grain
of salt ; -matSr, m. = -karl.
SAIiTR
[347]
SAM-HIjJ6bANDI
aaltr (s61t, salt), a. salt.
salt-steinn, m. salt-stone^ pillar of
salt ; -svit5a, f. = -brenna.
sal-JyotS, f. domestics, = -drott.
sama (samdi, samat), v. to beseem,
befit, become ; e-t samir vel, ilia, it be-
Jits well, ill (mart ferr nu an nan veg en
bezt mundi s.) ; e-m samir e-t vel, ilia,
it becomes one well, ill (ilia samir per
at berjast i moti mer) ; vil ek sj^,
hvernig l)er sami skyrtan, how it Jits
thee ; s. sdr vel, to look well (Hall-
gerdr sat i. palli ok samdi ser vel).
sama-goSr, 2l, fitting, suitable.
saman, adv. together, in cotnmon
(Engey skulumviSeiga baSir s.) ; allr
s., whole, entire (boendr urdu hraeddir
vi6 J)enna atburd allan s.) ; allir s.,
all together ; J)rir, fjorir s., three, four
together; einn s., one alone', smam
s., by degrees ; koflum s., piecei7ieal ;
morgum nxbnxwam.^., in groups', with
a gen. form, til saman s = saman.
saman-drattr, xi\. gatheri?ig ; -eign,
f. conflict ; -leatr, m. collection ; -lim-
ing, f. conglutination ; -lostning, f.
collision ; -samnat5r, m. gathering ;
-setning, f. composition; -skrifa (ao),
V. to compose, w?'ite.
sam-band, n. connexion, league ;
-belt, f. joint pasture ; -bjotSa (see
bjotSa), V. to equal, be equal to ;
-bland, n. mixing together, sexual
intercourse ; -blanda (atS), v. to blend
together, 7ningle ; -blandinn, pp.
blended, mixed', -blasa (see bldsa),
v. to conspire ; -blastr, m. conspiracy.
sam-borgari, m. fellow-citizen.
samborgar-mat^r, m. = samborgari.
sam-borinn, pp. bor?t of the same
parents ; -broSir, m. brother, fellow-
member of a society, esp. oi friars.
samburSar-ol, n. a joint drinking.
sam-buS, f. dwelli?tg together, co-
habitation ; -bygt5, f. = -bu6 ; -baeri-
ligr, a. cojnparable ; -dau(5i, m. death
at the satne ti7ne (man ykkarr -dauSi
verda) ; -doma, a. indecl. of one 7nind;
vera -doma, to agree ; -drdttr, m.
gathering ; -dreginn, pp. lined all
over ; -drykkja, f. symposium, drink-
ing-party, -doegris, adv. within the
same day ; -eiginliga, ad v in cotnmon ;
-eiginligr, -eiginn, a. common',
-eign, f. dealings, conflict, flght ;
-eldi, n. livifig together ; -erfingi,
m. co-heir ; -fagna (at$), v. to rejoice
with another', -fagnaSr, m. rejoicing ;
-fallinn, pp. fitted, meet; -fara, a.
indecl. travelling together ; -fast, adv.
continuously (roum siSan -fast) ; -fastr,
a. fast together, joined, connected',
-fe^ri, a. having the same father
(hon var -feSra vi6 Flosa) ; -f61ag, n.
fellowship, company ; -f61agi, m. co-
partner', -felldr, pp. [i) joined to-
gether, composed; (2) continuous',
-fenginn, pp. whole, entire ; -festi-
liga, adv. jointly ; -festing, i. fasten-
ing together ; -fjorSungs, adv. with-
in the same quarter; -fleytt, adv. (i)
in successio7t, one after another (sjau
daga -fleytt) ; (2) in co77ipany ; fara
-fleytt, to travel together; -fl[ot,n. (i)
sailing together (halda -flot vi6 e-n) ;
(2) a fleet sailing together ; -floti, m.
= -flot ; -fundr, m. meeting, i7iter-
view ; -fylliligr, a. co77iplete ; -foerr,
a. (i) ru7tning along with (skip -fcert
i rodri) ; (2) agreeing; -for, f. esp. in
pi., -farar, (i) travelli7tg together;
(2) marriage ; maela til -fara vi5 konu,
to court a woman ; wedded life (voru,
gerSust -farar J)eira godar) ; (3) in-
tercourse (vinveittar -farar) ; -gangr,
m. ( I ) goi7ig together, intercourse ; (2)
conflict, fight (verSr hardr -gangr d6r
Freyr fellr) ; (3) 7narriage ; g0ra -gang
sinn,/^;«rtrr)/;-gengt,a.n.,eiga-gengt,
to have a com77ion pasture ; -gjarna,
adv. equally willingly; -glet5jast,v.refl.
= -fagna ; -groa (see groa), v. to grow
fast to ; -hald, n. holdifig together,
unity ; -haldinn, pp. co7itinuous ;
-harma (acS), v. to have co77ipassion
on ; -harman, f . co77ipassion ; -heiti,
n. common najrie ; -heldi, n. league,
alliance ; -henda, -bending, f. a metre
in which the rhy77iing syllables are
identical in for7n (as ' vir^a.ndi gefr
vir^um ') ; -h§rat$s, adv. within the
same district', -hlaup, n. concourse,
riot; -hlanpa, a. Ieapi7ig together;
-hlaupast (see hlaupa), v. refl. to
join in a riot ; -hljotSan, f. consonance^
har77iony ; -bIjotSandi, m. consonant;
SAM-HRINGJA
[348]
SAM-REKI
-hringja (-da, -dr), v. to peal with
two or viore bills : -hugi, m. concoT-d,
agreement ; -hugi, a. of one mind,
agreeing : -hvila, f. common bed ;
-hyggja (see hyggja). v.,-hyggja e-m,
to be of one mind with, agree with.
sami. m. (i) reconciliation, — saett ;
koma sama a me6 t)eim, to reconcile
them ; (2) honour {X2l]^^. samasinum) ;
(3) a due (fa sinn sama) ; t)at er ekki
s., at, 'tis not beseeming that.
sam-jafn, a. equal to ; -jafna (a§),
V. to compare ; refl., -jafnast e-m, to
emulate one ; -jafnan, f. comparison
(koma i samjafnan vi5 e-n).
samka ( at5 ), v. to collect, gather^ with
dat. or ace, = samna.
sam-keypi, n. bargain ; -koma, f.
= -kvama ; -kristinn, a. a fellow
Christian ; -krcekja (-ta, -tr), v. to
hook together : fig. to enter into a
quarrel ; -kunda, f. feast, banquet.
samkundu-hus, n. banquet-hall.
sam.-kvdm.a, f. (i) meeting^ assem-
bly ; (2) collision, encounter.
samkvamu-mal, n. (i) discussion,
debate ; (2) stipulation.
sam-kvaeSi, n. consent, esp. gjalda
-kvaeSi vi6 e-u, to give ones consent.
to agree (baSir guldu -kva^Si, at M.
nefndi ser !». 1 VcCtti ) ; -kvas^r, a. con-
cordant (vi6 e-t) ; -kvasmd, f. coinci-
dence, congruity ; -kv8em.iligr, a.
congruous; -kynja, a. indecl. of the
same kind ; -kynnis, adv. at the same
house (-kynnis vi8 e-n) ; -lag, n. (i)
fellowship, partnership (binda, gora
sitt -lag) ; (2) co7nmunity, communion
(i -lagi kristinna manna) ; (3) sexual
intercourse, cohabitation (eiga -lag
vi6 konu) ; -laga (aS), v. to join,
unite ; refl., -lagast e-m, to join one-
self to ; to cohabitate with; -laga, f.
laying of ships together, for battle
(blasa skipum til -logu) ; -landi, m.
fellow-countryman : -leit5, f. the sa??ie
way ; eiga -leiS vi3 e-n, to have the
same way to go ; -lendr, a. living in
thesa?ne country (-lendr e-m, vi6 e-n) ;
ef J)eir vseri -lendir, if they happened to
live in the same country ; -lengd, f.
= jafniengd ; -litr, a. of the same
colour (vi6 e-t) ; -llkja (-ta, -t), v. to
compare ; -likr, a. //yf-^, resembling one
another; -lyndi, f. concord; -lyndr,
a. of one ?nind'. -mdla, a. indecl.
agreeing (vera sattir ok sam-mala) ;
-mdttugr, -mattuligr, a. sharing in
the pozvcr\ -mselast (see rtia5la\ v.
refl. tojix an interview ; -m^last a e-t,
to be of one mind in a matter, to agree
in a thing: -masli, n. agreement;
-moeddr, a. of the same mother;
-moeSri, a. = -moeddr.
samna (aS), v. to gather, collect,
with dat. or ace. (s. monnum, liSi ; s.
samanmikinn her) ; refl., samnast, ^r
s. saman. to gather together, increase.
samnat$ar-herr, m. a gathered host ;
-maSr, m. a jnan of an assefnbly ;
-61, n. = sambur5ar-ol.
samnat5r (gen. -ar), m. {i) gather-
ing, host ; gora samnad, to gather
men ; (2) congregation.
sam-nafai, m. namesake ; -nefndr,
pp. of the same name (e-m) ; -neyta
(-tta, -tt), v. to have intercourse with
(-neyta e-m) ; -neyti, n. commu7iiony
intercourse (kristiligt -neyti) ; -neyt-
ing, f. holding intercourse with.
samning, f. ag-ectnent, treaty,
saranmgar-m.at5r, m. peaceable man.
saniningr, m. reconciliation, agree-
ment ( var upp lesinn sa s.).
sam.-pinast (d), v. refl. to have corn-
passion upon (e-m) ; -pining, f. corn-
passion.
samr (som, samt), a. (i) the same ;
the def. form is used both with and
without the preceding art. (inn, in, it) ;
i sama hiisi. in the same house ; hann
var s. 1 boSum sinum, the same, un-
altered; s\i. for sem samt se, //
turned out the same way ; komast i
samt lag, to get into the same condition
as before ; with dat., the same as ;
kom GuSriin eigi siSan i somu rekkju
Olafi, into the same bed as Olaf\ it
sama, the same, likewise ; (2) agree-
ing, of one mind (t^2Lnx\. var s. um ydra
fer3) ; (3) i samt, continuously, =
samfast (J)rjar nsetr i samt).
sam-ra^a, a. indecl. of one counsel^
united; -ra$it, pp. n.,hafa e-t -raSit,
to be agreed on ; -rei5, f. riding to-
gether ; -reki, m. common shore-
SAM-REKKJA
[349]
SANISTA
drift \ -rekkja (-ta, -ti, v. to share a
bed with (e-m or hja e-m) ; -riddari,
m.. fellow knight ; -rikja (-ta, -t). v. to
rule in conunon with ( e-m) ; -raetSi, n.
(l) concord, confidence ; (2) carnal in-
tercourse (-raeSi vi6 konu) ; -roec5ur, f.
pi. conversation ; -saga, a. indecl.
agreeing ; -sattr, a. concordant ;
-setja (see setja', v. (i) to connect^
join', (2) to compose, of writing ; -set-
ning, f. composition', -sinni, n. (l)
compafiy, fello^uiship ; (2) consent
(veita e-m -sinni j ; -sitSis, adv. besides,
at one's side (e-m) ; -akapa, a. indecl.
of one mind ; -skara 'atSj, v. to join
boards, overlap ; -skipa, a. indecl.
sailing in the sa7ne ship ; -skipti, n.
pi. intercourse, = viSskipti ; -skola,
a. indecl. attending the same school ;
-skoilda, a. indecl. balancing ; pat er
-skulda, it is an e^'en balance.
sams-ma^r, m. = samningarmaSr.
sam-stafa, f. syllable ; -stafan, f. =
-stafa ; -stafligr, a. belonging to a
syllable ; -staf c, a. n. all of otie bur-
den ; -stundiSj adv. at the sa?ne mo-
ment*, -siimars, adv. in the same
summer ; -svaming, f. conspiracy ;
-sa3ti, n. (i) sitting down together;
taka -sasti, to sit down at a feast ; ( 2 •
asse7nbly, entertainment ; i sv^ g65u
-Sceti, in such good conpany.
Bamsaetis-drykkja, f. banquet ;
-menn, m. pi. bench-fellows.
samt, adv. toget her, = sa.m2,n ; allir
s., all together', einn s., alone; i s.,
continuously, uninterruptedly (cf.
*samr') ; kemr pat a samt me3 peim,
at, they come to an agreement that.
sam-tak, n. united ej^ort (hafa -tak
at e-u) ; -tal, n. colloquy, interview ;
-tempra (at5), v. to moderate ; -teng-
ing, f. connexion ; -tengja (-da, -dr),
V. to unite, join ; -tic5a, a. indecl.
contemporary (-ti3a e-m) ; -titSis,
adv. at the same time ; -timis, adv.
= -tiSis ; -tynis, adv. adjoining, in
the neighbourhood of (sitja -tynis vi5
e-n) ; -veldi, n. joint authority, rule ;
-vera, f. living together ; -vinna (see
vinna), v. to co-operate with one
(e-m) ; -virt5a (-rt5a, -rtSr), v. to esti-
mate equal in worth ; -vist, f. (l)
living together (stundlig -vist) ; ('2) of
wedded life, conjugal intercourse
(nytti Hrafn litit af -vistum vi6 hana) ;
-vista, f. = -vist ; -vista, a. indecl,
vera -vista vi6 e-n, to live with one ;
-vistiligr, a. attached; -vit, n. (l)
conscience ; (2) consciousness ; -vit-
and, f. cognizance ; -vitandi, pr. p,
cognizant of, privy to ; -vizka, f. (i)
consciejice; (2) mind, intellect (heill
at -vizku, krankr i likama) ; -vaegja
(-tSa, -t), v. (i) to be of equal weighty
match (e-m) ; (2) to yield mutually ;
-vaerr, a. living in peace together ;
-pingi, a. from the same jurisdiction
or district.
sampingis-go^ar, m. pi. the priests
(gooarj of the same district.
sam-praBll, u\. fellow-slave ; -pykki,
n. concord, consent, assent ; -pykki-
ligr, a. consenting ; -pykkja (-ta, -tr),
y.(i) to consent to, with ace. or dat. ;
-pykkja me3 e-m. to agree with ; (2)
to reconcile I'-pykkja e-t viS e-t) ; (3)
refl., -pykkjast e-t, to consent to ;
-pykkr, a. agreeing, at peace with
one (-pykkr e-m or vi3 e-n) ; -pykt,
f. agreement, consent; -pycSast (see
pyt5ai, V. refl. to associate, agree.
sand-bakki, m. sand-bank ; -bara,
f. sand-wave ; -brekka, f. sandy slope,
sand-ridge ; -fjuk, -fok, n. sand-
drift, drifting sand ; -haf, n. sand-
ocean, desert ; -holl, m. sand-hill;
-hverfa, f. a kind oi flat-fish ; -koma,
{.fall of {volcanic) sand; -kom, n.
graift cf sand; -leit5, f. a way lead-
ing over a stretch of sand ; -laegja,
f. a kind of whale ; -melr, m. sand-
bank ; -mol, f. gravel.
sandr (-s, -ari, m. (i) sand (Au6r
var grafin 1 sand, par sem floeSr gekk
yfiri ; kasta sandi 1 augu e-m, to throw
dust in cne*s eyes ; (2) the sea-shore
(skip kom at sandi) ; (3) in pi. sandy
ground, sand-banks, sands.
sand-sumar, n. sand-summer (from
volcanic eruptions) ; -torfa, f. sandy
sod ; -piifa, f . sand-knoll.
sanna (a5), v. (i) to assert, affirm
fsannaSi annarr, en annarr synjaSi) ;
(2t to make good, prove (s. e-t me5
ei6i, me6 jarteinum) ; s. e-t a e-n, a
SANNA
[350J
SAUBA-JARMR
hendr e-m, to prove a charge against
one (aldri var J)at d mik sannat, at ek
vaeri falsari) ; s. e-n at e-u, to prove
one guilty^ convict one, of something ;
(3) refl., sannast, to prove true, hold
good, turn out (nu mun J)at s., er sag-
da ek J)er) ; Idta e-t i. s., to let it be
proved on oneself, to confess (16t hann
i. s., at hann myndi eigi sjalfr svd mik-
lu orkat hafa).
sanna, f. proof \ only in pi. * son-
nur ' (f^, finna sonnur a sinu mdli).
sannat5ar-niatSr, m. = sannanar-
mafir (hann skal hafa -menn tva).
sannan, f. (i) assertion, confirma-
tion ; {1) proof [f\\ sannanar sins mdls).
sannanar-matSr, m. one who vouch-
es for another's word or oath ;
-mark, n. evidence ; -ort5, n. epithet.
Bann-fregit, -fr6tt, pp. n., hafa
-frett, to have true intelligence of;
-frotSr, a. truly informed, well in-
formed (-froSr um e-t, at e-u) ; -froetS-
ast (dd), v.refl. to be truly informed;
-froetSi, f. true information ; -gjarn,
a. fair, equitable ; -gdfugr, a. truly
noble ; -heilagr, a. truly saintly, un-
doubtedly a saint.
sanninda-mat$r, m. a truthful man ;
-samliga, adv. truthfully ; -sogn, f.
true intelligence.
sannindi, n. pi. (i) truth, verity (ef
hann vill heldr triia lygi en sannind-
um) ; e-t er me6 sannindum, it is
true (biskup tiuSi, at {)at mundi
me6 sannindum, er sagt var frd) ;
fara me6 sannindum, to tell the
truth ; reynast meS sannindum, to
prove true ; me6 sannindum at segja,
to tell the truth ; unna e-m sanninda
um e-t, to give one his due; (2) evi-
dence, proof {^r\g\ onnur s. hafa menn
till l^ess, nema Jjau) ; til sanninda e-s,
um e-t, as a proof of
sann-kallatSr, pp. truly called;
-kenna (-da, -dr), v. (i) to call a
thing by its right name ; (2) -kenna
e-n at e-u, to charge one rightly with,
convict one of; -kenning, f. a kind of
epithet; -kristinn, a. a true Chris-
tian ; -leikr, m. truth, verity; -11 ga,
adv. verily, truly ; -ligr, a. ( i ) likely
to be true, probable ; {^) just, fair, fit,
proper ; -mdll, -mdlugr, a. truthful,
veracious ; -meeli, n. a true speech,
truth ; unna e-m -maelis, to give one
a fair report ; -mseltr, pp. speaking
the truth ; -nefni, n. appropriate
name ; -ortSr, a. truthful, veracious ;
-profa (at5), v. to ascertain,
sannr (sonn, satt), a. (i) true (sonn
saga) ; h6n sagdi f>6r satt fra Geir-
ro6i, she toldThor the truth about G. ;
nu skal ek segja J)er it sanna, now I
will tell thee the truth ; hafa e-t fyrir
satt, to be sure {convinced) of; hafa
sannara, tobein the right {€^2XV.owMn'gx
um segja, hvdrir sannara hafi); g0ra e-t
satt, to make good, prove (hvern veg
g0rir t)u l)at satt) ; s. sem dagr, true
as day, clear as noonday ( = dagsannr ) ;
sonnu sagSr, justly charged; me9
sonnu, at sonnu, in truth, truly ; til
sanns, certainly, jor certain (vita e-t
til sanns) ; (2) meet, proper (vasri l)at
sannara, at i)u vserir drepinn) ; (3) s.
at e-u, convicted of, {proved) guilty
of (s. at sokinni).
sannr, m. (i) truth (vita sann de-u) ;
foera e-m heim sanninn, to tell one the
bitter truth ; {1) fairness ; e-t er naer
sanni, is fair or reasonable ; dstir
fieirra voru at g63um sanni, they loved
each other fittingly ; {'^) estimation;
boeta e-t vi6 goSra manna sann, ac'
cording to the estimate of good men.
sann-reyndr, pp. (i) duly proved;
(2) -reyndr at e-u, convicted of ; -saga,
f. true tale, truth ; -sag^r, pp. truly
said ; -saka^r, pp. convicted, guilty ;
-spar, a. prophesying true ; -spurt,
pp. n.= -fregit ; -syni, f. equity, fair-
ness ; -synn, a. just, impartial ; -saei,
f. = -syni ; -sasr, a. = -synn ; -sogli,
f. truthfulness, veracity; -sogull, a.
truthful, veracious ; -talat, pp. n.
truly said; -vinr, m. true f?'iend;
-vitatSr, pp. known for certain ; -vitr,
a. truly wise ; -vsenn, a. near the
truth, fair ; -yrSi, n. pi. true words.
sau^a-dunr, m. flock of sheep (sem
vargr i -dun) ; -ferS, f. searching for
sheep; -flokkr, m.= -dunr; -hirtJir,
m. shepherd ; -bus, n. sheep-pen,
sheep-fold ; -hvarf, n. disappearance
of sheep ; -jarmr, m. bleating of sheep ;
SAUDA-KLIPPARI
[351]
sAdir
-klippari, m. sheep-shearer \ -kvi, f.
sheep-fold \ -kvo§, f. tax paid in
sheep ; -leit, f. searching for sheep ;
-macSr, m. shepherd \ -rett, f. sheep-
fold ; -sk.iol, n. shelter for sheep ;
-slitr, n. shreds of sheep torn by a
beast of prey ; -taka, f. sheep-stealing ;
-tollr, m. tax paid in sheep ; -fjofr,
m. sheep-stealer,
saut5-fe, n. sheep ; -fellir, m. death
of sheep (from cold) ; -fena(Sr, m. =
-fe ; -gr63, n. pi. crop for sheep ; -bus,
n. sheep-pen ; -lauss, a. sheepless.
sautSr (-ar, -ir), m. sheep.
sautS-reki, m. sheep-driver'^ -vant,
a. n., ver6r -vant, a sheep is missing.
sauma (atS), v. to sew [siXu J)aer par
ok saumudu) ; to make by sewing (s.
e-m klceSi); s. e-t at e-u, to sew tight
round ; kyrtill sva prongr, sem saum-
aQr vaeri at honum, a tunic as tight
as though it were sewn on him.
saum-for, f. a row of nails i?t a
ship's pia7ikin^\ -lauss, a. without
nails (aurskuar saumlausir).
saumr (-s, -ar), m. (i) nails^ esp. of
a ship ; (2) plur., saumar, needle-work^
sewing {i\\]2L at saumum).
saum-sksBri, n. pi. shears^ scissors ;
-stofa, f. sewing-room.
saup, n. butter-milk.
saur-fullr, 21.. filthy, dirty.
saurga (atS), v. to dirty, defile,
pollute (s. vollinn i bl63i).
saurgan, f. pollution, deflement.
saurigr (ace. saurgan), a. filthy^
dirty (hafa hendr mjok saurgar).
saur-kvisl, f. dung-fork, = myki-
kvisl ; -lifnatSr, m. = -lifi ; -ligr, a.
filthy, unclean ; -lifi, n. lewdness,
fornication, lechery, opp. to * hreinlifi '.
saurlifis-kona, f. ha^'lot ; -matSr,
m. unchaste person,fornicator\ -synd,
f. the sin of fornication.
saur-lifr, a. lewd, lecherous ; -maeli,
n. filthy, foul language ; -pyttr, m.
cesspool.
saurr, m. (l) mud (at engi s. stokkvi
af hestum ySrum ok d. konunginn) ;
(2) dit't, excrements ; ausast sauri d,,
to throw dirt at one another.
saurug-liga, adv. in a foul manner \
-ligr, z..foul, unchaste.
saurugr, a. = saurigr.
saur-yrtSi, n. pi. foul words, filthy
language-, cf. ' saurmaeli.'
sautra (a5), v. to suck through the
teeth (s. vatn or lofum).
sax, n. {\)a short, one-edged sword',
(2) plur. SOX, shears = skaeri ; (3) the
gunwale near the firow (Gunnarr
hleypr {jegar a saxit d skip Vandils) ;
esp. in plur., sox, the fo7-epart of a
ship (saer fdll inn um soxin).
saxa (atS), v. to cut with a * sax ', to
chop, hack (s. e-t i sundr).
Saxar, m. pi. Saxons, Gerinans.
Sax-elfr, f. the river Elbe ; -land,
n. Germany.
sax-knifr, m. dagger, dirk.
sax-lenzkr, a., -neskr, a. Saxon,
German (saxneskr hertogi).
sax-oddr, m. the point of a * sax *.
sd (su, {)at), dem. pron. (i) with a
subst. that (sd maSr, su kona) ; sa
maQr, er Soti heitir, that {or the) man
who is named S. ; with the suff. art. ;
su ein er sagan eptir, er ek J)ori eigi
t)er at segja, that story alone is left
which I dare not tell thee ; (2) such
(var6 sd fundr Jjeirra, at Egill felldi
tva menn) ; vil ek ok t)at vita, hvdrt
nokkurr er sd h^r, at, whether there
be any {such) man here, who ; (3) pre-
ceding the art. with an adj. ; si. inn
ungi maQr, that young man ; hyrnan
su in fremri, the upper horn of the
axe ; sometimes leaving out the art.
(sa ungi ma6r ; d pvi sama J)ingi) ;
(4) without subst., almost as a pers.
pron. ; maSr la skamt ixi. honum, ok
var sd eigi litill, and he was no small
man ; J)ar riSr maSr, sd hefir skjold
mikinn, he has a large shield; with
the relative part. ; sa er saell, er he
is lucky, that.
sd (sae or sdi, sera or s0ra, later
satSa; sdinn, later saSr), v.{i) to sow,
with dat. (sd korni) ; (2) to sow, stock
with seed, with ace. (flestir boendr seru
jarSir sinar) ; (3) fig. to throw broad-
cast, scatter, with dat. (sd gulli, silfri).
sdcS, n. seed, corn, crop.
satSa-hleifr, m. bran loaf.
sdtSir, f. pi. bran ; hleifr prunginn
sl6um, a loaf mixed with bran.
SAD-JdRD
[352]
SEDJA
sdS-j6r5, f. sown land\ -korn, n.
seed-corn ; -land, n. sown land ;
-plogr, m. ploughing for seed ; -tit5,
f. sowing seasojt.
sdt5ugr, 2,. full of bran.
sdl (pi. -ir), f., sdla, f. souL
sdlaSr, pp. departed, dead.
sdlast (atS), V. refl. /(? depart, die.
sdld, n. (i) sieve, riddle (rumborat
s.) ; (2) a measure (J)riggja salda 61).
sdlma-skdld, n. psalmist, hyjnn-
writer ; -songr, m. hymn-singing,
salmr (-s, -ar), m. psalm, hymn.
salu-bann, n. perdition of the soul ;
-bati, m., -bot, f. {\)the souTs health ;
(2) prosperity, welfare ; -but5, f. =
-hus ; -eldar, m. pi. funeral fires ;
-f§lag, n. spiritual co7nmu7iion.
sdlugr, a. wretched, poor.
salu-hdski, m. soul's da?jger, perdi-
tion ; -bjdlp, f. salvation ; -hiis, n.
hospital ; -messa, f. mass for the dead,
requiem ; -skatSi, m. scathe to one^s
soul, perdition ; -tiSir, f. pi. = -messa ;
-tjon, n. = -skaQi ; -J)arfl.igr, a. use-
ful for the soul ; -J)urft, -J)orf, f. the
souls need.
sdm-leitr, sdmr, 3.. swarthy, blackish.
sar (saa, sair), m. large cask.
sar, n. wound (liggja i s^rum).
sara-far, n. state or nature of wounds ;
-fuUr, a. full of sores ; -logr, m.
blood \ -menn, m. pi. = sarir menn.
sdran, adv. sorely, bitterly (grata s.).
sar-beittr, a. very keen ; -dropi, m.
poet, blood ; -eggjatSr, a. = -beittr ;
-lieitr, a. very hot.
sdrindi, n. pi. soreness, pain.
s r-keyptr, pp. dear-bought ; mun
ySr verda -keypt vi5 hann at ^\%di,ye
will find it a dear bargain to deal with
him ; -leikr, m. soreness, paift ; -liga,
adv. sorely, painfully ; leika s^rliga,
to handle roughly ; -ligr, a. painful.
sdrna (aS), v. to become pai?jful.
sar-or$r, a. using cutting words.
sdrr, a. (i) wounded (litt s., mjok s.,
s. til ulifis) ; (2) sorey painficl (sarar
pislir) ; s^rt, as adv. sorely, painfully
(sart bitr soltin lus) ; sdrt ertu leikinn,
thou hast been sorely treated ; menn
hofSu s^rt (= ilia) haldit fraendum
sinum, they had sore losses atnong
their kinsmen ; honum er s. matr, it
pains him to part with the meat.
sdrs-auki, m. smart, pain (kenna
-auka) ; -brtin, f. edge of a wound.
sdr-vitr (pi. -vitr), f. poet, valkyrie.
sdr-yrt5i, n. pi. cutting words.
sdt, f. ambush, = fyrirsat.
sdta, {.hay-cock, truss of hay.
satt, f. settlement, covenant, agree-
7nent,= sastt (eigi munu t^eir rjufa ^i.
s., er ek g0ri).
sdtta-leyfi, -lof, n. a licence to make
an agreement.
sdttan, f. agreement, = sdtt.
sdttar-botS, n. an offer of terms ;
-domr, m. court of arbitration ;
-eiSr, m. an oath taken at a * sdtt ' ;
-fundr, m. peace-tneeting; -gritJ, n.
pi. truce ; -g0rt5, f. agreetnent, peace-
transactions ; -hald, n. the keeping of
an agreement', -matSr, m. peace-
maker, umpire ; -mark, -merki, n.
token of peace ; -stefna, f. = -fundr.
satta-umleitan, f. endeavours to
bring about peace, mediation ; -vandr,
a. particular as to tenuis.
satt-band, n. treaty, covenant',
-fuse, -gjarn, a. willing to come to
terms, conciliatory ; -gjarnl'ga, adv.
in a conciliatory way ; -gjarnligr, a.
conciliatory, placable', -mdl, n. (l)
words of reconciliation (bera -mal
milli manna) ; (2) agreement, cove-
nant ; -radii, m. covenant.
sdttin.als-buc5, f. the covenant-booth,
Tabernacle ; -log, n. pi. the prescrip-
tions of the covenant ; -mark, n. =
sdttarmark ; -ork, f. the ark of the
covenant.
sattr, a. reconciled, at peace ; verSa
s. a {or um) e-t, at e-u, to agree on ;
ui 6u allir i. {jat sattir, at engi vseri bans
jafningi, all were agreed that no man
was his match.
satt-rof, n. breach of an agreement 'y
-vandr, a. = sattavandr ; -varr, a.
careful as to the keeping of an agree*
7nent ; -vasnligr, a. pro7nisifig in
respect of an agree7nent.
se (imperat. from 'sja*), interj. see!
look ! (se nii, seggir).
8et5ja (sets, sadda, saddr), v. to
satiate, satisfy (s. e-n i. e-u, af e-u) ;
SEP
[353]
SEIGR
refl., seSjast d e-u, af e-u, fo eat one's
fill of a thing. Cf. ' saddr'.
sef, n. sedge^ rush.
sefa (atS), \.to soothe^ appease^ calm
(ef hann fasr ei«:^i sefat hana) ; refl.,
sefast, to be soothed ^ appeased, of
anger (gekk af honum moSrinn ok
sefaSist hann).
sefaSr, pp. propitious (drottinn se
honum jafnan s.).
sefi, m. poet, (i) mind, affection
(sorgmoSr s.) ; (2) kinsman.
sef-tjorn, f. sedge-tarn ; -visk, n.
sedge-wisp.
seggr (pi. -ir, gen. -ja), m. poet. man.
segi or sigi, m. slice, strip, shred
(skera e-t f sega).
segja (segi, sagt^a, sag^r), v. (i) to
say, tell (seg Jdu m^r t)at, er ek spyr
J)ik) ; t)eir sog3u, at peir skyldu aldri
upp gefast, they said they would never
yield ; s. e-m leiS, to tell the way, esp.
on the sea, to pilot \ s. tiSendi, to tell
7iews ; impers. it is told (h^r segir
fra Bimi bunu) ; sem d6r sag5i, as was
told before ; segjandaerallt vin sinum,
all can be told to a friend ; {1) to say,
declare, in an oath ; ek segi t)at gu6i
(^si), I declare to God {to the 'Ass ') ;
(3) law phrases ; s. sik i J)ing, log, to
declare oneself 7ne7nber of a community,
s. sik or l^ingi, Idgum, to declare one-
self out of, withdraw froin, a com-
munity ; s. skilit vi3 konu, to declare
oneself separated frofn, divorce, one's
wife\ s. fram sok, to declare one's
case ; s. log, to recite the law, of the
'logsogumaSr' ; (4) to signify, mean
(l)etta segir svd) ; (5) with preps., s.
e-n af e-u, to declare one off a thing,
take itfro?n him ; s. e-t d e-n, to im-
pose on (boeta at {)eim hluta, sem
log segSi a hann) ; to announce (s. k
reiSi, usatt sina) ; s. eptir e-m, to tell
tales of one ; s. frd e-u, to tell, relate ;
Unnr, er ek sagSa t)er frd, U.ofwho7n
I told thee ; s. fyrir e-u, to prescribe
(sv4 var me6 ollu farit, sem hann haf-
di fyrir sagt) ; s. fyrir skipi, to bid God'
speed to a ship ; s. e-t fyrir, to predict,
foretell (s. fyrir uordna hluti) ; s. e-u
sundr, f sundr, to break up, dissolve (s.
sundr fridi, frasndsemi, hjiiskap) ; s.
ICEL. DICT.
til e-s, to tell, inform t?/ (seg it honum
ekki til,hvat ^tx hafit gort vi6 hrossit);
s. til nafns sins, s, til sin, to tell {give)
one's name; s. upp ^-\., to pronounce
(s. upp dom, g0rc3) ; s. upp log, to pro-
claim the law (from the law-hill) ; s.
e-n upp, to give one up ; s. upp e-u, to
declare at an end{s. upp friSi, grifium);
s. upp J)j6nustu vi5 e-n, to leave one's
service ; (6) refl., segjast, to declare of
oneself; hannsagSist '^k\2k.?i,he said
that he was awake ; kristnir menn ok
heiQnir sogSust hvdrir or logum an-
narra, they declared themselves each
out of the other's laws ; lata (ser) seg-
jast, to let oneself be spoketi to, listen
to reason; impers., e-m segist sva,
one's tale runs so.
segjands-saga, f. a hearsay tale.
segi, n. sail ; draga, vinda (upp) s.,
to hoist sail ; leggja (ofan) s., to take
in sail ; hlaSa seglum, to furl the sails.
segl-bot, f. sail-mettding; -buinn,
pp. ' sail-boun\ ready to sail; -laun,
n. pi. return {payment) for a sail ;
-marr, m. poet. ^ sail-steed\ ship ;
-rd, f. sail-yard; -reitSi, m. sail-rig-
ging ; -toekr, 2,. fit for sailing (-toekt
veOr) ; -vit5r, m. ' sail-tree ', spar^
yard ; -vigg, n. poet. = -marr.
seiSa (-dda, -ddr), v. to enchant by
a spell ; s. sei3, to work a spell.
seitS-berendr, m. pi. sorcerers ; -gal-
dr, m. enchantment by spells ; -hjallr,
m. incantation-scaffold ; -kona, f. sor-
ceress, witch ; -laeti, n. pi. the sounds
heard during the incantation ; -matSr,
m. enchanter, wizard ; -magnan, f.
the working of a spell.
sei(5r (gen. eeitSs or sei^ar), m.
spell, charm, enchantment, incanta-
tion ; seida (efla, magna) seiS, to work
a spell, practise sorcery.
sei5-skratti, m. wizard,
seitSsla, f. = seiSmagnan.
seit5-stac5r, m. the place where a spell
is worked ; -stafr, m. enchanter's
wand; -villa, f. spells to counteract
witchcraft (rista -villur).
seig-liga, adv. slowly.
seigr, a. (i) tough, viscid (seigt Ifm) ;
(2) stubborn (s. a. sitt m^l) ; {i) diffi-
cult (seigt mun veita at kristna Island)
Aa
SEIIi
[354]
SELJA
seil, f. string, line ; koma i. s. e-m,
to be carried alo?ig by one.
seila-mottull, m. = tugla-mottull.
seilast (d), v. refl. to stretch out Okie's
hand (f>6rr seildist svd langt upp, sem
hann m^tti lengst) ; s. eptir e-u, til
e-s, to try to get hold of a thing ; fig.
to seek far for a thing (s. til soemdar i
hendr e-m) ; s. i. e-t, to e?icroach on
(s. i. gu6s, krununnar, rett).
selling, f . seeking for a thing.
setmr, m. ( i ) honey-comb ; (2) poet.
gold^ riches (rautt gull er s.).
sein, n. ?, delay ; lata eigi s. at sdr,
to 7nake haste.
seina (aS), v. to delay ; |3a mun of
seinat, theft it will be too late ; sva at
eigi verSi seinat, lest it be too late.
sein-buinn, pp. * late-boun ', slow
in getting ready, = sidbuinn ; -foerr,
a. slow, tardy, slow at work ; difficult
to pass (brii var a Alpta, ok var -foert
yfir) ; -gorr, a. sloiv-growing (-gorr i
uppvexti) ; -heppiligr, a. slow to
advance oneself slow-growing.
seinka (aS), v. /^^<?/«y, with ace. or
dat. (s. gonguna, s. forinni), or inf. (s.
at fylgja e-m) ; refl., seinkast, to be
delayed (mjok JJotti s. atlagan).
seinkan, f. hindrance, delay.
sein-latr, a. slow, tardy, dilatory ;
-liga, adv. slowly, indifferently, re-
luctantly (taka e-u -liga, taka -liga
undir e-t) ; -ligr, a. slozv, dull, reluc-
taftt ; -laati, n. slowness, dullness.
seinn (compar. seinni, superl.
seinstr, later seinastr), a. (i) slow.
opp. to ' skjotr ' (s. a foeti) ; seinir til
at muna ord sin, slow to remember
{ftilfil) their words {promise) ; neut.,
seint, as adv. slowly ; fara s., to go at
a slow pace ; taka e-u s., to take it
slowly, coldly (= taka e-u seinliga) ;
(2) late (forum til skipa ok ver6um
eigi of seinir) ; Sveinn var seinst
buinn, S. was the last to get ready.
sein-tala^r, pp. slow of speech ;
-]3reyttr, pp. slow to be moved',
-^reyttr til vandr2e3a,j/(?Z£/ to be drawft
into quarrels.
seizla, f. = seiSsIa, seiQmagnan.
sekja (-ta, -tr), \.{i)to sentence to a
fijie, = g0ra e-n sekjan ; esp. to sen-
tence one to outlawry ; (2) refl., sek-
jast, to be liable to a penalty.
sekka (aS), v. to pack up (s. voru).
sekkr (gen. -jar, pi. -ar or -ir), m.
(i) sack, bag', (2) package, truss, in
a merchant ship.
sekr (ace. sekan or sekjan), a. (i)
guilty ; lata I)ann undan setja, er s.
er, to let him escape who is guilty ; s.
e-s or um e-t, guilty of', (2) convicted,
outlawed, cofidemned to outlawry
(g0ra e-n sekjan, ver6a s. um e-t) ;
s. skogarmadr, fjorbaugsmadr, con-
victed outlaw ; (3) sentenced to pay,
7nulcted in (verSr hann s. um {)at
{)rem morkum) ; (4) forfeited; tel ek
sekt fe bans allt, / say that all his
goods are forfeited.
sekt, f. (i) guilt (lifandi gu3 fyrir-
Idti mer mina s.) ; (2) penalty ; full s.,
the highest penalty of the law, for-
feiture of goods and outlawry (lysa
til sektar fullrar 4 bond e-m) ; (3)
fifie, 7nulct (t)riggja marka s.).
sektar-domr, m. conviction, sen-
tence of outlawry ; -fe, n. goods, pro-
perty of an outlaw (skogarmaSr,
fjorbaugsmadr), which was confis-
cated, one half to the community
(fjordungsmenn), the other half to the
prosecutor ; -lauas, a. free, uncou'
victed ; -laust, adv. with impunity ;
-mark, n. ( i ) brand or mark of guilt ;
(2) pi. the marks by which to know
the person of an outlaw ; -umagi, m.
the destitute dependant of an outlaw.
sel (gen. pi. selja), n. shed on a
mountain pasture (where the milk-
cows are kept in the summer months).
sela-bdtr, m. a boat for seal-catching,
seal-boat ; -hiiSir, f. pi. seal-skitis ;
-not, f. seal-net', -kyn, n. species of
seal ; -skinn, n. pi. == -hu6ir.
sel-belgr, m. seal-skin (not cut up).
sel-dyrr, f. pi. door of a ' sel '.
sel-feitr, a., fat as a seal (stoShestr
-feitr) ; -fita, f. seal's fat.
sel-for, f. the keeping of cattle at a
' sel ' ; -g0rt5, f. erection of a^ se\ \
sel-h^rr, a. covered with seal's hair.
sell (and sili), m. harness.
8e]ja (sel, selda, seldr), v. (i) to
hand over, deliver-, s. e-m e-t (Asta
SELJA
[355]
SENDA
«elr honum sverfiit) ; s. e-t i hendr
e-m, fo make over to 07ie (hann seldi
buit i hendr {>orsteini) ; s. vdpn or
hendi ser, to give up {deliver) one's
weapons ; s. e-t fram, to deliver up ;
s. e-m e-t til varSveizlu, to commit to
another's keeping (Jjer skulut nu selja
mer til varQveizlu vapn ydur) ; hann
kvazt hvdrki vildu s. grid ne taka, he
said that he would neither give nor
receive pardon ; s. e-m laun, to give
reward^ pay ; s. fd at Idni, to le?td
jHoney ; s. a leigu, to put out at in-
terest ; s. 4 frest, to give on credit ;
(2) to sell, part with (hann seldi land
sitt) ; s. e-t vi6 litlu (miklu) ver6i, to
sell for a sjnall {great) sum ; s. man-
sali, to sell into bondage ; ^6\X\ J)eim
konungr ut seldr, a done man {=■ fram
seldr) ; (3) refl., seljast, to give one-
self up (s. arfsali) ; s. ut, to turn out \
aldri mun J)at vel ut s., it will never
go well.
selja, f. sallow, willow.
seljandi (pi. -endr), m. one who
hands over ; seller, vendor.
seljari, m. seller.
sel-manaSr, m. the month in which
milk cattle are reinoved to the ' sel '.
sel-net, n. seal-net \ -noatr, f. pi.
see sela-not.
selr (-S, -ar), m. seal (syndr sems.).
sels-dyrr, f. pi. door of a ' sel '.
sel3-eista, f. a seal's testicle.
sel-skinn, n. seal's skin.
selskinns-broekr, f. pL, -stakkr, m.
sealskin breeches, cloak.
sel-skutill, m. seal-harpoon', -tjara,
f. tar fro7n seal-fat ; -veitSr, f. seal
catchifii
•ver, n. a place where seals
are cattght.
sem, as a conj. {\) as (rauSr s. bl63,
folr s. gras) ; sva s., so as (sv4 s. fyrr
var ritit) ; slikr s., such as (slikr ma3r
s. Ljotrerj ; (2) ellipt. = sva s. (svaela
e-n inni s. melrakka 1 greni) ; hann
kom, s. hann hafdi heitit, as he had
promised', dugdi hverr, s. matti, every
one did as he could, did his best ; (3)
with superl,, s, skjotast, s. fyrst, as
soon as possible ; {)eir hleyptu ut d
Skapta s. mest mattu t)eir, as fast as
they could; (4) with subj., as z/'(J)eir
voru allir meS vdpnum sem til bar-
daga vaeri bunir) ; (5) temp, as, when
(sem hringdi til aptansbngs, vildi
konungr ganga) ; (6) as a relat. part.,
who, which, that, = er, es (eptir
t)etta, sem mi var getit) ; (7) after
adverbs, t)ar s., where ; J)angat s.,
whither', J)a5an s., whence (muntu
t)ar Jjykkja somamadr sem J)u kemr) ;
hvar s. hann kom, wheresoever he
ca7ne ; (8) J)ar s., whereas (JDu g0rir
t)ik goSan J)ar sem J)u hehr bae6i verit
J)j6fr ok rasningi).
semja (sem, samda, samiSr and
samdr), v. (i) to shape, cojnpose,
arrange', to bring to^ or put into,
order-, s. hlj65fcEri, to time ijistru-
7nents', s. sastt, to 7nake peace (fyrr en
sasttin vasri sami5) ; (2) to agree on,
settle (engir hlutir skyldi j)eir til
ver6a, at eigi semdi J)eir sjaifir) ; s.
vi3 e-n, to treat with 07ie (Hrutr
kvazt at visu vilja s. vid Hoskuld) ;
(3) impers., e-m semr e-t, 07ie agrees
to a thing', hvdrt sem t)eim semdi
e6a eigi, whether they ca77te to tertns
or not ; (4) to refor77i, tnend, put
right', konungr boetti trii J)eirra ok
samdi si6u, the king7nended, reformed
their faith a7id 77ianmrs ; hefir fni nu
heldr samit J)ik or {)vi sem var, thou
hast rather improved thyself; setja
ok s. dramb e-s, to co77ipose and set
down o?ie s pride ; s. sik eptir e-u, to
adapt ofteself to, confor77i 07ieself to
(hefir J)u samit J)ik mjok eptir siSvenju
utlendra manna) ; at {)eir semdi sina
frasndsemi eptir {)vi sem vera setti,
that they should restore their relation-
ship to a proper footiti^; (5) reflex.,
semjast, to be settled, agreed on ({jat
mal samdist a Jja lei5, at) ; e-t semst
me3 e-m, it is agreed on between the7?z
(samdist J^etta me6 J)eim); impers.
(selja man ek yngra sveininn, sem
okkr semst) ; s. e-u, to take to (sam-
dist hon meirr skildi ok sverSi en vi5
sauma ok borSa).
sem-sveinar, m. pi. ' Fin7iish ' tnes-
se7igers (so called by themselves).
sen, n. sentence (langt s., myrkt s.).
senda (-nda, -ndr), v. (i) to sendy
dispatch (ek vil s. t>ik til Vikrinnar) ;
SENDI-BOD
[356]
SETJA
maSr var sendr Gizuri hvita, a man
was sent to G, the white ; s. eptir
e-m, to send for ; (2) to sendy throw ^
cast (s. spjot, s. skeytin aptr) ; (3)
recipr., sendast e-t a, s. e-t 1 milli, to
interchange, send to one another (dSr
hof3u J)eir senzt or3 1 milli).
sendi-bo5, n message ; -bo5i, m.
messenger ; -f6, n. presents sent ;
-fer c5, -for, f. mission, tnessage, errand
(fara -for) ; -ligr, a. Jit to be sent ;
-mat^r, m. ?nessenger.
sending (pi. -ar), f. (i) message, =
orSsending ; (2) gift, present sent ;
senda konungi vingjafar, hauka, hesta,
tjold, segl, eSa a3ra J)d hluti, er send-
ingar eru, which are fit for presents ;
(3) dish, course (eptir pat bjuggust
menn til bor6a; Jjvi naest koniu inn
sendingar, i fyrstu heitt kjot).
sendinn, a. sandy (from 'sandr').
sendi-pistill, m. epistle^ letter',
-skip, n. dispatch-boat.
sendlingr, m. purple sandpiper.
senn, adv. at the same time, at a tii7ie
(letu J)eir einn jarl s. vera i landinu) ;
allir s., all at otice', also, i s. (einn,
margir, allir i s.).
senna (-ta, -t), v. (i) to chatter,
talk ; (2) to bandy words (s. vi6 e-n).
senna, f. gibing, bickering.
senni-liga. adv. verily, = sannliga.
s6r, refl. pron. dat. (i) for oneself,
separately, singly (for Eyjolfr einn s.) ;
eitt er pat s., that is a thing by itself-,
(2) in a distributive sense, s. hverr, s.
hvdrr, each by hiifiself, each separately ;
ef s. ferr hverr v^rr, if each of us
goes by hijnself', stundum bddir samt,
stundum s. hvdrr peirra, sometimes
each of them singly ; pat li3, er honum
fylgSi, Ayr s. hvat, in all direct io7ts,
sertSa (sertS, sart$, sorc5inn), v, to
have intercourse with (esp. a male).
s6r-deilis, adv. particularly, espe-
cially ; -hvarr, -hverr, a., see ' s^r ' (2).
Serkir (gen. Serkja), m. pi. the
Saracens ; Assyrians, Persians, etc.
Serk-land, n. the land of the Sara-
cens, esp. used of northern Africa.
serkr (pi. -ir), m. (i) sark, shirt (pu
skalt fara i serk minn) ; hafa dreng 1
serk, to have a man inside one's shirty
to be bold and courageous ; hamarrinn
var sva litill, at hafa m^tti i serk ser,
that one could conceal it in one's
bosom ; (2) a certain number of skins.
s6r-liga, adv. (i) apart (hafdi hon
s^rliga herbergi innan-borgar) ; (2)
exactly (Einarr kva6 |>orstein eigi
dau3an hafa verit s^rliga) ; -ligr, a.
particular, special.
sess (pi. -ar), m. seat ; hann var har
1 sessi, he was tall when seated ; vera
kominn 1 vandan s., to be in a diffi,ctdt
situation.
sessi, m. be7ich-7nate.
sess-megir. m. pi. (poet.) bench-
mates ; -meiSr, m. seat-beam.
sessu-nautr (-s, -ar), m.= sessi.
set, n. a raised deal-floor or plat-
forin along the side-walls of an ancient
hall (eldaskali), used as a sitting- and
sleeping-place by the household.
seta, f. (i) sitting (nu var6 setan
long) ; hvat merkir s. sji, what means
this sitting still f ; (2) seat = sess
(hann var har i setunni) ; bj63a buum
1 setu, to call on the neighbours to take
their seats; {"^ body of men (assembled
for defence) ; eptir pat hof6u hvarir-
tveggja setu, after that both kept men
assettibled.
seta-skali, m. sitting-room,
set-berg, n. a seat-formed rock.
setgeira-broekr, f. pi. breeches with
gores itt the seat.
set-geiri, m. seat-gore (in a pair of
man's breeches).
setja (set, setta, settr), v. (i) to
seat, set, place, put (hann setti
sveininn f kne konungi ; hon var i
haug sett) ; s. e-n inn, to put in
prison ; s. inn fenaS, svi'n, hross, to
Pen up, take in ; s. dom, to set a court ;
s. tjold, herbuSir, to set up tents ; 3.
grundvoll til kirkju, to lay the founda-
tion of; s. bord, to set up tables; s.
e-m gisla, to give one hostages ; (2) to
drive (hann setti 0xina 1 hofuS
honum) ; (3) to make, establish (s. log,
fri3, gri3) ; s. ra6, rd,6ag0rd, to set on
foot {contrive) a plan, plot (bidu peir
hann s. a6ra r^5ag0r6) ; s. e-m torg,
markad, to set up a market ; (4) /d
order y prescribe (s. e-m skript) ; s.
SETJA
[357]
SETTI
e-m dag, stefnu, to fix a day for one
to appear ; (5) with dat., s. e-u, to settle
(s. mdli) ; (6) to appoint (hann setti
Guthorm son sinn til landvarnar) ;
(7) to allay {si. dau5i mun s. mina
Slit) ; (8) s. e-t e-u or me5 e-u, to sety
inlay (hann let g0ra gullkalcik ok s.
gimsteinum) ; to embroider (seglit var
sett me6 fogrum skriptum) ; (9) in-
trans., to set off (hann lagdi halann i.
bak ser ok setti 1 burtu) ; s. undan, to
escape \ (10) impers. it settles \ J)egar
er niSr setti moldrykit (ace), when
the dust settled \ jarl (ace.) setti svd
rau5an sem bl65 (dreyrrauQan), the
earl turned red as blood \ J)4 setti at
honum hosta, a fit of coughing seized
hifn ; pd setr at henni grat mikinn,
she bursts into tears ; ( 1 1 ) with preps,
and advs. ; s. e-n af kirkju, to put out
of the churchy excommunicate ; s. e-n
af riki, to depose one ; s. e-n af lift, af
sinni eign, to deprive one of life^ of
one's property ; s. e-n aptr, hold one
back, check (hann setti pd harSliga
aptr, er d f>rain leituSu) ; s. at e-m, to
attack ; s. e-t i. skra, to enter, set in
a scroll ; s. i. sik hjalm, to put on a
hebnet'y s. i., to push (H. ba6 Ketil
ganga fyrir skut ok s. d) ; s. e-n eptir,
to leave otie behind \ s. fram skip, to
launch a ship ; s. e-t fyrir, to prescribe
(eptir fyrir-settri skipan) ; s. ^vert nei
fyrir, to deny flatly (f>yri setti {)vert
nei fyrir, at hon myndi giptast goml-
um iconungi) ; s. e-n 1 tjotur, bond,
to put in fetters ; hann hafSi sett spjot
i vollinn hjd sdr, he had stuck his
spear in the ground beside him ; s. e-n
niQr, to make one sit down, put one
down (H. {)reif til bans ok setti hann
niSr hjd ser) ; s. ni(5r Ilk, to lay a
corpse in earth, bury it', s. nidr mil,
deilu, vandrseSi, to settle it', s. e-t
saman, to put together, set up (s. bu
saman) ; to compose^ write (eptir
bokum jjeim, er Snorri setti saman) ;
s. e-n til bokar, to set one to learn ;
s. e-n til rikis, to put one on the throne ;
s. upp, to raise, erect, put up (s. upp
skur6go6) ; s. upp segl, to hoist sail ;
s. upp boga, to bend a bow ; s. skip
upp, to draw a ship up, ashore ; s.
skip ut, to launch, = s. skip fram ; s.
e-t vi5 e-u, to set against (})at J)6tti
hofSingjum ofrausn ok settu mjok hug
sinn vi6) ; to bet (ek set vi9 hundraS
marka silfrs, at hann ri3r mik eigi af
baki) ; s. e-n yfir e-t, to put one over,
at the head of (H. konungr setti
Eystein jarl yfir Vestfold) ; (12) refl.,
setjast, to seat oneself, take a seat ; s.
nidr, to sit down (peir settust ni6r d
vollinn) ; s. d tal vi6 e-n, to sit down
to talk with a person ; to take up one's
abode (for hann 1 Odda oksettist J)ar) ;
s. um kyrrt, to settle oneself to rest ;
s. at f riki sinu, to settle in one's king-
dojn ; s. aptr af brottferSinni, to desist
from the journey ; s. eptir, to remain
behind ; ek hefi her upp sezt at ^€x, I
have taken up tny abode with thee ; s.
fyrir, to withstand, oppose ; s. fyrir
e-t, to put oneself at the head of, take
in one's hand (sf3an setti st Sturla
fyrir mdl J)eirra) ; s. hjd e-u, not to
meddle with, take no part in (settist
Sturla hjd ollum vandraeQum, er J)ar af
gerSust) ; s. um borg, to lay siege to
a town ; s. upp, /<? raise OTieself to a
sitting posture', s. yfir e-t, to seize
upon (mi setjast J)eir yfir sta5inn ok
alia staOarins eign) ; of the sun, set-
jast, to set, go down (pat er vi6a i. t)vi
landi, at sol sezt eigi um nastr) ; dagr
sezt, the day ends ; s61u (degi) er sett,
the sun (day) has set.
set-ligr, a. due, fit, proper.
setna (a(5), v. to settle, subside.
setning (pl.-ar), f. (i) position, site ;
s. hussins, the plan of the hoicse ;
(2) order y arrangement ; hver er s.
hattanna, what is the co?nposition of
the metres ; (3) order, rule, rite (bera
jarn eptir rettri setningu) ; manna s.,
human rule ; af setningu, according
to apian.
setningr, m. set purpose^ design.
setr, n. (i) seat, residence (auQigra
manna s.) ; (2) setting, of the sun (sol
at setri komin) ; (3) = ssetr, jnountain
pastures, dairy lands (in Norway).
set-stokkr, m. pla?iking-beam (be-
tween the 'set' and the unfloored
centre of the hall).
setti, ord. numb, the sixth.
SETTR
[358]
SIGLA
settr, pp. from 'setja*, (i) placed^
situated (hon skal her sv^ vel sett
sem hon vaeri min dottir) ; (2) of a
ship, deep in the water, heavy (skip
konungs voru sett mjok) ; (3) litt s.
at klceSum, poorly furnished with
clothes ; s. me6 e-u, studded with.
s^ttungr, m. a sixth part.
sex, card. num. six ; -faldr, a. six-
fold'^ -foettr, a. six-footed \ -hofSatSr,
2,. six-headed \ -stefja, f. a poejn with
six *■ stef ' {burdens).
sextan, card. numb, sixteen ; -masltr,
pp., of a stanza, of sixteen sentences^
two to each hne ; -sessa, f. a ship
with sixteen seats.
sex-tugandi, ord. numb, sixtieth ;
-tugr, a. sixty years old ; of measure,
sextugr at lengd, sixty fathoms {ells)
long] of a ship, sextugr at rumatali,
with sixty oar-rooms.
sex-a3r5r, a. six-oared ; -SBringr, m.
six-oared boat ; -CBrr, a. = -aer5r.
seySir, m. cooking-fire (toku eld ok
gerdu sey6i) ; bua til seyQis, to ?nake
ready for cooking.
seymi, n. string for sewing (of
sinews of whales or cattle).
seyra, f. starvation, famine (sultr
mikill ok seyra).
seytjan, card. numb, seventeen.
sic5a (aS), v. to improve, esp. to
reform the faith (s. land, folk) ; refl.,
siQast, to be improved^ civilized (J)ar
eptir si6a6ist landit).
siSa-bot, f. = siSbot.
si^aSr, pp. mannered (vel s.).
siSa-ma^r, m. a well-bred man ;
-samr, a. = siQsamr ; -skipti, n. pi.
change of faith.
Bit5-blandinn, a. sociable ; vera si5-
blandinn vi3 menn, to mix with other
people ; -bot, f. reformation of life or
religion ; -feit5i, n. conduct of life^
morally (gott sififerSi) ; -fer5ugr,
a. of good morals ; -forn, a. old-
fashioned in maimers ; -gocSr, a. of
good fnorals, well-ma7inered ; -gsetni,
f. observance of good jnanners] -lauss,
a. unmannerly, ill-bred ; -latliga, adv.
morally ; lifa -Idtliga, to live a pure
life ; -Idtr, a. well-mannered, of pure
life \ -leysa, f. want of manner Sy im-
morality, lawlessness ; -liga, adv.
morally, cleanly (lifa -liga) ; -ligr, a.
well-bred, moral ; -IsBti, n. good
?nanners,good behaviour] -mannligr,
a. well-mannered ; -nsBmr, a. quick to
acquire good manners ; -prucSr, a.
well-manneredj gentle.
si^r (-ar, -ir, ace. -u), m. (i) custoin,
habit (J)at mun her vera s., at menn
ganga vapnlausir fyrir konung) ; (2)
conduct, moral life (spilla ill mdl
godum siSum) ; (3) religion, faith ;
inn forni s., the ancient {heathen)
faith ; inn nyi s., the new {Christian)
faith] kristinn s., the Christian reli-
gion; hei6inn s.,heathe7iism] ifornum
si3, in the olde7i, or heathen, times.
si'5-samligr, a. well-bred] -samr, a.
well-conducted ; -semd, f. ( I ) habits ;
(2) moral conduct ; (3) good manners,
courtesy ; -semi, f. = -semd.
siSugr, a. well-bred, well-conducted.
si6-vandi, m. custom, habit, prac-
tice ; -vandr, a. strict as to one's con-
duct ] -varr, a. conscientious in one's
life ; -vendi, f. austerity ; -venja, f.
custom, practice.
Sif (gen. Sifjar), f. the wife of Thor.
si^aSr, pp. related by affinity.
sifjar, f. pi. affinity, connexion by
marriage (s. e6a frasndsemi) ; spilla
sifjum, to commit adultery.
siQa-slit, -spell, n. adultery.
sifjungr, m. a relative by affinity.
sif-kona, f. a wo77ian related by
affinity (fraendkonur ok sifkonur).
sig, n. a rope which is let down.
siga (atS),v. to si7ik=sig3. ; sigaSi svd
at honum af ollu saman, at, he was so
overwhel77ied that.
siga (aS), V. to excite dogs by shout-
ing rrr.f ] s. hundum d e-n, to set dogs
at or on one.
sig(5, f., sigSr, m. sickle.
sigg, n. callosity, hard skin.
sigla (-da, -t), v. (i) to sail] s. af
landi, to stand off the land] s. at
landi, to sta7id in to land] s. 1 haf, a
haf, til hafs, to stand out to sea ; s. i
skip, to run i7ito a ship ; s. meira, to
set more sails ; s. um e-n, to sail by
one ; s. um Eyrarsund, to sail through
the Sound ; s. um, to get under weigh.
SIGIiA
[359]
SIIiPR-KER
set sail (Jjegar er J)eir hofSu um siglt,
pa gaf J)eim byr) ; with the course in
ace, I)at er sogn manna, at Skopti hafi
fyrstr Nordmanna siglt Njorvasund,
was the first North77ian to sail through
N. ; with the weather in ace. (peir
sigla norSr um Sognsae byr goSan ok
bjart ve6r) ; ve6r siglanda, weather fit
for sailings (2) fig., s. k vefir e-m, to
get to windward of one, take the wind
out of his sails (engi maSr mun hafa
siglt a veSr jafnmorgum hofSingjum) ;
s. milli skers ok baru, to sail between
Scylla and Charybdis \ (3) to go as
with sails (sigldi ikorninn i milli
limanna d oflru trd).
sigla, f. mast (fyrir framan siglu).
sigli, n. ornament, necklace,
sigling (pi. -ar), f. (i) sailing (J)^ sd
menn konungs siglingina) ; sjau daga
s., seven days' sail ; (2) voyage (tokst
l^eim siglingin ogreitt).
siglinga-maSr, m. seafaring man,
seaman (slikr -ma6r sem J)u ert).
siglu-biti, m. the step of the mast ;
-ra, f. sail-yard ; -skeiS, n. the part
of a ship 7iear the mast ; -toppr, m.
mast-head ; -tr6, n. mast-tree.
signa (at5), v. to sink or slide down
(honum t)6tti byr6rin pung, signaSi
hon ni5r d. bakit).
signa (ac5, or -da, -dr), v. (l) in a
heathen sense, to mark with the sign
of Thor's hammer, to dedicate, to a
god (s. full 65ni, {^or) ; (2) to sign
with the cross, make the sign of the
cross over (gengu J)eir undir bor6 ok
signdu mat sinn) ; s. sik, to cross one-
self {on the forehead and breast) ; (3)
to bless ; signaSr Olafr, the blessed O.
signan, f. blessing.
sigr (gen. sigrs), m. victory ; hafa,
fd, vinna s., to gain a victory ; bera s.
af e-m, vega (vinna, fa) s. d. e-m, to
defeat one ; au6na mun ri6a sigri,
fortune will decide the victory ; Mag-
nus konungr red J)d sigri miklum, then
king M. gained a great victory.
sigra (aS), v. (i) to vanquish, over-
come (hofSu t^eir broefir sigrat bjorn-
inn) ; (2) to surpass (einn lokkr
sigraQi alia) ; (3) refl.,sigTast, to gain
a victory (EinarlagQi Jjegar til orrostu
ok sigraSist) ; s. i. e-m, to gain a vic-
tory over one (hann bar opt hamingju
til at s. d sinum ovinum).
sigrari, m. victor.
sigr-autSigr, a. victorious ; -bdkn,
n. tokening of victory ; -bldstr, m.
trumpeting of victory ; -blomi, m.
bea7n of victory, halo ; -blot, n. sacri-
fice for victory ; -byrr, m. fair wind
boding victory, -forn, f. offer i7ig for
victory ; -for, f. victorious jotirney
(fara -for) ; -gjald, n. war contribu-
tion ; -gjof, f. (i) the gra7iti7ig of vic-
tory ; (2) offering up for victory ;
-gotS, n. god of victory ; -lauss, a.
deserted by victory ; -leysi, n. lack of
victory ; -luSr, m. tru77ipet of victory ;
-mark, n. token of victory ; -mal, n.
prize of victory ; -merki, n. = -mark ;
-minning, f. co77imemoration of a vic-
tory ; -op, n. shouti7ig of victory ;
-samligr, a. victorious ; -strangligr,
a. biddi7ig fair for victory ; -ssela,
-s8Bld, -sseli, f. victoriousness ; -saell,
a. blessed by victory, victorious.
sig-runar, f. pi. ru7ies of victory.
sigr-vegari, m. conqueror', -vegn-
ing, f, vict07y ; -verk, n. victory ;
-vaanligr, a. pro77iising victory ;
"l^JocS, f. the victorious host ; -or, f.
shaft of victory.
sig-tivar, m. pi. gods of victory,
-toptir, f. pi. ho77ies of victory.
sik, ace. of the refl. pron. (gen. sin,
dat. s6r), hi77iself herself, the7nselves
(J)eir verja sik t)ar).
siklingr (-s, -ar), m. poet., king.
aild (pi. sildr), f. herring.
silda-ferja, f. herri7ig-boat ; -kaup,
n. purchase of her7'ing.
sild-fiski, f. he7'ri7ig fishery, fara i
-fiski, to go out catching herring;
-ver, n. a place for herring-fishi7ig.
silfr, n. silver-, -baugr, m. silver
ring; -beizl, n. silver bit', -buinn,
pp. silver-77tounted ', -drjugr, a. well-
stocked with silver {money) ; -fdtt, a.
n. Iacki7ig silver (e-m ver6r -fdtt) ;
-festr, f. silver chain ; -hadda, f.
silver handle ; -horn, n. d7-inking-
horn of silver; -hringr, m. = -baugr ;
-hvitr, a. silver-white ; -kalkr, m.
silver chalice ; -ker, n. silver vessel ;
SILPR-IiAGDK
[360]
SINN-ADR
-lagSr, pp. inlaid with silver ; -ligr,
a. silvery ; -men, n. necklace of silver ;
-merktr, -metinn, pp. valued in
silver ; -ofinn, pp. woven with silver ;
-penin^r, m. silver co n ; -rekinn,
pp. = -biiinn ; -am^ltr, pp. enamelled
*iuith silver ; -araicSr, m. silversmith ;
-sylgja, f. brooch of silver ; -vapn, n.
silver weapon.
silki, n. s.lk ; in compds. silken^
silk ; -band, n. silk ribbon ; -blaka,
f. silken veil ; -bleikr, a. yellow as
silk ; -dukr, m. silken napkin ;
-hjupr, m. silken jacket ; -hlatS, n.
j///^ ribbon rvorn round the head\
-kult, n. silke7t quilt ; -sauniat)r, pp.
ejnbroidered with silk ; -sloeSr, f. pi.
silken gown ; -treyja, f. silkenjacket ;
-J)rdcSr, m. silken thread.
silungr (-s, -ar), m. trout,
simili, n. fijie flour for bread.
simul, f. hag^ witch (poet.).
sin, n. bladder sedge (skutur tvaer
sini bundnar, ok engi saumr i).
sin (pi. sinar), f. sinew, tendon.
sina, f. (i) = sin ; (2) withered grass
which has stood ditring winter.
sina-sdrr, a. sore in the sinews.
sin-bundinn, pp. bound with blad-
der sedge (sinbundit skip).
sindr, n. slag or drosSy iron-scales.
sindra (atS), v. to send out sparks,
sparkle (sindraSi af svd sem or afli).
sinn (sin, sitt), possess, pron. his,
hery its, their ; ( i ) referring to the
subj. in a sentence, HallgerSr fastnadi
dottur sina, H. betrothed her daughter',
Hrutr var harSrAQr vi6 livini sina, H.
was stern towards his foes ; (2) refer-
ring to the object ; hvat vill Haraldr
bj63a Noregs konungi fyrir sitt starf,
what will H. offer to the king of
Norway for his (viz. the tatter's)
trouble f SigurSr jarl gaf upp Orkn-
eyingum 65ul sin, their odals ; hann
J)akkar honum sitt sinni, he thanks
him for his help ; (3) neiit. as subst. ;
kostaSi hann einn allt fyrir, en boendr
ekki af sinu, nothing of their own ;
allt mun J^at sinu fram fara um aldr
manna, // will all go its own course
as to man's life ; (4) with '• sjdlfr ' both
words are declined ; t)eir bdSu hana
taka sjAlfrar sinnar rd6, they bade
her take her own counsel', (5) with
' hvdrr ' and ' hverr ' in a distributive
sense ; tok sitt langskip hvarr t)eira,
each of the two took a long ship ; sinn
vetr t)d hvArr heimboS at odrum, they
visited each other, w nier about ; sinu
sinni at hvdrs buum, alternately on
each other's estates ; sinn veg hvdrr,
one each way ; J)ykkir nokkut sinn
veg hvaru, each took his own view of
the tnatter ; ferr sinn veg hverr um
skoginn, they {all) went each his own
way in the wood; skulu vaka sinn
{)ri6jung naetr hverir tveir, two and
two in turn.
sinn, n. time ; eitt s., einu sinni, one
ti7ne, 07ice (t^at var eitt s., at Egill gekk
til elda at verma sik) ; eitthvert s.,
einhverju sinni = eitt s., einu sinni ;
einhverju sinni bar svd til, at, one time
it happened that', ekki s., engu sinni,
never', aldri s., never more (aldri
skaltu koma i mina rekkju s. si6an) ;
pat s., that time ; t)essu sinni, this
time ; (i) annat s., 63ru sinni, a second
cime, again ; hit fyrra sinn, the first
time ; hit JiriSja s.,for the third time ;
at sinni, _^r the present (t»eir skilja tal
sitt at sinni) ; um s., once (veg t)u aldri
meirr i inn sama knerunn en um s.) ;
for this one time (ek mun leysa J)ik or
vandrasSi t)essu um s.) ; um sinns
s^\i\v, for this once (eigi vil ek synja
J)dr um sinns sakir ]3essa) ; dat. pi.,
sjau sinnum, seven times ; endr ok
sinnum. now and then, from ti?ne to
tijne; nokkurum sinnum, several times.
sinna (at$, or -ta, -t), v. (i) poet, to
journey, travel', (2) to go with, side
with one (vilda ek, at pu sinnaSir
fraendum minum) ; (3) to plead, sup-
port (Jjeir hdtu pd at s. hans mdii) ;
(4) to mind, care for, heed; ekki sinni
ek hegoma pinum, J heed not thy idle
talk ; ekki sinni ek {€ (ef nokkurr vill
ganga i malit), / do not mind the
money ; hon sinnaSi um engan hlut,
she cared about nothing ; vera e-m
sinnandi, to be attentive to one, take
care of.
sinnaSr, a. siding with one, favour-
ably disposed towards one.
siNiSri
[361]
SI-BYRDA
ainni, vn. ■pott, follower, companion.
sinni, n. (i) journev, walk ; vera i.
sinnum, to be o?t the way ; heill J)u d.
sinnum ser, be happy on thy way ;
dagr var a sinnum, the day was pass-
iiis^ by \ (2) fellowship, company ;
ri^a i s. e-m, to ride in one's com-
pany ; (3) help, support (V. pakkar
honum sitt s.) ; vera e-m 1 s., to side
with one, help one (l^u vildir, at allir
vaeri t)er i s.) ; (4) time, = sinn ;
annat s., a second ti7ne, — annat sinn ;
J)at s., that time.
sinnig-, sinnsig (for sinn veg, sins
veg), adv. one each way ; s. hvarr
(hverr), each his own way, differently.
sinni-ligr, a. co?npanion-like.
sinu-eldr, m.fire in withered grass.
sitja (sit ; sat, sdtum ; setinn), v.
(l) to sit, be seated; hann sat it nsesta
honum, he sat next him ; s. upp, to
sit erect (peir letu hann s. upp 1 haug-
inuin) ; to sit at table ; (2) to stay,
sojourn ; s. heima, to stay at home
(sitr Gunnarr nu heima nokkura hriS) ;
s. kyrr, to remain quiet, stay at home ;
s. i festum, to sit as one's betrothed (of
the bride between the betrothal and
wedding) ; to reside (Haraldr konungr
sat optastd Rogalandi) ; tositfishiftg
(J)eir voru komnir a pser vastir, er
hann var vanr at s.) ; (3) to tarry
(g0r3i hSinu leitt at s.) ; s. ve6rfastr,
to lie weather-bound', (4) with ace,
s. e-t or hendi ser, to let it slip
through idleness ; s. byr or hendi ser,
to miss a fair wind', (5) s. vel (ilia)
jor5, to keep one's estate in good {bad)
order ; s. launj)ing, to hold a secret
meeting ; (6) s. e-t, to put up with,
endure (eigi mundu Jjeir l)vilika
skomm eda hneisu setid hafa) ; s.
e-m e-t, to submit to, put up with at
one's hand (s. monnum skammir ok
skapraunir) ; er slikt engum manni
sitjanda, it is not to be endured from
any man ; (7) s. e-m e-t, to cut one
off from (hugQust J)eir Sveinn at s.
honum vatn) ; (8) with preps., s. at
e-u, to sit busy with a thing ; s. at
sumbli, to sit at a banquet; s. at tafli,
to sit at chess ; s. at fe, nautum, to
tend sheep, cattle ; s. at malum, to sit
over a case, debate it ; s. d stefnu, to
be i7i the chair at a meeting; s. d
sannindum, to withhold {conceal) the
truth ; s. a ser, to control oneself, keep
down one's te7nper (Hallgeror sat
mjok d ser um vetrinn) ; s. a svikraeS-
um, svikum vi3 e-n, to plot against
one ; s. fyrir, to be on the spot (uvist
er at vita, hvar uvinir sitja d fleti
fyrir) ; s. fyrir e-u, to be a hindrance
to (s. fyrir soemd e-s) ; to be exposed to,
have to bear (s. fyrir hvers manns
amasli) ; s. fyrir adrykkju e-s, to be
one's drift king-7n ate ; s. fyrir svorum,
to sta7id questions, be the spokes7)ian ;
s. fyrir mdlum, to lead the discussion ;
s. fyrir e-m, to lie in a77ibush {in wait)
for ; s. hja e-u, to be present at(s. hja
ra6ager6um e-s) ; to sit idly by (^u
munt J)6 drepa vilja br66ur minn, ok
er J)at skomm, ef ek sit hjd) ; s. inni,
to sit i7i priso7i ; s. til e-s, to wait ; er
J)ar til at s., we 7nay wait till then ; s.
um e-t, to watch for an opportunity ;
J)eir satu um at rengja, they watched
to find a flaw in the proceedings ; to
plot agaifist (hann sitr um riki Hans) ;
s. um lif e-s, to seek one's life ; s. um
e-n, to lie in wait for, waylay ; s. um
e-u, to be busy with (s. um nauSsynja-
malum) ; s. um bordum, to sit at table ;
s. undir e-u, to be subject to ; s. yfir
e-u, to sit over a thing, be busy with
(ekki mun ek lengr yfir pessu s.) ; s.
yfir drykkju, borfium, to sit drinking,
at table ; to attend to (s. yfir mdlum
manna) ; s. yfir kvaeSum, to listen to
so7igs ; s. yfir e-u, to take possession
of; lata slika s. yfir varu, to let such
pe7'sons withhold our property fro)n
us ; to bear down (hann sat yfir vir3-
ingu allra hofSingja fyrir norSan
land) ; s. yfirskorflum hlut, to suffer a
loss of right; s. yfir sjukum manni, to
sit up with {nurse) a sick person, esp.
a woman in labour ; (9) recipr., sitjast
naer, to sit near 07ie another.
sia (at5), v. to filter, strain ; Idta
gron s., to sip through the beard.
sia, f. sieve or st7'ainer, for liquids.
sia, {.glowing spark, esp. from metal
(siur flugu or afli).
si-byrtSa (-rt5a, -rtJr), v. to lay {a
SI-BYRDIS
[362]
sIqa
ship^ alongside, in a sea-fight ; with
dat. (jarl sibyrdi BarSanum enn vi5
Orminn) ; without the dat. (sibyrSi
hann J)ar vid Jdrnbardann) ; -byrSis,
-byrt, adv. broadside to broadside
(lega^ja, Hggja sibyrdis, si'byrt).
siS, adv. (i) late (var heldr s. gengit
til hdmessu) ; with gen., s. aptans,
sumars, vetrar, late in the evening,
sumjner, winter; s. um haustit,kveldit,
late in the autumn, evening', (2) corn-
par., sit5arr, later ({)au s\ik, er s.
komu fram) ; fdm vetrum s., a few
years later', (3) superl. sitSarst or
sitSast, last ; or6 J)au er hann maslti
s., his last words ; sd er s. gengr inn,
he who enters last.
sits, f., only in the phrase, um s.,
at last (J)6 var6 hann um s. ofrliSi
borinn) ; more commonly in pi., um
(of) si6ir (J)6 vaknaSi hann um si6ir).
sitSa, f. (i) side (hljop sver6it d
siduna) ; {2)Jiank, side of meat (si6ur
af nauti allfeitar) ; (3) coast (hann
braut skip sitt vi3 Jotlands siSu).
sitSa (sio ; seit5, sitSum ; sitSinn), v.
to work charms through ' seidr ' (J)at
er vd h'til, at vdr si6imj.
sit5an, adv. (i) since, after that (s.
gekk hon f brott) ; hefir su kapella t)ar
staSit s., ever since ; hvdrki d6r n6 s.,
neither before nor since ; (2) after-
wards, later on (koma {)eir allir vi6
J)essa sogu s.) ; (3) as prep, with ace,
})eir hofSu ekki eti6 s. laugardaginn,
since Saturday, (4) with the relat.
part., at, er, as conj., frojn the time
when, since (s. er tengdir vdrar tokust);
(5) since = s. er (E. hafSi verit me6
Olafi konungi s. Sveinn jarlandaSist) ;
seeing that, inasmuch as ( viltu, at ek
g£eta vitans, s. ek geri ekki annat).
sitSans (= si3an es), conj. since.
sicSar-la, -liga, adv. late (eitt kveld
si6;irla gengu til gestir nokkurir).
siSarr, adv. compar., see ' si5 '.
siSarri, a. compar. later, latter, opp.
to ' fyrri ' (it siSarra sumar).
siSarst or si(5ast, adv. superl. last,
see ' S16 ' adv.
sitJarsta or siSasta, f. ; at si6ustu,
at sidastunni, at last.
sitSarstr or sitSastr, a. latest last
(sd skal fyrstr dt ganga er s. gengr
inn) ; it sidarsta, at the latest (J)a skal
stefnt it si6arsta viku fyrir ping).
sitS-bryndr,a. having long eyebrows ;
-buinn, pp. * late-boun ' for sailing ;
-baBrr, a. calving late ; -faldinn, pp.
weariftg a hood low over the face
(fyrsta aptan hafa bruSirnar -faldit) ;
-farit, pp. n., var6 honum -farit, he
walked slowly ; -forull, a. late abroad,
out late in the evening', -klsBddr, pp.
wearing long clothes ; -kveld, n., um
or a -kveldum, late in the evening.
siSla, adv. late', s. kvelds, s. of
aptaninn, late in the evening.
si5r (sits, sitt), a. lotig, hanging
down (sitt har, skegg ; si6 klaedi ;
si3ar brynjur) ; hann hafSi si6an hatt
yfir hjdlmi, a hood coming far down
over the face ; falda sitt, to wear a
hood coming lo2u over the face (briidir-
nar falda sitt, sva at ugorla md sj4
J)eira yfirlit).
sitSr, adv. compar. (i) less (pat er
mdr enn s. hent) ; miklu s., much less ;
engu s., no less ; eigi s., 7iot less, as
much (hann var kasrr konungi, ok eigi
s. drottningu) ; eigi s. en, no less than,
as well as (dtti hann eigi si5r England
en Danmork) ; at s. voru menn sjalf-
radir fyrir konungi, at engi rib, a
hvern gu6 trua skyldi, so far were
they from being independent, that, etc.;
(2) as conj., lest, s. oss Loki kveSi
lastastofum, that L. may not abuse us.
sitS-skeggjatSr, a. lo7ig-bearded.
si(Su-sdr, n. a wound in the side.
si-doegris, adv. every day, day by
day, -feldr, a. continuous, incessant',
-fella, f. continuity, 1 si fell u, con-
tinuously ; -fleyttr, a. = -feldr.
siga (sig ; seig or s6, sigum ; sig-
inn), V. (i) to smk gently down ; seig
k hann svefn, sleep ca?He over hifn ;
s€ sorti mikill fyrir augu \>e\m,a great
darkness fell over their eyes ; lata s.,
to let sink (t»6rr l^t s. brynnar ofan
fyrir augun) ; l^tu peir s. festi ofan i
grofina, they lowered a rope down
ijito the pit ; fig., get ek, at heSan af
fari peim heldr sfganda, / imagine it
will go downwards with them hence-
forth ; (2) to glide, move slowly (er
SI-QRCENN
[363]
SJA
\>B.t mitt rd6 at Idta s. ut skipin frd
bryggjum) ; lata undan s., to retreat
(Danir letu ^k enn undan s.) ; lata s.
aptr til somu hafnar, to retreat to the
same port ; augun siga saman, the eyes
close (in death) ; lata s. saman til
sampykkis, to let things draw towards
an agreement ; letum s. sattmAl okkur,
we came to tertJis ; (3) refl., Idta sigast,
to let oneself sink ; lastr hann s. or
tr^nu, he lets himself drop from the
tree\ hann let s. fast k stolinn, he
pressed himself down agai?tst the seat ;
nokkurir menn letu s. sdrir, dropped
down wounded ; Idta undan s., to
retreat (jarl sotti hart fram J)ar til, er
Alfgeirr let undan s.).
si-groenn, a. evergreen ; -hverfuU,
a. rou7id (herbergi nasr sihverfult).
sik, siki, n. ditch, trench.
Slid (pi. sildr), f., see ' sild'.
sild-fiski, f., -ver, n., see ' sild-fiski ',
*sild-ver'.
sima (pi. simu), n. cord, string.
si-mdlugr, a, always talking, lo?jg-
wi7ided (simdlugr 1 J)inni ros^u).
simi, m. cord, rope (J)aer or sandi
sima undu).
si-maelgi, f. talkativeness, loquacity.
sin, gen. from the refl. pron., hefna
s., to revenge oneself.
sin-girnd, -girni, f. covetousness,
avarice ; -gjarn, a. covetous, avari-
cious (audigr ma6r ok singjarn).
sinka, f. = singirni.
flinkr, a. = singjarn (s. ok fegjarn).
sira, m. indecl. sir, 7naster (esp.
used of priests, sometimes of knights).
si-rei§r, a. always angry ; -vaf, n.
winding round ; vefja e-u sivafi, to
wind it round and round \ -valr, a.
round, cylindrical.
sival-vaxinn, pp. round of growth.
sizt, adv. superl. least, opp. to
* helzt' ; per vilda ek s. illt gera, thee
least of all would I harm.
sizt or siz, conj. (i) since, — siSan
er ; engi er peira maki, s. Gunnarr
lezt, since Gunnar died ; (2) as prep.
with ace. since, after ; sofna ek minst
s. mina sonu dau6a, since the death of
viy sons.
^jaldan (^aldnar, sjaldnast), adv.
seldom (s. hefi ek aSra haft at skildi
fyrir mer).
Bjald-fenginn, pp. seldotn got, scarce
(vatn er t)ar -fengit) ; -gestr, a. sel-
dom to be got, rare (-gastr dvoxtr) ;
-heyrtSr, pp. seldom heard about ;
-kvaBmr, a. comi?ig seldom (ek em
-kvasm til kirkju) ; -s6nn, pp. seldom
seen (-senir eru oss pvilikir menn) ;
-stundura, adv. seldom.
sjatna (atS,) v. (i) to sink, dwindle,
subside, = setna ; esp. of food, to be
digested', honum sjatna6i eigi fceSa,
he could not digest his food ; (2) fig.
to subside, abate (]Dinn ofsi mun ilia s.j.
sjau, card. numb, seven ; -faldligr,
-faldr, a. seveffold.
sjaund, i. a period of seven </^ji',spec.
the seventh day after one's death.
sjaundi, ord. numb, the seventh,
sjau-roetSr, a. = -tugr ; -tjan, card-
numb, seventeen ; -tugr, a. seventy
years old', -tugti, ord. numb, the
seventieth {i. sjautugta dri).
sja, pron. dem. m. and f. this, that
(s. ma5r haf3i spjot 1 hendi).
sja (s6 ; sa, sam ; senn), v. (i) to see ;
hann kvezt s. mann ri6a, he said that
he saw a 7?ian riding ; var J)a sen reid
Jjeira, their riding was seen, they
were seen riding ; (2) to look (konungr
sa til bans ok maslti) ; Gunnarr sa 1
mot tungli, G. looked at the tnoon ; s.
<\\.,to look out of the house (Hriitr bad
engan mann ut s. 4 t)eiri nott) ; (3) to
examine, see {look) after (hann rei3
ofan I Eyjar at s. verk hiiskarla sinna) ;
(4) to see, understand (aldri var3 J)at
enn, at ek sa eigi gdtur J)aer,_er fyrir
mik varu upp bornar) ; (5) impers.,
Jja (ace.) matti eigi s., they could not
be seen ; s^r pa hauga enn, those
mounds can be seen yet ; ma pat ok s.,
at naer standa vinir Gunnars, it may
be seen, too, that Gunnar' s friends
stand near him ; (6) with preps., s. af
e-m, to look away fr 0771, be {do) with'
out (ek pottumst ekki mega af pdr s.
sakir dslrikis) ; s. d e-t, to look on (nu
em ek i holl kominn 4 pik sjdlfan at s.) ;
to take in hand, take care of (porgils
kvad ser eigi skylt at s. k pat mdl) ; s.
a me6 e-m, to take care of (pess vil ek
SJA
[364]
sjalf-rIdr
bi3ja, at \>6r sjait d me5 Hogna syni
minum) ; impers,, s^r d, // can be seen
(litt ser J)at J)4 a, at J)u hafir fundit
Svein konung) ; s. eptir e-u, s. eptir
um e-t, to look after (var litt set eptir
um skattlondin J)au, er fjarri Idgu) ;
eiga eptir e-u at s., to have to look
after a thmg (hann mun par eptir
hefndum eiga at s.) ; s. fram, to see
into the future (fram s^ ek lengra) ; s.
e-t fyrir, to foresee (hann J)6ttist s.
fyrir, at hann mundi fella fenaS sinn);
s. fyrir e-u, to take care of, provide for
(verdr hverr fyrir ser at s.) ; man ek
J)d s. fyrir mdlinu, then I will look
after the matter ; s. fyrir e-m, to put
one out of the way ; s. i e-t, to see into,
see through (s^r hann ekki i J)etta) ;
to take into consideration (Hrafnkell
sk eigi mjok i kostnaS) ; s. til e-s, to
become aware of (ef J)er sjait l)a ekki
til minna ferQa, J)d fari t)er heim) ; to
look for, expect (s. til trausts, launa,
fulltings) ; to look after ^ see to, take
care of (gu6 ser til kristni sinnar) ; s.
til meS e-m, to take care of, see to
one ; s. um e-t, to see after^ take care
of (s. um bu, femal e-s) ; s. um me6
e-m = s. til meQ e-m (Hoskuldr sd um
me6 honum) ; s, um fyrir e-u, to look
after, see to (eigi mun nu fyrir ollu
verSa um s6t) ; s. vi6 e-m, to look at
one (konungr sd vi6 honum ok maelti) ;
to beware of guard oneself against
(mun OSS vandgaett til vi3 honum at
s.) ; s€ nu vi5, beware! ; s. vi3 um e-t,
to guard oneself, be cautious as to
(hafa t)essir menn meirr s^t vi6 um
kaupin en ek hugQa) ; s. yfir e-t, to
look over, survey, look after (s. yfir
akra sina) ; to see a way to (hann sd
eigi yfir, at peir kcemist til bceja) ;
eigi mdtti yfir s., hvern veg hniga
mundi orrostan, one could not see
how the fight would end\ (7) refl.,
sjdst, to fear (fdtt hygg ek y3r s.) ;
Idta a s., to let it appear, show signs
of (J)eir t^ogSu yfir ok Idtu ekki d s ) ;
s. fyrir, to look before one, be cautious
(hitt mundi mitt rd3 at hrapa ekki
ferSinni, sjast heldr fyrir) ; s. litt fyrir,
to be impetuous, rash (er Agli of mjok
asttgengt at s. litt fyrir) ; s. um, to look
about (Jsd litu allir ut nema konungr,
hann st63 ok sdst eigi um) ; impers.,
at peim hefSi kynliga um sezt, that
they had made a strange oversight in
this', e-m sest yfir, one makes a mis-
take, overlooks a thing; t)eim mun
hafa yfir sezt, they 7nust have made
a mistake ; recipr., sjdst, to see one
another; vit munum aldri s. si3an,'Z£'^
shall never see one another more ; ef
t)it sjdist tveir d, if ye fight it out
a7nong yourselves ; s. til, to look to one
another (sdst til si6an, d6r i sundr
hyrfi) ; pass., J)eir sdst aldri si6an,
they were never seen afterwards.
sjd-byggvar, m. pi. = sas-byggvar ;
-dreginn, pp. caught out of the sea
(-dreginn fiskr) ; -drif, n. sea-spray ;
-drifinn, pp. sea-splashed \ -kyrr, a.
Cdbn (vindlaust ok sjdkyrt).
sjdldr, n. pupil of the eye (svd var
sem ormr lasgi um sjdldrit).
sjdlf-ala, a. indecl. ^self-feeding'' (fe
gekk l)ar oUum vetrum -ala 1 skogum) ;
-birgr, a., -bjargi. a. self-supported,
self-helpful ; -dauSr, a. having died
a natural death ; -doemi, n. right to
judge in one's own case (selja e-m
-doemi) ; -gorr, a. self-made, easy ;
-hoi, n. self-praise ; -hoelinn, a. self
praising, vaunting; -hoelni, f. self-
glorification, self-praise ; -kraf, n.
free-will (kjosa e-t af -krafi) ; -krafi,
a. of one's own accord or free-willy
voluntarily.
sjalfr, a. self; hann %., he himself;
hon sjdlf, she herself; at smum sjdlfs
vilja, at his own will (cf. ' sinn ') ; er
(liggr) vi6 sjalft, at, it is on the verge,
within a7i ace, that (var vid sjalft, at
J)eir mundu berjast).
BJdlf-ratS, n. independent julgement ;
g0ra e-t at -ra6i, of ofie'^s own accord;
-rdSi, a. ( i) offree-wUl (hann hafnaSi
-rd6i blotum) ; (2) independent, free
(var fyrir honum engi ma6r -rd3i) ;
-ratSr, a. (i) voluntary, of free-will
(U. mundi eigi hafa skjoldinn Idtit
-rdSr) ; (2) independent, free (vildu
heldr litlenda konunga hafa yfir s^r
ok vera -rdSir) ; (3) neut., e-m er e-t
-rdtt, it is within one's power, easy
for one (er per -rdtt at leggja til rdS
SJALF-R^©I
[365]
SJUKNADR
I)au, er dugi) ; one's own fault (m^r
Jjykkir {)er -rdtt verit hafa, er bdtrinn
er brotinn) ; -raB?5i, n. independence^
liberty (-rsedi ok hoglifi innan lands) ;
g0ra e-t at -raeSi sinu, of one's own
free-will \ -sainn, pp. self-sown (-sanir
akrar) ; -skapa, a. indecl. ; sums ertu
-skapa, of some you are yourself the
cause ; -skipan, f. spontaneous order ;
•vili, m. free-will ; at -vilja, of one's
own free-will ; -viljandi, pr. p.,
-viljugr, a. with one's own free-
will ; -vir^ing, f. self-opinion^ self-
conceit.
sjd,-ligr, a. sightly^ handsome.
sjd-la3gr, a. lying on the sea, of fog ;
-matSkr, m. sea-worm.
sjar, sjor or s8Br (gen. sjdvar, sjo-
var, ssBvar), m. the sea (vard sjdrinn
okyrr mjok ; roa ut d sjd).
q'a-roka, f. sea-spray ; -rotSr, m.
rowing out to sea (-roQrarskip) ; -tun,
n. seaside-town.
Bjdvar-afli, m. sea-fishery^ catch of
fish\ -djup, n. deep of the sea; -gata,
f. way from or to the sea ; -ham-
arr, m. sea-crag \ -Mski, m. danger
at sea ; -holl, f. a great hall at the
sea-side ; -lopt, n. a house built over
the sea ; -riki, n. kingdo7n of the sea ;
-stjarna, f. the star of the sea (the
Virgin Mary) ; -strond, f. sea- shore.
Bja-vegr, m. = sjovegr ; -verkr, m.
sea-sickness,
sj6-barinn, pp. sea-beaten ; -bliSa,
f. smooth sea ; -borg, f. sea-town ;
-brattr, a. steep towards the sea ;
-bygt5, f. sea-district.
sj6Sa(sy(5; saut5, su(5um; so^inn),
V. (i) to boil^ cook (s. mat, slatr, egg) ;
(2) to forge (iron) ; (3) fig. to brood
{tarry) over (s. e-t fyrir s^r).
sj6-dau(5r, a. drowned at sea.
sj6(S-feldr, a. lucrative, profitable.
sjotJr (gen. sjocSa), m. money-bag,
purse (sjam, hvat vegi s. si., er ek hefi
hdr) ; eiga einn sj66, to have a common
purse (t)eir Ulfr dttu einn sj66 bdSir) ;
bera e-n f sj63 or sj63i, to carry a
person in one's purse, to take co7npe?t-
sation instead of revenge (f»orsteinn
hviti kvazt eigi vilja beia f'orgils son
sinn i sj65i).
sj6-drif, n. spoondrift ; -dyr, n. j^^-
animal ; -fang, n. catch offish.
sjofar-, gen. from *sj6r*, see 'sjovar*.
sj6-fer(S, f. sea-voyage-, -fiskr, m.
sea-fish ; -fugl, m. sea-fowl ; -foerr,
a. (i) sea-worthy (skip -foert) ; (2) er
-foert, one can be on the sea (hann reri
i. sjo hvern dag, er -fcert var) ; -gygr,
f. mermaid ; -illska, f. rough sea ;
-jokuU, m. hu?nmock of frozen sea-
water; -kona, f. mermaid; -kvik-
endl, n. sea animal ; -kyrr, a. calm ;
-maSr, m. seaman, sailor; -mdl, n.
fiood-mark, high-water-line; -myrkr,
n. darkness at sea.
sjon, f. (i) sight, eyesight (heyrn ok
s.) ; s. er sogu rikri, sight goes before
hearsay ; var Jjeim s. sogu rikri um
fer5ir Knuts, they had ociclar proof
of; missa sjonar at auganu, to lose
the sight of the eye ; (2) look ; sundr
stokk sula fyrir s. jotuns, the pillar
fiew asunder at the look of the giant ;
(3) esp. in plur. the eyes (sd h6n fr^nar
sjonir fylkis lidnar) ; svart er mer
fyrir sjonum, iny eyes grow dim ; leida
e-n sjonum, to fix one's eyes upon a
person (fom jotunn sjonum leiddi sinn
andskota).
sj6nar-vdttr,m.<?y^-'ze/zV«^i'j ; -vitni,
-vsBtti, n. the testiinony of an eye-
witness ; -vortSr, m. look-out man.
sjon-hagr, -hannr or -hannarr, a.
having an expert, artistic eye ; -bend-
ing, f. line of sight, straight line (l)eir
namu -bending 6r Mula f Ingjalds-
gnup) ; -benni, f. sharpness of eye-
sight; -bverfiligr, a. eye-deceiving;
-bverfing, f. ocular delusion,^rod\iCQd.
by spells (g0ra -hverfingar i moti e-m ;
ver6a fyrir -hverfingum) ; -lauss, a.
blind ; -leysi, n. blindness.
sjor (gen. sjovar, sjofar), m. the
sea ; vera a sjo, to be out fishing.
sj6-reitr, m. = mi3 ; -roka, f. spin-
drift, spoondrift; -skrimsl, n. sea-
monster ; -sott, f. sea-sickness ; -tun,
n. = sjatiin ; -verkr, m. = sj a verkr.
sjuga, v., see ' suga '.
sjuk-domr, m., -leiki, -leikr, m.
sickness, illness ; -ligr, a. sickly,
sjukna (atS), v. to become ill.
sjuknatJr, m. illness, disease.
SJI^KR
[366]
SKAMM-M^ELI
sjukr, a. sick, ill', liggja s., to lie
sick ; (2) anxious, distressed.
sjot, n. pi- ( i) abode, home ; ragna s.,
the seat of the gods, the heavens', (2)
cotnpanv, host.
sjotlast (a$), V. refl. to subside,
settle (er ufriSr tok at s.)
sjotull, m. j^///<fr; dolgs s., ^strife-
settler'', Frodi^s gueni of peace.
skatSa (ac5), v. impers., e-n skaSar
ekki, it does one no harm or dainage.
skacSa-boetr, f. pi. indemnity, coj?i-
pensation ; -ferS, f. disastrous jour-
ney ; -lauss, a. scatheless ; -ligr, a.=
skaSligr; -macSr, m. killer, slayer
(verSa -madr e-s) ; -samligr, -samr,
a. injurious, hurtful.
skatJi, m. (i) scathe, harm, damage
(g0ra e-m skaSa) ; verSa fyrir sko6um,
to suffer losses', (2) loss in a person;
Jjotti henni mikill s. eptir mann sinn,
she felt she had a great loss in her
husband ; (3) death, = h2ixi\ ; veita e-m
ska8a, to slay, kill', ver6a e-m at
skada, to be the death of o?ie.
skatS-lauss, a. unscathed', -laust,
adv. without loss ; -samligr, a. htirt-
ful, fioxious ; -samr, a. doing harm,
noxious ; -semd, f. harm ; -vaBnliga,
adv. perniciously ; -vaBnligr, a. pet'-
nicious; --^Bdnn, a. destructible, baleful.
skafa (skef ; skof, skof um ; skaf-
inn), V. (i) to scrape with a blunt
instrument ; s. e-t af, to scrape off',
impers., J)at hefir eik, er af annarri
skefr, one tree takes what is scraped
from another', {2) to shave so as to
make smooth (hann skefr spjot-skepti
a hallargolfinu) ; (3) s. nagl sinn, to
pare one s nail ; fig., s. at fastliga, to
press hard', (4) to shave (J)eir hofSu
latit s. krunur).
skafa, f. scraper (cf. * horn ska fa *).
skaf-heiS, f. clear sky (-held var ok
solskin),
skafl, m. (i) steep snow-drift', (2)
toppli7ig sea; (3) beygja skaflinn, to
make a wry mouth, of one crying.
skaga (-^a), v. to jut out (skogQu
tvasr tennr fram or hausnum).
skagi, m. low cape or ness.
skak, n. scoldifig (gaf Sverrir J)eim
mikit s. fyrirj.
skaka (skek ; skok, skdkum ;
skekinn), v. to shake (bjorninn settist
upp ok skok hofudit) ; s. sverd, to
brandish a sword.
skakka (aS), v., s. me3 monnum, to
aid one against the other (i>orgeirr og
fjorgils sottust lengi, sva at engi skak-
kadi me6 t)eim).
skakki, m. disproportion, disparity,
odd a^nount (j)ann skakka, er J)ar er a
milli, man ek boeta).
skakkr, a. (i) skew, wry, (2) u?i-
equal, unjust (skokk g0r6).
skakkr, m. wry position ; skjota
augunum i skakk, to look awry.
skall, n. (I) noise; (2) pi. skoll,
mocking, derision (gera skoll at e-m).
skallat, n. scarlet ; see ' skarlat '.
skalli, m. a bald head (settist my
margt d skalla honum).
skamma (aS), v. (i) to shame, dis-
grace (t)a menn, er vini vara hafa
drepit ok skammat) ; (2) refl., skamm-
ast e-s, to be ashamed of a thing (skua
ok broka skammisk engi ma6r) ; s.
sfn, to blush ; with infin., skammast at
gera e-t, to be ashamed to do a thing.
skaramar-erendi, n. shameful er-
rand; -'vi^t n. shameful fnanslaughter,
= ni5ingsvig.
skamm-bragtSs, adv. shortly, soon ;
-degi, n. the short winter-days ; -fotr,
a. shoj-t-footed, a nickname.
skamm-fulleikr, m. = -fylli ; -ful-
ligr, a. ashained, bashful', -fyllast
(see fylla), v. refl. to be ashamed',
-fylli, f. shame, blushing ; -fylling, f.
bashfulness', -foera (-oa, -tSr), v. to
spoil, injure.
skamm-hals, m. short-neck, a nick-
name ; -hendr, a. short-ha7ided ;
-hygginn, a. = -synn ; -hondungr,
m. short-hand, a nickname.
skamm-lauss, a. ( i ) shameless, with-
out shajne ; aetla ek, at {ju ser -lauss
af t)essu, it is no shame to thee ; (2)
neut., -laust, not disgraceful (honum
var -laust at hlita konungs domi).
skamm-leitr, a. short-faced', -lifi,
n. the fact of being short-lived ; -lifr,
a. short-lived; -minnigr, a. short of
7nemory ; -maali, n. brevity {in ex-
pression).
SKAMM-N0KTR
[367]
SKAP-BCETIR
skamTn-n0ktr, a. shamefully naked.
skammr, a. (l) short (var su leidin
skemmri) ; Idta e-n hoffli skemmri, to
make one sho7'ter by the head, to be-
head; neut., skammt, a short way,
short distafice (hann bjo skammt fra
Skallagrimi) ; (2) of time, short, brief;
skamma hrid, stund, but a short while ;
eiga skammt ulit'at, to have bid a short
time to live ; hann kva5 skammt til
{)ess, he said it would be soon ; skammt
Ird pessu, a short while after this-,
(3) adverbially, skommu, skemmstu,
lately, very lately, recently, very re-
cently, = fyrir skommu, skemmstu ;
skommum, not lo7ig (sat hann skom-
mum vi5 drykk) ; skemmrum, for a
shorter tijne (at landit mundi verSa
skemmrum biskupslaust, ef tveir vaeri
biskuparnir) ; sem skemmst, as short
a while as possible.
skamm-rif, n. pi. the short ribs.
skammriQa-mikill, a. stout.
skammrif-stykki, n. a piece of meat
from the short ribs.
skamm-raBkr, a. having a short
memory for revenge.
skamm-samliga, adv. shamefully ;
-samligr, a. shameful, disgraceful.
skamm-skeptr, pp. short-shafted',
-syni, f. short-sightedness ; -syniligr,
-synn, a. short-sighted, foolish ; -ssBtr,
a. short of stay ; -talaSr, pp. short-
spoken ; -vaxinn, pp. short of growth ;
-viss, a. = -synn ; -39(5, f. short dura-
tion ; -aBligr, a. short-lived, fleeting^
brief {-seYig gleSi) ; -aer, a. short-lived,
of short dtcratio7t.
skamtac^ar-erendi, n. = skapna5ar-
erendi (at hann hefir -erindij.
skamtr, m. share, portion.
skap, n. (i) state, condition ; at ])vi
skapi, in the sajne proportio?i ; h^lt
pat vel skapi, meSan hon lif6i, it kept
a good state whilst she lived; (2)
condition of mind, temper, 7nood ; J)at
er ekki mitt s., // is not my tur7i of
mi7id; vera (me6) illu skapi, to be in
an angry 7nood ; bregSa skapi vi3 e-t,
renna e-m i s., to take to heart, be
much affected by (rann honum mjok i
s. sa atburSr) ; koma skapi vi6 e-n,
to agree with, get on with (engi kann
vi5 mik skapi koma) ; koma skapi
(eiga s.) saman, to have 77ii7ids alike
(pit eigit meirr s. saman) ; hafa ekki
s. til e-s, to have no 7ni7id to do a
thing ; hogvasrr i skapi, 7}iild of tem-
per; lit ill i skapi, of S7nall 77iind, faint-
hearted; gera ser e-t 1 s., /^ take into
one's head.; vera e-m (vel) at skapi,
vera nasr skapi e-s, to be to one's
77ii7id ; e-t felir e-m vel i s., one likes,
is pleased with ; gera e-t til skaps
e-m, to do a thi7ig to please 07ie.
skapa (at$; pret. also skop), v. (i)
to shape, for7n, mould, 7nake (or Ymis
holdi var jor3 skopuS) ; to create (gu3,
er mik skop) ; s. skegg, to tri/ii the
beard; s. skei3, to take a run (petta
dyr skapa5i skeiS at oss) ; s. ok skera
e-t, or um e-t, to decide, settle (ek skal
einn skera ok s. okkard milli) ; (2) to
assign as one^s fate or destiny (ek
skapa honum pat, at hann skal eigi
lifa lengr en kerti pat brennr) ; s.e-m
aldr, to fashion one's future life ; syni
pinum verc5r-a ssela skopuQ, bliss is
not fated to thy son ; (3j to fix, ap-
point (haf paeina femuni, er ek skapa
per) ; s. e-m viti, to i7npose a fine or
pe7ialty; at skopuSu, in the order of
nature, according to the course of
nature (vasri pat at skopuSu fyrir
aldrs sakir, at pu lifSir lengr okkar) ;
lata skeika at skopuSu, to let things go
their ow7i course {accordi7tg to fate) ;
lata skapat skera, to let fate decide ;
(4) refl., skapast, to take shape ; freista,
hve pd skapist, try how thi7igs will
go then; Amundi kva6 jarl u4hly3inn
ok mun litt at s., A. said the earl was
self-willed, and little will co7ne of it.
skapa-doegr, n. one's fated day (hon
kvad engan komast yfir -doegr sitt).
skapan, f. (i) shape, for7n (friSr at
allri s.) ; (2) creation.
skap-arfi, m. a right or lawful heir.
skapari, m. the Maker, Creator.
skap-bracSr, a. hot-tempered; e-m
ver6r -bratt, one loses his te77iper.
skap-boetendr, m. pi. persons legally
bound to pay weregild.
skap-boetir, m. improver of one's
disposition (pat var maelt, at hann vaeri
engi -bcetir Hallgerdi).
SKAP-DAUDI
[368]
SKAHD
skap-dau?5i, a. fit or proper to die
(hann er -dau3i).
skap-deild, f. good nature.
Bkapdeildar-mat5r, m. master of
otie''s temper (hann var litill -maSr).
skap-farinn, pp. disposed^ tetnpered
( = skapi farinnj ; -fatt, a. n.,e-m verSr
-fatt, one loses his temper \ -feldr,
a. to ones mind, agreeable ; -felligr,
a. == -feldr ; -felligr i andliti, luell-
shape7i in face, agreeable ; -f ertJ, f. ,
-fercSi, n., -ferli, n. disposition of
mind, teinper, character ; -glikr, a.
alike in character or temper',
-goSr, a. good-natured, good-tem-
pered ; e-m er -gott, one is in good
spirits', -goe^i, n. good nature \
-goefr, a. gentle of mood ; -hartSr, a.
harsh of mood, severe ; -heimskr, a.
foolish ; -hcBgr, a. meek, gentle, =
hoegr 1 skapi ; -hofn, f,, esp. in pi. sen-
timents, disposition, temper ; -illr, a.
ill-tempered ; -illska, f. evil-fninded-
ness (i reidlyndi ok skapi llsku).
skap-ker, n. large vessel (from which
the cups were filled).
skap-lettr, a. light-minded, cheer"
fill', konungi var -lett, the king was
in high spirits.
skap-liga, adv. duly, fitly ; -ligr,
a. due, fit, suitable {JA.\iV2idid\ konung
virSuliga, sem -ligt var).
skap-likr, a. = -glikr ; -lundaSr,
a. = -farinn (allra manna grimmastr
ok verst -lundaSr) ; -lyndi, n. mind,
temper, disposition ; vera vi6 -lyndi
e-s, to be to one's jnind (slikt er ekki
vi6 -lyndi f^orsteins) ; -lyzka, f. =
-lyndi ; -lostr, m. fault of character ;
-mikill, a. proud ofniind.
skapnat5ar-erendi, n. such result of
an errand as one deserves to have ;
-virSing, f. due honour.
skapnaSr, m. what is due, propriety.
skap-pruSr, a. well-disposed, gener-
ous ; -raun, f. trial of one's temper,
vexation, annoyance ; ferr sva um
morg mdl, J)6tt menn hafi skapraun
af, although they try men's tempers ;
-rauna (a§), v. to annoy, provoke,
with dat. (er J)^r fremd engi at -rauna
gomlum manni) ; impers., honum
-raunadi mjok, he was much vexed.
skapraunar-laust, a. n. without
trying one's tetnper (opt ri3r hann
h^r um gardj ok er m^r eigi -laust) ;
-minna, a. compar. less ofiensive ;
-ort5, n. pi. temper-trying words ;
-samliga, adv. in a provoking
manner (svara e-m -samliga).
skaps-andmarki, m. fault of temper
or mind \ -hofn, f. mind, disposition,
temper, = skaphofn.
skap-skipan, f. change of mind {x.2ik?L
-skipan) ; -skipti, n. = -skipan.
skaps-mttnir, m. pi. = skaplyndi.
skap-stiicSr, a. haughty ; -slorr, a.
proud-minded, = -mikill ; -styggr, a.
irritable, excited.
skapt, n. (i) shaft, missile', skjota
skapti { moti e-m, to shoot a shaft
against, to withstand', (2) handle,
haft, of an axe, hammer ; shaft, pole
of a spear (cf. hamarskapt, oxarskapt,
spjotskapt) ; (3) a shaft-shaped thing,
e. g. a comet's tail, the beam in a
weaver's loom, a peak on a helmet.
skapt-hdr, a. * shaft-high ', above the
horizon, of the sun.
skap-tit5r, a. to one's mind, agree-
able (Idta ser e-t -titt).
skapt-ker, n. = skapker ; -kringla,
f. whipping-top (eptir J)at snerist hann
d haeli sem -kringla) ; -lauss, a. with-
out a shaft (spjot -laust).
skap-tr6 or skapt-tr6, n. (?).
skap-vandr, a. dijffictdt of temper ;
-vani, a. lacking in tejnper', -varr,
a. wary of temper, discreet.
8kap-{)iggjandi, m. a lawful receiver
of weregild, opp. to ' skapbcEtandi ' ;
-J)ing, n. ordinary assembly.
skap-J)ungt, a. n. depressed in spirit
(e-m er -J)ungt).
skara (atS), v. (i) to poke, rake', s.
eld, to poke the fire ; with dat., J)eiri
osku skoruSu peir allri lit, they raked
all the ashes out ; hann skaraSi til
spjotskaptinu, he poked with the spear-
shaft ; {2) to set or cover closely ; skip
skarat skjoldum, a ship set with
shields from stem to stern.
skar-band, n. * head-ribbon \ fillet.
skarcS, n. (l) «<?/^/^, /!/^^>^, in the edge
of a thing (skor6 voru fallin 1 sverSit) ;
s. i vorr, a hare-lip ; (2} empty space,
SKARDR
[369]
skAl
breach^ gap (hoggva s. f astt e-s ; (3)
mountain pass.
skartSr, a. diminished, impaired ;
inn skardi mdni, the waning moon ;
hafa, bera skarSan hlut fyrir e-m, to
be worsted {wronged) by one ; sitja of
(um, yfir) skorflum hlut fyrir e-m, to
suffer injury from one.
skarfr (-s, -ar), m. cormorant,
skari, m. host, troop.
skark, n., skarkali, m. noise, tumult.
skark-samligr, a. tumultuous.
skarlaks-kyrtill, m. scarlet kirtle.
skarlat or skallat, n. scarlet.
skarlats-klaetSi, n. pi., -kyrtill, m.,
-mottull, m., -skikkja, f. scarlet
clothes, s. kirtle, s. matitky s. cloak.
skarn, n. dung (aka skarni 4 hola).
Bkarp-eggr, a. keen-edged', -leitr,
a. sharp-featured ; -liga, adv. sharply
(scEkja at -liga).
skarpr, a. ( i ) scorched, pinched from
dryness ; me6 skorpum reipum, with
hard ropes ; s. belgr, a shrivelled skin ;
s. fiskr, dried {hard) fish ; (2) barren
(landit er skarpt ok litit matland) ; (3)
sharp, veheme?it, bitter (skorp deila) ;
taka skarpara d, to pull sharper ; (4)
tight, stro7ig (skarpar dlar J)6ttu t)er
Skrymis vera) ; (5) keen, sharpy of
a weapon (skorp sver6).
skarp-vara, f. dried fish ; -vaxiiin,
pp. gdjcnt and bony.
skarr, n. skirmish, tumult.
skars or skass, n. ogress, giantess.
skarsl, n. the snuff of a candle.
skart, n. show,fnery (bua sik i s.).
skarta (at5), v. to make great show.
skartari, m. a vain boaster.
skart-samliga, adv. with great dis-
play (buinn -samliga); -samligr, a.
showy, -sQ,viiVy 2i. fond of show.
skarts-kona, f., -m.a(Sr, m. woman
or man given to vain display,
skata, f. skate (fish).
skati (pi. skatar or skatnar, gen.
skatna), m. ma7i (poet.).
skatta (acS), v. to make tributary,
lay a tribtite on (konungr skattaSi
landit hit efra sem hit ytra).
skatta-heimta, f. tax-gathering.
skatt-bondi, m. aft-ankUn who has
to pay tax \ -fe, n. tribute motley ;
ICEL. DICT.
-gilda (-Ida, -Idr), v. to lay tribute
on, = skatta ; -gildi, n. payment of
tribute ; -gildr, a. tributary ; -gjald,
n. = -gildi ; -gjof, f. what is given as
tribute ; -heimta, f. tax-gathering.
skattheimtu-matSr, m. tax-gatherer,
skatt-jarl, m. ^tributary earl\
vassal', -konungr, vassal king',
-land, n. tributary land, depende?icy ;
-peningr, m. tribute money.
skattr (-8, -ar), m. (i) tribute, tax
(leggja skatt d land; greiSa, gjalda,
e-m skatt) ; (2) treasure.
skatt-taka, f. = -heimta.
skatt-yrtSast, v. refl. to bandy words
(vi6 e-n) ; -yr^i, n. \i\.foid language.
skautS, f. (i) poltroon (Jju ert s. at
meiri) : (2) pi. a horse's sheath,
skauS-menni, n. poltroon.
skauf, n. a fox's brush.
skauf-hali, m. Reynard the Fox.
skaup, n. mockery, ridicule ; hafa at
skaupi, to mock, scoff at.
skaut, n. (i) corner of a square cloth
(hann var borinn i fjorum skautum
til bu6ar) ; feldr fimm alna i s., a cloak
five ells square ; of the heaven (peir
gerSu l)ar af himin ok settu hann upp
yfir jordina me3 fjorum skautum) ; (2 )
corner of a sail or sheet ; byrr beggja
skauta, a fair wind {right astern) ;
fig., hann mun verSa y6r J)ungr i
skauti, hard to deal with ; (3) fiap^
skirt of a cloak (hon hafSi yfir sik
skallats-skikkju hlaSbuna 1 s. ni5r) ;
(4) lap (sitja, liggja i skauti e-s) ; (5) a
square piece of cloth, kerchief (menn
baru Jja hluti sina i s., ok tok jarlinn
upp) ; (6) a lady's hood.
skaut-feldr, m., -hekla, f. a cloak,
or frock, with skirts.
skauti, m. kerchief.
skaut-toga (aS), v. to tug at the
skirt of one's cloak, to handle roughly,
skatSr, pp. oblique (d skaSum veg).
skai, m. relief improvement (vard
tn'gx s. d hans meini).
skak-m.a!Sr, m. ( i ) chessman ; (2)
robber, highwayman ; -tafl, n. game
of chess, chess-board.
skdl (pi. -ir or -ar), f. (i) bowl (s.
full mjadar) ; (2) scale, esp. pi., scales
(bad hann taka skdlir ok vega gullit).
Bb
SKlliA-BUI
[370]
SKEINA
skdla-bui, m. dweller in a *skdli' ;
-bunatSr, m. hangings of a ' skali ' ;
-dyrr, f. pi., -endi, -gluggr, m., -golf,
n., -hurS, f. the doorway^ end, window^
floor, aoor of a ' skdli *.
skdla-merki, n. the constellation
Libra (gengr sol fyr -merki).
skdla-amitS, f. the building a * skali ' ;
-topt, f. the site of a {forfner) * skali ' ;
-veggr, m. side-wall of a * skili ' ;
-vitSr, m. titJiberfor a * skdli '.
skdld, n. scald, poet ; -fifl, n. poet-
aster', -kona, f. poetess \ -ligr, a.
poetical \ -matSr, m. poet\ -maer, f.
poetess ; -pipa, f. a kind oi flute.
skdldskapar-hdttr, m. poetical
metre ; -mal, n. t^\. poetical diction.
skdld-skapr, m. (l) ^ scaldship*,
poetry ; (2) libel in verse,
skdl-hus, n. privy.
skdli, m. (i) htct, shed {"^xA up for
temporary use) ; (2) hall, room (cf.
* drykkju-, elda-, for-, kvenna-skali '),
esp. sleeping-hall.
skdlk-hei6r, m.. fraud, mockery.
skdlkr (-S, -ar), m. (i) servant ; (2)
rogue (Ijuga sem skdlkr).
skdlm (pi. -ir),f (i)/r^«^(t6khann
birkirapt ok reiddi um oxl, svd at
hann helt um skalmirnar) ; (2) bean-
pod ( bauna-skdlmir) ; ( 3) short sword.
skalmar-oddr, ra. point of a sword.
skdlmast (atS), v. refl. to stride.
skdlm.-61d, f. age of swords.
skdlpr (-S, -ar), m". scabbard, sheath.
skan, f. a thifi membrane, film.
skdri, a. compar., skdstr, superL,
better, best ; J)at mun J)^r raS skast, it
will be most advisable for thee.
skdri, m. young sea-?new.
sket5ja (skeS, skadda, skaddr), v.
lo do scathe to, hurt, damage, with
dat. (s. lifi e-s) ; ek skadda klsedum
bans, / spoiled his clothes ; axi var
skatt, one ear of corn was dainaged ;
with ace, pasr pora ekki myss s., they
dare not do hartn to mice.
skefinn, a. skilled in arms (?).
skegg, n. beard (honum ox eigi s.).
skegg-barn, n. bearded child (a
name given to a man by a giant) ;
-broddar, m. pi. bristles of the beard ;
-hvitr, a. white-bearded.
skeggi (pi. skeggjar), m. man, in
compds., eyjar-skeggjar, islanders.
skeggja, f. a kind of halberd (poet.).
skeggjatSr, pp. bearded.
skegg-lauss, a. beardless ; -matSr,
m. bearded man ; -siSr, a. long-
bearded ; -sta(5r, m. the bearded part
of the face ; -0x, f. = skeggja.
skeiS (pi. -ir), f (i) war-ship, galley
(snekkjur ok skeiSir) ; (2) a weaver's
reed, sley \ (3) pi. sheath (tok hann
kni'f sinn 6r skeiSum).
skeitS, n. (i) race, run ; renna s. vi3
e-n, to run a race with one ; riQa 4 s.,
to ride at full speed ', hlaupa a s., to
set off running (hann kastar niQr verk-
foerum ok hleypr a s. heim til bcEJar) ;
gera {or renna) s. at e-u, to make a
run at a thing \ skapa {or skopa) s.,
to take a run ; taka e-t a skeiSi, to
catch it on the i?wve (G. tok knottinn
d skeifli) ; (2) race-course (var Jjar
gott s. at renna eptir sldttum velli) ;
(3) a piece of way ; skammt, langt s.,
a short, long way ; (4) space of time
(J)at var eitt s., at) ; nokkut s., for
some ti?ne (Njdll l)agnadi nokkut s.) ;
um s., for a while ; annat s., after a
while, every now and then (hann
hafSi niSri a6ra hondina at jor3u ok
bregSr henni annat s. at nosum) ;
vera 4 oesku skeiSi, d l^ttasta skeiQi
aldrs, to be in the prijne of life ; vera
af oesku skei6i, to be no longer a young
man.
skeiSa (atS), v. to sheath (s. sverS).
skeitSar-kylfa, f, -kylfi, n. soine
part of a war-galley (skei6).
skei^-gata, f. good way (to ride on) ;
-reitt, a. n. good course for riding
(hofSu {)eir Kolbeinn skeiSreitt eptir
stignum).
skeitSs-endi, m. end of a course^
goal (hann snyst aptr at -enda).
skeifa, f. horseshoe.
skeif-liga, adv. awkwardly.
skeifr, a. oblique, awry ; koma
skeift vi5, to go crookedly.
skeika (atS), v. to go askew, swerve,
^o wrong (t)ar skeikadi mjok stjornin) ;
(lita) skeika at skopuSu, to {let things)
go according to fate.
skeina {-da, -dr), v. to scratch,
SKEINA
[371]
SKEMTAN
wound slightly (hefir J)u skeint t»ik ?
hann svarar : ekki em ek skeindr) ;
refl., skeinast, to get a scratch, a slight
wound.
skeina, f. scratch, slight wound
(kalla ek J)etta skeinu ok ekki skr).
skeini-samt, a. n. exposed to being
wounded (verflr honum J)a -samt).
skeinu-hsBttr, -samr, a. likely {apt)
to wotmd (sverQit verSr peim -hastt).
skekill (pi. skeklar), m. shank of a
hide ; cf. ' eyjar-, land-skekill '.
skel (gen. -jar, pi. -jar), f. shell.
skel-eggliga, adv. btiskly, vehe-
mently ; -eggr, a. shell-edged, keen-
edged ; fig. brisk, vehement.
skelfa (-tSa, -tSr), v. (i) to make to
shake, brandish (s. sverd, lind, ask) ;
(2) to make to tremble with fear,
frighten ; s. e-n af e-u, to deter ; (3)
refl., skelfast, to fear (s. e-t <?r vi6 e-t).
skelfir, m. shaker, frighte?ier,
skel-fiskr, m. shell-fish.
skelfr, a. trembling, shaky.
skelgja (-tSa), v. to ?nake squint.
skelkja (-ta, -t), v. to inock (J)eir
skelktu at likneskinu).
skelkr, n\. fright, fear \ e-m skytr
skelk i bringu, one is seized with fear
(vaenti ek, at y6r skjoti skelk i bringu).
skella (-da, -dr), v. (i) to make to
sla7ti, clash, with dat. ; s. aptr hur6u,
to slam the door ; s. lofum saman, to
clap the hands ; s. hrommum yfir, to
clutch ; s. e-u ni3r, to throw down
with a clash ; (2) to strike, smite ;
t)2er skelldu skip mitt, they shattered
7tiy ship ; s. af honum hondina, to cut
off his hand ; s. fot undan, to smite off
the foot ; (3) s. a e-n, to scold one ;
(4) s. upp ok hlasja, to burst out
laughing {Gx\n\r skelldi upp ok hlo).
skella, f. rattle (for scaring horses).
skelli-hldtr, m. roaring laughter ;
-liur6, f. a certain door [that slams of
itself) in a farm-house.
skellr (pi. -ir), m. (i) clash, splash ;
(2) slap, blow (sd hlaut skellinn, er
skyldij.
skelmi-ligr, a. devilish.
skelmir, m. rogue, devil,
skelmis-drep, n. plague, murrain.
skelmi-skapr, m. devilry.
skelpa, f. wry face (gera skelpur).
ske-ma5r, m. = skimafir.
skemd, f. (l) injury (Jjola skemdir
af e-m) ; (2) shame, disgrace.
skemdar-auki, m. shame, disgrace ;
-fullr, a. disgraceful ; -lauss, a. with-
out disgrace ; -maSr, m. villaifi ;
-ort5, n. villainous word ; -verk, n.
villainous deed; -vig, n. villainous
slaughter.
skemill, m. foot-stool.
skemma (-da, -dr), v. (i) to put to
sha77ie ; (2) to shorten, make shorter \
dagr, nott skemmist, the day, night
shortens; (3) to da7nage, spoil {s.wk^n
manna) ; vera skemmdr, to be hurt.
skemma, f. a S77iall detached build-
ing, lady's bower.
skemmi-liga, adv. sha7nefully ,
-ligr, a. sha77ieful.
skemmr, adv. compar., skemst,
superl. shorter, shortest ; of time
(hann hf(3i skemst J)eirra brceSra) ;
lengr e6a skemmr, for a longer or
shorter ti7ne,for a lo7ig or short while
(hirQi ek aldri hvart t)u verr pik lengr
e6a skemmr) ; kvaQst J)okk kunna, at
hann vaeri Jjar lengr en skemmr, the
longer the better.
skemmu-bur, n. ladfs bower \
-dyrr, f. pi., -gluggr, m., -hurS, f.
doorway, window, door of a * skem-
ma ' ; -maar, f. lad/s 77iaid ; -seta, f.
sitting in a ' skemma ' ; -veggr, m.
side-wall of a 'skemma'; -vist, f.
staying in a ' skemma '.
skemta (-ta, -t, rarely a^), v. to
a77iuse, entertai7i, with dat. ; s. ser,
to a77iuse oneself (ver erum katir ok
skemtum oss) ; skemtu peir honum
fra fei'Qum sinum, they e7itertained
hi77i by telling of their jou7-7ieys ; esp.
to entertain at 77ieetings or festivals
(with story-telling or songs) ; fra J)vi
er nokkut sagt, hverju skemt var,
what the e7iiertain)7ie7it was ; fekk
J)etta kvasSi godan rom, l^otti ok vel
skemt, a7id it was thought to be a good
e7itertainme7it.
skemtan, f. ente7'tai7i77tent, amuse-
77ie7it,pasti77ie (hvat er s. einherjanna
pa er peir drekka eigi ?) ; hafa s. af
e-u, to a77iuse oneself with a thing.
SKEMTANAR-DAQR
[372]
SKEYTA
skemtanar-dagr, m. day of enjoy-
tnent] -ganga, f. pleasure-walk^
promenade ; -rcet^a, f. entertaining
talk^ chat ; -samligr, a. a7mising.
skemti-liga, adv. amzisingly, plea-
santly (hann segir vel fra ok -liga) ;
-ligr, a. ajnusing, pleasant, interesting,
entertaining {\>6tX\ Kjartani -ligt at
tala longum vid hana).
skenking (pi. -ar), f. the serving of
drink at table.
skenkja (-ta, -tr), v. (i) with dat.
to serve with drink (fjorir menn
skenktu konum) ; (2) to pour out,
serve (drink), to one (s. e-m mjo3}.
skenkjari, m. cup-bearer.
skenkr, m. a drink to be served at a
meal (kom skenkr 1 stofuna).
skepja (skapta, skaptr, neut. skap-
it), V. = skapa ; (i) to shape, form,
fashion, create (sa ma8r, er gu6 skapti
fyrstan i heim I)enna) ; (2) to devise,
procure (konungr sag6i, at {». haf6i
J)ar sjdlfr ser laun fyrir skapit).
skepna, f. (l) shape, form (varsiSan
hverr hennar limr ok li3r med rdttri
skepnu) ; (2) a created thi?ig, creature.
skepnu-dagr, m. day of creation.
skepta (-pta, -ptr), v. to furnish
with a shaft, tnake a shaft to (s. geira,
spjot, orvar).
skepti, n. (l) shaft, handle (var
skeptit langt at spjotinu) ; (2) javelin,
= skeptifletta.
skepti-fletta, f. a kind of javelin ;
-smitSr, m. shaft-maker.
sker (gen. pi. skerja), n. rock in the
sea, skerry (sigla milli skers ok barn).
skera (sker ; skar, skarum ; skor-
inn), v.{\) to ctct (Jjeir skaru bondin) ;
s. e-n k hals, to cut one's throat
(Karkr J)ra;ll skar hann d hals) ; s. ut
or, to cut right through ; (2) to
slaughter (s. sauSi, kalf, kiS, dilk,
geldinga) ; (3) to shape, cut (hann
skar har hans ok negl) ; (4) to cut,
mow, reap (s. akr) ; (5) /<? carve, cut
cut (a bruSum stolsins var skorinn
f>6rr, ok var J)at likneski mikit) ; (6)
s. e-m hofud, to make faces at one;
skapa ok s., to have all the say in
a matter', Idta skapat s., to let fate
decide ; (7) with preps, and advs., s.
e-t af, to cut off; s. af manni, to be re^
served or reticent ; skera litt af manni,
to speak one's mind; s. ni3r kvikf^,
to slaughter the live stock (for want of
fodder) ; s. or e-u, to decide, settle (s.
or vanda-mdlum) ; nu er J)at vili vdrr,
at einn veg skeri or, that the case be
settled ; s. upp heror, J)ingbo3, to
dispatch a war-arrow, gathering-
stick ; s. upp akr, to reap a field ; (8)
refl., skerast, to stretch, branch, of a
fjord, valley ; fjorSr skarst langt inn i
landit, stretched far into the latid',
hofdarnir skdrust d vixl, the headlands
stretched across, overlapped one an-
other ; s. i setgeira-brcekr, to put on
a man' s breeches ; ef nokkut skerst i,
if anything happens ; skarst allt i
odda med Jjeim, ]3at sem vi3 bar, they
fell at odds about everything that
happened ; s. or e-u mali, to withdraw
{shrink) from a cause (gangi nu allir
til mm ok sveri eida, at engi skerist
or J)essu mali) ; s. undan e-u, to re-
fuse, decline doing a thing (mun lokit
okkrum samforum, ef J)u skerst undan
forinni) ; s. undan, to ha?ig back (Jjeir
fystu hann at sasttast, en hann skarst
undan).
skerja (-r^a, -rcSr), v. to diminish.
sker-gar(5r, m. a belt of rocks in the
sea ; -gipr, m. a kind of bird.
skerjottr, 2.. full of skerries.
skermsl, n. pi. a stretch of rugged
barren ground.
sker-ndr, m. a person left to die on
a skerry.
skerpa, f. sharpness ; med fyrstu
skerpu, i7t the first access or onslaught.
skerpingr, m. sharp effort (roa
undan i skerpingi).
skessa, {.giantess, witch.
skessi-ligr, a. 7nonstrous.
Bkeypa (-ta, -t), v. to mock (menn
skeypa at honum ok hlasja).
skeypi-liga, adv. fnockingly.
skeyta (-tta, -ttr), v. {\)io transfer,
convey a piece of la?td to another (s.
e-m jord, s. jardir til kirkju) ; (2) vera
undir e-n skyldr ok skeyttr, to be
bound, subject to o?ie ; (3) s. e-m
forvitni, to satisfy one's curiosity ; (4)
s. e-t saman, to join together \ (5) s.
SKEYTI
[373]
SKILJA
um e-t, to care for, trouble oneself
about (J)eir skeyttu ekki um \>k).
skeyti, n. shaft, missile, arrow.
Bkikka (at5j, v. to order^ set in order
or place, ordaift (rare).
sklkkja, f. cloak, tnantle.
skikkja (-ta, -t), v. to put on a
cloak ; s. sik, to cloak oneself.
skikkju-bond, n. pi. mantle-straps ;
-lauss, a. cloakless ; -rakki, m. lap-
dog', -skaut, n. lap of a cloak.
skil, n. pi. (l) distiifction', heyra,
nema orQa s., to be able to make out
words ; menn sd varla handa (fingra)
sinna s., they could hardly see their
own hands {fingers) ; (2) discernment,
knowledge ; kunna, vita %6h s. d e-u,
to be well informed of, have good
knowledge of; kunna s. runa, to know
how to read runes ; (3) adjustment ;
foera mdl til skila, to put a case right ;
gera s. d e-u, to perform^ discharge
(m^r J)ykkir usynt, hver s. ek ,qeri d
y8ru erendi) ; verSa at litlum skilum,
to be of little account, cofne to nought ;
koma e-u til skila, to put in order ; e-t
kemr til skila, is duly delivered, comes
to hand {hcmn sendi konunginum hest,
ok kom sd vel til skila) ; svd at allir
hefSi %66 s., so that all should have
their due ; hann hafQi engan erfingja
t>ann er s. vasri at, he had no trusty
heir; {^) pleading (oil logmselt s.).
skila (atS), v. (i) to expound, give
reason for, explain (vilda ek, at t)u
skilaSir J)essa rceSu) ; (2) to decide ;
I)eir dttu eigi um at s. malit, they had
not to decide the suit ; (3) s. e-u aptr,
to rettirn a thing, bring back (hann
skilaSi aptr yxnunum).
skila-mat5r, m. trustworthy man.
skil-borinn, pp. born in wedlock^
= -getinn ; -dagi, m. condition, stipu-
latioti, terjns ; me6 J^eim -daga, at,
on condition that ; -fenginn, pp. law-
fully got ; -fengin kona, a wedded
wife ; -getinn, pp. lawfully begotten,
born in wedlock ; -gbtSr, a. trust-
worthy, reliable^ respectable (-goSr
bondi) ; -greiSi, m. promptness.
skilinn, a. (1) clear, distinct (skilin
orS) ; (2) intelligent (s. til orc^a).
skilja (skil, Bkilda; skilic5r, later
skildr, skilinn), v. (i) to part, divide,
separate (su er nu kolluS Jokulsd ok
skilr Iandsfj6r6unga) ; skilr hann flokk
sinn, he divides his band ; {2) to break
off, break up (J)essi sott mun s. sam-
vistu okkra) ; sidan skildu pau talit,
they broke off their talk ; (3} to pari
company, take leave (skildu J)eir me5
mikilli vindttu) ; (4) impers. ; JDar er
leifiir (ace.) skildi, J)a skildi ok sl66ina,
where the roads parted, there the
tracks too parted; mundi s. vegu
l)eirra, their ways would diverge ;
med {)essu skilr skipti J)eirra, thus
ended their dealings ; // differs, mikit
(ace.) skilr hamingju okkra, there is
a wide difference betzueen our for-
tunes ; J)d skilr a um e-t, they disagree
about a thing ; ef skrar skilr d, if the
scrolls differ; (5) to distinguish, dis-
cern, with the eyes (nu ma ek J)ann
eigi sjd eda biSja m^r fuUtings, er ek
ma hann eigi s.) ; with the ears, to
hear (eru t)eir her sva, at J)eir megi s.
mdl mitt) ; (6) to understa7id,find out
(t)a pottist f>6rr s. hvat Idtum verit
hafdi of nottina) ; {']) to decide, settle
(skildi konungr erendi Sighvats svd,
at honum likaSi vel) ; (8) to set apart,
reserve for one (f)6 at konungr hafi
mer skilit eignir mmar eSa landsvist
i Orkneyjum) ; eiga e-t skilit, to have
reserved, stipulated (J)at atta ek skilit
vi6 I)ik, at) ; s. ser e-t, to reserve to
o?ieself (jar^ir hafSi hann bygt ok
skilit s^r allar landskyldir) ; s. e-t i
sastt, to lay down, stipulate, in ati
agree7ne7it (Jjat var skilit i ssett varri,
atj ; (9) with preps., s. e-t a vi6 e-n,
to stipulate (p6 vil ek s. a viQ |)ik
einn hlut) ; s. e-t eptir, to leave behi7id\
s. e-t fra e-u, to separate fro77i (hann
skildi sik sjalfr fra riki ok for 1
klaustr) ; to exempt fro7n (hverr mafir
skyldi gjalda konungi fimm aura, sa
er eigi vseri frd l)vi skilidr) ; s. fyrir
e-u, to formulate, dictate (s. fyrir
eiSstafinum) ; s. fyrir heiti, tofor77iu-
late, pro7iounce a vow ; s. me6
monnum, to part, separate (nott skildi
l^d me6 peim) ; impers., skilr me6
^€\m, they part (eptir J)etta skildi med
J)eim) ; s. e-t i sundr, to part asunder
SKIIiJAN-IilQR
[374]
SKIPA
(hinir skildu i sundr skipin ok gerflu
hlid i milium skipanna) ; s. e-t til, io
stipulate (vil ek ok til s., at) ; s. e-t
undan, to except^ to make a reserva-
tion for (at undan skildum heraQs-
sektum) ; s. e-t undan e-m, to deprive
one of\ s. e-t undir e-n, to leave it to
one (Njdll kvaSst l)at vilja s. undir
Hoskuld) ; s. e-n undir sastt, to include
one in an agreement (hversu marga
menn viltu s. undir saettir okkar) ; s.
undir eid, to inake an oath with
reservation ; s. vi3 c-n, to part with,
put away ; s. vi3 konu, bonda, to
divorce one's wife, one's husband ;
segja skilit vi5 konu, to declare one-
self separated from ; (io)refl.,skiljast,
to separate, break up (skildist I)a ok
ridlaSist fylkingin) ; s. vi6 e-n, e-t, to
part from, forsake (hann kve6st aldri
vi6 KAra skyldu s.) ; recipr. to part
company (skildust t>eir meS bliSskap,
feQgar) ; impers., e-m skilst e-t, one
perceives, uftderstands (mi skaltu vita,
hvart mer hafi skilizt) ; Idta ser e-t s.,
to let oneself be convinced of (Bjorn
l^t ser pat eigi s.).
skiljan-ligr, a. intelligible, distinct.
skillingr (-s, -ar), m. (i) pl. money
(hon skell um hlaut fyr skillinga) ; (2)
shilling ; shekel.
skil-litill, a. 7tot very trustworthy ;
-mdli, m. agreement, condition, stipu-
lation (me6 fteim skilmala, at).
skilnaSr, m. separation, parting,
divorce; at skilnaSi, at parting.
skilning, f. (i) separatio?i ; (2) dis-
cernment, understanding (fa skjota s.
k e-u) ; (3) sense, meaning [s. orSanna) ;
(4) view, opinion ; vera ma, at sva se,
en ek hefi hina s., but I am of the
opposite opinion.
skilningar-lauss, a. senseless, with-
out understanding ; -laus skepna, a
brute ; -mac5r, m. sensible man ; -vit,
n. sense, intellect.
a'kilningr,m. sense,meaning,opinion.
skil-ort5, n. condition, stipulation,
terms ; -rekki, n. = -riki ; -rekkr, a.
= -rikr; -riki. n. proof evidetice (syna
-riki til e-s) ; -rikliga, adv. (i)
honestly ; (2) clearly, conclusively ;
-rikr, a. (i) honest, upright; (2)
trustworthy ; -samligr, a. clear, evi"
dent; -visligr, -vias, a. trustworthy
(-vissmaSr); -vcenn.a. = -viss; -yrc5i,
n. = -ord.
skima (at$), v. to look all around,
skim.i, m. gleam of light.
skin, n. sheen, shining (s. solar).
skingr, n. a kind of cloak.
skininn, pp. bleached, withered (s.
hross-hauss).
skinn, n. skin, fur.
skinnari, m. skinner, tanner.
skinna-vara, f. peltry, fur-ware.
skinn-brcskr, f. pl. skin breeks ;
-dreginn, pp. lined with skin ; -feldr,
m. skin cloak ; -fot, n. pl., -hosa, f.,
-hufa, f. garments, hose, cap made
of skin ; -hvitr, a. white-skinned;
-klsetSi, n. pl. = -fot ; -kyrtill, m. skin
kirtle ; -lauss, a. skinless, skinned ;
-leikr, m. a kind of game ; -olpa, f.,
-rokkr, n\. jacket, kirtle of skin.
skinns-litr, m. colour of the skin,
complexion (dokkr, hvitr i. -lit).
skinn-stakkr, m. skin cloak; -J)aktr,
pp. skin-thatched, skin-covered.
skip, n. ship (of any kind),
skipa (a§), V. (i) to arrange, place
in order, d7'aw up, with dat. (Egill
skipaSi sva monnum peim, er merkit
baru) ; s. e-m fyrir e-t or yfir e-t, to
put one in charge of; s. e-m hja e-m,
to assign a seat to one beside another
(jarlinn skipa6i J)eim hj^ Gunnlaugi) ;
fig. to explain ; s. draumi, to interpret
a dream ; (2) with ace. to take up,
occtipy ; skipuSu konur pall, the
wo7nen were seated on the ' pallr ' ;
hann skipadi ondvegi, he had his
place in the high-seat ; to arrange,
array, s. fylking sina, to draw up
one's line of battle ; var skjoldum
skipat allt husit um veggina, the walls
were all hung with shields ; (3) s.
e-m e-t, to assign a thitig to one
(skipaSi hann mi allt land sinum
syslumonnum) ; also without dat.
(Geirmundr skipar jarSir sinar a laun);
(4) to man (skipuSu t^eir skipin sem
bezt) ; ek skal s. huskorlum minum
annat ski pit, / will man one of them
with my house-carles ; (5) s. til e-s, to
arrange, make ready for (s. til atlogu) ;
SKIPA
[375]
SKIP-S5QN
s. til bda sinna, to put one's household
in order ; J)6 mun eigi of skipat til
anna, there will not be too many rams
for the eives ; (6) /^ change ; biQ hann,
at l)it skipit maldaga, ask him to
change the bargain ; (7) reflex.,
skipast, to draw up (gengu t)eir ^i.
inn allir ok skipuSust 1 dyrrin) ;
skipuSust menn J)ar 1 saeti, the men
took their seats ; to undergo a change
(mart hefir skipazt i Haukadal, ok
vertu varr um J)ik) ; s. d betri leiS, to
change for the better ; s. vi6 e-t, to
yield to, be moved by (s. vi6 or6, for-
tolur e-s) ; s. vi6 orSsending e-s, to
answer to one's call ; J)enna kost
gerSum ver Hdkoni, skipaSist hann
vel viQ, he took it in good part ; im-
pers., var heitit fyrir henni morgu, ok
skipadist henni ekki vi6r, it had no
effect.
skipa (atS), v., s. e-t upp, to unload
(peir toku land ok skipuSu J)ar upp).
skipa-afli, m. naval force ; -biinatSr,
-buningr, m. the fitting out of ships,
making ready for sea ; -far, n. passage
of vessels'^ -fer(S, f. (i) sea-voyage \
(2) = -far ; -fjoldi, m. multitude of
ships ; -floti, m. a fleet of ships ; -for,
f. = -fer6 ; -gangr, m. = -fer6 (2) ;
-g0rt5, f. sliip-buildifig ; -herr, m.
naval force ; -kaup, n. tradi?ig with
a ship in harbour; -kostr, m. naval
force ; -lauss, a. without ships ; -leitS,
f., -leiSi, n. way by sea ; -leiga, f.
hire of a ship \ -li§, n. naval force ;
-lytSr, m. shipmen, seamen ; -Isegi, n.
berth ; -macSr, m. seaman, sailor.
skipan, f. (1) order, arrangement \
A. sagSi, hver s. vera skyldi fyrir li6i
hans, how his troops should be drawn
up ; J)essi var s. i. gongu konungs til
kirkju, this was the order of the royal
procession ; (2) manniftg of a ship,
crew ; sex skip skipud tullri s., fully
manned ; (3) place, berth, as one
of the crew (hann tok ser s. mefi
l)eim manni, er t>6r61fr hdt) ; (4)
due order, due course, disposition, ar-
7'angement [\€t hann upp lesa bref
um s. rikisins) ; (5) orders (t)eir
beidcust skipunar af konungi) ; (6)
change ; mun honum J)ykkja god s. i.
komin, he will think that good change
has taken place.
skipanar-br6f, n. writ ; -brigtS, n.
trespass against an order.
skipa-orruata, f. sea-fight ; -reiSi,
m. a shifis rigging.
skipari, m. seaman, sailor.
skipa-saumr.m. ship-nails; -smiSr,
m. shipwright ; -sniitS, f. ship-build-
ing; -stoU, m. supply of ships, fieet ;
-tollr, m. ship-tax.
skip-batr, m. a shifs boat ; -borS,
n. a ship's board, gunwale ; -brot,
n. (i) shipwreck ; vera i -broti, to be
shipwrecked; (2) ^^X.pieces of a wrecked
ship (cCtluSu ^eir at gera ser skip or
-brotunum).
skipbrots-maSr, m. a shipivrecked
person (syna -manni, hvar hofn var).
skip-buinn, pp. ready to sail 'y
-bunatSr, m. a ship'' s fittings ; -drattr,
m. ship-launching ; -ferS, f. sea-
voyage ; -f jol, f. a ship' s plank ; stiga
i. -fjol, logo on board ; -flak, n. wreck ;
-foerr, a. navigable for a ship (veSr
hvasst ok eigi -foert) ; -for, f. sail-
ing, voyage (verai -forum) ; -gengr,
a. navigable ; -gor c5, f . ship-building ;
-herra, m. ship-master, captain ;
-hlutr, m. the ship's share of a catch ;
-hrsB, n. wreck of a ship ; -hraBddr,
a. afraid of the sea ; -kaup, n. pur-
chase of a ship ; -kostr, m. = skipa-
kostr ; -kvama, f. arrival of a ship ;
-ksBnn, a. skilled as a seaman ; -lausa,
a. ship less ; -leggja, v. to bury in a
ship ; -leiga, f. the hire of a ship ;
-matSr, m. sailor, ferry ma?i ; -prestr,
m. a ship's chaplaijt ; -pund, n. ship-
pound ; -ra, f. sailyard ; -reitSa, f.
' ship-levy ' ; -reitSi, m. a ship's rig-
ging; -rum, n. berth, esp. of fisher-
men ; -sala, f. a ship's sale ; -saumr,
m. ship-riails.
skips-bortS, n. gimwale ; -brot, n.
= skipbrot ; -drattr, m. = skipdrattr;
-flak, n. = skipflak ; -haski, m. dan-
ger at sea: -hofn, f. cre%v.
skip-slet5i, m. ship-sledge ; -sniit$r,m.
= skipasmi6r; -smi6, f. ship-building;
-sokn, f. = -sogn ; -stafa, m. a ship's
stejn ; -stjorn, f. command of a ship ;
-sveinn, m. = -ma5r ; -sogn, f. crew.
SKIPT
[376]
SKID-FCERI
skipt, f. the camp of the Varangians
at Constantinople.
skipta (-pta, -ptr), v. (i) to divide ;
s. e-u i tva stadi, to divide into two
parts \ s. e-u med s^r, to divide be-
tween themselves (svimum monnum
skiptu ]3eir me6 ser til anauSar) ; (2)
to share^ deal out (nornir skipta geysi-
ujafnt) ; enda skipti gu3 me6 oss, and
so 7nay God judge between us ; {3) to
shift, change (s. litum, nafni, skapi) ;
(4) pat skiptir engu (litlu, miklu), // is
of no ( little, great) importance^ it makes
no {little, great) dj'erence ; mik skip-
tir engu, it is of no moment to me, does
not concern me ; s. mdli, to be of i^n-
portance (I)6tti henni allmiklu mali
s., at per toekist stormannliga) ; eiga
md.li at s. um e-t, to have a right to
deal with, be conceriied about, a thin^',
pat mun tveimr s., it will ttnn out in
one of tiuo ways ; ser Palnatoki, at
mun tveimr um s., that it will turn
out one way or the other \ pat skipti
morgum hundruSum, it was a matter
of [it^ amounted to) many hmtdreds ;
sitr Olafr nu i.i bui si'nu, svd at vet-
rum skipti, for several years ; (5)
absol. to come about, happen ; ef pvi er
at s., if it co7nes to that ; pvi er at s.
p6, it will however turn out so ; (6)
with preps., s. ser af e-u, to take part
in, concern 07ieself with, a thing
(Glumr skipti ser ekki af um busyslu) :
s. e-u fyrir e-t, to exchange a thing for
another; undarliga skiptit ^r i\\,ye do
strangely with things impers., skip-
tir e-n \ eg til, // turns out, comes to pass
(pannig skipti til sem ulikligra mundi
pykkja) ; s. um e-u, to chatige ; s. um
trunaSi sinum, to go over to the other
side ; s. um e-t, to change (s. um bii-
sta6, lanardrottna, nafn) ; s. um, to
co7ne to a crisis, turn one way or other
(skjott mun um s.) ; s. e-u vi6 e-n, to
exchange witli another [s. hoggum vi5
e-n) ; s. orSum \ i3 e-n, to bandy words
with 07ie', s. riki vi6 e-n, to share the
kingdo77t with (sa hann engan annan
sinn kost en s. riki vi5 Harald) ; (7)
refl., skiptast, to divide the7nseh'es,
disperse (skiptust peir, snoru sumir
nordr) ; to change (pd skiptust tungur
6. Englandi, er Vilhjalmr bastarSr vann
England) ; recipr., skiptast e-u vid, to
7nake an exchange ; s. gjofum (hogg-
um) vi6, to exchange presents {blows) ;
s. vi6 um r66r, to row by turns.
skip-taka, f. the seizi7tg of a ship ;
-tapi, m. loss of a ship (at sea).
skipti, n. (i) division, distribution,
sharing (per hafit land lirit, en erut
margir til skiptis); (2) change (morgum
potti petta s. mjok i moti skapi) ; (3)
shift (pat munu Danir kalla betra s. at
drepa heldr viking norrcenan en br66-
urson sinn danskan) ; (4) plur. deal-
ings, transactio7is, disputes, fights
(pau ein s. munu vit eiga, at p^r mun
eigi betr gegna).
skipti-ligr, a. (l) changeable-, (2)
divisible,
skipting, f. (i) division ; (2) change.
skiptingr, m. (i) changeling', (2)
idiot (inn mesti s. ok afglapi).
skipti-tiund, f. tithe to be divided
into four pa7-ts.
skip-tjon, n. = -tapi ; -toUr, m.
ship's toll', -toturr, m. hulk.
skipu-liga, adv., -ligr, a. orderly.
skip-ver5, n. a ship's price ; -veri,
m. one of the crew, plur., -verjar, the
crew ; -viSr, m. a ship' s ti77ibers ;
-vist, f. the being one of the crew.
skirpa (-pta, -pt), v., see ' skyrpa '.
skirra (-t5a, -cSr). v. (i) to frighten
(cf. 'skjarr'), with ace; (2) to pre-
7fe7it, avert, with dat. (s. vandraeSum);
( s) refl., skirrast e-t, \ i6 e-t, to shrink
froDi, shun.
skitinn, pp. dirty (skitnir ok funir
k'as3a!eppar).
ski, n. jugglery, Iegerde7nai7i.
skits, n. ( I ) billet of wood, firewood
(kljufa s.) ; (2) esp. pi., long s7iow'
shoes, ' ski' (fara, renna, skrida, kunna
i. skiSum).
skiSa, f. piece of split wood, billet,
stick, = skid I (klauf hann par f^or i
skiSur einar ok lagQi siSan ield).
skit5a-fang, n. an ar77iful of logs',
-far, n . -fertS, f . going or travelling
on snow-shoes', -geisli, m. bahuicing
stafi used with ^ ski' ; -lilatSi, vn.pile
of fire-wood,
skitS-fceri, n. (l) surface for snow-
SKID-FCERR
[377]
skjAlpa
j^^^j(gott-foeri); (2) snow- shoe gear ;
-foerr, a. good at travelling on snow-
shoes ; -gartSr, m. wooden pali?igs,
wooden fence (|». hleypr yfir ski3garc3
nokkurn).
skits i, n. sheath, = skeiSir, sliSrar.
skitSi-jarn, n. '' sheaih-iron\ sword
(drogu I)eir or skiSi skidijdrn).
skiS-kjalki, -slet5i, m. snow- sledge
shaped like a s?ww-shoe.
skifa, f. slice (cf. ' brauS-skifa').
skifa (-t5a, -tSr), v. to slice, cut into
slices (matti J)ar sjd hjdlma skifSa).
8ki-ma6r, vc\.. pretender, hypocrite.
skina (skin ; skein, skinum ; skin-
inn), V. to shine (ve6r var fagrt,
skein sol 1 heiSi) ; impers., mun s. af
i dag, it will clear tip to-day.
skira (-5a, -t$r), v. (i) to cleanse,
purify (s. silfr) ; skira sik, to clear
{purge) oneself hy an oath or ordeal ;
(2) to baptize, christen (skirdi prestr
barnit) ; lata skirast, to be baptized.
skirari, m. baptizer, baptist.
skir-borinn, pp. born in wedlock.
skir-dagr, m. Maundy -Thursday.
skir-draepr, a. dazzling', -getinn,
pp. = -borinn.
skiri-fa^ir, m. one^s ' baptizing
father'' ; -J)6rsdagr, m. = skirdagr.
skir-leiki, -leikr, m. purity ; -leitr,
a. bright-faced', -liga, adv. purely,
chastely ; -ligr, a. bright ; -ligr i yfir-
bragQi, at yfirlitum, bright of coun-
tenance ; -lifi, n. chastity ; -lifr, a.
pure-lived, chaste.
skirn, f. baptisin, christening ', halda
barni undir s., to stand godfather;
taka s., to be baptized.
skirna (atS), v. to becojne clear.
skirnar-brunnr, m. baptismal font ;
-dagr, m. baptisinal day : -embaBtti,
n. = -J)j6nusta ; -fontr, m. baptismal
font : -hald, n. standing godfither ;
-klsetSi, n. pi. baptismal clothes,
= hvitavaSir ; -nafn, n. baptismal
name', -vain, n. baptisinal water',
-J)j6nusta, f. baptisfn, christening.
skirr (skirri or skirari, skirstr), a.
(l) clear, blight, ptire, of glass, metal,
water, sky, &;c. 's. mjodr, skirt vatn, s.
malmr, skirt silfr) ; (2) cleansed from
guilt (hon skal oruggliga bera mega
J)etta j^rn ok skir verSa) ; (3) of the
voice, clear (med skirri raustu).
skir-skota (atS), v. to refer or stib-
mii to judgement (E. -skotafli {jessum
orskurSi undir {)a menn alia, er vifl
voru), or to testimc7iy (skirskota e-u
undir e-n, e-u fyrir e-m, e-u vid vitni
e-s) ; -skota til e-s, to appeal to.
skirsl, {.purification, ordeal.
skirsla, f., skirsli, n. = skirsl ; fig.,
gera skirslu til e-s, to put to the test.
skita (skit, skeit, skitinn), v.
= drita ; J)eir fuglar, er i sitt hreiSr
skita, that foul their otun nest.
skit-karl, m. dirty fellow.
skja5ak, n. (i) a kind of weed, dar-
nel', (2) an ill-flavoured or poisonotis
ele7netit (s. i mungati).
skjal, n. empty talk, gossip.
skjala (a$), v. to prate, swagger.
skjalda (a$), v. to cover (furnish)
with a shield or shields.
skjaldar-bukl, n. shield-boss ; -fet-
ill, m. shield-sf?'ap ; -rond, f. rim of
a shield ; -sport5r, m. the lower pointed
end of a shield.
skjalda-skrifli, n. pi. old worn-out
shields (-skrifli ok baugabrot).
skjald-borg, f. wall [rampart) of
shields, an old battle-array (skipa
monnum i -borg) ; -fimr, a. dexterous
with Okie's shield ; -hvalr, m. a kind
of whale ; -jotunn, m. a kind of war-
engine ; -maBr, f. amazon \ -rim, f.
' shield-rifn ' (on a ship); -sveinn, m.
shield-bearer; -t)ili, n. wainscoting.
skjaligr, a. talkative.
skjall, n. the white me?nb?-ane of an
<?^^(skjalli hvitara).
skjalla (skell ; skall, skullum ;
skoUinn), v. to clash, clatter (a haelum
hringar skullu).
skjall-koenliga, adv. in a swagger-
ing ma7i7ier.
skjallr, a. (i) lotid, shrill (s. brestr) ;
(2) hann kvad ser vera ekki einkar
skjallt, he said he did not pel well.
skjall-raddaSr, a. clear-voiced.
skjanni, m. the side of the head.
skjarr, a. sky, ti7nid (s. sau6r); s. vi5
e-t, shy [afraid) of [s. vi6 skot).
skja, f. = skjar.
slyalfa (skelf; skalf, skulfum;
SKJAIiF-HENDR
[378]
SKJOT-LITIT
skolfit), V. to shiver^ shake, quiver
(honum potti s. basSi jor6 ok himinn) ;
J)eygi henni hendr skulfu, her hands
f altered not at all.
skjalf-hendr, a. with trembling
hand, tremulous.
akjalfra (aS), v. to shiver, shake.
skjalfta-fullr, a. shivering.
skjdlfti, m. shivering.
skjalgr, a. (i) wry, oblique', (2)
squifiting, as a nickname (f>6r61fr s.).
skjdlgr, m., in the phrase, skjota 1
skjdlg augunum, to look askance.
slgdr (pi. skjdir), m. a window-
frame with a transparent membrane
over it, fitting to the opening (Ijori) in
the roof, or to the window in the side-
wall (cf. 'hliSskjar').
^\k-^rind.2iM.ZQ^,i.membranewifidow.
skjotSa, f. a small skin-bag.
skjotSu-pungr, m. skin-purse.
Bkjol, n. shelter, cover ; skjota skjoli
yfir e-n, to give shelter to,
skjola, f. pail, bucket.
skjota (sky t ; skaut, skutum; skot-
inn), V. {i) to shoot with a weapon,
with dat. (s. oru, spjoti, kolfi) ; vera
skotinn spjoti 1 gegnum, to be shot
through with a spear ; s. af boga,
to shoot with a bow ; with the
object shot at in ace. (s. dyr, mann,
sel, fugl); s. at e-m, til e-s, to shoot at
one ; s. til hoefis, to shoot at a mark ;
(2) to shoot, push or shove quickly ;
s. brii af, to draw the bridge off or
away ; s. skildi fyrir sik, to put a
shield before 07ie\ s. loku fyrir, to shoot
the bolt, lock the door ; s. fra lokum,
to unlock ; s. e-u fyrir bord, to shoot
overboard ; s. skipum a vatn, to launch
ships ; s. bdti, to launch a boat from
the shore ; s. utan bati, to shove out a
boat', s. hesti undire-n, to put ahorse
under otie, to mount him ; var mer
hdr skotit i. land, / was put ashore
here ; s. e-u ni6r, to thrust it down
(hann skaut svd. fast niSr skildinum,
at) ; s. e-m brott or undan, to let one
escape ; s. undan peningum,/<? abstract,
embezzle money ; s. e-u i hug e-m, to
suggest to one (J)^ skaut gu3 t)vf ra6i
1 hug J)eim) ; s. upp hvitum skildi, to
hoist a white shield \ s. upp vita, s.
eldi f vita, to light up a beacon ; s.
land-tjaldi, to pitch a tent ; s. i. fylk-
ing, to draw up in battle array ; s. i.
husj)ingi, to call a meeting together ;
s. a eyrendi, to make a speech ; s. fot-
um undir sik, to take to one's heels, to
run ; barnit skaut ondu upp, the child
began to breathe ; s. e-u of oxl, to
throw off one's shoulder ; (3) /^ trans-
fer a case to another; vertolf domendr,
er mdlum J)essum er til skotit,/^ whoju
these suits are handed over ; sky t ek
J)vi til gu6s ok g63ra manna, at, / call
God and all good men to witness, that ;
(4) to pay (hann skaut einn fyrir sveit-
unga sina alia) ; (5) impers., e-u skytr
upp, it shoots up, emerges, comes forth\
upp skytr jorSunni J)a or sasnum, then
the earth rises from the sea ; skaut
upp j6r6u dag frd, degi, the earth ap-
peared day by day {2lS the snow melted);
po at per skyti j)vi i hug, thotigh it
shot into thy mind, occurred to thee ;
l)eim skaut skelk i bringu, they were
panic-stricken ; sem kolfi skyti, swijt
as a dart', (6) refl., skjotast, to shoot,
start, move quickly ; hann skauzt i.
foetr, he started to his feet ; Bjorn
skauzt aptr at baki Kdra, B. sprang
back again behind K. ; at menu bans
skytist eigi fra honum, lest his men
should slip away, desert ; hann vildi
Ijosta Gretti, en hann skauzt undan,
he avoided the blow; s. e-m, to fail',
margir skutust honum, many forsook
him ; skutust J)d. margir vi6 t>6rd i
trunaSinum, many proved false to
Thord; hann var nokkut vi6 aldr, ok
skauzt i. fotum, and tottered oft his
legs ; e-m skyzt yfir um e-t, one over-
looks, fails to notice a thing (peim
hafQi yfir skotizt um t)etta) ; recipr.,
skjotast i., to exchange shots.
skjot-fara, a. indecl. swift-going ;
-foeri, n. swiftness ; -foerr, a. swift ;
-gorr, a. soon ?nade ; -hendr, a. swift-
handed ; -keypt, pp. n. a hasty bar-
gain ; -k0rinn, pp. soon chosen ;
-Idtr, a. quick, alert; -leikinn, a.
nifnble ; -leikr, m. fleetness ; -liga,
adv. (i) swiftly, quickly; (2) soon;
-ligr, a. quick, alert ; -litit, pp. n.,
gera -litit e-t mal, to hurry ^ be rash in
SKjbT-IiYNDR
[379]
SKOT
a thing ; -lyndr, a. impatient^ rash ;
-msBlgi, f. rash speech ; -ortSliga, adv.
in a few words ; -ort5r, a. quick-
spoken^ ready of tongue.
skjotr, m. vehicle, horse.
skjotr, a. swift, fleet (s. hestr) ; ^uick,
short (skjot svor) ; neut., skjott, as
adv. speedily (hon bjo sik skjott).
skj6t-rac5it, pp. n. hastily decided]
-raSr, a. quick {rash) in resolving]
-rastSi, n. rashness ; -svarinn, pp.
rashly swor?t.
skjottr, a. piebald (of a horse).
skjot-yrtSi, n. pi. hasty words.
skjoldr (gen. akjaldar, dat. skildi ;
pi. skildir, ace. skjoldu), m. shield]
hafa e-n at skildi fyrir sdr, to have
another as a shield before one ; bera
efra (hserra) skjold, to have the best of
it, to gain the day ; J)j6na undir {)ann
skjold, to serve under that standard]
leika tveim skjoldum, to play a double
game ; koma i opna skjoldu, to attack
in flank {from the left) ; skjota skildi
yfir e-n, to protect one.
skjoplast (at5), v. refl. to fail (kvaS
Sigmundr hann skjoplazt hafa i ferd-
inni) ; to give way.
skotSa (atS), v. to look after, view^
review (konungr haf6i skodat liQ sitt) ;
refl., sko6ast um, to look abottt.
skoc5an, f. viewing, examination.
skokkr (-s, -ar), m. chest, trunk.
skola (aS), v. to wash ; also impers.
(skolaQi til hafs ollu or skipinu).
skol-brunn, a. swarthy, brown.
Bkolla (-da, skollat), v. tohang over,
dafigle ] to skulk away, keep aloof.
skolli, \Xi.fox, Reynard (hann spur-
6i, hvart s. vasri inni).
skollr, m. skulking, deceit (nokkurr
s. var i skapi buand-karla).
skolpr (-S, -ar), m. a turner's chisel.
skoltr (-S, -ar), r^. jaw.
Bkons, m. sco?ice, lantern.
Bkop, n. knocking, = skaup.
skopa (at5), v. (i) to mock, sco^, =
skeypa ; (2) to take a run (s. skei6).
skopt, n. hair (s. heitir har).
skor (pi. -ar), f. (i) score, notch,
incision ; (2) a rift in a rock or pre-
cipice (hleypr hann ofan fyrir skorina).
skora (atS), v. {i) to chafe, rub, gall
(jarnin skoruSu mjok at beini) ; (2;
to make a score or incision in (sumir
ganga at med bol0xar ok skora foeti
a filunum) ; s. e-t sundr, to cut asun
^^^ \ (3) lo challenge ; s. e-m (or e-nj
a holm (til holmgongu, til holms, til
einvigis), to challenge to a duel] (4)
s. a e-n, to call upon, request strongly
(J)eir skoruSu k hann fast) ; s. k e-n
til e-s, to call upon one for a thing
(s. d e-n til liSveizlu, fulltings) ; s. a
e-n til holmgongu, to challenge one to
fight] (5) to urge, insist upon (fast
skorar pu t>at) ; s. e-t mdl vi5 e-n, to
broach a matter to one (konungr
skorar t)a Jietta mdl vi6 hana sjalfa) ;
(6) s. e-t i, to stipulate (f>. skoradi t)at
i, at); (7) to score, count by tallies
(hann l^t J)a s. liSit).
skor-bildr, m. scoring-axe.
skortSa, f. stay^ prop (setja skorSur
undir skip) ; fig., reisa (setja) skordur
vi5 e-u, to put a stop tOy take precau^
tions against.
skor^a (aS), v. to prop, support by
shores (l)eir skor5udu skipit).
skorin-ortSr, a. clear-spoketi.
skorpinn, a. shrivelled (s. belgr ;
skorpit skinn).
skorpna (at$), v. to shrivel up
(skorpnar skor at foeti mer) ; fig.,
skorpnar at, // presses hard (t)er mun
^ykkja mjok at s.).
skor-steinn, m. chimney.
skort, pp. n., used as adv., short of\
var hann J)ar litit s. viku, he was there
little short of a zueek.
skorta (-rti, -rt), v. to be lacking to
one (eigi mun t)ik karlmenska s.) ;
mostly impers., e-n skortir e-t, one is
in want of, is short of] ekki skortir
ykkr ahuga,jK^ do not lack heart ; e-n
skortir vi6 e-n, to be one's inferior^
fall short of one ] honum J)6tti sik s.
vi3 oss, he thought he fell short of us ;
skortir a e-t, it is lacking] J)at er a
skorti, what was lacking.
skortr, m. wa7it, lack, scarcity. _
skot, n. (i) shooting, shot (pottist J>.
eigi hafa skotit betra s.) ; (2) the thing
shot, fnissile, = skeyti (ef fleiri s. eru
i hvalnum) ; (3) appeal ; er til bans
miklu minna s. en margir lata yfir,
SKOTAH
[380]
SKRAUT
there is less appeal to {less worth in)
him than folks say ; (4) a narrow
dark passage, running along the wall
of the ancient hall (gekk hann inn ok
i s., er var um eldahusit).
Skotar, m. pi. the Scots (Skota jarl).
skot-bakki, m. ' shooting-bank ',
butts (foru peir 1 -bakka okvondust
vi6 skot) ; -eldr, m. Greek fire (?) ;
-eygr, a. restless of eye ; -f6, n. =
-hlutr; -fimi, f. skill in archery \
-fceri, n. shot-range ; koma 1 -fceri, to
come within shot ; liggja i -foerum vi6,
to be within bow-shot ; -foerr, a. skil-
ful as an archer ; -henda, -hending,
f. half rhyme ; -hendr, a. co7nposedin
the Jtietre -henda ; -hlutr, m. shooter's
share ; -hritS, f. shower of missiles ;
-hvalr, m. a dead whale with a har-
poon in it ; -matSr, m. shooter, har-
pooner ; -nadl, n. ratige ; langt -mal,
a long range ; koma 1 -mdl, to come
within range ; -peningr, m. pocket-
money, subsistence-mo7iey,
skotra (at5), v. to shove, push, with
dat. (berserkirnir skotruSu Gretti).
skot-silfr, n. = -peningr ; -spdnn,
m. target ; hafa e-n at skotspaeni, to
make a butt of one.
skotta (atS), v. to move to and fro
(jarl let s. vi5 skip sin, ok lagQi ekki
at sinni til orrustu).
skot-teinn, m. a stick used as a
mark] -vagn, m. catapult; -vdpn,
n. missile ; -vondr, m. a wand to be
shot ; -yr5i, n. pi. scoffs, tatmts.
skozkr, a. Scottish, Scotch.
sko-broddr, m. ice-spur (vera d
-broddum) ; -fot, n. pi. shoes.
skogar-bjorn, m. wood-bear, co7n-
mon bear ; -braut, f. forest-path ;
-brenna, f. forest-fire ; -biii, m. a
dweller near a wood ; -dyr, n. zvood
deer ; -gata, f. forest-path ; -geit, f.
wood-goat, wild goat ; -hdls, m.
wooded neck or ridge ; -horn, n. =
-nef ; -hunang, n. wild honey ; -hogg,
n. tree-felling', -kjarr. n. brush-
wood] -maSr, m. outlaw ; -nef, n.
out-skirt of a wood ; -rjoSr, n. clear-
ing in a wood ; -runnr, m. thicket ;
-skipti, n. division of a wood ; -spell,
n. damage done to a wood ; -sura, f.
wood-sorrel, cuckoo's meat; -ull, f.
cotton ; -vondr, m. wand from the
forest ; -0x, f. wood-axe.
skog-barn, n. ' wood-bairn ' ; -bjdrn,
m. wood-bear ; -gangr, m. outlawry.
skoggangs-ma^r, m. outlaw, =
sk6garmaQr ; -stefna, f. trial for
outlawry ; -sok, f. a case or suit
involving outlawry ; -I)yfi, n. theft
punishable with outlawry.
skog-land, n. wood-land] -lauss, a,
woodless ] -ottr, a. wooded, woody.
skogr (-ar, -ar), m. wood, forest
(var t)a s. milli fjalls ok fjoru) ; fara 1
skog, to go foiesti?ig ; stefna e-m til
skogar, to swmnon a person with
intent to outlaw him ; leysa e-n or
skogi, to free one from outlawry.
skog-vaxinn, pp. overgrown with
wood] -vondr, m. = skogar- vondr.
sk6-kl8etSi, n. shoes, «= -fot.
skola-bro^ir, m. school-fellow ;
-klerkr, m. scholar ; -meistari, m.
school-master ; -nafn, n. school-nick-
name ] -sveinn, m. schoolboy.
sko-lauss, a. shoeless, barefoot.
skoli, m. school (J)eir vAru bdSir
saman i skola).
sko-ndl, n. cobbler's needle.
skor (gen. skos, pi. skuar, later
skor), m. {\) shoe ; kippa skom d foetr
s^r, to pull on one's shoes ; leysa
skua af e-m, to untie a person' s shoes ]
(2) ho7'se-shoe (t^ott skuarnir hryti
undan hestum {)eira).
sko-smiSr, m. ' shoe-s7nith *, shoe-
77iaker] -sveinn, m. waiti7ig-man,
servant] -vdtr, a. wet on the shoes,
wet-footed ] -Jjvengr, m. shoe-string,
latchet (skufa5ir skojjvengirj.
skraddari. m. tailor.
skraf, n. chat, talk.
skrafa (at5), v. to prate, chat ; re-
cipr., skrafast vi6, to talk together.
skraf-finnr, -karl, m. chatterbox.
skrap, n. (i) clatteri7ig] (2) chat^
tit lie-tattle : (3) hc77iber, t7-u77ipery.
skrapa (aS), v. (i) to clatter] (2)
to prate ; (3) /^ scratch out.
skrapla (at5), v. to grate, clatter.
skratta-karl, m., skratti, m. vile
wizard ; wicked sorcerer.
akraut, n. ornatnent, fi7tery.
SKRAUT-BUINW
[381J
SKRIDA
skraut-buinn, pp. richly dressed \
-girni, f. showiness of dress \ -gjarn,
a. showy ; -leikr, m. show, splendour ;
-liga, adv. r;V/z/v (-ligabuinn) ; -ligr,
a. showy y splendid, magnijicent',
-menni, n. showy pej'son.
skra (gen. skrdr, pi. skrdr), f.
{l) piece of dry skin or parchment]
(2) a scroll for writing on, a written
scroll ; setja k s. to commit to writ-
ing ; i J)essari s. in this scroll.
skrd (skra(5a, skrdtSr), v. (i) to fut
on a scroll, enter (at s. nofn J)eira
allra) ; (2) to enrol (E. let lesa upp,
hverir skraSir varu a konungsskipit).
skrama (-di), v., see skrasma.
skrama, f. scar.
skram-leitr, a. of dusky complexio7i.
skrapr, m. shark's skin.
skra-setja (see setja), v. to put on a
scroll, enter, enrol, = skra.
skref, n. pace (i einu skrefi).
skrefa (at5), v. to stride, pace,
skreiS, f. (i) shoal offish ; s. varga,
a flock of wolves ; (2) dried fsh,
= skorp s. (skorti basdi mjol ok s.).
skreiSar-farmr, m., -hlat5i, m. a
cargo, pile of dried pish.
skreiSast (dd), v. to creep, slink ; s.
fyrir borS, to crawl over the ship's
side ; s. aptr af hestinum, to slip
down from the horse.
skreic5-fi.ski, f. cod-fishery ; -foeri, n.
= ski6foeri.
skreioingr, m. subterfuge.
Bkreppa, f scrip, bag.
skreppa (skrepp ; skrapp, skrup-
pum ; skroppinn), v. (i) to slip',
skruppu honum loetr, his feet slipped ',
(2) to slip away, absent oneself ; margir
boejarmenn skruppu inn i garda sina,
sktilked away into their homesteads.
skreppu-skrutSi, m. the contents of
a scrip (skreppa ok allr -skrufli).
skreyta (-tta, -ttr), v. to ornament,
adorn, dress fne (skreyttr inum bezt-
um klseSum).
skre37ting, f. ejnbellishment.
skriSa, f. landslips avalanche (hlj6p
s. a bceinn).
8kri6-dyr, n., -kvikendi, n. reptiles,
worms', -ligr, a. creeping', -ligt kvi-
kendi, reptile ; -Ijos, n. lanter?t.
skrit^na (at5), v. to slip^ slide \
skriSnadi hann oSrum foeti, he slipped
with one foot ; skri6nu6u honum foetr,
his feet slipped; s. or s. i sundr, to
come to an end (mest vdn, at vi5 Jjetta
skriQni vdrt felag).
skritSnan, f. slipping^ stufnbling.
skritSr (gen. -ar), m. a creeping or
gliding motion, of a reptile (beina
peir sinn skri6); of a s\{v^, forward
jnovement, course, speed ; tok skridinn
af skipinu, the ship stopped.
skrifa (acS), v. (i) to draw, paint
(sogur J)asr, er skrifadar varu a eki-
husinu) ; (2) to write (eptir J)vi sem
fr63ir menn hafa skrifat).
skrifari, m. (i) painter; {2) writer,
transcriber (klerkr ok s.).
skrifli, n. fragment (cf. * skjalda-
skrifli ').
skrif-ligr, a. written.
skrim, n. faint light, gleam,
skrimsl, n. monster (s. J)au, er J)ar
vafra 1 hofum umhverfis).
skript (pi. -ir), f. (i) picture, draw-
ing (seglit var sett med fogrum skrip-
tum) ; (2) writing, writ', (3) cotifes-
sion {to a priest) ; veita e-m s., to
confess one ; ganga til skriptar, skrip-
ta, to go to confession ; (4) penance
(setja e-m s.) ; (5) punishment (troll
kvadu Kaldrana hata fengit makliga
s. fyrir sinn tilverknaS).
skripta (a (5), v. (i) to shrive, confess,
hear the confession of, with dat. (bis-
kup for at s. Jjeim) ; (2) to enjoin
penance (s. e-m at vatnfasta) ; (3) to
punish (varu sumir halshoggnir, en
sumum annan veg skriptat) ; (4) with
ace. to confess (s. sinar syndir) ; (5)
refl., skriptast vid e-n, to confess to
(skriptaSist S. vi6 {>orm63 prest) ; Idta
s., to go to confession.
skriptatJr, pp. shriven.
skripta-fat5ir,m. confessor; -ganga,
f., -gangr, m. confession (to a priest) ;
-lauss, a. unshriven; -mat5r, m. a
man under penance, penitent ; -mdl,
n. pi. confession (heyra skriptamdlin) ;
-prestr, m. confessor,
skript-rof, n. breach of a penance.
skritSa (skritS ; skreiS, skriSum ;
skritSinn), v. (i) to creepy crawly of
SKRIN
[382]
SKUIiD
reptiles; hann brdst i orms li'ki ok
skreiS i nafars-raufina, Ae transformed
himself to a serpent and crept into the
auger-hole ; of persons (hann skreid
upp i fjoruna) ; s. undir skegg e-m, to
creep under another's beard^ to hum-
ble oneself \ saman ni3ingar skriSa,
^ birds of a feather flock together^ ;
(2) of a ship, to glide, ^^//(pu skynjar
eigi, hvdrt skipit skri5r undir per e3a
eigi) ; {3) l<y slide on snow-shoes
(skreifi Arnljotr sem hann foeri laussj ;
(4) fig. s. til skarar (see ' skor ' i).
skrin, n. shrine (of a saint).
skrm-g0rc5, f . shrine-making ; -lag-
ning, f. enshrinement \ -leggja, v. to
enshrine ; -smiSr, m. shrine-maker.
skripa-hofutS, n. monster-head.
skripi, xi. grotesque monster y phan-
tom ; -ligr, a. monstrous. ^
skripindi, n. pi. = skripi.
skrj^ (skij^tSa), v. to sneak about
(Narfi skrjdQi um it ytra).
skrjupr, a. weak, frail.
skrokkr, m. body^ carcase.
skropa-matSr, m. hypocrite.
Bkropar, m.pl. shajn, hypocrisy,
skropa-sott, {.feigned illness.
skrum, n. swaggering talk.
skruma (at5), v. to swagger, chatter.
skrumari, m. swaggerer, braggart.
skrut5, n. (i) tackle, gear ; (2) orna-
ment, apparel (skryddr konungligu
skru6i); (3) fur?iiture of a church;
(4) costly stuff (sem af skrudi einu
vasri gor seglin).
skru$-hosa, f. hose made of a costly
stuff {s\ix\ib)', -hus, n. vestry.
skru$i, m. (i) ornaments, raiment,
esp. church vestments (vegligum skru-
6a skryddr) ; (2) gear, tackle.
skru^-klsBSi, n. pi. fine clothes',
-kyrtill, m. a klrtle of costly stuff;
-sokkr, m. = -hosa.
skruf, n, hay-cock, corn-rick,
skruf-hdrr, a. stiff-haired.
skrytSa (-dda, -ddr), v. to adorn, em-
bellish ; refl., skry6ast e-u, to put on,
dress in (s. harklaeSum, sorgarbunaQi).
skryfa (-c5a), v. (i) to stack (s. korn) ;
(2) with dat. to make stiff and bristly
(hann skryfSi sem mest hd,rinu),
skraetSa, f . old scroll, book.
Bkrasfa, f. coward, — mannskraefa.
skraBfast (tS), v. refl. to act like a
coward, be a poltroon.
skraBl^a (-kta, -kt), v. to screech,
shriek (hrafn skraekti hdtt).
skreekr (pi. -ir), m. shriek, scream.
skraekta (-kta, -kt), v. = skraekja
(krdka skrasktir).
skraektan, f. shrieking.
Skreelingjar,m. pi. thenative inhabi-
tants <?/■ Vinland iti America.
skraema (-di), v. to glare ^ shine.
skrcemast (d), v. refl. to flee, take to
flight (s. undan e-m).
skraBmi-hlaup, n. sudden onset.
skrcepa (-ta, -t), v. to feign.
skrok (dat. skrokvi), n. false story,
falsehood, invention (hvdrt J)at vseri s.
e6a sannindi).
skrok-lauss, a. true (J)at er -laust,
at); -W^r^ 2,. false, fictitious; -mac5r,
m. fabler, liar; -mdl, n. fictitious
story, falsehood.
skrokmala-sauir, a. mendacious.
skrdk-saga, {.fictitious story, fable ;
-^d,mS.\%-f:y2,. false, feigned; -semd, f.
falsehood.
skrokva (atS), v. to invent a story.
skugga-lauss, a. shadowless ; -ligr,
a. suspicious-looking ; -mikill, a.
shadowy, dark ; -samligr, a. shadowy,
suspicious.
skuggi, m. (i) shadow ; berr skugga
d e-t, a shadow falls upon (J)ar bar
skuggann a sseinn af fjoUunum) ; bar
hvergi skugga d, thet-e was no shadow
anywhere ; (2) shade of a hat (undan
skugga hattarins) ; {■^) shadow, spectre
(henni syndist pa kirkjan full af hraeSi-
ligum skuggum) ; (4) fig., ganga or
skugga um e-t, to show one's juind as
to a thing ; hann bad Halldor ganga
or skugga, hvart, he asked H. to say
plainly, whether ; hann sag6i ser vera
mikinn skugga a, hvat Magnus mundi
aetlast fyrir, he said he felt tnuch mis-
giving as to what M. had in mind,
skugg-sjd, -sj6, -sjon, f. mirror,
skukka, f. wrinkle, fold.
skukkottr, a. wrinkled (of clothes).
skuld (pi. -ir), f. (l) debt; gjalda s.,
to pay a debt ; kaupa f s., to buy on
trust ; ganga i s. fyrir e-n, to be bail
SKUIiDA-BR]&F
[383]
SKVAKKA
for another \ ganga f s. vi6 e-n, to
oecofne one's debto?- ; (2) tax, due (ek
vissi, at t)er attu6 at rettu s. ok skatt
af at taka).
skulda-l3r6f, n. bond ; -dagar, m.
pi. pay-days, the ter7n for paymg
a debt ; -lar, n. debts ; -heimta, f.
calling in debts ; -hjon, -hjun, n. pi.
household, family ; -liS, n. = -hjon ;
-mot, n. meeting for paying debts ;
-statSr, m. investment, deposit of
money ; -{jing, n. = -mot.
skuld-bundinn, pp. duty-bound
(e-m, vi6 e-n); -fastr, a. seized for
debt ; -lauss, a. (i) unencumbered (fe
-laust) ; (2) needless, uncalled-for (er
per -laust at velja mer hasdi-yrdi
saklausum manni) ; -leikr, ni. rela-
tionship ; -seigr, a. reluctant to pay ;
-skeyta (-tta, -ttr), v. to transfer
a debt to another.
skuldu-nautr, m. (i) debtor (ef hann
er uhasttr -nautr) ; (2) creditor.
skulu (pres. skal, skulum ; pret.
skyldu ; pret. infin. skyldu), v. shall
(denoting fate, law, bidding, necessity,
duty, obligation, purpose) ; I)at skal
Eyjolfr g0ra, E. shall do that ; hvat
skal ek honum, what shall 1 do with
him f vega skaltu hann, thou shall
kill hi7n ; hvat skal tjald J)at, what is
that tent for?; hon spur6i, hvat t^at
skyldi, she asked what was the meaji-
ing of that.
skunda (a^), v. (i) to speed,—
skynda, with dat. (s. ferd sinni) ; s. fe
saman, to make a collection ; (2) to
hasten (= s. ser).
skundi, m. sfeed, haste (me6
skunda, me6 miklum skunda).
skiipla, f. a wofnan^s hood hiding
the face.
skupla (atS), v. to wear a * skupla '.
skurSar-maSr, m. carver, flenser ',
-skim, f. circumcision.
skurc^-gotS, n. graven image, idol
(heiQin -goS).
skurcSgotSa-villa, f. idolatry.
skurtSr (-ar, -ir), m. (i) cutting;
(2) slaughteriftg (sau8ir astladir til
skurQar) ; (3) flensing of a whale ;
(4) ditch, channel (s. svd breiSr ok
djupr, at J)ar matti vel skipum haldc) ;
grafa skurQ, to dig a ditch ; (5 ) carving^
of art (silfri var rennt f skurfiina).
skurfottr, a. covered with scurf,
scurfy (af skurfottum manni).
skurka (aS), v. to move roughly.
skurmsl, n. egg-shell, nut-shell.
skurn, f. and n. egg-shell, nut-shell.
skut-bryggja, f. stern-gangway ;
-byggjar, m. pi. ' sterfi-mates ', the
me?i stationed in the stern of a ship ;
-festr, f . cable from the stern, stern-
moorings.
skutil-diskr, m. plate, dish.
skutill (pi. skutlar), m. (i) missile,
esp. harpoon (cf. ' sel-skutill ') ; (2)
dish, trencher, stnall table (hon gaf
Sveini konungi dgastan skutil).
skutil-sveinn, m. page, cup-bearer.
skutla (a5), v. to squander, with
dat. ; refl., skutlast, to be scattered.
skutlan, f. squanderi?tg.
skutr (-ar, -ir), m. the stern of a
ship ; in plur. stem and stern (skip
minna til skutanna en um mitt).
skut-stafn, m. the stern, opp. to
* framstafn '.
skua (atS), v. to shoe ; s. hest sinn
gullskom, to shoe his horse with
golden shoes ; of persons (vel hosafir
ok skuaSr).
skufa (at$), v. to push aside, = skyfa.
skufa(5r, a. tasselled (s. sk6J)vengr).
skufr, m. tassel.
skuma-skot, n. (l) dusk, twilight \
(2) dark nook (skrida f -skot).
skiir, f. (i) shozi'er (bl63i haffli rignt
i skurinni) ; (2) shower of missiles.
skura-ve(5r, n. showery weather,
Bkur-:Q61, f. shed- deal.
skuta (gen. pi. skutna), f. a small
craft, i>^zy (hrundu J)eir fram skutu).
skuta, f. taunt ; drepa e-m skutu
um e-t, to taunt one with.
skiita (-tti, -tt), v. to jut out (bjargit
skutti yfir fram).
skuti, m. (i) a cave formed by jutting
rocks', (2) taunt', stinga e-m skuta,
to taunt one.
skiitna-herr, m. a fleet of ' skutur '
(manned) ; -litS, n. the crews on the
' skutur' ; -menn, m. pi. = -li6.
skvakka (at5), v. to make a gurgling
sound (sokk 0xin ok skvakkadi vi6).
SKVAIi
[384]
SKYNJA
skval, n. noisy talk.
skvala (atS), v. io shout ^ bawl.
skvaldr, n. noisy talk^ cla?nour.
skvaldra (a5), v. to talk noisily.
skyggtSr, pp. bright, polished {yi]i\Tnx
s. sem gler).
skyggja (-t5a, -Sr), v. (l) to over-
shadow ; (2) with dat., s. e-u vi6 e-u,
to screen against (s. e-u vi6 solu) ; (3)
to polish, with ace. (s. sverS J)au, er
d6r eru forn).
skygn, a. (i) seeing (hann hafSi
fengit syn sina ok var J)d s. ma6r) ;
(2) sharp-sighted (E. var einsynn ok
po manna skygnastr).
skygna (-da), v. to pry, spy ; s. um
e-t, at e-u, to spy after, look for ; refl.,
skygnast um, to look about (skygndist
hann nu um fast).
skygni, n. shed, cover.
skygning, f. looking about.
skygn-leikr, m. eyesight, power of
vision (augun me6 bjortum -leikj.
skygnur, f. pi. wide open eyes (H.
rak J)a s. d landit).
skykkjum, dat. pi. as adv., ganga
s., to go rocking ; gekk jorSin undir
peim s., the earth went rocking tmder
them, of an earthquake.
skyld, f. (i) tax, due (heimta saman
skyldir konungs) ; (2) incumbrance
on an estate ; (3) reason, sake ; fyrir
mina s.,for my sake.
skylda (atS), v. (i) to bind in duty,
oblige (konungrum skyldaSi J)d til at
flytja Hkin til graptar) ; (2) s. til e-s,
io deserve, merit.
skylda, f. (l) due, tax, tribute (fekk
hann t)a5an engar skyldur n^ skatta) ;
(2) duty (er J)at ySvarr rettr ok s. at
verja riki vdrt) ; (3) relationship (eigi
veit ek, at me6 okkr se nein s.).
skyldacSr, pp. bound, obliged (ek em
s. til at reka konungs eyrendi).
skyldar-embsBtti, n. obligatory ser-
vice ; -erendi, n. urgent business.
skyld-biindinn, pp. duty-botind ;
-leiki, m, relationship ; -liga, adv.
duly, dutifully ; J)urfa -liga, to stand
in pressifig need of ', -ligr, a., e-m er
e-t -ligt, it is one's duty.
skyldr, a. ( i ) bound, obliged (ef t)dr
veitit mer Jjat, Jjd ver6 ek s. til at g0ra
yfivam vilja) ; (2) due (veita konungi
skylda pjonustu) ; (3) urginty pressing
(skylt erendi) ; mdr er skylt, it is my
bounden duty (J)at mun konungi skylt
J)ykkja, at ek fara) ; (4) related', s. at
frasndsemi, related by kinship ; m^r
er maQrinn s., the man is near akin
to me; skyld frasndsemi, near kinship.
skyldu-erendi, n. urgent business,
skyldug-leikr, m. relationship.
skyldugr, a. (i) bound, obliged [s. at
g0ra e-t) ; (2) due (skyldug hlydni) ;
(3) vera s. e-m, to owe to one.
skyldu-hly^ni, f. due obedience,
homage ; -liga, adv. {i)in duty, duti-
fully ; (2) necessarily (J)urfa -liga) ;
-ligr, a. obligatory.
skylmast (d), v. refl., to feiice with
a weapon (s. meS skjold ok sverS).
skylming (pi. -ar), {.fencing.
skyn (pi. -jar), f. sense, knowledge,
understanding', vita, kunna, hafa s.
{or skynjar) k e-u, to have knowledge
of, understand (Flosi kvazt eigi vita s.
a, hverir logmenn vasri mestir) ; hann
kunni allra s. f borginni, he knew all
the people in the town ; bera s. yfir
e-t, to have knowledge of a thing,
understa?td it ; gjalda s. fyrir e-t, to
give account of, account for ; Loki
sagQi s. a ollum gripum, explained all
the objects.
skyn, n. = skyn, f. (kunna gott s.).
skynda (-nda), v. {i) to hasten, with
dat. (s. ferS sinni) ; s. sdr, to hasten,
make haste ; (2) to hasten, = s. sdr
(hann skyndi til skipa).
sk3mdi, f. haste (meS mikilli s.).
skyndi-brutSlaup, n. hasty mar-
riage ; -kona, f. loose woman ; -liga,
adv. in haste, speedily, -ligr, a. sudden
(-ligr dau6i).
skynding, f. speed, haste ; af skyn-
dingu, in haste, speedily.
skyndir, m. haste ; bera skyndi at
um e-t, to make haste with.
skyndi-rat5, -r89tSi, n. hasty plan or
deed.
skynja (at5), v. (i) to perceive, make
out, understand (t)eir skynja skjott,
hverir hol5ingjar voru vinir Magniiss
konungs) ; (2) to search into, inquire^
({>. bad menn sina s., ef hann f)yrfti
SKYN-IiAUSS
[385]
SK^VA
lifls vi6); s. vor6 or um vorS, to
inspect the guard.
skyn-lauss, a. senseless ; -laus skep-
na, -laust kvikendi, an irratiojial
being, brute ; -leysi, n. want of sense ;
-litill, a. S7nall of intellect ; -samliga,
adv. sensibly, rationally ; -samligr,
a., -samr, a. (i) rational, reasonable ;
(2) wise, sagacious.
skyn-semd, f. reason ; vera me6
fuUri -semd, to be in one's right senses
({)d er v^r erum udrukknir ok meS
fullri -semd) ; kunna litla -semd, to
have little understanding (kunnum
ver litla -semd til at skipa sva storum
malum) ; hafa -semd af e-u, to have
knowledge of', J)^ muntu synja J)ess
me5 -semd, then thou must deny it,
givifig reasons for it ; gjalda -semd
e-s, af e-u, to give account of; krefja
e-n -semdar fyrir e-t, af e-u, to call
one to account for a thing.
skynsemdar-atferS, f. rational •pro-
ceeding ; -alit, n. regard to reason ;
-geymsla, f. use of reason; -gjald,
n. giving an account of; -grein, f.
discernment; -mal, n. arguments;
-skipan, f. rational order ; -svar, n.
satisfactory answer; -vit, n., vera
me6 -viti, to be in one^s right senses.
skyn-semi, f.= -semd ; mikil -semi
er at rifja vandliga t)at, much know-
ledge is wanted to explain all that.
skynugr, a. sagacious (vitr ok s.).
skyr, n. a kind of curdled milk.
skyr-askr, m. curd-bowl.
skyr-bjugr, m. the scicrvy.
skyr-bur, n. dai?y; -ker, n. ctird-
vessel; -kyllir, -kyll, m. * curd-bag\
skyrpa (-ta, -t), v. to spit (s. vi5).
skyrsi, n. portent, phantasm.
skyrsi-ligr, a. monstrous, abnormal.
skyrta, f. shirt, a kind of kirtle.
skyrtu-blaS, n. shirt-lap; -erinr,f.
shirt-sleeve (undir skyrtuermi bans) ;
-g0rt5, f. the making of a shirt.
skyti, m. marksman, shootery har-
pooner (s. allra manna beztr).
skytningr, m. inn or club, where
each guest paid or contributed his
own scot (hann veitti allri hir6 sinni
mat ok mungat, sva at engi ma6r
J)urfti i skytning at ganga).
akytnings-stofa, f. inn, tavern.
sky (gen. pi. skyja), n. cloud; sk^-
jum efri, above the clouds.
sky-driipnir, m. poet, the air.
skyfa (-t$a, -tSr), v. to shove, push,
with dat. (latit mik vera kyrra ok
skyfit mer hvergi) ; with ace. (t)eir
skyfdu skur6go6in af stollum).
sky-fjall, n. mountain of clouds ;
-floki, m. cloudlet.
skyja (atS), v. to cloud, cover with
clouds ; impers., en nu skyjar d heldr,
but 7WW it clouds over.
skyjaSr, a. (i) cloudy (skyjat ve6r) ;
(2) shaded (s. hjalmr).
skyla (-da, -dr), v. to screen, shelter,
protect, with dat. (hvalr skyldi skip-
inu vi6 vedrinu).
sky-lauss, a. cloudless (-laust ve6r).
skyli, n. shelter, protection.
skyli-hogg, n. damaging cut, with
an axe (J)ar la trestobbi mikill ok i
-hogg mikil).
skyling, f. screening, sheltering.
skyra (-Sa, -tSr), v. to explain, ex-
pound, set forth, interpret (kveSst s.
mundu fyrir honum, ef hann vildi
vita) ; s. spurdaga, to solve or answer
a question.
skyring, f. expianatio7t, elucidation.
skyr-ligr, a. bright-looking, intelli-
gent, clever ; -maeltr, a. clear-voiced.
skyrr, a. (i) clear, evident, manipst
(me6 skyrum sannindum) ; neut., skyrt,
as adv. clearly, distinctly (Arnorr kveSr
skyrt a J)etta) ; (2) clever, intelligent
(s. maSr ok skdld gott).
skaBkja (-la, -t), v. to check.
skaeldinn, a. skilled or versed in
poetry (litt em ek s.).
skaB-matSr, m. = skimadr.
sksBr, m. horse, poet. (s. skokuls).
sksera or skoera, i.fray, quarrel.
skaera-husi, m. a case for holding a
pair of shears.
skasri, n. pi. a pair of shears.
sksr-leikr, m. brightness ; -liga,
2idv. ptirely, clearly.
skaerr, a. (i) pure (s. meydomr) ;
(2) clear, bright, serene (s. himinn,
skaert ve6r) ; (3) transparent ; (4)
clear, distinct (skaer rodd).
skseva (a(S), v. to stride on (poet,).
Cc
SKGE3DA
[386]
SliA
BkoetJa (-dda, -ddr), v. ; skoeSir
hann sik, ke puts on his shoes.
skoeSi, n. pi. a piece of skin cut
square for makifig a pair of shoes
(var J)4 skorin yxnis-hu6in til skoeSa).
skosS-leikr, m. scathefubiess.
skoetSr, a. scatheful^ noxious (skoeQar
tungur) ; skoeQir vargar, wild beasts.
skoekja, f. harlot, = puta.
skcB]gu-sonr, m. whore-son,
skoera, f., see * sksera *.
skoBting, f. scoj^, taunt (svara e-m
skcetingu or af skoetingu).
skofnungr (-s, -ar), m. the shin,
shin-bone (skeinast i. skofnungunum).
sk6fiiungs-0x, f. a kind of axe.
skofu-leikr, m. a kind oigafne.
skokull (pi. skoklar), m. car-pole.
skoll, f. loud, scornful laughter,
mockery (g0ra mikla s. at e-m).
skollottr, a. bald, bald-headed.
skomm (gen. skammar, pi. skam-
mir), f. shame ; lifa vi5 s., to lii^e in
shame ; er pat s. at sitja hja, // is a
shame to sit idly by ; foera s. at e-m,
g0ra e-m s., to bring dishonour on
one ; bi6a skomm, to suffer disgrace ;
verSa at s., to be put to shame.
skop, n. pi. (i) what is fated, one's
fate, doom (eigi md vi6 skopunum
sporna) ; ef at skopum ferr, if it goes
according to the natural course of
things ; (2) ctirse (J)d er konunga-born
Urdu fyrir stjupmceSra skopum) ; (3)
with the article, skopin, the genitals.
skor (gen. skarar, pi. skarar), f. (i)
ri7n, edge-, allt lit at skorinni, to the
rim of the ice ; fig., skri6a til skarar,
to slide to the very edge, co7ne to a
crisis (skal nu til skarar skriSa me6
okkr Knuti broSur minum) ; tjald-
skor, edge of a tent ; spretta skorum,
to lift the edges of the tent ; (2 ) the
joints in a ship's planking (skipit
haf6i bilat at skorunum, }Da er fram
var sett) ; (3) step (J)eir skyldu sitja f
hasaeti skor hserra en jarlar, en skor
Icegra en sjalfr hann) ; (4) hair ; s.
nam at dyja, he tossed his locks ; s.
var fyrir enni, the hair was cut across
the forehead ; rautt mun sjd 1 skorina,
there will be bloody locks ; (5) = skari
(better ' skor ').
sk6r(56ttr, a. notched, serrated.
skorug-lyndi, n. noble character',
-lyndr, a. noble, frank-minded ; -samr,
a. stately (-som hybyli).
skdru-leikr, m. = skorungskapr ;
-liga, adv. notably, bravely, manfully
(hefna e-s -liga); -ligr, a. (i) bold^
manly, imposing in appearance (man-
na -ligastr at sjd) ; (2) magnificent,
fine (-lig veizla, roeSa) ; me5 -ligum
flutningi, with manly pleading.
skorung-lyndr, a. = skoruglyndr.
skorungr, m. (i) foreman, leader
(nema hann gerSist s. fyrir J^essu
mali) ; (1.) a prominent or outstanding
person, a notable man or woman (var
{>orkell vitr maSr ok s. mikill).
skorung-skapr, m. nobleness, man-
li?iess (me6 miklum rikdom ok -skap).
slafast (acS), v. refl. to slacken.
slag, n. (i) blow, stroke (s. undir
kinnina) ; eigast slog vi6, to come to
blows ; (2) fig. blow, defeat ; veita,
gefa e-m s., to defeat ; (3) skir77iish,
opp. to a pitched battle (jarl atti tvasr
folk-orrustur, en morg slog ok mann-
drdp) ; (4) flick of ti7ne (i pessu slagi
koma t)eir af sdr akkerinu).
slaga (acS), v. to tack, cruise.
slag-a, f. a ewe to be slaughtered;
-dlar, f. pi. saddle-straps', -brandr,
m. (l) bolt, bar', (2) war -engine.
slagna (a(5), v. to flow over, be spilt
(fell ofan ketillinn ok slagnadi d svein-
inn or katlinum).
slag-net, n. a fowler's net.
slagningr, m. a kind of cloak,
slagr (pi. -ir), m. (i) blow, stroke^
= slag ; (2) tune, air, played on a
stringed instrument (konungr spurSi,
hvart hann kynni eigi fleiri slagi).
slakna (at5), v. to slackefi, get slack.
slangi, m. serpent, — ormr.
slaxa (at5), v. to 7}iake a bubbling
noise (slaxadi i sdrinu).
sla (slsB ; sl6, slogum ; sleginn ;
pret. also sleri), v. {\) to S7nite, strike
(s. e-n hogg, kinnhest) ; (2) s. horpu,
fiSlu, to strike the harp, fiddle ; s. slag,
to strike up a tune ; s. leik, to strike
up, begin, a game ; s. vef, to strike the
web, to weave', (3) to hammer, forge
(s. gull, silfr, sverd) ; s. e-t e-u, to
siiA
[387]
SLEFA
mount with (jdmum sleginn) ; (4) to
cut grass, mow (s. hey, to3u, tun, eng);
(5) to slay, kill (sins broflur slo hann
handbana) ; (6) fig., sU kaupi, to
strike a bargain ; s. mdli i sitt, to
refer a matter to arbitration ; s. fylk-
ing, to draw up a line of battle ; s.
bring um, to surround \ s. manngarS,
mannhring, to fonn a ring of fnen
round \ s. eldi i e-t, to set fire to ; s.
landtjoldum, to pitch a tent, or also,
to strike a tent, take it down ; s. fest-
um, to utwioor a ship ; s. netjum, to
put out the nets ; s. hundum lausum,
to slip the hounds', (7) with preps., s.
e-t af, to cut off\ s. e-n af, to kill,
slaughter ; s. d e-t, to take to a thing ;
s. i. glens ok glimur, to take to play
and sport ; s. i. heit, to take to making
a vow ; s. e-u d sik, to take upon one-
self', s. i. sik sott, to feign illness ;
s. i. sik ulfuS, to show anger or ill-
will ; ekki skaltu sliku i. t)ik s., do not
betake thyself to that ; impers., slo d
hann hldtri, he was taken with a fit of
laughter ; slo otta i. marga, ?nany
were seized with fear ; {)vi slasr k, at,
it so happens that \ Ijosi sleri (= slo)
fyrir hann, a light flashed upon hi7n ;
s. i deilu, to begin quarrelling (eitt
kveld, er Jjeir drukku, slogu J)eir i
deilu mikla) ; impers., slser i e-t, it
arises ; slser J^egar i bardaga, it came
to a fight ; s. nidr e-u, to put an end
to ; nu er niSr slegit allri vindttu, now
there is an e7id to all friendship ; s.
s6r ni6r, to lie down, take to one's bed ;
s. e-n ni6r, to kill ; s. e-u saman, to
join (peir sla J)^ saman ollu liQinu f
eina fy Iking) ; s. til e-s, to aim a blow
at one, strike at one ; s. undan hofud-
bendunum, to slacken the stays ; s. e-u
upp, to spread a report', s. upp her-
opi, to raise the war-cry ; impers.,
loganum slo upp or keroldunum, the
flame burst out of the vessels ; s. ut
e-u, to pour out (Jja er full er mund-
laugin, gengr hon ok slaer ut eitrinu) ;
s. e-u vi6, to take into use (pi var
slegit vi6 ollum bunaSi) ; s. vi6 segli,
to spread the sail ; ek hefi 1)6 ndliga
ollu vi3 slegit, l)vi er ek hefi i minni
fest, / have put forth almost all that
I recollected ; s. beizli vi6 best, to put
a bridle on a horse ; e-u slasr yfir, it
cojnes over, arises (slasr yfir J^oku svd
myrkri, at engi J)eirra sd annan); (8)
refl., slast aptr, to draw back (gseta
J)ess, at eigi slcegist aptr li6it) ; s. d
e-t, to take to a thing (s. i. svikrasdi vi5
e-n) ; s. a tal vi6 e-n, to enter into
conversation with ; s. d bak e-m, to
go behind another', s. fram, to move
{rush) forward', slost hon fram at
eldinum, she rushed to the fireside ;
s. i for me6 e-m, to join o?ie in a jotcr-
ney ; s. f sveit me6 e-m, to joi?t one's
party ; slogust i SuQreyjar vikingar,
vikings invaded the Hebrides ; s. til
ferSar me6 e-m = s. 1 for me6 e-m.
sla (sldt5a, slatSr), v. to bar (hlidit var
sldt rammliga).
sla (pi. slar), f. bar, bolt, cross-beam
(s. ein var um J)vert skipit).
slani, m. lanky fellow.
sld,pr, m. a good-for-nothing,
slatr, n. flesh-meat (hafQi J)d Loki
etit s. allt af beinum).
slatra (a6), v. to slatighter, with dat.
(J)ar hafSi sldtrat verit uxa einum).
slatra-efni, n. cattle {sheep) for
slaughtering'^ -starf, n. slaughtering.
slatr-diskr, m. a plate with meat ;
-fe, n. slaughter-cattle ; -fong, n. pi.
provision {supply) of flesh-meat ;
-gripr, m. a head of cattle for slaugh-
ter ; -sauc5r, m. a sheep for slaughter ;
-trog, n. a trough with meat ; -vist,
{.flesh food ; -uxi, m. slaughtered ox,
slatta, f. (i) mowing', (2) mowing
season (pat var um ondverdar slattur);
(3) grass for 7nowing', (4) money
staniped or struck, coin ; Haralds s.,
the bad coin of King Harold.
slattr (gen. -ar, dat. slastti), m. (i)
mowing ; (2) playing (a harp).
slattu-kaup, n. jnower's wages ;
-mat5r, m. mower ; -timi, m. mowing
season (um ondverdan -tima).
slet$a-mat5r, m. sledge-traveller.
sledda, f. large knife.
sletS-foeri, n. sledging (-fcEri gott).
sleSi, m. sledge,
sletS-mei^r, m. sledge-runner,
Blefa, f. slaver (lilfrinn grenjar, ok
s. renn or munni hans).
SliEGQJA
[388]
SLfTA
sleggja, f. sledge-hammer', verSa
milli steins ok sleggju, to come between
the hammer and the a7ivil.
sleggju-skapt, n. handle of a sledge-
hammer.
sleiking, f. licking (hunda s.).
sleikja (-ta, -tr), v. to lick (kyrin
gekk opt ofan i fjoruna ok sleikti
steinana).
sleipr, a. slippery (J^ar var sleipt).
sleita, f. shuffle, subterfuge, esp. pi,
drekka vi6 sleitur, to driftk tmfairly.
sleiti-liga, adv. shufflifigly, U7if airly
(drekka -liga).
sleitu-domr, m. sham-court ; -laust,
adv., drekka -laust, without heel-taps ;
-liga, adv. = sleitiliga.
slekt, f. kind, order (riddara s.).
slen, n. sloth, dullness ; -samr, a.,
-skapligr, a. slothful, lazy; -skapr,
m. slothfulness, laziness.
slentr, n. idle lounging.
sleppa (slepp ; slapp, sluppum ;
sloppinn), \.{i) to slip, glide (slegg-
jan slapp or hendi honum) ; sluppu
honum foetr, his feet slipped; (2) to
slip away, escape (ef fjorolfr skal s.) ;
(3) to slip, fail ; ef y6r sleppr at festa
hendr i. V>\xm,if you fail to get hold
of Bjorn.
sleppa (-ta, -t), v. to make slip out
of one's hands, let slip ; {>orgils hafSi
sleppt 0xinni, Th. had let go the axe.
sleppi-fengr, a. butter-fingered.
sleppt, 2l^v. feebly ; meS pvi at J)eim
hafSi svi s. til tekizt, as they had had
such poor success.
sletta (-tta, -tt), \.{\)to slap ; hann
sletti flotu sver3inuum her6ar honum,
he slapped him with the flat of the
sword; (2) to dash, splash (A. J)reif
upp skyrkyllinn ok sletti framan 1
fang Grettis).
sl6tta (-tta, -ttr), v. to make plain,
level ; fig., s. yfir e-t, to smooth over a
thing, amend, jeinedy (hafit er vel yfir
slett vanhyggju mina).
sl6tta, f. a piaiii, level field.
sl6tt-fjallat5r, a. smooth-skinned ;
-lendi, n.flat country ; -lendr, 3.. flat,
of land ; -mdll, a. smooth-spokefi ;
-msBlgi, f., -msBli, n. smooth lan-
guage ; -ortJr, a. = -mdll.
slettr, a. plain, flat, even, smooth ;
s. vollr, level field; s. sjor, smooth
sea ; segja sinar farar eigi slettar, to
tell of one's journey not having been
s?nooth, to report a failure ; neut.,
sldtt, as adv. straight, quite (gengu
f)eir slett ut af bordunum) ; smoothly j
well (tala slett) ; eigi mundi ferdin
takast slett, the journey would not go
smoothly.
slett-yrSi, n. pi. = slett-maeli.
slit, n, (i) tearing (rif ok s.) ; (2)
tear a?id wear ; kapa komin at sliti,
a worn-out cloak ; (3) rupture, breach
(sifja-slit, fri6-slit).
slitna (aS), v. [i) to break, snap, of
a cord, rope, string (festr mun s.) ; (2)
to end, break up (t)u vilt, at okkarr
kaupmali slitni).
slitri, slitti, n. rags, tatters.
slitSr, 2.. fierce, cruel, feaiful {\\^{vid\x
sliSrar ok sdrar).
sli(5r, n. pi. = sliSrar.
slitSra (aS), v. to sheathe, put in the
scabbard (s. knif, sver6).
sliSrar or sliSrir, f. pi. sheath,
scabbard (stinga sverd i s. ; draga,
bregSa sverSi or slidrum).
sli^r-beitr, a. sharp as a razor ;
-fengligr, a. dire, fearful (senna -lig).
slikr, a. (l) such; s. maSr, such a
7nan ; s. sem {or er), such as ; s. sva,
such like, similar (slikir sv^ menn) ;
annarr s., another of the same kind;
(2) this, that (t)er skulut sliku rada) ;
(3) neut., slikt, as adv. in such wise,
so ; slikt er J)er likar, as it pleases
thee; slikan, similarly, in a like
mamier (hygg ek, at slikan mun hafa
farit um annat).
slim, n. sli?ne (l^egar eptir J)at heit
dro af slimit auganu).
slipari, m. whetter, sharpener.
slita (slit ; sleit, slitum ; slitinn),
v. (i) to snap, break, a string-, cord,
rope (^sirnirsyndu honum silkiband-
it ok baQu hann s.) ; s. 1 sundr, to
break asunder (s. i sundr sv^ mjott
band) ; (2) to tear, pull; Loki sleit
upp mistiltein, L. pulled tip the tnistle-
toe; slita nd, hrae, to tear a corpse;
s. e-n af ser, to throw 07ie ofi^(S. vildi
s. hann af ser) ; sleit hann undan
slj6fa
[389]
SLCEGD
ve6r, the gale drove him out of his
course ; (3) fig. to break, break off,
with ace. ; s. t)ing, to break off, dis-
solve a meeti7ig\ with dat. (s. {)ingi,
flokki, veizlunni) ; d3r I)inginu se slit-
it, before the meeting be dissolved ; (4)
to rend, tear (brynja hansvar slitintil
unyts) ; klaedi sundr slitin, torn asun-
der ; (5) to wear-out \ hann mun eigi
morgum skyrtunum s., he will not
wear out many shirts, not live long ;
slitnir skor, worn-out shoes] (6) s. or
e-u, to decide, settle (hann kva3 log-
mann or J)essu s. skyldu) ; (7) impers.
to be torn away (sleit af honum mann
i. bati) ; with dat., slitr J)ar tali peina,
there their talk ended; sleit Fr63a
fri6 fjdnda d milli, Prodi's peace was
broken between the foes ; borgir ok
kastalar ok l)orp, svd at hvergi slitr, in
an tinbroken line ; par til er or slitr
me5 J)eim, //// // comes to an end ; (8)
refl., slitast, to tear oneself loose (s. or
hondum e-m).
sljofa (a$), V. to make blunt \ refl.,
sljofast, to grow blunt or dull (syn,
minni sljofast).
sljofgast (a§), V. refl. = sljofast.
sljo-leikr, m. dullness ; -liga, adv.
slowly, dully (rei3a sljoliga sverdin) ;
-ligr, a. slow, dull, feeble.
sljor (sljo, sljott), a. (i) blunt (sljo
sver5) ; {2) faint-hearted.
slocSra (a$i), v. to drag or trail 07ie-
self along (slo6ru6u peir J)d vestr af
heiSinni).
slokinn, a. extinguished (t)egar at
Ijos vdru slokin).
slokna (ac5), v. to expire, go out
(eldr, Ijos, log sloknar).
sloknacSr, pp. extinguished, — slok-
inn (J)d. er s. var eldrinn).
sloppr (-S, -ar), m. loose gown ; esp.
of a priest's white gown (skryddr
sloppum ok kantarakapum).
slota (at5), v. to hang down (116 bans
let s. hendr ni3r me6 si6u ok hofSust
ekki at) ; s. vi6, to be idle, slink azvay.
sl6t5, f. track, trail (sau menn s. ligg-
ja iri. skipunum, J)vi at dogg hal6i
fallit) ; cf. '■ doggsloS.'
slo^a-hris, n. brushwood for sl63ar.
slots i, m. a truss of branches trailed
along', draga sl63a, to drag a slot or
trail ; fig., meira sl63a mun draga, it
will be attended with more serious
consequences.
slottigr, a. sly, cunning, wily.
slunginn, pp., see 'slyngva'.
slyngr, a. dexterous, clever (hann
var s. vi6 allar iprottir).
slyngva (sljrag ; along, slungum ;
slunginn), v. with dat. to sling,
throw, fling (J)vi nsest slyngr Surtr
eldi yfir jorSina) ; sungu ok slungu
snuSga steini, they sang and swung
the swift millstone ; var {)essu kaupi
slungit, this bargain was struck ; i
vandkvaeSi er slungit, zue are in diffi-
culties', doggu slunginn, bedewed;
slunginn vafrloga, encircledby aflicker-
ing flame ; horna-tog var slungit af
siltri, twisted of silver.
slyppr, a. unar?ned, weaponless (nu
kalla ek, at Hrafn se sigraSr, er hann
er slyppr).
slya, n. (i) mishap, mischance, acci-
dent (s. mun J)at J)ykkja, er hann hjo
bond af konu sinnij ; (2j wrong-doing;
mischief (erfitt mun J)er verda at bceta
611 s. HallgerSar).
slysa-laust, adv. without mischance
or accide7it\ -vssnt, a. n. u?ilucky
(e-m t)ykkir -vsent).
slys-fer5, -for, f. ill-fated journey
(fara -forum) ; -gjarnt, a. n., e-m
verSr -gjarnt, one has bad luck.
slysinn, a. mischievous.
slys-liga, adv. unfortunately ; vildi
mer sva -liga til, at ek braut spjot
mitt, / had the ill-luck to break 77iy
spear ; takast s., to co77ie off badly.
slyttinn, 2,. flabby, sluggish, lazy.
slyttu-mannliga, adv. sluggishly.
sleefa (atSj, v. = sljofa ; refl., slasfa3-
ist skap jarlsins, his wrath abated.
slaB-liga, adv. without energy, =
sljoliga (roa, soekja at -liga).
slaer (sIsb, slaBtt), a. = sljor.
slcfit5a (-dda, -ddr), v. (i) to trail',
fax svd sitt, at sloeddi j6r6, that it
trailed on the ground ; (2) to spread
77ianure, by means of ' sl66a-hris '.
sloe^ur, f. pi. a gown that trails
along the ground (s. af silki, pelli).
slcBgtS, f . slyness, cunning.
SLOEGDAIl-BRAGD
[390]
smA-sakar
sloegSar-bragtS, n. cunning trick \
•iiiac5r, m. sly fellow »
sloegja (-Sa, -tSr), v. {\)to cheats en-
tice, ensnare (s. hug e-s ok hjarta) ; (2)
impers., e-n sloegir til e-s, one has a
mind tOy desires ; eigi sloegir mik her
til langvista 1 Norvegi, / am not
tempted to linger here in Norway ;
(3) refl., sloegjast til e-s, to seek for a
thing, of gain ; h^r er til litils at s.,
but little profit to be had\ f^ordr unni
henni litit, hafSi hann mjok sloegzt
til fjdr, Th. loved her but little ^ and
had married her for her money's sake.
sloegja, f. gain, = sloegr.
slceg-leikr, m. = sloegS ; -liga, adv.
cunningly, -ligr, a. sly^ cunning
(sloegligt rd6) ; -pungr, m. a purse
to hold one's gain.
sloegr, m. gai?i, profit', vil ek sja
hann ok vir6a fyrir mer, hverr s. m^r
J)ykkir i vera, and consider what J
think he is worth ; Jjykki mer J)6
meiri s. tilhans, I think there is more
good in him,
sloegr (ace. -jan), a. slyy cunning,
crafty (s, i skaplyndi).
sloeg-vitr, a. crafty, = sloegr.
sloema (-da, -dr), v. to make a side
blow at one (hann sloemir til hans
0xinni) ; with ace, s. undan e-m
foetrna, to cut off one's feet.
sloemr, m. the third and last divi-
sion of a poem (dripa).
slpkkva (-ta, -tr), v.{\)to extingtiish,
put out (heimamenn sl0ktu eldinn) ;
(2) to slake, quench (s. hungr, porsta).
sl0ngu-steinn, m. sling-stone.
sl0ngva (-^a), v. to throw with a
sling, fling, hurl ; with dat. (sl0ngvir
hann ^i. stokkinumiitaf t)ekjunni).
slpngva, f. sling (tok D. ser sl0ngu
f hond) ; cf. * val-sl0ngva.'
smala-fer^, -for, f . tending sheep in
the pastures ; -gangr, m. sheep-walk ;
-hestr, m. shephe?'d''s horse ; -maSr,
m. shepherd ; -nyt, f . sheep's milk ;
-sveinn, m. = -ma6r ; -J)ufa, f. shep-
herd's moicnd; sitja k smalaj)ufu, to
tend sheep.
small, m. (i) small cattle, esp. sheep-,
(2) cattle.
smaragtSr, m. emerald*
smd (smdSa, smdSr), v. to scorn^
slight, revile (s. e-n i orSum).
sma-bam, n. little child, baby ;
-bdtr, m. little boat ; -borinn, pp. of
low birth ; -bondi, -buandi, m. sfnall
farmer ; -dj6flar, m. pi. petty devils,
imps ; -dyr, n. pL, -dyri, n. S7nall
ani?nals', ^eyti, little island ; -ferja,
f. small ferry ; -fiski, f. catching
small fish (roa at -fiskij ; -fiskar, m.
pi. small fishes ; -fuglar, m. pi. small
birds ; -geislar, m. pi. faint beams ;
-greinir, f. pi. S7nall matters ; -grjot,
n. small stones, pebbles ; -hlutir, m.
pi. trifles', -hringar, m. pi. small
circles, rings ; -hiindar, m. pi. stnall
dogs, curs ; -hua, n. pi. small houses ;
-kjorr, n. pi. scrub, brushwood',
-konungar, m. pi. kinglets ; -koppar,
m. pi. stnall cups, slight hollows',
-kornottr, a. small-grairted ; -kvist-
ir, m. pi. sjnall twigs ; -kvasmr, a.
narrow-minded; -Idtr, a. content
with little ; -leikr, m. t7'ifli7ig game ;
-leitr, a. small-featured', -ligr, a.
trifling', -laerisveinar, m. pi. little
disciples ; -l<Bti, n. stinginess, opp. to
' storlseti ' ; -loekir, m. pi. small
brooks ; -lond, n. pi. sjnall lands,
islands', -mannligr, a. mafinikin-
like ; -menn, m. pi. insignificant per'
sons ; -menni, n. insignificafit per-
so?i ; -munir, m. pi. trifles ; -masltr,
pp. lispijtg.
sman, f. shai7ie, disgrace (Jjessi s.
ok svivirSingj er J)u gorir mer).
smanar-fer^, f. disgraceful journey ;
-lauss, a. 7iot disg7'aceful.
smd-neyti, n. S77iall cattle ^ calves ;
-piltr, m. lad.
smdr (sma, smdtt), a. (i) small,
little (morg skip ok smd) ; (2) neut.,
hann seldi smatt varninginn, he sold
by retail', hoggva smatt, to strike
S77iall blows ; hann kvaSst eigi mun-
du smatt k sja, he said he would deal
liberally in the 77iatter', smdtt ok
smdtt, bit by bit, by degrees ; (3) sm^m,
bit by bit, slowly (fara smam).
sma-rakki, m. little dog', -rdc^r,
a. ai77iing at S77iall things ; -regn, n.
drizzle ; -riki, n. petty kingdom ;
•roar, m. pi. S7nall relief', -sakar, f.
SMA-SAISTDAR
[391]
SMYEJA
pi. "petty suits ; -sandar, m. p\. plains
of fine sand ; -skip, n. small ship ;
-skitlegr, a. insignificant (litill ok
sma-skitlegr) ; -skogar, m. pi. copse-
wood ; -skuta, f. small craft ; -smug-
all, a. creeping through the sjnallest
hole ; fig. minute^ subtle ; -smugliga,
adv. 7ni7iutely ; -smugligr, a. minute ;
-smygli, f. minutettesSj subtlety ;
-spengr, f. pi. small spangles ;
-Bteinn, m. pebble ; -sveinar, m. pi.
small boys ; -sveinligr, a. boyish ;
-svik, n. pi. ^^//y tricks ; -syndir, f.
pi. petty sins.
smatta, f. narrow lane.
sma-tonn, f. small tooth ; -varn-
ingr, m. small wares ; -vdfa, f. //«_y
ghost ; -vi$i, n. shrubbery ; -vaegr,
a. insignificant ; -parmar, m. pi.
j;;m// ^z//^ ; -t)ing, n. small object ;
-J)8egr, a. content with little.
smeittr, pp. e?iamelled (s. soSull).
smellr, m. smacking sounds crack.
smelt, n. enamelli7ig.
smeltr, a. enamelled (s. skjoldr).
smeygja (-Sa, -t), v. to slip, with
dat.; smeygSi hann lykkjunni af hdlsi
ser, he slipped the loop off his neck ;
hann smeygSi d sik brokunum, he
pulled the trousers on ; refl., smeygj-
ast, to free oneself (smeyg6ist Egill af
stafnum) ; s. undan af sannindunum,
to slip away from the truth.
smeykligr, a. insinuating, cringing.
smitS-belgr, m. s?nith's bellows.
sm.i$ija, f. smithy.
smit5ju-belgr, m. = smiQbelgr ;
-biiS, f. a booth used as a smithy ;
-dyrr, f. pi. door of a smithy ; -hus,
n. smithy ; -sveinn, m. smithy boy ;
-verk, n, smithy-work.
smiSr (-S ; pi. -ar and -ir), m. smith,
Wright, worker in metal or wood.
sm.iS-reim, f . the rim running along
the back of a scythe-blade to give it
strength (Ijdr m^6r upp i smiSreim) ;
-v61ar, f. pi. smith's artifices.
sraiS (pi. -ir),f. (l) making, buildi7ig
(var pat hus allmjok vandat at allri
s.) ; vera at smi6, to be at the work
(H. var nu byrgfir i einu husi, ok var
hann J)ar at smfSinni) ; vera 1 s., to
be building (hann s4 mann uppi d
kirkju peiri, er i s. var) ; (2) work of
skill or art, structure (Bifrost er gor
me6 list ok kunndttu meiri en afirar
smidir).
smicSa (acS), v. to work in wood or
77tetals, to 77iake, build, erect (s. skdla,
kirkju) ; refl.. svi\\b2i^\., to proceed, take
shape, in a smith's hands (tok hann ok
smiSadi, ok smi6a6ist ekki sem hann
vildi).
smi5ar-efhi, n, materials for some
work ; -kaup, n. wages for work ;
-kol, n. pi. smith's coals ; -lyti, n.
fiaw in the work7nanship (sjd. -lyti i.
e-u) ; -tol, n. pi. S7nith's tools ; -0x, f.
carpenter^s adze.
smit5i, n. = smi5 (kirkja vonduS
bae6i at vi6um ok s. ; vandat s.).
smit5is-kaup, n. = smifiarkaup.
smjuga (sm.yg ; smaug or smo,
smugum ; smoginn), v. (i) to creep
through an opening ; smugu peir milli
spalanna, they crept betweett the bars ;
smygr hann t)d nidr undir hja henni,
he creeps U7ider the bed-clotlies ; to put
on a gar77ient with only a round hole
to put the head through (gullbrynju
smo) ; (2) to pie7-ce (kom lasor i bnin-
ina ok smo {)egar i gegnum).
smjor (dat. smjorvi), n. butter
(brau6 ok s.).
smjor-goeoi, n. good produce of
butter; -g0r(5, f. butter-7naki7tg \
-kaup, n. purchase of butter ; -laupr,
m. butter-chest ; -lauss, a. short of
butter ; -spann, n. a 7neasure of
butter ; -trog, n. butter-trough ;
-tunna, f. butter-cask.
smjorugr, b.. greasy.
smokkr, m. s7)iock (s. var i. bringu).
smuga, f. narrow cleft to creep
through, S77iall hole (hvt.rg\ fannst s.d).
smugall, a. penetrating.
smurning, f. anointing ; hin sf3asta
s., extreme unction.
smurningar-klaetSi, n. pi. the dress
in which one receives extre7ne unction,
smyl, n. the evil one, = grom (rare).
smyrill (pi. smyrlar), m. merhn.
smyija (smyr, smurSa, smurtSr),
v. to anoint (s. konung til veldis) ; to
rub with oint77ient (hann smurdi hor-
und hennar me6 goSum smyrslum).
SMYRSIi
[392]
SNELIiAST
smyrsl, n. pi. ointment, unguent.
smaekka (aS), v. = smaetta.
smaBlingi (pi. -jar), smsBlingr, m.
small man, poor man.
smsBtta (at$), v. to grow small.
snag-hjTTndr, a. * snag-cornered,'
with sharp points (-hyrnd 0x).
snaka (ao), v. to rummage, snu^
about (I. snakaSi urn hus hennar).
snapa (-ta), v. to sniff, sfiuffle.
snap-viss, a. snuffling, parasitical.
snara (aS), v. (i) to turn quickly,
twist, wring ; K. snarar skjoldinn sva
fast, at spjotit brotnaSi, K. twists the
shield so smartly that the spear broke ;
hann snarar af honum hofu6it, he
wrings off his head; (2) to translate
(s. bok upp 1 norroenu) ; (3) s. atgong-
una, to push or press the attack ; (4)
to throiv, fiing, with dat. (f>. snaraSi
hallinumok broddinum) ; (5) to make
a qtdck turn, step quickly (hon snarar
J)egarinnhja honum); (6) refl.,snarast,
to tur?i oneself (pass) quickly (hann
snarast fram hja J)eim) ; S. snarast
J)d ut or stofunni, then S. hastens out
of the roojn ; s. vid e-m, to turn
quickly towards o?ie (M. snara6ist vi6
honum ok maslti) ; s. i karlfot, to dress
in man's clothes.
snara, f. (i) snare, leggja snorur
fyrir e-n, to lay or spread snaj'es for
one ; (2) halter (galginn var reistr ok
snaran par vi6 fest).
snar-bryna (-da, -dr), v. to whet
keenly ; -eygSr, -eygr, a. keen-eyed,
snarfla (atS), v. = snorgla.
snar-leikr, m. quickfiess, s?nartness ;
-liga, adv. quickly; -ligr, a. (i) keen,
quick (-lig augu) ; (2) smart, sprightly
(litill ma6r ok -ligr) ; -Ismdr, a. quick
of mind (bru6r snarlynd).
snarp-egg3at5r,-eggr, a. keen-edged;
-leikr, m. (i ) roughness ; -leikr nsefra,
the roughness of the bark ; (2) severity
(-leikr frosts) ; (3) smartness, dash
(-leikr i orrostum) ; -liga, adv. sharply,
with a dash (ganga fram vel ok -liga) ;
-ligr, a. sharp, dashing (meS fylktu
liSi ok -ligu) ; -niannligr, a. = -ligr.
snarpr, a. (i) rough to the touch
(snarpt hdrklsedi) ; (2) keen, sharp, of
a weapon (snorp 0x, snarpt sver6) ;
(3) vehement, hard (snorp atganga,
orrosta) ; inn snarpasti kuldi, the
bitterest cold ; (4) smart, dashing, of
persons (manna snarpastr 1 orrostum) ;
(5) barren, rugged, = skarpr (land illt
ok snarpt).
snarr, a. (i) swift (snarir vindar) ;
(2) galla?tt, bold, smart; (3) keen
(snor augu) ; (4) sharp, penetrating
(s. til skynsemdar) ; (5) neut., snart,
as adv. soon, quickly (rann hann at
sem snarast).
snar-rat5r, a. qtdck and resolute ;
-raet5i, n. presence of mind, smart feat ;
-skygn, -synn, a. keen-eyed.
snar-spjot, r\. javelin, = snoerisspjot.
snar-volr, m. a stick by which a
cord is tightened.
snau(5ligr, a. bare, poor.
snau(5r, a. stripped, poor, bereft ; s.
2i.ii€, penniless ; snauSarkonurj^c-^^^^r-
wotnen ; snauSir menn, poor 7ne?i,
beggars ; snau6 or6, plain words.
snakr (-s, -ar), m. snake (poet.).
sndldr, m. snout (of a serpent).
snap-liga, adv. cloivnishly, like a
dolt ; -ligr, a. clownish, foolish.
snapr (-s, -ar), m. dolt,fool{^\i mant
vir6r sem hinn heimskasti s.).
snap-skapr, Wl. folly.
snefugr, a. fleet, swift (snuask at
sandi snefgir kjolar).
sneicS (pi. -ir), f. (i) slice (sneiSir
margar) ; (2) taunt, slight ; hverr a
J)essa s., who is meant by this slight f
stinga e-m s., to cut with sarcasm.
sneit5a (-dda. -ddr), v. (i) to cut
iftto slices, = sniSa ; {2) to taunt, make
game of, with dat. (slikt er ilia maelt
at s. honum afgomlum) ; (3) to walk
zigzag (sa ma6r, er bratta brekku
sneiSir) ; (4) s. hjd e-u, to pass by
(Katla mselti, at formoSr skyldi par
ekki hjd garSi s.) ; eigi man ek hja
peim kosti s., decline the offer,
siieit5i-gata, f. zigzag path.
sneis, f. wooden pin.
sneisar-hald, n. the part of a sausage
in which the pin is stuck.
snekkja, f. a swift-sailing ship (A.
dtti langskip, pat var s. tvitugsessa).
snellast (d), v. to lift up ones voice
(a hvern snelldist pu ?).
SNELLT
[393]
SNJ6-VETR
snellt, adv. hastily, harshly (segja,
svara s.).
snemma, older form snimma, adv.
(l) quickly, soon (hann var s. mikill
ok sterkr) ; (2) early (ganga s. at
sofa) ; s. um morgininn, early in the
morni7ig\ with gen., s. dags, morgins,
early in the day, mor7iing\ s. orrostu-
nnar, in the beginning of the battle.
snemm-buinn, pp. early, ready ;
-baerr, a. early hvnbing or calving;
-endis, adv. soon, early, = snemma;
-grcBr, a. early growifig.
snemt, a. n. early (konungi J)6tti
heldr s. at vekja herinn).
snepill, m. snip, flap ; eyra-snepill,
the lobe of the ear.
sneriligr, a. = snarligr (s. karl).
snerkja (-ta, -tr), v. to contract,
wrinkle (s. kinnr).
snerpa (-ta, -tr), v. (i) to whet (s.
0xar sinar) ; (2) impers., en er s. tok
leidit, as the 'wi?td grew brisker ; (3)
refl., snerpast vi6, to bestir oneself
snerra, f. smart shock, onslaught.
snerta (snert ; snart, snurtum ;
snortinn), v. (l) to touch (snart oddr
sverSsins kvi3 Hromundar) ; s. vic5
e-t, to touch (s. vid klasSi e-s) ; (2)
fig. to touch, concern (sokn ok vorn
mdla peirra, er okkr snerta).
snerta (-rta), v. to quaff off quickly
(snerti Hrungnir or hveiri sk^l;.
snerta, f. (1) short distance (B. var
i skoginum ok snertu eina frd J)eim) ;
(2) = snerra.
snerti-bratSr, a. ijnpatient; -roSr,
m. a smart, short ■pull.
sneySa (-dda, -ddr), v. to bereave
one of {s. e-n e-u).
sneypa (-ta, -tr), v. to disgrace, dis-
honour (svivirSiliga sneypandi).
sneypa, f. disgrace, ignominy ; fara
sneypu, to suffer ignof?nny.
sneypi-liga, adv. disgracefully,
shamefully (fara -liga fyrir e-m).
sneypu-for, f. disgraceful journey.
sniddari, m. tailor.
snit5-glima, f. a certain 7node of
wrestling ; -hvass, a. keen cutting.
snitSill, a. pruning- knife.
snifinn, pp. snowed-o?i (s. snjofi).
snigill (pi. sniglar), m. snail.
snild, f. masterly skill ; eloquence.
snildar-bragS, n. prowess ; -matSr,
m. great orator ; -ortS, n. pi. eloquent
language ; -verk, n. great or heroic
deed (morg ok dgaet -verk).
snilli, f. (i) = snild ; (2) prowess.
snilli-bragS, n. = snildarbragd.
snillingr (-s, -ar), m. heroic man.
sniSa (sni5 ; sneitS, sni^um ; snif-
inn), v.{\) to cut ; s. e-t af e-u, to cut
off{snei6 prasllinn hofu^it af jarli) ; s.
e-t i sundr, to cut asunder; s. til, to
make a ctit, to set about a thing ; (2)
to cut cloth, of tailoring.
snikinn, a. covetous.
snikja (-ta, -t), v. to hanker after
(s. til e-s, eptir e-u).
snjall-maBltr, a. eloquent, fine-
spoken (-masltr ok skjotrdSr).
snjallr, a. (i) well-spoken, eloquent
(hverr var {)essi inn snjalli maQr) ;
S. talac3i langt erendi ok snjallt, S.
7nade a long and eloqiiejit speech ; (2)
good, excellent (hit bezta rad ok snjall-
asta) ; (3) valiant, doiighty (s. ok vel
hugadr; ; s. ertu i sessi, thou art bold
enough in thy seat.
snj all-raddat5r, a. ready-tonmed;
-raSr, a. wise in counsel; -rseoi, n.
wise coiinsel, good pla7i ; -talatSr, a.=
snjall-masltr.
snja-drif, -fok, n. snow-drift.
snjafa (a (5), v. to s7iow, = snjofa.
snjar (gen. snjafar or snjavar), m.
sno7u, = snjor, snaer.
snjo-byrgi, n. snow-shed ; -drif, n.
snow-drift, snow raised by the wind\
-drifinn, pp. drifted with snow.
snjofa (at5),v./<3j-«<?w(snj6fa6i afjoll).
snjo-fall, n.fill of snow ; -fok, n.=
-drif ; -fol, n. thin cover of snow ;
-fonn, f. s7tow-wreath ; -hrit5, f. snow-
storm ; -hvitr, a. snow-white ; -lauss,
2i. free fr 0771 snow; -ligr, a. snowy;
-minna, a. compar. with less s7iow ;
-nam, n. 7nelti7ig of the snow, thaw.
snjor (gen. snjofar or snjovar), m.
snow, = snjdr, snasr.
snjo-samr, a. snowy (-samr vetr) ;
-skriSa, f. snow-slip, avalanche.
snjougr, a. s7iowy (var hann s. allr).
snjo-vetr, m. s7iowy winter (-vetr
inn mikli).
SlfOBIITN
PKI
sk"-<5:fe
asolftiiii. a. .-J.".; E, e:rc is: erm s.).!
BOoSra <at5 , v. = sr.udra.
snoppa, L sK:ut. muzsU cf a horsed
snotT ace snotran;, a. "d-'ise.
snotxa a?5 =, v. to nuike 'arise.
snotr-liea, adv. 'x-iscly i maela -liga).
snopa *-tal, v. to be idle, snuffle.
snot dI. -ir », f. gentlcru:oman.
snubba «at5 , v. to snub, chide.
snubba, snubban, f. snub, chiding.
snat^ra aS , v. to smfr. snuffle.
snaggy pres. sntiggirt, v. : to look
(horfa ok s. heljar tii) ; sniiiga snugg-
ir, t\-a5u Finnar, // locks like snow,
quc'th ike Finns.
snua any ; snora or snera : snu-
inn), V. \\\ to turn, with cat. ; snyr
jari Jjangat herinuTii. the earl turns his
host thither ; s. lifrlSi a hendr e-m, to
begin kostiiiiies against one ; S- aptr
fer3 sinni, to turn bctck : (2) to turn,
go ; sneni t)eir J>a yfir ina, then they
ueni across the river; J>eir sneni i
moti peim ok bordiist \\b J)a, they
turned against them and fought •u.-iih
them ; s. aptr, to turn back ; s, brott,
to go ariay 'macrirm sneri J>a brott' ;
(3 ; to change, alter (hann sneri siSan
nafni sinnj ; s. skapi sinu, to change
one's mind : (4 • to turn, tTvist, twine
(snua vond i harit) : i^) to translate
(sniia Latinti-brennn i norroenu » ; (6 »
impers.. snyr e-u, rt is turned • sneri
{)a mannfali: i li6 Kiijala : itchuinges
• bratt sneri f arhaginum f)Tir Teiti.. er
G. var 1 brorm • ; < 7; with preps., s. at
e-m, to turn on c^ne ; snum ver nu at
J)eim. let us turn ufon them ; s. at
brudhianpi. to prepare for; halt sva
hendi ynr honum, at engri hefnd se
til hans sniiit, protect him so that no
vengeance m^y befall him : s. e-u til
lei^, to cring about; skiptir mik
mikln, hversu fu \ilt til s., iihat turn
t/Lou "milt take; s. e-u um, to turn
upside dawfi, upset * mn snyr {m ollum
ssettmunai: to change completely (hon
kvadst hafa setlat at s. {>ar um lancs-
lagi oLu I ; s. undan, draw back, re-
treat, flee (en er baglar sa J)at, t)a
sneru J>eir undan • : (e < refl^ snuast, to
turn oneself (hafcH Gunnarr sniiizt i
hauginom; ; s. at e-m. i moti e-m, \'id
e-m, I9 turn upon one, face about, to
me^ OH artack ; sva snerist, at ^ir
komust i engan lifs-haska. // turned
out so, that they got into no danger of
life ; s. til leiSar, to turn to the right
way ; s. til e-s um e-t, to turn to one
for a thing (er l>at Hkast, at hann
snuist til varrar settar um \'infengit) ;
s. undan, to draw back (siSan vilcti A.
undan s. I.
Bmian-ligr, a. that can be turned.
snutSga (atS i, v. to win, gain ; refl.,
snuSgast, to gainfc-r cmeself.
8nu(5ieT, a. jtt'/r'/ ( simgu ok slungu
snuoga sreini ) ; neut., snuSigt, as adv.
swiftly ; fara, ganga snudigt, to marcky
walk at a ssirging pace.
snu^-liga, adv. swiftly, = snuSigt-
snn^5r, m. ^ i < tuist, tii-irl- l)eirknyttu
saman ok gorou snu3a a endunum) ;
*2i f'rofJ. gain (hvem snud sja J)eir
sinn i ^\\ ? .
smit^u-liara, adv. = snuSliga, snufligU
snuna (atS ■, v. to turn out. come to
be ; hve mun SigurSi s. aefi, how will
life turn out for Sigurd f
snuning, 1 (i conrcrsion i%. Pals
postola I : ' 2 ' turning.
Bn5-t5ja isny^, snudda>, v. to rusk
(hanr. for snySjandi at leita |>6r6]fs).
snykr, m. stench, stink (med fulasta
snyk : snykr ok u^efjan '.
enyrti-liga, adv. neatly, smartly
^bua=t -liga : -ligTf a. smart, elegant \
-mac5r, m. gentleman.
snvta -tta, -tti, v. (i) to blow the
ncse ' s. ser 1 ; s. rauSu, to get a bloody
nose ; -2) fig. to destroy ; snytt hefir J^
sifjungum, thou hast destroyed thine
owm children.
snyta, f. wrrthless fellov.'.
sufg-blandinn, pp. blended with
snow rar.nsika -blandna mold).
snge^a -dda, -ddri, v. to eat, take a
meed J)eir snaeddu ok drukku}.
snaB^ing, f. m£al, taking a meal
(taka s.) ; sitja i snaerSicgu, to sit
at a mead; veita e-m s., to give one
a dinner.
snffiSingr, m. = snsef irg (kalla e-t
tii sii2&6:r:gs I.
snaB-fali, n.fdl cf sncw. = snjofalL
snsfr I ace -ran;, a. a; tight, nor-
S^^-FUGL
[395]
s6a
row (snsefrir k^Ttla^) ; (2) tough. '
vigorous ' snsfrir >-in:r).
sne-fugl, rr.. sKo^x-buntir.g ; -folva,
f. = sn-or'ol ; -tLus, n. sn<7u:-houie\
-hvitr, a. SKc-v:-u/:t:: ; -kvaina, f.
fall cfsKcrju\ -kckkr, iil sr.c-zi-ba^l ;
-lauss. a. = sEJolauss.
snselda, f. sp.ndle.
sna&-liga, adv. syuyanly (see 'scug-
ga '; ; -litilL 2i.-j.itk little sncrw (-linl]
vetr) : -mikill, a. snouy (-mikiil vetr) ;
var snsmikit. there was much sncw ; ,
-nam, n. thaw. '
sna?r ■ gen. snaBfar or snaevajr^ m.
s^:^zi. = si:;i.r, sn or.
snae-samr, a. sk'-zi'v; -skafE^ f.
drij::Kg smzi- ; -skri^a, f. srwof-slip.
snsugT, a. sni-j.y,c(rjeredwithsn4yjL.
snoEri, n. j mistsdrc'pe^ cord, string,
: 2: .e , '.s'lir.g- . :ni \ -ligr, a. brisk.
sncEri s -spjot, n. jazelin with a
ther.g ' Sir-ta skau: -5p;o:i}.
snofur-leikr, m. z^irtn^ss \ Aisz..
adv. d<fi'.y ; -ligr, a. d^ i. .:.>r.-, r'-r. -:
(har a voxt ok -ligr) : -rcaniiligT, a.
= -ligT <sk;6:IigT ok -mannligr).
anog-g-liga, adv. suddspiljr.
sncggr ace snoggvan ', a. (i) skert
(gora 5:i::t skegg ck suL-gg^an kaicp .
J)eir biru allt gras ai snoggu. they ':,:
ii clcse ; - 2 1 short-haired ; < 5 > r;^ .: :V '; .
^rz>/^ (^orrosta horQ ok snogg' : reu:
snaggi, as adv. soon, qutckiy (^:. 1::
snoggt undan^.
snokta \-kta, -kt\ v. to s: - :.'-,:■
sncktan, f., snoktr, m. j . . . . /.
sncr, f. daughter-irs-taw.
sncrgl, n. r.itti:ng in the throat.
snorgla (a?', v. to rattle i".
threat hon la ok SEorglaSit.
snos gen. snasar >, f. rny:'.-.-/':/ • . . -':
sncttungr, m. 'v.Vi^.
so?, n. .Vc"/^ crekka sodi: .
so?-all, m. fi<esh-hosi : -fantr, m.
cc<>k : -fiiUr, a. ^i/.V r/ rriV/? (so^ :
-greifi, m. ^.vf'^c ; -hus, n. H::'".:': :
-ketill, m. cooking-keU.'e.
hard, s:^ur.dly\ s. iin, /^ sleep on^s
life a-j.'2y \ zg. to be dormant.
sofari, m. z.eiter (sjau sofarar).
sofinn, pp. 2i.-:ep (drukku meim sra
akai:. at h.err li s- 1 sinu rumii.
sofna a? t, v. to fall asleep : 5, fast,
tj fall /ast asleep hann scfcadi fast
ok le: :11a 1 svernii ; vera sc^iadr, to
ie asleep ep:ir um nottina er mp-nn
voru s:'fii.a6:ri.
so-gorr, -gorr, -gurr, a. so done ; at
-grim, as thlrgs stand, as matters
are; a -giir: cfian, to boot,
sokka-band, n. garter.
Bokkr -s, -ar , m. stocking.
sollr, m. szi"ll teygja rikr at solli).
soltinn, ^^. \ i) dead <. s. var S. sann-
an Ri'nari ; (2 hurgry. stoning.
sonar-bani, m. j-Z^vVr of on^s son ;
-bcEtr, I. pi., -gj oli n. pi. weregild
fc^ a s:k : -kran, f. sc^is ~J.ife.
"' :~ . -: --.'jzi ; -ska^i, m. loss of
■scMLT, m. .vc'.r scr.. grand-
.. . - .- : zzr:. :k ^marsynir .
son-la. "-:55, 1 . ...■. = sonarlauss.
sonr gez. 5:ni.r. ia:. syni ^ndi
scni: rl. synjir. scnir: ace sonn
5 : \' 1 .
g':.r. ^r:su:''.'u.
^ ..;:: . .: :
-. i s:ti =:ora;.
sopr-leiki\ ;. .
soppr. _~. . - ,_ :
. . _ "_ ; , „—_ \ ,
:rrg p.. -ir, I..
c;;a sorgir. to s.
:. .".
sorea-fnllr. a.
S.-r-
. ::ful: -lauss, .
/.
5::^.--:-buiia?r,
-'.
--uniiigr, m.
-^ .I'-ess :
-hi:.
:nir. m. .::z":al
socna
a a^ <, v. to become boiled.
s owning, I. boilings cooking.
so?-reykr, m. stea*n 'rrfK c:^cc:k^.
sofa sef : sraf. svafum : sofinn .
V. .'/ sleep; s. af um nottina, :. .
the night through', s. fast, tc :..y
5:; f 1: ^ -ligr, a.
.:.:. .::.:-: :':y ; -moc-. J., .listressedj
.:: -mcE^i, i. dis:'-ess : -samligr, a.^
-sainr, a. /.:.-. :r-'^.-. 'ul.
sorp, n. "- ... - era sorp a eld'i.
sorr^-h = • r ; / * s^ :erf:n£s.
rJ. peim, .:
eir e^es.
~ sen: kc.
sca ac, pp, aiso somn , v. ,ij .v
..-'c;j, sjLcr:flce, with cat.; ^2) soa
s6kn
[396]
s6tigr
ut, to sqtmnder ; sem i6 J)etta var ut
soat, when this ino?iey was spejit.
sokn (pi. -ir), f. (i) attack^ fif^ht
(harSr f soknum) ; (2) prosecution ;
ur6u J)^ allir i. J)at sattir, at pa vasri
framarr vorn en s., that the defence
was better than the prosecution ;
scekja me6 lands-Iaga sokn, to raise
a lawful action ; (3) concourse^ resort
of people (nu er s. mikil i Skalholt
um allt island), company ; {^) parish ;
(5)rtf/'^^, grapnel.
soknar-aoili, m. prosecutor, opp. to
* varnaraSili ' ; -folk, n. parish-folk ;
-gogn, n. pi. the proofs for a pro-
secution ; -kirkja, f. parish-church ;
-kvit5r, m. verdict; prestr, m. parts h-
priest ; -l)ing, n. a parliament with
courts and pleading (aSrir menn voru
at domum, \>\\ at -JJing var).
sokn-djarfr, -hart5r, a. martial,
valiant (froekn ok soknharSr).
sol (gen. solar, dat. sol and solu),
f. (i) sun (hann fal sik k hendi J)eim
guSi,ers6lina hafdi skapat) ; dmorgin
fyrir s., before sunrise ; einn morgin
vi5 s., about sunrise ; J)a var dagr all-
Ijoss, ok s. farin, the sun had risen ;
sol var litt farin, litt i. lopt komin, not
high above the horizon ; s. rennr upp,
the sun rises ; t)egar er solina laegSi,
when the sim got low ; s. gengr i asgi,
til vidar, undir, s. sezt, the sun sets ;
ganga at solu, to go prosperously, suc-
ceed to one's wishes (honum gengu
ndliga allir hlutir at solu) ; (2) day ;
fyrir ina J)ri6ju s., before the third sun,
within three days ; adr sjau solir eru af
himni, before seven days have passed.
s61ar-dr, n. solar year ; -ass, m.
the sun-god, Apollo ; -bruni, m. the
burning heat of the sun ; -fall, n.
sunset ; -gangr, m. the sun's course,
between sunrise and sunset (en er
vd,ra6i ok -gangr var sem mestr) ;
-geisli, m. sunbeam ; -glat5an, f
sunset ; -goS, n. = -ass ; -helgr, f.
feast of the sun-god', -hiti, m. heat of
the stin ; -hof, n. te^nple of the sun-
god ; -hringr, m. the orbit, ecliptic ;
-Ijos, n. sun-light ; -roc5, n. sun-
reddening, sunrise ; um morgininn i
-rod, at peep of dawn ; -setr, n. sun-
set ; -sinnis, adv. sunwise, from east
to west ; -steinn, m. suns tone, lode-
stone ; -suSr, n. the solar 7neridian ;
-tdr, n. '' su7i' s tear ', amber ; -uppras,
f. sunrise ; -old, f. solar cycle (twenty-
eight years).
s61-bjartr,a. sun-bright', -borc5, n.=
-byrSi ; -bratS, f. or n. sioi-thawing \
-brunninn, pp. sun-burnt \ -byrtSi,
n. ' sun-board\ gunwale.
solginn, pp. voracious, hungry.
sol-hei^r, a. sim-bright, su?i-lit\
-hvarf, n. solstice (nu li6r fram at
-hvorfum) ; -hvitr, a. sun-white.
soli, m. sole (of a shoe).
Bol-lauss, 3.. sunless ; -inark,-nierki,
n. zodiacal sign ; -setr, n. pi. sunrise
and sunset', me3 -setrum, milli -setra,
from sunrise till sunset ; -skin, n.
sunshi7ie ; -statSa, i. solstice, usually
in pi. (nu li3r fram at -stodum).
soma (-da), v. to beseem, become, be-
fit (somir J)er konungum at jDJona) ;
at hon soemdi J)er, that she were a fit
match for thee ; Idta s^r e-t s., to be
pleased with,
soma-for, f. honourable journey,
-g6c5r, a. creditable ; -hlutr, m.
honourable share ; -lauss, a. discredit-
able ; -maSr, a. honourable {worthy)
7nan ; -sam.liga, adv. beseemi7igly,
befitti7igly ; -ligr, a. decent, proper,
ho7iou7-able ; -semd, f. honour ; -spell,
n. lack of honour.
somi, m. honour (vil ek eigi drepa
hendi vi3 soma minum).
sonar-blot, n. a special sacrifice (of
a boar) ; -6jcejvi,m.. sacrificial blood \
-goltr, m. sacrificial boar.
sonn, m. sound (me6 scetum son).
sopa (atS), V. (i) to sweep, with dat.
(gridkonan sopar saman Idreptunum) ;
lata greipr s. um e-t, s. hondum um
e-t, to jnake a clean sweep, carry off
all', (2) to sweep a house, floor, with
ace. (A. let s. husin ok tjalda) ; (3)
refl., sopast e-u, s. at um e-t, s. um,
to scrape together, gather, — sopa e-u
at ser (s. monnum, s. at um menn).
sot, n. soot (soti svartari).
sotigr, a. sooty ; hann kom eigi undir
sotkan rapt, he never ca77te under a
sooty rafter.
s6t-iiaudii
[397]
SPANN
s6t-rau^r, a. ^ soot-red\ dark-red.
sott (pi. -ir), f. sickness^ illness, dis-
ease ; taka {or ii) s., to fall ill, be
taken ill\ kasta a sik s., to feign ill-
ness ; kenna {or k. ser) sottar, to feel
the symptoms of illness ; pi. pains of
labour (at su maer hafSi miklar sottir).
sott all, a. causing illness, contagious.
sottar-far, -fercSi, n. conditio7t of
one's illness ; sickness ; -sok, f. cause
of illness.
sott-bitinn, pp. struck down by ill-
ness ; -dautSr, a. having died from
sickness (hann lif5i skemmst ok var6
-dauSr) ; -hsBttr, a. exposed to sick-
ness ; -lauss, a. not ill, zvithout fever ;
-ligr, a. sickly) -litill, a. not very
ill\ -nsBinr, a. apt to be taken ill\
-tekinn, pp. take?i ill.
spaS, n. soup made from flesh or fish
(brytja hsenginn til spaSs).
spa(5i, m. spade, see 'jarn-spaQi '.
spak-latr, a. gentle, qtiiet ; -liga,
adv. {i) peacefully, quietly (Jjeir foru
at ollu sem -ligast) ; (2) wisely, like a
wise 7nan (talast vi5 -liga) ; -ligr, a.
wise, sage ; -mdlugr, a. wise in one' s
speech ; -mseli, n. wise {prophetic^
saying (1 skaldskap ok -masli).
spakr, a. (i) quiet, gentle (s. ok
siSugr) ; spok hross, quiet horses (not
running astray) ; (2) wise, with the
notion of prophetic vision (hann var
s. at viti ; spa er spaks geta).
spak-ra(5ugr, 2.. giving wise advice ;
-roec5a, f. =spaklig roe6a.
spanga-brjmja, f. plate-mail.
spann, n. (i) pail-, (2) a measure,
esp. of butter (s. smjors).
spannar-breitSr, a. span-broad.
spara (-^a, -tSr, also -atSa, -at), v.
(i) to spare (hann sparir eigi peninga
|>6r61fs) ; s. e-m e-t, to leave it to
another (sporum J)etta verk oSrum) ;
s. e-n til e-s, to spare one from (J^eir
sporSu hana eigi til erfiSis ok skap-
rauna) ; skal ek eigi mitt til s., I, for
my part, shall not be sparing in the
matter; s. e-t vi6 e-n, to withhold
from one (eigi spari ek mat vid ])ik) ;
s. e-t vi3 sik, to shrink froin ; hverr
sd er, at eigi sparir J^at uhapp vi5 sik,
who does not shrink from that crime ;
(2) refl., sparast til e-s, to shrink from^
forbear [he^ ekiengi til t)essasparazk);
to spa?-e oneself, spare one's strength ;
|5at or6 flyzt af, at J)u sparist vid, that
thou sparest thyself, dost not use all
thy strength.
spar(5a, f. an Irish battle-axe,
spark, n. kicking, tra??ipling.
sparka (a$), v. to kick ; also fig.
(at olmusur sparki i andlit mer).
sparkr, a. lively, brisk (sparkar dttu
v€r konur).
sparlak, n. curtai7i (tvau sparlok).
spar-liga, adv. sparingly ; -ligr, a.
sparing (bor6 helt hann sparligt) ;
-masli, n. leniency, reka -mseli vi5
e-n, to spare, deal leniently with.
sparnaSar-matSr, m. a person de-
serving to be spared (f>. kva3 hann
eigi -mann).
spar-neytinn, a. sparing in the use
of food, frugal', -neytni, {.frugality.
sparr, a. sparing.
sparr, n. a kind of spear.
sparr-haukr, m. sparrow-hawk.
spa (spd, spdt^a, spat), v. to pro-
phesy, foretell (s. e-m e-t ^r e-s).
spa (pi. spar), f. prophecy (sjaldan
hafa spar minar dtt langan aldr).
spd-dis, f. spae-sister, prophetess ;
-domliga, adv. prophetically ; -dom-
ligr, a. prophetical ; -domr, m. pro-
phecy ; -gandr, m. divination-rod',
-kerling, -kona, {.prophetess', -leikr,
m. divi7iation.
spaleiks-andi, m. prophetic spirit.
spa-maSr, m. soothsayer, prophet ;
-maeli, n. prophetic words, prophecy.
spdn-bakki, m. butts = skotbakki ;
-bijota, V. to break into splinters
(1 Grindavik sp^nbraut buzuna).
spdnn or sponn (gen. spanar, pi.
spaenir or spoenir, ace. spanu or
sponu), m. (i) chip, shaving (alia
sp^nu bdru J)eir at sk^lanum, slogu
siSan eld i allt saman) ; brjota skip
i span, to have o?te's ship broken to
pieces {peir brutu ski pit f span) ; brotna
i span, to be dashed to pieces (skipit
brotnaSi 1 spdn) ; (2) target (setja
spdn 1 bakka) 1(3) ornament on a war-
ship (only in pi. ; cf. *enni-spaenir ') ;
(4) divining chip, used at sacrifices
spInn
[398]
SPILIiANDI
(f^ll honum pi svd s. sem hann mundi
eigi lengi lifa) ; (5) table-spoon.
Spdnn, m. Spain, = Spanland.
span-nyr, a. span-new, bran-new
(mer er l)essi atburSr -nyr) ; quite
fresh, not exhausted (latum nii sem
\€r sdm -nyir) ; -6sa, a. indecl. span-
new (skipin voru -osa ok nybrsedd).
Spdn-verjar, m. pi. Spaniards-,
-verakr, a. Spanish.
Bpan-I)ak, n. shingle-roof', -J)aktr,
pp. shingle-thatched.
spdr, a. prophetic (i hjarta spds
manns) ; cf. ' forspdr,' ' veSrspdr.'
spd-saga, -sogn, f. prophecy (goSar
J)ykkja mer -sogur Jjinar).
spdzera (at$), v. to walk.
epegill, m. mirror, = skuggsj^.
speja (a5), v. to spy, = njosna.
spejari, m. spy, = njosnari.
speki, f. wisdom (su s., er hann
sagSi fyrir uorSna hluti) ; -andi, m.
spirit of wisdom ; -matJr, m. = spek-
ingr ; -mdl, n. words of wisdom.
spekingr (-s, -ar), m. a wise man,
sage (hann var hinn mesti s. at viti) ;
counsellor {mx r^6st Haraldr konungr
um vi6 spekinga sina).
speki-rd(5, n. a wise counsel.
spekja (spakta, spaktr), v. to calm,
soothe (s. menn sina) ; refl., spekjast,
to be calmed.
spekjur, f. pi. talk, parley (adrar
v^ru okkrar s.).
spekt, f. (i) quietness, peace (gaeta
e-s me3 s.) ; (2) wisdom (J)eim var
eigi gefin hin andliga spekin).
spektar-andi, m. spirit of wisdom ;
-brunnr, m. source of wisdom ; -niat$r,
m. = spekingr ; -mal, n. wise words ;
-munr, m. superiority in wisdom ;
komast i. -mun vi6 e-n, to outwit one.
speld, n. a square tablet.
spellga (-ta), v. to fix up with
splints (troSa belginn ok s.)
spelkur, f. pi. splints.
spell, n.flaw, damage, «» spjall.
spella (ac5), v. to spoil, destroy, =
spilla (oil veroldin var spelluS).
spell-reiS, f. overriding a horse ;
-virki, n. mischief-working, dai7iage ;
-virki (pi. -virkjar), m. mischief'
worker, highwayman.
spellvirkja-boeli, n. robber'* s den,
spell- virkni, f. doing damage.
spena-barn, n. sucking child.
spen-bolga, f. swelling of the teat;
-drekkr, m. sucking child.
spengja (-da, -dr), v. to spangle.
speni, m. teat, dug, esp. of animals
(kyr hefir fjora fcetr ok fjora spena).
spenja (spanda, spanitSr), v. to
allure, attract (t)eir spondu \vS undan
konungi) ; hann spandi ut hingat meQ
ser S^mund, he persuaded S. to come
out with hifn to Iceland.
spenna (-ta, -tr), v. (i) to span^
clasp (s. sver3 baSum hondum) ; hon
spennti hringinn d hond honum, she
clasped the ring round his wrist ; s.
e-u um sik, s. sik e-u, to gird oneself
with, buckle on (hann spennti sik
megingjorSum) ; s. af sdr beltinu, to
unclasp the belt ; (2) to clasp the hands
round one's neck, = s. hondum um hd,ls
e-m (J)ykki \>€r betra at s. karlsd6ttur) ;
(3) to clasp, catch, capture (prestrnok-
kurr gekk a land ; Birkibeinar spenntu
hann) ; harSliga spenntr, iii hard
straits ; (4) to spend (eptir ar liQit
skal ek segja per, hvat J)u spennir) ;
(5 ) s. boga, to draw a bow.
spenna, f. incofivenience.
spenni-tong, i. pincers, forceps.
sperna (-ta, -t ; old pret. sparn), v.
to spurn, kick with the feet (hann
spernir til risans me6 foeti).
sperra (-(5a, -Sr), v. to stretch out
(s. frd. ser foetr) ; refl., sperrast vi6, to
struggle against (gengu Jjeir a brott
me6 hana, en hon sperrSist vi6).
sperri-leggr, m. ' spar-leg', shaft.
spik, n. blubber [oi s^2i\s and whales).
spilla (-ta, -tr), v. (i) to spoil, de-
stroy, with dat. (brutu nidr hof ok
spilltu blotum) ; aldri skal hon s.
okkru vinfengi, never shall she spoil
our friendship ; s. fyrir e-m, to spoil
one's condition, do one harm, esp. by
slander; (2) to destroy, kill (s. aetla
ek baSum) ; (3) refl., spillast, to be
spoiled^ damaged ; s. \\b, to grow
worse ; mun mikit hafa um spillzt,
// must have got much wo?'se.
spillandi (pi. -endr), m. spoiler
(spillendr um vindttu vdra).
SPHiLI-D-^R
[399]
SPRETTA
epilli-dyr, n. noxious animal.
spilling, f. corruption.
epillir, m. spoiler ; s. bauga, breaker
of rings, liberal prince.
spinna (spinn ; spann, spunnum ;
spunninn), v. to spin (Katla sat d
palli ok spann gam).
spik (pi. spikr), f. spill, splinter.
spira, f. (l) spar ; (2) tube.
spitali or spitall, m. {i) hospice (for
travellers or pilgrims) ; (2) hospital.
spjald, n. tablety square, = speld
(log ritu5 a spjald) ; hlada spjoldum,
to weave chequered linen.
spjall, n. saying, tale, esp. pi. ; forn
spjoll fira, old tales of men ; urughlyra
jo fra ek spjalla, with wet cheeks 1
asked the steed for news', moSug spjoll,
lamentations.
spjall, n. (i) damage (taka s. af e-u) ;
(2) flaw (spjoll i. mali).
spjalla (ao), to spoil (spjolluS mdl).
spjalli, m. friend (Hrungnis s.).
spjot, n. spear, lance, both for throw-
ingand thrusting (skj6ta,leggjaspj6ti).
spj6ta(5r, '^^. furnished with spears.
spj6ta-16g, n. pi. spear-thrusts.
spjot-krokr, m. a hook on a spear ;
-lag, n. spear-thrust ; -lauss, a. with-
out a spear ; -leggr, m. spear-shaft.
spjots-brot, n. a broken spear \ -fair,
m. the socket of a spear-head ; -ball,
m. the end of a spear-shaft.
spjot-skapt, -skepti, n. shaft of a
spear (Jjriggja spjotskapta hdr).
spjots-oddr, m. a spear's point or
head (stanga e-m -oddinum).
spjot-sprika, f. spear-head (?).
spjots-skot, n. a shot made with a
spear (eigi tok konung -skotit),
spjorr (pi. spjarrar), f. swathing-
band, leg-band.
spor, n. track, footprint (J)eir rekja
s. sem hundar) ; ganga (stiga) 1 s.
e-m, to walk in one's footsteps, follow
one's example (vist hefir J)u vel fram
gengit, en Jjo hefir J)u eigi gengit mer
f s.) ; ekki spor, not a step.
spora (aS), v. to tread on.
spor^-dreki, m. the Scorpion.
sporSr (-S, -ar), m. tail of a fish,
serpent, &c. (s. sem i. fiski) ; standa
e-m k spordi, to be a match for^ be
one's superior (vitr maQr ertu, Ey61fr,
svd at fair munu standa a spordi {ler) ;
s. skjaldar, the lower pointed end of
a shield (t»reif B. sporS skjaldarins
hinni hendinni ok rak 1 hofud f>6r6i).
spor-ganga, f. backing, assistance
(veita e-m fylgd ok -gongu).
sporgongu-matJr, m. follower.
spor-hundr, m. slot-lwicnd, blood-
hound (varu leystir -hundar).
spori, m. spur\ keyra (Ijosta. sla)
best sporum, to put spurs to a horse.
sporna (a^), v. to spurn, tread on
(s. voll, moldveg) ; s. vi6 e-u, to with-
stand, resist (eigi ma vi5 skopunum
s.) ; without the dat., hann vildi taka
af mer hringinn, en ek spornadi vi6,
struggled against that.
spor-rakki, m. = -hundr ; -rsekt, a.
n., hafSi fallit litil snasfolva svi at
-raskt var, so that it was possible to
trace the footprints.
spott, n. mockery, scoff {"^xx ferr me6
s. ok hdQ) ; g0ra (draga) s. at e-u,
hafa e-t at spotti, to scoff at, turn into
ridicule.
spotta (atS), V. to mock, make sport
of (eigi J)arf at s. {)etta svd mjok) ; s.
at e-u, to jeer about a thing', s. e-t af
e-m, to cheat one of a thing.
spottan, f. mocking, jeering.
spotti, m. bit, small piece.
spottr, m. mockery = spott (ver3 uti
ok drag 0ngan spott at oss).
spott-samligr, -samr, a. mocking^
given to jibes (-samr ok udoell).
spoi, m. curlew (bird).
sponn, m. = spdnn.
spratSk, n. sprawling.
sprac5ka (ao), to sprawl.
spraka (ac5), v. to crackle.
spraki. m. rumour, flying report.
sprakki, m. poet, woinan.
sprengja (-da, -dr), v. to make burst
(H. kvezt eigi mundu s. sik a grauti) ;
s. best, to break the wind of a horse.
sprengr, m. bursting', honum belt
vi6 spreng, he was near bursting fro7n
exhaustion ; vinna til sprengs, to work
oneself to death.
spretta (sprett ; spratt, spruttum;
sprottinn), v. {\) to spring up, issue
forth (J)ar sprettreinn mikill brunnr) ;
SPRETTA
[400]
SPYRNA
spratt honum sveiti f enni, sweat burst
out on his forehead\ also s. upp
(spratt J)ar vatn upp); (2) to start,
spring; s. af baki, to spring off horse-
back ; s. k foetr, s. upp, to start to one's
feet, jump up ; spratt upp lassinn, up
sprang the lock ; spratt henni fotr ok
fdll hon, she slipped and fell \ spratt
J)at upp af heimamonnum, at, it was
rumoured that ; (3) to sprout, grow,
of hair, grass, crops (piltar tveir leku
d golfi ; J)eim var sprottit har or koUi).
spretta (-tta, -tt), v. (i) to make
spring upy unfasten, loosen ; s.
gjordum, to ungird', s. hi. loku, to
unlock \ (2) to rip open or up (s.
saum) ; ek I^t s. berkinum, / had the
bark peeled off; {>jalfi spretti i. knifi
si'num, Th. split the bone with his ktiife.
springa (spring ; sprakk, sprung-
um ; sprunginn), v. (i) to spring,
bound', (2) to spirt out, issue forth
(sprakk bl66 bseQi af nosum hennar
ok munni) ; (3) to burst, split, break
(hornit sprakk f sundr i miSju) ;
sprotinn kom i andlitit ok sprakk
fyrir, the switch caine on his face, and
the skin was broken ; (4) to die from
over-exertion, grief, &c. ; s. af harmi,
to break one's heart ; ef jju hefSir eigi
mat, nema d hrasum spryngir, if thou
couldst get 710 food save by ov er gorg-
ing upoti corpses.
sprota-barn, n. a chastised child.
sproti, m. (i) sprout, rod, stick,
switch ; (2) the end-piece or clasp of
a belt (fetlar sprotum settir).
sprund, n. poet, woman.
spreekr, a. sprightly ^ lively^ active
(sveinninn var s.).
spresna (-da, -t), v. to spirt out.
sprokla (aS), v. to sprawl, kick with
the feet (Skotar letu smaborn s. d
spjotaoddum).
spuni, m. spinning (cf. 'gull-spuni ').
spurall, a. asking many questions,
inquirifig, inquisitive (hverr er s4
ma6r, er svi er s.).
spur-dagi, m. (i) question, inquiry,
(2) report, news (J^ann einn spurdaga
hofum ver til t)in, at),
spurn, f. (1) question; (2) news,
report^ tidi?igs (mun pegar s. koma
til Hoskulds) ; hafa s. af e-u or til e-s,
to have news of.
spuming (pi. -ar), f. question.
spusa (a6), V. to espouse^ marry,
spusa, f. spouse, wife,
spyrSa (-rtSa, -rSr), v. to tie up
{fish) by the tail.
spyrja (spyr, spuria, spurtSr), v.
{\) to track, trace steps or Jootprinti
(hundar J)eir, er voru vanir at s. p^
upp, erundan hljopust) ; {7) to investi-
gate, find out (peir fengu hann eigi
upp spurSan); (3) to ask; G. spurSi,
hvat hann vildi ^i. Idta at gera, G.
asked what he wished them to do;
with gen., s. e-n tiSenda, to ask
tidings of one ; s. e-n raSs, to ask
advice of, consult one ; H. spurSi
margs 6r brennunni, H. asked much
about the burni?tg ; with preps., s. e-n
af e-u, at e-u, at urn e-t, um e-t, to
ask one about a thing; s. at e-rn, to
inquire after one; s. e-n at nafni, /j
ask one his name ; s. eptir, to ask,
inquire (spurSi hon eptir, hvat islenz-
kra manna vseri i. skipi) ; spurSi
Hoskuldr dottur sina ekki eptir, H.
did not ask his daughter's consent ;
(4) to hear, be infor7ned of (s. sonn
tidendi) ; Snorri spyrrnu, hvar komit
er malunum, now S. hears how the
causes stood; s. til c-s, to get intelli-
gence as to, hear of (si6an hefi ek aldri
til bans spurt); (5) refl., spyrjast, to
be heard of or reported, to get abroad;
til l^orveigar spur6ist t)at, at hon 14
hcett, // was told of Th. that she was
very ill; impers., mer spyrst a t)ann
veg, / am told; hefir til J^essa skips
aldregi spurzt, nothing has since been
heard of this ship ; s. fyrir um e-t, to
inquire about (peir spurSust J)a fyrir
um fer6ir Olafs konungs) ; rccipr. to
ask o?ie another (spyrjast tiSenda).
spyrna (-da, -dr), v. to spurn ; s.
fceti a e-n or a e-m, s. fceti til e-s, to
push ojie with the foot, to kick (f'6rr
spyrndi fceti sinum k hann) ; s. fceti
(lotum) 1 e-t, to put or press ones
foot {feet) against ; s. vi6, to struggle
against with the feet (it fyrsta sinn,
er ulfrinn spyrndi vi9, brotna6i sa
fjoturr) ; s. e-u af ser, to kick off (gat
SPYTTA
[401]
STABR
hann spyrnt af s^r fjotrinum) ; frd
spyrndr allri eign, spurned from,
bereft of\ recipr., spyrnast f iljar, to
touch ojie another with the soles (of
two stretched on their backs).
spytta (-tta, -ttr), v. to cheat (e-n
af e-u) 07ie out of a thing.
spyja (spy, spjo, spuinn), v. to
spew, vomit, with dat. (hon spjo
longum bl66i).
spyja, f. vomiting, vomit (gaus or
honum s. mikil).
spyta, f. spit, stick, wooden pin.
spyta (-tta, -ttr), v. to spit, pin
with sticks (hann spytti aptr tjaldit
or tjaldinu).
spyta (-tta, -tt), v. to spit (Jiraelar
hans spyttu i andlit honum).
spaenskr, a. Spanish.
spolr (gen. spalar, pi. spelir, ace.
spolu), m. (i) rail, bar-, smugu {)eir
mini spalanna, they crept between the
bars ; (2) bit, short piece (hefja upp
sogu ok segja af spol nokkurn).
spong (gen. spangar, pi. spengr),
f. spangle (viru lagSar yfir spengr af
gulli) ; floe, flake of ice (Markarfljot
fell 1 milium hofu3isa, ok viru spengr
i. her ok hvar).
sponn (gen. spannar, pi. spannir),
f. span (spannar breiSr, langr) ; knifr-
inn var spannar fram ixi. hepti, the
knife was a span long from the haft.
sporr (gen. spors or sparrar), m.
sparrow (s. flaug i akr karls).
stabbi, m. block, — stobbi, stubbi.
statSa, f. standing (leiddist bcendum
stadan) ; place, position.
statSa-fe, n. church-property ; -mdl,
n. contest (between the clergy and
laity) about church property ; -menn,
m. pi. the lay proprietors of the church
estates.
8tat5ar-f61k, n. townsfolk ; -forrdS,
n. administration of a church estab-
lishment ; -prestr, m. parish-priest ;
-setning, f. establishment of a convent.
staddr, pp. from ' ste6ja ' ; (i)
placed, present ; ef hann var Jjar s.,
J)ar sem blot voru, if he happened to
be present ; vera vi6 {or hja) s., to be
present ; vera uti s., to be outside the
house \ {2) placed in a certain position,
situated, circumstanced (vel, ilia s.) ;
litt s., doing poorly ; hvi er ykkr svd
statt til Sigfussona, why do ye talk
thus of the sons of S.
stats - fastliga, adv. steadfastly ;
-fastligr, a. steadfast, firjn ; -fastr,
a. (i) residing, abiding (var hann
-fastr i. HaSalandi) ; (2) steadfast (pu
ert -fastari en flestir menn a6rir) ;
(3) faithful, staunch (-fastr vinum
sinum) ; {^)firfn, settled (-fastr domr j ;
-fast 1 skapi e-s, fixed in ofie's mind;
-festa (see festa), v. (i) to give a fixed
abode ; -festa sik, to take up one's
abode ; (2) to ?nake finn, steadfast
(staSfestu J)eir J)etta miX me3 ser) ;
-festa ra6 sitt, to establish oneself',
-festa at gera e-t, to make tip one's
tnind to do a thing', (3) refl., -festast,
to take up one's abode, establish one-
self {^i. er ek kem at 6c5ru sinni, mun
ek her -festast) ; to be determined
(-festist J)essi rdSagerS) ; to grow
firm, strong (sem riki hans -festist
meirr) ; -festa, f. {i) fixed abode, resi-
dence (hafa, taka -festu) ; (2) stead-
fastness, stability, fif-mness', (3) con-
firmation ; -festi, f. steadfastness,
firmness ; -festing, f. confirmation ;
-festr, pp. steadfast.
stac5festu-bref, n. deed of confirtna-
tio7i ; -lauss, a. without a fixed abode
or livelihood.
stat5-g6t5r, a. well tempered (-gott
sverd) ; -hogg, n. a good hit or blow
(koma -hoggi a e-n).
sta^inn, pp. from ' standa* ; vita til
staSins, to know for certain.
statS-lausa, f. cibsurdity, folly ; masla
-lausu stafi, to talk much folly ; -lauss,
a. timid, unsteady ; -leysi, n. restless-
ness of mind, unsteadiness ; -ligr, a.
(i) local (-lig ndlaegS) ; (2) steadfast,
finn ; -lyndr, a. stubborn.
statSna (ac5), v. to stop, pause, abate
(staSnaQi J)a kurr buandanna).
statS-nefna (-da, -dr), v. to deter-
mine (-nefna um e-t).
staSr (-ar, -ir), m. (i) ' stead'' , place,
spot', fimmtdn i hvirum si7i6, fifteen
i?i each place ; i einum sta3 1 Englandi,
somewhere in England ; skipta i tv^,
fjora staSi, to divide into two, four
Dd
STABB
[402]
STAF-SPROTI
farts ; fara af sta6, to go aivay^ leave ;
hafa sik af stad, to absent oneself',
biSa e-s or sta6, to wait on the spot,
wait till one is attacked (Baglar bi6u
eigi hogganna 6r sta6, ok flySu J)eir
upp fyrir nor3an boeinn) ; ra6a c-u til
sta6ar, to settle', gefa e-u sta6, to
stop ; J)eir gefa eigi sta3 ferfiinni, they
stopped not on their journey ; gefa
staSar, to stop, halt ; ^i. er sa iss gaf
staSar ok rann eigi, when that ice
stopped and flowed no more ; nema
stad or staSar, to stop (her munum
v6r staS nema) ; leita stac5ar, to seek
a place to ease oneself'^ (2) adverbially,
f sta5, t>egar i staQ, on the spot, at
once ; rett i stad, just now ; 1 marga
sta3i, in many respects ; i alia stadi,
in every respect] i engan stad, no-
ways ; { annan stad, on the other
hand, secondly, i stadinn, instead',
alls stadar, everywhere : annars stadar,
elsewhere ; nokkurs stadar, anywhere ;
(3) end, result ; vil ek vita, hvern stad
eiga skal mdlit, / wish to know how
the matter is to stand', koma f einn
stad nidr, to turn out the same way ;
(4) stop, pause, hesitation (l)eim vard
s. d um andsvorin) ; (5) springiness,
elasticity, of steel, &c. ; ok dregr or
allan stadinn or boganum, the bow
lost all its spring', (6) strength of
niind, courage ; mun hann ekki eiga
stad vid sjonum bans, he will not be
able to stand his looks ; gora stad f
hestinn, to make the horse firm ; (7)
mark, print, traces (J)eir sd ^ar engan
stad J)eira tidinda, er I)ar hofdu ordit) ;
(8) church establishment, church, con-
vent (stadrinn i Skdlaholti, d Holum) ;
(9) town (marga stadi vann hann 1
pessu landi i vald Girkjakonungi).
statJr, a. restive, of a horse ; verda
s. at, to stop, start, from surprise.
stacS-ramr, a. steadfast ; -rdSa (see
rdtSa), V. to determine, make up one's
mind', -remi, f. steadfastness] -t)rot-
inn, pp. quite exhausted.
Btafa (aS), v. (l) to put letters
together; (2) to assign, allot (synist
oss Jjessum manni hardr daudi
stafadr) ; s. e-m eid, to dictate an oath
to another \ s. fyrir e-m, to ordain
(skyldu l)eir s. fyrir J)eim slikt, er J)eir
vildi) ; s. fyrir fe sinu, to dispose of
one's goods.
stafaSr, pp. striped (stafat segl).
stafa-noin, n. pi. names of letters ;
-setning, f. arrangement of letters ]
-akipti, n. transposition of letters;
-snuning, f. metathesis.
staf-karl, m. poor beggar.
stafkarla-buningr, m. beggar dress]
-letr, n. a kind of runic letter.
stafkarls-gervi, n. beggar's garb ;
-stigr, m. beggary, vagrancy ; troda
-stig, to be reduced to beggary ; taka
upp -stig, to take to begging.
staf-kerling, f. beggar-woman ;
-kerti, n. taper, candle ; -lauss, a.
without a stick (ganga -lauss or
-laust) ; -\igv,^. pertaining to letters ]
-lurkr, m. cudgel] -leegja, f. one of
the long beams along the walls join-
ing the pillars (stafir).
Btafn (-3, -ar), m. (i) the stem of a
ship, esp. the prow ; stafna d medal,
med stofnum, from stem to stern ;
hafa e-t fyrir stafni, to be engaged in
a work ; berjast um stafna, to fight
stem to stem ; deila um s. vid e-n, to
have a hard struggle with one ] (2)
gable-end {oi a building),
stafn-biii, m,. forecastle-man (on a
war-ship); -gluggr, m. gable-window ]
-haf, -hald, n. standing, course (on
the sea) ; -har, a. stem-high ; -hvila,
f. bed in the gable] -kasta (atS), v.
impers., -kastadi skipinu, the ship
capsized] -le, -Ijdr, m. grappling
hook] -lok, n. half -deck in the fore-
castle ; -rekkja, f. = -hvila ; -sveit,
f. forecast le-77ien, = stafnbua sveit ;
-seeng, f. = -hvila; -tjald, n. teftt in
the bow or stem.
stafr (-S, -ir), m. (i) stafiT^post in a
building, = uppstodutr^ ; (2) stave of
a cask; (3) stafiT^ stick (ganga vid
staf) ; (4) written letter, stave ; (5) pi.
stafir, lore, wisdom (fornir stafir).
fltaf-rof, n. the alphabet.
stafs-hogg, n. blow with a stick
(Ijosta e-n -hogg).
8taf-sl0ngva, f. a sling on a stick
(opp. to * handslongva ') ; -sproti, m.
stick (tak -sprotann f bond t)er).
STAG
[403]
STANDA
sta^, n. stay^ esp. the rope from the
mast to the stem (en er peir drogu
seglit, gekk i sundr stagit).
staga (a5), v. to bind, sew up.
stagl, n. rack ({)enja ^r festa i stagli).
stagstjorn-marr, m. poet. ship.
staka (atS), v. (i) to push or shove
(I)eir stokuQu Gretti) ; (2) to stagger,
stumble (stakar hann at eldinumj.
staka, f. ditty, stanza,
staka, f. skin, hide.
Btaka-stormr, m. strong gale.
stakk-gartSr, m. stack-yard (for hay).
stakkr (-a, -ar), m. (i) cape, short
cloak (hann var 1 bldm stakki) ; (2)
stack of hay; stakks vollr, a Jield
producing one stack.
stakra (atS), v. = staka.
stalla-hringr, m. altar-ring.
stallari, m. a king's marshal.
stallbroetSra-lag, n. fellowship.
stall-heilagr, a. altar-holy (menn
biota t)3er i, -helgum stad).
stalli, m. {heathen) altar (st65 par
s. d midju goifinu).
stallr (-S, -ar), m. (i) pedestal,
support for an idol (skur3go6 sett d
stall); (2) crib, manger (hross st63
vi5 stall ok at) ; (3) the step of a mast
(iss var f stallinum) ; drepr stall or
hjarta e-s, drepr stall hjarta e-s, one's
heart fails hitn.
stallra (at5), v. (l) to stop a bit (s.
vi6) ; (2) to falter (stallrar hjarta e-s).
stama (atS), v. to stammer, stutter.
stamp-austr, m. baling a ship with
a tub, = byttu-austr.
starnpr, m. a large tub.
stamr or stammr, a. stammering,
standa (stend ; stotS, sto^um ;
statSinn), v. (i) to stand, opp. to sitja
or liggja (hann stod vi5 vegginn) ;
koma standandi ni3r, to cotne down
on one's feet ; skal mik niSr setja
standanda, in a standing position ; s.
fast, to stand fast ; s. hollum foeti, to
stand slanting ; (2} to stand, stick (G.
skaut sva fast nidr skildinum, at hann
st66 fastr f jorSunni) ; sveininum stod
fiskbein i hdlsi, the bone stuck in his
throat , (3) to stand, remain', bor6
st66u, stood, were not removed; (4) to
standy be situated (beer cinn st65
skamt frd l)eim) ; (5) to stand still,
rest, pause (st65 pa kyrrt nokkura
hri3) ; verSr her fyrst at s. sagan, the
story must stop here for the present ;
(6) to last (haf6i lengi staflit bardag-
inn) ; (7) to befit, decofne (konungr
kvaS pat eigi s., at menn lasgi svd) ;
ekki stendr per slikt, // does not befit
thee ; (8) to stand in a certain way,
project, trend (fjogur horn ok st66u
fagrt, hit priSja st65 i lopt upp) ;
stendr inn straumrinn, the tide
[current) stands in ; blodbogi stod or
hvarutveggja eyranii, a stream of
blood gushed out of both his ears;
kallar hann betr s. veQrit at fara land-
hallt, that the wind stands better for
making land \ stod vindr af landi, the
wind blew from the land ; s. grunnt,
to be shallow (vindtta okkur stendr
grunnt) ; (9) to touch ; s. grunn, to
stick on the ground {ork'in stod grunn);
(10) to catch, overtake (hann drap
menn Eiriks konungs, hvar sem hann
stod pdj ; s. e-n at e-u, to catch one
doing a thiftg (ef madr verdr at pvi
stadinn,at hann meidir smala manna) ;
(11) to stand, endure, bear (s. e-t or
e-u); (12) to press, urge, trouble (elli
stod Hdrek) ; hvat stendr pik, what
ails thee f ', (13) to weigh so much
(gullhringr, er stod mork) ; (14) to
stand by one, side with one, with dat. ;
mikils er vert, hversu fast N. stendr
per um alia rddagerd, how close N.
stands by thee in all counsel ; (15) with
preps. ; s. af e-u, to p7-oceed from, be
caused by (opt stendr illt af kvenna
hjali) ; vil ek ok eigi, at af mer standi
brigd okkarrar vinattu, nor do I wish
to be the cause of a breach in our
friendship ; s. af e-u vid e-n, to give
up, cede to one; impers., segir hann
honum, hvernig af stod um ferd bans,
how the matter stood as to his journey ;
s. at e-m, to attack (var vid sjalft, at
peir mundu s. at prestinum) ; to stand
by one, on on^s side (ek veit eigi vist,
hvadan G. inn riki stendr at) ; s. i. e-u,
to stand on, insist on (statt ei d pvi,
er pe'r er bannat) ; impers., stendr a
illu einu med peim, they are on very
bad terms ; s. a c-m, to hang over one
STANDA
[404]
STABF
(sd skoggangssok, er d per stendr) ;
to refer to ({)at heilrseSi st66 upp a
J)enna sama sendiboSa) ; s. eptir, to
remain^ be left ; s. fyrir e-u, to stand
in the way of (l^eir kvddu geip hennar
ekki skyldu s. fyrir J)ingrei6 J)eira) ;
s. e-m fyrir prifum, to staiid in the
way of on^s thriving \ to stand before
one, protect one (ver skulum Egil af
lifi taka, en hlifa engum, er fyrir
honum vill s.) ; s. hja e-m, to stand by
one, assist one ; s. i e-u, to be engaged
in^ busied with (s. i bardogum, ein-
vi'gum, malum, kvanboenum) ; impers.,
stendr i deilu med J)eim, there is a
quarrel between thetn ; s. meQ bloma,
to be in a flourishing condition ; s.
mod (d moti, f moti) e-u, to stand
against ; s. saman, to stand together,
be gathered, amassed (par stoQ au6r
mikill saman) ; s. til e-s, to tend
towards; s. til umbotar, to stand for
mending, need it ; sem boen ySur
stendr til, as your prayer tends to ;
eptir J)eim efnum, sem honum poetti
til s., according to the merits of the
case ; eptir Jjvi sem log stodu til, as the
law was (taka J)eir allir vid botum,
sem log st65u til) ; impers., stendr
til e-s, it is to be expected, feared (til
langra meina mun s., ef) ; s. e-m til
e-s, to ^assist, help one (B. segir,
hversu O. hafdi honum til staSit) ; s.
undan, to be lacking (mikit stendr
undan vid hann i vinfenginu) ; s. vel
undir e-t, to support well, back it up
well (munu margir vel undir pat s.) ;
s. undir e-m, to be in one's possessio?i,
keeping (feit stendr undir honum) ; s.
upp, to stand up from a seat (pa st63
S. upp ok mas'.ti hdtt) ; to 7'ise from
bed (s. upp ok klaedast) ; to be left
standing (fimm einir menn st63u upp
a skipinu) ; s. uppi, to be left standing
(K. hinn au6gi fly6i ok allt 116 bans,
pat er uppi st66 ; hus pau, er uppi
stodu) ; to be laid up ashore, of a ship
(stigu peir 4 skip pat, er par hafdi
uppi stadit um vetrinn) ; of a corpse,
to lie on the bier (lik Kjartans st63
uppi 1 viku i HjarSarholti) ; of a bow,
to be kept bent (boginn ma eigi einart
uppi s.) ; s. vid e-u, to withstand
(vikingar svd harSfengir, at ekki
stendr vi3) ; impers., stendr vi6 e-t, it
is on the verge <?/"(peir dttu sva har6a
leika, at vi6 meiSingar st66) ; s. yfir
e-u, to be present at (heldr vildi hann
penna kjosa en s. yfir drapi f^orgils
fraenda sins) ; to extend (par er peira
riki stendr yfir) ; s. yfir, to stand over,
last (hversu lengi skal fjarbon sja yfir
s. ?) ; i pessum gridum ok svardogum,
sem yfir standa, which now stand, are
in force ; (i6) refl., standast, to be able
to stand, keep one's feet (T. rendi fyrir
hann torgu, ok stedjaSi hann yfir upp,
ok stoSst p6) ; to be valid, hold good
(i o6ru skulu pin ra6 s., en eigi h^r
um) ; to stand, bear, tolerate ; Kari
st66st petta eigi, K. could not stand
this ; s. e-m, to be equal to, be a match
for (O. var svd froekinn maSr, at fair
stoSust honum) ; s. af e-m, to proceed,
arise frotn one ; af henni mun s. allt it
ilia, from her will arise all kind of
ill ; sva stenzt af um ferS mina, the
matter stands so as to my journey ;
recipr., standast d, to stand opposite
one another (boer bans stoSst a ok
konungs atsetr) ; to correspond,
answer to each other, in regard to
size, duration, &:c. (pat st63st k nesit
pvert ok fylking peira) ; stodst pat
(allt feit) a endum ok pat, er G. atti
at gjalda fyrir sik, it came just to
what G. had to pay for himself]
stenzt heldr i moti med peim hjonum,
they wer-e rather at sixes and sevens^
did not agree well.
stand-soSull, m. high saddle.
stanga (aS), v. (i) to stick, prick,
goad; s. or toniium ser, to pick the
teeth; (2) to butt, gore {n^ut'in stongudu
uxann til bana) ; (3) refl., stangast, to
butt one a?wther.
stanka (a^), v., s. vid, to be reluctant.
stapi, m. a steeple-f 01 tned single rock.
stappa (acS), V. {\)to stamp ; s. fotum,
to stamp with the feet ; s. snjoinn, to
stamp {beat) dow?i the snow ; (2) to
bray, in a mortar (s. lauk).
stara (stari, star(5a, starat), v. to
stare, gaze {s.i. e-n).
starf, n. labour, work, toil, business ;
hafdi konungr mikit s. pann dag, the
STARFA
[405]
STEFNA
king was very busy ; vera i starfi me6
e-m, to be at work with one^ assist
one in his work.
starfa (aS), v. (i) to work ; s. £ e-u
or at e-u, to be busy about (s. f ping-
deildum, at matseld) ; s. i. monnum,
to trouble people ; {2) to do, work at.
starfa-litill, a. not troublesotne \
synist mer J)etta -minna, less trouble-
so7ne ; -mikill, a. troublesome.
starfi, m. = starf ; hafa starfa d
monnum, to enawiber people with toil\
leggja starfa i. e-t, to take pains about.
starf-litill, a. = starfalitill ; -samr,
a. laborious^ troublesome ; hafa (eiga)
-samt, to have mtich trouble.
starfs-ismott, f. working dress ;
-matSr, m. worker, workman (ma5r
aettsmdr ok -ma6r g66r).
starf-sveinn, m. workman, assistant
(hverr J)eira med -sveinum).
atari or starri, m. starling.
star-synn, a. staring; {>rdinn var
-synn d {>6rger5i Gliimsdottur, kept
staring at her.
stauli, m. lad, in ' sveinstauli '.
staulpa, f. lass, in ' meystaulpa*.
staup, n. (i) knobby lump (s. mikit
sem mannshofud) ; (2) beaker, stoup.
staura (atS), v. to drive down a
stake ; refl., staurast, to be impaled.
St aura-gar t5r, m. paling.
staurr (-s, -ar), ra.pale, stake (vdru
settir storir staurar yfir dikin).
stal,n. (i) steel {svQxQ, spjot or stali);
sverfa til stdls, to fight it out to the last
(hann kvad J)d ver6a at sverfa til stdls
me6 J)eim) ; (2) steeled weapon (heyra
matti fjorar milur er stalin moettust) ;
(3) the beak of a ship (J^eir hofSu rask-
ott fyrir stdlinu) ; (4) the inside of a
haystack (hann tok laust hey or std.1-
inu); f 5 ) intercalary sentefice in a verse.
stal-broddr, -gaddr, m. steel prod
or spike ; -gorr, a. made of steel ;
-har (5r, a. hard as steel ; -hattr, m.
steel hat ; -hjalmr, m. steel helmet ;
-hufa, f. steel cap.
stalpatJr, pp. grown up (ungarnir
voru litt stdlpaSir).
atal-pik, f . = -gaddr ; -s ld3f. steel
bar; -sleginn, pp. steel-moimted',
-aorflnn, ^^. filed to the steel.
stedda, f. mare (skjaldsveinn leifi-
andi eina steddu).
stet5i (gen. ste?ja), m. (i) stithy^
afivil (S. hj6 i ste6jann ok klauf ni3r
i fotinn) ; (2) the 7mnt (konungs s.).
stetSja (a5), v. to bound, leap.
ste^ja (ste5, stadda, staddr), v.
{i)to stop (nd staddi konungr Ii3 sitt) ;
(2) to fix, settle (hon hafdi statt 1 hug
ser at Jjjona gudi einum i hreinlifi) ;
s. e-t fyrir s^r, to determifte, decide on
{\>n munt hafa statt fyrir per, hvar
ni6r skal koma) ', {3) to make firni {^i.
er hann hafSi statt ok styrkt riki sitt; ;
(4) to permit (s. fyrirbodna hluti).
ste(5ja-nef, n. the thin efid of an
anvil ; -ateinn, m. stone-base of an
anvil ; -atokkr, m. anvil-block.
atef (gen. pi. ste:Qa), n. (i) terjn,
time fixed', viku s,., a week's notice-,
(2) refraifi (in the central portion of a
' drapa *).
stefja (a5), V. (i) toprevent (s. mann-
tjon) ; (2) s. a e-n, to address one.
stefja-balkr, m., -mdl or -mel, n.
each of the sets of verses ettding with
the stef i7i a drapa.
stef-laus3, a. without burden, of a
poem (drapa en steflausa).
stefna (-da, -dr), v. (l) to go in a
ce7'iain direction, esp. of sailing (s. inn
fjorSmn, ut or firdinum) ; jDat {viz.
dyrit)stefndi til HrutsstaSa, it inade
for H. ; (2) to aim at (hoggit stefndi
a fotlegginn) ; e-m verSr nser stefnt,
one has a narrow escape ; betr for en
til var stefnt, better than it was begun,
of luck better than foresight ; with
dat., s. ser til orkumla, to expose one-
self to ; (3) to g^ve notice to one,
sunimon one ; s. e-m um e-t, to sum-
tnon one for a thing ; ek skal J)er
Mor6r vera ok s. J)er af konunni, and
sumtnon thee to give up thy wife ; (4)
to cite ; s. sok, mali, to bring a case
{suit) into court; {s) to call, summon
(s. e-m til tals vi6 sik, i. sinn fund) ;
s. at ser lidi, to summon troops; s.
e-m saman, to call together (s. saman
ollum lySj ; (6) with ace. to call to^
gether,fix, appoint (Jjeir stefndu J)ar
J)ing, en bcendr vildu eigi til koma).
stefaa, f. (i) direction, course; halttu
STEPIiQ
[406]
STEMMA
fram stefnunni, keep on in the same
direction \ (2) appointed meeting {^ .
konungr kom fyrr miklu til stefnunnar
ok beid J)ar lengi) ; (3) the appointed
ti7ne for jneeiing (er s. sii var lidin, er
i. kvedin var, J)a etc.) ; (4) summons ;
I)riggja ndtta s., a summons with three
days' notice ; Otkell laetr Jjegar dynja
stefnuna, O. immediately thundered
out the summons.
Btefni, n.prow, stem, = stafn.
Btefning, f. summoning, citation.
stefnu-boS, n. a summoning to a
meeting ; -dagr, m. day of summons
(leggja e-m -dag) ; plur., -dagar, sum-
monittg-days (when summoning could
be lawfully done) ; -f6r,f. summoning-
journey (fara -for) ; -lag, n. appoint'
ment for a meeting \ -leiSangr, m.
naval expedition to an appointed
meeting ; -myrginn, m. the morning
of a citation-day ; -statSr, m. meeting-
place, appointment (halda -stao) ;
-stund, f. the time of aft appointment',
-s6k, f. a case of citation ; -tal, n.
discourse at a meeting; -timi, m.
meeting-time ; -vdttr, m. a witness
to a summons ; -veetti, n. evidence of
a lawful su7nmoning.
steggi, m. he-bird, in * andar-steggi *.
Btegla (-da, -dr), v. to expose, set up
(a slain enemy's head).
steigur-liga, adv. proudly.
steik (gen. -ar, pi. -ar), f. steak.
steikara-hus, n. kitchen ; -hof 5ingi,
-meistari, m. head cook, master cook.
steikari, m. roaster, cook.
steikja (-ta, -tr), v. to roast (s. d
teini) ; s. smasra en, to have a smaller
steak on the spit than.
steina (-da, -dr), v. to stain, colour,
paint (skipit var allt steint fyrir ofan
sjo) ; steind klasdi, coloured cloths.
steina-bru, f. stone bridge, stone
arch ; -B0rvi, n. stone necklace.
stein-bitr, m. sea-wolf wolf-fish ;
-blindr, a. stone-blind', -bogi, m.
stone arch ; -borg, f. stone castle ;
-delfr, m. wheat-ear, fallow finch ;
-dyrr, f. pi. doorway of stone ; -gartJr,
m. stone fence ; -geit, f. ibex.
ateingeitar-merki, n. Capricorn.
stein-golf, n. stone floor \ -hjarta.
n. heart of stone', -bus, n. stone house\
-boll, f. stone hall ; -kast, n. throw-
ing stones, a stone's throw ; -ketill,
m. stone kettle ; -kirkja^ f. stone
church ; -ligr, a. stony (-ligt hjarta) ;
-meistari, m. stone-mason ; -mustari,
n. = -kirkja ; -murr, m. stone walL
steinn (-s,-ar), m. (i) stone, boulder,
rock (s. einn mikill) ; (2) precious
stone (bituUinn var settr steinum) ; (3)
calculus or stone in the bladder ; (4)
paint (skip steint baefli hvitum steini
ok rauSum) ; (5) stone building,
cloister, cell ; setjast {or ganga) i stein,
to become a hermit.
stein-nokkvi, m. stone-boat ; -oSr
or -65i, a. violent (eptir J)at kom d -66r
utnyrSingr) ; -pikka, f . mason's pick ;
-rafr, n. stone roof\ -setja, v. to set
with stones ; -smitSr, m. mason ;
-smit5, f. stone-masonry ; -smit5i, n.
(i) = -smid ; (2) articles worked of
stone, stone itnpiements ; -sott, f. ccil-
culous disease, stone ; -spjald, n.
sto7ie tablet ; -st61pi, m. stone pillar ;
-strsBti, n. paved street; -tdlga, f.
stone-can'ing', -veggr, m, stonewall;
-virki, n. fortificatio7i of stone;
-J)ildr, ^^. panelled with stone ; -J)r6,
f . stone coffi7i ; -or, f. stone arrow.
stekkr (-jar or -s, -ir or -ar), m.
latyif s fold (sem lamb or stekk).
stekk-tiS, f . the time when the lambs
are kept infolds.
Btela (stel ; stal, stdlum; atolinn),
v. to steal, with dat. ; s. e-u fri e-m,
to steal fro7n one ; s. e-n e-u, to rob
one of (s. e-n eign sinni) ; dss er stol-
inn hamri, Thor is robbed of his ham-
mer ; refl., stelast at e-m or d e-n, to
steal upon, attack 07ie unawares ; s.
frd e-m, to steal away from ; recipr.,
stelast frd, to steal from one another.
stelari, m. stealer, thief.
8telkr,m. redshank (a bird).
stelling, f. mast-step (iss var f stell-
ingunni) ; cf. ' stallr ' 3.
stemma (-da, -dr), v. to stem, stop,
da7n up, esp. a stream or fluid (peir
stemdu sva uppi vatnit) ; steinn sa, er
stemdi J)urftina, stopped the urine ;
impers., stora Iceki stemdi uppi, were
ste7nmed, obstructed ; refl., stemmast,
STENGJA
[407]
STILLA
to be stayed, to abate (kvaS vi5 1)at opt
strid manna stemmast).
Btengja (-da, -dr), v. to bar (s. dyrr) ;
s. uti, tfl shut out (J)er viliS stengja
uti pafann sjilfan).
sterk-leikr, m. strerigth (dgastr at
-leik) ; -liga, adv. strongly ; -ligr, a,
strong-looking.
sterkr, a. (i) strong, stark (hann var
mikill maSr ok s.) ; (2) great (sterk
orrusta, sterk veizla).
sterk-viSri, n. a strong gale.
sterta (-rta, -rtr), v. to stiffen (hus-
kona sterti ermar).
stertr, m. short tail^ dock.
stett (pi. -ir), f. (i) pavefnent \ (2)
stepping-stones {^t\x fcerSu stdttir J)aer
i dna, er aldri hefir or rekit si6an) ;
(3) degree y rank (hverrar stettar
ertu "() ; (4) order, condition', (5) base
of a vessel.
stetta (atS), v. (i) to be the source of
(s. mikit illt) ; (2) to aid, assist, with
dat. or ace. ; (3) to do good.
st6ttar-ker, n. a vessel with a base.
st6ttr, m. (i) ranky position ; (2)
condition, state.
steyldr, a. crouching^ bent,
steypa (-ta, -tr), v. (i) to throw
{hurl) down (hann steypir ser ^a ut af
J)ekjunni) ; (2) to overthrow (t)at mun
gu6 vilja, at versteypim honum) ; (3)
to cast 071 or off 2. garment (s. af ser
brynjunni, s. d, sik grdri kapu) ; hann
hafcJi loSkapu yzt ok steypt hettinum,
had let the hood sink over the face ; (4)
to pour out, with dat. (s. so6i a leiSi
hans) ; hann let s. J)ar i. gullinu, he
poured the gold out itito it \ hann tok
orvarnar ok steypir JjeimniSrfyrir sik,
and throws them down before him ;
(5) to cast,fou7id, with ace. (var taflit
allt steypt af silfri) ; (6) refl., steypast,
to tutnble down, fill stooping (steypt-
ist hann dau6r i. golfit) ; s. fyrir bord,
to plunge overboard ; s. i kaf, to plunge
into water and dive.
steypari, m. caster^ foimder\ cf.
'eirsteypari '.
steyping, f. overthrow, degradation.
steyptr, pp. coining down over the
face (steyptir hjalmar).
steyta (-tta, -ttrj, v. (i) to throw,
cast violently fpeir steyta J)eim ut 6r
vagninum) ; {1) to pound, bray.
steytr, m. shock (of a wave).
stig, n. (i) step, pace-, (2) step of a
ladder; (3) ^^X. dtgree,rank\ afhifum
(Mgum, litlum) stigum, of high {low)
degree {birth).
stiga-ma$r, m. highwayman.
stig-gata, {.footpath ; -hosur, f. pi.
riding-stockings.
stigi, m. ladder (hann J)6ttist sja
stiga frd himnum).
stigr or stigr (-s, -ar ; pi. -ar, -ir,
ace. -a, -u), m. path ; rySja sti'ginn, to
clear the way ; taka ukunna stiga, to
walk in unknowft paths', stemma
stiga fyrir e-m, to bar one's way, cut
one off', kanna ukunna stigu, to visit
unknown paths {foreign lands) ; af
hverjum s\\g,fro7n everywhere.
stig-reip, n. ^stepping-rope\ stirrup.
stik, n. pi. stakes, piles, which in
times of war were driven in the mouths
of rivers (hann Idt ok s. g0ra i dna
Terns me8 bly ok jarni).
stika (atS), v. (i) to drive piles (stik)
i?tto ; Olafr konungr let s. ana uppi^
he blocked the river by means of piles ;
{1)10 measure with a yard-i7teasure
(s. lerept, vadmdl).
stika, f. (i) stick; (2) candlestick
( = kertastika); {■^)yard,yard-measti7'ey
equal to two Icelandic ells (menn
skyldi hafa stikur, J)cer er vaeri tveggja
alna at lengd).
stikill (pi. stiklar), m. the pointed
e7id of a horn (stikillinn hornsins).
stikkinn, a. disagreeable.
stikk-knifr, m. dagger^ dirk.
stikla (a(5), v. to leap (sa studdi
hondunum d bdlkinn ok stikla5i sva
ut yfir balkinn).
stikna (atS), v. to be roasted,
stilla (-ta, -tr),v. (i) to still, soothe,
cabn (Njordr stillir sja ok eld) ; s.sik,
to co7itrol oneself , keep control of one' s
te77iper ; s. sonu okkra, to restrain our
sons ; {2) to 7noderate, te77iper, with
dat. (konungr var allreifir ok stillti 1)6
vel ordum sinum) ; (3) to arrange,
settle-, vel er J^essu i hof stillt, this is
very justly settled', s. g0r6inni, to
77ioderate. regulate the arbitration :
STIIilil
[408]
STJORW
s. til um e-t, to arrange (hversu J)eir I
skyldi til s. um feiSina) ; s. sva til, at,
to manage, that (nu skulum ver s. svi
til, at l)eir nai eigi at renna) ; (4) to
tune2in instrument (s.horpu, strengi) ;
{S) to walk with measured, noiseless
steps (hann stillti at rekkjunni hljod-
liga) ; (6) to entrap, outwit (hann
l)ykkist nu hafa stilltan l)ik mjok i
{)essu).
stilli, n. (i) self 'Control, calmness
(me5 g65u s.) ; (2) trap (nu hefir refr-
inn i s. gengit).
stilli-liga, adv. composedly, calmly,
with moderation (maela, fara -liga) ;
-ligr, a. 7noderate, calm, composed.
stilling, f. (i) management (kunna
goSa s. d e-u) ; (2) moderatio?i, calm-
ness, temperance (hafa s. vi6).
stillingar-niat5r, m. 7noderate man.
stillir (gen. -is), in. moderator, king.
stilltr, a. cahft, moderate, coviposed.
stinga (ating ; stakk, stungum ;
stunginn), v. (i) to thrtist, stick,
with dat. (hann stakk niSr merkinu i
jorSina ; hann stakk hendinni i eld-
inn) ; s. niQr nosum, to bite the dust ;
s. vi5 fotum, to stop short ; (2) to stab,
with ace. ; s. augu or hofSi manns, s.
ut augu e-s, to put out one^s eyes ;
impers., stingr mik i hjartat, my heart
aches ; s. e-n af, to make away with
one ; s. af stokki vid e-n, to push away,
cut one short ; s. af um lidveizlu, to
refuse to grant help ; (3) refl., stingast
til e-s, to thrust oneself forward (pu
hefir mjok stungizt til l^essa mils).
stingi, m. a stitch i?i the side (kenna
sdr stinga undir siSunni).
stinn-leggjacSr, a. strong-legged.
stinnr, a. ( i ) stiff, unbending, strong
(stinnt spjot) ; fljuga stinnt, to fly
with great force ; (2) stiff, great, heavy
(stinn manngjold).
stir a (-'Sa), v. to stare, = stara.
stirS-foettr, a. stifffooted, stiff-
legged ; -kvetSinn, pp. stiff in co?n-
position, of poetry ; -lyndr, a. sticb-
bor?t, obstinate ; -IsBti, n. froward-
ness, hard temper.
stirSna (atS), v. (i) to become stiff,
stiffen ; stirSnadr af elli, stiff with age ;
(2) to become severe (ve6r tok at s.) ;
of the temper, to become harsh (I)eir
toku mjok at s. vi3 hann).
stirc5-ort5r, a. having difficulty of
tcttera7ice (famasltr ok -orSr).
stir(5r, a. (i) j/(]^rz^zV^(f6tinn g0r5i
stirSan sem tr^) ; stirt kvaeSi, a poem
lacking in metrical fluency ; e-m er
stirt um mdl, one talks with difficulty,
has no fluent tongue', (2) harsh, se-
vere (s. domr) ; (3) stiff, unbending
(Helga g0r5ist stir6 vid Hrafn).
stirfinn, 2i. froward, peevish.
stirndr, a. starry (s. himinn).
stirtla (atS), v. to raise with diffi'
culty ; karl getr stirtlat s^r d foetr,
managed to stagger to his feet.
stia, f. sty, kennel (hann var barSr
sem hundr hjd stiu).
stia (a$), V. to pen lambs.
stifla (atS), V. to dam up (s. loek).
stifla, f. da7n (gera stiflu 1 arosinum).
stiga (stig ; steig or st6, stigum ;
stiginn), v. (i) to step, tread (hon
matti ekki s. a fotinn) ; s. fotum i.
land, to set foot on land', s. fram, to
step forward ; to die, = fara fram ;
s. undan bor6i, to rise fro7n table ; s.
a best, s. d bak, to 7nou7it one's horse,
get on horseback ; s. af hesti, af
baki, to alight; s. d, skip, to go on
board ; s. fyrir bor6, to leap overboard ;
s. ofan, to step down ; s. upp, to
ascend', s. til rikis, to ascend the
thro7ie ; s. yfir e-t, to overco77ie ; s. yfir
hofu6 e-m, to get the better of one ; (2)
to step 071, set foot on, with ace. ; h^r
ste hon land af legi, she landed he7^e
fro77i the sea ; O. steig 1 sundr orfit,
O. trod asu7ider the scythe-handle,
stigr, m. path ; see ' stigr.'
still, m. style {of writi7ig).
stima (a6j, v. to have a tussle,
stiman, f. hubbub, tiwtult.
stivarSr, m. steward.
stjaka (atSj, v. to give a push to,
with dat. (Fr66istjaka5i honum).
stjarna, f. star ; spec, polar star.
sfjori, m. (l) steerer, ruler (gumna
s.) ; (2) stone anchor.
stjorn, f. (i) steeri7ig, steerage', (2)
hel77i, rtidder ; sitja vi3 s., to sit at
the hebn ; Ormrinn let ekki at s., did
not obey the rudder ; i.%., on the star-
stj6rna
[409]
STOKKR
board side (1£ landit is.); ^ stjorn
Hikoni jarli, on the starboard side of
Earl H. ; (3) rule, government ; J)at
er meiri s., at, it is 7nore fittings that.
stjorna (at5), v. to rule over, govern^
with dat. ; (lifir hann of allar aldir ok
stjornar o!lu riki sinu).
stjornacSar-matSr, m. ruler.
stjornan, f. ruling.
stjornar-blatS, n. the blade of a
rudder (a stafni ok k -bla5i).
atjornari, m. (i) steersman \ (2)
ruler, guider (s. himintunglanna).
stjornar-lauss, a. without rule
(-laust riki) ; -mat^r, m. (i) steers-
man ; (2) ruler (-ma3r yfir e-u) ;
-vald, -veldi, n. authority ; -voir, m.
tiller ; cf. ' hjalmunvoir '.
stjorn-bitla^r, pp. bitted, bridled,
of a horse (bra hon af stalli -bitlud-
um) ; -borSi, m. starboard side',
-byrSingr, m. starboard man ; -fastr,
a. provided with a rudder ; -lauss, a.
rudderless ; -latr, a. = -samr ; -ligr,
a. orderly ; -marr, m. poet. * rudder-
steed\ ship ; -samr, a. able as a ruler j
fitted to rule ; -viS (gen. -vitSjar), f.
band fastening the rudder to the ship ',
-voir, m. = stjornar- voir.
stjup-barn, n. stepchild ; -dottir,
f., -facSir, m., -motSir, f. step-daughter^
-father, -in other.
stjupr, m. stepson, = stjupsonr.
stjolr (ace. pi. stjolu), m. rump.
stj6rnu-b6k, f. {pook of) astronomy
or astrology.
stjornubokar-list, f. = stjornubok ;
-matSr, m. astronomer, astrologer.
stjornu-gangr, m. the course of the
stars ; -ij)r6tt, -list, f. astronomy ;
-Ijos, n. star-light', -mark, n. con-
stellation ; -meistari, m. astrologer ;
-rim, n. astrology ; -tal, n. number
of stars', -vegr, m. constellation.
stotJ (pi. stpSr, ste$r, later stoc5ir),
f. {\) pillar, post; eru veggir hans ok
stefir ok stolpar af raufiu gulli, its
walls a?td pillars and posts are of red-
gold: (2) fig. prop, support (margar
stoSir runnu undir hann, fraendr, miigar
ok vinir).
sto5a (acS), v. (l) to stay, support,
back (s. mil e-s) ; s. til e-s, to help,
assist in a thing ; (2) to avail, boot,
with dat. ; ekki miin m^r J)at s., ef m^r
er dau5i astlaCr, that will stand me
in no stead, if death is doomed for me ;
hvat stoSar |3at, what boots it f
8totSa-mat5r, m. supporter.
stofa, f. sitting-room (mi Hi stofu ok
eldhuss ; fra eldaskdla inn i stofu).
stofn (-S, -ar), m. (i ) slump of a cut
tree (var ^i eytt skogunum ok stoQu
stofnarnir eptir) ; (2) foimdation ',
standa i sterkum stofni, to stand on a
strong footing, stand firmly (rikit er
ungt ok stendr eigi i svl sterkum
stofni sem skyldi) ; setja vel (ilia) d s.
vi3 e-n, to treat one well {badly) ;
hefjast tveim stofnum, to look un-
certain, of a journey.
stofna (aSj, v. to establish, found
(s. mustari) ; s. heit, to fnake a vow ;
s. hesta^ing, to arrange [get up) a
public horse-fight', s. ri6, raSagerfi,
a^tlan, to forrn a plan ; s. kaup, kaup-
mila, to strike a bargain ; S. kva6
hann vist verr launa vistina en stofnat
var, worse than was intended.
stofu-buna(5r, m., -dyrr, f. pi.,
-gluggr, m., -golf, n., -horn, n.,
-hurS, f., -pallr, m., -reykr, m., the
hangings, doorway, window, floor,
corner, door, flooring, smoke of a
sitting-room.
stokka (at5), v. to build, raise \ s.
hitt, to aim high.
stokka-belti, n. a belt composed of
plates clasped together ; -bur, n. a
chamber built of stocks or logs (as in
Norway) ; -ker, n. a cask placed on
stocks (syruker e3r stokkaker).
stokkinn, pp. from ' st0kkva' ; bl65i
s., sprinkled with blood, blood-stained ;
E. var J)a a 0fra aldri ok stokkit hir
hans, E. was up in years, and his hair
was sprinkled with grey.
stokk-lauss, a. without a stock, of
an anchor.
stokkr (-S, -ar), (i) stock, trunk,
block, log of wood (skutu feir stokki i
hrygginn sva at i sundr tok) ; fcera
fornir stokkum e6a steinum, to offer
to stocks or sto7ies ; (2 ) the wall of a
log-house; innan stokks, fyrir innan
stokk, inside the house^ in-doors
STOLTR
[410]
ST6R-G.ETINaR
(Hrutr fekk henni 611 ri6 i hendr fyrir
innan stokk) ; utan stokks, fyrir utan
stokk, outside the house, out-of-doors \
(3) = set-stokkr ; drekka e-n af stokki,
to drink 07ie U7tder the table ; sti'ga a
stokk ok strengja heit, to place one's
foot on the stock (setstokkr) and make
a vow ; (4) board along the front of a
^^^(Egill gekk til rekkjunnar ArmoSs
ok hnykkti honum a stokk fram); (5)
anchor-stocky = akkeris-stokkr ; (6)
stock of an a/z^'/7 (klauf SigurQr steSja
Regins ofan 1 stokkinn me8 sverd-
inu) ; (7) gunwale of a ship, = bor3-
stoickr ; (8) pi. stocks on which ships
are builty = bakka-stokkar ; skipit
hljop af stokkunum fram i. dna, the
ship slid off the stocks into the river ;
(9) a pair of stocks for culprits ; setja
e-n i stokk, to set one in the stocks ;
{\6) a piece of wood put on the horns
of cattle (var stokkrinn af hornum
graSungsins) ; (li) trunk, chest, case.
stoltr, stoltz, a. proud.
stoltz-liga, adv. proudly.
stopall, a. shaking, reeling, rocking ;
fara, ganga stopalt, to meet with a
mischance ; stopalt munu6 ganga, ef
it stundid pangat, // will be ill with
you, if ye go thither.
stoppa (a(5), v. to stuff (s. upp belg
med mosa ok lyng).
stort5, f. young wood (falla sem s.).
storkna (atSi, v. to coagulate, con-
geal (bl66 hans var storknat).
storkr (-s, -ar), m. stork.
storma-samr, a. storjny.
Btormr (-s, -ar), m. (i) gale, storm
(stormar miklir) ; (2) uproar, tumult,
fury (setiS nidr penna storm, ok vikist
til saetta vi5 konung ySvarn).
storm-samligr, -samr, a. stormy;
-vit5ri, n. storm-weather, tempest.
stotS, n. stud of horse{s) and mares
(hann gekk til st66s sins).
st6t5-hestr, m. stallion ; -hross, n.
stud-horse or -mare.
stola, f. stole, worn by ecclesiastics.
st61-bru(Sa, f., -brutSr, f. ^ chaii--
bride ', chair-post with a carved head ;
-konungr, m. the Greek emperor.
atoll (-S, -ar), m. (i) stool, chair
(setjast k stol) ; (2) bishop's see or
residence (for biskup heim til stols
sins) ; sitja at stoli, to be bishop ; vera
at stoli, to reside ( skal annarr biskup
vera at stoli i Skalaholti) ; (3) a king's
throne or residence (S. konungr setti
stol sinn ok hofu5sta3 i Konunga-
hellu) ; (4) pi. a class of angels.
stoli, m. a kind of table (hann t6k
borQbunad af stolnum).
stoli, m. stock (cf. ' skipastoll ').
st61-niat5r, m. chaii'inan.
stolpi, vc\. post, pillar, column.
stols-bru^r, f. = stolbruQr.
st61-setning,f. enthronement', -settr,
pp. e7ithroned (var ek -settr ok vig6r
konungsvigslu).
stor-au^igr, a. very wealthy ; -ar,
f. pi. large waters ; -beinottr, a.
large-boned (-beinottr 1 andliti) ; -blot,
n. pi. great sacrifices ; -bokkar, m. pi.
mighty and overbearing men, lordly
magnates ; -borgir, f. pi. big towns ;
-borinn, pp., -burSugr, a. high-born\
-brogtSottr, a. very sly \ -bu, n. pi.
great estates', -bygSir, f. pi. large
counties or settleme7its ; -boeir, m. pi.
great estates ; -boendr, m. pi. great
freeholders ; -deildir, f. pi. great dif-
fere7ices, qua7'rels ; -draumar, m. pi.
porte7itous dreams ; -eflis-menn, m,
pi. mighty 7nen ; -eignaSr, a. rich.
st6reigna-ma?Jr, m. great land'
owner (-maSr ok harSlyndr).
stor-eignir, f. ^\. great landed estates;
-erfit5i, n. severe toil, hard work ;
-eyjar, f. pi. great isla7ids ; -f6, n.
great wealth ; -feginn, a. ve7y fain,
very glad ; -fengr, a. grand, stately ;
-feng kyr, a good 77iilch cow ; -fetaSr,
-fetr, a. lo7ig-striding, taki7ig g7'eat
steps', -fiskr, m. big fish (whale)',
-JQatSrar, f. pi. big feathers ; -fjollottr,
a. with great 7nou7itains ; -flokkar,
m. pi. large detachments ; -fundir,
m. pi. great 7neetings, great battles ;
-fot, n. pi. big clothes ; -ganga, f.
much walking', -gjafar, f. pi. great ^
lordly gifts; -gjSfull, a. 7}iunificent ;
-gjold, n. pi. heavy fi7ies ', -gloepir,
m. pi. great cri7nes ; -gnipur, f. pi.
great peaks ; -goz, n. great property ;
-grjot, -gryti, n. big stones, rocks;
-gryttr, a. rocky, sltony; -gaetingr.
ST6R-aCE©INGK
[411]
st6r-vbrk
-goetSingr, m. magnate ; -hagr, a.
very skilled, handy ; -heimskligr, a.
grossly foolish ; -heit, n. pi. great
vows ; -heru$, n. pi. great districts \
-hlutir, m. pi great things ; -hrasddr,
a, 7nuch afraid \ -hugat$r, a. y^/>//-
minded, proud', -hveli, n. big whale ;
-hof t^ingi, m. great magnate ; -hdggr,
a. dealing heavy blows ; -ilia, adv.
^',?ry badly ; -illr, a. t/^jry bad ; -jar-
tegnir, f. pi. great wonders, tfiiracles ;
-kappar, great champions; -katlar,
m. pi. big kettles ; -kaupmatSr, m.
wholesale dealer', -kloeki, n. p\. great
wickedness ; -kostliga, adv. in grand
style ; -kostligr, a. grand ; -kvik-
endi, n. pi. great beasts ; -kvaetSi,
n. pi. great poems ; -langr, a. very
long', -latr, a. (l) proud, haughty;
(2) mmiijiceftt ; (3) «^/ content with
little ; -lei(5i, n. /^//^ way ; -leikr, m.
{l) greatness, size; {2) presufnption,
pride ; -leitr, a. big-faced; -lendur,
f. pi. great lands; -liga, adv. (i)
greatly, very ; (2) proudly ; -ligr, a.
(i) ^r^rt/ (-lig gaefa) ; (2) /r^«^, big
(-lig orS) ; -litt, adv. very little ;
-Ijotr, a. very ugly ; -lokkar, m, pi.
lo7ig locks ; -lyndi, n. inag7ianimity,
generosity ; -lyndr, a. magnanimous,
high-mi7ided; -lasti, n. {l) pride, over-
bearing; (2) liberality, 7?iunificence ;
-lond, n. pi. great lands ; -mannliga,
adv. like a grand ;;m«, 7nu7iificently ;
-mannligr, a. 77iagnificent, grand;
-margr, a. very 7nany ; -mal, n. pi.
great suits (standa 1 -malum) ; -mein,
n. pi. g7-eat evils ; -meizl, n. pi. g7-eat
injuries ; -menni, n. [\)big77ien (f>6rr
er lagr ok litill hja -menni Jjvi, sem her
er met) oss) ; (2) great 77ia7t, 77ian of
rank ; (3) liberal man ; -menska, f.
great7iess, 77tunificence; -merki, n. pi.
wonderful ihi7igs, great wo7ide7's ;
-merkiliga, adv. wo7ide7fully ; -merk-
iligr, a. wo7iderful ; -mikill, a. Inige,
immense; -iOD26i.,a.dv.very7nuch, im-
mensely ; -mseli, n. pi. {i) great affairs
(standa i -maelum) ; (2) the greater ex-
co77tmu7iication ; vera i -maslum, to be
exco77i77iU7iicated ; -naer, adv. very
nearly ; -orSr, a. using big words ; big-
Btorr (atceri or stcsrri, stoerstrj, a.
(i) big, great, of size (s. fiskr, stort
dyr) ; stor veflr, 7'ough weather, great
gales ; stor saer, high sea ; g0r5i J)d
stort i. firSinum, the sea rose high ;
{1) great, pote7it (at hann skyldi varast
at g0ra Olaf eigi of storan) ; ["^ great,
i77iporta7it (tillagagoSr hinna stcerri
mala) ; (4) proud (fann hann J)at britt
i. Sigri5i, at hon var heldr stor).
st6r-ra(5r, a. ai7ibitious, daring (t)u
ert baedi vitr ok -ra6r) ; -refsingar,
f. pi. severe pu7iish7nents ; -regn, n. pi.
heavy rains; -riki, n. pi. great em-
pires ; -rikr, a. very poiuetful.
storrae^a-raaSr, m. a 7nan of great
aii7is (hinn mesti -maSr).
stor-rsetSi, n. (i) ai7ibition ; (2) dan-
gerous, g7'eat undertaking; -rok,
n. pi. great events ; -sakar, f. ^\. great
offe7ices ; -Bar, n. pi. g7'ievous wounds ;
-ska(5ar, m. pi. great da7nages ; -skip,
n. \)\. great ships ; -skorinn, pp. huge,
large-bo7ied ; -skorinn i andliti, big-
faced; -skriptir, f. pi. heavy pen-
ances; -skiildir, f. pi. great debts;
-slog, n. pi. great visitatio7is, plagues ;
-smi^i, n. great, strong work ; -statS-
ir, m. pi. g7'eat towns, great church-
establish7nents; -sveitir, f. pi. large
detachments ; -ssBti, n, large hayrick ;
-soemdir, f. pi. great honours ; -takn,
n. pi. great wonders ; -titSindi, n. pi.
great tidi7igs, great events ; -tr6, n. pi.
huge bea77is.
storu (neut. dat. from * storr *), adv.
= storum ; -gi, adv. greatly, much
(eigi -gi meiri).
storum. (plur. dat. from * storr '),
adv. very, greatly, 77iuch ; faSir hennar
ok moSir urSu s. fegin, were very
glad; stiga s., to take lo7ig steps; l)at
berr s., it a77iou7its to 7nuch; compar.,
stoerrum, 77tore, in a greater degree ;
eigi stoerrum n^ smasrrum, neither
77iore 7ior less.
st6r-u(5igr, a. stout-hearted, proud ;
-ufarar, f. ^\. great evils ; -vandi, m.,
-vandrae^i, n. pi. great difficulties;
-vegir, m. pi. broad roads, highways;
-vegligr, a. very honourable ; -veizl-
ur, f. pi. great banqtiets; -vel, adv.
worded, high-sounding (-ort kvasSi). 1 right well ; -verk, n. "^X. great deeds \
st6r-vidadr
[412]
STRID
-vit^atSr, a. large-tmibered (var skipit
borSmikit ok -viSat) ; -vitJir, m. pi.
great timbers^ big bea?ns ; -vitSri, n.
great storm ; -virki, n. pi. great
achievements^ feats ; -virkr, a. doing
much work (baeSi sterkr ok -virkr) ;
-vitr, a. very wise ; -vi(5a, adv. very
widely \ -yrtSi, n. pi. big words \ -t)ing,
n. great {oecumetiical) cotmcil ; -^orp,
n. pi. great villages ; -J)ungr, a. very
heavy ; -J)urft, f. great need ; -sBtt,
f. great family, noble extraction ;
-aBttatSr, a. high-born.
strandar-, gen. from ' strond ' ;
-glopr, m. * strand-fool\ of one arriv-
ing after the ship has sailed ; -hogg,
n. = strandhogg.
strand-hogg, n. *■ strand-raid\ de-
predation committed on the coast (vik-
ingar hofdu haft mikit herfang ofan
ok -hogg) ; -mat5r, m. one who lives
on the coast \ -setr, n. being left be-
hind on the strand (sitja -setri eptir) ;
-varpa, f. a net to be laid along the
coast ; -vegr, m. road to the coast.
strang-leikr, m. stre?igth, violence ;
-liga, adv. strongly, severely.
strangr, a. (ij strong-, strong d, a
rapid river \ strong orrosta, a hot
fight \ (2) rigorous, severe, hard
(strangr ok striSr domr).
strauma-skipti, n. pi. change of
tides (-skipti ok mal at sigia).
straum-brot,n. breakiftgthestreafn ;
-fall, n. {i) flow, current', (2) the
falling of the tide (peir kostudu ak-
kerum ok biQu -falls).
straumr (-s, -ar), m. streajn, cur-
rent (ve6r var hvast ok straumar
miklir) ; vi3 strauminum, against the
current (reid J. viS strauminum, en B.
forstreymis) ; reka fyrir strauminum,
to drift with the tide ; brjota straum
fyrir e-u, to break the stream for a
thing, bear the bru?tt, prepare the way.
straum-vatn, n. running water.
stra (dat. pi. stram), n. straw (smjor
drypr af hverju strai) ; liggja stirSr
4 stram, to lie stiff on straWy of a
corpse (cf. * nastrd ').
strd (strd, straSa, straSr), v. to
strew, cover with straw (s. golf,
bekki, herbergi).
strdkr (-s,-ar), m. landlouper, vaga-
bond (dtti hon born me9 strakum).
stra-lauss, a. ' strawless ', of a floor ;
-vitSi, n. brushwood^ = hrdviSi.
streitast (tt),v. refl. to struggle har^d.
Strendir, m. pi. people from places
in Iceland called Strond.
streng-flaug, f. the notch for the
bow-string in an arrow ; -fceri, n.
stringed instruments ; -hljoS, n. pi.
music from stringed instruments.
strenging, f. binding fast (heit-s.).
strengja (-da, -dr), v. to fastejt with
a string, bind tight (hosan strengd at
beini) ; hann strengdi alt i milli skip-
anna ok bryggnanna, he stretched
cables betzueen the ships and the
bridges', s. or s. aptr dyrr, to fasten
the door', s. e-n inni or uti, to shut
otie in or out', s. heit or s. e-s heit, to
tnake a solemn vow.
streng-lag, n. = -flaug ; -leikr, m.
(i) esp.pl, -leikar, stringed instriunent
(leika -leik) ; (2) lay, song.
strengr (-jar or -s ; pi. -ir, gen. -ja),
m. (i) string, cord, rope (strengir til
at festa med hus) ; J)eir ristu 1 strengi
feldi sina, they cut their cloaks into
strips ; (2) anchor-cable ; drekinn flaut
um strengi, rode at anchor', liggja um
strengi, to lie at anchor; (3) bow-
string, = bogastrengr ; (4) string of
aft instrument (glumSu strengir) ; (5)
narrow channel of water, swift cur-
rent (slySrur nokkurar rak ofan eptir
strengnum).
streng-vorSr, m. a watch kept at
the anchor-cable (halda -vor6).
streyma (-di, -t), v. to stream.
streymr, a. running ; streymt sund,
a strait [sound) witlt a ciirrent.
striga-dukr, m. sack-cloth \ -slitri,
-slitti, n. rag of sack- cloth.
strigi, m. sack-cloth, coarse cloth.
strita (at5),v. {\) to drag with diffi-
culty ; (2) refl., stritast, to strive hard
(stritadist hann vi3 at sitja).
stritS, n. (i) distress, grief, affliction
(sotti bseSi at henni s. ok ellij ; hann
bar J)at med allmiklu stridi, he was
very much afflicted by it ; springa af
striSi, to burst with grief ', (2) strife,
war (J)d var^ s. mikit d England!).
STRIDA
[413]
STUNDA
striSa, f. (i) adversity \ (2) hard-
ness^ austerity, severity, opp. to ' bli5a'
(hvart sem hann moetti blic5u e6a
stridu) ; (3) strife.
striSa (-dda, -tt), v. (l) to haj-m,
with dat. (striddi hon sett Bu61a) ; (2)
to fght (s. vi5 e-n, 1 moti e-m) ; s. k
e-n, to fight against, attack.
striS-leikr, m. (i) vehemence, of a
stream; (2) severity, rigour; (3) ob-
stinacy ; -liga, adv. with severity ;
-ligr, a. severe, hard; -lunda^r,
-lyndr, a. obstinate, sullen ; -laeti, n.
backwardness, obstinacy; -maeli, n.pl.
strong lafiguage \ -mseltr, pp. using
hard language.
stricSr, a. (l) strong, rapid (s.
straumr) ; (2) hard, stubborn (t^eir
munu per vera menn striSastir) ; (3)
severe (s. domr) ; unpleasant ; hvart
sem {)at er blitt eSr stritt, whether one
likes it or not ; tala stritt, to speak
severely or harshly.
stri?5s-kostr, m. means of fighting;
-inac5r, m. fighter, warrior.
stricS-viSri, n. contrary wind ;
-yrt5i, n, pi. severe la7iguage.
strip-rendr, a. stf'iped, with stripes.
strjuka (stryk ; strauk, strukum ;
strokinn), v. {i) to stroke, rub, wipe ;
s. hendinni um ennit, s. um ennit, to
stroke one's forehead; s. aldri frjalst
hofud, 7iever to be a free jnan ; (2) to
stroke ge7iily (gekk hann jafnan ok
strauk brossunum) ; (3) to smooth,
brush (en huskona strauk of ripti) ;
(4) to fiog (s. e-n til bl65s) ; (5) to
dash off, run away (hann strykr ut
jafnskjott ok braut i skog t)egar) ; J)au
era oil strokin, they are all gone.
strjupi or striipi, m. the bleeding
trunk or neck, when the head is cut off.
strugr, m. bile, spleen.
strutr, m. pointed hood.
stryk, n. stroke (merkja ena longu
stafi me5 stryki).
strykr, m. gust of wind.
stry, n. hards, hurds.
stry-haBrcSr, a. tow-haired.
strykja (-ta, -tr), v. = strjuka.
strsBltr, a. scattered, dispersed.
straBta (-tta, -ttr), v. to take by sur-
prise (hann vill s. J)d ardegis).
strseti, n. street (ganga uti um s.).
strond (gen. strandar, pi. strendr
and strandir), f. (i) border, edge ; (2)
strand, coast, shore (116 konungs stendr
nu eptir d strondinni).
stubbi, stubbr, m. stub, stump.
stutSill (pi. stut$lar), m. (i) stud,
prop, stay ; (2) an upright on board
ship ; (3) either of the two alliterative
letters in the odd lines of a verse.
stutSning, f. supp07't.
stucSningar-lau3t, adv. without
sicpport (ganga -laust).
stu^ningr, m. = stuSning.
stufa, f. = stofa.
Btulda-macSr, m. stealer, thief.
stuldr (-ar, -ir), m. stealing, theft.
stumra (ac5), v. to walk unsteadily.
stund (pi. -ir),f. {\) a certain length
of ti77ie, a while ; var s. til dags, it
was a while before daybreak ; er a leid
stundina, in the course of time, after
a while; J)at var s. ein, // was but a
short tii7ie ; er stundir li6a (fram), as
time goes on ; dvelja af stu''dir, to
kill the time ; litil er liSandi stund,
brief is the fieeti7ig hour ; (2) adverbial
phrases ; af stundu, ere long, soon ; af
annarri stundu, ' the next while *, ere
long ; a litilli stundu, in a little while ;
fyrir stundu, a while ago ; langri
stundu fyrr, a lo7ig while before ; um
s.,for a while ; litla (skamma) s.,for
a sho7-t while ; allar stundir, always ;
alia s., all the ti77ie ; s. af s., s. fra s.,
little by little, by degrees ; stundum
(dat.), at ti77ies, so77ietimes ; (3) <3: little
distance, a little way, a bit (hann
st63 s. fra dyrunum) ; (4) hour; tvser
stundir dags, two hours; {^) pains,
exertion ; leggja s. a e-t, to take pains
about a thing.
stund, n. dust (gneri hann of andlit
honum moldar stundinu).
stunda (aS), v, to have one's mind
bent ttpon, be intent up07i, care for
(potti Eirikr konungr enga pd, hluti s.
vilja, er landsmonnum vieri til nyt-
semdar) ; also with preps., s. a e-t, to
strive after (Jjessir s. fast d at rasna
okkr) ; s. til e-s, to strive towards,
aii7i at (stundu6u baSir til l)ess, at
H. konungr skyldi gefa t)eim konungs
STUNDAN
[414]
STYRK-LIGR
nafn) ; ef \>\t stundiS Jjangat, tf ye
proceed thither \ to seek or adtivate
one^s friendship (ef hann vildi s. til
Knuts konungs).
stundan, f. (l) taking interest in\
margir menn er hann a6r hefir haft s.
af, who formerly have cultivated his
friendship \ {2.) paiftstaking {\>vi hefir
ekki haft fyrir J)ina s.) ; (3) pursuit,
industry (af h'fi Jjinu ok s. munu mikil
St6r-ti5indi hljotast).
stundar, gen. from * stund ' ; with
an adj. or adv., very, quite (s. heilr^Sr ;
masia s. hatt ; kippa s. hart) ; -bit5, f.
brief delay ; -el, n. brief storm ; -hrit5,
f. small interval ; -vegr, m. short
way, small distance \ -Jjogn, f, brief
silence.
stunda-tapan, f. loss of time.
stund-liga, adv. with zeal, eagerly ;
-ligr. a. tej/iporal, worldly.
stundum, adv. sometimes^ now and
then (see ' stund ').
stunga, f. stab (from a weapon).
eturla (at5), v. to derange, disturb
(hvi sturlar pu hjarta sjdlfs J^ins ?).
sturlan, f. [mental) derangement or
trouble (hugar s.).
stutt-broekr, f. pi. short trousers or
drawers ; -Ibuinn, -kleeddr, pp. clad
in short clothes (hann var -klaeddr) ;
-leikar, m. pi. abruptness ; skilja 1
-leikum, to part cibruptly ; -leitr,
a. short faced ', -liga, adv. shortly,
abruptly (masla -liga til e-s) ; -ligr, a.
brief, abrupt; -maeltr, pp. (i) short-
spoken (-mceltr ok fatalaSr) ; (2) harsh
(hon var -maelt vi5 sveininn) ; -ortSr,
a. short-worded.
stuttr, a. (i) short (stutt skyrta, s.
kyrtill) ; (2) scant (stutt hjalp) ; (3)
short-spoken, snappish (konungr sva-
rar stutt ok styggt).
stiidera (atS), v. to study,
stufr (-S, -ar), m. stump.
stuka, f. (i) sleeve (cf. * bryn-, nas-
frastuka ') ; (2) wing of a building.
stulka, {.girl, lass (ung s.).
stiipa, v. to stick up (rare).
stura, f. gloom, sadness.
sturu-matSr, m. a care-worn man.
stutr, m. a stumpy thing {zi. ' drykk-
jarstutr '} ; a stump, end.
styfja (styt5, atudda, studdr), ▼.
(1) to rest [QXi^ thing on another), esp.
so as to support oneself thereby ; s.
hendi, foeti, to rest one's hand or foot
on something (annarri hendi styfir
hann i. herSar Jokli) ; (2) to stick,
pierce (t)eir Gullveig geirum studdu) ;
(3) s. e-n, to hold one up, support one\
skri6na6i hann 63rum foeti ok studdi
sik me6 hendinni, he supported him"
self with his hand; (4) fig. to support,
aid (hann studdi rdSvanda menn 1
heilraedum) ; (5) refl., stySjast, to lean
upon iK. studdist d 0xi sma) ; s. vi6
konungs bor3, to lea?i the hands upon
the k. fig's table.
stygS, f. dislike, aversion ; hafa s.
vi5 e-n, to show dislike to ; masla af
s., to speak disagreeably.
styggja or styggya (-tJa, -^r), v. to
offend (ek vil Jjik eigi s.); refl., stygg-
jast e-t, to shun, abhor (s. manndrap) ;
s. vid e-t, to be offended with (baS
hann eigi s. vid J)etta) ; s. vid e-u, to
get angry at.
stygg-leikr, m. aversion ; -liga, adv.
harshly, angrily (svara, msela -liga) ;
-lyndr, a. hasty -tempered, peevish.
styggr, a. {\) shy (s. sau6r, hestr) ;
(2) showing anger or displeasure
(f^orSr var {)d inn styggasti vid bisk-
up) ; maela styggt, = m. styggliga.
stykki, x\. piece, chop (brytja i s.).
styn-fullr, a. sighing, groaning.
stynja (styn, stunda, stunit), v. to
sigh, groan (s. me6 sdru brjosti).
stynr (-s, -ir), m. moaning, groaning
(sjukra manna s.).
styrja, f. sturgeon (fish).
styrjaldar-maSr, m. warlike man.
styij-old (gen. -aldar), f. fray, tu-
mult, war ; hefir I)u pat skap, er engi
-old fylgir, thou art fto man of war.
styrking, f. strengthening, support
(hann var s. veikra).
styrkja (-ta, -tr), v. (i) to make
strong; (2) to assist (ek aetla at s.
Gunnar at nokkuru) ; (3) refl., styrk-
jast, to be strengthened, get strength.
styrkjandi, styrkjari, m. strength-
ener; supporter.
styrk-leikr, m. strength; -ligr, a.
strong-looking, = sterkligr.
STYRKNA
[415]
STOKKR
styrkna (atS), v. to grow strong.
styrkr, m. ( i ) strength, bodily strength
(hann drakk eigi meira en hann mitti
halda styrk sinum) ; {2) force, of war
(iDOttist I. konungr 0ngan styrk til hafa
at berjast vi3 Ivar) ; (3) strength, re-
sources (konungr sat longum i t^rand-
heimi, Jjar var mestr s. landsins) : (4)
help, assistance (man hann fd nokkurn
styrk til ferSarinnar).
styrkr (ace. -an and -jan), a. strong
— sterkr (hann hafSi styrkja treyju).
styrkt, f. (i) strength ; (2) help, as-
sistance (til styrktar okfylgdar).
styrkt ar-niat5r, m. helper.
styrma (-di, -t), v. (l) to blow hard,
to blow a gale (gekk um ve(5rit ok
styrmdi at peim) ; (2) s. yfir e-m, to
crowd, throng about a person slain or
wounded (styrmdu heimamenn yfir
honum).
styrr (gen. styrjar), m. stir^ tumult,
brawl (s. vard i ranni).
stytta ("tta, -ttr), v. (l) to make
short, shorten ; (2) to gird up a frock
(hann stytti upp um sik kuflinn) ; s.
sik upp, to tuck up one's clothes ; (3)
refl., styttast, to get angry (J)d tok
Helgi at s. ok maelti).
styttingr, m. unfriendliness ; skilja
meS styttingi, to part coldly.
styfa (-tSa, -tSr), v. to cut off, chop
off \s,. hofuS af e-m).
styra (-t$a, -t), v. (i) to steer, with
dat. (s. skipi) ; s. til va6a, to steer
into straits ; s. undan, to escape ; e-m
ver3r naer styrt, one has a narrow es-
cape', (2 Mo govern, manage (s. riki, log-
um) ; ^at mun J)6 mestu um s., hversu
^ordisi er um gefit, // will all depend
on how Th. likes it', (3) to rule, pos-
sess (J)6 at v€x styrim peningum) ; pat
mun mestri giptu s., it must bring
the best luck.
st:n^andi, m. guider^ ruler (s. him-
ins ok jarSar).
styri, n. hehn, rudder (sitja vi5 s.) ;
lata vel (ilia) at s., to answer well {ill)
to the rudder.
styri-hamla, f. the loop by which
the tiller is worked (sitja vi6 -homlu) ;
-latr, a. manageable ; -matSr, m.
* steersman ', skipper, captain.
styrimanna-stefna, f. a meeting of
all the skippers of a fleet.
styrir, m. captain, = styrimaSr.
styria-hnakki, m. the back of the
-knappr ; -knappr, m. the top-piece
of a rudder ; -stong, f. rudder-post.
stasia (-ta, -tr), v. (i) to steel, ptit
steel into ; sverd staslt af eitri, a sword
tempered with poison ; {2) to inter-
calate (a poem) with parenthetic sen-
tences (stal).
stoekka (at5), v. (i) to make bigger^
stoera I ; (2) refl., stoekkast, to become
larger or bigger.
stoera (-tSi, -t), v. (i) impers.,of the
wind or sea, it swells, waxes rough
(stoerfii vedrin ; sjo tok at s.) ; (2)
refl., stoerast, to pride oneself, boast.
stoertS, f . pride ; taka s., to become
proud. Cf. * storleikr ' (2).
st6t5 (gen. stdtSvar, pi. std^var),
f. (l) landing-place, berth, harbour',
(2) place, position, context, = s tafia ;
(3) dwelling-place, abode ; f)u latt und
stoSum hreina, thou didst lie in the
reindeers' lairs.
sto^r, f. pi. = stefir; see *sto3'.
st6t5u-, gen. from ' staQa' ; -brunnr,
m. a well of still water.
stoSug-leikr, m. steadfastness, firm-
ness ; -ligr, a. steadfast, firm.
sto^ugr, a. steady^ stable (var5
honum eigi stoSugt hjartat, J)d er {>6rr
kom) ; g0ra e-t stoSugt, to resolve.
stotSul-gerSi, n. a fence around a
*sto('3uir.
stocSuU (dat. sto^li), m. milking-
pen for cows (konur voru d stodli).
stotSuls-hliS, n. an opening in the
stoSul-gerfii.
sto^u-merki, n. standard', -vatn,
n. pond, lake.
stotSva (a$), V. (i) to stop (hann
stoQvafii her sinn) ; s. sik, to halt ;
hann st65var sik ekki, he does not
check his course ; s. bl65, to stop
bleeding; (2) to soothe, calm down ;
s. sik, to contain oneself (Grettir gat
l^a eigi sto(5vat sik) ; (3) refl., stoSvast,
to stop oneself, calm down (stoSvaSist
Dana-herr) ; to be fixed (stodvast J)d
su rac^agerfi).
stokkr, m. stir, disturbance ; koma
st5kkr
[416]
SUMAR-AUKI
stokk I liS peirra, /o put them to
flight ; 1 stokki, suddenly.
stokkr, a. (i) brittle (koparr harSr
ok s.) ; (2) slippery (solinn var s.)-
stdkkull, m. sprinkler (dreifa bl65i
me6 stokkli).
st0kkva (8t0kk ; stokk, stukkum ;
stokkinn), V. {\) to leap, springs s.
hdtt, to make a high leap ; J)eir stukku
upp, they sprang to their feet ; s. af
baki, to leap off the horse \ (2) of
things, to sprifig\ fotrinn stokk or
liSi, the foot sprang out of joint \
hringrinn stokk i tv4 hluti, sprang in
two ; sundr stokk siila, the pillar flew
asunder ; (3) to take to flight, flee
away (s. d flotta, or landi, undan) ;
(4) impers., Flosa stukku aldri herm-
dar-yr6i, angry words never escaped
frofn FlosPs mouth.
st0kkva (-ta, -t), v. (i) to cause to
spring, make to start, drive away (s.
ualdar-flokki J)essum) ; s. e-m or landi,
to drive ofie out of the land', (2) to
sprinkle (st0kti hann vig3u vatni um
allt skipit) ; (3) to besprinkle (hann
st0kkvir bl66i himin ok jor6).
st0kkvi-vig, n. pi. isolated cases of
manslaughter.
stdng (gen. stangar ; pi. stangir
and stengr), f. (i) staff, pole (taka
mikla s. ok binda vi3 hvita blasju) ;
(2) a standard-pole, = merkis-stong
(jarl tok merkit af stonginni) ; Mta
menn ganga undir s., to make them
go under the staff (in order to be
counted) ; bera fe til stangar or stanga,
to carry the goods to the banner (in
order to be rightfully distributed).
stopla (at5), V. impers., storum stop-
lar nu yfir, the sea dashes over the
boat ; refl., stoplast, to be spilt (stop-
luSust yfir kerit nokkurir dropar) ;
stoplaSist ut af kerinu, a little was
spilt out of the beaker.
stopull (dat. stopli), m. (i) steeple,
tower (hljopu J)eir upp 1 stopulinn) ;
(2) pillar, = stolpi (s. for fyrir J)eim).
stopul-smitS, f. building a tower.
ButSr, n. the south (vedr var d su6ri) ;
fri snbn, from the south.
suSr, adv. (i) south, southwards-,
rida s., to ride south ; s. horfSu dyrr,
the doors faced the south ; ganga
(fara) s., to go south on a pilgrimage
(to Rome or Palestine) ; s. af kirkju,
to the south of the church ; hja haugi
Gunnars s. frd, by Gunnar's grave-
mound, on the south side of it ; (2) in
the south (hann dvaldist s. i landi).
suSr-bur, n. soiith bower, south
room ; -dyrr, f. pi. south doors.
SuSr-eyjar, f. pi. the Hebrides.
sutSr-eyskr, a. fro7n the Hebrides ;
-ferS, -for, f. (i) a journey to the
south ; (2) pilgrimage (to Rome) ;
-ganga, f. = -for ; -haf, n. the South-
sea ; -hallr, a. inclining to the sotith
(sverja eida at sol inni -hollu) ; -halfa,
f. the southern region; -land, n. (i)
the south shore of a fjord', (2) pi.,
-lond, the southlands, Saxofiy, Ger-
7nany ; -matSr, m. southertier, esp.
a Saxon, German ; -reiS, f. a journey
to the south ; -riki, n. the southern
empire, esp. Central and Southern
Europe ; -strond, f. the south shore;
-stuka, f. the south wing of a build-
ing ; -vegar, m. pi. the southern lands \
vera i. -vegum, on a pilgrimage-,
-veggr, m. the southerti wall ; -{)j6c5,
f. southern people ; -8Btt, f. the south.
sutS-roenn, a. southern (drosir
-roenar dyrt h'n spunnu) ; vard -roent,
a south wind was blowi?ig.
sufl, n. whatever is eaten with
bread ; * kitchen '.
sukk, n. (i) noise, disturbance,
ticmult (kenslupiltar gerSu s. 1 kirk-
junni) ; (2) reckless living; hafa allt
1 sukki, to be extravagant or wasteful.
sukka (atS), v. (i) to 7nake a dis'
turbance ; (2) to squander, waste,
with dat. (hann hafSi sukkat gozi hins
heilaga 6lafs).
sullr (pi. -ir), m. boil (s. i. foeti).
sultar-kvi, f. '■ fami7ie'fold\
sultr (gen. -ar), m. (i) hunger
(deyja af sulti) ; {2) funine (J)d. var s.
mikill 1 Noregi).
sumar (dat. sumri, pi. sumur), n.
summer', um sumarit, in the course of
the sum7)ier, during the su77imer ; at
sumri, 7text su)n7}ier ; mitt s., 77iid-'
su77i77ier ; is., this su77i7ner.
sumar-auki, m. ^ summer-eke^ an
SUMAR-i.VOXTR
[417]
SUND R-SKIPTILIQR
intercalary week, inserted every
seventh year at the end of summer ;
-dvoxtr, m. the sumjuer produce ;
-bjorg, f. sujniner work (for one's
support during the winter) ; -bu, n.
summer-stock ; -dagr, m. summer's
day; -dagrinn fyrsti, the first day of
sufnmer ; -fang, n. summer produce,
summer catch ; -fullr, a. full as in
summer (fara -fuUum dagleiSum) ;
-gam all, a. a summer old ; -hagi, m.
summer pasture ; -hiti, m. summer
heat', -hold, n. pi. summer fiesh on
cattle ; -holl, f. summer palace ;
-kaup, n. Slimmer wages ; -langt,
adv. during the swmner; -ligr, a.
summer-like ; -magn, n. midsummer-
tide', at -magni, in the height of
smnmer ; -m.dl, n. pi. the first days of
su?nmer (um varit at -mdlum).
sumarmala-dagr, m., -dagr hinn
fyrsti, the first day of smmner; -helgr,
f. the Sunday that falls in the begin-
ning of the summer.
sumar-ndtt, f. sunwier night,
sumarr, m. = sumar.
sumar-skeitS, n. summer-season ;
-tits, f., -timi, m. summer-time ;
-verk, n. summer work', -vitSr, m.
wood for use in suminer.
sumbl, n. banquet; g0ra s., to make
a feast ; -samr, a. given to, desirotis
of, banqueting.
sumr, a. some', \i. fell din sum f
landsufir, a branch of the stream ran
away to the south-east ; d suniu land-
inu, in some part of the land', J)6
gekk sumt eptir, still some things
came to pass ; sums kostar, partly ;
sums staSar, in some places ; sumir,
some people ; sumir . . . sumir, sumir
. . . a6rir, some . . . others.
sumr a (atS), v. to become summer.
Bumrungr (-s, -ar), m. (i) a« animal
a su7nmer old', (2) sumjner workman.
sunar-, = sonar-, genitive sing, of
'sonr' ; -ligr, 2,. filial.
sund, n. swimming (kasta ser i. s.) ;
d sundi, swimming; me5 sundi, by
means of swimming (hann komst med
sundi til lands).
stind, n. (i) sound, strait, channel
(var par s. 1 milli eyjanna) ; (2) a
ICEL. DICT.
narrow passage between houses^ lane
(|Dar voru fimm menn f sundinu) ; (3)
a small space, interval (for G. aldri
harSara eptir en s. var 1 milli peira).
sunda-leitS, f. a course leading
through straits.
sund-farar, f. pi., -fert5, f. swim-
ming; -fimi, f. adroitness in swim-
ming; -fjoSr, i.fin ; -fcsrr, a. able to
swim (^\x ert vel -foerr, Islendingr);
-fot, n. pi. swimtning clothes (vera i
-fotum) ; -hreifi, m. swimming-paw,
fiipper (of a seal) ; -i{)r6tt, f. the art
of swimmifig; -klsetSi, n. pi. = -fot.
sundla (ao), v. impers., mik sund-
lar, / am giddy, my head turns.
sund-laug, f. swi^nming - bath ;
-leikar, m. pi. swimming sports ;
-laBti, n. pi. swimming movements',
-mocSr, a. tired with swijnming.
sundr, adv. asunder, = i s. (skipta,
deila, hluta s.) ; segja e-u s., to declare
at an end (segja friSi i s.).
sundr a (at5), v. (i) to cut in pieces^
cut up, a killed beast (s. hjortinn) ;
(2) to break up (mun hon gefa til
nokkut ra6 at sundra dst J)eira).
Bundr-borinn, pp. of different
origin ; -brotna (at5), v. to break
asunder; -dreifa (-tSa, -tSr), v. to
scatter, disperse; -grein, f. (i) dis-
tinction; {2) discord; -greiniligr, a.
different, various.
Bundrg0rtSa-mat$r, m. one who dis'
tinguishes himself fro7n others, esp.
in dress (skartsamr ok -maSr mikill).
sundr-g0rt5ir, f. pi. new or striking
fashions in dress.
Bundringum, adv. scatteredly.
Bundr-lauss, a. (i) not continuous^
scattered (litil bygd ok -laus) ; fara
-laust, to go in loose order ; (2) not
bound together^ opp. to ' samfastr ' ;
-laus or6, prose; -leitr, a. hetero-
geneous, at variance (eru mjok -leitir
siSir vdrir) ; -ligr, -likr, a. different ;
-litr, a. = -leitr ; -lyndi, n. discord;
-lyndr, a. disagreeing; -moet^r, a.
born of a different mother ; -ort$a, a.
indecl., verfia -or5a, to come to words ;
-skila, -skilja, a. indecl., verSa -skila,
-skilja, to be separated; -skipti, n.
sundering, separation ; -Bkiptiligr,
£e
SUNDR-SKIPTIlSra
[418]
SVARA
a. divisible ; -skipting, f. = -skipti ;
-skorning, f. a cutting asimder ;
-slita, a. indecl. scattered^ torn
asunder (fara -slita).
sundrung, f, sundering, scattering
sundr-J)ykki,n., -t)ykl^ja, f. discord \
-J)ykkjast, V. refl. to fallout^ quarrel \
-J)ykkr, a. disagreeing^ dissenting ;
-J)ykt, f. discord.
sund-v6rt5r, m. * sound-warder '.
sunna, f. sim, = sol.
sunnan, adv. (i) from the south
(koma, fara, ri3a s.) ; (2) on the south
side, = at s. (J)a sdst mannareid upp
me6 Hvitd at s.) ; fyrir s. land, in the
south of the land ; fyrir s. nesit, south
of the ness ; with gen., s. Rinar, south
of the Rhine.
sunnan-fert5, f. journey from the
south ; -herr, m. southern army ;
-lands, adv. in the south pari of the
country ; -matSr, m. southerner ;
-ve5r, southerly wind; -vertSr, a.
southern {i. -verdum himins enda er
sd salr) ; -vert England, the southern
part of E. ; -vindr, m. = -ve8r.
sunnar, adv. com par. more to the
south ; -la, -liga, adv. towards the
south (l)eir t6ku Noreg -liga).
Bunnarst, adv. inost to the south.
Sunn-lendingr, m. a man from the
south of Iceland.
sunn-lenzkr, a. southern, from the
south ; -inat5r, m. Southerner y Ger-
man (-manna gramr).
sunnu-dagr, m. Sunday,
sunr, m. son, = sonr.
8ut5, f. overlapping edge of a board
(m clinker-built boats or ships).
sutS-l)aktr, pp. covered with over-
lapping boards, of a house.
suga (syg ; saug or so, sugum ;
soginn), v. to suck (sveinninn saug
hana dau6a).
sul, f. pillar, column.
sula, f. (i) = sul (su holl stendr d
sulum) ; (2) gannet, solan-goose.
supa (syp ; savip, supum ; sop inn),
V. to sip, drink (s. skyr) ; s. a, /«? take
a sip ; to sip (hann saup d J)rja sopa).
sura, f. sorrel.
Btir-eygr, a. blear-eyed (uskygn ok
-eygr) ; -leikr, ra. sourness.
surna (a5), v. to become sour ; sumar
1 augum,///<? eyes smart (from smoke).
Burr, a. (i) sour (surt vin) ; (2)
bitter, unpleasdnt (s. ertu dauQi).
sur-skapr, m. unfjHendliness.
siis-breki, m.g?ief, affliction (poet.).
sut (pi. -ir), f. (i) sickness (eptir J)at
faer hann s. mikla ok liggr i rekkju um
hrid) ; (2) grief sorrow, affliction
(snyst J)essi hdtio i s. ok grdt) ; ala s.,
to pine, feel care.
sutari, m. tanner.
sut-fenginn, a. mournful, sorrow-
ful; -fullr, a. = -fenginn (-fult hjarta);
-ligr, a. paififul.
svatS, n., svac5i, m. slippery place,
slipperijiess (s. var a vellinum) ; fig.,
var vi3 sva5 um at mart manna mundi
drukkna, it was imminent that many
people would be drozvned.
svaSil-fertS, -for, f. unlucky journey,
disaster (fara -fer6 fyrir e-m ; veita
e-m -farar).
svat5ill, m. = sva6il-ferS (fara svaSil
fyrir e-m).
sva(Sils-fert5, f. = svaSilferd.
s vagi a (atS), v. to gurgle.
svala, f, swallow.
svala (aS), v. to chill, cool; svalar
e-m, 07te becomes cool.
svalar, f. pi., a kind of balcony along
a wall (ganga ut i s.).
sval-brjostatSr, a. cold-hearted.
svali, m. coolness, coldness.
sval-kaldr, a. cool, chilly.
svalr, a. cool, fresh (vindr gerSist d
mikill ok s.).
svan-bru5r, {.female swan ; -:Q6?$r,
f. a swan's feather.
svangi, m. the groins.
svangr, a. (i) slim, slender, thin
(svipta so3li af svongum jo) ; (2)
hungry (lezt hann vera s. ok J^yrstr).
svang-rifja, a. indecl. bare-ribbed,
Bvan-hvitr, a. white as a swan.
svanni, m. poet. lady.
svanr (pi. -ir), m. swan.
svar, n. reply, answer, only in pi.,
svor ; sitja fyrir svorum, halda upp
svorum, to be answerable, take the
responsibility ; veita svor fyrir e-n, to
defend one, stand tip for one.
Bvara (atS), v. (i) to reply, amwer^
SVABA-BRODIR
[4191
SVlRKA
{\>\i mun ek s, per um J)etta, er satt
er) ; (2) /o answer {/n a suit) ; s. mdli
fyrir e-n, to answer for one in a suit ;
(3) s. fyrir e-n or e-t, to answer {be
answerable, responsible) for (ek skal
J)ar fyrir s.) ; s. skilum fyrir, to retider
account for.
svara-br6(5ir, m. = svaribroSir.
svar-dagi, m. oath, promise upon
oath (binda e-t -dogum).
svarS-fastr, a. covered with sward
(-fast land) ; -loMsSfdi. without green-
sward; -lykkja, f. a loop of walrus-
rope \ -rei(5i, m. tackle of walrus-
hides ; -reip, n. a rope of walrus-
hide (reip J)au er svarSreip heita) ;
-svipa, f. a whip of walrus-hide.
svarf, n. (i) file-dust', (2) a hard
fray, broil, tumult (hann ri5r at i
J)essu svarfi) ; (3) robbery y extortion
(mec3 rdnum ok svorfum).
svarf a (at5), v. to upset ({>orgils
svarfadi taflinu) ; refl., svarfast, to be
turned upside down (taflit svarfadist) ;
s. um, to cause a great tumult, make
havoc {H. svarfadist pax um).
svarfan, f. a wild fray, uproar,
svarf-samr, a. turbulent.
svari-broSir, m. a sworn brother,
confederate ; cf. ' svarabr66ir '.
svarka (atSj, v. see 'svarka*.
svarkr, m. a haughty wo?nan.
svarning, f. conspiracy.
svarri, m. a haughty wo?nan,
svar-stuttr, a. giving short replies.
svartatSr, pp. ayed black.
Bvarta-svipr, m. deep gloom, grief
svart-alfar, m. pi. black elves ;
-bakr, m. black-backed gull ; -bles-
ottr, a. black-headed with a white
stripe, of a horse ; -brunn, a. dark-
brown ; -eygSr, -eygr, a. black-eyed ;
-flekkottr, a. black-flecked; -fygli, n.
black- gulls ; -jarpr, a. dark-brown ;
-klsBddr, pp. clad in black ; -kollr,
m. black-pate, a nickname ; -leggja,
f. an axe with a black handle ; -leitr,
a. swarthy.
svartmunka-klaustr, n., -lifnatJr,
m., -lifi, n. Dojninican convent.
svart-munkr, m. black friar,
Dominican,
svartr, a. (i) black (s. sem hrafn;
s. hestr) ; (2) fig. baneful, disastrous
(pat svarta halkerit mun koma).
svart-skeggjatSr, a. black-bearded.
svd, adv. (i) so, thtis; ertu islenzkr
maQr ? — hann sagc5i, at s. var, he said
it was so ; svd er sagt, at, it is told
that ; (2} joined with another particle,
sva . . . ok, both . . . and ; s. starf ok
torveldi, both toil and trouble ; s. rans-
madrinn ok okrkarlinn, the robber as
well as the usurer ; ok svd, a7id also,
as also ; sumarit ok s. um vetrinn, the
stimmer^ as also the winter ; fogr
augu ok s. sw2ixX\g, fair eyes and also
sharp ; (3) so, denoting degree (cerit
mun hann storvirkr, en eigi veit ek,
hvdrt hann er s. gofivirkr) ; Gunnarr
spyrr, hvi Njdli poetti J)etta s. uraSligt,
why he thought this so unwise ; ekki
meirr en s., not more than so, so and
710 7}iore ; (4) followed by an adjective
and ' at ', s. rikr, g68r, mikill, margir,
fdir . . . at, so 7mghty, good, great,
many, few , . . that ; s. at, so that ;
kaldr (sjukr) svd, at, so cold {sick)
that; contracted ' svAt ', svdt ek muna,
that {so far as) I remember ; with a
gen., Hallfrefir er sva manna, at ek
skil sizt, H. is such a 7}ia7t as I never
can make out ; hon er s. kvenna
(=h6n er s. af konum), at mer er
mest um at eiga, she is just such a
wo7nan as I most wa7it; (5) svd . . .
sem, as ... as; hdrit var s. fagrt sem
silki, as fair {soft) as silk ; s. vel sem
p€x ferr, well as thou be haves t ; (6) so,
then (gengu J)eir nordr yfir hdlsinn ok
s. fram d Rastarkdlf j ; (7) joined to an
adj. or adv., about, pretty 7}iuch ; slikar
s. fortolur, so7newhat such persuasion ;
J)at mun p6 s. naer fara,^^/ // will be
just on the ve7ge of that ; nakkvat s.,
so77iewhat so ; legnir nakkvat (nokkut)
s., rather glad ; mjok s., ahnost, very
nearly, all but (mjok s. kominn at
bana).
sva-gi, adv. not so, nor yet (vildi
eigi, at peir l^ti eignir sinar, svagi
konur e6a born) ; -gort, -gurt, see
' sogorr' ; svana, adv. thus.
svarka (a$), v. to speak heavily ; to
C07}iplai7i, grzwible.
svArr
[420]
SVEIPA
Bvdrr, a. heavy, grave (poet.).
svas-ligr, a, lovely, delightful (l)at
er kallat -ligt, erblitt er).
svass, a. sweet, dear, beloved (poet.) ;
cf. 'usvass ' (used in prose).
svdt, contracted for ' sva at '.
svet5ja (sve5r, svaddi, — ), v. to
slide, glance off, of a sword (sverSit
sve3r af stalhor6um hjalmi).
sveQa (avef, svaf 5a, svaf 5r), v. to
lull to sleep, assuage, soothe (s. e-n, s.
reiSi e-s) ; doglingr bad J)ik, at {ju
sdrdropa s. skyldir, to stay the bleed-
ing wounds ; refl., svefjast, to be ap-
peased or soothed.
svefn.m. (i) sleep (gangatilsvefns);
s. rennr (sigr) d e-n, one dozes off.
falls asleep ; vera i svefni, vi3 s., to
be asleep ; (2) drea?n (illt er s. slfkan at
segja nau6manni) ; J)er er svefns, thou
dreamest.
svefna-synir, f. pi. dream-visions.
svefn-biir, n. sleeping-bower, bed-
room ; -farir, f. pi. di-eams ; -gaman,
n. * dream- joy ', poet, the night ; -her-
bergi, -hus, n. sleeping-room ; -hvild,
f. rest to sleep ; -hofgi, m. heaviness
from sleep, drowsiness-, -hofugr, a.
heavy with sleep, drowsy ; e-m er
(gerir) -hofugt, one is [gets) drowsy ;
-holl, f. sleeping-hall.
svefni, n. (i) sleepiness ; (2) cohabi-
tation (brjota konu til svefnis).
svefii-inni, n. sleeping-rootn ; -klefi,
m. = -inni ; -lauaa, a. sleepless ;
-leysi, n. sleeplessness ; -lopt, n.
sleeping-loft ; -mdl, n. sleeping-time ;
-6rar, m. pi. dreain-phantasms ;
-sarat, a. n., e-m verSr ekki -samt,
one is sleepless ; -sel, n. sleeping-shed
(on a mountain pasture) ; -skali, m.
sleeping-hall; -skemma, -stofa, f.
= -bur ; -stund, f. sleeping-hour ;
-styggr, a. sleeping lightly ; -titS, f.
^ -stund ; -timi, m. = -mdl.
svefnugr (f. pi. svefngar), a. sleepy
(hann var s. ok fastadi litit).
svefn-vana, a. indecl. wanting
sleep ; -J)orn, m. ' sleep-thorn ' ; stinga
e-n -Jjorni or e-m -J)orn, to stick one
with the sleep-thorn (of a charmed
sleep) ; -t)ungi, m. drowsiness, =
-hofgi ; -oerr, a. confused with sleep.
svei, interj. fe / s. ^6r,fie upon thee /
sveif (pi, -ar), f. tiller.
sveifla (ac5), v. to swing, sweep (s.
sverfii, exi til e-s).
sveifla, f. swing, swinging. u
sveigingar-ortS, n. pi. reprifnand. ■
sveigja (-5a, -cSr), v. (i) to bow,
bend ; s. boga, to bend {draw) the
bow ; s. horpu, to strike the harp ;
muntu s. (opp. to ' bretta') l)inn hala,
thou shall let thy tail droop ; aetla ek,
at login muni sveig6 hafa verit, that
the law was wrested ; s. til vi6 e-n,
til samt)ykkis vi5 e-n, to give way,
yield somewhat; (2) refl., sveigjast,
to be swayed, sway (]3a tok at s. hugr
jarls) ; lata s. eptir e-s vilja, to acco7n-
modate 07ieself to another's wishes.
sveigr (gen. -ar),m. a kind of head'
dress, snood (s. var a hofSi).
sveim, n. bustle, tumult, = sveimr
(i eyjunum var sveim mikit).
sveima (at5), v. to wander about,
roam (fteir sveimuSu um boeinn ok
drdpu mart af Birkibeinum).
sveimr, m. tumult, stir, — sveim,
sveina-, gen. pi. from ' sveinn ' ;
-drap, n. the massacre of the inno-
cents ; -leikr, m. ga7ne of boys.
svein-barn, n. 7nale child ; -domr,
m. boyhood, youth.
sveinn (-3, -ar), m. (i) boy (sveinar
tveir leku i. golfinu) ; (2) in address-
ing grown-up men, boys, lads (hart
ridi t>er, sveinar!); (3) serva7it, at-
tendant (peir vissu, at hann var s.
Gunnhildar) ; sqicire,page.
svein-piltr, -stauli, m. boy, youth.
sveipa (a^), v. (i) to sweep, stroke
(hann sveipaSi hjirinu fram yfir hofuS
ser) ; {>. sveipar 0xinni til bans, Th.
sweeps at hi77t with the axe ; hann
sveipaSi til sverQinu, he swept round
hi7n with the sword; (2) to swathe,
wrap (let hann s. skipit allt fyrir ofan
sja me6 gram tjoldum) ; likit var
sveipat lindukum, the corpse was
wrapped in linen ; hann sveipar sik i
skikkju sinni, he wrapped hi7nself in
his mantle.
sveipa (-ta, -tr), v. (i) to sweep ;
hann sveipti af s^r flugunni, he swept
{drove) the fly away ; h^rit er sveipt
SVEIPA
[421]
SVERDS-EGQ
i enninu, Ms hair curls on the fore-
head-^ {i) to swaddle, wrap, — sveipa
(a6), (foeddi hon barn ok var pat
sveipt klaeSum).
sveipa (sveipr, sveip, sveipinn),
V. (i) to cast] sveip sinum hug-, he
turned his mind', (2) to wrap , swaddle ',
kona sveip karl ripti, she swaddled
him ifi linen ; eldi sveipinn, encircled
by fire', cf. sveipa (a6).
sveipa, f. kerchief, hood,
sveip an, f. a wild fray, tiumdt.
sveipr, m. (i) fold, folding', s. i
hari, a curl in the hair, curly hair ;
(2) a kind of head-dress, = sveigr ;
(3) a sudde7i stir, disturbance (opt
verSr s. 1 svefni).
sveip-visi, f. treachery (syn var
-visi) ; -viss, 2i. false, treacherous,
sveit (pi. -ir), v. (i) body of men,
small detachment (li3i var skipt 1
sveitir, tolf monnum saman); {2) com-
pany, train (ek var me6 hdnum ok 1
bans s.) ; \>t\r heldu s. um jolin, they
held revels at Yule ; (3) commimity,
district, county (gekk J)at hallaeri um
allar sveitir).
sveita-, gen. from * sveiti ' ; -bora,
f. stveat-pore ; -dukr, m. * sweat-
cloth ', napkin.
sveitar-bot, f. an acquisition to a
party ({)ykkir oss -bot at brodur pin-
um) ; -drdttr, xn. faction ; -drykk-
ja, f. drinking party (drekka -drykk-
ju) ; -gengi, n. help from a party ;
-hofSingi, m. a captai?i of a sveit (i) ;
-maSr, m. a man of a party or of a
community; -raskr, a. expelled from
a dist7'ict (gera e-n -raekan) ; -skipan,
f. admi7iistratio7i of a district', -vist,
f. abode in a district.
sveitast (tt), v. refl. to sweat (s.
bl66i, viSsmjorvi).
sveit-bui, m. a man of the same
district, comrade.
sveiti, m. (i) sweat', spratt honum
s. i enni, the sweat burst out upon his
brow ; fa sveita, to get into a perspira-
tion ; (2) blood; {)ar sitr Sigur6r sveita
stokkinn, stained with blood.
sveittr, sveitugr, a. in a perspira-
tion (|>. var J)a sveittr mjok).
sveitungr (-s, -ar), m. (l) « man of
the same co7>!pany, co77irade (vil ek
fylgja sveitungum minum) ; (2) fol-
lower', Magnus ok bans sveitungar,
M. and his 7nen ; (3) one belonging to
the sa77ie district (at \i\i komir mer i
sastt vi6 sveitunga mina).
svelga (svelg ; svalg, sulgum ;
solginn), v. (i) to swallow (mun hon
solgit hafa yrmling nokkurn) ; jdrdin
svalg hesiinn me6 oUum reiSingi, the
earth swallowed up the horse and all
his harness-, (2) absol. to take a deep
draught (hann tekr at drekka ok
sveigr allstorum).
svelgja (only in infin. and pres.
svelgir), v. = svelga.
sveigr, m. (i) swirl, whirlpool (var
par eptir s. i hafinu) ; (2) swallower,
spendthrift.
svell, n. sheet of ice.
svella (svell ; svall, sullum ;
sollinn), v. to swell (sdr pat tok at s.
ok prutna) ; of wrath, anger (nu svall
Sturlungum mjok m63r).
svellottr, a. covered with sheets of
ice (nu er snjalaust ok svellott).
sveita (sveit ; Bvalt, sultum ; solt-
inn), \.{\) to die (nema pii Sigurd s.
Mtir) ; (2) to sta7've, suffer hunger ;
s. i hel (til heljar, til bana), to die of
sta7'vation.
sveita (-Ita, -Itr), v. (i) to put to
death (svinna systrungu s\eltir pii 1
helli) ; (2) to starve; s. e-n i hel, to
starve one to death ; s. sik til fjdr, to
get 77toney by starvi7ig oneself
svelti-kvi, f. a pen in which sheep
are put to starve.
svengd, f. hunger (s. ok porsti).
svengjast, v. refl. to grow thin in
the belly or waist.
svenskr, a. Swedish, = scenskr.
sverS, n. sword; taka vi6 sverSi
konungs, to lay ones hand on the
hilt of the sword in the king^s hand
(in token of homage), to e7iter his ser-
vice (mi skaltu vera pegn hans, er pii
tdkt vi6 sverdi hans).
sverS - berari, m. sword-bearer \
-fetill, m. sword-strap ; -fiskr, m.
sword-fish.
sverSs-brot, n. pi. frag>nents of a
broken sword \ -egg, f. sword's edge \
SVBBDS-FETILL
[422]
SVIPA
-fetill, m. = sverSfetill ; -hjdlt, n. pi.
sword-hilt ; -hogg, n. sword-stroke.
sverS-skdlpr, m. scabbard \ -skor,
m. the chape of a scabbard \ -skreiS,
f. sword-cictlery ; -skriSi, m. sword-
ctitler (sver5skri6a bu6ir).
sverSa-oddr, m. point of a sword.
sverS-taka, f. ' sword-taking\ as a
token of homage, cf. ' sver3' ; -takari,
m. ' sword-taker ', a king's 7nan.
sverfa (sverf ; svarf, surfum ;
sorfinn), v. to file (svarf hann me6
snarpri pel) ; Idta s. til stals, see
* stal ' ; sverf r at, it presses hard.
sverja (sver ; sor, svor or svarSa ;
svarinn \\.{\)to swear ; s. vi6 guSin,
vi3 hofu6 sitt, to swear by the gods,
by one's head\ s. e-m truna3arei3a,
to take the oaths of allegiance to one ;
s. e-m e-t, to swear a thing to one,
promise upon oath ({)eirsvor6u Sveini
land ok l)egna) ; s. l)ess at, s. um, at,
to swear that (viltu s. mer t)ess, at t)u
vildir eigi at mer fara ? konungr sor
um, at pat skyldi hann vel efna) ;
(2) recipr., sverjast 1 f6stbrcE6ralag,
to swear brotherhood by imitual oath.
Bve-viss, 2^. false, — sveipvfss.
svitS, n. pi. singed sheep's heads.
svitSa, f. (i) bur?ii7ig, in *saltsvi6a' ;
(2) singed thing, in ' hofuQsviSa'.
svif^a, f. a kind of weapon, cutlass.
sviSa-, gen. from * svifii ' ; -lauss, a.
free f7'07n burning pain.
svit5-eldr, m. = svi3u-eldr.
svit5i, m. the smart from burning
(hann kennir sdr ok svi3a).
sviSna (aS), v. to be singed (par i.
Herkju hendr svi3nu3u).
svi(5ningr, m. burnt woodland.
Bvi(5u-eldr, m. fire for singeing
sheep's heads ; -folski, m. ashes.
sviSu-skapt, n. handle of a sviSa.
svif, n. (i) swingifig rotmd, veering,
of a ship ; (2) in pi. nick of time ; i
peim svifum, at that mome7it.
svig, n. bend, curve \ fara (ganga)
{ s. viS e-n, to pass (go) in a circuit
so as to meet one (peir f6ru svd i s. vi6
konung, at peir hittu hann at 63ru
hverju) ; vinna (fd) s. d e-m, to make
one give way, get the better of over-
cofne.
svigi, m. switch (hann tok einn
sviga ok setlar at berja piltinn med).
svigna (a5), v. to bend, give way
(gerSu Gotar atgongu sva harSa, at
fylking Huna svignaSi fyrir).
svik, n. pi. {\) fraud, treason; rdSa
s. vi3 e-n, sitja k svikum vi6 e-n, to
plot against one ; (2) poison ; gefa
e-m s., to poison one.
svika-drykkr, m. poisoned drink ;
-fullr, a. treacherous ; -lauss, a.
guileless, free froin treason.
svikall, a. treacherous (jarl var utriir
ok s. vi3 vini ok uvini).
svika-mac5r, svikari, m. traitor.
svik-domr, m. treaso?t ; -fullr, a.
treacherous \ -liga, adv. treacherously,
-ligr, a. treacherous ; -lyndr, 2i. false-
minded', 'TdkWfdi. false-spoken ; -rdt5,
n. pi. treachery; sitja i. -ra5um vi3
e-n, to plot agaiftst one; -rastSi, n.
= -ri.6 ; -samliga, adv. treacherously ;
-samligr, a. t7-eacherous ; -sanir, a.
false ; -semd, f. treachery.
svilar, m. pi. husbands of two sisters.
svima (ac5), v. to swi77t (hann svim-
a6i yfir dna) ; cf. next.
svima or svinima (svim or svimm;
svam, svamm, svamum, summum;
svimit, summit), v. to swim (svdmu
sumir yfir dna) ; fig., s. i fullsaelu, to
swi77i in abu7idance.
svimi, m. swi77i77ii7ig in the head,
giddiness (sld, Ijosta e-n i svima).
sv"im.rQa, v., see * svima '.
svimra (acS), v. impers., e-n svimrar,
07ie gets giddy, is stunned by a blow
(Rognvald svimraQi vi3, pvi at hoggit
var mikit).
svina (aS), v. to subside, go down,
of something swollen,
svinna, f. sagacity, good se7tse.
svinn-hugatSr, a. wise; -ligr, a.
sensible (pat er svinnligra en, etc.).^
svinnr, a. (i) swift; only in, svinn
Rin, the rapid Rhi7ie ; (2) wise, judi-
cious ; si. er s., er sik kann, he is wise
who knows how to 77iode7-ate hi77iself.
svinnr, m. good sense, reason ; snua
i. sviim sinu ra3i, to turn to reason,
mend one's ways.
svipa (at5). v. (i) to move swiftly ^
of a sudden but noiseless motion (fugl
SVIPA
[423]
SVfN-GALINN
einn fl6 inn um glugginn ok svipadi
um husit) ; (2) refl., svipast at e-u or
eptir e-u, to look after (s. at hrossum) ;
s. um, to look ar^««^(svipu6ust menn
um ok fannst hann eigi 1 liQinu).
svipa (at5), v. to whip, horsewhip,
svipa, f. whip (hann hafSi svipu 1
hendi ok keyrSi hana).
svipatSr, pp. looking so and so ; s.
ilia = svipillr.
svipan, f. (i) sivinging, sweeping \
at sverda s., while the swords are
sweepings med sv^ hardri s., so
quickly ; {'i) fight (var3 J)ar hord s.) ;
(3) the nick of time, 7nojnent (i J)eiri
s. fell f^orgils).
svip-illr, a. ill-looking \ -liga, adv.
smartly (forum ver mi helzti -liga) ;
-ligr, a. (l) unstable^ transient (-lig
sasla) ; (2) having a displeased air
(ekki syndist henni konan sviplig) ;
-lyndr, 2^. fickle-minded \ -mikill, a.
imposing (-mikill drengr).
svipr, m. {i) a sweepi?tg movement ;
(2) sitdden loss (fraendum Hrafns J)6tti
mikill s., er hann for 1 brott) ; (3) «
brief glimpse of a person^ ; afieeti7ig,
evanescent appearance (Olafr vaknaSi
ok pottist sja svip konunnar) ; (4)
look, countenance (pik hefi ek set
honum likastan at svip).
svip-stund, f. tnoment, twinkling of
an eye (Jjat var -stund ein ddr stofan
brann sva athon fell ofan).
svipta (-pta, -ptr), v. (i) to throw,
fling (hon svipti honum a herdar s^r) ;
5. borSum, to i-etnove the tables ; s.
e-u ofan, to sweep ofi^, knock down
(J)eir sviptu ofan ollum go6unum af
stollunumj ; bjarndyrit svipti honum
undir sik, the bear got hitn under',
(2) to reef (veSr ox i hond ok ba3
Bjarni J)d s.) ; s. seglunum, to reef the
sails ; s. til eins rifs, to take in all
reefs but one ; (3) to strip, deprive,
s. e-n e-u (hann sviptir hana faldinum);
also, s. e-n af e-u (s. e-n af sinum
hlut) ; (4) refl., sviptast, to tug,
wrestle (tokust J)eir konungr i hendr
ok sviptust fast).
svipta, f. loss (hann kvaS sdr sviptu
at J)eira skilnaSi).
svipti-kista, f. a movable chest.
sviptingar, f. pi. tugging, wrestUngy
tussle (vdru j)£er s. all-har6ar).
sviptir, m. loss (e-m ]Dykkir s. i e-u).
svipu-hogg, n. a lash with a whip ;
-leikr, m. a kind o^ game.
svipull, a. unstable, transient.
svip-vindr, 3. fickle, = -lyndr; -visi,
f. = sveipvisi ; -viss, a. = sveipviss.
Sviar, m. pi. the Swedes.
Svia-riki, -veldi, n. the Swedish
kingdom or empire.
sviSa (svi3 ; sveiS, svicSum ; sviS-
inn), v. (i) t(? singe, burn, roast (s.
dilka-hofuS) ; (2) to smart, of a wound,
burn, etc. (svida soetar astir).
svifa (svif; sveif, svifum; svifinn),
V. (i) to rove, ratnble ; sumir svifu at
nautum, some went roving after cattle',
sveinn sysliga sveif til skogar, the lad
turned briskly to the wood ; s. upp a
grunn, to run ashore, of a ship ; lata
samt>ykki sitt s. til e-s, to sway one's
consent towards, to agree to ; (2) im-
pers. with dat. to swerve, drift (sveif
skipinu ixk landi) ; svifr skipinu fyrir
straumi ok ve5ri, the ship drifts before
wind and stream ; hann helt sva, at
hvergi sveif, so that the boat swerved
not ; e-u svifr e-m i hug, i skap, //
occurs to one's mind (Gestr svarar:
t)essu sveif mer 1 skap) ; segir f>6r6r,
at svifi yfir hann, that he was taken
suddenly ill ; (3) refl., svifast um, to
bustle about, be active', s. e-s, to shritik
from ; s. einskis, to shrink from
nothing ; J)eir munu einskis (engis)
ills s., they will stick at no ill.
svikja (svik ; sveik, svikum ; svi-
kinn), v. to betray, deceive, cheat (vil
ek fik 1 engu s.) ; s. e-n e-u, to defraud
one of {i€\ opt svikinn).
svin, n. swine, pig; hafa svins minni,
to have a short monory.
svina-bol, -boeli, n. pig-sty, -gsezla,
f. swine-herding ', -hirtSir, m. swine-
herd ; -hus, n. swine-house, pig-sty.
svin-beygja (-t5a, -tSr), v. to make
one stoop like a pig ; -drukkinn, pp.
drunk as a swift e ; -fy Iking, f. a
wedge-shaped phalanx ; -fylkja (-ta,
-tr), V. to dratu up in a wedge-shaped
phalanx ; -foetr, m. pi., a term of
abuse, paltry persons ; -galinn, pp.
SVIN-SKINW
[424J
SYSTIR
mad {drunk) like a swine ; -skinn, n.
pig-skin ; -sti, f. pig-sty.
sviri, m. (i) neck, esp. of an ox;
(2) /(a!?-/ of a war-ship.
svi-virS, f. = -virQa; -vir^a (-rSa,
-rSr), V. to dishonour, disgrace, put
to shafne ; -virSa, f. disgrace ; -virtS-
ing-, f. = -virSa.
svivirSingar-laust, adv. without
shame-, -mat5r, m. mean fellow,
-nafn, n. disgraceful ?iame.
svivirS - liga, adv. disgracefully ;
-ligr, a. disgraceful (ferS en -ligsta).
Svi])j6t$, f. Sweden proper.
BvsecSi, n. an opeft, exposed space.
svaefa (-6a, -6r), \.{l) to lull to sleep
(hon song svd fagrt, at hon svaefdi
skipshafnir) ; (2) /^ ^«//« down, still,
lull (s. sae, reiSi).
sv8Bfill, m. head-pillow.
svsela, f. ( I ) thick, choking smoke ;
(2) cheating (flaerS e6r svaela).
sv8Bla (-da, -dr), v. to suffocate
{stifle) with smoke (s. e-n inni sem
melrakka i greni).
svsBnskr, a. = soenskr.
BvaBra, f. mother-in-law.
BvotSu-sdr, n. a wound from a
weapon glaficing off a bone (verSr J)at
-sar ok eigi beinhogg).
svoppr (gen. svappar ; pi. sveppir,
ace. svoppu), m. (1) sponge ; (2) ball
(s. at leika me6) = soppr.
sv6r(5r (gen. svarSar, dat. sverSi),
m. (i) the skin of the head (with the
hair on) ; (2) = svar5-reip.
sySri, a. com par. jnore southern {{
Reykjadal inum sySra) ; it sy3ra, by
the south road.
syfja (aS), v. impers., e-n syfjar,
one gets sleepy, syfjaQr, sleepy.
Sygnir, m. pi. the men fro?n Sogn
(in western Norway),
sykn, a. {\) free from guilt, innocent
(s. af manndrdpi) ; (2) declared inno-
cent^ acquitted; gera e-n syknan, to
acquit one.
sykn, f., sykna, f. the state of being
sykn ; foera (bera) fram syknu Q-s,to de-
clare one^ sin?tocence, =gtr3.G.-nsy'kn3.n.
syknu-leyfi, -lof, n. a licence of the
* aiding ' to grant * sykna '.
sylgja, f. brooch, buckle,
sylgr (gen. -jar and -s), m. a drink
of sotnething, a draught.
syll (pi. syllr), f. sill.
syn (pi. -jar), f. de?tial, protest ; setja
s. fyrir, to deny, repel a charge (hann
setti l)ar s. fyrir, ok baud skirslur).
synd (pi. -ir), f. sin.
synda (-nda or -nta, -nt), v. to swim.
synda-, gen. pi. from ' synd ' ; -bdnd,
n. pi. bonds of sin ; -far, n. sins ;
-fullr, a. sinful ; -lausn, f. fofgive-
ness {refnission) of sins ; -lauss, a.
si7iless ; -lifnaSr, m. sinful life ; -liga,
adv. sinfully ; -ligr, a. sinfttl ; -matSr,
m. sinner.
synd-autSigr, -fullr, a. sinful.
syndgast (a(5), v. refl. to sin.
synd-getinn,pp. sin-begotten \ -ligr,
a. sinful (-ligt verk).
syndr, a. able to swim ; s. vel, a good
swimmer ; hann var s. sem selr, he
could swim like a seal.
synd-samligr, a. siftful, of a deed.
syndugr (ace syndgan), a. siftful.
syn dvar - liga, adv. with careful
avoidance of sin.
synd-varr, a. wary against sin,
syngja (syng ; song, sungum ;
sunginn), v.{\)to ring, clash, whistle,
of metals, weapons (sverSit syngr ;
syngr 1 atgeirinum) ; (2) to sing ; s.
messu, to sing mass ; absol. to officiate
in a mass (J)ar song prestr sd, er
|>rindr het).
synja (aSi), v. (i) to deny (sannafii
annarr, en annarr synjaSi) ; (2) with
gen., to deny a charge (vil ek J)essa
verks s. fyrir mik ok fyrir alia oss
skipverja) ; (3) s. e-m e-s, to refuse,
deny (hann vill s. mer rikis) ; (4) refl.,
synjast, to refuse an offer, of a lady,
synjan, f. denial, refusal.
synnstr, a. superl. souther7imost,
ayn-semi, f. disobliging7iess.
syrgi-liga, adv. sadly; -ligr, a. sad.
syrgja (-(Sa, -6r), v. {i) to sorrow,
mourn (hann ba6 menneigi s.) ; (2) to
bewail (syrgSi hann hana dau6a) ; s.
sik, to bewail ofieself.
syrpuj)ings-16g, n. pi. a kind of
entertainmen t.
Bystir (gen., ace, dat. systur, pi.
SYSTKIN
[425]
SYSLU-IiAUSS
aystr), f (l) sister \ (2) sister of
charity^ nun.
syQt'kin,n.\)\. brotker{s) andsister{s).
systkina-synir, m. pi. the sons of
sysikm, first fnale cousins.
systra-synir, m. pi. sisters' sons.
systrunga, f. one's mother's sister's
daughter, fejnale cousi?i.
systrungr (-s,-ar), m. one's mother's
sister's son, male cousin.
systur-barn, w.sister'schild^nepheiv,
niece ; -dottir, f. sister's daughter ;
-sonr, m. sister's son.
syja, f. line of boards in a ship
(komnar voru niu syjur i. hvdrt bord).
sykjast (t), v. refl. to grow ill.
sykn, a., s. dagr, a day on which
lawsuits and actions are permitted.
syla (-da, -dr), v. to make stiff with
ice (kuflinn var syldr allr) ; impers., to
tur?i into ice (syldi hvern dropa, er
inn kom) ; benjarnar syldi, the wounds
became stiff with cold.
syn (pi. -ir), f. (i) the faculty of
vision^ sight (J)au hafa ekki mdl, enga
s. nd heyrn); l^a er Hdkon konungr
kom i s. vi6 boeinn, when king H.
came within sight of the farm ; hverfa
at s., to be lost to sight, disappear (sol
hvarf at s. ok gerdi myrkt) ; er mer
I)at at s. ordit, er ek hefi opt heyrt fra
sagt, / have see7i with my eyes what
I have often heard of \ (2) vision (bar
fyrir hann 1 svefni mikla s. ok merki-
liga) ; (3) appearance, look (likari eru
J)eir f)ursum at vexti ok at s. en men-
skum monnum) ; fri6r synum, fair of
face; at s., apparently (var J)eim l)ar
vel fagnat at s.).
syna (-da, -dr), v. (i) to show (hon
bad hann s. ser sverSit) ; J)u skalt
enga fdleika d t)er s., thou tnust show
no signs of coldness ; (2) refl., synast,
to appear, seem (syndist vitrum
monnum hann afbragS) ; s. e-m, to
appear to one in a ciream (honum
syndist \)k hinn helgi Olafr konungr) ;
e-m synist e-t, one thinks fit ; veitiS
mer gropt slikan sem y5r synist, give
vie such burial as you please.
syndr, pp. ( i) having eyesis^ht, able to
see (gamall ok s. litt) ; (2) of weather,
clear (i bjortu ve6ri ok vel syndu).
^fra^n, sight', til syms, for the sight's
sake-, var hann sendr konungi til
synis, as a curiosity ; til synis e-s or
um e-t, in proof of , as a sample of{\.\\
synis um mikilleika hestsins).
syni-liga, adv. visibly ; -ligr, a. (l)
visible ; (2) sightly (f>. var mikill maSr
ok sterkr ok hinn -ligsti) ; (3) advisable
(nu l^ykki mdr Jjat -ligast at fara aptr
1 riki mitt).
syning, f. showing, exhibition.
synn, a. (i) clear, evident, certain
(per skal syn buhlifd i {)vi vera) ; J)6tti
oUum at synu ganga, at, all thought
that it was clear, beyond doubt, that ;
dat. sing. ' synu ' with a compar. a
great deal, much (synu meiri, minni,
betri, verri) ; with a superl., E. gekk
upp synu fyrstr, far ahead', neut.
'synt' as adv. evidently, clearly (]Dik
skortir synt vi5 hann) ; [2) ft, likely ;
ef y6r {)ykkir eigi annat synna fyrir
liggja en vera hdr, if you have nothing
better to do.
syr (gen. syr, ace. and dat. su, pi.
syr), f. sow ; also as a nickname.
syra, f. sour whey.
Syr-land, n. Syria ; -lendingr, m.
Syrian ; -lenzka, f. the Syrian tongue ;
-lenzkr, a. Syrian, Syriac.
syru-ker, n. a tub with sour whey,
sysla (ac5 ; older systa, systr), v.
(i) to do, effect (E. konungr hafdi
mart syst 1 landinu, J)at er nytsemd
var 1) ; with dat., J)d er hann hefir S]^st
eyrendum sinum, when he had done
his errand ; s. e-t at, to effect (l)eir
systu J)at eitt at, at t)eir sasttust d \\%
Snorra) ; var svd. til syst, at, it was so
arranged that ; s. um e-t, to busy one-
self with (hon systi um I^orf gesta) ;
(2) to procure, get (voru honum skjott
syslaSir hestar).
sysla, f. (i) business, work', hjon
sdtu J)ar, heldu i. syslu, busy at their
work ; ganga um syslur manna, to go
about as an overseer ; (2) stewardship
(hafa syslu d Hdlogalandi) ; (3) dis-
trict, prefecttire ; also a diocese.
sy3-liga. adv. (i) briskly, speedily ^
quickly (fara, riSa -liga) ; (2) soon.
sfa\\x-fcBvVt2i. ft for work (vel -foerr
at flestu verki) ; -lauss, a. unemployed^
S'^SIiU-IiEYSl
[426]
S^TA
idle ; -leysi, n. idleness ; -maSr, m.
(i) worker {-ma.6r mikill ok starfsmaSr
godr) ; (2) bailiffs the king's steward
(at the same time justice and tax-
gatherer).
syta (-tta, -ttr), v. to lament or
inoicrn for otte (f)eir syttu harm sem
daudan) ; s. vi3 e-u, to grumble at,
grudge (sytir as gl0ggr vic3 gjofum).
syfci-ligr, a. sad (-ligr harmr).
syting, f. wailing, mourning.
aae-borg, f. sea-side town ; -brattr,
a. steep towards the sea ; -bygtS, f.
coast-district ; -byggjar, m. pi. coast-
dwellers ; -daut5r, a. dead at sea,
drowned', cf. 'sjodauSr*.
saeSi, n. (i) seed (foera niSr s.) ; (2)
in pi., crops on the field.
sae-farar, f. pi. sea-faring, voyages ;
-fcerr, a. (i) sea-worthy (skip -foert) ;
{2) fit for sea-fa7'ing (vedr hvast ok
eigi -fcert) ; -fong, n. pi. stores from
the sea ; -garpr, m. sea-champion (var
hann ok inn mesti sasgarpr sjalfr) ;
-hafa, a. indecl. drive7i out of one's
course (verSa -hafa).
saaing, f. bed,-= saeng.
sae-karl, m. sea-carl, raftsman ;
-kona, f. mermaid; -konungr, m.
sea-king (voru margir -konungar, J)eir
er r^3u li6i miklu ok dttu engi lond) ;
-kvikendi, n. sea-beast', -kyrra, f.
sea-calm, smooth sea (peir reru 1 logni
ok saskyrru).
saala, f. bliss, happiness (eilif s.).
ssBla ("da, -dr), v. to bless.
sael-borinn, pp. high-born*
sflBlda, V. to bolt, sift (s. mjol).
saeldar-lif, n. happy life ; -staSr, m.
happy place.
saB-liS, n. help at sea (rendered to
a ship in distress).
saeligr, a. = saslligr (sasligt setr).
saelingr (-s, -ar), m. wealthy man.
ssbII, a. (l) in good circumstances,
well-off, well to do ; scelir ok f^toekir^
wealthy and poor ; (2) happy, for-
tunate (l)rasllinn mgelti Jjat jafnan, at
hann Jscettist s., ef Otkell aetti hann) ;
in greeting, kom heill ok s., frasndi ! ;
(3) poor (ek hefi eigi kyst kerlinguna
Scclu inni) ; (4) of a saint, blessed (hinn
saeli Magnus jarl).
saBl-liga, adv. blissfully, -ligr, a.
happy, blissful ; -lifi, n. life of enjoy-
ment, luxury ; -lifr, a. living a life of
enjoyment, voluptuous.
saelu-dagar, m. pi. ''days of bliss\
the Ember days ; -hus, n. hospice (in
deserts and mountains to receive
travellers) ; -setr, n. = -hiis ; -skip,
n. ferry-boat ; -songr, m. a mass for
Okie's soul', -vika, f. Ember week
(= saeludaga-vika).
S8B-laegja, f. mist on the sea (logn
mikil, J)okur, ok saslsegjur) ; -IsBgr,
a. lyifig on the sea (myrkvi -lasgr).
saeng, older form saaing (gen. ssengr
or SBBngar ; pi. sasrigr), f. (i) bed
(kona liggr 1 sasnginni) ; byggja eina
s., to sleep in the saine bed; (2 J ^/«7^-
i^^^(andast d s.).
sasngar-for, -kona, etc., = sasngr-.
saBngr-for, f. child-bed (kona hans
var J)a ondu6 af -for) ; -klaetSi, n. pi.
bed-clothes ; -kona, f. woman in child-
bed ; -stokkr, m. bed-side.
S8Br (gen. sasvar), m. sea (0xn gengu
upp or saenum), = sjdr, sjor.
-saer (-sae, -saett), a. seen (auS-saer,
ein-s£ett).
ssBra (-'5a, -tSr), v. to wound ; s. e-n
sdri, to inflict a wound upon ; recipr.
saerast, to wound one another.
saering, f. wounding.
saB-sjiikr, a. sea-sick ; -skip, n. sea-
ship ; -skrimsl, n. sea-monster.
sa3fca (-tta, -tt), v. (i) to sit in
ambush for, waylay, with dat. (hann
astlar at s. ydr, ^i. er t>er fari6 sunnan) ;
to watch for an opportunity (})essu
sastir Sturlaugr ok heggr) ; (2) to
undergo, expose otieself to, suffer
(vildu J)eir heldr ryma land en eptir
sitja ok s. afarkostum af konungi) ;
(3) to bri?7g about, cause, with dat.;
s. dhlaupuni vi6 e-n, to attack ofie ; s.
velraeSum vi6 e-n, to scheme against
071 e ; (4) /<? at7ioti7it to, be equivalent to
(E. var l)ar at bui sinu, svi at l)at
sastti vetrum eigi allfam) ; s. ti6indum,
to be important news, be of i7}iportance
(er t)at komit til eyrna mer, er mer
J)ykkir stortidindum s.) ; s. rddi, to be
advisable (litlu xiJS\ l)ykkir mer s. ferfi
l)essi) ; s. sannindum ok r^ttindum, to
S^TA
[427]
SCEKJA
regard truth and right ; hann spurSi,
hvi (=hverju) J)at sastti, he asked
how it came about, what was the
reasofi.
sfiBta, f. a woman whose husband has
gone out of the country.
s8Bti, n. (i) seat\ visa e-m til saetis,
to assign a seat to one ; (2) hay-rick
(brjota ofan s.).
saBtis-stoll, m, a chair of state.
S8Btr, n. pi. mountain pastures (til
sastra ok 1 bygSinni), = setr.
saB-tr6, n. pi., poet. ' sea-trees ', ships.
sastt, a. n. so that one cafi sit', setit
er nu me6an s. er, we have sat as long
as we could.
saett (pi. -ir),f. reconciliation, agree-
ment (s. J)eira konungs ok Erlings),=
sdtt.
saetta (-tta, -ttr), v. to reconcile (s.
e-n vi3 e-n) ; refl., sasttast, to come to
ter?ns ; s. ^ m^lit, to come to an agree-
ment in the 7n alter.
saBtta-brigSi, n. breach ofa?t agree-
ment ; -laust, a. n. without truce.
saBttar-bot5, n. = sattarbo3 ; -br6f,
n. written evidence of agreement ;
-efni, n. basis of an agreement ;
-fundr, peace - meeting; -g0r5, f.
= sdttarg0r6 ; -orS, n. pi. words of
peace, mediation ', -rof, n. breach of
an agreeme7it ; -stefna, f. = -fundr.
sfiBtta-umleitan, f.= sdttarumleitan.
saBtt-fu3S, a. willing to come to
terms or make peace.
saBttir, m. peace-makerj reconciler.
saBvar-, gen. from 'sasr'; -bakki,
m. sea- beach ; -borg, f. a castle on the
sea ; -djup, n. the deep sea ; -gangr,
m. the swell of the sea, the sea running
high ; -hamrar, m. pi. sea-crags.
soefa (-Sa, -$r), v. (i) to put to
death, kill, esp. a sacrificial beast
(soef6 voru J)au kvikendi, er godunum
var fornat) ; (2) refl., soefast, to be
killed', s. d sverSinu, spjotinu, to be
killed by a sword or spear thrust
through the body (soefist hon i. sverd-
inu ok deyr).
soefari, m. sacrificing priest.
soefing, f. sacrifce (s. gu6s lambs),
soegr (pi. -ir), m. (i) wet weather,
raifi ; (2) tumult, uproar (s. mikill er
i boenum ok 115 allt olott) ; (3) shred
(rifa likama 1 soegi sundr).
soekja (soeki, sotta, sottr), v. (l) to
seek (hann astlar at s. ser kirkjuviS ok
siglir pegar i. haf) ; t)angat scekir J)ik
engi, Tto one will seek thee thither ; s.
heilraeQi ok traust at e-m, to seek good
counsel and help from one-, s. um lid-
veizlu vid e-n, to call on one for
sicpport; (2) to go to fetch (B. ^tti
erendi yfir fjorQ at s. skjoldu sina ok
vdpn) ; s. e-t 1 e-n stad or til e-s
sta6ar, to go to a place to fetch a thing
(s. gros upp i hli3, vatn til Icekjar) ;
(3) to visit, come to (enn aldna jotun
ek sotta) ; s. e-n heim, to come to see
one, visit one in his hojne ; s. t)ing, to
attend or frequent a J)ing ; s. e-n at
lidveizlu, um liSveizlu, to call on one
for support ; (4) to attack, assail (s.
e-n me6 vdpnum ; pessir munu s. oss
me6 eldi) ; s. e-n heim, to fall upon
one in his house (Gunnar sottu heim
|)eir hofSingjar, er . . .) ; (5) to catch,
overtake (mi fiSr hann geldingaflokk
ok faer eigi sott) ; (6) to overcome^
master (munu J)eir mik aldri fa sott,
meSan ek kem boganum vi6) ; to
carry, take (eigi mun eyin sott verSa) ;
(7) to pursue ; J^eir soekja ferSina
knaliga, they push on doughtily ; s.
fast roSrinn (sundit), /^ /^«r// {swim)
hard; (8) to prosecute, in a lawsuit
(s. e-n sokum, s. e-n til fullra laga) ;
sotti K. til lands at MoeiQarhvali, K.
laid claim to the land at M. ; s. sok,
mdl, to ca7'7y on a suit', skalt J)u s.
paer sakir bdSar, both these suits thou
shall take up; s. mdl til laga, to
follow up a suit at law ; (9) to pass
over (bySr J)eim at s. fjallit norQr i
byg3) ; var din all-ill at s., the river
was very bad to cross ; (10) absol. to
proceed, go, advance (t^eir stiga af
hestunum ok scekja upp a holinn) ; er
hann sotti langt austr, whe7i he had
adva7iced far eastward ; s. a fund e-s,
to go to see one ', s. at, s. a, to attack
(s. d borg) ; to urge the matter, insist
({>. sotti k pvi meirr, en G. for undan) ;
s. eptir e-m, to purstte (Egill sotti ^i.
eptir J)eim) ; s. fram, to advance, go
forward, in battle (E. s6tti J)d fram
SCEKJANDI
[428]
SOGU-MADR
ok hjo til beggja handa) ; s. til e-s
stafiar, to frequent a place (til Tuns-
bergs sottu mjok kaupmenn) ; (ii)
refl., soekjast, to advance^ of a work
in hand (en er ^ lei6 vetrinn, sottist
mjok borgargorSin) ; to be passed^ of
a road or distance ; nu er meir en
hilf-sott, more than half-way ; sottist
peim seint skip t)eira Hruts, they
were slow in boarding Hrufs ship ;
peir setla, at t)eini muni ilia s. at vinna
OSS, they think it will be a hard
struggle to master us ; recipr., to seek
one another \ soekjast sdr um likir,
birds of a feather flock together ; to
attack one another, fght (j[)eir nafnar
sottust lengi).
soekjandi, m. prosecutor.
soela (-da), v. to slake (s. J)orsta).
soema (-da, -dr), v. {l) to honour \
ef hann vildi s. hann i nokkuru l^ni,
if he would honour him with {the
grant of) a fief \ (2) s. vi6 e-t, to put
up with, bear with (hann J)6ttist eigi
mega s. vid skap hennar) ; s. vi6
heiminn, to conforin to the world; s.
vi6 e-n, to attend, wait on (J)u, kerl-
ing, skalt s. vi6 gestinn).
sosmd, f. (i) honour; ii., hafa s. af
Q-\iftoget, have honour from a matter;
gera, veita e-m s., to do, show honour
to one; {2) redress for loss or injury
(J)6ttist f>6rarinn enga s. hafa fyrir vig
t»orvalds broSur sins).
soemdar-atkvaeSi, n. honowable
itiention ; -auki, m. increase of hon-
our ; -botS, n. honourable offer; -fer5,
f. honourable journey (fara -ferS) ;
-fyst, f. atnbitiofi ; -for, f. = -fer3 ;
-hlutr, m. [share of) honour (hafa
-hlut af e-u) ; -klaB^i, n. robe of hon-
our; -lauss, a. honourless ; -ma(5r,
m. honourable man, man of distinction
(munt l)u l)ar pykkja -maSr, sem Jju
ert) ; verSa e-m at -manni, to do
honour to one; -mdl, n. honourable
mention; -neifntn. title of distinction ;
-rdS, n. honourable match ; -ska$i,
m., -spell, n. dishonour ; -sa3ti, n.
seat of honour ; -takn, n. maj-k of
honour ; -vald, n. privileged power ;
-vOBnligr. a. promising honour.
soemi-leikr, m. becomi?ignesSj pro-
priety ; -liga, adv. honourably^ be-
comins^ly ; -ligr, a. honourable, be-
coming; -ligr kaleikr, a costly chalice.
soem-leitr, 3.. fine to look at.
soemr, a. becofni?iQ, befitting (J)dr er
soemra sver6 at rj66a).
scenskr, a. Swedish, = svenskr.
soera (-^a, -Sr), v. (i) to conjure,
adjure (ek soeri l)ik vid alia krapta
Krists) ; (2) to exorcize (s. djofla frd
66um monnum).
soeri, n. pi. oaths, swearing (rjiifa s.).
scering (pi. -ar), f. exorcism.
soeringa-niat5r, m, exorcist.
soerr, a. to be sworn, of an oath
(hann sor jDeim eiSinn ok sag6i t)6, at
eigi mundi vel s. vera).
soeta, f., soeti, n. sweetness.
soet-leikr, m. sweetness ; -liga, adv.
sweetly ; -ligr, a. sweet (-lig rodd).
soetr, a. sweet (s. ilmr) ; t)6tti mer
slokkt it so^tasta Ijos augna minna,
the sweetest light of my eyes.
sdSla (aS), V. to saddle (ok bafi
hann s. hesta J^eira) ; fig., s. e-u i. e-t
or d of an, to add one {affront) to an-
other {V,]6m so61ar J)vi i. ofan, at hann
kva6 visu pessa).
so^la-biir, n. saddle-room.
sotSul-bogi, m. saddle-bow ; -:Q61, f.
saddle-board, saddle-tree ; -gjorS, f.
saddle-girth ; -hringja, f. saddle-
buckle ; -kl89c5i, n. saddle-cloth.
sotSuU (pi. socSlar), m. saddle]
leggja so5ul d best, to saddle a horse.
soSul-reiSi, n. saddle-harness ;
-reim, f. saddle-strap ; -treyja, f.
saddle-cloth (?).
sog (gen. sagar, pi. sagar), f. saw.
sogn (gen. sagnar, pi. sagnir), f.
{i) speech, opp. to ' pogn ' (s. e6a t)6gn
haf l)er sjdlfr i hug) ; (2) tale, report,
news (konungr varQ allreiSr, ^i. er
hann heyrSi {)essa s.) ; l)at er s. manna,
at, people say, the story goes, that;
nau6ga e-m, pina e-n, til sagna, to
force one to cojifess, by torture ; (3)
host of men (cf. 'skipssogn ').
sogu-, gen. from ' saga ' ; -bok, f.
saga-book, volume of sagas ; -efni, n.
materials for a saga ; -ligr, a. worth
telling, importatit ; -IjotS, n. pi. his-
torical poe7ns\ -matSr, m. {i) inform-
sGgu-sogn
[429]
S0IIVI
ant, authority ; (2) the hero of a tale ;
-sdgn, f, tradition.
sog-visi, f. tattling propensity.
sok (gen. sakar, pi. sakar or sakir),
f. ( I ) charge, the ojfence charged ;
sonn s., a true charge ; gera sakar a
hendr ser, to incur charges ; gera
sakir vi3 e-n, to do o^e?ice or harjn
to 07ie \ sannr at s., proved [found)
guilty ; gefa e-m (upp) sakir, to ref?iit
a charge ; gefa e-m s. (sakar) i. e-u,
gefa e-m e-t at s., to 7nake a charge
against one ; foerast undan sokum, to
plead not guilty, vera (bundinn) 1
sokum vi6 e-n, to have done offence to
one (konungr tok st6rgjoId af bondum
peim, er honum J)6ttu 1 sokum vi6
sik) ; (2) suit, action, in court ; eiga
s. d e-u, /^ have a ground for com-
plaint ; ek d sjdlfr s. i. Jjvi, that is my
own affair', scekja e-n sokum, to pro-
seciiie one ; svasfa allar sakar, to settle
all causes ; fara med sokina, to con-
duct the suit ; segja fram sok sina, to
declare 07ie's suit ; (3) effect ; hafa ekki
at s., to effect nothing', tok f>6roddr
J)d at vanda um kvamur bans, ok hafSi
ekki at s., but to 710 effect ; (4) cause,
reason (])6tti konungi sakir til, J)6tt
hann hefdi eigi komit) ; fyrir hverja
s., for the sake of what, why ? fyrir
l)a (J)essa) s.,for that reason, there-
fore ; af Jjeim sokum., fro7n that cause
(svd lauk J)essu, at husfreyja lezt af
J)eim sokum) ; fyrir e-s sakir <yr sokum,
for the sake of because of ; fyrir dstar
sakir, y^-'r love's sake ; with respect to
(skyldi bo5it ver6a sem vegligast, bseSi
fyrir tilfanga sakir ok fjolmennis) ;
fyrir mmum sokum, y"6'r 77iy sake, for
7)iy part ; um sakar JDinar, for thy
sake ; of time, um nokkurra ndtta
S2^\x, for a few nights', of(um) stund-
ar sakir, _/J?r a while ; um sinns sakir,
for this once ; um nsetr sakir, /<?r 07ie
night; sakir e-s, sokum e-s = fyrir
sakir e-s, fyrir sokum e-s.
s0kkva (s0kk ; sokk, aukkum ;
sokkinn), v. to sink (skutan sokk ni5r
me6 ollum farminum).
s0kkva (-ta, -t), v. to sink^ make to
si7ik, with dat. (reru peir menn lit d
fjord ok s0ktu J^ar niQr kistunni) ;
refl., S0kkvast, to si7ik down (ormrinn
S0ktist 1 sasinn).
sokott, a. n., in the phrase, eiga s.
vi6 e-n, to have 77iany quarrels with
(d ek s. vi3 folkit).
soknutSr, m. = saknaSr.
sok-tal, n. = saktal.
soku-dolgr, -nautr, m. a person
with who77i one is at variance, enemy,
adversary.
sok-vorn, f. defence in a suit.
sol (gen. solva), n. pi. an edible sea-
weed, dulse.
solu-, gen. from * sala ' ; -vdt5, f. a
piece of c 07)1771 on stiff, wad77ial.
soluvaSar-brcBkr, f. pi., -kufl, m.,
-kyrtill, m. breeks, cowl, ki7'tle made
of ordi7iary stuff (soluvaS) .
solva-fjara, f. beach where dulse is
gathered, dulse-gathering (vera i
-fjoru) ; -kaup, n. purchase of dulse.
sondugr, a. sa7idy, = sendinn.
s6ng-b6k, f. song-book, chant-book ;
-foeri, n. 7fiusical instru77ient ; -hljocS,
n. pi. singi7tg, fnusic ; -hljomr, m.
sound of tnusic ; -hus, n. choir ;
-i{)r6tt, f. = -list.
songla (at5), v. to make a jingling
or ri7?ging sou7id (spratt ianmt i. golfit,
sva at songlaSi vi6).
song-list, f. a7't of music ; -matJr,
m . singer ; -m aer, f. ( i ) singi7ig maid ',
(2) a kind of bell ; -nam, n. instruc-
tion i7i 77iusic.
songr (-S, -var), m. (i) singing,
7nusic (heyra fagran song) ; (2) song,
lay (upphaf songanna).
song-raust, -rodd, f. singing-voice ;
-tol, n. pi. = -foeri.
songvinn, a. given to singing.
s0rvi, n. necklace (steina-s0rvi).
TABARDR
[430]
TAKA
tabartjr, m. tabard^ do ah.
tabola, f. tablet^ altar-piece.
tabiir, n. tabour, tatnbourine.
tats, n. manure^ dn7ig\ reida t. d,
akrland, to mafmre a field.
taSa (gen. pi. ta^na), f. (i) the
manured field, home-field (skulu peir
sld i tftSu i dag) ; (2) the hay from the
manured field (raka to6u sina alia
saman i stor-sasti).
tat5-skegglingar, m. pi. dung-beard-
lings (a contemptuous name).
tafl, n. (l) a board-game^ 'tables',
chess, draughts', sitja at tafli, leika t.,
at tafli, to play at chess ; nu em brogd
£ tafli, there is a trick in the game,
there is foul play ; (2) the board with
the pieces (taflit svarfadist); {^) piece
in the game, = tafla.
tafla, f. piece in a game of tables.
tafl-bort5, n. draught-board, chess-
board', -brogtS, n. pi. tricks of play-
ing', -fe, n. the money played for,
the stakes', -ma^r, m. player at
chess ; -pungr, m. a bag for the pieces ;
-speki, f. skill in playing.
tafn, n. (i) sacrifice (hann h^t miklu
tafni) ; (2) bloody prey (poet.).
tagl, n. horse^s tail (skera t. or hross-
um) ; rarely, cow's tail.
tak, n. hold, grasp.
taka (tek; tok, tokum ; tekinn),
V. (i) to take, catch, seize (toku J)eir
laxinn ok otrinn ok bdru med ser) ;
G. tok inni vinstri hendi spjotit d lopti,
G. caught the spear with his left hand ;
man hon t. fe okkart allt med rdni,
she will take all our goods by force ;
t. e-n hondum, to seize one, take cap-
tive ; tokum vdpn vdr, let us take to
our weapofis ; (2) fig., t. tru, to take
the faith, become a Christian ; t. skim,
to be baptized ; t. hvild, to take a rest ;
t. flotta, to take to flight ; t. roeQu,
umroe6u, to begin a parley ; t. rdS, to
take a counsel {= X. til rdQs) ; t. e-n
orSum, to address one ; t. ssettir or
saettum, to accept terms \ t. {Jenna
kost, to take this choice ; t. stefnu, to
fix a meetings t. bo3i, to accept an
offer', t. soit, to be taken ill ', t. ugleSi,
to get out of spirits ; t. andviSri, to
meet with contrary winds ; t. konung,
to take, elect a king', X. konu, to take
a wife ; t. ukunna stigu, to take to
unknown ways ; t. e-n or e-m vel,
to receive one well\ X. e-t J)vert, to
take a thing crossly, deny flatly ; t.
upp hondum, to raise the hands ; (3)
to reach, stretch forth, touch ; fremri
hyrnan tok viSbeinit, the tipper horn
caught the collar bone ; {jvi at ek tek
eigi heim ikveld,7^r I shalhiot reach
home to-night ; hdrit tok ofan i. belti,
the hair came down to her waist ; (4)
to reach and take harbour (J)eir toku
land d Melrakka-slettu) ; (5) to take^
hold, of a vessel (ketill, er tok tvaer
tunnur) ; (6) to be equivalent to, be
worth (hringrinn tok tolf hundrud
morend) ; (7) with infin., to begin
(hann tok at yrkja, pegar er hann var
ungrj ; mi taka oil husin at loga, now
the whole house began to blase ; im-
pers., t)a tok at Isegja vedrit, then the
wind began to fall', (S) to touch, re-
gard, co7icern (t)at allt, sem leikmenn
tekr) ; (9) /<? catch {up), come up with
(hann var allra manna fothvatastr,
svd at engi hestr tok hann d. rds) ; (10)
to start, rush (Eirikr tok lit or stof-
unni, en konungr bad menn hlaupa
eptif lionum) ; t. a ras, t. frd, to take
to running, run away (sva illt sem
mi er fra at t., J)a mun J)6 siSarr
verra) ; (11) impers. it is taken', J)a
tok af veflrit (ace.) then the storm
abated', kom a fotinn, sv^ at af t6k,
the stroke came on his leg, so that it
was cut ofl'', synina tekr fra e-m, one
becomes blind', tok lit skip f>angbrands,
Th's ship drifted out ; um varit er
sumarhita x6\i,when the stwimer heat
set in-, (12) with preps, and advs., t.
e-n af lifi, lifdogum, t. e-n af, to take
one's life, put to death ; t. e-n af nafni
ok veldi, to deprive one of his title
and power ; t. af hesti, to take {the
TAKA
[431]
TAKA
saddle) off a horse ; t. e-t af e-m, to
take a thing from one, deprive one of
(er ver tokum seglit af honum, J)a
gr^t hann) ; t. af s^r 6pit, to cease
weeping-^ t. e-t af e-m, to get from
one (tekr hann af ollu folki mikit lof) ;
t. mikinn (mikit), litinn (litit) af e-u
to make [say) niuch, little of hon tok
litit af ollu, she said little about it,
took it coldly ; en^^an tek ek af um
lidveizlu vi6 J^ik, / will not pledge
7nyself as to helping thee ; t. e-t af, to
choose, take ; G. bau3 pdr %6b bo3,
en f)u vildir engi af t., G. made thee
good offers, but thou uiouldst take none
of thejn ; fara sem foetr mega af t., at
the top of one's speed ; hann sigldi su6r
sem af tok, as fast as possible ; to
abolish, do away with (lag6i a J)at
allan hug at t. af heiSni ok fornar
venjur) ; t. e-t aptr, to take back,
render void (t. aptr ^at, er ek gef ) ;
to recall (t. aptr or3, heit sin) ; t. i.
e-u, to touch (hon tok d augum hans) ;
t. vel, auSvelliga, litt, ilia k e-u, to
take (a thing) well, in good part, ill,
in ill part (fluttu J)eir J)etta fyrir jarli,
en hann tok vel d) ; t. e-t d sik, to
take upon oneself (kva.bsi heldr vilja
t. J)at d sik at gefa honum annat
augat) : toku J)eir a sik svefn mikinn,
they fell fast asleep ; t. arf eptir e-n,
to inherit one ; t. e-t eptir, to get in
return ; meQ J)vi at J)u gerir svd, sem
ek by6 \>€x, skaltu nokkut eptir t.,
thou shalt have sojne reward; t. e-t
fra e-m, to take a thing away froin
one (J)eir toku spjotin fra J)eim ok baru
ut a ana) ; t. e-n fra e-u, to deprive
one of (t. e-n fra landi, riki) ; t. e-t
fyrir e-t, to take in return for (hann
keypti sveinana ok tok fyrir J)a vesl
gott ok slagning) ; to take for, look
upon as (tokum ver l^at allt fyrir satt ;
J)vi tck ek J)at fyrir gaman) ; t. fyrir
e-t, to refuse (tok E. eigi fyrir utan-
fer3 at sumri) ; t. hendi i e-t, to thrust
one's handifito ; 1. 1 bond e-m, to shake
hands with one ; t. i moti, to offer re-
sistance Cpeh brendu vi5a bygdina, en
bcendr toku ekki i moti) ; t. ni5r, to
pull down, demolish (t. niSr til grund-
vallar allt J)at verk) ; to graze a little^
= t. til jardar (J)eir lAta nu taka niSr
hesta si'na) ; t. niSri, to touch {feel) the
bottom ; t. ofan, to take down (Hogni
tekr ofan atgeirinn) ; to pull down
(hann hafSi latit t. ofan skdla sinn) ;
t. 1 sundr, to cut asunder-, impers.,
slcemdi sverdinu til hans, svd at i
sundr tok manninn, so that the man
was cleft asunder ; t. til e-s, to take
to (toku J)d margir til at ni'fia hann) ;
t. til mdls (orQs, orda), to begin to
speak ; nu er f)ar til mdls at t., at,
now we must take up the story at
this point, that ; t. til varnar, to begin
the defence ; t, til e-s, to have recourse
to, resort to (t. e-t til rads, bragSs) ;
to concern (J)etta mal, er til konungs
tok) ; Mta e-t til sin t., to let it con-
cern 07ieself, meddle with (Gisli let
fatt til sin t.); t. e-n til e-s, to choose,
elect (Olafr var til konungs tekinn um
allt land) ; absol., t. til, to begin (hann
belt allt austr um Svinasund, J)d tok
til vald Sviakonungs) ; t. e-t til, to
take to, do ; ef hann tekr nokkut illt
til, if he takes to atty ill ; t. um e-t, to
take hold of, grasp (mi skaltu t. um
fot honum) ; t. e-t undan, to take
away ; impers., undan kunni tok nyt
alia, the cow ceased to give milk ; t.
undan, to run away, escape (B. tok
undan me6 ras) ; t. undir e-t, to take
hold under a thing ; hann tok undir
kverkina ok kyssti hana, he took her
by the chin and kissed her ; to under-
take, take upon oneself; H. kvaSst
ekki t. mundu undir vandrseSi J)eira,
//. said he would have nothing to do
with their troubles ; t. undir e-t me6
e-m, to back, help one in a thing (vil
ek, at per takit undir J)etta mal me6
mer) ; J)au toku undir ]3etta lettiliga,
they secofided it readily ; hann tok
seinliga undir, he was slow to answer ;
t. undir, to echo, resound (fjollin toku
undir) ; t. e-t undir sik, to take on
hand (Gizurr tok undir sik malit) ; to
lay hold ^(hann tekr undir sik eignir
J)asr, er K. dtti i Noregi) ; t. e-t upp,
to pick up (S. tok upp hanzka sinn);
t. upp fe fyrir e-m, to seize on, con-
fiscate ; t. upp bord, to set up the
tables before a meal, but also to re-
TAKA
[432]
TAMR
move them after a meal ; t. upp bygS
sfna, to remove ofte's abode ; hon tekr
mart pat upp, er fjarri er minum vilja,
she takes much itt hand that is far
from my will; drykk ok vistir, svd
sem skipit tok upp, as the ship could
take ; t. upp ny goSorQ, to establish
new priesthoods ; t. upp verknaQ, to
take up work ; t. upp stoerS, to take
to pride \ t. upp sok, to take up a
case; t. upp draum, to interpret a
dream ; t. e-t upp, to choose (seg mi
skjott, hvern kost J)u vill upp t.) ;
absol., t. upp, to extend^ rise (rekkju-
stokkr tekr upp d milium ruma okk-
arra) ; t. ut, to run out (E. tok lit or
stofunni) ; t. vi5 e-u, to receive (A.
hafSi tekit vi5 foSurarfi sinum) ; t.
vel vi6 e-m, to receive one well, give
one a hearty welcojne ; t. vi3 trii, to
take the faith ; J)eir toku vel vi6, they
made a bold resistance ; tok vid hvdrr
af oSrum, one took up whe7'e the other
left off\ t. yfir e-t, to extend over
(hann skal eignast af Englandi pat,
sem uxahu6 tekr yfir) ; impers. to
come to an end, succeed (kvedst mi
vaenta, at mi mundi yfir t.) ; peir
munu allt til vinna at yfir taki vi5
OSS, to get the better of us; (13) refl.,
takast, to take place, begin (tokst orr-
usta) ; ri.6 pau skyldu t. at odru
sumri, the wedding should take place
next sutnmer ; takast me6 peim godar
dstir, they came to love one another
much ; to be brous^ht about, take effect,
succeed; pat tokst honum, he suc-
ceeded; t. til, to happen (ef svd vill til
t.) ; t. e-t d hendr, to take on one's
hands (mun ek pat d hendr t. at fylkja
par fyrir liSi minu) ; Mta af t., to let
oneself be deprived of \ recipr., takast
(at) orSum, to speak to one another;
t. d, t. fangbrogdum, to wrestle ; t. 1
hendr, to shake hands.
taka, f. (l) taking, capture, of a for-
tress, prisoner ; (2) taking, seising, of
property ; (3) revenue, = tekja (meS
ollum tokum ok skyldum).
tak-faB$, f. destitution, poverty ;
-mark, n. line of demarcation, boun-
dary ; -mikill, a. able to take good
hold^ strong.
tal, n. (i) talk, parley, conversation \
vera (sitja) i. tali vid e-n, to be {sit)
talking with (ek hefi verit i. tali vi6
Hrafn ok Sturlu) ; eiga t. vid e-n, to
have a talk with ; taka t. sitt, taka t.
med s^r, to begin to talk together;
skilja talit, to cease talking; belt bisk-
up mikit t. af honum, held fnuch talk
with him ; taka annat t., to change
the conversation to ajiother subject ;
(2) speech, language (pii munt vera
litlendr, pvi at t. pitt ok yfirbragS er
ekki likt herlenzku folki) ; (3) tale,
number ; tolf einir tal sins, only twelve
in number; vera i bonda tali, to be
reckoned among peasants ; (4) tale^
list, series (konunga-tal, skalda-tal).
tala, f. (i) speech, discourse (pd h6f
hann tolu sina upp ok sag6i) ; Idta
ganga toluna, to go on with one's tale
(porir pag6i, meoan Grettir let ganga
toluna) ; (2) tale, number ; hann hafdi
tolu d pessum monnum, he took tale of,
counted them ; hafa e-n 1 praela tolu,
to reckon one among thralls, treat one
as a thrall; (3) number, in grammar ;
(4) bead (glertala).
tala (at$), v. (i) to talk, speak (t.
hdtt ok hvellt) ; with ace, siSan toluSu
peir leyniliga rd3ag0r6 slna, after that
they talked over their plans by them-
selves ; (2) to speak, make a speech
(talaQi konungr fyrir liSinu ok maeiti
svd) ; (3) /^ record, tell; ok er ekki
um bans ferfiir at t. fyrr en hann kemr
heim, there is nothing to tell about
his journey till he comes home ; (4)
with preps., t. til e-s, to talk {speak)
to one (Rutr talafii pd til MarSar) ; to
talk about, = t. um e-t ; t. vi6 e-n, to
speak to one (mi talar Flosi vid menn
sina) ; recipr., peir toluSust mart vid,
they talked about many things.
talatSr, pp. spoken, speaking; t. vel,
a good speaker (snjallr f mdli ok t. vel
d pingum).
tal-hlySinn, a. listening to talk,
credulous (konungr var -hlydinn ok
eigi djupsser).
tamning, f. tatning, breaking in.
tamr, a. {i) tame, = t3irm6r, of a colt;
{2) familiar, ready (pat vard tamast,
sem i CEskunni hafdi numit).
TAMS-VONDR
[433]
TAR-FELIiA
tams-vondr, m. taming {magic)
wand.
tand-rautSr, a. ^fire-red\ of gold,
tandri, vc\. fire (poet.).
tangi, m. (i) a point projecting
into the sea ; (2) the pointed end by
which the blade is driven into the
handle (sverdit brast i tanganum).
tanna-, gen. pi. from ' tonn ' ; -gangr,
m. chewing, tearing with the teeth ;
-gnastran, f., -gnistr, m. gnashing
of teeth ; -hold, n. the gtwis.
tannari, m. ttisk-chisel.
tanna-skjalfti, m. chattering of the
teeth ; -verkr, m. tooth-ache.
tann-belti, n. a belt of walrus-tusk ;
-berr, a. with prominent teeth ; -f6, n.
tooth-fee (a gift to an infant when it
cuts its first tooth) ; -gartSr, m. ' tooth-
wall\ the row of teeth \ -hjaltatSr,
pp. tusk-hilted; -hjolt, n. pi. a hilt
of walrus-tusk ; -lauss, a. toothless]
-refill, m. tusk-chisel ; -sarr, a. tooth-
sore, ill-treated 'y -skeptr, pp. with
handle of walrus-tusk ; -spjald, n. a
plate {tablet) of walrus-tusk ; -tafl,
n. pieces [chessmen) of walrus-tusk ;
-vara, f. walrus-tusks.
tapa (at5), v. (i) to losCy with dat.
(J)ar tapafli hon kambi sinum) ; (2)
to kill^ put to death (t. e-m, lifi
e-s) ; (3) refl., tapast, to be lost, come
to fiought.
tapan, f. (i) loss ; (2) perdition,
tapar-0x, f. a kind of small axe.
tappa (aS), v. to tap, draw, from a
cask (t. vin, mungat).
tarfr, m. bull.
targa, f. target, small round shield.
tarra (a$), v. to lay forth, spread
out (t. gulli ok gersimum).
taaka, f. bag, sack (toskur tvaer fullar
me6 gull ok silfr).
tas-vigr, a. very busy (at e-u).
taufr, n. pi. sorcery, charms.
taufra (a(5), v. to enchant.
taufr a-ma^r, m. sorcerer, enchanter.
taufrar, m. pi. = taufr.
taug ( pi. -ar), f. string, rope ; -reptr,
pp. ? having ropes in place of rafters,
of a poor cottage.
tauma-lag, n. holding the reins. ,
taumr (-s, -ar), m. rein, bridle (A.
ICEL. DICT.
t6k i taumana) ; hafa hest i taumi, to
have a led horse with one ; bera taum
d isinn, to measure the ice with a
cord; ganga, akast 1 tauma, to fail,
not to be fulfilled.
tauta (aS), V. /<? mutter, murjnur.
ta (gen. tar, pi. taBr), f. toe\ tdin in
mesta, the big toe.
td, n. path, walk (poet.).
tdg (pi. -ar), f. stringy root, fibre.
td-jdrn, n. ' toe-iron \ fetter.
tdkn, n. (i) token, mark (krossar ok
oil heilog tdkn) ; (2) token, wonder,
miracle (nu var pat 1 annat sinn, at
Olafr konungr gerSi fagrt t.).
takna (a?5), v. to betoken, signify,
t. fyrir, to forebode.
takn-samligr, a. (i) symbolical', (2)
miraculous (-samlig laskning).
tal (pi. -ar), f. deceit, allurement', pi.
devices ; draga e-n i. tdlar, to draw
into a trap, betray,
tdlar-disir, f. pi. guileful {female)
spirits ; -snara, f. treacherous snare
or fioose, = tdlsnara.
tdlga (atS), V. to carve, = telgja,
tdlga, f. cutting, carving.
tal-grof, f. pitfall.
talgu-grjot, n. free-stone ; -knifr,
m. carving-knife, whittle ; -tol, n.
carving-tool ; -0x, f. adze.
tdlkn, n. gills offish ; whale-bone.
tdlkn-fanir, f. pi. strips of whale-
bone ; -skits, n. a thick piece of whale-
bone (berja me6 -skiQi) ; -sproti, m.
wand of whale-bone.
tal-laus3, a. guileless; -lausliga,
adv. guilelessly, sincerely.
talma (atS), v. to hinder (E. konungr
tdlmadi ekki ferS bans).
talman, f. hindering, obstruction.
tdl-samligr, a. treacherous ; -sigi,
m. bait, alluretnent ; -snara, f. a de-
ceitful snare.
tar, n. tear (hrundu tdrin d, kinnr
honum) ; fella tdr, to shed tears.
tara-briinnr, m. fiood of tears',
-fall, n. weeping', -fullr, a. teatful',
-regn, n. = -brunnr.
tarast (at5), v. refl. to shed tears,
weep (hann taraSist mjok).
tar-blandinn, pp. blent with tears ;
-feldr, a. weeping, tearful', -fella
Ff
TAR-FELLING
[434]
TEMJA
(-da, -dr), v. to shed tears ; -felling,
f. shedding of tears ; -mildr, a. pro-
fuse of tears, apt to weep (-mild augu) ;
-stokkinn, pp. tear-besp7'i7ikled (meS
tdrstokknum augum).
tdrug-hlyra, a. with tearful cheeks.
t6, n., in the phrase, l)at erydrjafnan
i te, it is al IV ays free to you.
tef ja (tec5, tadda, taddr), v. to dung,
manure (t. vel gart^a).
tefja (tef, tarSa, tafinn), v. to hin-
der, delay (t. e-n, t. fyrir e-m).
tefla (-da, -dr), v. (l) to play at
tables, chess, draughts, etc. (sumir
tefldu skdktafl e5a hneftafl eSa kvd-
tru) ; (2) t. i uppnam, to expose the
pieces, so that they can be taken
(vildi S. bera aptr riddara, er hann
hafSi teflt i uppndm) ; (3) t. e-n upp,
to beat one in a game of draughts, fig.
to deprive one of what one has ; (4) to
weave checks.
teflingr, m. checkered cloth.
tegund, f., see ' tigund '.
teigr (-S, -ar), m. strip of field or
meadow-land (at sld teig J)ann, er
heitir Gullteigr).
teig-yrki (pi. -yrkjar), m. field-
labourer (-yrkjar ok verkamenn).
teikn, n. toketi, = takn.
teikna (aS), v. (i) /<? denote, signify
(hvat mun {jetta hafa at t. ?) ; (2) to
make a sign, indicate by a sig?i, =
benda (konungr teiknaSi mer, at ek
skylda byrla honum).
teiknan, f. beckoning, = bending.
teina, f. basket made of twigs.
teindr, pp. beaten into rods or bars,
teinn (-s, -ar), m. (i) twig, sprout,
s= teinungr ; (2) spit (tok ek peira
hjortu ok d teini steiktak) ; (3) a
stake to hang things on ; (4) = hlaut-
teinn (t)eir hristu teina).
teinungr, m. sprout, twig.
tein-v6ndr, m. wand, rod.
tein-a3ringr, m. ten-oared boat;
-8Brr, a. ten-oared (skip -aert).
teita (-tta, -ttr), v. to gladden,
cheer, make cheerful.
teiti, f. gladsomeness, cheerfulness.
teitr, a. glad, cheerful, merry.
tekinn, pp. from ' taka ', {taken) ill
(Id hann ok var mjok t.).
tekja, (i) take, taking; (2) seizure,
booty; (3) inco?ne, revenue (konungr
gaf t)eim halfar tekjur vi3 sik).
telgja (-Sa, -'5r), v. to shape, hew,
carve, cut wood or stone with adze or
knife ; sifian telgSi hann af i unarnar,
he cut oj^ the runes.
telja (tel ; talda ; talijr, taldr,
talinn), v. (i) to count, nu7nber (G.
biskup haf5i t. Idtit bcendr alslandi) ;
t. kyn sitt til e-s, eiga til e-s at t., to
trace o7ie' s descefit frojn ; J)6tt J)u eigir
frasndsemi at t. vi5 mik, though thou
canst reckon thyself my kith a7id kin ;
(2) to tell, say, set forth ; hann taldi
litla sina fysi at roa lengra, he said
that he had little 77ii7id for rowing
fa7'th€r; t. tolu, to make a speech,
preach a ser7tion ; (3) to recko7i, con-
sider {Yi. telr sik nu hraustari mann
en a5r var hann) ; t. ser e-t, to claim
for 07ieself, reckon as one's property
(f>. krokr taldi ser dalinn, ok kalladi
hann J)at sitt landnam) ; (4) t. fyrir
vindi, to go well befo7-e the wind, of a
ship (skipin voru orskreiS ok toldu
vel fyrir vindinum) ; (5) with preps.,
t. e-t af, to dissuade ; t. e-t af fyrir e-m,
to dissuade one fro77i ; t. at e-u, to
bla77ie, find fault with, object to (man
ek ekki at t., J56 at pu truir d J)at go6,
er J)dr likar) ; t. d e-n, to rebuke,
bla7ne ; t. e-t eptir e-m, to grudge one
a thing (ekki tel ek mat eptir ykkr) ; t.
fyrir e-m, to try to pe7'suade one (S.
bofiafii f>angbrandi heiSni ok taldi
lengi fyrir honum) ; t. tru fyrir e-m,
to preach the gospel to one; t. e-t
ofan, to dissuade from ; t. til e-s, to
claim (taldi hann til rikis) ; t. e-t upp,
toetiumerate, reckon up (pa taldi {>. upp
konur pasr, sem voru 1 BorgarfirSi
ugiptar) ; (6) refl., teljast undan e-u,
to decline, refuse (telst hann undan
forinni).
tern j a (tem ; tamda ; tamiSr,
tamdr, taminn), v. (l) to ta7ne,
break in ; 0xn nam at t., he took to
breaki7ig in oxen ; (2) to trai7i, exer-
cise (t. sik vid fjjrottir or t. s^r ij)r6tt-
ir) ; hann dtti hrafna tvd, er hann
haffii tamit vid mal, he had two ravens
which he had trained to talk.
TEMPRA
[435]
TIL
tempra (aS), v. (l) /^ temper, moder-
ate (t. skaplyndi sitt) ; (2) to temper,
blend, mix (temprandi sin tar meQ
bans tdrum).
tempran, f. tempering.
tempranar - fullr, a. temperate ;
-lauat, adv. i7ttemperately.
tendra (aS), v. (i), to make a fire,
light (t. eld, Ijos, kerti) ; (2) to ki7idle,
excite (t. hug sinn).
tengda-li$, n., -menn, m. pi. rela-
tions by affinity.
tengdir, f. pi. affinity.
tengdr, pp. related by affinity.
tengja (-da, -dr), v. to fasten, tie
together (hann let t. skip sin hvert
fram af stafni annars) ; t. saman skip-
in, to tie the ships together.
tengsl, n. pi. ( i ) the ropes or fasten-
ings by which ships were bound to-
gether during battle (hoggva tengslin
I skipum sinum) ; (2) ties of affinity.
tengsla (a$), v. to tie together (t.
saman skip).
teninga-kast, n. throw of dice.
teningr (-s, -ar), m. die \ kasta
teningum, to throw dice.
tenntr,pp. toothed (t. sem villigoltr).
teppa (-ta, -tr), v. (i) to confine,
enclose, shut ifi (t. e-n inni) ; (2) to
close, st(p, bar (t. e-m stig).
testament, n. bequest, will.
texti, m. (i) text\ {o.) gospels.
teygi-agn, n. bait ; -ligr, a. tempt-
ing, enticing.
teyging, f. entice?nent, temptation.
teygja (-5a, -tSr), v. (i) to stretch
out, draw (t. halsinn) ; (2) to spread
out dough into a fiat cake (t. brauQ) ;
(3) to allure, entice (teygir hann rakk-
ann k brott me3 ser).
teyma (-da, -drj, v. to lead by the
rein (hann teymdu tveir saman).
tigi, n. charge ; only in the phrase,
engi ma5r er 1 t. til, nema . . . , none
can be blamed but, there is no question
of afiy ojie but.
tigin-borinn, pp. of noble birth ;
-leikr, m. noble birth ; -mannligr,
a. noble'looking.
tiginn, a. high-born, of high estate,
noble, of a king or an earl (J)u kannt
vel at vera me6 tignum monnum).
tigl, n. tile, brick ; -gi^jot, n. bricks ;
-gprtS, f. brick-making', -ofn, m.
brick kihi ; -veggr, m. brick wall.
tigla (atS), V. to reimburse ^ refund,
of small sums.
tign, f. state, highness, honour,
tigna (acS), v. to honour, worship
(t. go6) ; tigna sik konungs-nafni, to
assuine a king'^s name ; refl., tignast,
to be exalted, glorified.
tignar-klaetSi, n. pi. robes of state ;
-korona, f. royal crown ; -lauss, a. ■=
utiginn ; -matSr, m. a ma7i of rank ;
-mark, n. 7nark of high rank ; -nafn,
n. high title ; -sess, m. seat of honour;
-skruS, n. = -klasdi ; -stoU, m. chair
oj state, throne ; -svipr, m. air of
dignity, royal look ; -seeti, n.= -sess ;
-vald, n. supre7nacy.
tigr (gen. -ar ; pi. -ir, ace. -u), m. a
ten, decade, = tegr, t0gr, togr, tugr ;
tiu tigir manna, one hundred 7nen ;
hdlfan fjorfia t0g skipa, thirty-five
ships ; sex ins fimta \\%2iX, forty-six ;
vetri fatt ifjora tigu, thirty-7iine years.
tigu-liga, or tigur-liga, adv. nobly,
gra7idly ; -ligr, a. lordly, pri7icely
(inn -ligi ma6r),
tigund, f. kind, so7't, species (f)eir
fjorir hlutir, er agsetastir eru her i
landi, hverr i sinni t.).
til, prep, with gen. {i) to (ri6a til
skips, koma t. Noregs) ; leiQa, stefna
t. e-s, to lead, te7td towards-, (2) of;
tala vel, ilia t. e-s, to speak well, ill
of one ; vita t. e-s, to know of be con-
scious of; spyrja t. e-s, to hear tid-
i7igs of; segja t. e-s, to tell of; Ijuga
t. e-s, to tell a falsehood about; (3)
on ; t. annarrar handar, 07t the other
hand or side ; t. vinstri, hoegri band-
ar, on the left, right hand; (4) de-
noting reason, purpose, respect (svelta
sik t. fjdr; berjast t. rikis ; biota t. ^rs ;
sver6 orugt t. vdpns) ; liggja t. byrjar,
to wait for a favourable wind; bross
t. reiSar, a horse for riding; (5) e-m
verSr gott, illt t. e-s, 07ie is well or ill
ofi^for a thing, has much or little of
it; J)eim var6 gott t. manna, they
got together 7nany men ; land illt t.
bafna, a la7id ill off for have7is; henni
fell t>ungt t. fjdr, she was pressed for
TIL-AFLAN
[436]
TIL-SPUHTTINa
money ; (6) with verbs, gera e-t t.
?kaps e-m, io do a thing to please om ;
jafna e-u t. e-s, to compare it with ;
gera vel, ilia t. e-s, io treat one well,
badly ; (7) of time ; t. elli, to old age ;
t. dauSadags, //// on^s death day ;
liSr a sumarit t. dtta vikna, the sum-
mer passed till eight weeks were left]
t. J)ess er, par t. er, Jtntil ; allt t., all
the time till; (8) ellipt. and adverbial
usages ; vera t., to exist ; fala hey ok
mat, ef t. vaeri, if there were any left;
hvdrttveggja er t., there is a stock of
both ; eiga t., hafa t., to possess; jDat
ra6, sem helzt var t, ready to hand;
vera t. neyddr, to be forced; skilja t.,
to reserve; verfia fyrstr t., to be the
first to do a thing ; (9) too (t. ungr, t.
gamall, eigi t. vidlendr) ; eigi t. mikit,
not too mtichj not very much ; aeva t.
snotr, not too wise ; helzt t. (helzti),
mikils t. (mikilsti), by far too 7nuch.
til-Aflan, {.providing of supplies.
tilannaSar-matSr, va.furtherer.
til-beini, m. furtherance, help ;
-bitSa, V. to worship ; -botS, n. o^er;
-bragtJ, n. co7itrivance, behaviour;
-brigSi, n.pl. (i) change; (2) nature,
natural or hereditary disposition
(J)ykkir Egill vera merkiligr ma6r,
sem likligt er fyrir -brigSa sokum);
-bunat5r, m. arrangeme7it, prepara-
tion; -drdttr, m. (i) attraction; (2)
occasion ; -efni, n. business, affairs,
deserts ; harm vissi -efni sin, he
understood his own affairs ; -felldr,
pp.yf/, convenient; -felli, n. occtin-ence,
circu7nstance,accident, (T^i-^; -felliligr,
a. suitable ; -fertS, f. admittance ;
-flutning, f. supply ; -fyndiligr, a.
suitable ; -fyndinn, ^.fiult-fnaing;
-fysi, f. desire, lo7iging ; -fysiligr, a.
desirable; -fyst, f. = -fysi ; -foerr, a.
able (=foerr til) ; -fong, n. pi. means,
supplies ; -for, f. attack, = atfor ;
-gangr, m. ( l ) circu7nsta7ices, grounds;
(2) recou7-se ; -gengiligr, a. accessible ;
-gjof, f. dower, bridal gift; -g0r5, f.
desert., 7nerit ; eptir -g0r6um, accord-
ing to one's deserts ; fyrir enga -g0r3,
utan vdrrar -gerSar, without provoca-
tion ; -g0rning, f. = -g0r6 ; -hallr, a.
favourable {to); -heyriliga, adv. duly,
properly ; -heyriligr, a. due, proper ;
-hlytSiligr, a, due, beco7ning ; -hneig-
ing, f. be7it, i7tcli7iation ; -haBttni, f.
venture, risk ; -kail, n. clai77i (eiga
-kail til e-s) ; -koma, -kvama, f.
co77ting, arrival ; -komandi, a. co7n-
ing, arrivi7ig ; m. new-co)ner.
tilkomu-lauss, a. of no consequence;
-m.atSr, m. neiv-co77ier.
til-kvama, f. = -koma ; -kvset5i, n.
addressing 07ie in verse ; -kv8Bm.d, f.
consequence, i7}iporta7ice.
tilkvaBmdar-inatSr, m. a person of
consequence or i7nportance.
til-lag, n. (i) help, contribution ;
(2) counsel, advice ; -laga, f. = -lag.
tillaga-far, a. rese7'ved in counsel ;
-g6t5r, a. well-disposed; -g66r inna
stcerri m^la, a good cou7isellor in im-
portant 77iatters; -illr,a. evil-disposed,
interfering in a hostile way.
til-lat, n. co77ipiiance ; -latsamr, a.
yielding \ -latsemi, f. co77ipiiance ;
-leit5ing, f. induce7nent ; -leitinn, a.
= dleitinn ; -leitni, f. atte77ipt ; -lit,
n. (i) glance, look ; illt -lit, a dis7nal
look ; (2) opi7iion ; -lokkan, f. allure-
ment ; -lotning, f. reverence ; -lysti-
ligr, a. desirable ; -laeti, n. deference ;
hafa -laeti vi6 e-n, gera e-m -laeti, to
show deference to ; -mseli, n. (i)
clai7n (eiga rdtt -masli til Noregs) ;
(2) request ; -raun, f. trial, expe7'i-
7nent (gera -raun) ; -ra5, n. onset ;
veita e-m -raS, to assault one ; -run-
ning, f. clearing the way for a thing;
a,f -running e-s, by one's efforts ;
-reetSi, n. (i) assault ; veita e-m
-rasSi, to assatdt ; (2) boldness, dar-
ing (mun OSS sigrs verSa audit, ef oss
skortir eigi pra ok -rcedi).
tilraetSis-matSr, m. a da7'ing man.
til-roe c5a, f. discussion, consultation
{i.hr var mjok long -roeSa um {^at mal);
-setning, f. arrange7ne7it; -sigling,
f. shipping to a place ; -sjd, -sj6, f.
atte7ition, care, supervision ; -skip-
at5r, pp. fixed, appointed ; -skipan,
f. arrange77ient, disposition ; -skyld-
an, f. ( I ) one's deserts, due ; (2)
co77ipulsion; -sloegja, f., -sloegr, m.
profit, = sloegr; -sokn, f. (i) crowd-
ing ; (2) attack ; -spurn, -spurning.
TIIi-STADA
[437]
TIDKA
f. hearings intelligence ; -statSa, f.
condition, state, circumstattces; -atilli,
n., -stilling, f. vianageinent. agency ;
af J)inu -stilli, by thy guidance ;
allgott -stilli um malaferli, successful
conducting of suits.
tilstillingar-maSr, m. abettor^ in-
citer (uvinrinn ok hennar -ma6r).
til-stotS, f. assistance, help ; -stofn-
an, f. causing (var6 J)etta mjok af
-stofnan Hallmundar) ; -stundan,
f. inducement, exertion ; -styring, f.
= -stilli ; -syndum, adv. in appear-
ance, to look on (fagr -syndum) ;
-syni, n. look-out, view ; -synis, adv.,
-synum, adv. = -syndum ; -syala,
f. management; -sogn, f. info?-ma-
tion, guidance ; -tak, n. a laying hold
of; gofir -taks, good to resort to ;
-taka, f. = -tekja.
tiltaka-goSr, a. good to aid, = g63r
tiltaks ; -samr, a. busy, active.
til-tala, f. ( I) proportion ; eptirrdtt-
ri -tolu, in due proportion ; (2) claim,
=B -masli, -kail (eiga -tolu til rikis) ;
-tekja, -tekt, f. {one's) doings or pro-
cedure (t)a grunaQi mjok um -tekjur
jarls) ; -teyging, f. inducement;
-toeki, n. = -tekja ; -toekiligr, a. ex-
pedient (konungr spurSi hann at, hvat
-toekiligast vasri) ; -toekr, a. (i) liable
to be seized (draspr ok -toekr, hvar sem
hann verSr staSinn); (2) ready at hand,
ready for use (svd at t)egar vasri sverd-
it -toeict, er hann vildi) ; -verki, m. (l)
desert, merit ; (2) action, deed ; -verk-
nat5r, m. = -verki ; -vik, n. circjim-
stance ; -viaan, f. guidance, direction,
instruction ; -vfsning, f. = -visan ;
-SBtlan, f. intention, putpose ; -oesk-
ing, f. adoption.
tilcBskingar-sonr, m. adopted son.
tim.br, n. (l) titnber (hann ha.Si
Idtit hoggva i skogi t.) ; (2) a set
of forty skins.
timibra (atS), v. to build (t. hus).
tirabr-hogg, n. felling of titnber ;
-stofa, f. hall of timber; -stokkr,
m. timber-stock, beam ; -veggr, m.
wooden wall.
tin, n. tin ; -diskr, m. tin plate.
tindottr, a. toothed, spiked.
tindr (-s, -ar), m. (i) spike, tooth
of a comb ; (2) mountain-peak (fjall-
tindr).
tingl, n. ornamental headpiece (on a
ship) ; roa tinglit, ? to wag the head.
tin-knappr, m. tin-knob.
tinna, {.flint (taka eld me6 tinnu).
tin-smitSr, m. tinsmith.
titlingr, m. sparrow.
titra (atS), v. to twinkle ^ wink (hann
titrar augunum).
titull, m. (l) dot, abbreviation ; (2)
inscription; (3) evetit, incident.
tits (pi. -ir), f. (i) time ; langa (skam-
ma) ^.,for a long {short) while; also
as masc. in phr.,i J)ann (<?rt)enna) ti6;
(2) hotir (a niundu t. dags) ; (3) plur.
divine service, prayers (syngja ti6ir) ;
fylgja ti5um, fara (scekjaj til ti6a, to
attend divine sej^vice.
tit5a ("ddi, -tt), v. impers., e-n tidir,
to long for, wish ; mik fara tiSir, /
long to go ; refl., ti6ast, to be in use.
titSa-bok, f. breviary ; -foerr, a. able
to sing prayers ; -for, f. chttrch-going;
-g0rt$, f. divine service ; -hald, n.
performance of tidir ; -heyrn, f. the
hearing of divine service; -kaup, n.
a priest's salary ; -lausa, a. without
tiQir ; -matSr, m. wo^ shipper ; -ofFr,
n. = -kaup ; -skipan, f. arrange?nent
of divine service ; -sokn, f. = -for ;
-veizla, f. = -g0rQ.
tit5-hjalat, pp. n. much spoken of
(-hjalat um e-t) ; gera ser -hjalat vi6
e-n, to converse often with one.
tiSinda-lauss, a. void of news, with-
out incident (eptir um sumarit var kyrt
ok -laust) ; -pati, m. loose rumour ;
-saga, f. a rep 07't of tidings ; -spurn,
f. hearing of news ; -sogn, f. report ;
-vaenligr, a., -vsBnn, a., fraught with
great tidings.
ti'Sindi, n. pi. tidings, news, events ;
J)u skalt eigi kunna frd tiSindum at
segja, thou shall not be left alive
to tell the tale; gerast (verda) til
tidinda, to happen, occur (ver6r ekki
til tiSinda) ; mun {jetta vita tiflinda,
this forebodes great tidings ; er J)etta
var tiSinda, when this happened.
titSis, adv., in the phrase, vita, hvat
t. var, to know what was the news.
tiSka (aS), v. to be wont (hefi ek eigi
TIDKAN
[438]
TJALD
tfSkat at taka vi6 J)ess hdttar mon-
num) ; refl., tiSkast, to be in use, be in
vogue (sem nu tekr mjok at tidkast) ;
t. e-m, to become dear to ; hann ti3ka6-
ist Mariu, he courted M.
ticSkan, f. eagerness ; e-m er t. d e-u,
one is eager for.
tiS-latr,a. eager ; -leikr,m. {\)PopU'
larity (fd -leik ok metnad af verkum
sfnum) ; (2) "pX. friendly intercourse ;
vera i -leikum vid konu, to go a court-
ing ; -liga, adv. eagerly^ greedily ;
-ligr, a. tetnporal^ = stundligr.
tiSr (tiS, titt), a. (i)freguent, usual,
customary (knattleikar voru J)d tifiir) ;
(2) often spoken of noted, fa?nous {i.
jDeim tidum var A. biskup mjok t. ok
kgaetr); t. 2i\^yb\i, popular -, (3) dear,
beloved ; i Gymisgordum ek sa ganga
m^r tiSa mey, a tnaid I love ; J)a si.
Olvir Solveigu ok gerSi ser um titt,
and courted her', |>. gerSi s^r titt vi6
Bjorn, Th. courted B's friendship\ (4)
eager {peim var titt heim at fara) ; nu
er honum titt til sins matar, he is
eager to get his food \ hann kva6 s€r
titt um ferSina, he said he was eager
logo', (5) neut., sa Jia, hvat titt var,
what had happened-, (6) titt, as adv.
frequently, quickly (konungr hjo titt
ok hart) ; sem tidast, at once, with
all speed (pair reru i brott sem tiSast) ;
aldri tiSara, never more (geng ek aldri
tifiara J)ess erendis).
tiS-roekinn,a. often attending service.
titS-roett, pp. n., = -hjalat; J)eim
var -roett, they talked often together,
tit5ska, f. custom, fashion (J)at er t.
at binda monnum helsko).
tit5u-liga, adv. frequently, = tiSum.
ticSum (dat. pi. from * tiSr '), adv.
frequently, often (J)eir leggja spj6tum
bas6i hart ok t.) ; = titt.
titSungr, m. a full-grown bull,
tiS-virkr, a. eager for worky in-
dustrious.
ti-faldr, a. tenfold (-fold tala).
tima (-da, -t), v. (i) only with a
negative, t. eigi,/*? be reluctant, grudge
(hann timdi eigi at gefa monnum
sinum mat) ; (2) e-n timir e-t, it be-
falls one ; (3) refl., timast, to happen
to one, befall one.
tima-dagr, m. day of bliss ; -hald, n.
chronology ; -land, n. land of good
luck ; -lauss, a. luckless ; -leysi, n.
lucklessness ; -liga, adv. tijnely, early ;
-ligr, a. temporal ; -samliga, adv.
successfully.
timi, m. ( i) time ; eptir tima liSinn,
after a little thne ; i J)ann tima, at
that time ; fyrstan tima, er ek var h6r,
the first time that I was here ; (2 ) time,
fit time (J)eim J)6tti t. til at ganga a
fund konungs) ; k hoefiligum tima, in
due time ; i tima, betimes ; (3) good
luck, prosperity (gangi per allt til tirs
ok tima).
tina (-da, -dr), v. (i) to pick (hann
tindi upp guUit) ; (2) to cleanse (t.
korn) ; (3) fig. to recount, narrate
(engi tunga ma t., hversu mikit gott
konungrinn veitti sinum monnum) ;
(4) refl., tinast, to go one by one (baS
jarl sina menn t. undan).
tirar-for, i. glorious journey, -hond,
f., in the phrase, taka -hendi d e-m, to
treat one with distinction.
tirr (gen. tirs and tirar), m. glory^
renown {gobs hofum tirar fengit).
ti-roeSr, a. (i) decimal, opp. to
' tolfrceSr ' ; tvau hundruS -roe6, = 200;
(2) a hundred years old (honum 61st
sonr, J)a er hann var -roeSr) ; (3)
measuring a hundred fathoms (eld-
husit var -roett at lengd).
titt, adv., see * ti6r '.
tiu, card. numb, ten ; tiu tigir, a
hundred.
tiund, f. (i ) the tenth part ; (2) tithe.
tiunda (a^), v. (i) to pay tithes ; (2)
to give a tithe of{\.. fe sitt) ; (3) to levy
a tithe on.
tiunda-mal, n. a suit refer?-i?ig to
tithes.
tiundar-fe, n. tithe-money ; -gjald,
n. payment of a tithe ; -g0rS, f, tithe-
fixing, setting the tithe ; -hald, n.
holding back the tithe', -heimta, f.
claifning the tithe ; -mal, n. = tiunda-
mdl ; -vara, f . tithe goods.
tiundi, ord. numb, the tenth.
tivar, m. pi. gods.
tivorr, m. god (poet.).
tizka, f. custom, = tiSska.
tjald, n. (i) tenty on land or on ships,
TJALDA
[439]
TORP
esp. when in harbour; bregfia tjold-
um, to take down {strike) the tents;
(2) hangini^s, tapestry.
tjalda (atS), v. (i) to pitch a tent (pat
var annarr sidr J)eira at t. aldri d skip-
urn); (2) to hang with cloth or tapestry
(Mt f>yri t. hollina gram vadmdlum).
tjald-dss, m. tent-pole \ -bu5, f.
tent-booth, the Tabernacle ; -dyrr, f.
pi. tent-doors \ -kula, f. tent-knob ;
-lauss, a. tentless, in open air.
tjaldr, m. oyster-catcher (bird),
tjald-skor, f. the edge of a tent.
tjalds-nagli, m. (i) tent-peg \ (2)
peg to which hajtgings are fastened.
tjald-statSr, m. place for pitching a
tent ; -steinn, m. a rock looking like
a tent ; -stokkr, m. tent-block \
-stuSill, m., -stong, f. tent-pole.
tjalds-tronur, f. pi. ient-fratne.
tjald-vi^ir, m. pi. wooden frame of a
tent or tabernacle.
tjara, f. tar (svartr sem t.).
tjarga (atS), v. to tar.
tjasna, f., a kind oipeg.
tjd (t6, t6§a, t^Sr ; later tjdi, tjdt$a,
tjdc$r), \.{i) to show, exhibit ; er hon-
um er teS sverS, when the sword is
shown him ; t. e-t fyrir e-m, to show
it to one ; (2) to tell, report, relate (J)a
hluti, er Jjar g0r6ust, te8a ek J)er i
fyrra brdfi) ; Gunnarr tjaSi, hversu
vel J)eim hafSi farit, G. told how well
they had behaved ; also, t. e-t fyrir
e-m (hann tja6i fyrir konu sinni, at
Hrafn vasri uskapgccfr) ; (3) to show^
grant ; t. e-m goSvilja, to show one a
kindness ; (4) with gen., t. eigi tanna,
' not to show the teeth ', to take no food
(vi6 t)essi ti6indi ugladdist mjok G.
konungr, svd at hann tjaSi eigi tanna);
(5) to be of use, boot, avail, =tj6a,
tyja, tceja (fjorir sa, at t)a mundi ekki
t. at leyna) ; (6) as an auxil. verb ; sol
ter sortna, the sun grows dark.
tjoa (acS), V. to avail, = tjd 5.
tjotSr, n. tether (hestr 1 tj63ri).
tjoSra (a(5), v. to tether.
t3 on, n . an d f . ^<:i w rt^<?,/^.f J (gera e-m t. ).
tjonacSr, m. help, assistance (me6
tjonaSi liSsmanna hans).
tjon-samr, a. losing heavily •
tjuga, f. pitch- fork.
tjugari, m. poet.^^j/r^j.?r(tung]st.),
tjugu-skegg, n. fork-beard, a nick-
name (of King Sveinn of Denmark).
tjorgatSr, pp. tarred.
tjorn (gen. tjarnar, pi. tjarnir), f.
(1) tarn, small lake ; (2) pool (hann
kenndi, at t. var d golfinu).
tjoru-pinnr, m. tar-pin.
toddi, m. bit, piece, slice.
tog, n. rope, line, cord ; hafa (leiSa)
hest 1 togi, to have a led-horse.
toga (atS), V. (i) to draw, pully
stretch (sidan togar hann d honum
tunguna) ; t. af e-m, to draw the shoes
and stockings off a person ; fara sem
foetr toga, to run as hard as one can
go', (2) refl., togast or hondum e-m,
to be drawn out of one's hands ; t. vi6
fast, to pull hard ; t. vi6 aldr, to pull
against old age, grow old (ekki muntu
vi6 aldr togast).
togan, f. d?'awing, pulling.
tog-drdpa, f. a drdi^a. composed in a
special metre called ' toglag *.
toginn,pp. ^r^jT^^w (enntogni hjorr).
tog-lo^, f. a body of twelve.
togna (at5), v. to be stretched', dagr
tekr at t., the day begins to lengthen,
tolla, V. to cleave to, hang fast,
tolla (aS), V. to toll, take toll.
tollr (-S, -ar), m. toll, dtity, tax
(Islendingar skulu engi toll gjalda i
Noregi nema landaura).
toppr, ( I ) /////, lock of hair, forelock ;
(2) top ; t. siglu, mast-top, mast-head.
topt or tupt, f. ( I ) * toft ' , homestead ;
SkaQi byggvir fornar toptir fo5ur, S.
dwells in her father''s old home', (2) a
place marked out for a house or build-
ing (skyldi I)ar vera kaupstaSr ; hann
gaf monnum toptir til at gera ser J)ar
hus) ; (3) the mere walls or founda-
tions of a {former) building (ut me6
firdinum eru vic5a toptir).
tor-, an inseparable adverbial prefix
in compds., opp. to ' au5- ' ; -breyti-
ligr, a. very diffi,cult', -breyttr, a.
= -breytiligr (-breyttr vegr) ; -bcEnn,
a. hard to move by prayer ; -boettr,
pp. hard to make good again.
tord-yfill, m. dung-beetle.
torf, n. (i) turf, sod (h6f3u Danir
gert borgarvegg af grjoti, torfi ok
TORFA
[440]
t6mr
viSum) ; (2) turf for fuel, peat ; grafa
t., to dig peat.
torfa, f. turf slice of sod.
torf-bdss, m. a shed to keep peat\
-bingr, m. a pile of turfs or peat.
tor-fenginn, -fengr, a. hard to get \
-fluttr, pp. difficult to carry.
torf-foeri, n. pi. tools for cutting
sods and peat ; -grof, f. peat-hole ;
-hraukr, m. peat-stack ; -hrip, n.
turf-pannier, peat-basket \ -kaat, n.
pelting with sods ; -krokr, m. a kind
of box to carry peat and sods ; -leikr,
m. ^ turf-game \ pelting with sods;
-mor, m. turf-moor \ -naust, n. a
ship-shed built of turf \ -skeri, m. an
implemefit for cutting sods or peats ;
-skurtJr, m. cutting turf or peat]
-stakkr, m. peat- stack.
torf-vic5r, m. = tyrvi, tyr-vi6r.
tor-fyndr, a. difficult to find; -foera,
f., -foeri, n. a difficult, dangerous pas-
sage; -foeriligr, -foerr, a. hard to pass.
torf-0x, f. axe for cutting turf
torg, n. 7narket, mart, market-place
(hann var uti staddr a torgi).
tor-gaBtr,a. hard to get, rare; -kenna
(-da, -dr), v. to disguise; -kenndr,
pp. hard to recognize ; -kenning, f.
disguise; -lei(5i, n. = -foera; -merki,
n. difficulties ; telja -merki d e-u, to
raise difficulties about ; -moetSi, f.
rancour ; -nasnir, a. hard to learn.
torrek, n. {severe) loss.
tor-reyfiligr, a. difficult ; -rsBki, n.
misfortune ; -sottligr, a., -sottr, pp.
hard to overcot)ie, or to come at ; of
things, hard to perfor?n ; -sveigc5r,
pp., -aveigr, a. hard to sway or bend;
-synn, a. hard to see ; -soekiligr, a.
=» -sottligr; -saBr, a.= -synn; -talinn,
pp. hard to count; -tima (-da, -t), v.
to destroy, kill (honum mdtti hvorki
-tfma gllgi ne virgill) ; -trygS, f.
doubly suspicion, incredulity ; hafa
-trygS i. e-m, to suspect ; -tryggiliga,
adv. suspiciously ; -tryggiligr, a.
doubtful, suspiciotis ; -tryggja (-t5a,
-tSr), V. to mistrust, suspect ; -trygg-
leikr» vi. distrust ; -tryggligr, a.
= -tryggiligr ; -tryggr, a. doubtful,
incredulous (hann er svd -tryggr, at
hann triiir engum manni).
toru-gastr, a., older form ■= torgaetr.
tor-unninn, pp. hard to overcoine ;
-velda (-Ida, -Idr), v. to make difficult
(-velda e-t fyrir ser).
torvelda-laust, adv. without diffi-
culties (komast -laust yfir ana).
tor-veldi, n. and f. difficulty ; -veld-
ligr, -veldr, a. hard, difficult (t)6tti
honum -velt at retta Jjeira hlut) ;
-vir(5r,a. difficult to estimate; -t)eystr,
pp. ha7'd to stir ; -t)reytiligr, a. diffi-
cult to perform ; -8Bri, n. bad season,
famine, = hallccri.
toskr, m. tusk, in ' Rata-toskr *.
to, f. grassy spot among cliffs
(gammrinn settist i to eina, er var f
bjorgunum).
to, n. wool ; vinna to, to card or dress
wool (konur unnu to a daginn).
tol, n. pi. tools (gerSu I)eir hamar ok
tong ok steSja ok t)a3an af oil tol onnur).
tola-kista, f. tool-chest.
tolf, card. numb, twelve.
tolf-eyringr, m. a twelve- ounce
ring ; -feSmingr, m. a space twelve-
fathom squar-e ; -greindr, pp. divided
ifito twelve ; -menningr, m. a com-
pany of twelve, at a banquet; -roetSr,
a. consistifig of twelve te?ts ; -roett
hundraS, a duodeci??tal hundred, 120,
tolftar-kvitSr, m. = tylftar-kviSr.
tolfti, ord. numb, the twelfth.
tolf tungr, m. the twelfth part.
tolf-vetr, a. twelve years old',
-aBringr, m. a twelve-oared boat;
-serr, a. twelve-oared.
torn, n. leisure ; Aron kvad mi eigi
t. at J)vi, A. said there was no time
{leisure) for that ; i tomi, at leisure ;
leika i tomi vid, to allow oneself ti?ne,
take one's time (hann sd hvert rad, er
bezt gegndi, ef hann l^k 1 tomi vi5) ;
i g66u, oernu tomi, at good, ample
leisure ; af tomi, by and by.
tom-latr, a. slow, leisurely (eigi
v6rut)ernu -Mtir, Islendingar) ; -liga,
adv. slowly, leisurely ; -lasti, n. slow-
ness, leisureliness (^eir sogdu {>orleif
mjok islenzkan fyrir -lasti sitt).
tomr, a. ( 1 ) empty ; me3 tvasr hendr
tomar, empty-ha7id£d ; (2) vain, 77iere,
idle (vera kann at petta s^ eigi tom
ord, er {)u talar nu).
T6M-STUKrD
[441]
TR1&-KYLPA
tom-atund, f. leisure-hour^ leisure
(gefiS m^r -stund til rdda-gerflar) ; Ijd
e-m -stundar, to ^ve one time.
tona (at5), v. to set in tunes.
toni, tonn, m. musical sound, tone.
tora (-t5a, -t), v. to vegetate, have a
mere existence (Idtid J)a t. at eins).
tratSar-veggr, m. wall of a tro5.
tratJk, n., traSkr, m. a trodden spot.
traf, n., only in pi. ^ X.x'6{\ fringe \
hon hafdi knytt um sik blasju ok voru
i mork bid, ok trof fyrir enda, a ker-
chief with blice inarks or stripes and
fringes at the ends.
trafiSr, pp. tattered^ ragged.
traktera (atS), v. (l) to treaty (2) to
entertaift (t. e-n vel ok herliga).
tramar, m. y>^. fiends, demofis.
trana, f., trani, m. crane (bird).
trapiza, f. table (t. st65 i. golfi).
trauS, f., in the phrase, vi6 t. ok
naud, with great difficulty,
trauSa (a$), v. to fail, be wanting,
trauc5-la, -liga,adv. scarcely ^ hardly,
-mdl, n. hard words.
trauSr,a. unwilling, loath, reluctant
(t. mun ek af hendi at Idta sveit J)essa) ;
neut., trautt, scarcely, = traudla (til
{)ess munu menn trautt vita dcemi).
traust, n. (i) help, protection, sup-
port (hingat em ek kominn at soekja
heilrasdi at J)er ok t.) ; ek hefi litit t.
undir mer, small power, authority ;
(2) firmness, confidence (ver megum
med minna trausti um tala) ; hafa
(bera) t. til e-s, to dare, venture (veit
ek eigi vdn peira manna, er t. muni
hafa at brjota orS konungs).
traust-lau3s, a. withotit protection,
helpless', -leiki, m. strength, firmness ;
-liga, adv. firmly, confidently ; -ligr,
a. safe^ to be relied on.
traustr, a. (i) trusty, fir 7n, strong;
(yEsirnir kv66u ' silkibandit* vera
nokkuru traustara en likindi J)cetti
d) ; (2) fig., eigi var traust, at eigi
fyki steinar i. skipin, it was not free
from it\ (3) confident.
tr6 (pi. tre, gen. tija, dat. trjdm), n.
(l) tree (hoggva t. i skogi) ; eigi fellr
t. vi6 it fyrsta hogg, the tree falls not
at the first stroke ; (2j the mast of a
ship J = siglutr^ (d skipi Munans
brotnaSi treit) ; (3) tree^ rafter, beam,
cf. * 1? ver- tre ' ; (4) the seat of a privy.
tre-borg, f. wooden fort \ -bru, f.
wopdefi bridge,
tret5ja (tre8, tradda, traddr), v. to
tread down, trantpie.
tre-drumbr, m. log {of wood),
trefill, m. tatter, rag.
treflugr, a. tattered, ragged.
tr6-f6tr, m. wooden leg (ganga vifi
-fot) ; also as a nickname.
trefr, f. ^^X. fringes, = trof.
trega (pres. tregr, pret. tregcSi),
irreg. v. to grieve; fjold er J)at, er fira
tregr, many are the woes of man ; hvi
tregr-at ykkr teiti at msela, how can
ye bear to speak words of cheer ?
trega (aS), v. to grieve (marga menn
tregadi mjok andlat t>orldks biskups) ;
to bring grief upon (munadar-riki
hefir margan tregat).
trega-fuUr, -samligr, a. mournful.
tregSa, f. reluctance, unwillingness ;
hafa tregSur i at gera e-t, to be un-
willing to do a thing.
tregcSu-laust, adv. without cavity
willingly.
tregi, m. (i) difiiculty, reluctance \
hafa enga trega i m^lum t)essum, to
raise no difficulties in these suits ; (2)
grief, woe (me6 tarum ok trega) ; svd
fellr mdr {)etta nasr um trega, at, this
grieves me so much that.
treg-liga, adv. (i) with difficulty,
(2) reluctantly, unwilliftgly (Brusi
gekk -liga at ollu sdttmdli) ; (3)
moodily (gekk hon -liga a t^i sitja) ;
-ligr, a. slow, reluctant (f>. var heldr
-ligr 1 fyrstu) ; it -ligasta, with the
greatest diffictdty.
tregr, a. unwilling, reluctant (Hrafn
var inn tregasti at bregSa flokkinum) ;
tardy, slow (t. til ssetta) ; neut., tregt
=» tregliga ; mun honum Jjat tregt
veita, it will go hard with him,
treg-rof, n. tale of woe.
tre-gut5, n. wooden idol ; -hafr, m.
wood-buck ; -bus, n. wooden house ;
-hvalf, n. wooden vault; -holl, f.
wooden hall ; -kastali, m. = -borg ;
-kefli, n. wooden stick; -ker, n.
wooden vessel; -kirkja, f. wooden
church; -kumbr, m. log; -kylfa, f.
TRil-KOTTR
[442]
TRU
wooden club ; -kottr, m. mouse- trap ;
-lausa, a. treeless \ -ligr, a. wooden^
of wood \ -lurkr, m. wooden cudgel \
-inat$r, m. wooden man,
tr6na (a5), v. to become hard and
woody ^ of a tree or plant-stem.
tr6-nit5, n. the carving on a post of
a person^ s likeness in an obscene pos-
ture ; -reiSi, m. wooden equipments
(masts, oars, etc.) ; -rsefr, n. wooden
roof or shed \ -saumr, m. wooden
nails (skip seymt -saumi).
tresk, n. hair, tresses (poet.).
tr6-skrin, n. wooden shrine\ -snii^r,
m. craftsman in wood, carpenter \
-smiSi, n. wood-work, ca7p entry ;
-apann, m. chip ; -stabbi, -stobbi,
m. log of wood, tree-stump ; -stokkr,
m. block of wood \ -stolpi, m. wooden
pillar ; -stubbi, = -stobbi ; -toppr,
m. top of a tree\ -virki, n. wood-
work (brann allt -virkit).
treyja, f. (i) jerkin (fara f treyju) ;
(2) war-jacket (hann hafSi g65a brynju
ok styrkja treyju).
treyju-blat5, n. flap of a jacket.
treysta (-sta, -str), v. (i) to make
trusty, make strong and safe {Hoskuldr
treysti mundrida i skildi) ; (2) to make
firm (t. vin^ttu e-s) ; t. herinn ok
eggja, to encourage and exhort the
troops ; (3) to try the strength of a
thing with the hand (hann treysti
' silkibandit' me3 handa-afli ok slit-
naSi eigi) ; (4) to trust to, rely on (t.
e-m or t. d e-n) ; (5) /<? dare, venture
(nu er su old i Noregi, at ek treysti
eigi at halda ykkr her heima me3
mer) ; (6) refl., treystast «= treysta 4
(treystust Numidiumenn betr fotum
en vdpnum) ; = treysta 5 (hann mun
eigi t. o3ru en gora sem ek vil).
tr6-J)ak, n. timber roof\ -or, f.
wooden arrow.
tripla (aS), v. to chant in three
voices (hvarki t. e6a tvisyngja).
trippi, n. a youfig colt (otamit t.).
trjona, f. (i) snout ; (2) pole.
troSa (treS ; tracS, traSum ; troS-
inn), V. (i) to tread \ t. sko, to wear
out shoes ; t. e-n undir fotum, to tread
one under foot ; t. stafkarlsstig, to
wander as a beggar \ (2) to cram^
pack, stuff (into a receptacle), with
dat. (J)dr var 1 hanzka tro6it) ; (3) to
stop, cram with, t. e-t e-u (hann treflr
belginn lyngvi ok mosa) ; (4) refl.,
troSast, to throng, crowd upon each
other (trofiist eigi svd ^kaft).
trog, n. trough (t. fyllt af slatri).
trog - so^ull, m. trough - shaped
saddle (hann hafSi fornan -soSui).
troll, n. (i) a monstrous, evil-dis-
posed being, not belonging to the
human race (hann var mikill sem t.) ;
t. hafi l)ik, or J)ina vini, the trolls take
thee, or thy friends', (2) a human
being having the nature of a troll.
trolla-gangr, m. troll-haunfings ;
-J)dttr, m. a tale of trolls ; -J)ing, n.
meeting of trolls.
troll-aukinn, pp. ^ troll-eked\ pos-
sessed by a troll ; -domligr, a. belong-
ing to witchcraft ; -domr, m. witch-
craft ; -karl, m. male troll ; -kerling,
-kona, f. female troll ; -menni, n. a
giant -like tnan-, -ri^a, a. indecl.
ridden by a troll, witch - ridden ;
-skapr, m. nature of a troll, witch-
craft (tdlma hei6in.ejans -skap).
trolls-liga, 2iAv.fie?tdishly ; -ligr, a.
troll-like, huge ; -laeti, n. pi. fiendish
howlings (t)etta eru -laeti).
tros, n. leaves and small twigs.
tr6c5, n., trotSa, i.faggot-wood.
tr6t5-vi^r, m. = trod (eldrinn las
skjott -viSinn).
Troju-land, n. the land of Troy.
tro-verskr, a. Trojan.
trumba, f. (l) pipe\ hvann-njola t.,
the stalk of the angelica ; (2) trumpet
(I)eyta trumbu).
trumba (at5), v. to trumpet,
trumbari, m. trumpeter.
trumbu-hljoS, n., -J)ytr, m. sound
{flourish) of trufnpets.
trunsa (aS), v. to turn tip one*s nose
at (t. vi6 e-u).
trutta (a(5), v. to shout trutt, trutt !
or trrrh, as horse-drive? s do.
tru (gen. truar), f. {i) faith, word
of honour (segir Olafr J)at upp a t.
sina, at hann skal l)essa menn ut
leysa) ; (2) religiotis faith, belief {HGlgi
var blandinn mjok 1 t.) ; taka vi6 t.,
to receive the Christian faith.
TRUA
[443]
TRO©
trua (gen. tru), f. = tru ; svA njota
ek tru minnar, {)at veit trua min, in
^ood sooth, upon my word.
triia (trui, trut5a, truat), v. (i) to
believe, with dat. (mundir ^u t. fyrir-
burd pessum, ef Njdll segdi Jjer ?) ; (2)
in a religious sense, to believe ; t. i.
e-n, to believe in (t. d einn gu3) ; (3)
to believe in, trust (meyjar orSum
skyli manngi t.).
truac5r, pp. believing', rett t., ortho-
dox ; truaSir menu, believers.
triian-liga, adv. credibly ; -ligr, a.
credible (Jjotti monnum su sogn -lig).
tniari, m. believer.
tru-bot5, n. preaching the gospel \
-bot, f. reformation i7i faith ; -brogtS,
n. pi. religion.
truSr (pi. -ar), va. juggler.
tru-fastliga, di^v . faithfully ; -fastr,
a. (i) trusty ; {i)firm in the Christian
faith ; -festi, f. faithfrdness, fir7nness
in faith ; -fylgja, t., -bald, n. ob-
servance of the faith ; -kona, f. a
religious, devoted woman ; -lauss, a.
(l) without religious faith; (2) infidel;
•leikr, vcv. faithfulness, fidelity; -leysi,
n. infidelity; -liga, adv. faithfully;
-ligleikr, m. = -leikr ; -ligr, a. (l)
faithful (-lig geymsla) ; (2) safe, to be
relied on ; ve5r er -ligt, the weather
bids fair ; (3) credible ; -litill, a. weak
in faith ; -lofa (atS), v. (i) to pledge
one's faith; (2) to betroth (-lofa ser
konu) ; -lofan, f. (i) pledging 07ie's
faith ; (2) betrothment, of lovers ;
-lyndi, n. faithfuhiess; -lyndr, a.
faithful, true, trusty ; -maSr, m. a
true believer, good Christian ; -raikill,
a. strong in faith, believing,
trmiat5ar-ei(5r, m. oath of allegiance;
-fullr, a. faithful, trusty ; -hylli, f.
allegiance ; -kona, f. confidatite ;
-matSr, m. confidant ; -mdl, n. confi-
dence ; -roeSur, f. pi. confide7ttial talk ;
-tomr, a. void of faith ; -traust, n.
protection, security; -vin, m.co77fiden-
tial frie7id.
trunatSr (gen. -ar), m. (i) trust,
good faith (var J)etta sdttmal bundit
me3 fullum trunaSi) ; ganga i trunaS
fyrir e-n, to beco7ne bound for another,
go security for one ; (2) faithfulness
(halda man ek vi3 Jjik fullum trunafii) ;
(3) trust, confidence ; festa, leggja
trunaS i, e-t, to give credence to ; eiga
trunad undir e-m, to have confidence
{faith) in one ; hafa trunad d e-m, to
place co7tfidence in 07ie ; (4) confidence y
secret; til hvers reidt t^u til lyings, ef
J)u vill eigi segja mer truna6 pinn, if
thou wilt 7iot tell 7ne thy secret ; segja
e-m e-t af trunaSi, in co7ifidence,
secretly; msela trunaS fyrir e-m, to
speak in confidence to one.
trur (tru, trutt),a. (i) true, faithful
(t. skal ek J)er i r^6um) ; (2) safe ; er
eigi trutt, at, // is not quite safe that,
quite free frofn it (er eigi trutt, at mer
hafi eigi 1 skap runnit sonar-dau3-
inn) ; (3) believing (t. a gu6).
tru-rof, n. breach of faith ; -rofi, m.
breaker of one's faith ; -rcekinn, a.
religious ; -skapr, m. faithfulness ;
-skjoldr, m. shield of faith ; -svikari,
m. traitor.
tryg^a-eiSr, m. oath of fidelity;
-mal, n. pi. for77mla for 7naki7tg a
truce ; -rof, n. breach of truce.
tryg§arofci-ma(5r, m. truce-breaker.
tryg(5ir, f. pi. plighted faith, sworn
truce (svikja e-n 1 trygQum).
tryggi-ligr, a. safe, to be relied on.
trygging, f. security, assurance.
tryggja or tryggva (-t5a, -Sr), v. to
make fir7n and trusty (trygdu J)eir
f>6rir t)d sasttir me3 ser).
trygg-leikr, m. = truleikr ; -liga,
adv. scfe ; -ligr, a. s=: tryggiligr.
tryggr (ace. -van and -an), a. (i)
trusty, faithfd, true (t. i trunaSi) ;
{2)withoid apprehension, safe (jotnum
t)6tti eigi tryggt at vera med Asum
griSalaust).
trygill, m. a little trough.
trylla (-da, -dr), v. (i) to turn into
troll, enchant (Jjeir trylldu hann svd
at hann var engum mennskum manni
likr) ; (2) to call one a troll ; (3) refl.,
tryllast, to be turned i7ito a troll, to be
encha7ited.
tryni, n. snout (of a dog or bear).
tryta (-tta, -tt), v. to trot abotd.
trdc5 (gen. traSar, pi. tratSir), f. (l)
cattle fold, pe7i ; {2) a lane betiveen
fe7ices, leading up to a homestead.
tr5p
[444]
TVIWNA
tr6f, n. "^X. fringes, see * traf '.
tugla-, gen. pi. from ' tygill ' ;
-mottuU, -skinnfeldr, m. a cloak
fitted with straps.
tugr,m. = tis^r ; hafSi hann ]5rjd vetr
bins fj6r5a tugar, he was thirty-three
years old.
tug-tugti, ord. numb, twentieth, =
tuttugti (vi6 tugtugta mann).
tumba (at$), v. to tutnble.
tundr, n. ti^ider (J)urrt t.)
tundra (atS), v. to catch fire (eldrinn
tundraQi skjott).
tundr-6r, f. tinder-arrow,
tunga (gen. pi. tungna), f. (l)
tongue ; skceSar tungur, evil tongues ;
hafa tungu fyrir e-m, to have a tongue
for a person, be the spokes7nan ; gseti
hann, a6 honum vefist eigi tungan um
hofud, let him take heed that his tongue
do not twist a noose for his own neck ;
(2) tongue, language (JDa skiptust
tungur i Englandi, er Vilhjdlmr bast-
arSr vann England) ; donsk t., the
Danish {Norse) tongue \ (3) tongue of
land (0. nam tungu alia milli Hvitar
ok Reykjadalsdr).
tungl, n. the moon (t. 66 f skyjum).
tungl-dr, n. hmar year ; -fylling,
-fyllr, f. lunation ; -koma, f. new
moon ; -skin, n. moonshine.
tungls-ljoa, n. moonlight.
tungl-tal, n. lunar computation ;
-oerr, a. lunatic ; -old, f. lujtar cycle.
tungna-skipti, n. the confusion of
tongues (at Babel).
tungu-lDragS, n. {motion of the)
tongue, language (mjiikt -bragS) ;
-fimi, f. fluency of tongue ; -fimr, a.
glib, voluble ; -hvass, a. keen-tongued;
-lauss, a. tongueless; -mjiikr, a.
smooth-tongued ; -roetr, f. pi. the roots
of the tongue ; -skorinn, pp. tongue-
cut ; -skoe^i, n. evil use of the tongue ;
-skoeSr, a. evil-tongued ; -snjallr, a.
elogtient; -varp, n. motion of the tongue,
tunna, f. tun, barrel.
turn (pi. -ar), m. tower.
turna (ac5), v. to turn ; t. e-u um, to
turn upside down.
turner a (a$), v. to ride a tourney.
turniment, n. ////, tournament.
turn-reitS, f. = turniment.
turturi, m. turtle-dove.
tuskast (aS), v. refl. to scuffle, tussle.
tutla (at5), V. to push, shove.
tuttr, m. tom-thujnb.
tuttugasti, tuttugti, ord. numb, the
twentieth (a tuttugta ari).
tuttugu, card. numb, twenty.
tulka (a5), V. to interpret ; t. mal
e-s, to plead one's case, be the spokes-
man ; t. fyrir e-m, to be one's inter-
preter (mun ek fylgja J)er til staSarins
ok t. fyrir J)er) ; t. ilia fyrir e-m, to give
one a bad report, bear one bad witness.
tulkan, f . pleading.
tulkari, m. intefpreter.
tiilkr (-S, -ar), m. (i) interpreter
(t. konungs) ; (2) spokesman.
tun, n. (i) a hedged plot, enclosure,
court-yard, ho7nestead; gullu gaess i
tuni, the geese screa77ied in the yard',
(2) ho77ie field, ho7ne 77ieadow (bleikir
akrar, en slegin tun) ; (3) town.
tun-annir, f. pi. hay7naki7ig in the
ho77ie 77ieadow ; -brekka, f . the brink
or edge of a ho7ne 77ieadow ; -garSr,
m. (i) fence of a tun 2 ; (2) = tun i ;
-goltr, m. ho77ie-field boar ; -hlit5, n.
court-gate; -ritSa, f. witch, ghost',
-svin, n. = -goltr ; -vollr, m. home
field (Bjorn var uti k -velii).
tve-falda, -faldr, see *tvi-falda,
-faldr'.
tveir (tv8Br, tvau), card. numb, two ;
hoggva tveim hondum, with both
haTids ; hoggva i tvau, in two, asunder',
tveimr er tveggja hugr, two 7nen two
77iinds ; tveim megin Sldsvikr, on both
sides of Slesvik.
tvenning, f. duality, 1 tvenningu,
in two parts (for flokkrinn optliga i
tvenningu).
tvennr, a. consisting of two different
things or kinds, twofold (tvenn fra-
sogn) ; 1 tvennu lagi, in two parts ;
tvennir, two (d skoginum voru tvennar
leiSir) ; nu ferr tvennum sogunum
fram, two tales now ru7i parallel',
tvennir skor, two pair of shoes ; neut.
tvennt, two things {sides, parts) ; hefir
mer tvennt um synzt, there has seemed
to be two sides to the matter,
tve-vetr, a. two years old,
tvinna (atS), v. to double.
TVINNA-HNODA
[445]
TYLLAST
tvinna-hnot5a, n. a ball of twisted
thread \ -J^rdSr, m. twisted thread.
tvinnr, a. = tvennr.
tvistr, a. hushed, silent (var {)ar allt
tvist ok daprt).
tvistra or tvistra (atS), v. to scatter.
tvisvar or tysvar, adv. twice.
tvi, interj. to express loathing, yf^/
tvi-, twice ^ double, in many compds.;
-angaSr, a. double-forked ; -aukinn,
pp. twofold', -breiSr, a. of double
breadth, of cloth; -burar, m. pi.
twins ; -burur, f. pi. twin-sisters ;
-byli, n. two households on ofie far7n,
a farm with two households ; -droegr,
a. ambiguous ; -dyrcSr, -dyrr, a.
double-doored ', -eggja5r, a. /t^*?-
edged] -elleftr, a. /wz'(:<? eleven, in the
phrase, vera -elleftr, /<? ^<? twenty-two
years old\ -eln, a. two ells broad',
-eyringr, m. a thi^ig worth or weigh-
ing two ou7tces ; -falda (aS), v. to
double ; -faldleikr, m. tzuofoldness ;
-faldr, a. twofold, double ; -foSratSr,
pp. double-lined', -fcBttr, a. /7^/^-
footed ] -gjald, n. double payment',
-gorr, a. double ; -henda (-nda, -ndr),
V. /^ y^wr/ or wield (a weapon) ■z£''z/>^
both hands (hljop Soti enn upp ok
-hendi oxina) ; -hljoSr, m. diphthong ;
-holka^r, pp. 7nounted wit/i a double
ring', -husat5r, pp. double-housed',
-hsBtta, f. dilemma ; leggja d. -hasttu,
to run a risk ; -hof t5a§r, pp. tzuo-
headed ; -kendr, pp. of double mea?t-
ing', -klifa (atS), v. to repeat twice',
-kostr, m, choice between two, alterna-
tive; -kvangatSr, pp. twice married;
-kve(Sa (see kvet5a), v. to refeat ;
-kvenni, n. = -kvaeni ; -kvislatSr, pp.
two-pronged ; -kvssni, n. bigamy ;
-kvsBntr, pp. having two wives at
once, bigamous ; -lemdr, pp. with two
la?nbs ; -litatSr, pp. parti-coloured ;
-lotSinn, a. double-hairy, hairy on
both sides ; -manaSr, m. ' double-
month\ the fifth month of the summer;
-menna (-ta, -t), v. to ride two on one
horse (siSarr var hestinum -mennt) ;
-menning, f. riding two on ofie horse ;
-menningr, m. drinki7ig together in
pairs, two and two (drekka -menning
k e-n, vid e-n) ; -merkingr, m. a ring
of the value or weight of two marks ;
-ni8Bli, n. doubt, discordafit report \
-maBlingr, m. two meals a day.
tvimaelis-lauss, a. undisputed.
tvi-maelt, adv. two meals a day (eta
-maslt) ; -odda^r, pp. two-pointed]
-raBt5i, n. ambiguity.
tviraBSis-ort5, n. ambiguous word.
tvi-r8B(5r, a. ambiguous, doubtful \
-settr, pp. double ; -skalmottr, a.
two-pronged; -skipat5r, pp. double-
seated, in two ranks ; -skipta (-pta,
-ptr), V. to divide into two parts;
refl., -skiptast, to waver; -skipti, n.
division into two parts ; -skiptingr,
m. changeling, idiot; -skiptr, pp. (i)
divided into two parts ; (2) u?icertain ;
(3) of two colours; (4) double (-skipt
brynja) ; -sloegr, a. ambiguous (-slcegr
draumr) ; -syngja (see syngja), v, to
chant double, of two-voiced music ;
-syni, n. uncertainty, doubt; -synn,
a. doubtful, uncertain ; -taka (see
taka), V. to repeat; -tala, f. (i) the
dual number ; (2) the double number ;
-tjan, card. numb, twenty ; -tjandi,
ord. numb, the twe?itieth ; -tugr, a.
(l) aged twenty; (2) ?neasuring
twenty (fathoms, ells).
tvitugs-aldr, m. the age of twenty
tvitug-sessa, f. twenty-oared ship.
tvi-tugti, ord. numb, the twentieth ;
-tyngdr, pp. double-tongued; -vegis,
adv. to and fro (fara -vegis).
tvaB-vetr, a. t'voo winters old.
tyggja (tygg; togg, tuggum ; tugg-
inn), V. to chew (tyggr J)u nokkut ? ek
tygg sol).
tygi, n. gear, harness.
tygil-knifr, m. a knife worn hang-
i7ig on a strap,
tygill (gen. pi. tugla), m. strap,
ba7id (a tuglunum taflpungsins).
tygja (at5j, V. to harness.
tykta (atS), v. to chastise.
tyktan, f. chastise7nent.
tylft (pi. -ir), f. a body {number) of
tivelve, dozen.
tylf^ar-ei(5r, m. an oath of twelve ;
-kviSr, m. a verdict of twelve neigh-
bours ; -kvot$, f. su7n7noning of twelve
neighbotirs.
tyllast (t), V. toga with light step.
TYLIiI-S^TT
[446]
T5TURII
tylli-saBtt, f. a loose, unreal agree-
ment \ -s6k, f. a light, futile charge.
typpa (-ta, -tr), v. to tip, top ; hag-
liga um hofufi typpum, let us wind
the hood neatly about his head.
typta (aS), v. = tykta.
typtu-meistari, m. chasfener, tutor,
tyrfa (-^a, -t5r), v. to cover with turf,
tyri, n. resinous fi7'-tree.
Tyrkir (gen. Tyrkja), m. pi. (i) the
Turks ; (2) the Trojans.
Tyrk-land, n. the land of the Turks.
tyrkneskr, a. Turkish.
tyrvi, n., tyr-vit5r, m., tyrvi-tr6, n.
■s tyri (lokarspasnir af -tr6).
tysvar, adv. twice, = tvisvar.
tyja, f. poet, doicbt.
tyja (tyr, tySi, tyt), v. to avail, =
tceja (hvat man mdr tyja, etc. ?) ; pat
ty6i ekki, // was of no avail.
tyna (-da, -dr), v. (i) to lose, with
dat. (peir tyndu hestunum) ; t. lifi
sfnu, to lose one^s life ; (2) to destroy,
put to death (t. sveininum) ; t. sjdlfum
s^r, to destroy otieself; (3) refl., tynast,
to perish (Hdkon jarl tyndist i hafi).
tyning, f. destruction.
tyni-samligr, a. destructive,
Tyr (gen. Tys), m. the god Tyr.
tys-dagr, m. Tuesday.
tsBla (-da, -dr), v. to entice, entrap.
taBli-grdf-, f. pitfall, = tdlgrof.
taBpi-djarfr, a. timid-, -liga, adv.
sparingly, scantily (launa e-t -liga) ;
-ligr, a. scant, scarce.
t8Bpt, a. neut. scantly, barely ; spjotin
t6ku taept til bans, the spears scarcely
reached him ; Kalfr gekk t)d heldr
taepara, stepped tnore cautiously.
tsera (-c5a, -c5r), v. (i) to consufne,
spend (t. penninga) ; (2) to entertain,
with dat. (konungr tserdi honum vel
ok soemiliga).
toeja (tee, toetSa, tester), v. (l) to
grant, bestow (t. e-m e-t) ; {2) to help,
assist (t. e-m) ; (3) to avail, = tyja
(hvdrki tceSi boen manna n^ febo6).
toeki, n. pi. vtiplenients, outfit.
toeki-ligr, a. due^ proper (d -ligum
tima, 4 -ligri ti5).
toekr, 2.. fair, acceptable (toek vitni).
toela ("da, -t), v. ; t. um e-n, to keep
a person under control.
toema (-da, -dr), v. (i) to empty ;
(2) t. sik til e-s, to give one's leisure
(tom) to, attend to (t. sik til at heyra
gu8s or3) ; (3) refl., e-m toemist arfr,
an inheritance falls vacant to one
(honum toemdist arfr 1 Vatnsdal).
toena^ar-macSr, m. helper.
toenacSr (gen. -ar), m. heip^ assis-
tance (biSja e-n toenaSar).
t6(5u-, gen. from 'ta6a'; -alinn, pp.
fed on infield hay, of a horse ; -annir,
f. pi. the season for mowing the infield
{manured field) ; -gar^r, m. stack-
yard of infield hay ; -goltr, m . home-
boar, = tungoltr ; -verk, n. the 7naking
of hay in the infield ; -voUr, m. a
mamired infield.
tofl, f. piece in a game.
togla (a5), V. to champ, gnaw.
t0gr, m. ten, — tigr.
tok-visi, f. rapacity ; -viss, a. raftx-
cious (-visar hendr).
tolugr, a. well-spoken.
tolu-, gen. from 'tala' ; -list, f. arith-
metic ; -pallr, m. speaker's stand, plat-
form ; -snjallr, a. eloquent ; -sta?5r,
-stoll, m. = -pallr ; -verSr, a. worth
counting, conside?-able.
tol-viai, f. skill ifi numbers, arith-
metic ; -viss, a. skilled in arithmetic.
tong (gen. tangar, pi. tangir and
tengr), f. smith's tongs (taka e-t, nd
e-u, me6 tong).
tonn (gen. tannar, pi. tenn, tennr,
te^r), f. (i) tooth ; glotta um t., or vid
t., to grin scornfully ; rjoda t. i. e-m,
to redden 07ie's teeth on a person, to
do one harm; {2) walrus-tusk -, grafa
t., to carve a tusk.
topun, {.perdition, = tapan.
torgu-, gen. from 'targa'; -buk-
lari, -skjoldr, m. target-shield.
totra-baggi, m. rag-bag-, -bassi, m.
raganiufiin.
totrugr, a. tattered, torn.
toturr (pi. totrar), m. tatters^ rags\
tattered garfnent.
TJQGA
[447]
UM
u
ugga (-t;a, -at), v. (0 to fear ^ sus-
pect (eigi uggi ek broeSr J)ina) ; eigi
uggi (imperat.) pu Isungsbana, /<?^j!r
thou not the slayer of L\ u. ekki (litt,
fdtt) at ser, to apprehend no danger^
be off one^s guard ; er {)at ugganda,
at, it is to be feared that \ (2) impers.,
mik uggir, at, I fear that.
ugg-laus3, z.. fearless, unconcerned \
-laust, adv. no doubty undoubtedly ;
-ligr, a. (1) to be feared (e-t pykkir
-ligt) ; ^2) dotibtful^ questionable (er
J)at -ligt, hvdrt J)u ferr 1 lofi minu).
uggr, m. fear, apprehension \ u. er
mer a, at = mik uggir, at.
ugg-samligr, a. /^ (^<?/^rtr<f^; -visa,
a. doubtful, = uggligr (2).
ugla, f. owl (uglur gular at klom ok
nefi, en svartar at lit).
ull (dat. ullu), f wool.
ullar-lagtSr, m. tuft of wool ; -reyfl,
n. fleece (snjor sem -reyfi vasri).
ull-band, n. woollen yarn ; -hvitr,
a. white as wool (-hvitr i. bar) ;
-kambr, m. wool-comb ; -klaB?5i, n. pi.
clothes of wool', -laupr, m. wool-
basket.
um, older umb, prep, with ace. and
dat.; I. with ace. (l) around (sld
bring um e-n) ; (2) about, all over
(hdrit fell um hana alia) ; um allar
sveitir, all over the country ; mikill
um herQar, large about the shoulders,
broad-shouldered; liggja um akkeri,
to ride at anchor ; (3) of proportion ;
margir voru um einn, many against
one; um einn best voru tveir menn,
two men to each horse ; (4) round,
past, beyond, with verbs denoting
motion (sigla vestr um Bretland) ;
leggja um skut J)essu skipi, to pass by
this ship ; ri6a um tun, to pass by a
place; (5) over, across, along (flytja
e-n um haf) ; kominn um langan veg,
come from a long way off\ ganga um
golf, to cross the floor (but also to
walk lip and dozvn the floor) ; sM, er
la um J)vert skipit, a beam that lay
athwci7t the ship ; um kne s^r, across
the knee ; e-t er bcegt um bond, givei
little trouble, is ready to hand; (6)
of time, during, in the course of {wva.
messuna, um pingit, um sumarit) ;
{)at var um nott, by night; um nastr
sem um daga, by night as well as day ;
lengra en tara megi um dag, in the
course of one day; {7) at a point of
time (hann kom at hoUinni um drykk-
ju) ; um pat, at that time, then ; um
J)at er, when (um pat, er \€x erum
allir at velli lagSir) ; (8) of, about, in
regard to a thing : bera um e-t, doema
um e-t, to bear witness, judge about ;
tala um e-t, to speak of; annast um
e-t, to attend to; svi3r um sik, wise
of oneself; hvdrr um sik, each for
himself; var mart vel um hann, he
had many good qualities ; (9) e-m er
ekki um e-t, one does not like (var
honum ekki um NorSmenn) ; with
infin., honum er ekki um at berjast {
dag, he has no liking to fight to-day ;
er per nokkut um, at v^r rannsokum
pik ok hiis '^\w, have you any objection
that we . . .?; e-m er mikit (litit) um
e-t, one likes it much, little (GuSrunu
var Iitit um pat) ; si., er monnum vaeri
meira um, whom people liked better;
e-m finnst mikit um e-t, one is itiuch
pleased with, has a high opinion of
(konungi fannst mikit um list p£ ok
kurteisi pa, er par var d ollu) ; (10)
because of, for ; ofunda e-n um e-t,
to envy one for a thiftg ; verda utlagr
um e-t. to be fined for a transgression ;
um sakleysi, without cause; (11) be-
yond, above ; margir fengu eigi hlaupit
um rost, more than one mile; hafa
vetr um pritugt, to be thirty-one ; e-m
um afl,um vi\t.gn,beyond one* s strength,
more than one can do (petta mdl er
nokkut per um megn) ; kasta steini
um megn s^r, to overstrain oneself;
um of, too much, excessive (potti morg-
um petta um of) ; um alia menn fram
or um ^ram alia menn, above all men
(hon unni honum um alia menn fram) ;
e-m er e-t um hug, one has no mind
UMA-LAUSS
[448]
UM-IiES
for^ dislikes (ef l)er er nokkut um hug
i. kaupum vi3 oss) ; (12) over^ across ;
detta, falla um e-t, to stutJible over
(fell boandinn um hann) ; (13) by \
draugrinn hafSi ])okat at |»orsteini um
{)rjdr setur, by three seats ; (14) about ;
peir sogQu honum, hvat um var at
vera, what it was about ^ how matters
stood \ hvat sem um pat er, however
that may be ; eiga e-t um at vera, to
be troubled about a thing (lastr sem
hann eigi um ekki at vera) ; var fdtt
um me6 |)eim, they were not on good
ter7ns\ (15) ellipt., ef satt skal um tala,
if the truth must be told\ {)annig sem
atburSr hefir orfiit um, as things have
turned out; (16) as adv., gekk um
ve3rit, veered roioid^ changed \ ri6a
(sigla) um, to ride {sail) by ; langt um,
far beyond^ quite ; fljotit var langt um
ufoert (lireitt), quite impassable ; um
liSinn, passed by^ of time ; i. j)eirri
viku, er um var lidin, in the past week ;
II. with dat. (i) over^ esp. poet. ; sitja
um bor6um = sitja yfir borSum ; s^ es
um verdi glissir, he that gabbles over
a meal; (2) of time, by\ um dogum,
um nottum, by day, by flight] um
sumrum, haustum, vetrum, vdrum, in
the siDnmer, etc. ; um vetrum ok sum-
rum, both wiftter and stmmier.
uma-lauss, a. without {disadvan-
tageous) report (cf. ' umi ').
um-annan, f. care about a thing
(umannan ok forraS stadarins).
umb, prep., see ' um \
um-band, n. bandage (-band um
sdr) ; -bera, v. to bear with (md vera
at J)eir -beri betr vid J)ik) ; -bergis,
prep, and adv. = -hverfis ; -bo5, n.
charge, commission (fd e-m -bo6 sitt).
urabocSs-matSr, m. commissary y
steward (-ma6r biskups, klaustrs).
um-bot, f. (i) 7nending, bettering;
(2) esp. plur. repairs (J)urfa -bota).
unib6ta-ma(5r, m. one who mends
matters (ver Jjurfum -menn).
um-breyta (-tta, -ttr), v. to change,
alter (aldri -breytti hann sinum or5-
um) ; -breyting, f. change ; -brot,
n. pi. violent struggle, convulsion ;
-but5, f. ( I ) apparatus^ equipment ;
(2) arrangement^ preparation (I)eir
toku strengina ok veittu Jjessa -bu3
alia) ; -bunaSr, m. (i) = -bu6 ; (2)
burial (groftr eQa -biinaSr) ; (3) bed',
var honum veittr hoeghgr -bunadr, a
soft bed ; -buningr, m. = -bunaSr ;
outft (var henni veittr -buningr, sem
hon l)urfti at hafa) ; -dyri, n. lintel ;
-doemi, n. adjustment', -dogg, f. poet.,
-dogg arins, ^hearth's dew\ soot',
-fang, n. struggle, bustle.
umfangs-mikill, a. making a great
stir, boisterously active,
um-ferS, f. circuit, round journey.
umferSar-piltr, m. itinerant lad.
um-fram, prep, with ace. (i) above^
beyond (-fram a6ra menn) ; (2) as adv.
besides (tolf menn ok logsogumaQr
-fram) ; ri6a -fram, to ride by ; at
hvdrigir gangi J)ar -fram, trespass be-
yond that ; (3 ) -fram um or of, beyond',
vera -fram of aSra menn , to excel others.
um-gangr, m. {\) a passage round
a building ', (2) management, care.
umgangs-maSr, m., mikill -madr,«
great husbandjnan, good manager.
um-gengi, n. management, care ;
-gerS, f. (i) sheath, scabbard', (2)
mounting, frajne ; -gj6rt5, f. = -gerd ;
-groptr, m. ^digging round\ search-
ing', -gjrrSa (-rSa, -rSr), v. to en-
circle, surround ; -horf, n. a looking
roujid', hversu Jsar var -horfs, how it
looked there ; -hugsan, f. reflection ;
-hverfis, prep, and adv. (l) with ace.
round, all around (settu J)eir li6 sitt
-hverfis borgina) ; (2) as adv., par
-hverfis, allt -hverfis, there about, all
around; -hverfum, prep, and adv.=3
-hverfis; -hyggja, f. care (peir vilja
svipta pik vdrri -hyggju ok forsjd).
umhyggju-lauss, a. neglected \
-laust, adv. carelessly.
umi, m. unfavourable rumour.
um-kast, n. sudden change, con-
vulsion ; -kaup, -keypi, n. exchange,
barter; -kringis, prep, with ace. =
-hverfis; -kringja (-$a, -^r), v. to
surroimd', -kvAeSi, n. term, expres-
sion, wording.
umla (acS), v. to mutter, mumble
(hann umlaSi vi6).
um-leitan, f. a seeking for, negotia-
\ tion (saetta -leitan) ; -les, n. = -lestr.
UMLES-MADR
[449]
UNDAN
umles-mat5r, m. slanderer \ -lestr,
m. slander.
um-liSinn, pp. past, of time ; -liS-
ning, f. course of time \ -mal, n. (i)
circumference ; (2) what is said or
uttered, = -m2E\\\ -merki, n. (i) a
marking out {sti]2. stengr til -merkja) ;
{2) boundary; -merkja (-ta, -tr), v.
to bound, form the boundary of
um-meBli, n.pl. utterances, words
said (Jier skuluQ r^5a ySrum -mcelum);
-msBling, f. circumference ; -mork,
n. pi. = -masli ; -ra5, n. (i) considera-
tion ; (2) guidance, inanageine7it [m^h,
eptir -rdfii e-s) ; (3) pi. deliberation,
consultation ; {)ykkir mer at J)er mikit
traust til -ra5a, for consultation ;
-rds, f. course (-ras solar) ; -renn-
endr, m. pi. marauders ; -renningr,
m. vagrant, marauder; -rsB^i, n.=
-ri.b ; -roecSa, f. discourse, talk ;
-roecSiligr, a. worth mentiofting;
-samning, f. agreement, reconcilia-
tio?t; -sat, f. (i) siege; [i) ambush ^
waylaying (veita e-m -sdt).
umsatar-maSr, m. waylayer.
um-seta, f., -setr, n. siege (-seta Jor-
salaborgar) ; -sitjendr, m. pi. neigh-
bours ; -sja, f. o%!er sight, care, super-
vision (veita e-m -sja).
umsja-lauss, a. unprovided for.
um.-sjar, m. the surrou7tding sea^ the
ocean ; -sj6, -sjon, f. = -sja ; -sjor, m.
= -sjdr ; -skipti, n. change, turn
(-skipti hafa nu ordit) ; -skiptiligr, a.
shif ty , changeful; -skipting, f. change;
-skorning, f., -skurSr, m., -skurn, f.
circumcision; -skyggja(-t$a,-tSr),v. to
overshadow ; -skygn ari, m. outlooker,
scotit ; -snitSning, f. circumcision ;
-snua, V. to overt lirozv ; -spillendr,
m. pi. slanderers, disparagers ; -stilli,
n. guidanccj management ; -svif, n.
activity.
umsvifs-macSr, m. an active man
(hann var -maSr mikill um bu sitt).
um.-sysla, f . occupation, assistance.aid
(het hann sinni -syslu vi6 foSur sinn).
umsyslu-mat5r, m. (i) 7nan of busi-
ness, active 7nan (-mafir mikill) ; (2)
steward, 77ia7iager {ha.nn var pa -maQr
i Reykjaholti) ; -mikill, a. active,
busy (vaen kona ok -mikil).
um-tal, n. talk, conversation (er
hann heyrc5i -tal manna).
umtals-mdl, n. 77iatter of discussion.
um-turna (a(5), v. to turti upside
down, upset; -turn an, f. upsetti/ig;
-vandan, f. repri7uand, admonition ;
-venda (-nda, -ndr), v. to turn about,
change ; -vending, f. co7iversion ;
-vergis, prep, and adv. = -bergis.
ima (uni, unda, unat), v. [\) to be
content in a place (Tumi undi eigi f
Flateyju) ; (2) to dwell, abide, in a
biblical sense (u. i helgum fridi) ; (3)
to e7ijoy, be happy in, conte7tt with a
thi7tg ; peir undu ilia sfnum hlut, they
were 77iuch dissatisfied with their lot;
u. lifi, to enjoy life ; u. vel vi3 xi.h
sitt, to be co7itent with one's lot ; uni
(imperat.) J)u vel vi3, be cofitent ! u.
ser, u. vi3 sik, to be happy, feel at
ease ; u. litt eptir e-n, to feel deeply
the loss {death) of a perso7i.
unaS, n. delight, happiness (J)etta
er Scellifi ok unad heilagra).
unac5-ligr, -samligr, -samr, a. de-
lightful; -samar vistir, a happy home.
unatSs-bot, f. delight (skomm -bot).
unaS-semd, f. char7n, delight.
una^s-ilmr, m. siveet S7nell; -syn,
f. happy sight ; -vist, f . happy home.
und (pi. -ir), f. wound (undir dreyr-
gar) ; cf. * holund ', ' mergund '.
iind, prep, under; see 'undir'.
undacSr, pp. wounded (geiri, sverfii
u.) ; cf. *hjorunda8r'.
undan, prep, with dat. and adv. (i)
fro77i under, fro7n be7teath ; hann hj6
u. honum fotinn, he cut his leg off;
hann spratt upp u. hox^'vcwi, he sprang
up fro77i {sitti7tg at) the table ; hann
spratt upp u. garSinum, fro77i under
the fe7ice ; halda skipum u. landi, to
stand away fro7n the shore ; (2) with-
out motion ; skerit var ut u. firSinum,
the skerry was just off the 7nouth of
the fjord; G. prestr u. Felli, fro7n
Fell; {z)fro7n, away; cnua u. e-m.
to turn away fro7n ; heimta {€ mitt u.
Hruti, to claim my property out of
Hrufs hands ; (4) ahead of, before
(ganga, fara u. e-m) ; (5) as adv.
(hann Isetr fara u. sauSfe pat, erskjar-
rast var) ; komast u., to escape.
Gg
UN"DAK"-BOD
[450]
UNDR
undan-bot^, n., -bo6 iQir, taking in'
vested money out of a pe? son's keep-
ing-, -bragS, n. device, subterfuge;
-drdttr, m. evasion, shirking ; -fertS,
f. means of escape ; -ferli, n. evasion;
-foeri, n.=-fer5 ; -foersla, f. evasion,
pleading one^s i7inocence ; -hald, n.
flight ; -herkjan, f. shirk, subterfuge ;
-koma, -kvdma, f. escape ; -lausn, f.
releasing, redefnption ; -niEBli, n. ex-
cuse ; -rds, f. rufmitig away ; -roSr,
m. rowing away.
undar-liga, adv. wonderfully, extra-
ordinarily, -ligr, a. wonderful, extra-
ordinary^ marvellous.
undir, prep, with dat. and ace. ; I.
with dat. ( I ) under ; J)d. brast i sundr
jorS u. hesti bans, the earth burst
asunder tinder his horse ; pungr u.
drum, heavy to row ; J)eir leita J)eirra
ok finna J)d u. eyju einni, they seek for
thetn and find thetn under an island ;
u. {)eim hesti var alinn EiSfaxi, that
horse was the sire of E. -, (2) fig.
(undir J)eim biskupi eru ellifu hundrud
kirkna) ; eiga u. s^r, to have under
one, in one's power; eiga f^ undir
e-m, to have 7noney in his hands, de-
posited with hi7n ; (3) uftder, depend-
ing on ; 0rlog vdr eru eigi u. or3um
l^inum, our fate does not depend on
thy words \ hann i vin u. hverjum
manni, he has a friend in every jnafi ;
(4) ellipt. or adverbial usages ; voru
Jjau (Njdll ok Bergl)6ra) ubrunnin u.,
they were unbur?ted mtderneath ; me3-
an to6ur manna eru u., whilst the hay
is lying (mown, but not got in) ; ef
I)er poetti nokkut u. um mik, if thou
hadst cared at all for 7ne ; sol (dagr)
er u., the sun {day) is down, U7ider the
horizo7t ; vseri oss mikit u., at ver
fengim liSsinni hans, it were wo7'th
7nuch to US to get his help; II. with
ace. (i) U7tder, underneath, denoting
motion (var settr u. hann stoll); (2)
of time ; hrokk u. miSdegi, it drew
close to 7nidday ; (3) fig. leggja u. sik,
to lay xmder oneself, to subjugate ;
J)j6na u. e-n, to scT^e under one ; J)essa
laxveiSi gaf hann u. kirkjuna, he 77iade
it over to the church ; bera i€ u. e-n,
to bribe one ; leggja virSing konungs
u. vdpn min, to let it depend on my
weapo7is ; ef u. oss skal koma kjorit,
if the choice is to be left with us;
Hjort J)6tti mer Jjeir hafa undir, H.
methought they got under ; ef kona
tekr mann u. bonda sinn, if she be un-
true to her husband; bjoSa fe 1 leigu
u. sik, to offer to pay 7noney for one's
passage.
undir-biskup, m. suffragan bishop ;
-borg, f. suburb; -brot, n. subjuga-
tion, subjection; -bui, m. under-
dweller ; -byrli, m. undej'-cupbearer ;
-djup, n. gulf abyss ; -drattr, m. un-
fair gain ; -drattuU, a. covetous,
7naki?ig unfair gain ; -eldi, n. off-
spri7ig, breed, of animals ; -folk, n.
subjects; -fdrull, a. dealing under-
hand, false; -gefinn, pp. subject;
-gjof, f. subjectio7i ; -grefill, m. tmder-
miner; -groptr, m. under77iining ;
-g0rc5, f. cushion under a saddle;
-heimar, m. pi. the nether world,
lower regions; -hlutr, m. the lowest
part (of a ship) ; -bus, n. the nether
part of a house ; -byggja, f. crafty
cunning, deceitfulness.
undirhyggju-fuUr, a. guilefid,
false ; -lauss, a. guileless ; -leysi, n.
guilelessness ; -ma(5r, m. guileful
7nan ; -samr, a. guileful.
undir-klae^i, n. under-garment ;
-konungr, m. tributary king ; -kurr,
m. secret artifice ; -kyrtill, m. under-
kirtle ; -land, n. province ; -mac5r,
m. subordinate, subject ; -mdl, m. pi.
U7iderha7td dealings, secret stipulation ;
-oka (a(5), v. to subject; -orpinn, pp.
subjected; -prestr, m. subordi7iate
priest ; -rot, f. origin, pri77ie cause of
a thi7ig; -seta, {.pressure, influe7ice ;
-skali, m. under-hall ; -skemma, f.
under-roo7n ; -stacSa, f. ( i ) stand, =
stett (krossme6-sto6um); {2) ground-
work, base; (3) the true sense or
77iea7ii7ig ; -standa, v. to tmderstand,
perceive ; -stokkr, m. tmder-post in
a building ; -stolpi, m. pillar ; -tekt,
f. answer (vitrligar -tektir konungs).
undorn, m. ( i ) 77iid-forefioon, 9 a.m.
(um morgininn at undorni) ; (2) 77iid-
afternoon, 3 p.7n.
undr, n. (i) wonder (brestr svd
UNDRA
[451]
UPP-HAP
mikill, at ollum J)6tti u. at) ; (2) with
the notion of shcune, scandal (J)at var
u. mikit, at hann skyldi liggja fyrir
fotum t)eim) ; gora sik (goiast, verfia)
at undri, to make a spectacle of one-
self, be made a spectacle of
undra (a(5),v, {\) to luoftderat, with
ace. (allir undra ^essa manns afl) ; (2)
impers., mik undrar, it astonishes me ;
(3) refl., undrast e-t, to wonder at
(toru menn ut or hverri bud at u. J)d) ;
u. um e-t, to be astonished at.
undra-maSr, m. wonderful man.
undran, f. wonder, astojtishment.
undranar-ver'5r, a. wonderful.
undr-latr, a. given to wondering^
eager for strange news ; -ligr, a.
wo?ide7ful^ strange ; -samligr, a.
wondrous \ -sjon, f. a wonder to see,
spectacle \ verda at -sjonum = verSa
at undri ; -akapa^r, pp. of portentous
or wonderful shape.
unga-aldr, m., i. -aldri, itt his youth.
ung-barn, n. infa7it\ -f^^n.youfig
cattle, yo2ing stock ; -herra, m. ■=
jungherra ; -hryssi, n. young colt.
ungi, m. the young of a bird.
ung-lamb, n. young lamb ; -leiki,
m. youth ; -ligr, a. youthful ; -ligr i
dsjonu, boyish-looking ; -menni, n.
you7ig man, youth.
ungr (yngri, jmgstr), a.young.
ung-sveinn, m. young lad; -vitSi,
n. young trees.
unna (ann, unna, unnat and
unnt), V. (i ) not to grudge ; to grant,
allow, bestow, u. e-m e-s (Hreid-
marr unni J)eim einskis pennings af
gullinu) ; u. e-m laga, to give one the
benefit of the law, give one a fair trial;
ek ann J)er eigi faSmlagsins Helgu
ennar foL!:ru, I grudge thee the embrace
of H. the Fair ; with infin., hann
unni 0ngum at njota ij^rins nema ser,
he could not bear that any one should
enjoy the moftey but himself', (2) to
love, with dat. (eigi leyna augu, ef ann
kona manni) ; u. e-m hugdstum, to
love one dearly ; J)eim var ek verst,
er ek unna mest, / was worst to him
whom I loved the most ; (3) recipr.,
unnast, to love one another (J)au unn-
ust mikit systkin).
unnandi (pi. -end."), m. lover.
unnasta, f . ( i ) sweetheart ; (2) mis-
tress (ein af unnustum jarls).
unnasti, m. lover, = unnandi.
unnr (gen. -ar, pi, -ir), f. wave.
unn-vorp, n. pi. dashing of waves ;
falla (fella) -vorpum, to fall {kill) in
large numbers.
ununar-samr, a. delightftil (var
{)ar hardla -samt inni).
unz (for ' und es '), conj. till, until
(glaSr skyli gumna hverr, u.sinn bi6r
bana) ; til J)ess unz, until.
upp, adv. (i) up ', u. ok niSr, u. ok
ofan, up and down ; ikorni renn u.
ok ni6r eptir askinum, a sqicirrel
springs up and down the tree ; gripa
u., to pick up ; u. me6, up along ; lita
u., to look up ; bua (gera) u. hvilu, to
make up a bed ; drepa u. eld, to strike
fire ; (2) with the notion of con-
suming; drekka (eta) u., to drink
{eat) up ; ausa u., to bale out ; skipta
u., to share it all out ; (3) with the
notion of discovery ; spyrja, frdtta
u., to find out; (4) quite; fuUr u.
?i?e.xh2iX , brimful of falsehood ', (5) of
time ; u. frd J)vi, ever since ; u. heSan,
henceforth ; (6) upp d, upon, on ;
u. i. tru J)ina, tipon thy faith ; u. i.
Ebresku, in Hebrew ; sjd, horfa u.
d, to look upon ; hugsa u. d, to yearn
for, to be be?it on.
uppaustrar-niat5r, m. babbler,
uppbur?5ar-litill, a. shy, timid.
upp-dalr, m. up-dale, inland valley,
-dyri, n. = ofdyri ; -festa (-sta,
-str), v. to suspend ; -festing, f. stis-
pension ; -fostr, n. rearing, foster-
itig; -fi:ce^inQ, i. instruction ; -foecSi,
n., -foezla, f. breeding, fostering;
-ganga, f. ( l ) going tip, ascent ( -ganga
1 borgina) ; -ganga solar, sunrise;
(2) going up on land, going ashore
(hann eggjar menn sina til -gongu) ;
(3) boarding a ship (fengu l)eir -gongu
i. skipit) ; (4) landing-place, pass ;
-gangr, m. (i) = -ganga 4; {2) good
luck, success, fame (var pd -gangr bans
sem mestr); -gefning, f., -gjof, f.
remission (-gjof um sakir) ; -greizla,
f. payment, discharge ; -haf, n. ( i)
beginning (l)at er -haf ^ sogu J)essi) ,
UPP-HAFARI
[452]
UPP-TAK
frd -hB.fi, from the beginning \ (2)
advancement, hotiour (Jjotti J)eim mi-
kit -haf i, ef pau vasri lik gu5i) ; -haf-
ari, m. founder ; -hafligr, a. original;
-hafning-, f. elevation, pride.
upphafs-inat5r, m. aicthor, origina-
tor (-maSr at e-u, til c-s) ; -stafr, m.
initial letter,
upp-hald, n. (i) holding up, lifting ;
(2) keeping up, preservation (veita
-hald musterinu).
upphalds-kerti, n. a taper to be
held up or carried in procession ;
-matSr, m. upholder, maintainer.
upp-hdr, a. coming high upon the leg
(-hdr skor) ; -heimr, m. the heaven ;
-heldi, n. upholding, maintenance ;
-hlaup, n. riot, tiunult.
upphlaups-mat^r, m. rioter.
upp-hlutr, m, the upper part of a
kirtle ; -hsBtS, f. elevation.
uppi, adv. (i) up ; sitja u., to sit up ;
hafa u. 0xina, to lift the axe ; standa
u., to be left standing (l^eir, er pa
st66u u.) ; to lie ashore, of a ship ;
var u. rost mikil d firdinum, the cur-
rent rose high ; eiga vef u., to have a
loom up, to be at work weaving ; vera
snemma u., to be up early ; lata e-t
u., to come forth with ; (2) vera u., to
live (1 J)eira manna minnum, er J)d
voru u.); to be at an end, gone (var
u. hverr peningr) ; nii munu u. sogur
J)inar, now you must be quite at the
end of your stories.
uppiv6zlu-ma(5r, m. a turbulent,
overbearing 7na?i ; -raikill, a. tur-
bulent, ove?'bearing.
upp-kast, n. stretching, drawing',
-koma, -kvama, f. coining up, out-
break (-koma elds) ; -kveiking, f.
kindling', -lendingar, m. pi. the men
from the Upplond ; -lenzkr, a. be-
longing to the Upplond ; -letti, n.
ceasing, of rain ; -litning, f. looking
up, cofiteviplation ; -litill, a. small at
the upper end, tapering', -lok, n, U7i-
locking, opening ; -lokning, f . ( i ) =
-lok ; (2) delivery ; -lost, n., -lostn-
ing, f. false rumour-, -laegr, a.
elevated, lying high.
Upp-lond, n. pi. the Uplands, in-
land counties, in the east of Norway.
upp-n^m, n., tefla f -ndm, to expose
a piece so that it can be taken ; -num-
ning, f. being taken up into heaven,
assumption.
uppnumningar-dagr, m. Assump-
tion-day (-dagr Mariu).
upp-nffimr, a. (l) confiscable, for-
feitable (fe -nasmt konungi) ; (2) vera
-nsemr fyrir e-m, to be helpless, at one's
mercy ; -orpinn, pp. = -nsemr 2 ;
-ras, f. (i) rise ; -ras elds, eruption',
solar -ras, sunrise ; (2) raid, descent,
from ships (veita, gera -ras) ; (3)
origin (-ras ok aefi J)eira merkis-
manna) ; (4) cause (-ras alls ufridar) ;
-regin, n. pi. the high gods ; -reising,
f. a raising up, reparation ; -reisn, f.
= -reist 2; -reist, f. (i) uprising, re-
bellion (gera -reist i moti konungi) ;
(2) raisiftg up, reparation (hljota
skaSa, en enga -reist) ; fa -reist, to
rise again.
uppreistar-drdpa, f. a poem on the
creation ; -saga, f. the story of crea-
tion, the book of Genesis.
upp-rennandi, pr. p. rising (at
-rennandi solu) ; -rettr, a. upright,
erect (sitja -rettr) ; -risa, f. resurrec-
tion (eptir -risu Jesu).
upprisu-dagr, m. Resurrection-day.
upp-runi, m. (i) rise (-runi solar) ;
(2) growth ; (3) origin ; (4) the grow-
ing age, youth ; -roeta (-tta, -ttr), v.
to root up', -saga, f. pronouncing
(-saga doms) ; -sat, f. and n. a place
where ships are drawn ashore ; -skar
(-ska, -skatt), a. communicative (ger-
ast -skar urn e-t) ; -skelldr, pp. i?ioun-
ted (-skellt skaptit me6 silfri) ; -skot,
n. delay ; -slatta, f. = -lost ; -smiSi,
n. building, raising a house ; -spretta,
f. (i) spring, fountain-head (-spretta
drinnar) ; (2j source (-spretta ufriSari
landinu) ; -staSa, f. (i) a standing
2cpright', (2) a standifig up, rising;
-stertr, a. strutting', ganga -sterti,
to walk haughtily, -stigning, f.
(i) rising, ascefit, advance; (2) the
Ascension.
upp3tigningar-,uppstigu-dagr, m,
Ascension-day.
uppst65u-tr6, n. post.
upp-sogn, f. = -saga ; -tak, n. tn-
UPP-TAKA
[453]
T^BERNSKLIQA
come, resource \ -taka, f. (l) taking
up ; (2) seizure, confiscation (-taka
buanna) ; (3) the translation of a
saint \ -tekja, f. (i) a taking to a
things (2) beginning] (3) reception
(cf. taka e-t vel, ilia upp) ; -tekning,
f. the translation of a saint ; -tekt, f.
(l) seizure (tj^r -tekt) ; (2) ificome,
revenue ; (3) beginning oi a discourse
(hann hafQi ^i. -tekt, at) ; -tendran,
f. ki7idling\ -toekr, a. (i) confiscable ,
f Off citable ; (2) helpless, at one's
mercy, = -nsemr ; -varp, n. (i) throw-
ing tip (of a volcano) ; (2) source^
cause (-varp alls ufriSar) ; -viss, a.
found out, knoivn (var3 aldri -vist,
hverr J)etta vi'g hafSi vegit) ; lata e-t
-vist, to make known ; -voxtr, m. (i)
growth ; seinligr i -vexti, slow in
growifig up ; (2) stature, height
(litill var -voxtr bans).
uppvozlu-m^kill, a. boisterous =
uppivozlu-mikill.
upp-{)unnr, a. thin upwards.
ups, f. eaves (Egill skaut endanum,
er logaSi, upp undir upsina).
upsi, m. coal-fish^ a nickname.
urt5 (pi. -ir), f. heap of stones fallen
from a hill (grjot ok urSir).
urtSa (a(5). v. to cover with stones.
urSar-maSr. m. outlaw (gera e-n at
-manni) ; cf. ' skogarmadr '.
urSar-mdni, m. a * weird moon ',
boding evil ; -orc5, n. decree of fate.
urS-groefr, a. that ought to be buried
under piles of stones.
ur(5r (gen. -ar). f. weird, fate,
urga (a6), v. to gnash {u. tonnum).
urga, f. strap, rope's end (rare).
url, n. a kind of hood (for. word).
urt (pi. -ir), herb, = jurt.
usli, m. burnifig embers, fire (eldrok
usli) ; devastation by fire.
usli, m. damage, = auvisli.
utan, adv. ; see * utan '.
uxa-bass, m. ox-stall-, -Imuta, f.
joitit-bone of an ox; -hutS, f. ox-
hide; -hofu^, n. head of an ox;
-kjot, n. ox-beef; -merki, n. Taurus,
in the Zodiac.
uxi (pi. uxar, older forms yxn,
eyxn, pxn), m. ox ; yxninir, the oxen ;
eyxn margir, many oxen ; neut. plur.,
J)rju yxn, three oxen.
u
u or 6,a negative prefix before nouns,
adjs., advs., and verbs, /«-, un-, dis-.
ua (only pret. u(5i), v. to swarm,
teem with (hvert vatn u6i af fiskum).
u-aflatliga,adv. incessantly ; uafiat-
samr, a. unintermittent; uafskipta-
samr, uafskiptinn, a. not meddle-
some ; ualandi, pr. p. who must not
be fed, of an outlaw.
ualdar-, gen. from *uoId'; -flokkr,
m. band of rovers ; -maSr, m. rover,
villain ; -vetr, TCi.fainine-winter.
u-alinn, pp. unborn ; uarfgengr, a.
not entitled to inherit; uargr, a.
wild, savage ; hit liarga dyr, the fierce
animal, the lion ; uarmvitugr, a. un-
chat'itable, hard-hearted ; uathuga-
samr, a. inattentive ; liathygli, f.
inattention ; uau^igr, a. tmwcalthy,
destitute; uautSligr, a. not likely to
be destroyed; uaut^na, f. ill-luck,
misfortune; uauSraSinn, pp. not
easily managed; uafenginn, a. not
intoxicating ; uagangssamr, a. not
encroachiftg upon others, peaceful ;
uagengiligr, a. not aggressive ;
uagjarn, a. not covetous \ uahlyS-
inn, a. self-willed ; liakafiiga, adv.
listlessly ; uakafr, a. not eager,
slovenly ; engu uakafari, no less eager;
ualeitinn, a. unencroaching ; uar, n.,
uaran, n. bad seas 07i, dearth ; uaren-
niligr, a. not easy to attack ; uarligr,
a. unthriving; uarvsBnn, a. not
promisi7ig a good crop or season ;
uarasSiligr, a. unlikely; uastfolginn,
pp. unbeloved ; uastiitSugr, a. love-
less; uastuSligr, a. unamiable ;
uatan, f. a thing not to be eaten ;
liavaxtasamr, a. unproductive ;
libarSr, pp. unbeaten ; ubetSinn, pp.
unbidden; libeiSuU, a. not request-
ing ; ubeinn, a. not strait^ht ; awry ;
ubernskliga,adv. unchildishly, like a
tJBERR
[454]
tjPdTHVATR
grown-up man ; uberr, a. not naked, I gjarn, a. hot bloodthirsty ; udrengi-
hidden ; ubeygiligr, a. zmbending, | liga, adv. uninan/uliy, meanly ;
tidrengiligr, a. unworthy of a man\
unyielding-^ ubilgjarn, a. unyieldifig.
wrong-headed', ubilt, a. n. not
frightened ; broSurnum var iibilt, the
brother was not afraid ; Idta s€v verSa
u., to take no fright \ ubirgr, a. unpro-
vided ; ubirktr, pp. unbarked ; ubir-
ta, f. darkness ; ubjartr, a. not bright,
dark ; ublauSr, a. datmtless ; ublicSa,
f. disfavour; ubliSr, a. unki?td,
frowniftg ; ubl6c$igr, a. unbloody ;
uboSinn, pp. unbidden ; uborinn,
pp. unborn ; ubokfro^r, a. unlettered.
libota-, gen. pi. from ' uboetr ' ;
-maSr, m. cri?ni?ial\ -mdl, n. ^ ^^j.?
which ca?tnot be ato?ied for with
7noney ; -sok, f . crime, felony.
ubragSligr, b., dull-looking', ubra^-
gorr, a. slow of growth ; ubra^r, a.
j/^2£/ ; librdtt, slowly ; ubrac5reiSr,
a. dispassionate ; ubreiddr, pp. /^«-
spread; ubreytiliga, adv. /« a com-
mon manner ; ubreytiligr, a. ««-
changeable ; uijreyttr, pp. unaltered ;
li. maSr, « cominon, plain, everyday
man ; ubrigSanligr, a. unchangeable',
dbrigt5r, pp. unchanged; steadfast
(li. vinr) ; ubrotgjarn, a. w^/ brittle ;
ubrotinn, pp. unbroken ; ubryddr,
pp. unshod; ubuinn, pp. unprepared;
unready, unwilling; ubyg(5, f. un-
peopled tract, wilderness ; libygtSr,
pp. unpeopled; ubyggiligr, a. un-
i7ihabitable ; ubyrja, a. barren, sterile,
of a woman ; ubaeriligr, a. unbear-
able ; ubcsnir, f. pi. curses, impreca-
tions ; ubcBtiligr, a. irreparable;
uboetr, f. pi. an act that cannot be
atoned for by money ; uboettr, pp.
unatoned, not atoned for; lidau^a-
hrseddr, a. not afraid for one's life ;
udaut5leikr, m. immortality ; u-
daut5ligr, a. undying, imrnortal ;
udaut5r, a., u. at eins (at einu), all
but dead ; udaufligr, a. not dull ;
udaunan, f., udaunn, m. bad smell.
uda^a-nia^r, m. malefactor ; -verk,
n. crijne.
u-da^ir, f. pi. misdeeds, outrage.
lideigliga, adv. harshly; udeildr,
pp. undivided, whole ; udirft5, f. lack
of courage; udjarfr, a. timid; udrdp-
udrengr, m. bad fellow ; oidreng-
skapr, m. 7neanness ; udrjiigr, a.
falling short; tidrukkinn, pp. sober;
udygtS, i. faithlessness, bad faith ; dis'
honesty ; udyggleikr, m. dishonesty ;
tidyggr, a. dishonest,wicked ; udyrr,
a. not dear, cheap,
udseldar-matJr, m. overbearing fnan,
u-daBll, a. ( I ) difficult, hard ; {2) over-
bearing, quarrelsome ; udfiBlleikr, m.
overbearing temper.
udoema-mikill, a. portentous ;
-verk, n. monstrous deed, enonnity.
udoemi, n. pi. enormity, 7nonstrous
thi7ig ; vera meS udcemum, to be zm-
exampled; tidoemiligr, a. imexam-
pled, enormous ; uefni, n. perplexity,
precarious state of affairs ; ueinarSr,
a. insincere ; ueirarfullr, a. unruly ;
ueirS, f. disquietude, tumult (kapps-
fullr ok ueirSar) ; ueirinn, a. unruly ;
unforbeari7ig ; uendanligr, a. end-
less, i7iter7ni7iable ; ufagna (atS), v. to
condole with; ufagna^r, m. (l) sor-
row ; (2) wickedness ; (3) plague ;
ufagr, a. ugly ; ufagrligr, a. unhand-
sotne ; ufall, n. 77iishap ; ufallinn, a.
unfitted, unbecoming; lifalr, a. 7iot
for sale; ufalsa^r, pp. tmfalsified;
ufarinn, pp. not gone; lifarnaSr, m.
7}iis for tune; ufaguligr, a. twpolished;
ufeginn, a. 710 1 glad, sorry; ufegrat5r,
a. unadorned; ufeigr, a. 7iot '■fey ' ;
ufeldr, a. = ufallinn ; ufengiligr, a.
of little value, u7ii7nportant ; Meng-
inn, pp. not got; uferjandi, pr. p. not
to be ferried, of an outlaw ; uf6sanir,
a. yieldifig little profit, unprofitable ;
ufimleikr, m. U7iha7idiness ; tifini-
liga, adv. awkwardly ; ufimr, a.
awkward; ufjollottr, a. without
mountains ; 'U.fjot, n. pi. broils, blun-
ders ; uflattr, pp. uncut up, of fish ;
ufleygr, a. ufifledged, not able to fly ;
ufljotr, a. slow ; uflokkr, m. rabble ;
uflugumannligr, a. not like a flugu-
maSr ; uflyjandi, a., u. herr, an over-
whel77iing host; uforsjaligr, a. im-
p7'udent ; uforvitinn, a. not curious ;
ufolginn, pp. unhidden ; ufothvatr.
uf6tiiINR
[455]
tiaiPTB
a. unswift of foot ; ekki u., not slow
of foot ; ufotlinr, a. not soft for the
foot (stigr u.).
ufr (-S, -ar), m. (i) roughness^ rough
edge^ splinter \ (2) hostility (risu utar
i. vinfengi t)eira) ; (3) the uvula (fekk
hann til Icckni at skera ser lif) ; (4)
the horned owl.
ufr, a. hostile (ufar 'ro disir).
li-framarr, adv. less forzvard ; ti-
framgjarn, a. shy ; uframliga, adv.
not forwardly, shyly ; uframr, a.
unforward, shy ; uframsyni, f. i7n-
providence ; ufrdleikr, m. slowness ;
ufrar, 3.. faint, weakly \ ufregit, pp.
n. unasked; ufrekliga, adv. not for-
wardly] ufrekr, a. 7tot forward;
ufi'elsa (at5), v. to make captive^ de-
prive of freedom ; tifrelsi, n. tyranny ;
ufremd, f. shyness; ufreski, i^reskr,
see ' ofreski, ofreskr ' ; ufritSast (atS),
v., lifridast me6 J)eim, they becotne
enemies.
lifri^ar-flokkr, m. hostile band;
-fylgjTir, f. pi. ^fetches ' of hostility ;
-kvittr, m. rumour of war ; -laust,
Sidiv. peacefully; -maSr, m. enemy;
-V89nn, a. coding hostilities.
u-friSliga, adv. in an unpeaceful
tnanfier (lata u.) ; ufriSligr, a. un-
peaceful, unruly ; ufriSr, m. war,
hostilities \ er J)eir urdu varir vi5 u-
frid, when they found that the enemy
was near ; ufric5saniligr, a. unpeace-
ful, warlike, disturbed ; ufritSsamr,
a. unruly ; ufritSvaenn, a. unp?omis-
ing for peace \ ufritt, a. n. unpeace-
ful; e-m er u., on^s life is without
rest; tdri^leikr tm..tigli?iess; tifritSr,
a. ugly; ufrjals, a. unfree; ufrjor,
a. barren ; ufrjosamr, a. tmfertile,
unproductive ; ufr6c5leikr, m. want
of knowledge ; ufrotSliga, adv. fool-
ishly (spyrjau.); ufr6t5iigr, di. foolish
(ufroSlig spurning] ; ufrotSr, a. igno-
rant ; ufrynliga, adv. frowningly ;
lifrynligr, ufrynn, a. frowni?ig ; u-
fraBg$, a. discredit ; ufraegja (aS), v.
to defarne ; ufraBgr, a. inglorious ; eigi
ufraegari, not less famous ; ufraend-
samliga, adv. unkifismanlike; ufrser,
a. = ufrjor ; tifroetSi, f. ignorance, lack
of information : ufroekn, a. unwar-
like, timid ; ufuinn, a. unrotten ; 6-
fuss, a. unwilling (u. e-s) ; ufylginn,
a. not following (u. e-m) ; tifyrir-
f^taamr, a. intractable, headstrong;
ufyrirleitinn, a. reckless ; ufyrir-
leitni, f. recklessness ; ufyrirsynja,
f. want of foresight (pat md t^ykkja
mikil u.) ; lifyrirsynju, accidentally;
ufseliliga, adv. unaauntedly ; ufaBl-
inn, a. dauntless; ufoera, f. (i) im-
passable place ; er u. at komast J)ar
yfir, it is impossible to cross it; (2)
critical state (vera 1 ufoeru) ; hla6a
skip til ufoeru, to overload a ship ; (3)
dangerous task (ek kalla pat vera
ufoeru at berjast vi6 pd. at svd. bunu) ;
ufoerSir, f. pi. impassableness, esp.
from snow (lagQi d snjdva ok ufoerdir) ;
ufoeri, n. da?igerous situation ; meiSa
til ufoeris, to disable ; lifoeriligr, a. (i)
impracticable, ?tot to be done ; (2)
impassable; ufoerr, a. (i) impassable
(u. vegr, lif cert vatn) ; (2) disabled (G.
var pd u. fyrir fotarins sakir) ; (3)
ijnpossible (at honum mundi ekki
ufoert).
ufoeru-vegr, m. an ijnpassable road.
ti-folr, a. fiot pale ; ufor, f. disastrous
Journey, disaster ; esp. in pi. disaster,
defeat, ill-luck (gle6jast af uforum
e-s) ; fara uforum fyrir e-m, to be
worsted by one; ugagn, n. hurt, harm,
loss ; ugagnvsenligr, a. unprofitable ;
ugaman, n. fio /^/(?^?j-/^r<? ; ugaumgaBfi,
f. inattentioti ; ugaurnggefr, a. heed-
less; uga, f. (1) inattention ; (2) care-
less life (liggja i uga ok i drykkju);
uge^iigr, a. disagreeable ; ugefinn,
pp. (i) not given away; (2) vacaiit
(ugefnar kirkjur) ; ugegn, a. un-
reascnable, self-willed ; ugegnliga,
adv. improperly ; ugeigvaenligr, a.
not dangeroTS ; ugengr, (i) tcnfit to
walk on (iss u.) ; (2) u?iable to walk
(var sveinninn u.) ; ugetinn, pp. (i)
not begotten ; (2) lata ser ugetit at e-u,
to be displeased at ; ugeyminn, a.
heedless ; ugildr, a. unatoned, for
whom no weregild has to be paid ;
falla u., to be slain with impunity,
without liability to weregild; ugipta,
f. ill-luck ; ugiptr, pp. not given
away, unmarried, of a woman.
t^giptu-Ir
[456]
T^HOF-SEMD
6giptu-dr, n. hapless year \ -bragtS,
n. ill-boding countenance ; -fullr, a.
hapless^ unlucky \ -liga, adv. hap-
lessly ; -ligr, a. of luckless appea^-ance ;
-maSr, m. unlucky man ; -samliga,
adv. = -liga; -samligr, a. hapless-
looking^ evil-boding ; -verk, n. =
uhappaverk.
u-girniligr, a. undesirable ; uglaSr,
a. cheerless^ gloomy ; ugletSi, f. j^^-
^^j-j-, melancholy ; taka u., /^ grow
melancholy ; ugleSja (-gladda), v. to
make sad (Ijarf J)ik petta eigi at u.) ;
impers., ugledr e-n, one turns sad;
refl., ugleSjast, to turn sad (6. uglad-
dist, er leiS a vetrinn) ; u-glikr, a. see
* ulikr ' ; ugliminn, a. 7iot good at
wrestling; tiglpggt, adv. not clearly
(sjd,, vita u.) ; ugnogligr, a. insuffi-
cient ; ugnogr, a. insufficient^ not
enough ; ugoldinn, pp. unpaid ;
ug6t5gjarn, a. evil-7ninded \ ug6t5-
gjarnligr, a. spiteful ; ugotSr, a. ^rtrt',
wicked \ gera ser ugott at e-u, /^ <^^
displease divith ; ugrandvarliga,adv.
dishonestly, immorally ; ugraudveri,
f. dishonesty ; ugreiSa (-greidda), v.
/<? //^/ in aisorder (u. e-t fyrir e-m) ;
tigreitSfoerr, a. difficult to pass over ;
ugreiSi, m. iinpeditnent (t)etta var
mer li.) ; ugrei^r, a. unexpeditious ;
ugrimmr, a. «<?/ cruel^ humane;
ugrynni, n. boundlessness, im7?ietise
quantity of {\\. fjdr, u. lids) ; ugroe(5i-
ligr, a. irremediable ; ligylldr, pp.
tingilt ; ligfiBfa, f. = ugipta ; ugaefr,
a. (i) luckless \ (2) unruly.
ugaBfu-fullr, a. unlucky ; -maSr, m.
luckless fellow \ -samliga, adv. luck-
lessly ; -samligr, a. luckless-looking.
ugaBtiliga, adv. heedlessly, incau-
tiously (nicela u.) ; ugaBtinn, a. heed-
less ; ugcf ugr, a. not of noble ex-
traction ; ugprandi, pr. p. that ca7i7iot
be done (nu er {)at ug0randa) ; ugorla,
adv. 7iot exactly (vita, sja u.) ; ugorr,
pp. U7ido7te, unaccomplished; ugprr,
adv. compar. less clearly (vita u.) ;
uhagfeldr, a. i7iconvenient ; uhag-
liga, adv. inco7ive7iiently ; uhagligr,
a. i7iconvenie7tt ; uhagnac5r, m. in-
conve7iience ; uhagr, a. unhandy, un-
skilled; ifi.liagstoecSr, a. unfavou7-able
(u. vindr) ; uhagvirkr, a. unskilled
as a worker; uhaldkvaBmr, a. dis-
advantageous ; uhallr, a. not slant-
i7ig ; uhaltr, a. not lame ; uhamingja,
f. bad luck, disaster.
uhamingju-samligr, a. evil-looking.
ti-handlatr, a. 7iot slow of hand;
uhapp, n. 77iishap, ill-luck, 77iisfor-
tune (koma J)er oil uhopp senn).
uhappa-dvergr, m. wicked dwaTf;
-fullr, a. unlucky ; -laust, adv. with-
out a 77tishap occurri7ig\ -ma(5r, m.
unlucky 77ia7i ; -verk, n. unfortunate
de:d (vinna hit mesta -verkj.
u-harSfoerliga, adv. not harshly,
gently (tala u. til e-s) ; uhar(5mann-
ligr, a. not hardy ; uhart5nat$r, pp.
unharde7ied ; uhartSskeytr, a. weak
as an archer; uhaskasamr, a. not
dange7'ous; lihattr, m. bad habit \
uhefndr, pp. unave7iged ; uhegndr,
pp. unpunished; uheilagrja. u7iholy;
outlawed; uheill, a. i7isincere; uheill,
f. 7?iishap, ill-luck.
uheilla-tre, n. unlucky tree.
u-heilsamr, a. unwholeso7ne ; "u-
lieim.ila (a5), v. to deprive one of title
to (u e-m e-t) ; uheim.ill, a. unlaW'
ful ; uheimskr, a. 710 1 foolish, i7itelli-
gent; uhelga (atJ), v. to proclai?n a
person to be uheilagr ; uhelgi, f. the
state of bei7ig uheilagr ; uheppiliga,
adv. unluckily ; uherm.annligr, a.
un77iartial, tinworthy of a warrior;
uherskar, a. (i) U7i77mrtial ; (2) not
harried by war, of a country (fyrir J)a
sok var tiherskdtt i SviJ)j65); uiieyri-
liga, adv. i7t an U7iheard-of way,
wickedly ; uheyriligr, a. U7ihcard-of,
wicked ; uhlifinn, a. not sparing one-
self; uhljotS, n. shoutings ; uhlutdeil-
inn, uhlutsamr, a. tm77ieddleso77ie;
uhlutvandr, a. dishonest ; uhlytSinn,
a. disobedient ; uhlytSnast (a(5), v. to
disobey (u. e-m); uhlytSni, f. dis-
obedience ; uhneistr, pp. tindisgraced,
= uneistr ; uhneppiliga, adv. not
scantily, fully (u. at I^riSjungi) ;
uhn0ggr, a. liberal ; uhof, n. (l)
excess ; (2) i77i77ie7isity (u. kvikfjdr).
tihof-samliga, adv. i77imoderately ;
-samligr, a. i7n7noderate; -samr, a.
i7ite7npe7'ate ; -semd, f . excess.
T^HOQLIGB.
[457]
T^KUNNR
ti-hogligr, a. inconve7iient^ uneasy ;
uhrakligr, a. not shabby ; uhrapal-
liga, adv. tcnhurriedly^ leisurely ;
uhraustr, a. weak ; uhraust kona, a
woman with child ; uhreinindi, n. pi.
uncleanlifiess ; uhreinliga, adv. un-
cleanly ; ulireinlifi, n. = saurlifi ;
uhreinn, a. (i) unclean (i l^eim sta5
ma ekki vera uhreint) ; {2) foul, dan-
gerous, of passage (uhreint ok sker-
joti) ; peir sog6u, at uhreint var i
osinum, that it was iufested by a
7nonster; uhreinsa, f. unclea7iliness\
uhreytiligi", a. unnia7ily, 710 1 valiant ;
uhrotSinn, pp. U7icleared, of ships in
a battle ; uhrotSigr, a. i7iglorious ;
uhryggr, a. U7ic07icerned ; uliraedd-
liga, adv. without f jar \ uhraeddr, a.
fearless, imf earing; uhraBSiliga, adv.
fearlessly ; uhrfiBSinn, a. dauntless ;
uhrosriligr, a. i/n7/iovable ; uhroesi,
n. ajilthy thi7ig, 77iea7i fellow ; uhrpr-
ligr, a. not ruinous ; uhrprnat5r, pp.
unwithered, undecayed; uhugnat5r,
m. disco })ifort\ uhugr, m. gloo7n,
despair (slo d paer uhug miklum ok
gratij ; ulivatr, a. unvaliant\ uhverf-
rat5liga, adv. tmwaveringly ; uhygg-
irm, a. i7}iprudent\ uhyiiiga, adv.
with unfriendly look, frow7ii7igly ;
uhyrligr, a. fro'iv7iing; uhyrr, a.
U7ifi iendly-looki7ig,frow7iing\ uhsBfr,
a. U7ijLtting\ uhfiBLt, a. n. without
danger, safe (l)egar skipum var u. at
halda d milli landa) ; lita u. vi6 e-n,
not to plot agai7ist one ; as adv., eigi
u., not without so77te da7iger \ uhsstt-
ligr, a. not dangerous-, uhoefa, f.
enor77iity, wicked7iess (vaeri pat J^o en
mesta u. at verc3j. mer ekki at lioij ;
uhoeftS, f., uhoefi, n. = uhoefa ; uhoefi-
liga, adv. wickedly ; uhoegS, t. U7i-
easi7iess, i7ico7ive7iie7ice ; utioegilisa,
adv. U7ico77ifortably ; uhcEgindi, n. pi.
(I) uneast/tess, aifficulty, (2) pain,
ill-health ; ulioegja (-c5d), v. to 7nake
uneasy or u7ico}}fortable (u. e-m, or
fyrir e-m) ; refl., uhoegjast, to beco7ne
uneasy or painful (tok at u. sott bans) ;
uhoegligr, a. painful', ulioegr, a. (l)
difficult, hard (var uhoegt at koma
or6um vi6 hann) ; (2) pai7ful (sott
strong ok lihceg) ; honum var svd
uhoegt, he felt so uneasy ; (3) unruly ;
uhoeveraka, f. discourtesy ; uhcever-
skr, a. unmannerly; uhoicSingligr,
a. U7iworihy of a great 77ian, undig7ii-
fied; uitarligr, a. hu77ible', ujain, a.
(i) uneven, unequal (tveir kostir
ujafnir) ; ujafnt, unequally, unfairly
(skipta lijatnt) ; (2) of numbers, odd.
uj^fna§Ar-fullr, a., full of injustice',
-niacSr, m. an overbearing 7nan.
u-jafaa5r, m. (i) inequality, (2)
i7ijusii:e, U7ifairness, tyra7i7iy (hvirt
man Cjunnari hefnast {)essi u.).
ujafn-girni, f. U7:fair7iess ; -gjarn, a.
unfair ; -liga, adv. U7iequally ; -ligr,
a. uneqiial, uneven (-lig orrustaj ;
-skipaor, pp. tmevenly manned.
u-karlm.annligr, a. un7nanly; u-
katr, a. gloo77iy, dis7nal; ukembdr,
pp. unke77ipt; ukenndr, pp. (i) not
expressed by a ''kenning^ (ukennd
heiti) ; (2) not intoxicated ; ukenni-
ligr, a. unrecog7iizable ; ukerskr, a.
weak ; ukeypis, adv. gratuitotisly ;
ukjorligr, a. W7'etched (u. kostr) ;
potti honum sa hlutr ukjorligastr, the
zvorst choice ; uklaksarr, a. not sen'
sitive, thick-skin7ied; uklusaSr, pp.
unha7npered', uklseddr, pp. unclad;
ukl0kkvandi, pr. p. unmoved; si.
einn hlutr var svd, at hann matti aldri
u. um tala, that he could never speak
of it without being 77ioved to tears ;
uknaleikr, m. lack of strength ; u-
knaligr, a. pithless, infi7-77i ; uknar,
a. weak, infirm ; uknyttir, m. pi. bad
tricks; ukominn, pp. (i) not co7ne ;
(2) future ; ukonungligr, a. U7t-
kingly ; ukostigr, a. wretched ; u-
kostr, m. ( i ) bad choice ; (2) fault ;
ukrismatSr, pp. una7iointed ; ukristi-
ligr, a. unchristia7i-like ; ukristinn,
a. U7ichristia7i ; ukrassiligr, a. U7i-
dainty, filthy ; likrdptugr, a lacki7ig
stre7igth, weakly; ukroptuligr, weak,
feeble ; ukulsamr, ukulvias, a. in-
se7isitive to cold; ukunnandi, f. ig"
nora7ice ; likunnigr, a. ( i ) u7ik7iown ;
(2) U7iacquainted with ; H. brdst u.
vi6 {)etta, H. 7nade as if he k7iew
7tothi7ig about tliis ; ukunnliga, adv.
like a stranger (ekki riSa peir u.) ;
ukunnr, a. unknown, strange (li.
UKURTEISI
[458]
trii^ETi
e-m) ; ukurteisi, f. discourtesy ; u-
kurteisliga, adv. tincourteously ; u-
kurteis3,a. tincotcrteous ; ukvanga^r,
pp. umnarriedy of a man ; ukvetSmn,
pp. unrecited, of a poem ; ukvenska,
f. unchastity ; tikviSinn, a. uncon-
cerned ; ukvsB^a, ukvaetSi, a. speech-
less from wonder (verSa u. vi5 e-t).
ukvsBtSis-mal, n. offensive speech ;
-ort5, n. abusive word.
u-kvaentr, pp. = ukvdngaSr ; u-
kynjan, n. a noisome things monster ;
likynligr, a. not strange ; ukynni,
n. (i) uncouthness^ bad manners, ill-
breeding-, (2) wonders (valda slikum
ukynnum) ; ukyrr, a. tinquiet ; varrar
jarls voru ukyrrar, quivered ; tikyrra
(-tSa, -t5r), V. to stir\ refl., ukyrrast,
to be stirred, excited \ ukyrrleikr, m.
commotion^ disturbance ; ukyrrligr,
a. unquiet, tumultuous', ukyssiligr,
a. unkissable ; ukfflti, n. joylessness ;
ukoenn, a. unwise ; ukoenska, f. ig-
norance ; ulag, n. disorder ; i ulagi,
out of order ; ulagatSr, pp. unbrewed ;
ularaiSr, pp. unthrashed ; ulatliga,
adv. quickly; ulatr, a. not lazy, eager ;
ulaunkarr, a. indiscreet, unreserved
(var hon jafnan -kdr af tiSendum) ;
lilatr, a. disot'derly, unmannered.
uldna (at$), v. to decay, rot.
u-leit5ingasamr, a. not easily led,
headstrong; uleiSr, a. «<?/ loath,
agreeable ; tileigis, adv. without rent ;
ulendr, a. outlatidish ; ul6ttr, a. /^^fa-z^y
•Zf////^ ^>^z7^ (uMtt kona) ; uleyf (Sr, pp.
unallowed, forbidden ; uleyfi, n., in
the phrase, at u. e-s, without one's
leave ; liley filiga, adv. without leave ;
uleyfiligr, a. = uleyf6r ; uleyndr, pp.
unhidden ; uleysiligr, a. indissoluble;
uleystr, pp. unreleased, tinabsolved.
lilfalda-hdr, n. earners hair.
ulfaldi, m. camel.
ulfa-l)ytr, m. howling of wolves.
lilf-grar, a. wolf-g7'ey ; -hamr, m.
wolfs skin, a nickname ; -hanzki, m.
a glove of wolf- skin, used by a sor-
ceress ; -hetSinn, m. wolf's skin ; a
berserk wearing a wolf-skin ; -hiSi
(-itSi), n. wolf 's lair, wood ; -hugaSr,
a. evil-minded, savage ; -hugr, m.
a wolf's mind J savageness, — ulfu6 ;
-hvelpr, m. wolf's cub ; -iSi, n., see
-hiSi ; -liSr, m. ^ wolfs joint\ the
wrist (a hond fyrir ofan ulfliS).
ulfr (-S, -ar), m, wolf; ala e-m ulfa,
to breed wolves for one, plan mischief
(spyr ek jDat frd, at Danir muni enn
ala oss ulfa) ; fig. ene7ny.
ulfs-hugr, m. = ulfhugr ; -kjoptr,
m. %volfs jaws ; -munnr, m. wolfs
mouth : -rodd, f. wolfs voice.
ulf-iiS, f. = -hugr (fullr upp -u5ar) ;
sld d sik -u6, to get angry.
u-licS, n. harm, mischief (veita e-m
u.) ; ulitSliga., adv. unhandily, awk-
wardly ; uliSligr, a. clumsy ; ulitS-
mannliga, adv. awkwardly; lilifat^
pp. n., in the phrase, eiga skamt u-
lifat, to have a short ti^ne left to live,
be near 07ie^s end; ulifSr, pp. dead,
deceased; ulipr, a. not adroit, clumsy;
ulifhraeddr, a. not afraid for one's
life ; ulifi, m. = daudi ; saera e-n til
ulifis, to wound one to the death ; sdrr
til ulifis, wotmded to death.
ulifis-matSr, m. a person deserving
of death ; -sok, f ., -verk, n. a case or
deed worthy of death.
u-lifligr, a. not likely to live ; ulikam-
ligr, a. not bodily ; ulikan, n. proud
flesh; ulikindi, n. pi. (i) iifiproba-
bility; {2) shafn, dissiinulatioti (gera
e-t til lilikinda); ulikliga, adv. im-
probably ; hann tok d, engu u., he did
not call it unlikely ; ulikligr, a. i7n-
probable, unlikely (t)6tti f>. li. til lygi) ;
ulikr, a. unlike, diffe7'ent; ulitill, a.
not S7nall, great ; J)etta er li. herr, no
small host ; uljoss, a. dark ; uljufr,
a. ' unlief, disagreeable ; tiljugfrotJr,
a. well-i7ifor77ied and truthful ; u-
Ijugheitr, a. making no e77tpty threats;
ulof, n. = uleyfi ; at ulofi e-s, without
07te's leave ; ulofa6r, a. unallowed ;
ulofat, without leave ; uloginn, pp.
true; ulokinn, pp. (i) unshut; (2)
unpaid (uloknar skuldir) ; ulund, f.
ill temper, splee7i.
ulundar-matSr, m. ill-teffipered man.
u-lyfjan, vx. poison; ulyginn, a. ««-
lying, truthful ; ulyndi, n. = lilund ;
ulystiligr, a. disagreeable, U7iplea-
sant; ulasrtSr, pp. unlearned; lay\
ulfiBti, n. pi. ill-manners, disorder.
T^da
[459]
tJT-RtJBB,
riot; ulog, n. pi. injustice^ lawless^
ness ; at i' logum, in a lawless manner ;
ulogliga, adv. illegally.
umaga-aldr, m. inifwrity, fionage,
childhood (vera i. -aldri) ; -eyrir, m.
the money or property of a minor \
-framfcErsla, f. maintenance of pau-
pers^ &c. ; -lauss, a. having no^<x\:i\2i%\ '
to sustain ; -inaSr, m. a person who
has 7nany ' umagar ' to sustain.
u-magi, m. a helpless one, one in-
capable of self -maintenance (includ-
ing children, aged people, men dis-
abled by sickness, paupers, &c.).
u-mak, n., limaki, m., umakindi,
n. pi. trojible ; uniakligr, a. unworthy,
undeserving; umannan, n. a person
fit for nothing; -umannligr, a. ten-
7nafily^ inhuman ; umali, a. speechless,
dumb ; umalugr, a. silent, taciturn ;
umattis, adv. exceedingly, umattr,
m. faintness, swoon ; uniattugr, a.
without strength, weak, infr?n ; ti-
mattuliga, adv. slightly, faintly
(koma u. vi5 hurSina) ; um^ttuligr,
a. ( I ) faint, weak ; (2) impossible ;
umatuliga, adv. immensely ; umegtS,
f. (i) the state of being \iv!\z.g\ ; meQan
erfingjar voru i u., whilst the heirs
were in infancy ; (2) a person in
umegc5 ; sitja fyrir umegSum, to have
' umagar ' to sustai?i ; um-egin, n.
SW0071 ; umeginn, 3.. faint, impotent ;
umegn, n. = umegin ; umegna, v.
impers., e-n limegnir, one faints away ;
umeinn, umeinsamr, a. harmless ;
umennska, f . ( i ) u?imanliness ; ( 2)
inhumanity ; umerkiliga, adv. in-
signifcantly, foolishly ; umerkiligr,
a. {i)i?isignificant, unworthy of notice
(er draumr pessi u. ok mun vera fyrir
veQrum) ; {2) foolish, silly -, umerkr,
a. (i) insignificant, silly; (2) not to
be relied on ; umerktr, pp. unmarked,
of the ears of sheep ; umeskinn, a.
? indifierent.
umetnaSar-samliga, adv. unpre-
tentiously.
u-mettr, pp. unsatiated; umildi, f.
uncharitableness ; umildleikr, m. in-
cleme7icy, severity; umildr, a. (i)
uncharitable ; (2) unrighteous ; u-
minuast (t), v. to be unmindful of
(u. e-s) ; uminni, n. forgetfulness^
oblivion ; uminnigr, a. unmindful,
forgetful.
uminnis-hofgi, m. lethargic sleep ;
-veig, f. draught of oblivion.
u-miskunnsamr, a. U7imerciful ; u-
m.ialyndr, a. even-te7npered ; um^jiik-
liga, a. U7isoftly ; umjukligr, a. i7i-
flexible, stiff; umjiikr, a. Umsoft\
harsh (u. i orSum) ; umoSr, a. not
weary, fresh ; umundangligr, a. ex-
cessive ; umyldr, pp. tmcovered with
earth, unburied; umsmdiligr, a.
shapeless, 7nonstrous ; umaeldr, pp.
un7neasured; limaBliligr, a. un-
bou7ided, i77n7ie7ise; umaBtr, a. void,
worthless ; umaBtta, v. impers., e-n u-
maettir, one loses strength, faints away;
umoetSiliga, adv. without tiring ; u-
moguligr, a. ii7ipossible ; unafnligr,
a. ill-sounding, of a name ; unauSigr,
a. uncompelled, not co7npulsory ; eigi
unauSgari, not less U7nuilling ; undSa
(a6), V. to trouble, disturb ; unacSir,
f. pi. troubles, disttirbance (gera e-m
u.) ; unacSuligr, a. troHblesoi7ie, vexa-
tious ; undtturligr, U7inatural ; u-
neiss, a. ^ unsha77ied\ honourable,
re7iow7ied; uneytr, a. = unytr; u-
notinn, pp. unused ; unogr, a. =
ugnogr ; unuminn, pp. not taken, of
land ; unytja, f. waste ; fara at unytju,
to be wasted ; unytjungr, m. a good-
for-nothing fellozv \ unytsam.ligr,
unytsamr, a. useless ; unyta (-tta,
-ttr), V. (l) to 77iake rise less, spoil,
destroy ; impers., unytti hondina, the
hand beca77ie imfit for use ; (2) to
quash, 77iakevoid (u. logruSning) ; (3)
refl., unytast, to co7ne to naught, be
77iade void, of a suit ; unytr, a. (l)
useless, unfit for use, spoiled (var
honum hondin linyt um daginn) ; (2)
worthless (ill ok unyt er ydur asfi) ;
mdlum vdrum er komit i unytt efni,
our 77iatters ai'e co77ie to a dead-lock ;
unoefr, a. unskilled; uortS, n. bad
language ; uortJasamr, a. chary of
words ^ resej^ed; uortSinn, ^^.futu7e ;
uortSsaBll, a. in bad repute ; upini-
ligr, a. free fro7n pai7i ; uprofatSr,
pp. ^lnproven ; uprutSliga, adv. tm-
gallantly ; upruSr, a. inelegant ;
T^PRYDI
[460]
USINNILIGR
uprf^SU f. (l) inelegancy\ (2) = of-
prydi, excess of pride.
ur, n. drizzli7ig rain,
ur, prep., see 'or'.
ti-ragr, a. not cowardly,
ti-rammligr, a. not strong,
lirar-horn, n. ur-ox horn.
li-raskacSr, pp. undisturbed,
u-ratS, n. (i) bad counsel^ ill-advised
step ; (2) evil design.
urac5a-mannliga, adv. improperly.
u-raSan, f. = uia6 ; urac5andi, pr. p.
7iot to be counselled in any strait ;
uratShollr, a. self-willed (heimskr
madr ertu ok u.) ; uratSinn, pp. (i)
unsettled, waverings (2) not haviftg
made up one's mind (E. kvaSst u, til
at bcEta f(6).
urd$-leitinn, a. seeking no expe-
dients-^ -liga,Sidv.jfnadvisedly; -ligr,
a. unadvisable, inexpedient ; -vandr,
a. dishonest ; -vendi, f. disho?iesty,
wickedness ; -J)aBgr, a. taking no ad-
vice, self-willed.
u-refjusamr, a. untrickish ; urefs-
ingasamr, a. remiss in punishing ;
ureitSr, a. impassable on horseback \
ureicSr, a. not wroth, calm.
ureitSu-matSr, m. unruly man.
u-reng§r, urendr, pp. undressed {f),
of flax and linen ; urettliga, adv. ifn-
properly ; lir^ttligr, a. unjust, law-
less ; ur6ttr, a. un?'ight, incorrect ;
ur6ttviss, a. unrighteous, unjust.
urig-hlyra, a. indecl. wet-cheeked,
weeping (poet.).
urigr (ace. urgan), a. wet.
lirigr, a. ill-tempered, vicious.
■li-ritinn, pp. unwritten ; lirifliga,
adv. unfavourably; urifligr, a. (i)
bad, unfavourable ; (2) scanty ; urik-
borinn, pp. of low birth ; urikmann-
liga,adv. hiunbly; urikr, a. jmmighty,
humble ; urotinn, pp. unrotteti ;
uro, f. unrest, restless7iess, trouble,
uroar-matSr, m. peace-disturber.
u-roast (aSj, v. refl. /i? become rest-
less, unruly ; uroi, m. = uro ; uro-
liga, adv. restlessly ; uror, a. restless,
uneasy (hestrinn gorist uror).
urr (gen, urar),m. the ur-ox \ urus.
ur-r8Bt5i, n., see ' orrseSi ' ; -skurtSr,
m., see * orskurdr *.
ur-svalr, a. wet-cold, cold and dank \
-vaeta, f. drizzling rain, = ur.
u-ryrliga, adv. unscantily, largely ;
ur£83t, n. filth, nastiness ; urassti-
\\.'gVf2L. filthy \ urcekiliga, adv. negli-
gently ; uroekinn, a. negligent ; li-
roekja (-ta, -tr), v. to neglect', li-
roekt, f . neglect, negligence (u. boSorQa
|3inna).
uroektar-J)okki, m. dislike.
u-roskr, a. slovenly ; usagSr, pp.
unsaid; usakaSr, pp. unhurt (heill
ok u.) ; usakgsefr, a. inoffensive ;
lisaltr, a. unsalted, fresh ; usambflBri-
ligr, a. discordant ; usamjafn, a. un-
equal; usamr, a. unwilling; usam-
virSiligr, a. incomparable ; usam-
J)ykki, n. disagj-eement; usanna (at5),
V. to refute; usannligr, a. (i) im-
probable; {2.) U7t just, unfair; usannr,
a. (i) untrue ; (2) not guilty (u. e-s
or at e-u) ; usannsasr, a. U7ifair ;
usaurgacSr, pp. undefiled; usainn,
pp. unso%uti; usarr, a. (l) not sore,
not smarting; (2) unwounded; usatt,
f. disagree77te7it, displeasure ; at u. e-s,
without 07ie's conse7it ; usattan, n.=
lisatt ; usattfiiss, a. U7ico77ip7'077iising ;
usattr, a. disagreeing, U7ireconciled\
usetSjanligr, a. insatiable ; usekja,
f., in the phrase, at usekju, with im-
punity ; usekr, a. not guilty, guilt-
less ; us61igr, a. unsightly ; usendi-
ligr, a. 7iot fit to be sent ; us6nn, pp.
unseen ; usetligr, a. i7nproper, tm-
see7nly ; usettr, pp. U7isettled (sva at
usett se mdlunum) ; usitSblendr, a.
u7tsociable ; lisiSlatr, a. un7nannered,
barbarous, rude; lisitSligr, a. ill-
77ian7iered; usitSlaBti, n. i7idecency,
bad 77ianners ; lisitSr, m. barbarity;
pi. i77i7norality ; usitJsamligr, a.
i7ideLent ; usiSsemd, f. i7idecency ;
usiSugr, a. ill-77ian7iered, wicked^
barbarous ; lisitSvandr, a. disorderly ;
lisiglandi, pr. p. 7tot fit for sailings
of weather; usigndr, pp. without
77iaki7tg the sign of the cross ; usigr,
m. defeat ; hafa, {^.u., to be defeated',
usigranligr, a. invi7icible ; usigr-
samr, usigrsaell, a. not victorious \
usigrvaenligr, a. not pro7nisi7tg vic-
tory ; usinniligr, a. 7iot likely to help ;
T^SJAIiDAN
[461]
T^STYRKR
6sjaldan, adv. not seldom ; usjdlf-
ratSr, a. beyond ojte's own control',
bezt at s^r um Jjat allt, er henni var
usjalfratt, best gifted in everything
that was not m her own power ;
usjukr, a. not ill, well\ uskaddr,
pp. unscathed.
li-skap, n. (i) hostility, spleen, ill-
humour ; (2) pi., liskop, evil fate
(verda fyrir uskopum).
uskapa-verk, n. ill-fated work,
deed do7ie by evil fate.
uskap-bracSr, a. calm-minded, well-
tetnpered ; -felldr, pp. disagreeable to
one's mind, unpleasant ; e-m er -fellt
um e-t, one is displeased with ; -felli-
liga, adv. disagreeably ; -gaefr, a. not
gentle, moody ; -lettr, a. 7iot light-
minded', e-m er -lett, one is in bad
humour; -liga,, adv. e?iormously; im-
moderately ; -ligr, a. agai?ist nature^ s
order, monstrous, horrible ; -likr, a.
unlike in temper ; -storr, a. not proud-
te7npered ; -tiSr, a. not to one's mind ;
-vaerr, a. restless of temper ; -I)ekkr,
a. U7ipleasant.
u-skeifligr, a. not awfy ; uskeini-
samr, -hasttr, a. not hurtful', u-
skelfdr, pp. tinshaken, undautited;
uskelfr, a. untrembling ; uskertSr,
pp. utidiminished, whole, entire ;
liskil, n. pi. tmfair dealings, improper
treatment (gera e-m u.).
uskila-matSr, m. an unready itian,
■uskil-fenginn, pp. illegiti?nate
(moSir -fengin) ; -getinn, pp. not
born in wedlock.
u-skiljanligr, a. unintelligible', u-
Bkilrikiliga, adv. unfairly ; liskil-
s(arQ)liga, adv. unjustly ; uskipti-
ligr, a. indivisible; uskirborinn,
pp. not born in wedlock ; uskirlifi, n.
■u?iclea7t life ; uskirr, a. (i) uficlean,
impure ; (2) indistinct (uskirt m^l) ;
uskorat5r, pp. unchallenged, without
reservation ; uskorinn, pp. uncut ;
uskuggaaamligr, a. tmsuspicious ;
uskuldvarr, a. incautious in incur-
ri?ig debts ; uskundi, m. affrojit (gera
e-m uskunda) ; uskuatSr, pp. unshod;
uskygn, a. dim-sighted; uskygnleiki,
m. difH-sightedness ; uskyldr, a. (i)
not related; (2) e-m er e-t uskylt, it is
not one's duty, does not concern one ;
uskyldugr, a. undue.
uakyn-samliga, adv. unreasonably ;
-samligr, a. (i) irrational, foolish ;
(2) unintelligent; -samr, 3.. foolish;
-semd, -semi, f. tmreason.
li-skyti (gen. uskytja), m. bad
marksman; uskyrr, a. (i) stupid;
(2) indistinct ; uskesrleikr, m. want
of transparency ; usleginn, pp. tm-
vwwfi; usleitiliga, adv. tmsJirink-
ingly; drekka u., to drink without
heeltaps; usl6tta, f. uneve^iness ;
uslettr, a. uneven, tmlevel ; uslitinn,
pp. untorn, unbroken up ; usljor, a.
not blunt; uslottigr, a. not wily,
uslyngr, a. unskilled; uslsBliga,
adv. not slowly, sharply (hoggva u.) ;
usloegr, a. not sly, not cunning;
uslpkkviligr, a. inextinguishable ;
usmar, a. 7iot small, great ; e-m fellr
e-t lismdtt, a thing has no difficulties
to one; usnilld, f. {i) folly ; (2) lack
of eloquence ; usnjallr, a. unskilled,
umvise ; usnjosamr, a. void of snow
(vetr godr ok u.) ; usnotr, a. unwise;
usnotrmannligr, a. dull, faint;
usoltinn, pp. not hungry ; usomi,
m. dishonour, disgrace ; usottnasmr,
a. not apt to be taken ill ; uspakliga,
adv. tumulttwusly ; uspakligr, a. (i)
unwise, foolish ; (2) tmruly, turbu-
lent; uspakr, a. (i) unwise; (2)
restless, unruly ; lisparliga, adv. un-
spariiigly ; usparr, a. unsparing ;
uspaligr, a. U7iprophetic ; uspeki,
uspekt, f. ticrbtiletice, uproar.
uspektar-fert5, f. 7'aid; -maSr, m.
toiruly person, peace-disturbc r.
u-spilliligr, a. inviolable ; uspilltr,
pp. inviolate; unspoiled; taka til
uspilltra mala, to fight out in 7-eal
ear7iest ; uspurall, a. 7iot inquisitive ;
ustacSfastr, a. U7isteadfast; ustat5-
festa, f. unsteadfast7tess ; ustarf-
samx, a. re77iiss in work, idle ; ustef-
liga, adv. disorderly ; usterkr, a. not
strong, weak ; ustilling, f. vehejnence ;
ustilltr, pp. i7itemperate ; ustund, f.
disregard (leggja u. d e-t) ; ustyrk-
jast (t), V. refl. to grow infir77i ;
ustyrkleikr, m. infir77iity ; ustyrkr,
m. weakness ; ustyrkr, a. weak.
USTYRKT
[462]
UTBODA-BRi^F
feeble ; ustyrkt, f. infirmity ; ustyri-
latr, a. u?igover7iable ; ustotSugr, a.
unsteady^ unsettled'^ ustotSuligr, a.
unstable'^ lisundrskilligr, a. z«-
separable\ usurr, a. not sour] usvdss,
a. un7nild {viSvAst ve6r) ; usvefnsamr,
a. «<?/ sleepy ; e-m ver6r -samt, one
cannot sleep ; lisvefnugr, a. not sleepy ;
usvif.nn, usvifr, a. coarse, impudent,
overbearing', usvifrungr, m. enemy,
usvinnr, a. unwise ; usvipligr, a.
ill-looking; lisvipt, a. n., see 'osvipt' ;
usyknligr, a. /^^/>', disjnal ; usyndr,
a. «^/ rt^/<? /^ j-wz;;/ ; us3mju, adv.
without fiiresight, unwisely ; -usyni-
liga, adv. invisibly ; usyniligr, a. (i)
invisible; {i) unlikely ; ij^) unsightly,
ugly ; usynn, a. uncertain (usynar
hefndir) ; ussBbrattr, a. not steep to-
ivards the sea ; useell, a. wretched \
ussBlligr, a. joyless, ill-favoured ;
usastiligr, a. intolerable ; usaBtt, f,
lisfiBtti, n. = usdtt ; usoekiligr, a.
i?j7pregnable ; usoema (-da, -dr), v.
to dishonour ; usoemd, f. ( i) disgrace,
dishonour', (2) impropriety.
usoemdar-hlutr, m. contumely ;
-ort5, n. unseefnly language.
•u-soeniiliga, adv. dishonourably,
unbecomingly, uscBmiligr, a. (i) un-
seemly, (2) unworthy of (li. e-s) ;
UBoemr, a. unbecoming, unseemly ;
usoera (-tSa, -t5r), v. to break (u. sinn
eid) ; UBoerr, a. not to be taken, of an
oath ; usongvinn, a. unwilling to
chant prayers.
ut, adv. (i) out, towards the outer
side, opp. to 'inn' (ut ok inn meS
hverjum firSi) ; kalla menn ut, out of
doors ; ut or, out of, out from ; lit
munninn, out of the mouth ; (2) of
time, ut jol, all through Yule; (3)
Mta ut, to stand out to sea ; esp. of
going out to Iceland from Norway,
opp. to ' utan ' (far J)u til Islands ut) ;
koma lit hingat, or simply, koma lit,
to come to Iceland; also of other far
countries (fara lit til Jorsala) ; (4)
with verbs; brenna lit, to burn out;
bjoSa lit liQi, to levy troops.
u-tal, n. countless number ; utal-
hlytSinn, a. not heeding advice, hard
to persuade ; litalitSr (utaldr, utal-
inn), pp. untold, uncounted; utalligr,
a. iniiumerable, countless ; utamdr,
pp. untamed (hross litamit).
utan, adv. ( i ) from without, from
outside ; (2) from abroad, from Ice-
land; fara li., to go abroad, from Ice-
land (spurSi {>6rarinn Gliim, hvart
hann aetladi li., sem hann var vanr) ;
me6an hann vasri li., whilst he was
abroad; (3) without motion, outside ;
basSi li. ok innan, both outside afid
inside; (4) conj. except, but (var folk
allt 1 svefni li. m66ir hans) ; (5) as
prep, with ace, without (li. frasnda
rd5) ; with gen. (li. saetta) ; (6) fyrir
li., outside, beyond, with ace. (fyrir li.
f>j6rsd).
utan-bortSs, adv. overboard{sX.t.-^'^2i'sX
-borSs) ; -borgar, adv. without the
town ; -brautar, adv. out of the way ;
-eygtSr, a. = uteygr; -fertS, f. a jour-
ney abroad; -tjart5ar, adv. outside
the firth ; -fjorSungs, adv. outside
the quarter; -fotar, adv. on the out'
side of the foot {leg) ; -for, f. = -fer6 ;
-gar^a, adv. outside the yard [house) ;
-garSs, adv. outside the fence ; -g^tta,
adv. out-of-door; -hera^s, adv. out'
side the district ; -hrepps, adv. out'
side the poor-district; -lands, adv.
abroad (Jjii mant -lands deyja).
utanlands-matJr, m. foreigner ;
-sitSir, m. pi. outlandish, foreign
fnanners (eigi kanntu-si5u manna).
■utan-lendis, adv. = -lands ; -laBrs,
adv. outside the thigh ; -soknar, adv.
outside the parish ; -stefhing, f. a
summons abroad ; -vertJr, a. outward,
outside, outer part of.
litar, adv. com par. farther out^
farther ofi^ (yoxM J)eir komnir sv^ langt
lit, at hastt var at sitja ii.) ; Hriitr sat
li. frd Hoskuldi, H. sat nearer the
door than H.
ut-arfi, m. collateral heir.
utar-la, -liga, adv. far out ; sitja
-liga, to sit 7iear the efitraftce ; -meirr,
adv. compar. y&r///<?;' out.
utarst, adv. cora^dLX. farthest out.
ut-beit, f. grazing (g66 -beit) ; -botJ,
n. levy, conscription, of ships and
men (jarl haf6i litbod mikit).
utbot5a-br6f, n. writ of conscription.
UT-BORDI
[463]
iJti-vist
VLt-hor^U m. the outboard, seaward
side\ -borg, f. outworks \ -bijotr, m.
outburst ; -brotning, f. outbreak ;
-burtSr, m. (i) a bearing otit \ (2)
exposure (of an infant) ; an exposed
child \ -hiiinn, pp.^/ted out ; -byrtSis,
adv. 02/erboard ; -dalr, m. a valley
near the coast, opp. to 'fjalldalr' ;
-dyrr, f. pi. = utidyrr.
li-teitr, a. not gladsotne ; utekinn,
pp. not taken, unleased ; utelgdr, pp.
uncarved; uteljanligr, a. innumer-
able (t)ar verfia -lig t^kn).
ut-ey, f. out-lying island-, -eygtSr,
-eygr, 2i. goggle-eyed; -fall, n. ebbing,
ebb, reflux of the tide.
utfarar-, gen. from 'utfor'; -drapa,
f . a poem on a voyage to Palestifte ;
-leyfi, n. the king's leave to return to
Iceland from Norway ; -saga, f . a
story of a voyage to Palestine ; -skip,
n. a ship for a voyage to Palestine.
ut-fero, f. ( I ) a journey to a remote^
outlying place ; {2) Journey to Icela?id.
titferSar-leyfi, n. = utfararleyfi ;
-saga, f. = utfarar-saga.
ut-fir(5ir, m. pi. the outer fjords ;
-firi, n. ebbing ; -foeri, n. expedient ;
-fcettr, a. splay-footed, = utskeifr ;
-for, f. (i) = -fer3 ; (2) burial (var
hennar -for gor soemilig eptir fornum
sid) ; -ganga,f. (i) a goi?tg out {from
a house) ; (2) passage ; (3) paymejit,
discharge', -gangr, m. (i) a going
out ; (2) passage ; -gar^ar, m. pi. the
outer building; foera e-n vi6 -garda,
to throw one to the wall; foera e-n
um -garda, to cast one out; -gjald, n.
(i) paymefit, discharge; (2) outlay,
fine ; -greizla, f. discharge ; -grunn,
n. = -grynni ; -grunnr, a. shoali?ig
gradually front the shore; -grynni,
n. shalloivness stretchi7ig out from the
shore (sakir straums ok utgrynnis).
utgongu-leyfi, n. leave to go out.
ut-g0r(S, f. outfitting, of a war ex-
pedition ; -haf, n. the out-sea, ocean ;
-halfa, f. outskirts ; -heimta, f. crav-
ing for payjuent ; -helling, f . out-
pourifig, shedding (-helling bl66s) ;
-hey, n. hay of the unmanured out-
fields ; -hla(5a, f. outlying barn ;
-hlaup, n. raid, sally, excursion.
lithlaups-mat^r, m. raider, pirate ;
-skip, n. pirate ship.
ut-horn, n. out-skirt, out-corner;
-hverfr, a. turned inside out ; -hysa
(-ta, -t), V. to deny shelter to a stranger ,
with dat. ; -hysi, n. outlying house ;
-hofn, f. carrying out to Iceland.
_ liti, adv. (i) out, out-of-doors (u. ok
inni) ; liggja u., to lie in the open air^
houseless ; byrgja u., to shut out ;
ver3a li., to be lost, perish, in a snow-
storm or in a desert ; (2) out at sea ;
peir voru u. J)rjar vikur, they %vere out
three weeks ; drekka jol u., to hold
Yule out at sea ; haf a her u., to have
afieet out ; (3) at an end, over (mi er
u. sd. timi).
liti-bur, n. out-house, store-house ;
-dyrr, f. pi. outer door; -fe, n. cattle
that graze outside in the winter ;
-fugl, m. wild-fowl, opp. to * alifugl ' ;
-gangr, m. grazing out in the winter.
utigangs-jortS, f., g63 -jorQ, land
with good winter-grazi?ig.
li-tiginn, a. having no title; utiginn
madr, cojmnoner.
liti-hurS, f. outer door; -hiis, n.
o2ct-house; -kamarr, m. an outside
privy ; -klukka, f . outside bell ;
-lega, f. ^ out-lyifig', of robbers or
highwaymen ; piracy (Eirikr bl650x
var 1 -legu ok 1 hernaSi).
utilegu-ma^r, m. highwayman,
pirate ; -viktngr, m. pirate ; -pjofr,
m. highwayman.
u-tiiheyriligr, a. improper; utili,
m. mischance ; utillatsamr, a. un-
yielding ; utilleitinn, a. i?iofi'ensive ;
utiltoekiligr, a. inexpedient.
u-titSr, a. rare, infrequent.
utima-dagr, m. day of jnisfortune,
evil day (J)etta er -dagr).
u-timi, m. evil time, misfortune,
affliction (utimar ok ugaefur) ; utir-
ligr, a. imsightly, wretched.
uti-r6(5r, m. = utr66r ; -seta, f. a
sitting out in the open air, esp. of
wizards for the practice of sorcery.
utisetu-maSr, m. zvizard (sitting
out at night).
uti-skemma, f. an outlying, de-
tached house ; -vist, f. a being out at
sea ; hafa -vist langa, a long voyage.
tT-jQ-RB
[464]
UT-VIGI
iit-j6rt5, f. outlyin^^ estate ; -kastsli,
m. = -borg ; -kirkja, f. outlying
church ; -koma, -kvaraa, f.(l) coming
out ; (2) arrival in Icela7id ; -kvaemt,
a. n., eiga -kvasmt, to be permitted to
return to Iceland; -laga, a. indecl.
outlawed^ banished', -laga (at5), v. to
deprive one of his possessions (-laga
e-n af sinu gozi) ; refl., -lagast, to be
fined \ -lagtSr, pp. outlawed, banished',
-lagi, m. outlaw, -lagr, a. (i) out-
lawed, banished; (2) having to pay a
fine, fined, with the fine in dat. (verfia
-lagr um e-t, J)rem morkum) ; i^,) for-
feited (t)d eru buSirnar -lagar vi5
pann, er landit d) ; -lausn, f. (i) re-
donptioti, from captivity ; (2) ransom
(bj65a Helju -lausn, ef hon vill lata
fara Baldr heim 1 Asgard) ; (3) dis-
missal of guests (voru ok gjafir storar
at -lausnum) ; -lat, n. (i) ptittifig out
to sea (t)ar var Englandsfar albiiit til
-Idts) ; (2) pi. outlays', -legS, f. (i)
banishmetit, exile (reka e-n 1 -leg3) ;
{2) fine (t)riggja marka -leg6).
titlegt5ar-raat$r, m. exile; -sok, f.
finable case ; -timi, m. time of exile.
ut-leggjast, V. refl. to be fined;
-leiS, f. the outer course, at sea,=haf-
lei6 ; -leitSi, n. = -leifi ; -leit5is, adv.
on the outer course (snua -leiflis) ;
-leizla, f. (i) ^ leading out' of guests,
taking leave of them after an enter-
tainment (veizlan var hin vegsamligsta
ok-leizlan hin skoruligsta) ; (2) burial
(jarlinn andaSist ok var gor virOulig
-leizla hans) ; -lenda, f. outlying
estate, opp, to 'heimaland'; -lend-
ast, V. (i) to travel abroad; (2)
settle abroad ; -lendingr (-s, -ar), m.
foreigner ; -lendis, adv. abroad.
utlendis-macSr, m.. foreigner.
ut-lendr, a. outlandisJi, foreign ;
-lenzka, {.foreign idiom ; -lenzkr, a.
= -lendr (t)arlenzkr ok utlenzkr).
utlima-smar, -storr, a. having
small, large, hands and feet,
ut-l8Bgja (-(5a, -tSr), v. to banish ;
-IsBgr, a. banished, outlawed; -lond,
n. pi. {\) outlying fields; {2) foreign
countries (sem titt var i -londum) ; (3)
outlyifig provmces ({)d. bygSust -lond,
Faereyjar ok Island) ; -messa, f. after^
noon service ; -mokstr, m. shovelling
out, digging ; -nes, n. outlying ness ;
-norSr, n. north-west; -nyrtSingr,
m. north-west %vind ; -ras, n. ( i ) sally,
sortie (gera -rdsir i. hendr e-m) ; (2)
outlet, oiitfiow.
u-trau'6r, a. not reluctant, willing;
neut., litrautt, as adv. quite; utraustr,
a. untrusty, insincere, weak ; utregr,
a. unreluctant, willing.
ut-reit5, f. riding out, expedition;
-r6t5r, m. rowing out to fish (hann let
J)a6an soekja -r66ra).
utr65rar-ma5r, m. one who rows
out to fish, deep-sea fisherjnan.
u-tru, f. unbelief faithlessness ; ti-
truatSr, pp. unbelievirig ; utriianligr,
a. incredible ; utrufastr, a. unbeliev-
ing; utruleikr, m. {i) faithlessness;
(2) unbelief; utruliga, adv. (i) un-
faithfully ; (2) incredibly ; utruligr,
a. (l) incredible; (2) suspicious^ not
to be depended on ; utrunatSr, m.
faithlessness ; utrur, a. {\) faithless ;
(2) Ufibelieving ; utrygS, i. faithless^
ness, falseness ; utryggligr, a. not to
be trusted ; utryggr, a. faithless^ not
to be trusted.
ut-roec5i, n. = -r66r ; -seldr, pp. lost
(ollum l^otti konungr -seldr, ef hann
fceri vi6 annan mann) ; -sending, f.
sending out ; -sigling, f. sailing out
to Icelafid; -sjar, -sjor, m. the ocean ;
-skagi, m. = -nes ; -skeifr, a. splay-
footed ; -sker, n. ' 07it-skerry ', distant
skerry ; -skyra (-cSa, -$r), v. to ex-
plain ; -skyring, f. explanation, inter-
pretation ; -sog, n. the backward fiow
of the surf; -sott, f. dysentery ; -stafr,
m. outward post; -strond, f, out-
lyiftg strand; -suc^r, n. the south-
west, opp. to 'landsuSr'; -sunnan,
B.di'v, from the sotith-west.
utsunnan-vetSr, n. = utsynningr.
lit-synningr, m. south-westerly gale;
-valning, f. election ; -vega (a^), v.
to procure ; -vegr, m. if) a way out\
(2) expedient, means of escape (ongan
-veg a hon nema renna undan) ; (3)
state of affairs (segir hann konungi
allan -veg J)ann, sem var d.) ; -ver, n.
outlyiftg fishing station ; -vinna, f.
service at sea ; -vigi, n. out-work ;
UT-VIK
[465]
UVIDR
-vlk, f. outlying creek \ -vdrtSr, m.
out-post \ -J)ytSing, f. commentary^
interpret a tiofi .
u-t8Bpiliga, adv. (i) unsparingly \
{i) fully ; kenna li., to feel it un7ms-
takably, smart sorely ; litaepr, a. not
scant, ample \ utoluligr, a. count-
less \ uumroeSiligr, a. unspeakable \
liumskiptiligr, a. unchangeable', li-
unatSaamr, a. discontented \ uut-
skyranligr, a. inexpressible ; uvaldr,
a. innocent', n. e-s, not guilty of',
uvaltr, a. not shaky ; uvandatSr, pp.
cotnmon, vile.
"livand-blcBtr, a. easily satisfied ;
-fenginn, a. «^/ hard to get ; -g6rr,
a. reguif ing little pains.
u-vandi, m. e7'il habit.
uvand-launa^r, pp. easy to repay ;
-leikinn, pp. easy to deal with (synist
mer nii -leikit vi3 hann) ; -liga, adv.
(i) carelessly, (2) not quite (fell J)ar
-liga lit sjorinn).
u-vandr, a. 7iot difficult, plain ; u. at
e-u, not particular about a thing',
hversu livant hann Idt gera vi6 sik,
how little pretensions he 7nade ; uvani,
m. (l ) watit of practice ; (2) bad habit ;
livarandi, pr. p. unaware ; livarliga,
adv. unwarily ; uvarligr, a. unwary,
imprudejit ; uvarmaBltr, pp. unwary
in speech', uvarr, a. (i) unaware \
koma at e-m iivorum, kom e-m i.
uvart, to co7ne unawares ttpon one,
take one by surprise ; (2) U7iwary ;
uvarugtS, f. 7inwariness ; livaskr, a.
cowardly ; uvetSr, n. bad weather,
stor77i ; uvetSran, uvetSratta, f. =
uve5r ; uvegligr, a. undistinguished,
unhonoured', uvegr, m. sha7ne, dis-
ho7iour', uveitull, a. unspending,
close', uvendiliga, adv. carelessly,
wretchedly, badly ; uvendiligr, a.
wretched, 77iean.
uvendis-ma^r, m. discreditable per-
S071 (at gefa slikum -manni mat).
u-venja, f. bad habit ; uvercSr, a. (i)
U7iworthy, tmdese7'ving\ {2) guiltless
(lAta uverSa menn gjalda reiSi sinnar) ;
uvertSugr, a. unworthy, undeserving
of {vl. e-s) ; liverk, n. wicked deed',
liverkan, f.,uverkna$r, m. = uverk ;
tivesall, a. not wretched', uvic5buinn.
pp. unprepared', uvitSrkvfflmiligr, a.
unbeco77iing', tivitSrskiljanliga, adv.
inseparably ; uvili, m., at uvilja e-s,
against one's good-will ; uviljatSr, a.,
uviljandi, pr. p. unwilli7ig, uni7i-
tentional', uviljugr, a. U7iwilling,
with infin. (li. vin at drekka) ; uvilltr,
pp.freefro77i heresy, orthodox.
uvina-fagnatSr, m. (i) joy to one's
foes (gerdu eigi J)ann -fagnaQ, at |)u
rjufir ssett J)ina) ; (2) welco77ii7ig 07te's
foes {\€r kollum slika vist -fagnaS).
u-vindtta, f. e7imity, ti7ifrie7idli7tess ;
uvtndligr, a. not windy ; uvinfengi,
n., livingan, f. unfrie7idliness, bad
feeli7ig', uvingast (atSj, v. refl. to
show en77iity towards a perso7i (ek
vilda i fyrstu uvingast vi6 J)ik).
uvin-gjarnliga, adv. in an U7i'
friendly 7na7i7ier ; -gjarnligr, a. un-
friendly, hostile ; -liga, adv. = -gjarn-
liga ; -ligr, a. = -gjarnligr.
u-vinnanligr, a. invi7icible.
u-vinr, 2.. foe, ene7)iy.
uvin-saela (-da), v., -ssela sik, to
7nake oneself disliked', refl., -s^last =
-saela sik ; -saeld, f. unpopularity, dis-
favour ; -s8b11, a. U7ipopular, disliked',
-veittr, a. (i) hostile, of persons ; (2)
U7ipieasant, disagreeable, of things.
u-virtSa (-rtSa, -r(5r), v. to disregard^
slight ; uvircSanligr, a. inesti7nable,
huge ; uvirc5iligr, a. C07ite77iptible,
scornful; ixMvc^va^^i. disgrace', gera
u. til e-s, to scor7i ; uvirt5uligr, a.=
uvirdiligr ; uvirtSr, pp. U7ivalued (u.
eyrir) ; uvirkr, a. out of work, idle ;
uvistligr, a. tmfit fof habitation ;
uvit, n. inse7tsibility, swoo7i ; falla i
u., to faint, fall into a swoo7t ; honum
helt vid u., he was near fainti7ig away ;
uvita, a. indecl. senseless, insane ;
livitand, f. ignorance ; uvitandi, pr.
p. ig7iorant of (u. e-s) ; at e-m uvit-
anda, without 07ie's knowledge ; {)u
gerQir ]3at u., uni7itentionally ; uviti,
m. idiot; livitr, a. tmwise, foolish;
uvitra, f., uvitrleikr, vi\. foolishness ;
uvitrligr, a. foolish ; uvitsamligr,
a. foolish ; uvitugr, a. ignora7it of
(u. e-s) ; uvizka, f. wa7tt of foresight,
foolish7iess ; uvizkr, a. foolish, silly ;
uvitSa, adv. /« but few places; uvi§r,
Hh
UVIGBR
[466]
T^I>YKT
a. narrow in circumferefice ; livig^r,
pp. unconsecrated ; uvigliga, adv. in
a state unfit for war ; uvigligr, a.
unmartial\ livigr, a. (i) U7iable to
fights disabled', (2) li. herr, a7i over-
w he lining, irresistible host ', uvikjan-
ligr, a. unyielding; uvisa, f. douctfiil
bearings hostility (syna sik i uvisu vi5
e-n) ; livisast (at5), v. refl. to show
hostility against (u. mot kirkju gu3s).
uvisa-vargr, m. a sudden, unfore-
seen fnisfortune (var I)at peim hinn
mesti -vargr).
u-visligr, a. unwise., foolish ; uviss,
a. (l) unwise., foolish ; (2) ignorant
of (u. e-s) ; (3) unknown (uvisir eru
monnum h^ttir hans) ; (4) uncertain,
doubtful ; uvsBgi, f. overbearing tem-
per \ uveegiliga, adv. un7nercifully ,
violently ; uvsagiligr, a. not to be
weighed \ uvaBginn, a. unyielding,
headstrong; uvaegr, a. unmerciful
(grimmr ok u.) ; livaBnkast (a(5), v.
to grow less hopeful, of one's chance ;
uvsBnliga, adv. with small chance of
success, unpro7ni singly, badly ; horfa
li., to look hopeless ; uvfiBnligr, a.
unpro77iising, leavifig little hope of f
success; uvasnn, a. (i) «= uvasnligr
(uvasnt rd6) ; (2) not to be expected,
not likely (J)ykkir mer uvaenna, at
hann komi skjott d. minn fund) ; u. til
e-s, unlikely to a thi7ig; e-t horfir
livaent, it looks hopeless ; uvserast, v.
refl. to beco77ie restless ; uvaertS, livsBri,
f. uneasiness, itch ; uvserr, a. restless,
uneasy ; uvasrt er mer, I feel U7ieasy ;
gera e-m uv^rt, to 77iake uneasy, har-
ass; uvsBttr, f. (and m.) evil spirit ^
mo7ister ; uyfirfoeriligr, a. i7npass-
able; uyfirstigligr, -stiganligr, a.
insur7nountable ; uyndi, n. feeling of
restlessness, irkso?7teness, discontent
sumir segja, a5 hon hafi tortimt ser
af uyndi).
uyndis-orrffiSi, n. an exire7ne mea-
sure, dire expedient.
u-J)akMdtr, a. U7ig7ateful; uj)akk-
IsBti, n. ing7-atitude ; ut)akkn8Bmr,
a. unthankfiil \ uj)arfi, a. needless,
want 071 ; uj)arfliga, adv. har77ifully,
mischievously \ u{)arfr, a. (i) unsuit-
able, useless (u. e-m) ; (2) doing harm.
to one (u. e-m) ; tiSindi mikil ok uJ)orf,
ve7y bad news ; uj)efjan, f., u]3efr, m.
stench, foul S77iell ; uj)ekkiligr, a.
repulsive, disagreeable ; •u{)ekkr, a.
disag7eeable (flestum monnum u.) ;
u|)ekt, f. (i) dislike (leggja u. til e-s) ;
{1) a disgusting thing, offe7isive S7nell
or taste.
uj)ektar-f6r, f. hateful journey ;
-ligr, a. offe7isive, disgusti7ig ; -svipr,
m. slight, offence (syna e-m -svip).
ul)erri-samr, a. wet (sumar -samt).
u-t)essligr, a. not like that ; u]ping-
foerr, a. toiahle to go to the J)ing ;
uj)insliga, adv. i7i a ?7ianner U7i'
worthy of thee ; u{)j6tS, f. evil people^
rabble ; u{)j6fligr, a. not likely to be a
thief; "uJ)okka (atS), v. to disparage ;
refl.,ut)okkast, to grow angry , annoyed,
or discontented (with, or at a person
or thing) ; •iiI)okkatSr, pp. disliked,
abhorred', mer er u{)okkat til |3eira, /
loathe the77i.
uJ)okka-d£Bl, i.filthy hollow ; -ferS,
f. hostile journey ; -gripr, m. nasty
tJn7ig; -iiga, adv. disco7itentedly;
ligr, a. dirty, nasty ; -svipr, m.
'rozvning mien, cross counte7iance ',
8 sell, a. tmpopular, disliked; -visa,
f. obscene ditty.
u-I)okki, m. dislike, disfavour, dis-
pleasure (fd. uJ)okka e-s, af e-m) ;
uJ)ol, n. i77ipatie7ice ; uJ)olandi, pr. p.,
uJ)olanligr, a. intolerable ; u{)oli, m.
restlessness ; uJ)oliiim6t5r, a, i77i-
patient ; uJ)olinmoetSi, f. impatie7ice ;
ut)olinn, a. unenduring ; ■uJ)olligr, a.
^mbearahle ; uporan, n.faint-hearted'
ness; ut^orstlatr, a. ttot causing
thirst; uprifinn, a. unthrifty, slug-
gish ; uJirifnaSr, m. slothfulness,
sluggishness ; uprjotanligr, a. never
ceasing; uj)rj6zkr, a. not refractory^
ut)rotinn, pp. tiever tiring', uprot-
llgr, a. never failing, inexhaustible',
ujjrottligr, 2i. feeble; uI)raBlsligr, a.
7iot like a thrall ; uj)urft, f. scathe^
har77i (gera e-m e-t til upurftar).
upurftar-matSr, m. ill-doer, offender,
upvera-samr, a. scabbed.
u.-J)veri, m. scab, skin disease; "d-
t)ykkja, f. = uj)ykt ; uj)ykkr, a. not
thick; ul)ykt, f. discord, ill-will'.
Ul>YRMILiaA
[467]
VAKA
u{)3mniliga, adv. roughly^ harshly ;
u{)yrmiligr, a. harsh, umnerciful ; u-
J)yrniir, m. merciless being \ ut)yrstr,
a. not thirsty, ut)yt5ligr, u{)yt5r, a.
unfriendly, rough \ ut)8BgS, f. dislike ;
ubaegiligr, a. disa^^reeable; ut)eBgja
(-Oa, -t), V. /^ trouble, vex (u. e-m) ;
uJ)aBgr, a. unacceptable ; upokk, f.
displeasure^ reproach ; kunna e-m u.
fyrir e-t, /^ be displeased with one on
account of something ; uaeti, n. uneat-
able thing; liaetr, a. uneatable, unfit
to be eaten ; uoetSr, a. impossible to
wade (vatnfoll uce6) ; ucEtSri, a.
compar. lower in rank ; uoell, a. «^/
/<9 be fed \ licerr, a. «<9^ wa^; uold, f.
bad season, hard times, famine ; uort,
adv. hesitatingly ^ slowly (maela u.;.
vat5, n. wading place, ford ({)ar var
J5d V. d anni, er nu er ekki).
vat5a (vetS; 6t5, otSum, and v6t5,
votSum ; va^inn), v. (l) to wade
through water, snow, smoke, fire (v.
^r, mjoll, reyk, eld) ; absol. to wade
through water ; f'orr 63 til lands, Th.
7uaded ashore ; (2) to rush (Kolskeggr
66 at honum) ; v. at vigi, to rush iftto
fight ; V. fram, to rush forth, in battle ;
hann lastr v. stein til eins Jjeira, he
lets fly a stone at one of them ; hon
let skiran mdlm v., threw gold broad-
cast; (3) v. uppi, to appear above
water (63u limamar uppi, en roetrnar
1 sj6num) ; fig. to be overbearingi^tnm.
tima 63 herra A. mjok uppi).
vatS-bjugr, a. falling slack like a
fishing-line ; fara -bjugr fyrir e-m, to
give in ; -horn, n. a horn fastened
to the gunwale of a boat over which
to draw the fishing-line.
vatSill (pi. vaSlar), m. (i) wading
(vi3 vds ok va31a spiltist mjok meinit);
(2) shallow water, esp. places where
fjords or straits can be passed on
horseback (var floe3r sasvar ok ekki
reitt yfir va31a).
vat5il-sund, n. shallow sound.
vats inn, pp. gone, done with, desti-
tute ; va3in at vilja, joy-bereft.
va^-mal, n. a plain woollen stuff,
wadmal (sex alnir vaSmals).
vatSr (pi. -ir), m. (\) fishing-line \
(2) a line for measuring (draga va3
yfir ]Dveran akrinnj.
vatS-3teinn, m. a stone (serving as a
lead) on a fishing-line.
vaf, n. wrapping', ver3a h'till i vafi,
to be s?nall, insignificant.
vafi., m. doubt, uncertainty .
vafi.n-skepta, f. a7i axe with an
iron-bound handle.
vafka (a^j, v. = vafra.
vafla (at$j, v. = vafra.
vaflanar-for, f. vagrancy.
vafningr, m. entangleinent (J)6tti
ollum horfa til inna mestu vafninga).
vafra (atS), v. to hover about, roam.
vafr-leysa, f. nonsense ; -logi, m.
flickering fiame.
vaf-spjorr, f. a strip of cloth wound
round the leg instead of stockings.
vaga (ac5j, v. to wag, waddle.
vagar, f. pi. sledge ; cf. ' vogur.'
vagga, f. cradle (barn 1 voggu).
vagi, m. beam, esp. an upper cross-
bea7n ; -eygr, a. wall-eyed.
vagn, m. (ij vehicle, sledge, wagon,
carriage ; (2) Charles's Wain.
vagna, f. dolphin or porpoise, =
vogn (sau peir vognu einaj.
vagna-borg, f. raynpart of chariots ;
-braut, f. carriage road; -hvel, n.
wagon-wheel; -li?5, n. host of chariots ',
-meistari, m. master of chariots.
\-a,gn-}iestr,m. chariot-horse ; -Mass,
n. wagon-load; -karl, m. wagoner;
-slet5i, m. sledge-wain; -sl6t5, f.
wagon-track.
vaka fvaki, vakta, vakat), v. (i)
to be awake, to keep awake (hann
hefir vakat i alia n6tt) ; v. yfir e-u, to
watch during the night (v. yfir fe
sinu) ; (2) to awake, = \akna (hann
ba3 hann v. skj6tt).
vaka (gen. pi. vakna), f. (l) waking ;
halda voku sinni. to keep oneself a-
wake ; (2) vigil (fara til bins heilaga
Olafs til voku) ; (3) roe of a saint's day.
VAKKA
[468]
VAL-VEIBR
vakka (a?5), v. to stray ^ hover about,
= vafka (peir letu v. vi6 skipin).
vakna (atS), v. to awake, ivake up
(er hann vakna6i_, ^i. rann dagr upp) ;
menn voknuSu vi3, er hann gekk ut,
men ivoke up just as he went out ; v.
vi6 e-t, to recognize, recollect (t)a vak-
naSi konungr vi6 sett l)eira).
vaknan, f. awakening.
vakna-skeiS, n. vigil-time.
vakr (v6kr, vakrt), a. watchful,
alert, wakeful (v. i boenahaldi).
vakr-liga, adv. nirnbly ; -ligr, a.
watch/til, lively ; -lyndr, a. frisky.
vakta (a^), v. to watch, with ace.
val, n. choice ; hann spurSi hverjar
sogur I vali vasri, what stories there
were to choose among', engi vdru vol
d Jdvi, there was no chajice of that.
vala-ript, f. French cloth.
val-baugar, m. pi. French rings,
foreign gold ; cf. ' Valir '.
val-bloS, n. blood from the slain
(valr) ; -brat5, f. flesh of the slain
(manna -brac3ir).
val-bygg, r\. foreign barley.
val-bost, f. some part of a sword.
vald, n. (i) power, authority (J)er
hafid vald til J)ess at raSa {jessu at
sinni) ; eiga (fa) v. yfir e-m, to have
{get) power over one ; gefast i v. e-s,
ganga (koma) i. v. e-s, to subjnit to
one ; (2) power, domi?iio7i (J^a tok til
V. Sviakonungs) ; (3) pi. void, the
cause or origin of a thing ; kenni ek
J)^r void um \)3X, I charge it o?t thee ;
af minum voldum, of my doi?ig.
valda (veld, olla or volda, valdit),
V. (l) to wield, with dat. ; ef ek em
sva usterkr, at ek ma eigi v. sverSinu,
that J cannot wield the sword', (2) to
rule over', en l)ar Heimdall kveda v.
vdum, there they say H. rules ever the
fane ; (3) to cause, be the cause of, with
dat. or absol. (eigi vissu menn, hvat Jjvi
olli) ; pessu mun Svanr v., this must
be Swanks doing.
valdandi, valdari, m. wielder,
ruler (sigrs valdari).
vald-borg, f. stronghold.
valdi, m., in ' ein-, folkvaldi '.
valdi, a., v. e-s = valdr e-s.
valdr, m. wielder, ruler.
valdr, a., v. e-s, the cause of, guilty
of {\)6\.\. Jju sjdlfr ser l)ess eigi v.).
val-dreyri, m. = valbloS ; -dreyrugr,
a. go?y with blood of the slain.
valds-ligr, a. powerful, jnighty ;
-m.atSr, m. mighty 7nan, ruler.
val-dyr, n. carrion-beast, esp. wolf;
-dogg, f . ' the dew of the slain ', blood ;
-fall, n. the fall of the slain ; -fotSr, m.
father of the slain, Odin ; -galdr,
m, char?ns, spells to raise the dead;
-gjarn, a. greedy for carnon, of the
wolf ; -glaumr, m. the swarm of the
slain in Walhalla ; -grind, f. the gate
of Walhalla.
val-hnot, f. walnut.
Val-holl, f. (i) the hall of the slain,
Walhalla ; (2) a great hall of a king.
valin-kunnr, a. (l) impai'tial', (2)
honest, respectable.
Valir, m. pi. the inhabitants oj
France (other than the Franks) ;
Vala malmr, Vala ript, gold or costly
stuff fro7n Fra7ice.
val-kyrja, f. a chooser of the slain,
Valkyrie ; -kostr, m. a heep of slain.
Val-land, n. France.
vallari, m. destitute person, tramps
beggar ; vagabofid, wa7iderer,
vallar-syn, f. outward appearance
(miklir eru J^eir at -syn).
vall-gangr, m. excrernents ; -groinn,
y^'^. grow?i with /z/'?y"(-gr6nirbakkar) ;
-prutSr, a. proud of gait.
val-masr, f. = valkyrja.
valneskr, a. French, = valskr.
valr, m. the slain (letu peir bua um
val l)ann, er p3.T hafSi fallit).
valr (-S, -ir), m. hawk, falcon.
valr, a. round, oval.
val-rau$5r, a. blood-red, crimson ;
-rauf, -rof, n. plu7tde7'i?ig the slain ;
-riinar, f. pi. obscure runes ; -sinni,
n. the co7npany of the slain.
valska, f. the French lafiguage, =
volsk tunga ; valskr, a. French',
valskar myss, rats.
val-slongva, f. ' war-sling\ cata-
pult : -stefna, f. war-meeting, battle ;
-tivar, m. pi. gods of the slain.
valtr, a. easily upset, ufistable, un-
steady (volt er t)essa heims hamingja)t
val-veitSr, f. hawking.
VALZ-LIGR
[469]
VANDR
valz-ligr, 2.. fraud ^ = valdsligr.
vamm, n. ^/cW/V/t. = vomm ; leita
e-m vanims, to do cr.e hurm.
vamma-fLillr, a. fu'.l of blemishes ;
-lauss, -vanr, a. unbleviished.
van-, a prefixed particle denoting
lacking, under-, un-.
vana atS), v. (i) to diminish, opp.
to 'auka'; {2) to disable, spoil, de-
stroy ; '31 refl., vanast, to ivane.fail.
van-afli,a. weak, waningin strength.
vana-li^, a. usual, common ; -sott,
f. habiiual illness ; -sott kvenna. tnen-
striiaiicK : -son^, m. usual singing.
van-biir?a, a. inced. torn pre-
maturely (-biirda eldi) ; -buinn, pp.
unprepared-
vanda (at5), v. (l) to work elabor-
ately, bestezf great pains on, prepare
carefully (hon gerui honum ok klasSi
oil, ' er mest skyldi v.) ; vandaSr,
elaborate, highly finished (vandaSr
skipabunadr) ; vanca6ar krasir, choice
dainties', (21 to pick cut the bestj
choose carefully ' muniu purfa at v. til
ferfiar J)essar bs5i menn ck skip) :
(3) to find fau'.t with, be particular
about, care, m:nd, with a negative (v.
litt um si5u manna) : vanda ek eigi,
J)6tt sa se drepinn, / mind not though
he be killed; v. um e-t \\6 e-n, to find
fault with one for a thing, complain
of; (4) refl., vandast, to become diffi.-
cult, precarious (pykki mer nu v.
mllit) ; impers., vandast um e-t, it
becomes difficult.
vanda-, gen. from ' vandi ' : -bund-
inn, pp. closely allied, connfct:d with
(-bund inn e-m) : -hlutr, m. difificult
thing (eigi litill -hlutr 1.
vanda-, gen. pi. from ' vondr * ;
-hus, n. wicker-house.
vanda-lauss, a. (i) not difiicult^
easy : (2) unrelated with (-lauss e-m) :
-lausir menn, strangers; {jf) free of
any obligation (ek vil vera -lauss af,
I)6tt pu farir heim J)angat) : e-m er
-laust vi3 e-n, one is in no relation to
[quite neutral as to) a person ; -litill,
a. easv ; -mat5r, m. relation, friend, =
venzll-ma6r; -mal, n. a diffisult,
complicated case ; -mikill, a. closely
connected ; -rat5, n. = -mal.
vandar-hogg, n. fiogging.
vanda-samligr, a, difficult ; -syala,
f. difi.'u. : i isK.
vaiida-titSir, f. pL customary feasts.
vand-balkr, m. a wall of wands or
wicker, zi a:: led partition.
vand-blaetr, a. fasti.iious, difficult
to please : -fenginn, pp. difficult to
get; -fcerr, a. d fficult to pass, of a
road ; -gaett, pp. n., in the phrase,
e-m verSr -gsett til e-s, a thing is
difiicult to keep or manage; -hoefi,
n. difficulty, difficult management ;
-hoefr, a. difficult to manage.
vandLi, m. (i) difficulty, diffiadt
task ilizt mer t)at mikill v.) ; {z\ re
sponsibility (ek af sel vanda mer af
hondum, hversu sem gefst) ; (3) ob-
ligation, duty, esp. of relationship ;
e-m er v. a vi6 e-n, 07:e is under
obligation to a person ler J)er miklu
meiri v. i. vi3 Eirik konung en Egil);
binda ser vanda vi5 e-n, to enter
into obligation.
vandi, m. custom, habit, wont
(leggja e-t i vanda) ; at {or eptir)
vanda. as usual.
van din di, n. pi. diffiatlties.
vand-kTsetSi, n. perplexity, trouble ;
hitta (komai i -kvsSi, to get into
trouble ; -launatSr, pp. diffz:ult to
reward as is due,
vand-laupr, m. basket cf wands.
vand-latr, a. fastidious, difficult to
please; -liga, adv. (i) carefully y
exactly (segja -liga frd e-u) ; gasta
e-s -liga, to watch closely : (2) cam'
pleiely, fully (svd -liga tyndu t>eir
sannleikinum, at engi vissi skapara
sinn) ; -lift, a. n. difficult to live
(e-m er -lifti: -lyndi, n. difficult
te77:per; -lyndr, a. difficult of tem-
per : -Iseta 1 -tta, -tt), v. to be zealous ;
-laeti, n. zeal.
vandlaetis-mat^r, m. zealot.
vand-msli, n. d: fficult question.
vandr tvcnd, vant>, a. (i) difficulty
requiring pains and care ; syndist
henni vant at neita J)essu bo6i, it was
a risk to refuse such an ofer: or
vondu er at rada, this is a difficult
case : vera vant vi5 kominn, to be in
a perplexity ; {2) e-m er vant vid
VAND-RAUN
[470]
VAISTR
e-n, one is under obligation to a per-
jc;^, = e-mer vandid vi3 e-n; (2) care-
ful; V. at ^-M^ particular about (hversu
V. muntu vera at kaupunautum ?).
vand-raun, f. hard trial.
van-drengr, m. meany dishonourable
fellcw^ = u-drengr.
vandreatSa-felag, n. troublesome fel-
lowship; -gripr, m. troublesome
thin^\ -kostr, m. dire choice ; -laust,
adv. without troubles; skildu I)eir
allir -laust, they parted without a
quarrel; -likligr, a. likely to cause
trouble ; -matSr, m. troubleso?ne per-
son; -samr, a. troublesome; -skdld,
n. troublesome poet, a nickname.
vand-rsetSast (dd), v. re.fi. to grumble
over, complain <?/" (-rseSast um e-t).
vandreeSa-tak, n. troublesome tak-
ing; -vant, a. n. difficult.
vand-raetSi, n. difficulty, trouble,
perplexity (hann leysti hvers manns
-ras5i) ; -s6nn, pp. difficult to see ;
-s6t er vi6 e-u, it is difficult to be on
one's guard against ; -settr, pp. diffi-
cult to place ; -skipatSr, pp. diffcult
to man (-skipaSr mun Jjer stafninn) ;
-stilltr, pp. difficult to temper.
vand-styggr, a. * wand-shy \ flinch-
ing frotn the rod, of a horse.
vand-tekit, pp. n. difficult to re-
ceive ; -tekit er vi6 e-m, it is not safe
to receive one; -veittr, pp. difficult
to give] -virkliga, adv. painstak-
ingly, carefully; -virkr, a. pains-
taking, careful; -virkt, f. (i) good
worhnanship ; (2) carefulness, pains-
taking; -yrkliga, adv. = -virkliga.
van-efhi, n. pi. lack of means ;
-farinn, pp. in a strait; \6r erum
-farnir hjl honum, we are much short
of him ; -ferli, n. things going wrong;
-festr, pp. badly fastened; -fraegS,
f, disrepute ; -freegja (-t5a, -Sr), v. to
bring a bad name on ; -foeri, f. dis-
ability \ -foerr, a. (i) disabled, in-
firm ; (2) unable, incapable (-fcerr em
ek til at gera J)dr veizlu).
vanga-bein, n. cheek-bone; -filla,
f . skin and flesh of the cheek ; -gull,
n. ear-ring ; -hogg, n. box on the ear.
van-geyma (-da, -t), v. to be nejrli-
gent of; -geyminn, a. negligent \
-geymni, -geymsla, f. negligence.
vangi, m. the upper part of the cheek,
vangr, m. field (cf. * himinvangr ');
frd minum veum ok vongum, /r^;«
my hearth and home.
van-gaBzla, f. negligence, = -geymsla ;
-hagr, m. (i) disadvantage ; (2) miS'
conduct ; -hald, n. damage, loss (bi3a
-hald af e-m) ; pi. ill-luck, thriftless-
ness ; -haldinn, pp. getti^^g less than
one's due, wrofiged; -heior, m. dis-
ho7iour; -heila, f.= -heilsa ; -heiligr,
a. wretched, ill; -heilindi, n. failing
health, illness ; -heill, a. (i) not hale^
disabled ; e-m ver6r -heilt, one is taken
ill; {2) pregnant ; -heilaa., f. failing
health, illness ; -henta, v. to stand in
need of, want (hann kvaS sdr -henta
annat) ; -hentr, a. not suitable; e-m
er e-t -hent, // suits him not well;
-herc5r, pp. not pushed up to one's
mettle; -hluta, a. indecl. unfairly
dealt with ; verSa -hluta, to be worsted;
-hlutr, m. damage, loss ; -hyggja, f.
lack of forethought.
vani, m. custom, usage ; leggja e-t i
vana sinn, to practise habitually.
van-kunnandi, -kunnasta, f. want
of knowledge, ig?torance ; -launaSr,
pp. badly rewarded; -lofaSr, pp.
under-praised; -luktr, pp. half-
finished; -lyktir, f. pi. neglect, me3
(at) -lyktum, unfinished, half done ;
-matta, a. indecl. weak, infirm;
-mattigr, 2l. failing in strength ; un-
able, impotent; -mattr, m. faili7ig
stre7igth, illness ; -megin, n. (l) weak'
ness, illness; (2) fainting, swoon;
-meginn, a. feeble, weak ; -megn,
n. = -megin; -megna (a^), v. to
weaken ; refl., -megnast, to grow
faint ; -menna, f., -menni, n. worth-
less person ; -meta, a. indecl. in a weak^
bad condition (var fotrinn -meta);
-metnatSr, m. disgrace; -mettr, pp.
hungry; -minni, n. forgetfulness;
-mselt, pp. n., eiga e-t -maslt, to have
afiything unsaid, anything to say;
hvdrt sem mer verSr of maslt e6a
-maslt, whether I say too much or too
little.
Tj-anr, a. (l) wont, accustomed (baO
VANR
[471J
VARDA
hann ganga til saetis J)ess, er hann var
V. at sitja) ; v. e-u, used to a thing ;
(2) ustial (ekki fekk ek minna til bus
en vant er).
vanr, a. lacking, wanting, with gen. ;
handar em ek v., I lack a hand\ von
geng ek vilja, / walk joyless ; e-s er
vant, something is wanting or miss-
tng\ eitt sinn var vant kyr 1 t>ykk-
vabce, a cow was wanting.
van-retti, n. loss of right, injury
(J)ola -retti) ; -rcekiliga, adv. care-
lessly, slovenly ; -roekinn, a. careless,
negligent', -rcskja (-ta, -tr), v. to
neglect, disregard', -roekni, -roekt,
f. lack of care, negligetice ; -sami, m.
dishonour ; -senn, a. difficult to see.
vansi, m. (l) lack, want (v. matar
ok klasSa) ; (2) shajne, disgrace (verda
fyrir, fa, vansa) ; (3) harm, injury ;
peir fengu engar boetr fyrir vansa sina,
they got no cojnpensation for their
hurts.
van-signatSr, pp. cursed', -skor-
Tingr, m. wretched fellow ; -stilli,
n., -stilling, f. lack of moderation,
intemperance ; -stilltr, pp. ( i ) wanting
in temper, rash ; (2) excessive ; -sastti,
n. discord ; -soemd, f. dishonour, con-
iumely, = uscemd.
vanta (ac5), v. to want, lack; impers.
with ace. of the person and thing (e-n
vantar e-t) ; vantaSi J)d eigi hesta ne
aSra hluti, they wanted neither horses
nor other things.
van-talat, pp. n. »= -maslt ; i. ek vi6
hvdrigan ykkar -talat, I want to speak
to neither of you ; -talit, pp. n. Jiot
fully accounted for, short in the tale ;
-tempran, f. imtnoderation ; -traust,
n. lack of trust; -tru, f. unbelief;
-truatSr, pp. unbelieving; -trunaSr,
m. distrust ; -trur,a.=-trua3r ; -unn-
inn, pp. unfinished; -virSa (-r6a,
-rtSr), V. disregard, dishonour, put to
shame ; -vir$a, f. -virc5ing, f. dis-
grace, shame ; -virkja, f. deject, fault;
-vizka, {.foolishness.
vanyfla-sott, f. habitual illness.
van-yfli, n. pi. chronic aihnents,
var-, a prefixed particle, = van-.
vara (atS), v. (i) to warn, cauiio7i ;
V. e-n vi3 e-u, to caution one against.
bid one beware of (pu hefir l)at xiJS
upp tekit, er ek varaSa pik mest vi6);
v. sik, to be on ones guard, beware ;
(2) refl., varast = vara sik (t>eir f»orgils
vissu ser engis 6tta vdn ok vorufiust
ekki) ; v. af e-u to take warning from
(svd at afirir varist af uforum J^inum) ;
V. e-t, to be on one's guard against,
shun, take care not to (hann varadist
pat mest at koma vid landit) ; bad
jarHnn vid v., to be on his guard.
vara (-^i), v. to give {one) a fore-
boding of; J)ess varir mik, at, I have
a presentiment that; J)eir komu l)ar
jafnan fram, er engi mann var3i, where
710 one expected; bar hann skjotara at
en J)d var6i, sootier than they expected;
J)d. er minnst varir, when one least
expects it.
vara, f. wares, in Norway chiefly of
fcr (gra-, skinna-vara), in Iceland of
wadmal (vara islenzk).
varan, f. (l) warning; (2) shunning »
varar-feldr, m. a kind of cloak;
-skinn, n. skin current in trade;
-vats, f. = voruv^6.
var-boSit, pp. n. uttderbidden, un-
derrated ; -buinn, pp. unprepared.
vart5a (atS), v. (i) to warrant,
gua7'antee, answer for ', v. fyrir e-n,
to stand bail for one ; ek vii. at Flosi
einn var6i vi6 mik, 77iy will is that
F. alo7ie shall be a7iswe7'able (for the
fines) to 7ne; (2) to bargain for (S.
hefir a3r vardat viSinn fyrir prjii hun-
dru3 einlit) ; (3) to be of i77iportance
(ef J)er t)ykkir v. um mina vinattu) ;
V. e-n, to concern 07ie, be of i7nportance
to one (at segja per pat, er pik vardar);
V. miklu, litlu, engu, to 77iatter 77iuch,
little, naught; hann kvaS pd engu
pat v., said it was fio busitiess of
theirs; varSarengu um vdra aptrkomu,
it does not 77tatter whether we come
back or not ; {^ to guard, watch,
defe7td (v. land, alia vega) ; v. e-m
e-t, to ward a thing offfro)n a person,
withhold it from hiin ; v. mer bdtinn,
to fojbid 7ne the boat, by force ; v.
e-m, with infin. to hinder, preve7it
(varflar hann i€ vdru at komast yfir
ana); (5) to be liable to, punishable
by (varSar pat fjorbaugsgard) ; hvat
VAHDA
[472]
VARNA
varSar, \>6tt \6r reynim, w^af risk
though we tryf\ v. e-m e-t, to entail
as a penalty upon one (spurSi, hvat
konu var6a6i, ef hon vaeri i brokum
jafnan sva sem karlar) ; v. vid log, to
be punishable by law (J)at aetla ek vi3
log V. at vinna i. Mikjdlsdegi) ; ok Idt
V. l^riggja marka utlegS, he asked for
ufifie of three fnarks ; (6) to belong to
(su joro, er klaustrinu var6a6i).
vart5a, i. pile of stones, cairn (hlaSa,
reisa vordu).
vart5-berg, n. * watch-rock\ out-
look ; vera a -bergi, to be on the look-
out'^ -hald, n. (i) holding ward,
keeping watch ; vera d -haldi, to keep
watch (hann skyldi gseta hesta J)eira
ok vera i. -haldi) ; (2) custody (hafa
e-n 1 -haldi).
vartShalds-engill, m. guardian
a,ngel\ -macSr, m. watchman.
vartS-helgi, f. sa^tctuaty, asylum ;
-hundr, m. watch-dog \ -hus, n.
watch-house.
vartJi, m. cairn = varSa (var v. storr
fyrir ofan tjaldit).
vartS-karl, m. watch-carle, warder;
-klokka, f. watch-bell; -lokkur, f. pi.
a kind of magic song, char7ns ; -maor,
m. watch7nan, warder ; -veita (-tta,
-ttr), v. (l) to keep, preserve, with
dat. (-veita J^essum steini) ; later with
ace, sva skal ek J)ik -veita, at pik
skal ekki saka, / shall take such good
care of thee, that no harm shall come
to thee ; -veita sik vi5 e-u, fra e-u, to
abstain from ; ef maQr tekr grid ok
-veitir J)at ekki, if a man takes up
■an abode and does not keep it; (2)
to observe (-veita gu5s bo3orc3um) ;
-veizla, f. keeping, custody; ii. e-m
i6 til -veizlu, to hand money over to
one to keep.
var^veizlu-lauss, a. watchless, un-
guarded; -ma^r, m. warder, keeper.
var-fceri, f. zvariness ; -foerr, a.
wary, cautious (Olafr ba6 hann vera
varfoeran).
varg-dropi, m. son of an outlaw.
var-gefin, pp. f. ill-7natched, of a
woman ; -goldinn, pp. underpaid.
varg-liamr, m. wolfs skin ; -Ij6t5,
n. pi. wolf-howlings.
vargr (-s, -ar), m. (i) wolf {tvoW^
kona sat i. vargi) ; (2) thief, robber,
miscreant; eyda vorgum, to destroy
miscreants ; (3) outlaw (Eyvindr
hafSi vegit i veum, ok var hann v.
orSinn).
varg-raskr, a. who is to be hunted
down as a wolf
vargs-hold, n. wolf s flesh,
varg-skinn, n. wolfs skin.
vargs-liki, n. Iike7iess of a wolf
(brugSu ^sir Vala 1 -liki) ; -rodd, f.
voice {howli7ig) of a wolf.
varg-stakkr, m. a cloak of wolfs
skin (J)eir hofdu -stakka fyrir brynjur) ;
-tr6, n. gallows.
varg-ulfr, m. were-wolf.
varg-ynja, f. she-wolf; -old, f. age
{time) of wolves.
var-haldinn, pp. unfai7'ly treated \
-hluta, a. indecl. ver3a -hluta fyrir
^-T[\,toget a7i tmf air share, be wro7iged;
-hugi, m. precautio7i ; gjalda -huga
vi3 e-u, to beware of \ -hygtS, f. wari-
ness, watchfulness.
vari, m. wariness, p7'ecaution ; betri
er hinn fyrri varinn, fore-thought is
better tha7i after-thought ; til vara, by
way of precaution.
vari, m. the watery substance of the
blood (vatn, er menn kalla vara).
varinn, pp. conditioned = farinn
(svd er mer varit, at).
varla, adv. hardly, scarcely.
var-launat5r, pp. insufficiently re-
warded; eiga e-m -launat, to be in
debt to one ; -leika, a. indecl., verSa
-leika, to be worsted in aga77ie ; -leiki,
m. waf'iness ; -leitat, pp. n. insuffi-
ciently searched (hafa -leitat e-s) ;
-liga, adv. (i) scarcely, hardly; (2)
warily (fara, mcela -liga) ; -ligr, a.
displaying wari7iess, cautious, safe
(t)at t'otti -ligra).
varma-hu3, n. a war7ned roo7n.
varmr, a. war7n ; var honum varmt
mjok, he was very war7n.
var-maeltr, pp. cautious in onis
language ; cf. * varorSr '.
varna (aS), \. {\) to withhold from
one, deny one a thing, v. e-m e-s (v.
e-m liflveizlu, mals, r^ttinda) ; (2) v.
vi3 e-u, to abstain fro7n (v. vid kjotvi) ;
VARNADAR-BKiiP
[473]
VATNS-HRfD
varna6i-t vi5 tdrum, she could not
forbear weeping.
varnat$ar-bref, n. letter of protec-
tion^ safe-conduct ; -matSr, m. warder ^
guardiati.
varnac^r (gen. -ar), m. (i ) protection,
keeping (haf6i hann tekit m^l J)eira
i. sinn varnad) ; (2) warnings caiition ;
Idta ser annars viti at varnaQi verSa,
to be war tied by afiother's woe ; bj66a,
setja e-m varnaS i. e-u, to bid ofie
beware of a thing; margir hlutir
voru I)ar til varnadar mseltir, were for-
bidden ; (3) wares, goods (Egill I^t
upp setja skip sm ok foera varnad til
stadar) ; (4) household people.
varnan, f. warning, caution.
varnar-, gen. from ' vorn ' ; -atSili,
TCi.defendant in a suit, opp. to 'soknar-
aQili ' ; -eiSr, m., -gcgn, n. pi., -kvitSr,
m. oath, evidence^ verdict for the de-
fence', -lauss, a. defenceless \ -matSr,
m. defender.
varningr, m. wares, goods ^ cargo.
var-ortSr, a. wary in one's words,
discreet \ cf. 'varmaeltr*.
varp, n. casting, throwing^ of a net.
varpa (atS), v. to cast, throw, with
dat. (v. frd sdr kyrtlinum) ; v. ondinni,
to draw a deep breath.
varpa, f. fishi7ig-7iet.
varr (vor. vart), a. (l) aware ; verSa
e-s v., ver6a v. vi3 e-t, to be aware
of, learn, hear; gera e-n varan vid
e-t, to warn a person ; gera vart vi6
e-t, to draw attetition to a thing ; (2)
wary, cautious ; vera v. um sik, to be
on one's guard ; v. vi6 e-t, on one's
guard against,
varr-simi, m. the wake of a ship.
vart, adv. (i) scantily, poorly (konur
v. bunar) ; (2) scarcely.
varta, f. wart (pat tekr af vortur).
vartari, m. strap, thong.
var-utS, f. p^'ecaution ; gjalda variiS
viS e-u, to beware of.
varu^ar-mdl, n. pi. warning words.
var-uSigr, a. waty, cautious.
varut5-liga, adv. warily.
varzla, f. surety, cautio?:, guarantee',
ganga 1 vorzlu fyrir e-n, to become
surety for one.
vasast (atS), v. refl., v. i e-u, to be
entangled in, meddle with or in a
thing (eigi vil ek v. i sliku).
vaska (aS), v. to wash the head, with
dat. (v. hof(3i, honum, ser).
vask-leikr, m. bravery, valour ;
-liga, adv. valiafitly ; -ligr, a. of
brave or gallant bearing.
vaskr, a. manly, valiant (J)ii ert
ma6r v. ok vel at l3er).
vatn (gen. vatns or vatz), n. (i)
water, fresh water (spratt {^ar v. upp) ;
sol gengr at vatni, the sufi sets in the
sea; (2) tears (vatnit for ni6r eptir
kjdlkanum i. honum) ; halda vatni, to
forbear weeping', (3) lake (Mjors er
svd mikit vatn, at likara er sjo) ; (4)
pi., votn, large rivers (hnigu heilog
votn af Himin-fjollum).
vatna (atS), v. (i) to water (v. hest-
um, fenadij ; (2) to fast on water, =
vatnfasta ; (3) impers., land vatnar,
the land disappears utider the [horizon
at) sea (J)eir sigldu prjd daga til pess
er landit var vatnat).
vatna-djup, n. abyss ; -gangr, m.
inundation, overflow, fall of rain ;
-hlaup, n. floods y rushing forth of
waters', -voxtr, m. swelling of rivers;
"t>ytr, m. sound of falling waters.
vatn-beri, m. = vatnsberi ; -bolg-
inn, a. dropsical', -daut5r, a. drowned
in fresh water ; -dragari, -dragi, m.
watet'-carrier ', -fall, n. (l) streatn,
river (svd mikit -fall sem din Ni5 er) ;
(2) torretits of rain (-fall fylgdi hdr
svd mikit or lopti, at) ; -fatt, a. n.
short of water ; fa -fatt, to become short
of water ; -fasta (atS), v. to fast on
water ; -fasta, f. * water-fast ' ; -fiskr,
m. fresh-water fish ; -gangr, m.
swelling of water ; -kakki, m. water-
butt', -karl, m.y?/'^; -kdlfr, m.^r^/j/;
-ker, -kerald, n.water-vessel', -lauss,
a. = vatnslauss ; -ormr, m. water-
serpent', -rds, f. = valnsras.
vatns-bakki, m. bank or shore of
a lake ; -beri, m. water-bearer,
Aquarius', -botn, m. upper end of
a lake; -burSr, m. carrying water',
-drykkr, m. drink of water ; -endi,
m. e7id of a lake ; -fall, n. = vatnfall ;
-farvegr, m. bed of a 7'iver ; -fata, f.
water-pail '^ -hrit5, f. heavy shower of
VATNS-isS
[474]
Vi.-LIGR
rain with wind; -isa, m. ice on a
lake ; -ker, -kerald, n. water-vessel;
-lauss, a. waterless ; -skirn, f. baptism
in water ; -skortr, m. lack of water ;
-OSS, m. jnouth of a lake (connected
with the sea) ; -ras, f. water-course ;
-sott, f. dropsy; -strond, f. bank of
a lake ; -st0kkull, m. a brush for
sprinkling water; -veita, f. draift,
trench, aqueduct ; -vigsla, f. consecra-
tion of water; -vik, f. creek in a
lake ; -setSr, f. vein of water.
vatta (a(5), v. to grasp with gloves.
vatz-, = vatns-, vaz-.
vax, n. wax (brddna sem v. vi6 eld).
vaxa (vex ; ox or vox, oxum or
uxum ; vaxinn), v. (i) to wax, grow
(hann heyrir t^at er gras vex d jor3u) ;
V. upp, to grow up (|)a er hann ox
upp) ; honum vox eigi skegg, no beard
grew on his chin ; (2) v. e-u, to be
overgrown with (hrisi vex ok havu
grasi vegr, er vsetki treSr) ; (3) /<? wax,
increase (veSr, vindr vex) ; ^i. er
honum ox aldr, when he grew older ;
e-m vex e-t 1 augu, a thiiig grows big
in one's eyes ; (4) to grow greater in
fame (SigurSr konungr t)6tti v. mikit
af pessi veizlu).
vax-blys, n. wax-torch.
vaxinn, pp. (l) grown up (v. maSr) ;
(2) overgrown with (grasi, skogi, vi3i,
reyri V.) ; (3) shapen, formed {^ox^gx
er V. med prem oddum) ; sva er vid
vaxit, the matter stands so.
vax-kerti, -Ijos, n. wax-cattdle,
wax- light; -spjald, n. wax- tablet,
for writing on.
vaxta-lausej, a. without increase or
interest.
vaxt-samr, 21, fruitful, productive.
vaz-, ( = vats-) the common spelhng
for ' vatns- '.
vaztir, f. ^^\. fishing-bank {i. J)aer v.,
er hann var vanr at sitja).
vd, (gen. var), f. woe, calamity,
danger; J)at er h'til vd, 'tis no great
har?fi; e-m bregSr va fyrir gron, one
gets a sudden fright (brd. {)eim vd,
fyrir gron, er t^eir sd Birkibeina).
vd, f. nook, corner, = vra.
vd (vdtSa), V. to blame (likynnis
J/Css \ix I)ik engi ma6r).
va-beitSa, f. an evil-boding monster ;
-brestr, m. a sudden evil-boding
crash or sound; -bol, n. an unlocked
for calamity.
vat5 (pi. -ar), f. (i) stufi^, cloth as it
leaves the loom (sat l)ar kona, sveigSi
rokk, bjo til va5ar) ; (2) fishing-net ;
(3) pi., vaSir, clothes (vdQir minar gaf
ek tveimr tremonnum).
vacSa-hark, n. terrible noise; -kuldi,
m. perilous cold; -ligr, a. scatheful,
perilous; -samligr,a. = -ligr; -verk,
n. accidental deed, of an unintentional
harm inflicted.
vaS-ass, m. a pole to hang clothes
on ; -hasfr, di. fit for sail (-hasft veSr).
vatSi, m. scathe, danger, peril, of
extreme sudden danger (mer pykkir
vid vdda buit, ef) ; styra e-m til ens
mesta vd5a, to expose one to the
greatest danger.
vat5-ker, n. a tub in which clothes
are stamped or trodden ; -raeit5r, m.
clothes-pole = -dss.
vaS-veifliga, adv. suddenly.
vdtS-verk, n. cloth-fnaking.
va(S-vaBnligr, a. perilous ; -vaenn,
a. fraiight with danger; straumar
vdSvsenir. dangerous currents.
vafa (-tSa), v. to swing, vibrate to
and fro, hang; v. yfir, to be impending.
vafa, f. ghost, spectre, shade,
vag, f. (i) balance, scales (hann
biSr Gilla taka vagina) ; (2) weight
(v. mm af gulli).
vaga (a§), v. to dare, venture.
va-gestr, m. dangerous guest.
vag-foll, n. pi. the running of blood
and matter fro7n a sore.
va-glati, m. destruction.
vag-marr, m. * wave-steed\ ship.
vagr (-S, -ar), m. (i) wave, sea;
(2) creek, bay ; (3) ?natterfrom a sore.
vag-rek, n. wreck, goods drifted
ashore (skyldi l)at -rek heita).
vags-botn, m. inner end of a bay.
vag-skorinn, pp. i7identedwith bays.
vala (atS), v. to wail.
valaS, n. misery, destitution (hon
gret mjok fatoeki sitt ok v).
vala§r, a. wretched, ifidigent,
distressed (vesall ok v. ok fdtoekr).
va-ligr, a. hurtful, harmful (spyrja
VA-LITILL
[475]
VAPN-FIMR
er bezt til viligra I)egna) ; -litill, a.
(i) harmless, doing sjnall harm ;
(2) very little, very short, of time ;
-Ijugr, m. disappoiJitment (nu er mer
orSinn -Ijugr at J)eim dtrunadi).
vdlk, n. tossing to and fro, esp. at
sea (fekkhann J)d v. mikit).
valka (atS), v. (i) to toss to and fro,
drag with oneself (eigi hoefir svd
gomlum karli at v. sva vasna mey) ;
(2) V. e-t fyrir sdr, v. e-t 1 hugnum, to
ponder over\ (3) refl., v^lkast 1 e-u,
to wallow in (I^eir hofSu valkazt 1
rodru ok bl66i).
vd-lyndi, n. ill-will ; -lyndr, a. ill-
natured, scatheful.
vdma, f. qtia.l7n, ailment.
vdmr, m. a loathsome person,
vdn (pi, -ir), f. hope, expectation,
prospect ; mdr er v., at, I expect that ;
er V. e-s, it is to be expected', sliks
var v., this was to be looked for ;
I)eim var ills v^n at f^or, they appre-
hended evil from Th. ; sem hann hafdi
d6r sagt a vdn, as he had given to
understand', sem v. var at, as was to
be expected', vita sdr engis otta vinir,
to apprehend no danger', konungs
var J)angat v., the kifig was expected
there', e-t stendr til v^nar, // bids
fair', e-t er at vdnum, it is what
could be looked for (ok er J)at at vanum
vi3 skaplyndi f»orgeir5) ; vita v. til
e-s, to expect', hann vissi enga v., at,
he had no expectation that ; eiga barn
1 v^num, to have a child ift prospect ;
draga e-t \v., to hold oid a prospect
of', morgum J)ykkir fyrir v. komit,
many think it is past all hope ; J)d er
allar vdnir voru rannsakaSar, when
all likely places were searched', dat.,
v^nu, with compar., vdnu braSara,
skjotara, sooner than expected; v^nu
verr, worse than might be expected.
vdna (acS), v. to hope, look for, ex-
pect, = vaenta (ek vdna, at %Qb verdi
J)essi ferS).
vanar-lauss, a. hopeless ; -matSr, m.
(l) a person who has a prospect of
being saved', (2) almsjnan, beggar',
-voir, m. beggar's sta^ (bera. -vol).
van-biSill, m. a wooer waiting for
an answer.
vdndr, a. (l) bad, wretched (f v£nd-
um klaedum) ; (1) bad, wicked (v. hefi
ek verit, en aldri hefi ek pjofr verit).
vandskaj., vand-skapr, m. wicked-
ness ; evil coftduct.
vands-liga, adv. badly \ -ligr, a,
bad, wicked ; harmful.
van-leysi, n. hopelessness ; -ligr, a.
likely, to be expected ; -lygi, m. frus-
tration of hope, disappointmetit.
vdpn, n.weapon (voru sumir vdpnum
vegnir, sumir gryttir til bana).
vapna (a$), v. to furnish with
arms', v. sik, to arm oneself; refl.,
vdpnast, to take one's arms.
vdpna-afli, m. stores of arms', -bit,
n. ^ weapon-dite\ wou?id', -brak, n.
din of arms', -burtSr.m. (i) carrying
of ar?ns (J)d var sva litill -bur6r, at
einvarstalhufaj)^dalj)ingi) ; {2) fray,
shower of weapons i?i battle ; bar
fyrir litan J)at skip -burd heiSingja,
their 7nis sites fell outside the ship ;
-bunatSr, -buningr, m. equipment of
arms, armour; -gangr, m. (i) clash
of weapons ; (2) shower of missiles ;
-glam, n., -gnyr, m. clash of weapons ;
-kista, f. ar?n-chest; -mot, n. fght,
battle ; -samankvama, f. meeting of
weapons, battle; -skipti, n. (i) ex-
change of weapons ; (2) exchange of
blows (oss munu oil -skipti pungt
ganga) ; -statSr, m. if) a place where
one may be wounded (sjd beran -sta6
i. e-m) ; (2) weapon-mark, wound;
-stefna, f. = -{jing ; -tak, n. (i)
zveapo?i-grasping, used to express
consent by waving or brandishing
the weapons (cjeptu upp allir me3
-taki, at J)eir skyldi allir vera utlagir) ;
gera -tak at e-u, to pass a resolution
at a public assembly ; (2) in the I eel.
parliament, the breaking up of the
session, when the men resumed their
weapons ({jat heitir -tak, er aij)y6a
ridr af al|5mgi ) ; (3) = -ping ; -vi5-
skipti, n. = -skipti ; -J)ing, n. muster,
wapenshaw (um morgininn dtti
konungr -t)ing ok kannaSi 116 sitt).
vapn-bitinn, pp. dead by the sword \
-daut5r, a. zvedpon-dead, = -bitinn ;
-djarfr, a. gallant; -fimi, f. skill in
arms ; -fimr, a. dexterous in artns ;
ViPN-FCERE,
[476]
v:6-b5nd
-fosrr, a. (i) able to bear arms (M.
hafSi samnat hverjum manni, er
-foerr varj ; {2) Jit as a weapon ;
-fot, n. pi. armour ; -gofigr, a.
glorious in arms ; -hanzki, m. war-
glove \ -hesbr, m. war-horse ; -hcefr,
a. Jit Jor, manageable^ as a weapon ;
-lauss, a. weaponless, tmar7ned ;
-rokkr, m. coat worn above armour ;
-slcBgr, a. = -fimr ; -steinn, m. stone
used as a weapon ; -scekja, v. to
attack ; -songr, m. clash oj arms ;
-vana, a. indecl. = -lauss.
Var, f. 07ie oJ the goddesses.
var, n. spri?tg\ um varit, i. varin, in
the spring {i. vdrin, er isa leysir) ; i
vdr, last spring.
vdra (a5), v. /^ become spring \
impers. (J)d er varaSi ; er vara tok) ;
refl., en er vdraSist, gerSist hann
hlj66r mjok, when spri?ig came^ he
grew very silent.
vdrar, f. pi. solemn vow, oath ;
Helgi ok Svdfa veittust v., H. and S.
plighted their faith ; armr er vdra
vargr, wretched is the Jaith-breaker.
var-dagar, m. pi. spring days \
-ferill, m. spring-traveller ; -gaBra,
f. spring-Jleece.
vdr-kiinn, f. (i) what is to be
excused', er t>at nokkur -kunn, at J)u
ver6ir oss eigi at li5i, there is some
excuse Jor thee Jor not helping us ;
(2) compassion, pity ; -kunna, v. to
excuse, pity, = -kynna.
vdrkunnar-bragtJ, n. = -verk ;
-hugr,m. co)?ipassionatemind ', -lauss,
a. (l) unmercijul', (2) inexcusable ;
-leysi, n. mercilessness ; -verk, n.
excusable deed.
varkunnigr, a. merciful, forbear-
ing, compassionate.
vdrkunn-ldtr, 2,. forbearing', vera
s^r -idtr um e-t, to excuse oneself-,
-ligr, a. excusable ; -laeti, n. forbear-
ance, mercy.
var-kynd, f. «= -kunn ; -kynna (-da,
-t), V. (i) to excuse ; (2) to pity.
vdr-langr, a. as long as i7i spring ;
-ligr, a. belonging to the spring.
varr, poss. pron. our', sd v., er, the
one of us who-, skipi hvert vart styr-
61, each of us steered his own ship ;
fundir vdrir (= okkrir) Hdkonar, the
meetings of H. atid 7nyself.
var-titS, f., -timi, m. spring-tide^
spri7ig-ti7ne ; -viking, f. freebooting
expedition in spring', -yrkja (-ta,
-t), V. to do the spri7tg-work, in a
household ; -t)ing, n. spring-assembly ;
-onn, f. spring-work.
vds, n. toil, fatigue, from bad
weather (Jjola v. ok erfiSi) ; -butS, f.
= vds (var J)ar hor3 vasbuQ) ; -ferS,
-for, f. wet (rough) journey.
va-skapatSr, m. 77iischief-maker ;
-skeytr, ^.Jickle, shijty.
vds-klaB^i, n. pi. bad-weather
clothes ; -kufl, m. rai7i-cloak ; -kyrt-
ill, m. = -kufl ; -samr, a. wet and
toilso7Jie ; -stakkr, m. = -kufl.
vd-stigr, m. woejul path.
vas-verk, n. wet work', -vife, n.
bad weather.
vata-drifa, f. Jail of sleet ; -reykr,
m. wet reek, stea7n.
vat-foerr, a. wet to pass, of a road ;
-lendi, n. wet soil.
vatr, a. wet {\>e\v voru vdtir mjok).
vatta (atS), v. to witness, affir77i.
vatta-laust, adv. without witnesses*
vatt-beerr, a. ad77iissible as a wit-
ness ; -lauss, a. unwitnessed ; -nefna,
f. calli7ig witnesses ; -neemdr, pp.
attested by witnesses; -ortS, n. evi-
dence, testi7nony.
vattr (-S, -ar), m. witness (hafa vatta
vi6, nefna vatta).
vatt-visi, f. testi7nony.
vatvit5ra-sanir, a. wet (sumar I)etta
var illt ok -samt).
vat-vi(Sri, n. wet weather (J)a gerir
d skur mikla ok -viSri).
vd-veifi, n. fea7ful suddenness;
-veifis, adv. all of a sudden.
vaveif-liga, adv. suddenly ; -ligr,
a. sudden (-ligir hlutir).
v6, n. (i) 7nansion, house; byggja
v^ go3a, to dwell in the ho77ies of the
gods ; (2) te77iple, sa7ictuary (vega vig
1 v^um).
v6, n. pi. standard (poet.).
vear, m. pi. the gods (poet.).
v6-b6nd, n. pi. the ropes fastened to
stakes (heslistengr) by which the court
was surrounded.
VED
[477]
VEFR
vets (gen. pi. vetSja), n. pledge^
surety ; setja e-t i v., at vedi, to
pledge, give in pledge; hann baud at
veSi alia eign sina, he offered all his
property as a pledge ; leysa (ut) v., to
redeem a pledge ; hafa e-t i vedi, to
have at stake ; vera i ve3i, to be at
stake (lif mitt er 1 ve6i).
vetS-br6t5ir, m. a plighted brother,
confederate ; -fe, n. a bet or wager ;
dcemdu jDeir, at dvergrinn astti -fdit,
that the d^varf had won the wager.
vetSja (at5), v. to stake in a wager,
with dat. ; J)a veSjaSi Loki hof6i sinu
vi5 pann dverg, then L, wagered his
head with that dwarf \ v. um vi3 e-n,
to lay a wager with one (buinn em ek
at V. um vi6 J)ik, at ek mun finna
Ijotara fot).
vetSjan, f. wagering^ betting.
vetS-mali, m. pledge, 7nortgage\
-msBla (-ta, -tr), v. to deinand as,
bind by, a pledge.
vetSr, n. (i) weather (gott, illt v.) ;
(2) wind (tok at laegja veSrit) ; sigla
(styra) a v. e-m, to get to the wind-
ward of one, take the wind out of his
sail; (3) quarter, tack; veif3i hann
roeSi annars veSrstil, he steered round
with his oar on the other tack ; (4)
the lower air (Jjetta smiSi var sva
mikit vorSit, at j)at tok upp or ve6r-
um) ; V. rauf upp, the air cleared up ;
(5) wind, scent; bersi hafSi v. af
manninum, the bear had wind of the
man, scented him ; komast vid vedri,
to be scented, rumotcred ; Mta koma v.
d e-n um e-t, to let one get sce?it of,
throw out hints to one about a thing ;
staQarmenn masltu mjok d v., hifited
broadly.
vetSr (gen. -rs and -rar, pi. -rar), m.
(l) wether; (2) battering-rafn.
vetSra-balkr, m. continuous stormy
weather, -bati, m. an improvetnent in
the weather (heita til -bata).
vetSrar-horn, n. a wether's horn.
vetSratta, f. {state of the) weather.
vetSr-belgr, m. weather-bag; -blaka,
f. breath of wind; -dagr, m., einn
tima er -dagr var g66r, one fifte day ;
-eygr, a. weather-wise ; -fall, n. con-
dition {set) of the wind; -fastr, a.
weather-bound ; -gnyr, m. gust of
wind ; -g6(5r, a. with a mild climate
(land -gott) ; -hartSr, a. inarked by
hard weather (haust -hart) ; -himinn,
m. atmosphere ; -koenn, a. skilful in
forecasting theiveather, weather-wise ;
-leikr, m. = veSrdtta ; -litill, a. calm^
light, of wind ; -sjukr, a. anxious
about the weather ; -spar, a. weather-
wise ; -stacSa, f. direction of the wind;
-saBll, a. blessed with good weather ;
-vana, a. indecl. lacking favourable
wind ; -vandr, a. nice as to weather ;
-viti, m. vane.
ve$-setja, v. (i) to pawn, mortgage
(-setja jar6ir sinar) ; (2) to hazard,
stake (-setja sik ok fe sitt) ; -setja sik
i J)etta mal, to pledge oneself to {take
part in) this case.
vefa (vef; vaf, vafum, vofum,
ofum ; ofinn, vofinn), v. (i) to
weave (v. vef, duk) ; (2) to plait, twist
(v. vandlaup).
v6-fang, n. division or disagree-
merit in cotirt ; -fengja (-da, -dr), v. to
bring about a vdfang, divide the court
in a suit (|3eir munu ok astla at -fengja
brennumalit).
veQa (vef; vaft5a ; v^fit^r, vaftSr,
vafinn), v. (i) to wrap, fold; v. e-u
um hofu6 ser, at hof6i e-m, to wrap it
round one's head ; hann tok vaSmdl
ok vaf6i at ser, and wrapped it round
himself; v. e-t s2iim.n,tofoldorwrap
it together (voru {)ar margir totrar
saman vafSir) ; v. e-t e-u (i e-u, me6
e-u), to wrap it up in a thing (barnit
var vafit i duki) ; meSal-kafli gulli
vafiQr, a sword-haft wound with gold;
(2) to entangle, embroil (J)u lastr Egil
v. oil mal fyrir per) ; (3) refl., vefjast,
to be wrapped (v. um fcetr e-m) ; to
straggle (hrossin hofdu vafizt i einu
loekjarfari) ; to be entangled {\^i]d,s\. i
ahyggjum).
vefjar-mottull, m., -skikkja, f. a
costly woven mantle, cloak ; -stofa,
f. weaving-room.
vefnaSr (gen. -ar), m. weaving,
woven stuff.
vef-nistingar, f. pi. sails (poet.).
vefr (-jar, -ir), m. (i) a web in the
loom ; (2) woven cloth (dyrir vefir).
VEFTR
[478]
VEG-SEMD
veftr, m. (i) woof^ weft\ (2) cloth.
vega (veg ; vd, vagum ; veginn),
V. (i) to lift (hann vegr hey it upp d
herSar six) ; v. e-n d bdl, to lift one on
the funeral fire ; v. e-n or skogi, to in-
law one ; (2) to weigh (ver6um ver
at leita at skdlum ok v. hringinn) ; fig.,
skal y6r engi vera traustari vin, J)6tt
J)^r vegit J)at litit, though ye esteem it
little \ (3) to weigh, be of weight
(hvert haglkorn \i. eyri) ; (4) to fence,
fight {smite) with a weapon (hann vd
sv4 skjott me6 sverSi, at l)rju J)6ttu
d lopti at sjd) ; (5) v. at e-m, to attack
one, fight against one (ungr skal at
ungum vega) ; (6) to gain by fighting ;
V. sigr, to gain the victory ; v. sigr d
e-m, to overcofne, beat^ vanqidsh ; v.
til landa, to win land weapon in hand ;
(7) to smite, slay, kill ; v. mann, v.
vig, to slay a man ; (8) refl., J)at sverd,
er sjdlft mun vegast, the sword that
will fight of itself; vdst meirr d hlut
Grikkja, the Greeks lost tnore men ;
recipr., vegast, to slay one another.
vega-bot, f. way-unending] -mot,
n. pi. meeting of roads.
vegandi (pi. -endr), m. slayer^
killer (ef v. bei5ir ser griSa).
veg-farandi ( pi. -endr), m. wayfarer.
vegg-berg, n., -hamarr, m. steep
precipitous rock.
veg-girni, f. a7nbition, vanity.
veggjatSr, pp. walled (veggjaSar
ok vigskerSar borgir).
veg-gjarn, a. ambitious, vain-
glorious (f^gjam ok veggjarn).
veggr (gen. -jar and -s, pi. -ir), m.
wall (hla5a ve^g) ; fig., var idgr v.
undir solina, the sun was low above
the horizon.
vegg-sleginn, pp. wedge-formed (0x
-slegin ok t>ykk).
vegg-J)ili, n. wainscoting (vegg^jili
v6ru tjolduQ me6 fogrum skjoldum).
veg-ldtr, a. stately, high-minded',
-liga, adv. nobly, magnificently ; -ligr,
a. grand, magnificent', -lyndi, n.
generosity ; -lyndr, 2i.generous, high-
minded; -mannligr, a. magftificent;
-menska, f . noble 7nanners, generosity.
veg-moSr, a. tired of the jottrney.
vegna (aS), v. to proceed, go (v. vel,
ilia) ; J)eim hafSi ilia vegnat, they had
done badly, had bad luck.
vegna, gen. pi. (i) tveggja v., on
[from) two sides (soekja \>q.\y nu at
honiim tveggja v.) ; (2) a (<?raf) v. e-s,
on one's behalf, also simply, v. e-s, on
one's accou7it or behalf , on the part of\
minna (vdrra) v., on my {our) behalf.
veg-nest, n. travelling provisions.
vegr (gen. -ar and -s ; pi. -ir and -ar,
ace. -u and -a), m, (i) way, road (d
vegum liti) ; (2) fig. phrases, komae-u
til vegar, to bring about ; fara til ve-
gar, to go, proceed (ekki mun J)er um
at kenna, hversu sem til vegar ferr) ;
ganga (koma) til vegar, to come to an
issue, be decided (gekk {)at ok eigi til
vegar) ; gera endiligan veg d mdli, to
bring it to aft issue; venda smum
vegi, to wend one^s way ; (3) way,
mode, manner ; pessir menn munu
soekja oss me6 eldi, er J)eir megu eigi
annan veg, if they cannot {get at us)
in any other way ; einn veg, one way,
in the same way ; annan veg, other-
wise (er annan veg en ek hygg) ; jDann
veg, thus, in that wise (Jjetta er ekki
t)ann veg at skilja) ; hvern veg, how
(eigi veit ek hvern veg J)d mun verSa) ;
J)6tti sinn veg hvdrum, each of the two
had his own opinion, they disagreed;
d alia vega, in every way, manner,
respect ; d marga vega, in 7nany ways ;
(4) direction ; alia vega, in all direc-
tions, on all sides (kvaSu vi3 luSrar
alia vega i braut frd J)eim) ; skjot an-
nan veg, in another direction ; snua
hverr sins vegar, each his own way,
in different directions ; flyja vi3s veg-
ar, to flee scattered about; (5) side,
hafid; eins vegar, on one side (var
eins vegar sjor) ; d hoegra (vinstra)
veg e-u, on the right {left) hand of;
tvd vega, on two sides.
vegr (gen. -s), m. honour, distinction
(erySr i)at v.mikill) ; til vegs gu3i, to
the glory of God.
vegr, f. pi. leverSy see ' vog '.
veg-sama (at5), v. to ho7iour, glorify;
-samliga, adv. honourably , gloriously
(taka -samliga vi6 e-m) ; -samligr,
a. glorious (-samlig veizla) ; -semd,
f. glory, honour (veita e-m heiSr ok
VEG-SKARD
[479]
VEITA
-semd); -skart5, n. a Jlaw in one's
honour.
vegs-kona, f. stately lady (A. var
-kona mikil) ; -munir, m. pi. honotcrs,
credit^ fame \ -]?j6nasta, f. honour-
able service.
veg-tj6n, n. discredit] -tylla, f. a
scrap of hofiour.
■veg-'viBSy2i. acquainted with the road.
veg-J)ur^r, m. impairment of
honour (veg{)ur6r e8a soemdarspell).
vei, interj. woe, with dat., v. er mer,
woe is me / v. ver6i y6r, woe to you !
veit5a (-dda, -ddr), v, (i) to catchy
hunt (v. rauSdyri, hreina, fugla) ; v.
fisk, to catch fish ; (2) to hunt down
an enemy ; fd e-n veiddan, to get one
hunted doivn.
veitSar-efni, n. chance of a good
catch ; -foeri, -toeki, n. hunting-gear,
fishing-gear.
vei(5i-bratSr, a. eager to make a
catch (vera of -briSr) ; -dyr, n. deer,
game ; -fang, n., -fangi, m. catch,
haul ; -fertS, -for, f. a fishing or hunt-
ing expedition; -gogn, n. Y>^. fishing-
tackle ; -horn, n. hunting-horn ;
-hundr, m. hound ; -kona, f. fisher-
woman, huntress; -konungr, m.
hunting king, a nickname ; -ligr, a.
pro?nising a good catch ; -niat5r, m.
hunter, fowler, fisher; -mannligr,
a. hunter-like ; -matr, m. meat [food)
from ga?ne or fishifig; -mork, f.
hunting-forest.
vei ^ inn, a. expert in fishing or
catching (allra manna veidnastr).
vei^i-skapr, m. a catch in hunting
or fishing; roa at -skap, to row out to
fish ; munum ver eigi purfa -skap at
kaupa, to biiy fish ; -spell, n. spoiling
the catch (gera -spell) ; -sta^a, -st6t5,
f. fishiftg-place, hunting-ground ;
-vatn, Xi.fisln7ig-lake ; -van, f. pros-
pect of a catch ; -v61ar, f. pi. traps or
devices used in hunting or fishing.
veic5r (gen. -ar, dat. and ace. -1 ;
pi. -ar), f. hunting, fishing, catch (oil
V. fugla ok fiska) ; fara a veiSar, to go
out hunting; i honum er J)6 veiSrin
meiri, still there is bigger game in him.
veifa (-Sa, -t), v. to wave, swing
(veifSi hann jNlJollni morSgjornum
fram) ; veiffii hann roefli, he pulled
the oar; refl.. veifast um lausumhala,
to ' wag a loose tail ', be free to do as
one pleases.
veifi-skati, m. spendthrift; engi
- skat i , rather close-fisted.
veig (pi. -ar), f. (i) strong beverage,
drink (hann skal drekka dyrar veig-
ar) ; (2) pith, strength (for Jjat liQ
aptr, er honum J)6tti minni veig i).
veigaSr, a. brocaded {?).
veik-domr, -leikr, m. weakness, in-
firmity ; -ligr, a. weakly.
veikr, a. weak (hornbogi v.).
veilindi, n. disease, ailment.
vein, a. (i) ailing, diseased (veill 4
fotum) ; (2) wretched.
veina (a^), v. to wail (hann veinaSi
mjok, er hann hafSi misst konu sina).
vein an, f. wailing (op ok v.).
veisa, f. pool, pond of stagnant
water (var v. ein ytir at fara).
veita (-tta, -ttr), v. (i) to grant,
give (v. e-m 116, hjdlp, huggun, grid,
trygSir) ; (2) to help, assist, stand by
one (t)eir veittu Gizuri hvita i hverju
mdli) ; (3) to grant, permit ({>. beiddist
at sjd gripina, ok Jjat veitti hon henni) ;
V. e-m boen, to grant one a request ;
(4) V. veizlu, to give a feast; v. bru3-
kaup e-s, to hold a wedding; v. utfer6
e-s, to hold a funeral feast ; also
absol. to give a feast or entertainment
(v. stormannliga, me3 inni mestu
rausn) ; (5) ^<? e?itertain, treat (kon-
ungr veitti sveitungum sinum) ; (6) to
sustain, support an indigent person
(sira Hafli6i veitti t)essi g63u konu
allt til dauSadags) ; (7) of a perform-
ance ; v. e-u ahald, to lay hold o?i ; v.
atfor, helmferS at e-m, to make an
expedition against one ; v. e-m atsokn,
to attack ; v. e-m dverka, to infiict a
wound on ; v. e-m eptirfor, to pursue
one ; (8) e-t veitir e-m t)ungt, erfitt, it
proves hard, difiUcult for one (Donum
veitti pungt atsoknin) ; impers.,
keisaranum veitti t»ungt, the einperor
had the luck against hint ; e-t veitir
erfitt, it is hard work ; Geirmundi
veitti betr, G. got the better of it,
carried the day ; (9) to happen (J)at
veitir sjaldan, optliga, stundum) ; (10)
VBITA
[480]
VELDl
recipr., veitast at, to back one another
(vit Egill munum nii v. at) ; t)eir
veittust at oUum mdlum, they stood by
one another in all suits.
veita (-tta, -ttr), v. to convey^ lead
(water), with ace. or dat. (v. vatn or
vatni) ; v. dnni or enum forna farveg,
to divert the river from its old
course ; impers., vcitir vatn til sjovar,
the rivers trend towards the sea,
veita, f. (i) drai7iin^\ (2) ditch^
trench ; (3) = veiti-engi.
veitall, a. giving freely ^ generous
(v. af peningum).
veitandi (pi. -endr), m. (i) giver \
(2) helper y s^ippoi-ter (margir voru
veitendr at malum me6 J^orbirni).
veitari, m. giver ^ donor.
veiti-engi, n. a trenched meadow.
veiting, f. grants gift.
veizla, f. (1) grant, gift, allowance ;
(2) help, assistance, backing, =■ 113-
veizla ; {"i) feast, banquet (veizlan for
vel fram, ok var veitt me6 miklum
kostnaSi) ; (4) the reception or efiter-
tainment to be given to the Norse
king by his landed men (lendirmenn)
and stewards (^rmenn), and to the
bishop by the priests ; the king was
said to * fara at veizlum, taka veizlur ' ;
(5) a royal grant, revenue (fekk
konungr honum veizlur miklar) ; hann
hafSi khx haft alia sysluna suma at
veizlu, en suma at leni, partly as a
grant, partly as a fief
veizlu-bunatSr, m. preparation for
a feast ; -dagr, m. banquet-day ; -fall,
Xi. failure of a feast ', -fe, -gjald, n.
fee, money paid in lieu of veizla 4. ;
-g0r?J, f. feast-giving', -holl, f. ban-
queting-hall ; -matSr, m. o?te sus-
tained, supported by another (E.
kveSst ekki ^urfa at vera bans -mafir) ;
-skali, m. = -holl; -spjoll, n. pi. the
spoiling of a feast (gera -spjoll) ;
-stofa, f. = -holl ; -sveinn, m. a lad
supported by one ; -taka, f. the receiv-
ing a veizla 4.
vekja (vek ; vakta ; vakiSr, vaktr,
vakinn), v. (i) to waken, rouse fro?n
sleep (J)or6i engi at v. hann) ; (2) to
stir, rouse (g0r l)u eigi {)at, son minn,
at j[)u vekir J)a, er ]peir hafa dSr fr^
horfit) ; (3) to cause, begin (v. vfg,
styrjold) ; (4) v. upp, to wakeji, rouse
(H. vakti upp alia heimamenn sina) ;
fig., hann vakti upp tvd boSa mikla ;
(5) to start {broach) a question (E.
vakti J)at m^l vi3 t>6r61f) ; v. til e-s {or
V. til urn e-t) vid e-n, to raise the ques-
tion, introduce the mention of a thing
with one (S. konungr vakti J)d til um
cyrendi sitt vi6 Sigurd jarl) ; (6) to
make to flow ; v. ser bl65, to 7nake
one's blood flow, open a vein (nu vekja
peir s^r bl65 ok Idta renna saman
dreyra sinn).
vekra (atS), v. to freshen up, rouse.
vel, adv. (i) well (taka v. vi5 e-m) ;
v. i vexti, well-growft, well-shapen ;
vera v. til e-s, to be kind to one ; mer
gefr vel at skilja, / understand quite
well; (2) easily (t»at mastti v. verSa
{)inn bani) ; (3) fully, amply, largely
(v. vegnar fimm merkr) ; faSir hennar
hafSi V, {6,plenty of jnoney ; intensive,
with adj. ; v. flestir, the most part ; v.
mikill, rather great ; v. tuttugu menn,
twenty and tipwards ; hundrad manna
e8a V. svd, a hundred or fully that.
v61 (pi. -ar), f. (i) artifice, crafty
device ; g0rva velar til e-s, to contrive
some trick to obtain a thing; vi5
velar, with artifice, cunningly ; draga
v. at e-m, beita e-n velum, to use
guile towards one, deal ctcnningly
with one ; (2) apparatus, machine ;
vel til at taka fiska, a contrivance to
catch fish ; vel er menn kalla veQr, an
engine that is called a battering-ram.
v61a (-ta, -tr),v. (i) defraiid, betray
(illt er vin v. J)anns ^er vel truir) ; v.
frd honum sverfiit, to get the sword
from him (by tricks) ; ek v^lta hann
or viti, / wiled him out of his wit ;
(2) V. um e-t, to deal with, be busy
with ; torveldligr um at v., difficult to
deal with.
vela-kaup, n. fraudulent bargain ;
-lanss, a. guileless; -matSr, va. frau-
dulent or deceitful person ; -samliga,
adv. guilefully, craftily.
vel-borinn, pp., -burcSugr, a. well'
born, noble.
veldi, n. (i) poiver (me3 miklu v.);
(2) empire; Dana-veldi, Denmark,
VELDIS-ENGlIiL
[481]
VENJA
veldis-engill,m. archangel^ -hringr,
m. halo round the head of a saint ;
-BtoU, m., -sasti, n. throne ; -vondr,
m. sceptre.
v§lendi, n. gullet, oesophagus,
v61endis-gangr, m. belching.
vel-farandi, m., velfarar-minni, n.
/2j;r(?w^//rz/^ (drekka-faranda, -minni)
vel-fert$, f. ivell-dc
welfare ;
•fertSugr, a. well-behaved^ righteous.
v61-fimi, -finni, f. artifice.
vel-g0r5, -gprning, f., -g0rningr,
m. beftefit, goodness (hann J)akka6i
honum -gorning sinn).
velgja (-da, -dr), v. to warm.
v61i, n. bird''s tail \ -fitSri, n. tail-
feathers ; -fjdt5r, f. tail-feather.
v61mdi, n. pi. tricks (gera e-m v.).
v61inn, a. wily, guileful.
v61i-stuttr, a. short-tailed, of a bird.
ve]ja (vel ; valda; vali^r, valdr,
valinn), v. to choose, select, pick out
(v. e-n til fylgdar \\b sik) ; v. um e-t,
to choose between ; er gott um at v.,
there is plenty of choice ; eiga um tva
kosti at v., to have two alternatives to
choose between ; v. e-m hasQilig (hor6)
or 6, to speak ignominiously to {or of)
one; hafa vaiit 116, to have picked
troops; refl., veljast til e-s, to come
forward (voldust margir gofgir menn
til J)essar ferSar).
velkja (-ta, -tr), v. (l) to toss about
(pair velktu Tuma lengi) ; impers.,
velkir e-n i hafi, one is tossed about on
the sea ; refl., velkjast uti, to be tossed
about on the sea ; (2) to ponder over,
consider ; hann ser, at eigi mun duga
at V. raSit, to waver, hesitate ; v. e-t
fyrir ser, to turn over, revolve, a thing
in one's mind.
vel-kominn, pp. welcome (biSja
e-n vera -kominn).
veil, n. gold', poet, and in compds.
vella (veil; vail, ullum ; ollinn),
V. (i) to be in a state of ebullitio7i,
boil (rigndi bl65i vellanda) ; (2) to
well up, swarm ; v. moSkum, to
swarm with worms ; ullu ut or ormar,
worms swarmed out.
vella (-da, -dr), v. to prepare or
cook by boiling (v. lauk ok gros).
vella, f boiling heat, ebullition.
ICFX. DICT.
vell-autSigr, a. rich in gold, im-
mensely rich (maflr -aufiigr).
v61-lauBs, a. guileless; at -lausu,
-laust, without fraud.
vell-heitr, a. boiling hot.
vellingr, m. pottage.
vel-lyndr, a. well-minded] -menn-
iiig» f- good upbn'ttging.
v61-6ttr, a. wily, tricky ; -prettr, m.
wily trick ; -raSr, a. wily ; -raeSi, n.
guileful design, deceitful act ; -sam-
ligr, 2i.guilejul (mefi -samligri flaerfi) ;
-samr, a. wily.
vel-setning, f. well-doing, good
position ; -spdr, a. good at sooth-
saying (volva -spa).
vel-stuttr, a. short-tailed,
velta (velt ; valt, ultum ; oltinn),
V. to roll, tumble over (ultu bddir ofan
fyrir brekkuna) ; impers., veltr til
vanda, it goes as usual (ok valt til
vanda, at boendr fly6u).
velta (-Ita, -Itr), v. to roll, set roll-
ing, with dat. (v. manna bukum fr^
fotum jarli) ; impers., J)vi nasst velti
skipinu, she capsized; refl., veltast, to
turn oneself,revolve{s6\ veltist um atta
cettir); hestrinn veltist um tolf sinnum,
the horse rolled itself over; veltast
or konungdomi, jarldomi, to give up
ones kingdom, earldom (veltist hann
J)d or jarldomi ok tok holdsrett).
velti-ligr, a. rolling (-ligt hjol).
velting (pi. -ar), f. rolling, rotation,
vel-vi]jat5r, -viljiigr, a. benevolent.
venda (-nda, -ndr), v. (i) to wend,
turn (vendi S. aptr herinum) ; v.
sinum vegi, to wend 07te's way (hann
vendir sinum vegi austr til landsenda) ;
(2) to change, co7ivert (gu6 vendi pvi
ok sneri til g63s) ; (3) absol., to turn
(J)eir vendu J)d d J)at fjall, er kallat er
Vazfell) ; v. aptr, to return (vendi
hann aptr somu lei3).
venda (at5), v. to change^ alter (v.
siQum sinum).
vendi-liga, adv. (i) carefully (spyrja
-liga at e-u) ; segja -liga frd tiSindum,
to tell minutely ; (2) quite, entirely
(svd var -liga upp gengit allt lausafd
bans) ; -ligr, a. ca?-cful.
vengi, n. pillow, cushion.
venja (ven ; vanda ; vandr and
I i
VENJA
[482]
VERAIiDAR-KLERKR
raninn), v. (i) to accustom (v. e-n
e-u or vi5 e-t) v. hann vi6 ijjrottir ok
hasversku, to teach hitn, train him in ;
V. barn af brjosti, to wean a child (J)d
var hann af brjosti vaninn) ; (2) to
train animals (J)ar keypti Au6unn
bjarndyri vel vanit) ; to educate
children (var J)at almaelt, at engi born
vasri svd vel vanin) ; (3) v. komur
sinar til e-s, to visit habitually (hann
venr komur sinar til Ormhildar); v. e-t
af e-m, to unteach one a thing (kost-
gccfdi hann af J)eim at v. oil ukynni) ;
(4) refl., venjast e-u, vid e-t, to get
accustomed to, used to (mi man ek ver6a
at V. hestinum um hrid ; v. vi5 1'lsrottir);
with infin. to be wont, used to (vandist
E. optliga at ganga til tals viQ Egil).
venja, f. custom, habit (l)at var v.
hans, at) ; at venju, as usual.
venju-bragS, n. habit; -liga, adv.
usually ; -ligr, usuaL
venzl, n. pi. relationship, ties of
blood or affinity] fyrir venzla sakir,
for kinship's sake.
venzla-lauss, a. bound by no ties ;
-lausir menn, persons not related,
strangers ; -inat$r, m. kinsman^ rela-
tion, — vandamaSr.
veptr, m. woof, = veftr.
ver, n. (i) station for taking eggs,
fishing, catching seals, &c. (cf. * egg-,
fiski-, sel-, ut-ver ') ; (2) poet, sea ;
fyrir handan v., beyo7tdthe sea.
ver (gen. pi. -ja), n. case^ cover {vent
var af guSvefJarpelli).
vera (er ; var, varum or vorum ;
verit), V. (i) to be, exist; |)eir menn
voru, er, there were men who ; {2) to
be, happen ; ^2X var, at hon for brott,
so it was that she went away ; en er
\ix2ih\,v2i^y^z.xh\i^'^QxX.r, there was scar-
city in the household; hvat er henni,
what is the inatter with herf J)at var
einn dag, at, it happened one day that ;
kann (mi.) v., at, it is possible, it may
be that; (3) to last; meSan l^ingit
Vceri, while the Thing lasted ; (4 ) lata
e-n v., to leave one alone (Mt mik v.
ok ger mdr ekki illt) ; ba6 hann Idta
v., begged him to leave it utidotie, not
^o do it ; (5) /^ dwell, stay ; hann bad
hana vera i bu6 sinni, he asked her to
stay in his booth ; hann var d, Hos-
kuldsstoSum um nott, he passed a
night at H.; (6) with infin., hlymr
var at heyra, a clattering was to be
heard ; l)ar var at sji, there was to be
seen ; v. at gera e-t, to be doing a
thi?tg; kva3 hann v. at telja silfr, said
he was counting the money ; denot-
ing necessity, a thing about to happen,
or to be done ; mi er J)eim lit at ganga
ollum, er leyft er, now all those must
go out to whojn leave is given ; er mi
eigi Kdra at varast, now there is no
need to beware of K.; mi er l)ar til
mdls at taka, at, now it is to be told
that; mi er at segja frd Skamkatli,
now we must tell of S. ; (7) with a
predicate (noun, adj., or adv.) ; v.
konungr, jarl, biskup, to be king, earl,
bishop ; v. glaSr, saell, hryggr, ungr,
gamall, to be glad, happy, sad, young,
old; V. vel, ilia til e-s, to be well-, ill-
disposed towards one ; J)at er ilia, it is
sad ; vera spakliga i heraSi, to behave
gently; ord kva6 J)d Vingi J)ats dn
veri, words which he had better not
have said ; (8) impers., e-m er varmt,
heitt, kalt, one is warm, cold; (9)
with past participles in passive sense ;
V. kallaQr, sag6r, tekinn, to be called,
said, taken ; (10) with preps., v. af
e-u, to be off, out of (y. af kl^Sum) ; v.
at e-u, to be busy at ; verkmenn vdru at
arningu, they were ploughing; to be
present (t)ar varstu at) ; ek var at ok
vafk, / was about weaving; Jaeir
hotc5u verit at t^rjii sumur, they had
been busy at it for three siumners ; v.
eptir, to be left, rejnain (A. kvazt vilja
V. eptir ok hvilast) ; v. fyrir, to lead
(see 'fyrir') ; v. til, to exist; v. um,
undir, see ' um, undir '.
vera, f. ( i ) stay, sojourn ; ef hann i.
s^r i vd, veru, if he has a cortier to
stay in ; (2) comfort (slikt er vdlaSs v.).
veraldar-, gen. from * verold ' ;
-aucSoefi, n. pi. worldly riches;
-byg5, f. the inhabited world ; -friSr,
m. world-peace, universal peace;
-fraBgr, a. world-famoics ; -girnd, f.,
-glys, n. -goz, n. worldly desires, toys,
goods ; -hofSingjar, m. pi. the great
ones of the world; -klerkr, m. =
veraldar-lIn
[483]
VERBA
-prestr ; -Ian, n. worldly grants ;
-lifnaSr, m., -lif,n. life ifi this world ;
-log, n. pi. civil law ; -matSr, m. a
man of this world, secular person,
layman ; -prestr, m. secular priest ;
-rats, n. pi. inafiagement of worldly
a^airs\ -riki, n. worldly rank and
power\ -rikr, a. immensely rich ;
-sjor, m. the ocean ; -spekingr, m. =
-vitringr ; -spekt,f. w^r/^//)/ wisdom ;
-starf, n. worldly business ; -ssela, f.
worldly bliss ; -vdlat5, n. wretched-
ness of the world\ -vitringr, m. philo-
sopher; -vizka, f. secular wisdo7n,
worldly knowledge.
verald-ligr, a. worldly, secular.
veran, f. bei^ig, essence (gudlig v.).
verts, n. worth, price (gait hann
J)egar verSit i gulli ok brendu silfri) ;
{)etta eru J)renn ver6, three tiines as
much as the thing is worth ; halda
e-u til verfis, to p7it out for sale ; mar-
ka V. i. e-u, leggja v. i. e-t, to fix the
p7'ice of, set a value on.
vertSa (vertS ; varS, urtSum ; ort5-
inn, vortSinn), v. (i) to happen, coine
to pass ; astluSu allir, at f)eir myndi
tala um mal sitt, en J)at vard ekki, but
it ca7ne not to pass, it was not so ; J)d.
vard op mikit at logbergi, then there
arose a great shout at the Lawhill ;
(2) V. e-m, to happen to, befall one
(slikt ver6r opt ungum monnum) ; J)at
var6 SkarpheSni, at stokk i sundr
skopvengr bans, it happened to S.
that his shoe-string snapped asunder ;
sjaldan verSr viti vorum, the wary
tnafi will seldom tnake a slip ; e-m
ver6r J)orf e-s, one comes to be in need
of; (3) to happe?i to be, occur; i loek
J)ann, er par vei Sr, in the brook that
happens to be there; var6 fyrir J)eini
fjorSr, they came on a fjord ; v. d leic5
e-s, to be on one's path, happen to one ;
(4) V. brottu, to leave, absent ofteself
(jieir sa J)ann sinn kost likastan
at V. d brottu) ; v. uti, to go away
(verQ uti ok drag 0ngan spott at
oss) ; to perish in a storm from cold
(sumir ur6u uti) ; Jjeim J)6tti honum
seint heim v., they thought that he
was long in coming ho?ne; (5) with
ace. to lose ; kvadust okkr hafa orSit
baeSi, said that they had lost us both ;
(6) followed by a noun, adj., pp., adv.,
as predicate, to become ; Jjd ver6r J)at
Jjinn bani, it will be thy death ; v.
gla6r, hryggr, reiSr, to become glad,
sad, angry ; v. dau6r, to die (a6r
Haraldr inn hdrfagri yr3i dauflr) ;
with participles ; ok vard ekki eptir
honum gengit, he was not pursued ;
verSa J)eir ekki fundnir, they could
not be found; bl66 hans var3 ekki
stoQvat, the blood could 7iot be
staunched; J)eim vard litit til hafs,
they happened to look seaward ; im-
pers., e-m ver6r bilt, one is a77iazed ;
Kolbeini vard ekki fyrir, K. lost his
head, was paralysed ; with adverbs ;
hann var6 vel vid skada sinn, he bore
his loss well, like a 77ia7i ; jarl var6
ilia vi5 {)etta, the earl was vexed by
this ; (7) with infin., denoting neces-
sity, one 77iust, needs, is forced,
obliged to do ; t)at verSr hverr at
vinna, er setlat er, every one 77iust do
the work that is set befo7'e hi)}i ; J)ar
er bera verSr til grjot, where stones
have to be carried; ver6 ek nu flyja,
now I 77iust flee; (8) with preps., v.
af e-u, to co7ne to pass (var um roett,
at hann skyldi leita fara, en eigi vard
af) ; vard €^\?iii&x^\x\m, the jour 7iey
ca7ne to nought, was give 71 up ; verdr
t)etta af, at hann tekr vid sveinunum,
the end was that at last he took the
boys ; starf ok kostnadr vard af pessu,
trouble and expe?ises arose fro7n this ;
hvat verdr af e-u, what beco7nes of;
hvat vard af hunum minum, what has
beco77ie of 77iy cubs f ; v. at e-u, to be-
co7ne (v. at undri, undrsjonum) ; veiz-
tu, hvat per mun v. at bana, knowest
thou what will be the cause of thy
death .? ; v. at engu, to C07ne to nothing ;
V. d, to co77ie on, happen ; hvat sem a
yrdi sidan, whatever 7night happen
later 07i ; e-m verdr i., 07ie 77takes a
blunder, 7nistake (potti per ekki d v.
fyrir honum, er hann nddi eigi fenu ?) ;
V. eptir, to be left (honum vard par
eptir geit ok hafr) ; v. fyrir e-u, to
77ieet with (v. fyrir goda reidi); to
forebode (v. fyrir storfundum) ; v. fyrir
e-m, to be in one's way, as a hindrance
VERD-AURAK
i:484]
VERKA-NAUD
(J)vf meira sem oss verSr fyrir, J)vi
harSara skulu \>6r niSr koma) ; v. f, to
happen (tokust mi upp leikar sem ekki
hefdi i orSit) ; v. til e-s, to come forth
to do a thing, be ready to ; en sd er
nefndr HernioSr, er til J)eirar farar
varS, who tinder took this journey ; v.
vi3 e-m, to respond to (bi6 ek J)ik, at
J)u verSir vi6 mer, J)6 at engi se ver3-
leiki til).
verS-aurar, m. pi. medium of pay-
ment ; value given or received.
verS-gangr, m. beggings -geta, f.
entertain7nent,fare\ -gjof, f. the giv-
ing of a meal.
vero-kaup, n. reward'^ -keyptr,
'^'^. purchased \ -laun, n. pi. reward \
-launa (at$), v. to reward \ -lauss, a.
valueless', -leikr, m. merit, desert^ esp.
pi., hafa -leika til e-s, to deserve ; ep-
tir -leikum, according to one's deserts ;
-ligr, a. valuable.
verSr (gen. vertSar), m. meal (fd
drliga verSar) ; cf. ' dag-, ndttverSr.*
vertSr, a. (i) worth, with gen. (meira
J)ykki merver6 vindtta J)m) ; svd. potti
honum mikils urn vert, he took it so
much to heart ; mikils v., much worth ;
(2) worthy, deserving', v. e-s, worthy
of (|)6tti J)dr hann ekki drdpunnar
ver6r ?).
vert5-skylda (aS), v. to deserve \
-skyldan, f. merit, desert.
vert5ugr, a. (i) worthy (v. e-s) ; (2)
deserved (lofu6u allirguS semverSugt
var) : at verdugu, deservedly.
verou-liga, adv. deservedly ; -ligr,
a. deserved.
vertSung, f. poet, kin^s men.
ver-fang. n. taking a husband.
verga (aS), v. to soil', refl., vergast,
to be soiled iy[2tb\ bans vergudust).
ver-gjorn, a. f. t?tad after ?nen.
vergr, a. only in superl. ; vinna it
vergasta, to do the dirtiest work.
verja ver ; varSa ; varitJr, varSr),
V. (ij to defend (v. sik vel ok frcekn-
liga) ; V. landit fyrir e-m, to defejid
the country agai?ist one ; ek man J)6
engum hlifa, ef ek d hendr minar at
v.^if I have to fight for my life ; (2)
V. mdl, to defend a cause, op p. to
soekja ; (3) v. e-t, or v. e-m e-t, to
guard a place ^ hold it against a comer
(at visu astla ek at v. J)er riki mitt) ;
Egill vardi dyrrnar, E. held the door ;
V. e-t laga lyriti, to forbid by a lawful
protest', (4) V. e-u, to keep away
(Birkibeinar vorSu eldinum ok fengu
sl0kkt) ; V. e-m e-u, to withhold from
one ; meyjar dstum muna J)^r ver6a of
variS, the maiden^ s love shall not be
denied thee ; (5) refl., verjast, to defend
oneself {\)e\r vordust me6 drengskap) ;
V. e-u, to defend 07ieself against (par
moetti hann finngdlkni ok varSist pvi
lengi).
verja (ver ; varcSa ; varic5r, vartSr),
V. (i) to wrap, enclose ; v. e-n armi,
fadmi, to fold in one's arms, embrace ;
mun ek vexa vel blaeju at v. J)itt liki, to
shroud thy body ; variSr, jnounted,
adorned {gu\\\, silfri, jdrni varidr) ; (2)
V. sverSi, to swing, wield the sword;
(3) V. ser til, to exert oneself', en meS
j)vi at hann varSi sdr mjok til, J)d
spruttu honum fcEtr i. jakanum, as
he exerted himself greatly, his feet
slipped on the ice ; (4) to invest money,
lay out, expe?td (hann selr jarSir
sinar ok verr fenu til utanferSar);
vasnta ek, at ek hafa J)vi vel varit,
that I have made a good bargain ; (5)
pp. n., varit ; dttu sva til varit of menn,
at, thoic art so well p?'Ovidedwith men
that ; t)u att til l^ess varit, it is thy
nature ; e-m er sva varit, at, one is so
constituted that {honum var sva v., at
hann var undirhyggjumaSr).
verja, f. otiter garment, cloak (hann
haf6i yfir ser verju, saumada saman af
morgum totrum).
verjandi (pi. -endr), m. defendant,
opp. to 'soekjandi'.
verk, n. ( i ) work, business ; vera i.
verki, to be at work ; (2) a piece of
work (v. hefi ek hugat per); (3) act,
deed; Gunnarr sag6i Njdli v. pessi, G.
told N. of these deeds.
verka (at5), v. to work; v. s^r til
e-s, to deserve by one^s deeds.
verka-efni, n. = verkefni ; -kaup,
n. wages, = verk-kaup ; -kona, f.
workwoman, servant ; -laun,n. pi. re-
ward ; -lySr m. workpeople ; -matJr,
m.8=verk-ma6r ; -nautJ, f. heavy task.
VERK-DAQR
[485]
VERR-FEDRUNGR
verk-dagr, m. work-day ; -efni, n.
W07'k to be dojie, task ; -fakr, m. =
-hestr; -foeri, n. ijuplevient^ tool;
-fcsrr, a. able to work; -hestr, m.
work-ho7'se, cart-horse.
verki, m. Tferse-making.
verkja (-ti, -t), v. impers. to feel
pain, to smart (eigi er sd heill, er f
augun verkii ).
verk-kaup, n. wages \ -kona, f. =
verkakona ; -laun, n. pi. reward.
verk-lauss, a. without pain {\'tx'kr)f
painless (sar verklaus).
verk-ligr, a. active, practical (verk-
ligt lif ).
verklundar-maSr, m. industrious.,
hard-workijig man ; Grettir var litill
-ma3r, G. had little mijtdfor work.
verk-matSr, m. workman, labourer ;
-ma5r gocir, a good worker.
verknacSr (gen. -ar), m. work, bust'
ness ; taka upp verknaS, to take to
some work ; ha) da verknadi d hendr
e-m, to put one to work.
verk-otSi, a. mad with pain (verkr).
verkr (-jar,-ir), m./azw (hafa verk
\ augum).
verk-reki, m. servant (-reki e-s).
verks-hattr, m. working method.
verk-smitSr, m. workman', -smit5,
f. craft, work.
verksmitSar-ma^r, m. craftsman
(engi var hann -maQr).
verk-stjori, m. overseer ; -stjorn, f.
ike supervision of work ; -{)raBll, m.
wo7'king slave.
ver-lauss,a. (l) without a husband \
(2) without a case or cover (diinbeSr
-lauss) ; -lic5ar, m. pi. men ; vinr
'Vibdi, friend of men, Thor.
verma (-da, -dr), v. to warm (Egill
for til elds at v. sik).
ver-matSr, m. fisherman at an out-
lying station (ver).
vermi, m. warmth (hafa verma af
eldinum ; leita ser verma).
vermir, m. = vermi.
Vermir, m. pi. the men from Verfna-
land, in Sweden.
vermskr, a./r(7;« Vermaland.
vermsl, n. pi. never-freezing spring.
verna (a6), v. to protect, de fend {131^).
vernd, f. (i) protection (veita e-m
V.) ; (2) a point for the defence, = v'6rn
(en { mdli v6ru engar verndir) ; (3) =
verndan ; eiga v. a at gera e-t, to have
a right, title to do a thiftg.
vernda (atS), v. (l) to protect ', (2)
excuse (v. sik e-u).
verndan, f. excuse, subterfuge.
verndari, m. protector, defender.
verpa (verp ; varp, urpuni ; orp-
inn), V. (i) to throw, with dat. (hann
varp af ser skildinum) ; hestrinn fell
ok varp honum af baki, threw him
off', hann verpr ser i soSulinn, he
throws himself into the saddle ; v. af
ser klasSum, to throw off the clothes ;
v. mceSiliga ondinni, to draw a deep
sigh ; V. orSum {or orSi) d. e-n, to
addf-ess (J)essi varp orQum d konung
ok spurQi) ; vcentir mik J)ess, at margir
verpi l)ar gofium orSum a mik, that
many men will have good words to say
of me ', V. e-n inni, to shut one in',
impers. to be throwft ; J)ar varp lit
udaun miklum, a great stench came
out ; (2) v. d, to guess at, calculate
(verpa menn sva a, at Idtizt hafi niu
menn) ; (3) to lay eggs {= v. eggjum) ;
(4) to cast up (v. haug eptir fornum
si6) ; J)eir urpu haug eptir Gunnar,
they raised a mound over G. ', v. aptr
hauginn, to shut the cairn ; v. vef, to
wa7'p a web (sd er orpinn vefr yta
J)ormum) ; (5) pp., orpinn ; sandi 0.,
covered with sa7id ; aldri o., bent with
age', uppi o. fyrir e-m, quite over-
whel77ied, at one's i7iercy ; (6) refl.,
urpust flestir vel vid orSsending
Danakonungs, they tur7ied a favour-
able ear to, resp07ided to the call.
verpill (pi. verplar), m. (i) die
(kasta verplum til fjdr ser) ; (2) cask
(sumr drykkr var i verplum).
verpils-tala, f. cubic niwiber.
verpla-kast, n. cast [throw) of dice.
verr (-s, -ar), m. (l) sing, husband
(vildi hon ver sinum vinna ofrhefnd-
ir) ; ^2) pl-> verar, men (J)u ert 2e
visastr vera).
verr, adv. compar. worse ; vanu v.,
worse tha7i expected', verst, superl.
worst (J)ykki mer J)at verst).
verr-feorungr, m. a person worse
than his father.
VERKI
[486]
VETR
verstr.
verri, a. compar. worse
superl. 'W07'st.
vers, n. 7>erse ; Mariu v., Ave Maria.
versa (atS), v. (i) to put into verse
(v. sogu) ; (2) to make verse.
versa-bok, f. a book in verse, foem ;
-g0rtS, f. verse-making.
versna or vesna (aS), v. to get
worse (hlutr e-s versnar).
ver-sael, a. f. happy in on£?s husband;
-JjjoS, f. mankind, 7nen.
verold (gen. -aldar, pi. -aldir), f.
(1) world \ (2) age.
vesa, V. to be, — vera.
vesala (atS), v. to make wretched.
vesaldar-, genitive from ' vesold' ;
-auki, m. increase of wretchedftess ;
-raat5r, m. destitute perso?t.
vesalingr (-s, -ar), m. = veslingr.
vesall (vesol or vesul, vesalt, pi.
vesalir or veslir), a. {i) poor, desti-
tute, wretched (vesol arfasata) ; (2)
with gen. wretched in respect <?/' (vesol
eru ver konungs).
vesal-ldtr, a. shabby ; -liga, adv.
miserably ; -ligr, a. wretched, wretch-
ed-looking ; -mannligr, a. = -ligr ;
-menni, n. paltry person ; -menska,
f. stinginess, shabbiness.
vesast (aS), v. refl., to be wretched
and unco?nf or table (Austmenn ves-
u6ust ilia).
veski,n. bag, knapsack.
v6-sk6p, n. pi. holy ordinances.
vesl, n. a kind of cloak.
vesla (aS), v. to make wretched',
refl., veslast, to grow wretched, poor.
veslingr (-s, -ar), m. a poor, puny
person, wretch (hvat myndi v. pessi
var6a mer batinn).
veslings-matSr, m. = veslingr,
veslugr, a. poor, wretched (fdtoekr
ok veslugr landskapr).
vesning, f. being, esse?tce.
vestan, adv. ( \)from the west (ri6u
si6an hina somu lei6 vestr, sem l)eir
hofSu V. ridit) ; v. um haf, ^fro?n west
over the sea \from the British Islands;
(2) on the western side of, with gen.
(v. boejar) ; fyrir v., west of, with ace.
(fyrir v. votnin).
veatan-fertS, f. journey from the
west\ -inatSr, m. a man from the
west; -ve?5r, n. west wind; -ver^r,
a. western, westerly (hit priSja bu dtti
hann vid sjoinn k -verQum Myrum) ;
-vindr, m. west wind.
vestarr, adv. compar. more to the
west (eigi v. en i Hrutafjord).
vestar-liga, adv. toward the west,
vestastr, a. superl., see ' vestri '.
Vest-firSingar, m. pi. the men from
the Westfjordsiy^^\.^\^\x)^\Vi Iceland.
vest-firt5is, adv. in the west of a
fjord; -firzka, f. a cusiofu in the
West-fjords; -firzkr, a. fro7n the
West-fjords.
Vest-fyldir, m. pi. men from the
Norse district Vestfold ; -maSr, m.
a man from the West, one from the
British Isles, ^s^.fro/n Ireland, opp.
to 'AustmaSr'.
vestr, n. (i) the west (frd vestri ok
til norSrs) ; sk ek fugl fljuga or vestri,
f'om the west ; (2) adv. westwards,
west, towards the west (hvert sinn er
J)u riSr v. e6a vestan) ; t)ykki I)er eigi
gott V. J)ar, there in the west ; sigla v.
um haf, to sail westwards over the
sea, to the British Isles.
vestr-fer5, -for, f. a journey to the
west ; -half a, f. the western part or
region ; -herut5, n. pi. the western
districts (of Iceland).
vestri, a. compar. 7nore westerly (v.
byg3) ; vestastr, superl. W(?j-/'ze/(?i'/.?r/j'
(liggja J)essi lond vestust).
Vestr-lond, n. pi. (i) the British
Isles ; (2) the Occident.
vestr-sveitir, f. pi. the western dis-
tricts (of Iceland) ; -vegr, m. the
' western way', i. e. the British Isles
(herja i-veg) ; -viking, f. afreebooting
expedition to the West (Vestrlond) ;
-SBtt, f. the western quarter , of the
heavens (lita i -astt).
vest-rcena, f. westerly witid; -rosnn,
a. westerly (vindar -roenir).
vessel a, v. = vesala.
vesfflll, a. = vesall.
vesold (gen. -aldar), f. misery,
wretchedness.
vetlingr, m. glove (cf. ' vottr ').
vetr (gen. vetrar, pi. vetr), m. (i)
winter ; mi6r v., midwinter ; 1 v., this
winter; v. ver3r mikill, the winter
VETRA
1487]
VI©
becomes cold, severe ; i. vetri, { vetri,
last winter \ {2) year (sextin vetra
gamall) ; tiu vetrum si5arr, ten years
later.
vetra (aS), v. to becojne winter \
li6r fram haustinu ok tekr at v., the
winter began to set in, it became
wintry.
vetrar-braut, f. winter - road ;
-dagr, m. winter-day ; d -dag, in the
winter \ -far, n. the course {cha?'acter)
of winter (sag3i hon monnum forlog
sin ok -far ok adra hluti) ; -langt, adv.
during wi7iter, throughout the wiftter ;
-megn, n. the severest part {the depth)
of tvifiter; -nau$, f. severe winter]
-riki,n. = -nauc3 (-riki var mikit); -tic5,
f. winter-tide ; -timi, m. winter-time.
vetra-tal, n. number of winters,
years (fyrr rosknir at afli en -tali).
vetr-beit,f. winter pasture ; -bjorg,
f. winter provender ; -gamall, a. a
year old (-gamalt lamb) ; -gata, f.
winter-road \ -gem.liiigr, m. a sheep
a winter old\ -gestr, m. winter-
guest\ -griS, n. winter-stay, wintcr-
quaj-ters (bj66a e-m -grid) ; -hagi, m.
winter pasture ; -hringr, m. the
milky way ; -bus, n. pi. winter-
houses, opp. to ' sel' ; -langt, adv.
= vetrarlangt ; -licSi, m. one who has
passed a winter, ''winter-old^ bear',
-ligr, a. wintry ; -IsBgr, a. lying up
in harbour for the winter.
vetrnatta-belgr, f. the first Sunday
in the winter-season ; -skeiS, n. the
season when winter sets in.
vetr-naetr, f. pi. the winter nights
(the three days which begin the winter
season) ; -seta, f. wititer quarters ;
-taka, f. taking a winter-gtiest.
vetrtaks-, or vetrtoku-matSr, m.
winter-guest.
vetrungr (-s, -ar), m. an atiimal
one winter old, yearling, esp. a calf.
vetr-vecSr, n. winter weather ; -vist,
f. winter abode, winter quarter.
vett, n. lid of a chest, see ' vaett'.
veit-fangr, -rim, -vangr, see vastt-,
etc. ; vettugi, see vasttugi.
v6urr, m. holy warder.
vexa (-ta, -tr), v. to rub with wax.
vicS or vitSr, prep, with dat. and
ace; I. with dat. {i) against -, hanii
slo honum ni5r v. steininum,//^^^j-/^<?rt^
his head against the stone ; hus liggja
v. velli, the houses lie in ruins ; kasta
s^r niSr v. velli, to cast oneself down
on the ground; er inn efri kjoptr v.
himni, en inn ne3ri viQ jor6u, the
upper jaw touches the heaven, the
lower the earth ; hann hjo hann upp
V. gardinum, he smote him close by
the fence ; skera af ser strenginn vi6
0xinni, to cut the string asunder
against the axe ; (2) against, towards,
of direction; horfa v. e-m, to look
towards, face ; (3) along with (hann
hafSi marga smi3u v. ser) ; (4) with,
of an instrument (jarl hljop upp v.
sverdi) ; (5) a?nong] gengu siSan i
sseti sin v. 66rum monnum, among
other 7nen ; (6) denoting barter, ex-
change, against, for (geta gull v.
grjoti) ; (7) denoting remedy, against
(hjdlpa e-m v. e-u) ; (8) against,
denoting contest, warding off (hafa
liSsafla V. e-m) ; hafa (viz. afl) v. e-m,
to be one's match ; (9) ellipt. usages ;
stinga V. fotum, to stop ; hrifa v., to
catch hold', buast v., to make oneself
ready, risa v., to withstand', hvatz
hann fi6r v., whatsoever he inay object ;
II. with ace. (i) by, at, close to (sni6a
skeggit vid hokuna) ; skjoldr vid
sk'yold, shield to shield', v. Sandhola-
ferju, at Sandhol ferry ; v. veginn, by
the wayside ; v. dna, by the river ;
draga segl v. bun, to hoist the sail to
the top ; festa e-n v. mei3, tre, to
fasten to a pole, t7'ee ; binda v. fot e-s,
to bind tip a broken leg', dro upp floka
V. austr, in the east', (2) of time,
towards, at ; v. solar-setr, at sunset ;
V. sol, with the sun, at sunrise ; v.
aptan, towards evening ; vera v. aldr,
to be stricken in years ; {z) ^l^by (vera
heima v. bu sitt) ; Hrutr var v. skip
um sumarit, H. stayed by his ship
during the summer ; sitja v. styri, to
sit at the rudder ; sty6ja sik v. e-t, to
lean on ; ganga v. staf, to walk with
a staff', vera v. e-t, to be present at ;
sitja V. drykk, to sit at drink ; (4)
denoting direction ; 1 syn v. bceinn,
within sight of the town ; (5) denoting
VID
[488]
VID-KOMA
company, with (bauS Jseim heim vi3
alia sina menn) ; v. annan, J)ri5ja,
fjorSa mann, being two^ tliree, four
altogether ; (6) towards (a person or
thing)y respecting^ regardi?ig (mildr,
blidr, goSr v. e-n) ; til gaszlu v. e-n,
for keepiiig, watching one ; hrasddr v.
e-n, afraid of one ; (7) of cause, by,
at ; fall a v. hogg, to fall by a stroke ;
sigia V. stjornuljos, to sail by star-
light', verfia reiSr v. e-t, to become
wroth at; (8) as compared with, set
off against (J)rj6ta mun okkr illsku v.
J)ik) ; eigi minna virfir en v. konung-
inn, of equal worth with the king ;
(9) according to, after (gera klasdi v.
voxt e-s) ; v. sik, in proportion ; hann
var skapadr allr v. sik, well shaped,
syni?netrical ; vita, hvat v. sik vaeri, to
kftow what was the matter', (10)
denoting means, with, by (v. Jjessar
fortolur) ; tendra eld v. e-t, to make
fire by; (il) ellipt. usages; bregda
vi6, to start', hann })agSi v., he
retnained silent ; fa v. J)rju skip, to
add three ships', purfa v., to need',
bjarga, hjalpa e-u v., to help, put
right ; koma e-u vi6, to bring about,
vitS (gen. -jar, pi, -jar), f. withy,
withe ; collar (viSjar af gulli).
vi(5a (atS), v. to furnish wood.
vi5a, f. (l) jnast (l^t hann reisa
viduna ok draga seglit) ; Idta skip
renna at {or a) vidum, to let the ship
run under bare poles ; (2) a high deck
or bridge, amidships on ships of war
(Sverrir konungr hljop upp d viSuna),
vi^an, f. cutting and fetching wood.
vitSar - bulungr, m., -byrSr, f.,
-fang, n. a pile, burden, armful of
wood', -flaki, m. hurdle {scaffolding)
of wood ; -fong, n. pi. wood-stores ;
-hlass, n. load of wood', -hogg, n.
wood-cutting', -lauf, n. wood-leaves',
-mark, n. mark on a tree ; -rif, n. the
right of taking fagots ; -rot, f. root of
a tree ; -rminr, m. grove ; -taka, f.
wood-pilfering', -tdg, f. tough root;
-taiga, f. wood-cutting; -teinungr,
m. wand ; -val, n. picked wood ;
-verk, n. wood-work ; -voxtr, m.
young plantation, brushwood ; -0x, f.
wood-axe.
vi5a-val, n. selection of timber,
vitS-band, n. withy-band.
vi(5-bara, f. objection, pretext ; -bein,
-beina, n. collar-bone ; -bit, n. butter,
vi^-bitull, m. withy-bridle.
vi§-bj6Sr, m. disgust, dislike (mdr
er -bjoSr vi3 e-u, um e-3).
vi(S-bj6rn, m. wood-bear, black bear,
vit5-bland, n. ad?nixture (taka
-bland af e-u).
vitS-borSi, m. the broadside turned
towards the enemy ; vera (hafa sik) i.
-bor6a, to be broadside on^ in an
exposed position.
vitS-bragtS, n. (i) quick movement,
start ; skjotligr 1 -bragQi, on the alert;
seinligr i -bragSi, slow in his move-
ments ; bregSa engum -brogSum, to
make no starts, not to stir; (2) look,
countenance, outward appearance
(skolbrunn ok nokkut grimmligr i
-bragdi) ; -brekt, a. n. steep, uphill^
opp. to * forbrekkis ' (var -brekt at
ri6a at boenum) ; -bunatSr, m.,
-buningr, m. preparation ; hafa
-buna6, -buning, to get oneself ready,
vitS-fall, n. (i) the lowering of a
mast (vi6r) ; (2) prosperous issue
(vsentir mik, at eigi fai J)eir -fall paSan
af) ; nd, 0ngu -falli, to come to no con-
clusion.
vi(S-fang, n. (i) dealing with; g66r,
har6r, illr -fangs, good, hard, bad to
deal with; (2) ^^X., -ion^, stores, pro-
visions (en er ^at t^rytr, Jjd mun illt
til -fanga).
viSfanga-laust, a. n. without pro-
visions.
vitS-fellinn, a. pliant, complaisant
(vera -fellinn vi3 e-n) ; -for, f. treat-
ment (hafa verri -farar) ; -ganga, f.
confessio?i (-ganga synda).
vitSgprtSar - mikill, a. requiring
great efforts, dangerous (vedr var
hvasst ok -mikit).
vi(S-g0rnmgr, m. treatment (g66r
-gorningr) ; -hjalp, f. help, support.
viS-hoger, n. wood-cutting.
vi^i-haell, m., see ' vi6i-hcell *.
vicSja, f. withy, = vi5.
vi6-kenning, f. (i) an additional
kenning; (2) ackfiowledgetfient (koma
til -kenningar sannleiksins) ; -koma.
VID-KVAD
[489]
VID-SMJOR
f. touch ; -kvaS, n. = -kveO ; -kvdma,
f. = -koma ; -kve$, n. scream^ yell,
shriek ; -koemiliga, adv. becomingly.
vi(5-kostr, m. pile of ivood.
vitS-lagning, f. addition ; -Idtinn,
pp. prepjred^ready (kvezt eigi mundu
i antiat sinn betr -latinn) ; -Idtinn at
greifia, ready to pay ; nu er svi -Idtit,
at, now things stand so that ; -leitinn,
a. trying to do one's best, endeavour-
ing (viSIeitinn um ailar if)r6ttir) ;
-leitni, f. e?ideavour, attempt ; -lifi,
n. behaviour, conduct \ -likr, a. simi-
lar ; -logur, f. pi. fines, = viSrlog
(miklar vidlogur vi6 manns aftak) ;
-msBli, n. (i) conversation, interview
(veita e-m -maeli) ; gofir, bliSr -mselis,
affable ; (2) agreement (Jjotti honum
eigi haldizt hafa -masli t)eira) ; -nam,
n. resistance (veita -ndm).
viSr, prep, with dat. and ace. = vi5.
viSr (gen. -ar ; pi. -ir, ace. -u), m.
(1) tree (hann sd einn ikorna i viSam
uppi) ; {2) forest, wood', sol gengr til
vidar, the sun sets ; (3) felled trees,
timber (nu vil ek at J)u takir mjol ok
vi6) ; (4) mast.
vitSra (at$), v. (i) to blow, be such
and such, of the weather ; fjold um
vidrir (= viSrar) d fimm dogum, the
weather often changes in five days ;
(2) to snuffle, scent (refkeilan vi5ra6i i
allar asttir).
viSr-auki, m. augmentation, addi-
tion ; -bort5i, m. = -borSi ; -bunatJr,
-buningr, m. = viSbunaSr, vi5-
buningr; -eign, f. (l) dealing with,
intercourse ; illr, harSr -eignar, hard
to deal with, ill to manage ; (2) ^«-
^-(7z^«/^r(-eignSigmundarok Haralds).
vicS-reki, m. drift of wood.
vit5-retta, f. redress, compensation.
vic5r-fong, n. pi. = viSfang 2 ; -gan-
ga, f. (ij resistance ; (2) = viSganga ;
-bending, f. ^ after-rhy7ne\ the latter
rhyme-syllable in a verse-line ; -hjal,
n. conversation^ talk ; -hjdlp, f. help,
assistance.
-vitSri, n. weather ; in compds., haf-,
heiS-, hvass-, land-, vdt-vi6ri, &c.
viSr-jafna (aS), v. to compare (e-t
e-u) ; -kenning, f. = vidkenning ;
-komning, f. compunction ; -kvetS,
n. = viSkveS ; -kvaemiliga, a. be-
cojningly, -kvaBmiligr or koemiligr,
a. becoming ; -lifhatSr, m. means of sus-
tenance ; -lit, n. ( I ) « looking towards ;
(2) look, countenance (Hornbogi var
i viSrliti bjartlitaSr).
viSrlita-mikill, a. big to behold.
vitSr-lifi, n.= -lifnaflr; -liking, f.
comparison, tJftitation ; -likjast (t),
V. refl. to imitate, with dat. ; -likr, a.
j/;;///rfr, = vidlikr ; -lasgr, a. near \
var jDa -lasgt, at, it was on the verge ;
-log, n. ^^\. fine, penalty ; -logur, f. pi.
= -log ; -maeli, n. conversation, talk-
ing together; -nam, n. resistance,
= vi6nim ; -nefni, n. stirname ; -ortS,
n. adverb ; -rcetSa, f. = vi6roe6a.
vitSr-sjon, f. a warning, a thing to
be shunned ; -akipti, n. = vidskipti ;
-skotull, a. iatinting", -slag, n. the
parrying of a blow ; -S3m, -synd, f.
= -sjon ; -taka, f. = vi5taka ; -tal, n.
conversation ; -talan, f. talking to-
gether ; -tekt, f. reception, receiving ;
hafa -tektir goflar, to be well received ;
-toekiligr, a. susceptible, acceptable',
-vera, f. presence', -verandi, pr. p.
present', -vist, f. (l) presence; (2)
means of sustenance (oil onnur skepna
var skopud manninum til -vistar) ;
-vseri, n. = -vist (2).
vitS-roeSa, f. conversation, talk,
vitS-sjd (pi. -Bjar), f. a shunning,
wariness (voru J^d miklar dylgjur ok
-sjdr med t)eim) ; gjalda (veita) -sjd, to
be on one' s guard ', hann gerSi at-sjam
at finna hann, he shunned him deli-
berately ; -sjall, a. on one's guard
against (vid e-u).
vit5.--ja-, or vic5sjar-maSr, m. a per-
son to be on one's guard against, to be
shunned', -vertSr, a. worth being on
one's guard against.
vitS-skipti, n. (i) dealings', illr,
hoegr, go fir -skiptis, ill, easy, good to
deal with ; (2) plur. hostile inter-
course ,(segir honum frd -skiptum
t)eira Asgrims) ; (3) sexual inter-
course (eiga -skipti vi3 karlmenn).
viSakota-illr, a. fnalicious.
viS-skraf, n. talk, chat.
vitS-smjor, n. * wood-butter \ {olive)
oil (smurSr helgu -smjori).
vidsmjOrs-horn
[490]
VIIiJA
viSsmjors-horn, -ker, n., -ketill,
m. a horn, vessel, of oil ; -kvistr, m.
olive branch ; -tr6, n. olive tree,
vitS- spell, -spjall, n. conversation ;
-staSa, f. resistance (fekk hann enga
-sto6u) ; -synd, f. = vidrsyn, viQrsjon;
-soemandi, pr. p. beseefning ; -soeni-
ing, f. respects, homage (veita e-m
-seeming) ; hoegr -soemingar, easy to
get on with ; -taka, f. (i) reception,
receiving ; hann fekk Jiar enga -toku,
he was rejected', veita konungi -toku,
to receive the king', (2) pi., esp. hos-
pitality ; vera g66r -takna, to be a good
host ; fd goSar -tokur, to be well re-
ceived ; (3) resistance, — viSrtaka
(var J)ar litil -taka) ; -takandi, m. re-
ceiver ; -tal, n. conversation, =
viOrtal ; -tekja, f. reception (fa godar
-tekjur) ; -tekt, f. = vi6rtekt ; -tcEki-
ligr, a. agreeable.
vicStoku-maSr, m. receiver.
vic5-varan, f. warning ; -varnan, f.
abstinence froin (-varnan foezlu) ;
-vindill, m. woodbine ; -vaeri, n. =
vidrvseri ; -vorun, f, = -varan.
vigg, n. poet, horse, steed.
vigr (pi. vigrar), f. poet, spear.
vika (gen. pi. vikna), f. (i) week;
nu li6r sumarit til dtta vikna, //// it
was eight weeks to winter ; hin helga
v., Holy-week (after Whitsun) ; efsta
v., the last week of Lent, Passion-
week ; (2) sea-mile, = vika sjovar, v.
saevar (Olafseyjar liggja ut d, firSinum
halfa a6ra viku undan Reykjanesi).
vikna (at5), v. to give way (v. fyrir,
V. vi6) ; of ranks in battle, in wrestling
(gekk L. svd fast fram, at Jjeir viknuQu
fyrir Skotarnir).
vikottr, a. bald on the forehead
above the temples (bleikr i. hdr ok v.
snemma).
vikr, f. pumice'Stone (fio v. mikil d
boeinn i Naefrholt).
vil (gen. vilja), n. pi. entrails.
vil, n. (i) desire, lust (dul ok v.);
(2) i V. e-m, at one's will, to one's
liking (rdSa drauma 1 v. e-m).
vil-bjorg, f. good help.
vild, f. (I) will, liking (eptir vdrri
v.) ; (2) favotir (fyrir vildar sakir vi6
lydinn).
vildar-folk, n. the chosen people \
-kl8e(5i, n. pi. the best clothes, state-
robes ; -litS, n. the best 7nen, favour-
ites ; -niac5r, m. a distinguished man,
favourite (konungr ok mart -manna) ;
-msBr, f. favourite maid, maid of
honour.
vildis-lySr, m. the best men, = vil-
darliS ; -ma^r, m. = vildarmadr.
vildr (compar. vildri or vildari,
superl. vilztr or vildastr), a. (i)
agreeable (era sd vinr oSrum, er vilt
eitt segir) ; (2) good, choice, esp. in
compar. and superl. better, best ;
honum var ekki vildara af van, he ex-
pected nothing better ; vildra sverS,
better sword.
vil-gali, vs\. flattery, = fagrgali.
vilgi, adv. (i) very, v. mjok, very
much (hann kviddi engu v. mjok) ;
(2) by no means, not at all (hann vissi
pat V. gorla).
vilgis, adv. very, = vilgi (v. opt.).
vil-hallr, a. partial', segja -hallt, to
give a partial, unfair report (lidsmenn
segja opt -hallt, ok segja J)at, er peir
vildi at Vccri).
vili (gen. vilja), m. (i) will, wish,
desire (sigrssell er goSr v.) ; (2) dis-
position, ?niftd (vera e-m me6 g68um
vilja) ; (3) delight, joy ; vanr vilja,
joyless.
vilja (vil, vilda, vil j at), v. (l) to
will, wish, with infin, (nu vil ek
spyrja y6r) ; Austmadr kvazt vildu
(pret. infin.) fyrir hafa land, the
Easterling said he wished to have
land for {the ship) ; with the infin. left
out or understood ; vildi ASalraSr
hann ekki J)ar, A. wished him not (to
be) there ; hon vildi hann feigan, she
wished hi7n dead', with subj., viltu, at
ek fara til eyjanna, wilt thou that I
shall go to the islands', (2) with ace.
to wish, want (eigi vil ek pessa) ; hvat
vilt l)u honum, what dost thou want
with him ? ; v. hverjum manni gott,
to wish good to everybody ; v. heldr,
to prefer (viltu heldr dominn ?) ; (3)
impers., var siglt inn eptir firSinum
svd sem vera vildi, as best might be, at
ra?tdom ; {)d. er vel vildi, when the
luck was fair ; (4) v. e-m^ to favour
VILJADR
[491]
VINA-VEIZLA
one (pat er vdn, at J)er mundi soemdin
v.) ; (5) V. til, to Jiappen (ef t)at a til
at V.) ; (6) refl., t)eir viljast eigi vi6
OSS, they bear no good will towards
us.
viljatSr, a. (i) ivilling, inclined', nii
vaera ek a f)at v. at, / should like to ;
skal ek eigi vera verr v. en hann, 1
shall 7iot be less eager {less ready)
than he \ (2) intentio7ied, disposed (at
drottning mundi miklu verr viljuS) ;
vera e-m vel v., well disposed towards
one ; e-m er litt viljat til e-s, one does
not like a person ; jatta Jjvi nokkuru,
er J)eim vaeri eigi vel viljat, not to
their liking.
vilja-goSr, a. well disposed \ -lauss,
a. joyless ; -leysa, f., -leysi, n. want
of will ', -ligr, a. voluntary.
viljan-liga, adv. willingly ; -ligr,
a. willing.
viljari, a. compar,, viljastr, a.
superl. = vildari, vildastr, see ' vildr '.
viljug-liga, adv. readily.
viljugr, a. (i) williftg, ready (v. til
e-s) ; (2) to one's liking (hvart sem
henni vseri J)at viljugt e6a miSr).
vilkit, a. n., poet, not good, dis7nal.
villa, f. (l) err or ^ falsehood \ (2)
heresy ; (3) delusion.
villa (-ta, -tr), v. (i) to lead astray
(nott hefir mik villt) ; ok er sva villt
fyrir mer, at, / am so bewildered that ;
(2) to falsify, counterfeit (v. heimildir
i. fe) ; villtar runar, dark, obscure
runes ; rista (runar) villt, to mis-write,
write wrong', v. leitina fyrir e-m, to
confoicnd the search^ put one on a
wrong scent ; (3) refl., villast, to go
astray, lose one's way (hafdi hann
villzt ok snuizt fra guSi) ; with gen.,
nu villtust Jjeir vegar, 7iow they lost
the road', villtust hundarnir farsins,
the hoimds lost the track ; peim ollum
villtist syn, at engi J)eira matti finna
hann, they were all so bewildered that
none of the7n could fi7id hir7i.
villi-bra$, f. ve7iison ; -dyr, n. wild
beast ; -eldr, m. wild-Jire ; -fygli, n.
wild fowl ; -foerr, a. bewilderi7tg,
difficult to f7id the way (var Jjeim
-foert til boejarins) ; -gratSungr, m.
wild bull ; -goltr, m. wild boar ;
-rd^a, a. indecl. bewildered \ -sautJr,
m. wild sheep ; -skogr, m. wild
forest; -sky, n. bewildering cloud',
-stigr, m. wild, false path ; -svin, n.
wild boar.
villr, a. (i) wild, false (hverfa af
villumgotum) ; (2) bewildered, erring,
astray ; fara v., fara \\\\\.,to go astray
(hann for v. um storar merkr ok
ukunnar) ; (3) perplexed, uncertain
(peir ur6u viliir a hvara hond {)eim
sjor skyldi liggja) ; with gen., fara v.
vegar, to go astray.
villu-atriinaSr, m. false belief, tm-
belief; -biskup, m. false bishop ;
-bond, n. pi. bo7ids of error ; -domr,
m. error ; -draumr, m. false dream ;
-dyr, n. = villidyr ; -efni, n. cause of
error ; -fuUr, a. erroneous ; -gata, f.
wrong path ; -karl, m. = -ma6r ;
-kast, n. wro7ig throw ; -keisari, m.
false {heretic) emperor; -lauss, a.
freefro7n error, orthodox ; -maSr, m.
heretic ; -nott, f. night of error ;
-samligr, -samr, a. erroneous, false',
-spamac5r, m. false prophet ; -stigr,
m. = villistigr; -tru, f. unbelief,
heresy ; -vegr, m. way of error.
vil-mal, -maBli, n. kind wo7'd, word
of good will (hafa -mseli vi3 e-n) ;
-masltr, pp. speaking to one's liking
(vera -masltr e-m).
vilna (atS), v. (i) to 77iake concession
to, favour one (t)au ein kaup hofSu
Jieir vi6 atzt, at J)eim var eigi vilnat 1) ;
(2) refl., vilnast e-s, to hope for, wish
for, a thing (vilnadist hann jafnan
gu6s miskunnar).
vilnacSr (gen. -ar), m. (f) joy, co7n-
fort ; (2) hope.
vilnan, f. = vilnaSr ; iSrast meS v.,
to repent with hope.
vilt, a. n. from * vildr ' and * villr *.
vim pill, m. ' wi7npie ', veil,
vin (gen. -jar), f. 7neadow.
vin, m. friend, — vinr.
vina, i.fe7nalef7^end.
Vina - bot5, n. feast of frie7ids ;
-f iindr, m. 7neeti7ig of friends ; -skipti,
n. change of fiends ; -styrkr, m.
strength, backing of friends ; -vandr,
a. partic2ilar as to friends ; -veizla,
f. = -bo6.
VINATTA
[492]
VIN-GbBR
vindtta, i. friendship (binda, halda,
vinattu vi6 e-n).
vinattu-bot5, n. friendly offer ^ offer
of fjiefidship ; -bragS, n. friendly
turn ; -heit, n. p7-omise of friendship ;
-kvetJja, i, friendly greeting \ -mark,
n. token of friendship ; -nial, n.
message^ intercoiirsey of friendship ;
-merki, n. = -mark ; -samligr, a.
friendly, amicable.
vin-bein, n. collar-bone^ » vi9-
bein (lestist vinbein bans).
vinda (vind ; vatt, undum ; und-
inn), v.\i) to twist, wring, squeeze ;
V. klccSi sin, to wring one's wet clothes\
V. sik s= V. klaeSi sin (voru allir vdtir
ok toku at V. sik) ; v. e-t sundr, to
break, snap astmder (hann vatt Ijainn
i sundr milli handa ser) ; (2) to wind,
twist ; V. vef, to wi7id the woof ; pasr
or sandi sima undu, they wound a
rope out of sa7id', (3) to wind, hoist
up by means of a * vinddss ' ; v. segl,
to hoist sail {^€\x undu segl sm) ; v.
upp akkeri, to weigh anchor ; vindum
af rasfrit af skalanum, let us pull the
roof off the hall ; {^ to turn, swing ;
hof3i vatt {)d, Gunnarr ok Hogna til
sagSi, G. turned his head and spoke
to H. ; V. eldski3u i nasfrarnar, to hurl
a burning brand on the roof', vindr
upp sjodnum, he suddenly lifted up
the money-bag \ (5) refl., vindast, to
make a stcdden movement, turn one-
self quickly ; pres. ' vizt ' (i J)vi kemr
{>orger5r inn, ok vizt Helgi vid fast
ok fellr ofan af J)ilinu).
vinda, f. hank of yarn.
vinda-bru, f. draw-bridge.
vindandi, f. the use of v (vend)
before x, as in v-rangr, v-iei3r.
vind-aiiga, n. window, = -gluggr.
vind-ass, m. wi7i ding-pole, whtd-
lass (t)eir undu me6 -asum).
vind-belgr, m. wi7id-bag, bellows',
-blaka, f. wind-flaw, breeze', -bids-
inn, pp. distended by the wind ;
-blastr, m. wind-blast', -blesr, m.
light air, breath ; -fullr, a. wi7idy ;
-gluggr, m. wi7idow ; -gul, n. air,
wind, breeze; -heimr, m. wo7'ld of
the winds, the air '^ -hjalmr, m. ^wind-
heltnet', the sky.
vindingr, m. strips of cloth for
wi7iding rojiftd the leg.
vind-kaldr, a. wind-cold,
vindla (atS), v. to wind up (v. ull).
Vind-land,n. the land of the We7ids,
vind-lauss, a. windless, calm (vedr
var -laust ok sjakyrt).
vind-lenzkr, a. VVe7idish.
vindli, m. wisp (fjuka sem v.),
vind-ligr, a. windy (ve6r var -ligt) ;
-litill, a. light of wi7id, calm (ve3r
voru vindlitil).
vindr (-s or -ar), m. (i) wind; v.
var a norSan, it blew from the North ;
(2) air (gekk sva milli uvina sinna
naliga sem hann ceQi vind).
vindr, m. wi7idi7ig- stairs.
vindr (vind, vint), a. awry,
Vindr, m. pi. the IVends.
vinds-blflBr, m. = vindblaer ; -bylr,
m. gust of wind; -fullr, a. = vind-
fullr ; -gnyr, m. squall of wind,
vind-skeiS, f. barge-board.
vind-stoeSi, n. the direction of the
wind; -svalr, a. = -kaldr.
vindugr, a. exposed to the wind (ek
hekk vin[d]ga meiSi a).
vind-verska, f. the Wendish Ian-
guage ; -verskr, a. Wendish.
vind-J)rotinn, pp. short of wi7id;
-purr, a. wind-dry, air-dried (vi6r
-l)urr) ; -seSar, f. pi. *' wind-veins\
the arteries ; -old, f. * wind-age ', a
ti7ne of tempests.
vin-fastr, a. steadfast as a f7'ie7id;
-fengi, n. f7'ie7idship ; -feati, f. stead-
fastness in frie7idship.
vinga(5r, pp. standing in friendly
relations (vel var Sveinn jarl v. vi3
lenda menn).
vingan, i. frie7tdliness, friendship.
vingaaar-heit, n. pi., -mal, n. pi.,
-orS, n. pi., -svipr, m. pro77iise, asser-
tions, words, look of friendship.
vingast (at5), v. to 77iake friends ;
V. vi5 e-n, til e-s, to enter into friend-
ship, or friendly relations, with a
perso7i.
vin-gjarnliga, 2i^v.f7'ie7tdly, ki7tdly\
-gjarniigr, 2,. friendly, kind; -gjof, f.
friendly gift ; -gotSr, a. kind towards
one's frie7ids ; neut. -%o\X, frienaliness
(heldr vil ek gjalda feit, ok mun -gott
VINGUIiL
[493]
VINNINGR
i m6ti koma) ; -gott var mefi J)eim,
t^ey were good friends ; eiga -gott
vid e-n, to be good friends with a
person.
vingull, m. a horses male organ.
vin-gfiBfr, a. procuring friends (mun
OSS sjd sigr ekki -gasfr vera) ; -goetSi,
n. kiftdness, a?m ability ; -hallr, a. (i)
partial ; eigi var hann -hallr i domum,
he was no respecter of persons in his
decisions'^ (2) = -hollr ; -hollr, a.
true, steadfast as a friend, a_ffectionate
as a friend ] -hollr e-vn, friendly to-
wards one ; -kaup, n. acquisition of
a friend (honum t)6tti i J)er mest
-kaup); -kona, f. female friend \
-lauss, 2i.frie7idless ; -margr, a. hav-
ing many frie?ids ; -mdl, -maBli, n.
friendly words, assertions (Egill J)akk-
a3i konungi gjafar ok -masli).
vinna (vinn ; vann, unnum ;
unninn), v. (i) to work, labour, do
work (Asmundr vildi litit v.) ; v. a
akri ok ploegja, to work in the field
and plough ; {"2.) to work, till, culti-
vate (v. akr, jorSina) ; (3) to work,
perform, do ; v. verk sin, to do one's
work ; ^at verQr hverr at v., er astlat
er, every one must do the work that is
set before him ; jDer hafiS mikit stor-
virki unnit, ye have done a great
deed; v. eid, soeri, to take an oath ;
V. boetr i. e-u, to redress ; v. e-m bein-
leika, be in a, to show hospitality to
one ; v. e-m geig, bana, to work hartn,
death, to one ; v. e-m usoemd, to bring
shame, disgrace on one ; v. e-m bot
(illt), to do one good {harm) ; v. e-m
hefnd, to take revenge on ; (4) v. e-m,
to wait upon, attend to, tend (Hos-
kuldr ba6 hana vinna Jjeim hjonum) ;
(5) to win, gain ; v. orrustu, sigr, to
gain a battle, victory ; v. sigr d e-m,
to obtain a victory over, defeat, one ;
(6) to win, conquer (v. land, borgir,
skip) ; v. e-t aptr, io recover by con-
quest, reconquer (v. aptr Jjat riki, er
Idtit er) ; (7) to overcome, master, get
the better of (J)eir setla, at iDeim muni
ilia soekjast at v. oss) ; (8) to avail
(veit ek eigi, hvat t)at vinnr) ; e-t vinnr
e-m Jjorf, it suffices, is sufficient for
one (t)orf vinnr hverjum presti at sesja
eina messu) ; v. e-m at fullu, to be
quite siifficientfor one, do away with,
kill (tok hann sott J^d, er honum vann
at fullu) ; (9) to wiihsta7id, with dat.,
= V. vi3 e-u ; skopum vifir (= vinnr)
manngi, no 7nan can withstand his
fate ; (10) followed by an adj. or pp.,
to make (v. e-n sdran, reiSan, barSan,
felldan) ; vann hann yfirkominn
Harald, he succeeded in vafiquishing
H. ; v. hefnt, to take revenge ; v.
sannat, to prove; (11) to reach
(smi(3u6u einn stopul, Jjann er J)eir
aetludu at v. skyldi til himins) ; (12)
with preps., v. at e-u, to be busy with
(v. at heyi) ; v. at svinum, sau6fd, to
tend swine, sheep ; fd ekki at unnit,
to effect nothing (ekki munu Jjer ii. at
unnit svd buit) ; v. at e-m, to do away
with, kill (J)at var markat i. tjaldinu,
at SigurSr vann at Fafni) ; v. e-t i., to
do, effect (hofum ver mikit i. unnit 1
varri fer3) ; v. d e-m, to do one bodily
injury, — v. dverka i. e-m (meS l)ann
hug at v. d Gunnari) ; v. e-t til e-s, to
do one thing in order to obtain or
effect another (vildi hann v. J)at til
ScCttar me6 peim broeSrum) ; J)at vil
ek til vinna, that I ain ready to do ; v.
til e-s, to make oneself worthy of, de-
serve (v. til dau6a) ; v. til fjdr ok
fraegSar, io act so as to gain money
and fame; v. viS e-u, to withstand
(matti hann ok eigi vi5 skopum v. n^
sinu aldrlagi) ; v. e-n yfir, to over-
come ; ( 1 3) refl., vinnast, to last, suffice ;
medan dagrinn vannst, as long as the
day lasted; Illugi elti hann meSan
eyin vannst, to the end of the island;
festrin vannst eigi til jarSar, the 7'Ope
was not lo7ig enough to touch the
ground ; par satu konur uti ixi. sem
vannst, as there was room ; ek vinnst
eigi til J)er at launa, / a7n unable to
reward thee ; ekki unnust Jjau mjok
fyrir, they did little to support the7n-
selves; recipr., vinnast d, to wound
one another,
vinna, f. work, labour; vera at
vinnu, to be at work.
vinnandi (pi. -endr), vinnari, m.
worker.
vinningr, m. gain, profit.
VINNU-FULLB
[494]
VIRGIIili
vinnu-fullr, a. having pleiity of
work ; -foerr, a. able to work ; -g6§r,
a. clever at work ; -greifi, m. over-
seer \ -hjiin, n. pi. work-people, ser-
vants on a farm ; -litill, a. doing
little work\ -ma^r, m. labourer, man-
servant on a farm.
vinr (-ar, -ir), m. friend) i porf
skal vinar neyta, a friend in need is
a friend indeed; hverr d. sdr vin me6
uvinum, every 07ie has a friend ajnottg
foes ; vera e-m i vina hiisi, to be one's
friend.
vin-raun, f. proof of friendship ;
-rsB^i, n. f^X.frietidliness, = vinsemd ;
-samliga, adv. in a friendly mamier ;
-samligr, a. friendly, amicable ;
-semd, -semi, {.friendliness ; -send-
ing, {.friendly message orgift se?it]
-skapr, m. friendship ; -slit, n. pi.
breach of friendship (petta mun okkr
ver6a at -slitum) ; -spell, n. spoili?ig
offrieftdship.
vinstri, a. compar. the left {i. v.
hlid, til V. handar).
vin-s8Blast (d), v. refl. to endear
oneself to (-saslast e-m) ; -sseld, f.
popularity (toku vi6 slikt at vaxa
-saeldir bans) ; -ssbII, a. blessed with
friends, beloved, popular (hann var
-saell af ollum monnum) ; maSrinn var
miklu -saslli en a6r, inuch more liked
than before ; -tengdr, pp. bound in
friendship', -traust, n. trust in a
friend; -veittliga, adv. kindly, i7i
a friendly fnanner; -veittligr, a.
friendly; -veittr, a. (i) givefi in a
friendly spirit, agreeable, favourable
(byrrinn ekki -veittr) ; nu mun ek
gera J)dr um -veitt, now I will do thee
a friendly turn ; (2) of persons,
friendly, amiable (uvandbloetr ok
-veittr at veizlum).
vinza (atS), v. to winnow (v. korn).
vin-J)urfi, a. in want of a friend.
vipr, f. pi. child's toys (barna v.).
vipta, f. woof, weft, = veptr.
virSa (-r(5a, -rt5r), v. (i) to fix the
worth of a thing, to tax, vahie (siSan
voru vir6 fe Hallgerdar) ; (2) fig., to
value, estimate (pat kann engi v.
nema gud einn) ; with gen., v. e-t
mikils, to rate highly, think much of;
V. litils, to think or make light of; v.
e-t engis (einskis), to make nothing of;
V. e-t med sjalfum s6r, to bethink one^
self of, consider ; konungr virc5i mest
skald sin, he held his poets in the
highest estimation ; virQi jarl hann
vel, the earl showed him great ho7iour ;
V. til, to pay heed to, regard; hann
kveSst vilja v. til enn heilaga Jacobum
postola, he said he would respect the
sanctity of St. James ; v. e-t til e-s, to
consider {deem) as {v. e-t til utruleika
vi5 e-n) ; v. e-t vel, ilia fyrir e-m, to
put it to his credit, discredit ; (3) refl.,
virSast vel, to be highly esteeined (hann
virdist hvervetna vel) ; impers., virSist
ollum monnum vel til bans, everybody
liked him ; virdist oss sva, sem minn-
kaSist vdr soemd i J)vi, it seems to us,
we think that . . . ; virdist hann
konunginum afbragSsmaSr, the king
thought hiiti to be an exceptional man.
vircSar, m. pi., poet. men.
vir$i-liga, adv. worthily, honour-^
ably ; -ligr, a. (i) worthy, worshipful;
(2) stately, imposing (-ligr madr) ; (3)
of \\\\x\gs,fine, spieftdid (-ligr bustaSrj.
viicSing, f. (l) valuatioft (at logligri
virSingu) ; (2) reputation, honour ;
gera e-m p^ v., to do that honour to
one ; leggja v. a e-n, to make 7nuch oj
one ; (3) opinion^ esteem ; at minni v.,
in my opi?iion.
vir^inga-maSr, m. a man of dis-
tinction or rank ; -mikill, a. distin-
guished, worshipful.
vir$ingar-f6r, f . honourable journey;
-gjarn, a. a?nbitious ; -heimbo^, n.
ho?tourable invitation ; -hlutr, m.
great credit (hafa -hlut af e-u) ; -kona,
f. worthy lady ; -lauss, a. without
hoftour, rank, or distinction ; -matJr,
m. appraiser ; -munr, m. disparity
in rank ; -raS, n. ( i ) respectable estate
or condition ; (2) ho7iourable plan ;
-vsBnligr, -vsenn, a. honoii7-able,
vir^inga-samr, a. a7nbitious.
vir(5i-sanir, a. vain-glorious.
virSu-liga, adv. 7-espectfully (kveSja
e-n -liga) ; mag7tificently (buast -liga) ;
-ligr, a. worthy, fi7te, splendid.
virgin, m. halter (var v. dreginn d
hdls honum).
VIRGIL-KTAB
[495]
VIT
virgil-ndr, m. a corpse on a gallows,
virki, n. (i) work, = verk ; esp. in
compds., ill-, spell-, st6r-, J)rek-virki ;
(2) stronghold, castle.
virkis-armr, m. wing of a castle ;
-macSr, m. defender in a castle.
virkja (-ti, -t), v. impers. = verkja.
virkr, a. (l) working-, in compds,,
g6c5-, hard-, mikil-, stor- ; virkr dagr,
work-day, week-day ; (2) careful,
painstaking (v. at e-u) ; (3) v. e-m,
valued by, dear to (kaerr var hann ok
V. konunginum).
virkt, f. (i) tender care (AstriSr
laeknadi hann med mikilli v.) ; hann
ba6 af peim (= h. bad J)a) virkta
vinum sinum ok fraendum, he recom-
mended his friends and kinsmen to
their special charge ; ok ba6 honum
virkta vi6 konunginn i.6r peir skildi,
recomtnended hi?n to the king before
they parted', {1) good wishes', biSja
e-m virkta, to wish one all good wishes
(Asdis bad honum margra virkta) ;
{3) fondness, affection', spurSi, hverja
hluti H. hef6i, J)a er honum vasri mest
V. a, which were dearest to him ;
leggja i. J)d alia v., to cherish them in
every way ; hafa e-n i k^rleik ok
virktum, to hold one in love and
affection ; (4) af or me3 v., af or me6
virktum, with special care (hann let
gera skip af virktum).
virkta-li(5, n. = -menn ; -maSr, m.
a chose7i man, favourite man (-menn
Sveins konungs) ; J)eir kvadu hann
vera -mann, they said he was a capital
man ; -ratS, n. excellent advice ; -vel,
adv. very well'y -vinr, m. inti?nate
friend.
virku-liga, adv. carefully.
virtr, n. wort (in brewing).
visinn, a. wizened, withered.
visk, f. wisp (halm-visk, sef-visk).
visna (a5), v. to wither (hond
visnaSi ; visnuS hond).
vissa, f. certain knowledge, cer-
tainty (hafa vissu af e-u) ; gera e-m
vissu af e-u, to give notice of.
vissu-liga, adv. certainly (vita
-liga) ; -ligr, a. certain (-lig van).
vist (pi. -ir), f. (i) stay ; hann for til
vistar til Hlidarenda, he went to stay
at H. ; hann var vistum me6 foflur
sinum, he stayed with his father', (2)
abode (margar eru J)d vistir godar ok
margar illar) ; veita e-m v., to lodge
'^^^ j (3) food, provisions, often in pi. ;
0nga v. t)arf hann, he requires no
food ; v. ok drykkr, meat and drink ;
Hrapp praut vistir 1 hafi,//^. ran short
of provisio7ts at sea.
viata (acS), v. (i) to lodge, find
lodgings and food for (hann vistar
kaupmenn nasr ski pi) ; (2) to furnish
with food, provision (J^at var \)k hdttr,
at menn vistudu sik sjalhr til t)ings);
(3) refl., vistast, to take up a fixed
abode, stay, sojourn (hann vildi her
v. um sumarit).
vista - byrSingr, m. store - ship ;
-fang, n. provisions, stores ; -far, n.
domicile ; -fatt, a. n. running short of
provisions (hann haf6i, or honum
var, -fatt) ; -ferli, n. = -far ; -faecS, f.
lack of provisions ', -gjald, n. contri-
but ion in food (leggja -gjald a e-n);
-gnott, plenty of provisions ; -lauss,
a. without provisions ', -leysi, n. lack
of provisions ; -malr, m. provision-
bag.
vistar-far, n. domicile ; fara -fari
k e-n sta6, to go to stay at a place ;
-g0r5, i.fare (eigi er her vond -gorS) ;
-laun, n. pi. board-wages; -matSr,
m. lodger, boarder ; -taka, f. forag-
ing', -tekja, f. sojourning, boarding
(bj63a e-m marga kosti um -tekju) ;
-veizla, f. boarding or housing of a
person ; -vera, f. soJour?t.
vista-skip, n. provision - ship ;
-skortr, m. want of provisions.
vist-fang, n. = vistafang ; -fastr, a.
havi?ig a fixed abode ; -lauss, a. A<?;;/^-
less, with no fixed do/nicile (ek em
ma6r -lauss).
visundr (gen. -s or -ar, pi. -ar),
m. bison-ox.
vit, n. (l) consciousness', hafa v.
sitt, vita vits sins, to be in one's sefises,
be conscious ; (2) intelligence, cogni-
zance ; a farra f allra) manna viti, within
few (all) men^s knowledge ; {'3) wit, un-
derstanding, reason ; vel viti borinn,
with a good understanding ; ganga af
vitinu, to go out of one's wits, go mad
VIT
[496]
VITJA
(hann var5 sv^ hrasddr, at hann gekk
n^liga af vitinu) ; pat er mitt v., at, z/
is my opinion t?iat\ (4) setise, organ of
j^«j<?(ekki v.mannsheyrirnemaeyruj;
(5) pi., a place where a t/iifig is kept^
receptacle (vardveita e-t i vitum sin-
um) ; (6) visiting^ searching \ for M.
jarl vestr um haf i. v. rikis sins, M.
returned to his kingdo7n ; ri5a i. v. sin,
to look after one's own affairs.
vit or vi5, pers. pron. dual, we two.
vita (veit, vissa, vitacSr), v. (i) to
have sense ^ be conscious (hann var enn
eigi 0rendr, en vissi f)6 ekki) ; with
gen., grd6ugr hair, nema ge6s viti, un-
less he has his semises about him ; (2)
to know ; engi vissi skapara sinn, no
one kftew his maker ; Jjcir er vel mart
vitu, those who know many things ;
V. sik saklausan, to know oneself to be
innocent ; veizt J)u, hvat "pir man
verSa at bana, dost thou know what
will be the cause of thy death f ; v. skyn
i. e-m, to know one ; Flosi kvaSst eigi
V. skyn d, hverir logmenn vseri beztir,
F. said that he knew nothing about
who were the best lawyers ; v. van or
vdnir e-s, to expect^ look for (G. vissi
silks matar {)ar ekki van) ; v. fram, to
be prescient^ know the future ; veit {)at
triia min, upon my faith J ; (3) to see,
try to find out (ba3 pi, v., hvat af
Gretti yrdi ) ; vittu, ef pxx hjalpir, see if
thou canst help ; vit, at J)u nair sverSi
t) vi, try to get that sword ; {\) to look,
be turned towards ; v. upp, fram, aptr,
to look {be turned) upwards, forwards,
backwards ; v. moti solu, at sjdnum,
to face the sicn, the sea ; v. til norSr-
cettar, to look north ; ormahofud 611
vitu inn i husit, all the heads of the
serpents look into the hall; with
gen., Jjeir fundu vinvi6 allt J)ar sem
holta vissi, they found the vine wher-
ever there was woodland; (5) to
come under a certain head ; sokin veit
til lands-Iaga, en ekki til Bjarkeyjar-
rettar, the case co?nes under the coun-
try law, and not under the town-law ;
(6) to bode, betoken, with gen. (ekki
vita slik or8 litils) ; {)at mun eigi 0ng-
ra tiQinda v., this betokens no sinall
tidings ; (7) to mean^ have such and
such bearing ; hvat veit op l)etta, what
meajts this shouting?; eigi veit t)annig
vi6, that is not the case ; seg mer hit
sanna, hversu vi6 veit, how things
stand; ok roeddu um J)at, at nu mundi
vel v., that things were likely to take
a goodtitrft ; (8) with preps., v. af e-u,
to know of (ekki vissi A. af kaupi
t^eira) ; v. e-t at ser, to know oneself
to be guilty of; v. e-t eptir ser = v. e-t
at ser(v. eptir ser slikan gloep) ; v. e-t
frd s6r, to be conscious {sensible) of
(ek var sva syfjaSr, at ek vissa fAtt fra
mer) ; v. e-t fyrir, to know beforehand
(orlog sin viti engi mafir fyrir) ; v. til
e-s, V. til um e-t, to know of (ekki vissu
landsmenn til um ferS f^orolfs) ; v.
ekki til sin, v. ekki til manna, to have
lost consciousness, one's senses ; recipr.
to know of one another (pair vissust
jafnan til i hafinu) ; v. um e-t, to make
inquiries about (fara at v. um e-t) ; to
know about (eigi veit ek um gaman
petta) ; v. e-t vi3 e-n, to get to know a
thing frojn one (mun ek v. vi5 skip-
verja mina, hvat J)eim synist rd6).
vita^r, pp. (i) known, proved ; (2)
marked out (sd er J)eim vollr of v.).
vita-karl, m. beacon-watchma?i.
vit and, f. knowledge, p?'ivity (var
t>at gort me5 ydvarri v. ok ra5i) ; at
minni (vdrri) v., tomy{pur)k7iowledge.
vitan-ligr, a. known (-ligr e-m).
vita-vorSr, m. beacon-watch.
vit-fatt, a. n. short of wit (e-m verfir
-fatt) ; -firring, f . insanity, madness.
viti, m. (i) token, mark, signal ; pat
J)6tti eigi gods v., it boded nothing
good; (2) as a naut. term; hafa vita
af landi, to stand so near land as to
be aware of it; (3) a beacon, kindled
as a warning signal (brenna, kveikja,
kynda vita).
vitja (atS), V. to go to a place, to
visit (tok hann pat rad at v. eigi optarr
til Islands) ; with gen., v. frasnda
sinna, to visit one's kinsmen ; at peir
mundi koma ok v. Gizurar, ^^jj/ G. a
visit, attack him at his home ; pottust
peir vita, hvar bans var at v., where
he was to be found ; J)eir vitja grafi-
ungsins, they went to fetch the bull ;
V. raQahags, raSs, to come to fetch one's
VITJAN
[497]
VfDI-H^LL
bride ; v. einkamala, heita, to come to
claim the fulfilment of an agreement^
or promise.
vitjan, f. visit (hafiS per veitt oss
saemd me6 v. yfivarrar tignar).
vitkaat (-atSj, v. refl. {\) to recover
one's senses ; (2) to recover from a
swoon (uvit).
vitki, m. wizard'^ vitka liki, in the
form of a wizard.
vit-lausa, f. = -leysa ; -lauss, a.
(1) mad (hann hleypr {)egar sem
hann se yitlauss) ; (2) unconscious,
senseless (Olvirld Jjar -lauss, en Bar6r
veginn) ; (3) foolish (-lauss ok illvil-
ja6r); -leysa, f., -leysi, n. madness,
nonsense ; -leysingr, m. a witless,
foolish person ; -litill, a. small-
witted', -matSr, m., -menni, n. a man
of great intellect^ clever man ; -mikill,
a. of great intellect, clever.
vitna (a$), v. (i) to witness, attest,
with ace. (v. malit) ; (2) v. undir e-n,
to call one as a witness.
vitna-laust, adv. without witnesses.
vitneskja, f. signal, sign (goS v.).
vitni, n. (i) witness, testijnony,
bera v., to bear witness ; bera e-m gott
v., to bear ofie good witness ; (2) =
vattr, witness, of persons ; nefna v.,
to call witnesses ; (3) evidence, out-
ward mark or sign (var J)ar orpinn
sd haugr til vitnis).
vitnir (gen. -is),m. poet. wolf.
vitnis-burSr, m. a bearing witness ;
giving evidence^ testitnony ; -boerr,
a. able to bear witness] -fastr, a.
proved by evidence ; -fjall, n. the
mount of the covenant ; -lauss, a. un-
attested (-lausar sogur) ; -mac5r, m.
witness, = vattr ; -ork, f. the ark of
the cov€na7it.
vit-orS, n. (l) knowledge (ekki var
margra manna -orQ a bans astterni) ;
vera i. (1, me6) e-s -or6i, to be known
to one (t»at var d, margra manna -orSi) ;
(2) privity (vera i raSum ok -ordum
med e-m um verk).
vitorSs-macSr, m. a person cogni-
sant (-maSr ftess verks).
vitr (ace. vitran), a. wise (v. maSr).
vitra, f. (l) wisdom, sagacity \ (2)
knowledge (v. g63s ok illsj.
ICEL. DICT.
vitra (aS), v. to manifest, reveal (v.
monnum uorfina hluti) ; refl., vitrast,
to reveal oneself, appear in a dream
or vision (mikit er um fyrirburdi slika,
er hann sjdlfr vitrast okkr).
vitran, f. {\) revelation \ {7) vision^
appearance in a dream.
vitringr (-s, -ar), m. wise man^
sage (var {>orgnyr inn mesti v.).
vitr-leikr, m. wisdom, sagacity.
vitrleiks-ma5r, m. = vitringr.
vitr-liga, adv. wisely, with wisdom ;
-ligr, a. wise, judicious, sensible (-lig
stjorn, rdSagord); -mdll, a. wise in
speech (hon er vaen ok -mal).
vits-munir, m. pi. sense, sagacity ;
koma i. -muni vi3 e-n, to outwit one.
vit-stola, a. indecl., -stolinn, pp.
out of one s mind, insane.
vitt, n. sorcery y charms.
vitta (-tta), v. poet, to bewitch^
charm (vitti hon ganda).
vitta-fullr, 2L.full of charms.
vittugr, a. skilled in witchcraft.
vitugr, a. sensible, clever.
vitund, f. = vitand.
vit-vandr, a. requiring cleverness,
vizka, f. wisdom, sagacity.
vizkr, a. clever, sensible (vel v.).
vizku-bragS, n. wise contrivance ;
-liga, adv. wisely, -ligr, a. wise,
-matSr, m. wise inan ; -munr, m.
difference in wit; -samligr, a. wise ;
-tr6, n. the tree of knowledge.
vitJa (-ara, -ast), adv. (i) widely, far
and wide, in many places (voru J)eir
J)vi agaetari ok vidfrsegri sem J)eir foru
viSara) ; viSast um veroldina {in the
wide world) fannst eigi si. ma6r ; (2)
largely J extensi^'ely (hann 16 v. fra).
vi5a (-dda, -ddr), v. to widefi (braut
isinn ok viddi vokina).
viSatta. f. wideness, ofenness, of a
district (fari6 nu i. viSattu jarSar).
vidd, f. width, wideness, extension.
vi^erni, n. exte7isio7i, extent.
vit5-faSmr, a. extensive, far-reach-'
i7ig ; -fleygr, a. wide-flying ; -fraBgja
(-8a, -c5r), V. to make widely known ;
-fraegr, a. far-renow?ied, famous ;
-forli, f. extensive travelling ; -forull,
a. far -travel ling.
vit5i-haell, m. a peg of willow.
Kk
VIDIR
[498]
VIGSLU-HOND
vi^ir (gen. -is), m. willow (sja dalr
er mjok vicJi vaxinn).
vi?5ka (at5), v. to widen.
vi5-leikr, m. widths extent ; -lenda
(-nda), V. to extend, enlarge a terri-
tory ; -lendi, n. broad lands, wideness
of lands ^ extetit ; -lendr, a. having
extensive lands, of a king.
vitSr, a. wide, large^ extensive (vi3ir
skogar) ; d vi6a vega, widely abroad,
broadcast ; vids vegar, ijt all direc-
tions (flyja, dieifast vids vegar) ; vids
fjarri,/ar away.
vicS-i 3338, a. far-roamingj of deer ;
-synn, a. wzM wide prospect {i. haug-
um nokkurum, par sem -synt varj,
vif, n. poet, wo/nan, wife.
vifandi, pr. p., in the phrase, koma
at v., to arrive as by chance,
vifinn, a. given to women.
vifl, f. cudgel, bat, used in washing.
vig, n. {\) fight y battle \ eiga v. nioti
e-m, to fight against ; eiga v. saman,
to have a fight together; verja e-t
vigi, to defend by fighting ; (2) homi-
cide, man-slaughter (vega v.).
viga-far, n. battle, slaughter (ufriSr
ok -far) ; -ferSi, n., fert5ir, f. pl.,'-ferli,
n. pi. man-slayings (man {)etta upphaf
-ferla {)inna) ; -guS, n. god of battle ;
-hugr, m. = vighugr ; -ma^r, m. a
fighting man ; -madr mikill, a great
manslayer.
vig-ass, m. war-beam, for defence
(J)eir hofSu -asa i dyrum) ; -djarfr,
a. daring in fight, stout-hearted',
-drott, f. warriors ; -fi.mi, f. skill in
arms ; -firar, a. skilled in feats of
arms ; -flaki, m. mantlet of boards ;
-fleki, m. (i) = -flaki ; (2) = -gyr3-
ill ; -frekr, a. eager for fight ;
-frcekn, a. martial, gallant ; -foerr,
a. able to fight; -gyrSill, m. a shelter
used on ships du?-i?ig battle ; -gyrtSla
(atS), V. to protect, fortify with ^vig-
gyrSlar ' ; -hestr, m. war-horse ;
-hugr, m. warlike {murderous) mood.
vigi (gen. pi. vigja), n. (i) vantage-
ground, stronghold (klettrinn var vi3r
ofan ok v. gott) ; (2) the bulwarks or
gunwale of a ship.
vigis-munr, m. difi^erence in van^
tage-gr ound {\>2ir var sva mikill -munr,
at I)ar mundi ekki vinna bergit).
vigja (-c5a, -^r), v. (i) to hallow,
consecrate, in a heathen sense (tok upp
hamarinn Mjolni ok vigSi hafrstokur-
nar) ; (2) in a Christian sense, /<? con-
secrate, ordain (vigja biskup, prest,
djakn ; vigja e-n til biskups, prests,
konungs).
vig-koeni, f. = -fimi ; -kcenn, a. =
-fimr ; -kcenska, f. = -koeni ; -leysi, n.
defencelessness ; -litS, n. warriors ;
-ligr, a. martial, doughty; -ligr k
velli at sjd, of ?fiartial appearance ;
-Ijosa, a. havitig daylight for fighting
(J)a var {jo sva kveldat, at eigi var
-Ijost) ; -mat5r, m. warrior ; -mann-
liga, adv. martially ; -mannligr, a.
martial ; -malugr, a. given to talk of
battle ; -m6(5r, a. weary in battle ;
-nest, n. poet, armour (?) ; -nesta bol,
sword or spear.
vigr, a. (i) in fighting condition,
able to fight (hafa me5 oss alia viga
menn) ; v. vel, well skilled in arms;
(2) Jjeir drdpu karla ^k, er vigt var at,
they smote the men that might be slain,
vig-rei(5r, a. in warlike mood;
-risinn, a. gallant in war ; -risni, f.
prowess in arms ; -roS, n., rotSi, m.
glozv of war (verpr -ro3a um vikinga).
vigsakar-acSili, m. prosecutor in a
suit for manslaughter ; -boetr, f. pl.=
vigsboetr.
vigs-bcBtr, f. pi compensation for
manslaughter; -gengi, n. backing one
in battle (veita e-m -gengi) ; -gjold,
n. pi. = -boetr.
vig-skar^a (at5), v. to furnish with
7-amparts, fortify ; -skar, a. exposed
to war (-skatt riki) ; -skerSr, pp.
furnished with * vigskorS ' ; -skortJ,
n. pi. battle7nents, raviparts.
vigsla, f. consecration, ordination
(taka vigslu af biskupi).
vig-sloSi, m. the section of law
treating of battle and manslaughter.
vigslu-dagr, -eiSr, m. day, oath of
consecration ; -faSir, m. ordaining
father (of a bishop) ; -gull, n. corona-
tion ring; -g0r<S, f. performance of
ordination ; -hrutr, m. sacrificial
ram ; -h6nd, f. ordaining hand;
VfaSLU-KAUP
[499]
vfN-DBYKKR
leggja -hendr yfir e-n, to lay hands on^
of a bishop ; -kaup, n. coronatio?i-
fee\ -klsBSi, n. pi. consecration robes ;
-maSr, m. 07ie in holy orders ; -skrut5,
n. coronation robes ; -svert5, n. coro-
nation sword ; -vatn, f. holy water,
vigs-mal, n. a suit for manshuighter.
vig-spdr, a. boding of war\ -spjoll,
n. pi. tidings of war.
vigs-viti, n. punishment for man-
slaughter.
vig-sok, f. suit of manslaughter'^
-tol, n. pi. murderous tools ; -tonn, f.
canine toothy tusk ; -v61, f. war-t7'ick,
war-engine ; -vollr, m. battle-field ;
-voir, m. • battle-stick ', weapon ;
-{)riina, f. din of battle ; -j)rot, n. end
of the battle \ -assa, v. to furnish with
vigasar ; -or, f. a kind of dart.
vik (gen. vikr, pi. vikr), f. inlet,
small bay ; roa v. k e-n, to row ofie
round, get the better of one.
viking, i.freebooting voyage, piracy
(hann var i v. a sumrum ok fekk ser
tjar) ; liggja f vikingu ok hernaSi, to
be engaged in afreeoootitig expedition
and warfare ; fara i v., to go out on a
freebooting expedition.
vikinga-bcBli, n. haunt of sea-roi-ers
{vikings) ; -hofSingi, m. chief of vi-
kings ; -\vS, n. cojnpany of vikings ;
-skeitS, f., -skip, n. vikings ship.
vikingligr, a. like a viking.
vikingr (-s, -ar), m. {\) freebooter,
sea-rover, pirate, viking {f^XoVx Vilger-
fiarson het ma5r, hann var v. mikill) ;
(2)'in later times, robber, highwayman.
vikings-etni, n. one likely to become
a great viking.
vikingskapr (gen. -ar), m. piracy.
vikja (vik ; veik, vikum ; vikinn),
V. (l) to move, tu?'ti, with dat. (sveinn-
inn mdtti hvergi v. hofdinu) ; hann
veik ser hja dyrunum, he passed by
the door ; v. e-m ar" hendi, to tur?i one
o^, dismiss ; v. e-u af ser, to decline
(A. veik t>vi af ser); v. e-u til ra3a
(atkvceSa) e-s, to Jiafid it over to one's
decision ; v. tali, roeQu, mali til e-s,
to turn one's speech to one, address
oneself to one ; v. til e-s, to mention,
refer to (hefr ^hann sva kvasdit, at
hann vikr til Olafs konungs) ; v, til
vi3 e-n, to broach it to one', v. d e-t,
to hint at (t>. vikr k ndkkut f f^orgeirs-
drapu k mis]Dokka peira) ; v. a vid
e-n = v. til vi5 e-n ; vikja svd boekr
til, at, the books indicate that', (2)
to move, go (J)eir vikja l^egar eptir
t)essum monnum) ; v. aptr, to returtt
(l^eir viku aptr ok leita Jjeira) ; hann
veik heim, he returned home ; v. til
nordrsettar, to trend north (J^at riki
vikr til norSrasttar) ; v. inn til hafnar,
to veer round and seek harbour (onnxix
skipin viku inn til hafna af leiSinni) ;
V. eptir e-m, to follozv one's exaniple ;
v. eptir e-u, to yield to (v. eptir freist-
ingu fjandans) ; (3) impers. to turn^
trend; landinu vikr til landnorSrs,
the land tretids to north-east ; swk
veik vi6r veginum, at J)ar var hraun-
gata mikil, the road was of this nature',
nu veik sva vi6, at liSit for yfir a eina
mikla, now it ca?ne to pass; nii vikr
sogunni vestr til BreiSafjarQardala,
now the sto?y ticrns west to B. ; en
t)ar veik annan veg af, it tu7ned out
quite another way ; (4) refl., vikjast,
to turn oneself', v. aptr, to return',
lion sat ok veikst eigi, she sat and
stirred not ; v. eptir e-u, to turn after,
imitate ; v. undan e-u, to evade, decli7ie;
V. undan vi6 e-n, to refuse one ; v.
undir hlydni vi6 e-n, to do homage
to ; v. vi3 e-t, to respojtdto (kva6 hann
vel hafa vikizt vi5 sina naudsyn).
vikjanligr, a. yielding, pliant.
vikva,v. = vikja (v. skapi sinu til e-s).
Vik-verjar, m. pi. the me fi from the
district ' Vik ' in Norivay ; -verskr,
a. from the ' Vik ', of persons.
vil, n. misery, wretchedfiess (v. ok
erfiSi); -mogr, m. wretch, bondsman ;
-sit5r, m., -sinni, n. inisery, distress ;
-sinnis spd, evil prophecy ; -stigr, m.
path of misery, woeful path.
vin, n. wine; -belgr, m. wine-bag \
-her, n. grape ; -berill (pi. -berlarj,
m. wine-vessel.
vinberja-kongull, m. bimch of
grapes.
vin-byrli, m. cup-bearer', -dropi,
m. drop of wine; -drukkinn, pp.
drunken with wine ; -drykkja, f.
wine-drinking 'y -drykkr, m. drink of
VIN-FAT
[500]
viss
wine', -fat, n. wine-vat \ -fdtt, a. n.
short of wine, scarcity of wine;
-ferill, m. wine-vat; -gar^r, m.
vineyard.
vingarSs-fdgari, m. vine-dresser.
vin-gu(5, m. the wine-god, Bacchus ;
-bus, n. wine-house ; -hofugr, a.
heavy with wine (skalir vinhofgar) ;
-kaggr, m. wine-Jar ; -ker, n. wine-
beaker; -kjallari, m. wine-cellar.
Vin-land, n. Wineland, part of
North America (Vinland it goda).
Vinlands-ferS, -for, f. expedition
to Wineland.
vin-laukr, m. a kind of grass or
herb ; -lauss, a. wineless ; -leysi, n.
lack of wine ; -oSr, a. wine-mad^
drunk ; -orar, m. pi. wine-ravings ;
-pottr, m. wine-pot; -tr6, n. 'i)i7ie,
vine-pla7it ; -tunna, f. wine-cask ;
-vit5i, n., -vitSr, m. vine, = -tr^ ;
-l)r6ng, f. wine-press.
vira-virki, n. ' wire-work ', filigree.
virr, m. wire, thread of metal.
visa (at$, rarely -ta, -t), v. to show,
point out, indicate ; v. e-m lei3, to
show 07ie the way ; v. augum i. e-n,
to direct, fix the eyes on one ; v. hundi
at manni, to set a hound o?i a person ;
V. e-m til saetis, to show one whej-e to
sit ; V. e-m til landskostar, to direct
one to the best of the land; jDeir visu6u
honum til Kols, they showed hiin the
way to Kol, told hii?i where he was to
be found; v. e-m til vegar, to show
one the road; v. e-m fra, to send 07te
away, reject an application ; v. a e-t,
to point at, i7idicate (fleiri eru t)au
tiSindi, er kvasSit visar a) ; v. sva til,
at, to indicate (visa ok sva til enskar
boekr, at) ; impers., visar sva til i
sogu Bjarnar, it is indicated, referred
to, in the story of B. ; with infin., v
e-m at gera e-t, to tell, pro77ipt one to
do a thing.
visa, f. verse, strophe, stanza (harm
orti kvas5i ok eru t)essar visur i).
visa-eyrir, m. fixed, regular inco77ie.
visan, f. direction, instructio7i (mi
skulu peir fara eptir minni v.).
visa-van, f. a thing sure to happen.
vis-bending, f. signal; gera e-m
-bending, to give one a signal ; -doror.
m. (i) knowledge, intelligence ; bera
fullan (sannan) -dom d e-t, to know
for certain ; (2) wisdotn^ wise talk^
opp. to ' heimska'.
visdoms-fullr, a. full of wisdom^
wise; -kona, f. wise wo77ian, sibyl;
-ma'Sr, m. (i) sage; (2) soothsayer^
prophet ; -meistari, m. 7nagician.
visendi, n. pi. = visindi.
vis-eyrir, m. a king^s regular re*
ve7iue ; cf. * visa-eyrir '.
visi, m. poet, leader, chief.
visinda-bok, f. learned book ; -kona,
f. wise wo7)ian, sibyl; -matSr, m.
soothsayer ; -svor, n. pi. answers oj
infor77iation ; -tr§, n. the tree of know-
ledge; -vegr, m. the way of know-
ledge or truth.
visindi, n. pi. (i) knowledge, intelli'
gence ; taka v. af e-u, to draw infor-
7natio7i fro/n a thing ; sva er sagt 1
fornum visindum, at, in old lore {in
old songs) it is said that ; hann (viz.
Mimir) er fuUr af visindum, he is full
ofwisdojn {k7iozv ledge) ; vita e-t meS
visindum at segja, to know for certain;
(2) revelatio7i (ur6u morg v. synd
monnum i draumum) ; (3) 7nagic art
(fara me6 visindum ok sp^dom).
visir, m. (i) leader, king, =visi ; (2)
sprout (syndist mer visirinn vaxa).
vis-leikr, m. k7iowledge, wisdom ;
-liga, adv. {i) for certai7i (vita -liga);
(2) wisely; -ligr, a. certain, sure, safe
({jykkir mer visligra at fara aptr i riki
mitt).
viss, a, (l) certain (l)6tti honum ser
t)a visari dau6i en lif); l)6tt ek vita
visan bana minn, though 1 know 7}iy
death is sure ; ver3a e-s v., to ascer-
tain, beco7)ie aware of (ek mun J)essa
bratt V. verSa af konungi) ; impers.,
J)essa mun aldri vist ver6a, this will
never be k7iow7i ; verSa e-s v. um e-t,
af e-u, to get so77ie info7'7nation of, as
to; viss vitandi, knowi7igly, i7itention-
ally ; (2) wise (I. var inn visasti maSr
i ollu) ; (3) known (nu lidu svi. sex
vetr, at {)etta var6 eigi vist) ; (4) neut
as adv., vita e-t vist, to know fot
certain ; J)at vil ek vist, st^rely I will\
vist eigi, certainly not, by no means ;
at visu, certainly, surely (hann hefii
VISU-HELMINGB
[501]
V^N-IiEIKR
pat at visu i huof ser) ; til viss, /or
certain (sjd, vita kenna e-t til vi'ss) ;
fyrir vi'st = til viss.
visu-helmingr, m. half a strophe ;
-lengd, f . Icufj^th of a strophe ; -or5,
n. a line of a strophe,
vis-vitatSr, pp. known for certain.
vita ('tta, -ttr), v. to fine^ sconce
(vittr ertu nu skald, er {)u kemr eigi
undir bor3^.
vita-vert5r, a. worthy of punish-
7nent or fine.
viti, n. {\) ptmishment \ skapa e-m
V. fyrir e-t, to punish one for a thing ;
fa, taka v., to suffer punishment (J'or-
gils segir, at hun skal v. fyrir taka) ;
Idta ser annars v. at varnaSi, to be
warned by another's woe\ {2) fine,
7nulct, = {e\'iti (gjalda v.); {^) sconce,
= borSviti ; en er kom at jolum, voru
V. upp s6g3, but when Yule came the
sconces were declared.
vitis-horn, n. sconce-horn or cup ;
-lausB, a. without punishment, blame-
less ; -ley si, n. impunity.
vitt, adv./tzr, = viQa.
vixl, n., only in the phrase, i. vixl ;
(i) passing by one another in opposite
directions (bryggjur svd breiSar, at
aka m^tti vognum i. v.) ; (2) across ;
standa d v. fotunum, to stand cross-
legged.
vixlingr, m. changeling ,=^ ^\y^\!\r\gx .
vixtr or vixltr, pp. changed, of a
changeling (at hann myndi v. vera).
voga (atS), V. to dare, venture.
voldugr, 2i. powerful, = voldugr.
V£e$a (-dda, -ddr), v. to clothe.
vaBgc5 (pi. -ir), f. mercy, forbearance
(eiga0ngrar vaegSar van).
V8BgtSar-laTiss, a. ?nerciless, exact-
ing ; -laust, adv. without mercy.
vaegl, n. weight, mo7nent ; vera litils
vasgis, to be ofsfnall moment.
vaegi-liga, adv. forbearingly, leni-
ently ; -ligr, a. forbearing, lenient
(-ligr domrj.
vaeginn, a. lenient, yielding.
VEBgja (-t$a, -t), V. {\) to give way
to, with dat. ; v. gongunni, to yield
the road, when two meet one another;
(2) absol., to give way, yield (jafnan
vsegir hinn vitrari) ; v. fyrir e-m, to
give way to otte (h6n kvaflst aldri v.
skyldu fyrir HallgerSi) ; v. eptir e-m,
V. vi5 e-n, to yield to 07ie ; (3) to
temper, with dat. (v. reiSi sinni) ; v.
domum, to tetnper judgement ; v. orfia
atkva^flum, to forbear fro77i words:
(4) to spare, with dat. (f>orkell ba6
jarl V. bondum) ; (5) refl., vasgjast, to
yield, give way^ (betra er at v. til gods
en baegjast til ills) ; v. til vi3 e-n, to
give way to one.
vffigja (-c$i, -t), V. impers. to emit
77iatter (vagr>, suppurate (hendr bans
haf6i Vcegt ok foetr).
vaeg-leitSinn, a. = vasginn (vi6 e-n).
vaegr, a. nicely balanced, of scales
(vcegar skalir).
vasl, n., vaelan, f. wailing.
V8Bla (a$), V. to wail.
vasna (-da, -dr), v. (i) to give 07te
hope of, v. e-m e-s or e-u (v. e-m
miskunnar ok eilifrar dyr6ar) ; (2) to
ween, thi7ik (i kveld vasni ek, at ek
heiti Ufeigr) ; impers., e-n vaenir, at,
07ie thinks that (vaenir mik nii, at J)eir
hafi aptr snuit) ; (3) v. e-n e-u, to
charge one with a thing (v. e-n lygi) ;
(4) refl., vasnast e-s or e-u, to hope
for (vasnist hann ok 0ngra manna
lidveizlu) ; v. e-u, to boast of.
vsBnd (pi. -ir), f. prospect, expecta-
tion (er 1 t^aer vasndir komit, at).
v8Bndis-f61k, n. wicked people;
-hoft5ingi, m. wicked, bad chief;
-kona, f. harlot; -rcat5r, m. 77iiscreant.
vseng-brotinn, pp. broke7t-winged.
vaengi, m. cati7i on boa7'd a ship.
vcengjacSr, 2.. furnished with wings.
V83ng-knui, m. the wi7ig joint.
V89ngr (-jar, -ir), m. (i) wi7?g (med
vasngjunum huldi hann landit allt) ;
(2) wi7ig of a building, esp. of a
church.
vseni, n. prospect ; Jjotti ollum mikils
ills af v., eve7y one thought that 77iuch
evil 77tight be looked for.
vaening (pi. -ar), f. imputation.
v8Bnkast (aS), v. to bid fair, look
well, take a good turn (pykkir peim v.
um sinn hag).
vaan-leikr, m. bodily beauty (J)j1 var
peim eintalat um Helgu, ok lofaSi
hann mjok -leik hennar).
V^NLEIKS-MABR
[502]
VODVI
VflBnleiks-mat5r, a. a fine man.
V8Bn-liga, adv. hopefully^ pro7nising-
ly ; -ligr, a. hopeful, promising^ fine
(mikill ma6r ok -ligr).
V83nn, a. (i) likely, to be expected
(er vasnst, at lifinar s^ minar lifs-
stLindir) ; (2) bidding fair, likely to
succeed {e'\gi mundi i annat sinn vsenna
at fara at jarli) ; h^r ferr va^nt at, /lere
it goes fairly ; (3) of persons, hopeful,
promising {B]6rn J^otti v. til hofSing-
ja) ; {i^ fair to behold, fine^ beautiful
(v^n kona ok kurteis) ; of things,
fitie (kross v. me6 likneskjum).
vsenta (-nta, -nt), v. (i) to give one
hope of, V. e-m e-u (ek va2nti t)er saett-
inni, en ek heit eigi) ; {7.) to hope for,
expect, with gen. (vasntum ver oss
g66ra viStakna) ; v. til e-s, to hope
for ; V. i e-u, to hope in, set one's hope
in (v^ntum i hans miskunn) ; (3) im-
pers., (Jjess) vsentir niik, at, / expect
{hope) //m/ (vasntir mik enn, at honum
fari vel).
vfiBnting, f. hope, expectation,
vsepna (-ta, -tr), v. to arm,
v8Br, pron. we, = ver.
vsBra, f. sjwgness, warjnth.
V89rc5, f. rest, trangtcillity (samfarar
peira voru eigi me6 vasrSum).
V8eri, n. abode, shelter (J)eir dttu
hvarki vist ne v. i Vikinni).
Vaaringja-litS, n. the body of the
Vderings ; -log, n. pi. the league, guild
of the V. ; -seta, f. the guard of the V.
Vaeringjar, m. pi. Varangians,
Northern warriors who served as body-
guard to the emperors of Constan-
tinople.
vaer-leikr, m. rest^ peace, tran-
quillity.
vaerr, a. (i) snug, comfortable, peace-
ful (samfarar {)eira voru eigi vaerar);
i vasru ranni, i?t the peaceful hall ;
honum gerSist ekki mjok vsert, he did
not feel much at ease ; (2) neut., vasrt,
fit to be or stay at a place (J)6r er ekki
vel vaert hdr ( landi) ; eigi er ykkr
saman vaert, ye can?iot live together.
v8Bru-gjarn, a. fond of rest and
warmth.
V8Bstr, pp. worn out by wet and toil
(k6mu peir vsestir til boejar ).
vflBta, f. wet, sleet, rain (v6ru vaetur
miklar baeSi nastr ok daga).
vaBta (-tta, -ttr), v. to wet, make
wet (at V. allan senn dukinn).
V8Btr, n. indecl. nought; hyggst v.
hvatr fyrir, a valiant man fears
nothings with gen., v. manna, no
man ; v. vela, no fraud.
vaatt (pi. -ir), f. (i) prop, weight ({lat
i€ allt, er at vasttum skal kaupa) ; (2)
of a definite weight, in Norway = ^
of a ' skippund '; in Iceland = 80 lbs.
(t)rj^r vasttir ullar).
vaett, n. lid of a chest or shrine,
vfletta (-tta, -tt), v. = Vcenta.
vsBtt-fangr, m., see ' vasttvangr '.
vsBtti, n. wit?tess, testimony (bera
V. ; fcera fram v. sin).
vaett.is-burtSr, m. bearing witness.
vaettki (gen. vaBttkis, vaBttugis ;
dat. vsBttugi), n. 710 whit, nothing,
nought, = ekki veetta ; hafSa ek pess v.
vifs, I got no Javotir from that lady ;
Vcettugis ver6r, worthless] varr at
\3&i\.\\g\, fearing nothing.
vsBttr (pi. -ir), f. (i) wight, being;
J)egi J)u, rog v., hold thy tongue, vile
being ; (2) esp. a supernatural being;
hjdlpi J)er hollar vaettir, 7nay the
gracious powers help thee ; heiSnar
Vcettir, heathen fiends; illar vaettir,
evil beings ; (3) ekki vastta, no whit,
nothing at all (hofQu J)eir ekki vastta
at sok) ; as adv. not at <a://(ekki vaetta
hraeddr) ; ongu vastta vildi hann eira,
he would not spare anythifig.
vsBtt-rim or vett-rim, f. ? a ridge
along the middle of a sword-blade.
vsett-vangr, m. the spot where a
battle, assault, or manslaughter has
taken place.
vaettvangs-bjargir, f. pi. the aiding
or abetting an assault on the ve7y
spot ; -biiar, m. pi. neighbours to the
scette of action, to be summoned as
' buar '.
vaBtu-drifa, f. sleet ; -lopt, n. moist
air ; -3uniar, n. wet sujnvier.
vcstSr, 2i.fordable, — oefir.
voSull (pi, voSlar), m. = vaSill.
v6t5va-sar, n., -skeina, f. fiesh'
wound, slight wotmd.
vdtSvi, m. muscle (Grettir hjo til
VOQ
[503]
VORPU-LIGR
bans i. lasrit hoegra svi at 6r tokallan
vodvann).
vog (pi. vegr), f. lever.
vogn (pi. vagnir), f. a kind of
whale ^ a dolpJiiti or grainpus.
vogn-, vognu-hvalr, m. = vogn.
vogur, f. pi. bier, hand-barrow .
vok (gen. vakar, pi. vakir and
vakar), f. a hole, opening in the ice
(hann hratt hestinum i v. eina).
vokna (acSj, v. to become wet.
vokottr, 2i.full of holes ^ of ice.
vokr (ace. -van), a. wet, moist
(J)eira likamir eru vokvir ok vatir).
voku-, gen. from ' vaka ' ; -licS, n.
watching-peopie, scouts \ -maSr, m.
watchman ; -nott, f. watchful night.
voku-, gen. from *vokva ' ; -samr, a.
moist ; -skortr, m. want of moisture.
vokva (gen. voku), f., vokvi, m.
moisture, humidity.
vokva (ac5), V. (i) to moisten, water
(v. landit, palmviSinn) ; (2) = vekja ;
V. s^r bl66, to make blood flow.
vokvi, m. moisture, fluid, =vokv3..
voldug-leikr, m. power, authority ;
as a title, ySvarr -leikr, your highness.
voldugr, a. 7nighty^ powerful (v.
ok mikiis raSandi).
voldug-skapr (-ar), m. « voldug-
leikr.
voldu-liga, adv. proudly (Mta -liga) ;
-ligr, a. powerful.
vollr (gen. vallar, dat. velli ; pi.
vellir, ace. vollu), m. {i) field, {level)
groimd (I)ar voru vi6a vellir slettir) ;
kasta ser ni6r vi6 vellinum, to cast
oneself down fiat on the ground;
leggja e-n vi3 {or at) velli, to lay one
level with the ground, kill one ; bus
mm liggja vi3 velli, my house lies on
the ground, is dejnolished', lauss d,
velli, loose itt the ranks, not steady ;
fastr i. velli, 7f;7;z, steady ; vigligr d
velli at sjd, martial to look at ; friSr,
mikill i. velli, of fijie, stout, appear-
ance ; (2) 7najiured fields meadow
(reic5a a voll).
voir (gen. valar, dat. veli; pi.
velir, ace. volu), m. routid stick,
staff', cf. ' bjalm-, rid-, vigvolr.'
v61u-lei(5i, n. sibyl's barrow.
volundr (-ar, -ar) m. master smith,
great artist (Hrafn var v. at bagleik
baedi at trd ok at jirni).
volva (gen. volu ; pi. volur), f. pro-
phetess, sibyl, wise woinan, witch
(foru pd urn landit spakonur, er kall-
aoar voru volur).
vomb (gen. vambar), f. ' wo7nb \
belly, paunch ; kyla vombina, to fill
the belly.
vomm (gen. vammar), f. disgrace.
vondla (a5), v. to make up into a
bundle (v. e-t upp).
vondr (gen. vandar, dat. vendi;
pi. vendir, ace. vondu), m. (i) wand,
switch, twig (sverSit beit eigi heldr
en vendi berdi um) ; sniia vond 1 bdr
e-m, to twist a wand in one's hair,
preparatory to beheading a culprit ;
(2) stripe, in clotb (segl stafat vendi
blam ok rauSum).
vondull, m. bundle of hay (toku {)eir
vondul beys fyrir bvern best).
vor (gen. varar, pi. varar), f. (i) a
fenced-in landing-place (sigla or vor-
um) ; (2) wake ; (3) = vorr, m.
v6rc5 (pi. varoir), f. poet, woman.
vortSr (gen. varSar, dat. vertSi ; pi.
vertSir, ace. vortSu), m. (i) ward,
warder (Heimdallr er v. go6a) ; bafa
i. ser vorSu, to have watches out (t)eir
hofSu a ser vordu ; Sverrir konungr
haffii fengit njosn af, bvar verSir J)eira
voru) ; (2) guard, watch ; balda vor6,
to keep watch or guard; gangaavorS,
to mount guard ; vera d ver6i, to be
on guard ; veita e-u v6r3, to watch,
take care of.
vorn (gen. varnar, pi. varnir), f.
(i) defence (mun bans v. uppi, meSan
landit er byggt) ; til varnar, for de-
fence (J)eir hofdu engan liSskost til
varnar) ; (2) in law, defence, opp. to
' sokn ' ; bj63a til varna, to call 07i
the defendant to begin his pleadings ;
fcera v. fram fyrir mdl, to act for the
defendaftt in a suit ; (3) a point for
the defence, exception ; Asgrimi tokst
svd til, at V. var i mdli bans, that there
was affiiw in his suit.
v6rnuc5r, m. wa^-ning (bj63a vom-
u6) ; cf. ' varna6r' (2).
vorpu-ligr, a. of stout, stately ap-
pearance (inn -ligsti ma5r).
v5rr
[504j
YPIB-PERD
vorr (gen. varrar, pi. varrar, varr-
ir), f. lip ; vorr in efri,ne6ri, the upper,
lower lip ; G. beit d vorrinni, G. bit
his lip.
v6rr (gen. varrar, dat. verri ; pi.
verrir, ace. vorru), m. a pull of the
oar (er })eir hofdu fd vorru roit frd
landi) ; J)eysa vorru, to pull with
might and inain (rikuliga hygg ek J)d
vorru J)eysa).
v6ru-]ilat5i, vsx.pile of wares (vara) ;
-sekkr, m. sack {pack) of wadmal\
-smitSi, n. work in ivood or metal \
-vdtS, f. marketable cloth, comtnon
wadffial', -virSr, a. marketable.
vorzlu-matSr, m. warranter, surety.
vottr (gen. vattar, dat. vetti; pi.
vettir, ace. vottu), m. glove (hafa
vottu i hondum).
voxtr (gen. vaxtar, dat. vexti ; pi.
vextir, ace. vdxtu), m. (i) growth,
increase ; ganga (fara) i voxt, to in-
crease ; (2) increase, interest ; taka f^
til vaxta, to 7nake it productive ; (3)
size, stature (mikill, litill vexti) ; haf-
foeranda skip at vexti, a sea-going
ship in size ; (4) way of growth, shape
(likr e-m d voxt ok vidbragS) ; (5)
condition, state, the circumstance of a
case (hann sag6i honum allavoxtu,sem
i. v6ru um Jjeira eyrendi) ; svd er mal
meS vexti, at, the case sta?ids so that,
voxtuligr, a. big, of great size.
vozt (pi. vaztir), f., see ' vazlir^
ytSarr or ytSvarr, poss. pron. your ;
y6ur for, your jourtiey ; ySvart riki,
your kingdom ; tvd hesta skal hafa
hverr yS'arr, each of you shall have
two horses.
ydda (yddi), v. to show the point on
the other side (S. lagdi sverSinu i
gegnum hann,svd at ut yddi um bakit).
y^r, pron., dat. and ace. ^^X. you.
yfir, prep, with dat. and ace; I.
with dat. over^ above (hvers manns
alvsepni hekk y. rumi bans) ; sitja y.
borSum, to sit at table ; s. yfir malum
manna, to sit at^ attend to cases, as
judge ; konungry. Englandi, king over
E. ; vaka y. e-m, to wake or watch
over', II. with ace. (i) over, above
(SkaSi tok eitr-orm ok festi upp y.
hann) ; hann tok y. sik skikkjuna, he
put on the 7na?ttle ; komast y. e-t, to
come by a thitig', (2) over, across,
through (siSan foru jjeir y. NorSrd) ;
(3) fig- over, beyond', hafa voxt y. e-n,
to have growth over, be taller than ;
fram y. aQra menn, beyond, above other
men', (4) adverbial usages, sd kvittr
kom y., passed over', kveld kemr y.,
evening draws on.
yfir-afli, m. superior force ; -afligr,
a. over- strong, very strong ; -band, n.
string to fasten the mouth of a bag ;
-berligr, -berr, a. surpassing, extra'
ordinary ; -biskup, m. high priest ;
-bjoSa, v. to rule over ; -botS, n. rule,
command, authority ; -bocSari, -botSi,
m. superior, fnaster', -bot, f. {i) pen-
ance, penitence (iSran ok-bot) ; (2) pi.,
-boetr, compensation, atonement (bj65a
e-m sastt ok -boetr) ; -bragc5, n. (i)
outward look, appearance, demeanour',
me6 miklu -bragdi, of very imposing
demeanour, magnificent ; (2) show,
pretence, outer appearance (me6 sd.tt-
gjarnligu -bragdi) ; (3) surface (allt
jar6arinnar -bragd).
yfirbragtS-ligr, a. extraordinary.
yfirbrag^s-litill, -mikill, a. poor,
grand, in look or appearafice.
yfir-breizl, n., -breizla, f. coverlet;
-buga (aSj, V. to overcotne, siirpass ;
-burtSr, m. excess (-burSr um pat, er
login segja) ; -baeriliga, adv. sur*
passi7igly ; -bseriligr, a. surpassing ;
-boeta (-tta, -ttr), v. to atone for ;
-domandi, -domari, m. over-judge.
yfirdrep3kapr (gen. -ar), m. dis'
si7nulation, p7-ete7ice.
yflr-drottning, f. sovereign queen \
-engill, m. archangel', -fatSir, m.
patriarch ; -fat, n. over-gar 77ient ;
-fertJ, f . a passage over or through a
country \ visitation.
YFIRFERDAR-ILIiR
[505]
YMJA
yfirfertJar-illr, a. difficult to pass.
jrfir-foeriliffr, a. passable \ -for, f.
(1) = ytirferd (banna e-m -for) ; (2)
visitation (hafa -for um syslu sina) ;
-ganga, f. {l) passing through) (2)
transgression ; -gangr, m. ( i ) passing
through ; (2) overbearing conduct,
tyranny^ oppression.
yfirganga-matSr, m. lordly man.
yfir-gefa, v. to forsake, abandon ;
-girnd, f. excessive ainbition ; -gjarn,
-gjarnligr, a. ambitious \ -gneBfa
(-tJa, -t), v.{i) to hangover^ with dat. ;
(2) to impend, threaten \ -gySingr,
m. Pharisee.
jrfirhafnarlauss, a. without an
tipper garment (vdpnlausir ok -lausir).
yfir-hlaup, n. skipping-, -hylma
(-da, -dr), v. to hide', -hoftSingi, m.
over-captain, ruler', -hofn, f. over-
coat; -kennimaSr, m. high-priest',
-klerkr, m. over-clerk, one of the
highest clergy, -klsBtSi, n. over-
cloak ; -koma, v. to overcome ; geta
-komit e-n, ii. e-n -kominn, to manage
to overcome one', -kominn af moeSi,
exhausted', -konungr, m. supreme
king', -kussari, m. corsair-chief-,
-land, n. land on the other side ;
-Idt, n. honour, favour', hafSi S.
minnst -lat, S. ivas made least of',
-letSr, n. upper leather, of shoes ; -les-
ning, f . perusal ; -ligr, a. lying above,
celestial; -lit, n. look, personal appear-
ance (-lit hennar ok kurteisi) ; esp. in
pi., Ii'kr fe3r sinum at -litum ok skap-
lyndi ; -litr, m. = -lit ; -IsBti, n. =
-lat ; vera me6 e-m i miklu, g63u
-Iseti, to be in high favour with 07ie ;
-ma$r, m. superior, master (Olafr er
betr til -manns fallinn en minir synir) ;
-mannligr, a. chieftain-like ; -meist-
ari, m. head-master ; -port, n. lintel,
a= ofdyri ; -raSandi, m. master, com-
mander (-rddandi skipanna) ; -reitS, f.
* riding over ', visitation ; -seta, f. ( I )
task, business (ekki aetlaSa ek, at l^at
vasri min -seta at doema milli peira) ;
(2) nursing a sick person.
yfirsetu-kona, f. midwife.
yfir-sjon, f. (l) supervision, inspec-
tion ; (2) appearance, look ; -skikkja,
f. over cloak ; -skipan, f. authority ;
-skygnari, m. supervisor ; -sloppr,
m. outer gown ; -sokn, f. = -ferd ;
-sterkari, a. compar. stronger ; verda
-sterkari, to get the upper hand;
-stiginn, pp. overcome ; -atigning, f.
hyper bat on; -stigari, va. conqueror \
-stormerki, n. pi. great wonders;
-stoplan, f. transgression, infringe-
ment; -syn, f. (i) appearance, look
(friSr at -syn) ; (2) superintendence;
-synd, f. = -syn i ; Ijotr -syndar =»
1. at -syn ; -sogn, f. decision ; -songr,
m. singing, service ; -tak, n. trans-
gression ; -taka, v. = taka yfir ;
-tyrma (-da, -dr), v. to overwhelm;
-vald, n. (i) pozver, rule (Sveinn jarl
hafdi -vald 1 Noregi) ; (2) the authori-
ties (-vald stadarins) ; -varp, n. out-
ward show ; -vettugis, adv. to excess ;
-vinna, v. to vanquish, overcome ;
-vaBttis, adv. exceedingly ; -vettligr,
a. exceedingly great.
ylrinn, a. over-great, abundant^
large, = yrinn, oermn (nu eru ok
yfrin efni til, pvi at ekki skortir oss
lid) ; neut. as adv. very (yfrit mikill,
djarfr, lengi).
ygla (-da, -dr), v. to wrinkle ; hann
yglir brynn, he kfiits the brows, he
frowfis ; refl., yglast d e-n, to frown
at or upon one (konungrinn ygldist i.
sveininn) ; ygldr, y^i^. frowning,
ygli-briin, i. frowning brow.
ykkarr, possess, pron., dual, your;
ferS ykkur, your jourfiey ; hvdrngan
ykkarn Hdkonar jarls mun hann
spara, he will spare neither of you^
neither Hacon nor thee.
ylfskr, a. wolfish, treacherous,
ylgjast (tS), V. refl. to frown^ look
gloomy (tekr veSrit at y.).
ylgr (gen. ylgjar, dat. and ace.
ylgi), f. she-wolf \\iovi\ J)ar y. ein).
ylja (ac$),v. to warjn, = verma.
ylmast (d), v. to chafe, rage (er hann
fann pat, ylmdist hann i moti).
ylr (-jar, -ir), m. warmth.
yl-samligr, a. warm.
yinja (ym, umda, umit), v. to
whine, cry (svi bar hann pruSliga
sottina, at engi mafir heyrdi hann y.) ;
ymr it aldna trd, the old tree groans ;
umdu olskdlir, the ale-beakers rang.
YMNI
[506]
T^KVA
ymni, m. hymn (syngja helga ymna).
3riiir, m, humming sound, groaning
(l)d heyrSu t>au ym mikinn ok gny) ;
dra y., plashi?2g of oars.
ymta (atSj, v. to talk of, mtitter.
ymtr, m. rumour {y. leikr d e-u).
yndi, n. delight, happiness ; njota
yndis, to enjoy happiness, live in bliss ;
t)eira samfarar ur6u ekki at y., their
married life was not happy ; nema,
festa y. i. e-m staS, to feel happy in a
place ; ok hvdrki nam hann y. a Islandi
ne 1 Noregi, he found no rest in Ice-
land or in Norway.
yndi-fall, n. bereavejnent; -liga,
adv. char77iingly ; -ligr, a. pleasur-
able (me8 fagnaSi ok -ligu lift).
yndis-bot, f. increase of bliss \
-stat5r, m. place of bliss (of Eden).
ynglingr, m. young person, youth.
ynni-ligr, a., -samligr, a. lovely.
yppa (-ta, -t), v. to lift up, raise ; y.
hurdum, to open the doors ; y. bans
lofi, to extol him,
yppi-mannliga, adv. like a great
man (Jjeirletu hit -mannligasta).
yr, prep, out of, = or, ur, or.
yrkis-efni, n. pi. subject of a poem,
yrkja (yrki, orta, ortrj, v. (i) to
work, esp. to till, cultivate (y. jor6ina,
landit) ; {2) to make verses (y. kvccfii,
drdpu, lof, ni3, haQung um e-n) ;
absol., hann var kaerr konungi ok orti
vel, he was beloved by the king, and a
good poet ; (3) y. ^ e-t, to set about ;
en er t)eir fundust, ortu boendr J)egar
k til bardaga, the peasafits at once set
upon them ; Eirikr jarl orti ekki i. at
berjast vi6 Erling, Eirik 7nade no at-
tempt to fight Erling ; y. a e-n, to
work upon ; hvdrki eldr ne jarn orti a
J)d, neither fire nor iron did thetn any
har7n ; y. orda d e-n, to address one,
speak to one (hann svaradi stirt ok
stritt, J)a er menn ortu orda a hann) ;
(4) refl., yrkist d um e-t, it begins
(gerist nu svd sem doemi finnast til, at
■k ortist um mannfallit) ; recipr. to
attack one another (siSan fyiktu Jjeir
li6i sinu ok ortust d, ok borSust) ; pair
ortust a visur, they co7npeted in verse-
77iaki7ig.
yrkr, a. worki7io^ whe7t 07ie may
work = virkr (yrkir timar).
yrmlingr, m. ' wor77ili7ig\ little
snake (otul augu sem yrmlingi).
yrrat, a. n. swarming with vermin
(hdr erviday.).
yss, m. noise, bustle of a crowd (J)a
var yss mikill i skdlanum).
ystast, V. refl. to curdle (t>at rennr
saman ok ystist sem mjolk).
ytri, better ytri, a. compar., yztr,
better yztr, superl. outer, outer7nost.
yxn, m. pi. or n. pi. oxe7i, see ' uxi '.
yxna, a. inded. in heat (kyry.).
yxna-flokkr, m. a herd or drove of
oxen ; -liki, n. the shape of oxen ;
-rettr, m. oxfold.
jTsni, n. ox (y. fimm vetra gamalt).
jrxnis-fall, n. carcase of aft ox',
-hu^, f. hide of an ox; -hvarf, n.
disappearance of a7i ox.
yztr, a. superl., see ' ytri ',
;^-bogi, m. a yew-tree bow.
-y$gi, f. mind, disposition (harS-
:^6gi, grunnyQgi).
yfa (-oa, -6rj, v. to rip up (y. mal) ;
refl., yfast, to beco77ie ruffled, get a7igry
(J)6tti mer sa bjorninn, er fyrir vard, y.
mjok) ; tok at y. me6 t)eim, they began
to be on bad ter77is ; y. vi6 e-n, to pro-
voke one^ pick a quarrel with one
(Magnus son bans yfdist mjok vi6
Harald).
yfinn, a. ruffled, w7'oth, angry.
yfis-ortS, n. pi. irritating or ruffling
words, tau7its.
ygjast (S), V. to grow vicious , of a
bull (graSungrinn tok at y.).
ygr, 2l. fierce, grufi^, stern.
yja (u$i), V. to swar7n, teem.
yki (dat. pi. ykjum), n. (i) exag-
geration (telja e-t med ykjum) ; (2)
aggravation.
ykva, V. = vikva, vikja.
I^LA
[507]
f»ANigriQ
^P'la (-da, -t), V. to hoivi, yelp, o{ dogs,
wolves ; yla, f. hoivl, howling.
ylda, f. decay, rottenness, stench.
yling, f. howling.
yniis-leikr, m. fickletiess, muta-
bility ; -liga, adv. variously ; -ligr,
a. various, diverse (-ligir daufiligir
hlutir, -ligar Jjjodir).
ymiss (npiit. ymist ; pi. ^missir,
ymissar, usually contracted ymsir or
ymsir, ymsar or ymsar, neut. ymis.
^msi or yms), a. now this, noiu that
(ymist hann hugSi) ; hann gerSi ymist,
hjo e6a lagdi, he cut and thrust alter-
nately ; esp. pi. various, sundry, now
these, now those, by turns (hofdu ymsir
sigr) ; 1 ymsum stoSum, iti various
places', reka kaupferdir til ymissa
landa, to go on trading expeditions to
various countries ; einir ok ymissir,
one and another, sundry ; aliir ok J)6
ymissir, all by turn ; ymist . . . c3a,
now . . . now, sometimes . . . sometimes
(Belli var ymist i Tungu eda. at Helga-
felli).
yr (gen. ys, dat. y), m. (i) yew-
tree ; (2) bow o/yew, = ybogi.
yra (-c5a), v. to shed in small drops ;
refl., yrast, to drizzle', yrSist dogg i
reyfit, dew settled on thefieece.
yrinn (contr. from 'yfrinn'), a.
abundant, = yfrinn, oerinn.
ysa, f. haddock.
yskja (-ta, -t), v. = ceskja.
yta (ytta, ytt), v. (i) to push out,
launch (y. bdti, skipi) ; y. e-u at e-m,
i bond e-m, to push it towards one ;
{1) to -put out to sea, start on a voyage
(t)at skal yfir kunnigt gera, at ver
yttum af Noregi).
ytar, m. pi., poet, men (yta synir).
ytri, yztr, see ' ytri ', * yztr ',
l)aSan, adv. (i) thence, from there
(|). heldu J)eir su6r til Danmerkr) ; J),
af = J), (f). af falla ix t)2er, er sva
heita) ; hon var skamt J), a veizlu, she
was a little way off, at a feast ; (2)
fig., J), m^tti skilja, thence it could be
understood; skulu ver {). at vera, we
will be on that side ; \>. af veit ek,
therefroin I know ; allan helming, eda
p. af meira, a full halfafid even more ;
(3) of time, after that (J), eru toll'
naetr til f^orlaks-messu) ; J), af, {). fra,
t). i {x2i,fro7n that time (J), af var6 hann
hinn grimmasti).
patSra, adv. there, = {)ar.
t)af6r, pp., see ' ^efja '.
J)aga, f. silence, in ' endr-{)aga*,
{)agall, a. sile7:t, = Jjogull.
pagat, adv. thither, = t)angat.
J)agga (a(S), v. to silence, put to
silence (J), mann, born).
{)ag-mselskr, a. silent, discreet.
J)agna (a5), v. to become silent (kon-
ungr Jjagnar vi6) ; si6an er hann
Jjagnadi, when he left off speaking.
l)agnar-, gen. from ' l^ogn ' ; -hald,
n. keeping silent ; -stund, f. pause ;
-timi, m. time of silence.
t)ak, n. (i) bed-cover ; (2) thatch, roof
J)akka (aS), v. to thaiik (J), e-m e-t).
J)akkan, f. thanking, tha?iks.
t)akk-latligr, a. gratejul (-Mtlig tdr) ;
-latr, a. thankful, grateful ; -laeti, n.
thankfulness, gratitude ; -naemr, a. =
-Idtr ; -samliga, adv. thankfully,
gratefully ; bidja -samliga, to beg
hard', -samligr, ^L.thankjul , grateful,
pak-lauss, a. thatchless, roofless ;
-naefrar, f. pi. bark used for thatching'^
-vana, a. indecl. = -lauss.
{)air!bar-skelfir, m. paunch- shaker ^
a nickname.
{)ang, n. sea-weed, sea-wrack,
pangat, adv. thither, to that place
(hann hleypr J).) ; hingat ok '^., hither
and thither ; f). til, //// that time.
J)angat-fer5, -for, f. a journey
thither ; -koma, f. a coming thither,
arrival.
{}ang-floti, m. drift of sea-weed',
-skurtSr, m. cutting of sea-weed,
J)annig, pannug, {)anninn, adv.
= J)ann veg ; (i) that way, thither
(l)eir hofSu J), farit kaupferS) ; (2) this
wayy thus, so ({>orkell grunar, hv^rt {).
mun farit hafa).
f»ANNS
[508]
f>A
|)anns = pann es, J)ann er,
J)ar, adv. (i) there, at that place (J),
var fjolmenni mikit) ; J), er, J), sem,
there where ; l)eir J)6ttust Jjar eiga allt
traust er hap.n var, they thought that
all their hope was there where he was ;
fig. there, in that case, at that point
(lykr l)ar viSskiptum J)eira) ; \). sem,
J), er, whereas ; J)u gerir J)jk godan, J),
sem J)u ert J)j6fr ok morQingi, whereas
thou art both thief and mm^derer', mun
F. annat raS taka, J)ar sem harm hefir
drepit Njdl foSurbroSur minn, seeing
that he has killed N. ; (2) //z^r<?, thither
(var t)at akvefiit nasr konungr skyldi
{)ar koma) ; (3) with prep. = an ob-
lique case of the demonstr. pron. ; J),
af, therefrom, fj'om that, = af J)vi ; {).
at, thereat ; j). d, thereupon ; p. eptir,
^/■/^r M«/, thereafter ; J), f yrir, there-
fore ; J), i, therein ; {), i moti, /« return
({). { moti vil ek eiga halft dyrit) ; J).
meS, the?'ewith, besides ; J), or, there-
frojn, thereout of', J), til, thereto ; f)-
til er, to the place whej-e (O. gekk j).
til, er H. var) ; till, until (konungr
ri3r langa lei6 J), til er hann finnr eitt
hus) ; J), um, about that, = um I^at
(veriQeigi J), um hugsjukir) ; J), undir,
there tinderneath ; J), ut i frd, further-
more, besides ; J). vi3, thereby, by that ;
J), yfir, there above.
l)ara-bruk, n. heap of sea-weed \
-nytjar, f. pi. the use of sea-weed,
t)ar-borgarmacSr, m. inhabitant of
that town.
parfa (at$), v. impers., e-m parfar e-t,
// is necessa?y for one, one is in want
<7/"(fekk svd mikinn fjarhlut sem hon-
um J)6tti ser J).).
{)arfa-gangr, m. urine, exct-ement.
{)arfi, a. needing, in want of (J)a er
hann l)ykkist liSs ^. vera).
{)arfindi, n. pi. things needful, neces-
saries (keypti sdr mat ok onnur J).).
J)arf-lausa, f. = -leysa ; -lausligr,
a. needless ; -lauss, a. needless, use-
less (-laust eyrendi) ; at -lausu, need-
lessly ; -Idtliga, adv. meekly, humbly ;
-latr, a. htiinble ; -leysa, f. needless-
ness (lata J)at mart eptir bornum, er
-leysa er) ; -leysi, n. = -leysa.
Jjarfleysu-, in compounds, useless,
mischievous (-erendi, -forvitni, -glens,
-hugsan, -tal, -upphlaup).
J)arf-liga, adv. humbly = -Idtliga ;
-ligr, a. useful.
t)arfha (atSj, v. to be needful, neces-
sary ; refl., ])arfnast, to lack, want, be
without, with ace. (svd at vit J)arf-
nimst eigi alia goda hluti).
t)arfnan, f. need, want.
{)arfr, a. useftcl {h^ccm var J)eim J).).
{)arf-sam.liga, adv. duly, gratefully ;
-ssbII, -saBlligr, useful, profitable.
l)ari, m. sea-weed.
j)ar-koma, -kvama, f. coming there,
arrival ; -kominn, pp. arrived there ;
-lands, adv. in that land.
t)arlands-h6ft5ingi, -mat$r, m. a
chief, native, of that land.
{)ar-lendr, -lenzkr, a. native.
Jjarmr (-a, -ar), m..gut, intestine ; cf.
' endajjarmr', ' smaj)armar '.
{)arna, adv. there (menn fara J).).
J)arnast (a(5), v. refl., see ' J)arfna'.
l)ars, adv. = l)ar es, see ' J^ar '.
J)ar-vera, -vist, f. sojourn {staying)
there, at that place.
{)at, pron. (i) neut. from * sd *, that,
it ({), var einhverju sinni, at) ; (2) so
= svd (sagSist hann mundu vera J)eim
J). uj)arfr sem hann mastti) ; (3) conj.
that, = at (sagdi sonn tiSindi af fero-
um fjorgils ok J)at hann hafSi eltan
Hrafn i. fjoll upp).
{)at-ki, * that not ' ; {)atki at, when . . .
not (til hvers skal ek J)j6na honum
lengr, patki at ek fa mdla minn fals-
laust) ; fiot even that (t)atki at J)u hafir
brcekr J)inar).
J)atz = pat es, J)at er, = l)az.
{)atztu = J)at es J)u, M^/ which thou,
paular, f. pi. co nip Heated state of
things ; maela sik i J)., /^ talk oneself
into troubles.
J)aular-vdgr, m. winding creek
(roum ut or J)essum -vagi).
J)ausn, f. bustle, wild fray, tumult.
j[)au3na-lau8S, a. without tumult.
paz = J)atz, I)at es, t)at er.
J)a, adv. (i) then, at that time (var
hon J)d fjortdn vetra gomul) ; {)d er,
t)a es, wA^« (Y. var me6 f>orvaldi, t)d
er Einarr var veginn) ; J)a ok J)a, dt/
tfz/<?ry moment (letu sem jDeir mundi
f>A
[509]
f»EIB
fara norSr pi ok pi) ; (2) /Aen, there^
upon (et nassta Gunnari sat Njall, pi
SkarpheQinn, l^a Helgi, pi Grimr) ;
(3) then, i7i that case (t)ykki mer pi
vel syslat, ef p\x heyrir or3 Sviakon-
ungs) ; (4) pleonastic, beginning the
apodosis, theji (ok er Illugi bjost, pi
sat Gunnlaugr i stofu) ; en af pv\ at . . .,
pi pi hann miskunn af konunginum,
but because . . ., then he received mercy
from the king ; (5) when, = pi er (ferr
nutilArna,l)akonungrerJ)arat veizlu).
pa,, f. thawed ground (^eir reka spor
sem hundar baeSi a pi ok hjarni).
pa-fjall, n. ^ thawed fell' ', henda
hrein a -fjalli, to catch a reiftdeer on
the thawing hill-side.
J)d-leicSar, -leitSis, adv. that way,
thus, = a |Da leid.
I)ana (acSj, v. to thaw, = p\6na..
|)as, conj. when, = pi es, pi er.
i)attr (gen. Jjattar, pi. {)aBttir, ace.
pattu), m. (l) a single strand of
a rope (skar i sundr atta Jjattuna i
festinni) ; fig., J)£ettir asttar minnar,
strands of my race ; (2) section, divi-
sion, esp. a section of law (kristinna
laga p.) ; (3) short story (f>. Orms
Storolfssonar).
pefa (a$), v. to smell, sni^.
J)efaSr, pp., ilia p., ill-smelling, foul.
J)efan, f. smelling, smell.
j)ef-g6tSr, a. sweet-smelling.
J)efja (J)af$a, J)af6r), v. /^ j-Z/r,
thicken ; remains only in the pp. ;
hann hafSi pi eigi pafSan sinn grant,
he had 7iot cooked his porridge thick.
{)efja (atS), v. (l) to S7nell\ (2) /^
emit a smell (min foezla J)efjar betr
hverjum ilm).
J)efja(5r, pp. S7nelling {ve\ p).
J)efka (atS), v. to smell, = J)efja.
J)ef-lauss, a. S77iell-less, vapid.
J)efr, m. {i)s77iell', (2) /c^j-/^.
{)ega, i. prese7it, gift {dyrWg p.).
pegar, adv. (i) at once, forthwith
(hon gekk J), til hans) ; pi var hann
J), fjarri, /A<?« ^^ was already far
away, p. i unga aldri, when quite
you7ig', p. 1 sta3, at 07ice ', |». bar
merkit p. eptir honum, i77imediately
after hifn ; (2) p. er, J), es, p. sem, J),
at, as soon as; (3) = J), er [p. Skapti
vissi J)etta, gekk hann til buSar
Snorra go5a).
l)egars = Jjegar er, as soon as.
{)egat, adv. = Jjangat, J)agat.
J)egja (t)egi, t)ag$a, t)agat), v. /<? (5^
sile7it (R. pagfli vi6) ; peg\ pn !, ^^
silent /\ with gen., Jjegi J)u J)eira orSa,
>^<?<?^ silence fro77i such words, speak
not so ; p. yfir e-u, /^ keep silent about,
conceal (kva3 hana holsti lengi hafa
J)agat yfir sva godri astt).
t)egn, m. (i) thane, franklin, free-
77ia7i, 77ian ; MorSr kvaddi oss kviQar
J)egna niu, M. su77i7noned us nine
fra7ikli7is on this inquest', hann lezt
eigi vita, hverr p. hann vaeri, he said
he k7iew not what person he was ; p.
ok J)raell, free/nan and bond77ian, all
7ne7t\ ek ok minir pegmx, I a7id 77iy
77ten ; (2) a good (liberal) 77ian (svl er
sagt, at hann se ekki mikill p. vid
a6ra menn af fe sinu) ; (3) liege77ian,
subject {p€\x jatudu skattgjofum ok
gerdust konungs J)egnar).
pegn-gildi, n. the weregild for a
' t^egn ' 3.
{)egnskapar-maor, m. liberal man,
l)egn-skapr, m. (i) honour; leggja
(fela) e-t undir -skap sinn, to swear
upon one's honour, pledge one's honour
to a thing; (2) liberality, ge7ierosity
(honum eyddist fe fyrir-skapar sakir) ;
reyna -skap Flosa, to ptct Flosi's
ge7ierosity to the proof; -skylda, f.
the duty of a thane towards his liege-
lord, aUegia7ice (j^ta e-m -skyldu).
{)eima, old dat., sing, and plur., «=
J)essum, to this, to these {i p. bee, ik p.
manuSum).
J)eimon, J)einiun, all the = {)eim
mun (J), har^ara).
{)eini3 = p€\m. es, I)eim er.
J)eir (l)aBr, l)au), demonstr. pron. pi.
they, those, answering to the sing. ' si,
su, pat', and 'hann, hon, t>at ' ; (i)
the neut. pi. *J)au' as collective for
a masc. and fern. ; siSan gengu J)au
(sc. Njdll and Bergthora) inn basSi ;
(2) ' l^cir ' is frequently used before an
adv., or a prep, with its complement ;
l^eir norSr t)ar, those there i7i the
north ; t^eir fyrir austan dmar, those
east of the rivers ; (3} pleonast. before
I>EIRS
[510]
I»ESSI
the names of two or more persons ;
J)au AsgerSr ok f>orsteinn, Asgerdand
Thorstein ; born peira Hildigiuinar
ok Kara vdru peir StarkaSr ok Flosi,
the children of H. and K. were these,
S. and F. ; Jjeir feSgar, father and
son ; (4) ellipt., before the name of
a single person ; }3eir Oddr, O. and
his men ; ixi. skiptum peira f^orSar,
about the dealings of Thord and
Bjorn ; |5au Asgerdr, Asgerd and her
son {Thorstein).
peirs = t)eir es, J)eir er, those who,
{)eisti, m. black guillemot.
J)ekja(J)ek; I)akta; J)akit$r, paktr,
I)akinn), v. to thatch, cover ; skjoldum
er salr JjakiSr, the hall is thatched
with shields ; J), sundit alt meS skipum,
to lay the ships right across the sound.
pekja, f. thatch, roof.
l)ekki-liga, adv. with grace ; -ligr,
a. handsome ; eigi -ligr, ill-favoured.
{)ekkja (-ta, -tr), v. (i) to perceive,
espy, notice (ok er konungr pekkir, at
sveinninn er heill) ; J)as bani Fdfnis
borg of t)dtti (old pret. = J)ekti), whe7i
Fafnir's slayer espied the burg ; (2) to
comprehend (md,tt pii nu l)at J)., er
fyrr sagSa ek t)er) ; (3) /<? know, recog-
nize (t)6ttist hon J), barnit) ; (4) refl.,
J)ekkjast e-t, to comply with, consent
to, accept of (t>eir ^ektust J^etta bo6
gjarna) ; {). e-m, to please ; megi per
(dat.) mitt lif J)., 7nay it please thee.
{)ekkr, a. agreeable, liked \ J), e-m or
vi6 e-n (t)y6r ok p. vi6 sma menn).
pekt, f. agreeableness.
t)ekta (-kta), v. to silence, hann
J)ekti menn af orSum J)essum, he for-
bade men to utter these words.
I)el, n. the inner and fitter wool,
})61, i. file (J), er smiQar-tol).
J)61a (atS), V. to file, — sverfa.
J)ela-h6gg, n. ice-hoe ; -lauss, a. un-
frozen, thawed, of the ground (illt
yfirferQar, J)a er Jielalaust erj.
{)el-h6gg, n. = l)elahogg.
J)eli, m. frozen ground, frost in the
ground (var J)d allr J), or jor6u).
l)elli, n. pine-wood ', -safi, n. //z<? j<?;5>
of young pine-trees (peir dtu -safa) ;
"ViSi, n. pine-trees.
J)6na (a$, or -ta), v. /^ serve.
I)6nari, m. servant.
t)6nasta, f. service, = J)j6nusta.
j)engill, m. poet, prince, king.
J)enja (^en ; J)andi ; paniSr, {)andr,
t)aninn), v. to stretchy extetid ({).
skinn, hu3) ; J), vombina, to diste?td,
fill the belly.
J)erfi-ligr, a. useful, convenient.
I)ermlast (atS), v. refl. {i) to lack,
miss, want, with gen. (J)d er mafir
J)ermlast sins gripar) ; (2) /^ differ
from, with dat. (allt mdl J)at, er J)erm-
last alj)y61igu orQtaki).
perms-ligr, a. meet, fit.
l)erna, f. (i) /<?r« ; (2) maid-servant.
jjerra (-tSa, -Sr), v. (i) /^ ^'ry, make
dry ({). hey, fot) ; (2) /<? ^ry, wz]^^
(griSkona l)er6i fcetr sina d l)ufu) ;
hann J)er5i bl66it af andlitinu, he
wiped the blood ofi the face ; hon tok
skikkjuna ok fjerSi me3 blodit allt,
and wiped off all the blood with it ; {).
s^r d e-u, to wipe oneself on or
with a thing.
t)erra, f. towel, = handkl^Si.
I)erra-leysi, n. want of dry weather.
{)erri-dagr, m. dry day ; -leysa, f.
wet season.
perrileysu-sumar, n. wet summer.
{)errir (gen. -is, pi. -ar), m. (i)
drying; breiSa e-t til J)erris, to spread
it out for drying; (2) dry weather
(um haustit komu ^errar goSir).
J)erri-samr, a. good for drying, of
a season ; -sumar, n. dry sufnmer
(= J)errisamt sumar).
J)ess, gen. sing, from *sd, pat*; (l)
denoting mode, kind, manner, so,
thus, of that kind (ser J)u nii pess, er
per pykki me6 undarligu moti) ; hefi
ek nokkut p. gort, at per misliki, have
I done aught that it should mislike
thee ? (2) p. er, in so far as (hon var
allra kvenna kurteisust at ollum
hlutum, p. er hann hafdi spurt) ; p. p6,
at, yet so that (vilda ek helzt hafa
atferd ok hofSingskap Hrolfs kraka,
p. p6, at ek helda allri kristni ok tni
minni) ; (3) with a compar. the more,
so much the more, = pvi (p. meirr er
hinn drekkr, p. meirr pyrstir hann).
pe3s-hattar, gen. of that kind.
pessi (pessi, petta), demonstr. pron.
f>ESS-KONAR
[511]
f>IWG-HEYJAN-DI
this (J), kona, or kona p.) ; f I)essu, in
this 7)1 0 in 671 1.
l)e3S-konar, gen. of that ki7id ;
-liga, adv. 07i this wise ; -ligr, a. of
such appearance^ such (-ligr er varn-
ingr pinn),
J)ett-ligr, a. tight (skipin eigi -lig).
J)6ttr, a. Z/^/^/, watertight, opp. to
*lekr' (i skinnbrokum Jj^ttum).
t)eygi, conj. yet not, = J)6 eigi ; J).
Gufirun grdta matti,_y(?/ Cz. ^^///cjf «^/
7£/<?^/ ; peygi . . . J)6tt, not . . . althouo^h.
Jjeyr (gen. J)eys, pi. J)eyir), m. //^^zw.
l)eysa (-ta, -tr), v. (i) to spirt out,
gush forth (J)eysti E. upp or ser spyju
mikla) ; {2) to fnake rush on (J)a peysti
hann li6 sitt at J)eim fram) ; \>. reiQina,
to ride at a gallop ; with dat. (J), lit
uvigum her or borginni) ; absol., peir
J)eystu i[)a sem hardast at J)eim, they
rushed violently on the77i ; (3) refl.,
peysast, to dash, rush on i^i. J)eystist
eptir allr mugrinn).
l)eyta (-tta, -ttr), v. to i7iake sound',
J). Iu5r, to blow the tru77ipet.
J)ey-vitSri, n. thawing weather,
thaw, = t)eyr.
JjitS or pit, dual. ye.
J)itSinn, a. thawed, free fr077t ice.
J)iSna (aS), v. to thaw, 7iielt away
(fyrr en fsa leysti ok sjdr taki at J).).
^iSurr (gen. J)i$urs, pi. J)ic5rar), m.
wood-grouse, capercailye.
l)iggja (t)igg ; J)d, {)aguin ; peginn),
V. (\) to receive, accept of\ J), e-t af
e-m, at e-m, to receive {get) fro7n 07ie,
at one's hands ; {), e-t at gjof, to receive
as a prese7it ; J), e-n undan, to get one
relieved, set free (ef per vilit pessa
menn undan p.) ; (2) absol., /^ /<2/^^
lodgings receive hospitality for a 7iight
(l^igg; K her, Sigurdr !) ; ,(3) to accept
(pottist jar) pa vita, at OSinn mundi
pegit hafa blotit).
piklga, v. ; see 'pykkja'.
pil, n. = pili ; -far, n. deck of a ship ;
-fjol, f. deal-board.
pili, n. wai7iscot^ Panel, board-parti-
tion (peir brutu upp pilit).
pili-viSr, m. wainscot.
pilja (pil; pilda ; piliSr, pildr,
pilinn), v. to cover with deals, to
board, plank.
pilja, f. deal, pia7ik, planking, esp.
on a ship ; pi. the deck (far pu undir
piljur nidr).
ping, n. (i) asseinbly, 7neeting', esp.
for purposes of legislation, a parlia'
7nent; slita pingi, segja p. laust, to
dissolve a t7ieeti7ig\ (2) parish ; (3)
district, coimty, shire ; vera 1 pingi
go3a, to be i/t the district of such and
such a ' god'i ', to be his lie^etiian, in
his jurisdiction ; (4) interview, of
lovers ; vera i pingum vi6 konu, to
have a love intrigue with a wo77ian
(pat var talat, at l^orbjorn vseri {
pingum vi6 {>6rdisi) ; (5) in pi. things,
articles, valuables (si6an t6k hon ping
sin, en f>orsteinn tok hornin).
pinga (a$), v. (i) to hold a meeting
(konungar toku par veizlur ok pingudu
vid boendr) ; (2) to consult, discuss
(ekki veit ek, hvat peir pinga) ; peir
pinguSu um, hvat at skyldi g0ra, they
discussed what was to be done.
pinga-menn, m. pi. the housecarles
or bodyguard of King Canute and his
successors in England.
pingan, f. debate, holding counsel.
pinga-prestr, m. vicar of a parish,
pingat, adv. thither, = pangat.
ping-boS, n. ' asse7nbly-s7i77t77ions ',
in the shape of a stick, cross, or axe ;
-borinn, -pp. presented at an asse77ibly\
-brekka, f. bank or slope at an asse7>i-
bly-place ; -deila, -deild, f. a quarrel
at a public 77ieeting.
pingfarar-kaup, n. a fee for travel-
li7ig to the parlia77ie7it.
ping-fastr, a. belongi7ig to a certain
county (ping) ; -fert5, f. journey to the
' ping ' ; -festi, f. do7?iicile in a '^va'g-
co7)ivnc7iity ; -foerr, a. able to go to a
public asse7nbly ; eiga -foert = eiga
-gengt ; -for, i. = -ferd ; -gengt, a. n.,
in the phrase, eiga -gengt, to have
free adinission to the ' ping ' ; -hd (pi.
-bar), f. a \i\r\%-district or co77i77iunity
(konungr for i allar -hdr ok kristnaSi
par allan lyS) ; -beimr, m. the asse7nbly
at a 'ping'; -helgr, f. (i) the coti-
secrated preci7icts or bou7idary of a
public asse77ibly ; (2) the cere77iony of
hallowing an asseinbly ; -heyjandi,
m. a '' \ivcig-perfortner\ any person
f»ING-HtJS
[512]
I'J6B-LEID
who visits a *\>m^\ on a summons to
perform any public duty ; -hus, n. a
house in which a meeting is held^ esp.
a Jewish synagogue ; -kostr, m. =
-veizla ; -lag, n. the public standard
of value, as fixed at a * t^ing' ; -laus-
nir, f. pi. the dissolution of a parlia-
ment (skal hann eigi fara af J)ingi
fyrir -lausnir) ; -logi, m. one who
breaks his engagement to attend a
meeting \ -lok, n. the conclusion (e/id)
of a * l)ing' ; -ma5r, m. (i) a person
present at an assembly ^ a member of
parliament ; (2) a liegeman belonging
to this or that ^\ng-community (peir
voru -menn {>orgeirs go6a)
J)ingrQanna-lei5, f. the way taken
in riding to the ' J)ing ' ; -litS, n. the
king's housecarles in England.
ping-mark, n. (i) the boundary or
precincts of a public assembly ; (2) dis-
trict ^ jurisdiction (ef maSr tekr hju or
oQru -marki) ; -mot, n. a public meet"
ing\ -neat, n. provisions on a journey
to the ' l)ing ' ; -reit5, f. a riding to
attend parliament \ -reitt, a. n., in the
phrase, eiga -reitt = eiga -foert ; -rikr,
a. influential in the parliatnent ; -rof,
n. dissolution of a public meeting.
J)ings-afgl6pun, f. contejjipt of the
*J)ing* ; -botS, n. = J)ingbod.
I)ingskapa-bdlkr, -pattr, m. the
section of law relating to ' J)ingskop '.
J)ing-sk6p, n. pi. the rules or regula-
tions of a parliament \ -sokn, f. ■■
-hd ; -statSr, m. a place where a
parliament is held\ -Btefna, f. a
summons to a *l)ing'; -stotS, f . ■=
-stafir ; -tak, n. the passing of a law
by a public meeting.
l)!ngu-nautr, m. (i) a member of a
cojnmuniiy or ' J)ing * ; (2) parishioner.
J)ing-veizla, f. enter taimnent at an
assembly ; -vika, f. the week during
which the parliament sits; -vist, f.
B= -festi ; -viti,n. a fine for not appear-
ing when swnjnoned ; -vaart, a. n., in
the phrase, eiga -vasrt, to be allowed
to be present at a ' t^ing ', of an out-
law; -vollr, m. *" parliament-field* , a
place where the ' Jjing' sat.
J)inig, {)innig, adv. poet, hither^ ■»
penna veg.
I)inii (l)in, J)itt), possess, pron. thy^
thine ; J), heljar-karl, thou hell-carle! ;
hundrinn J)., thou dog!
pinnig, adv. ; see ' l^inig
I)inull, m. the edge-rope of a net.
I)inurr, m. (i) a kind of resinous
fir-tree ; (2) fig. bow.
I)istill, m. thistle (J)istlar ok illgresi).
J)it or l)iS, dual, j<? two^ = it, id.
I)icSa (^idda, l)iddr), v. to melt, thaw
(sifian voru eldar gorvir ok t)idd
klaeSi manna).
I)it5na (atS), v. ; see * piSna'.
J)i(Sr, a. not ice-bound, thawed (isum
J)akt e6a J)itt) ; meSan din er J)i3,
whilst the river is open.
l)insligr, a. like thee.
{)isl, f. poet, cart-pole.
fyjakaSr, pp. exhausted, worn (J), af
kuida, gongu ok ervifii).
J)jarfr, a. (i) uftleavened, of bread;
{2) fresh, of water; (3) insipid, fiat.
pjarka, f. quarrel (g0ra J)j6rku).
{)jarma (at5), v. to handle roughly
(^. at e-m).
I)ja (J)ja, {ydtSa, J)jd?^r), v. to con-
strain, enthral, enslave ; hann var
J)ja6r til vinnu, he was forced to work
as a bondsman.
{)jdkatSr, pp. s= pjakaSr.
Jvjalmi, m. snare, trap, toil.
Jyjdn, f. bondage^ servitude^ op^
pression (Jjjan ok prasldomr).
I)jdning, f. ajfliction, distress.
J)jokk-liga, dAv. frequently, often,
{)jokkr, a. thick, dense, — pykkr.
{yjo, n. the thickest part of the thigh.
{yjotS (pi. -ir), f. people, nation (allar
J)j66ir ok tungur) ; J), eru J)rir tigir,
thirty make a * J)j63 ' ; J), veit, ef prir
'ro, what three know, all the world
(soon) knows.
J)j6t5ann, m. poet, prince, ruler.
l)j6S-d, f. great river, chief river \
-braut, f. high road; -drengr, m.
good 7nan, brave fellow ; -gata, f.
= -braut ; -gotSr, a. very good, excel-
lent; -hagr, a. masterly in skill or
craft; -hliS, n. public {?nain) gate)
-konungr, m. great king, sovereign ;
-kunnr, a. vety famous ; -land, n.
great coimtry ; -leitS, f. high road,
esp. on the sea (sigldu J)eir -leiS til
f»j6D-LEIBR
[513]
l»OKKA
LiSandisness) ; -leiSr, a. much hated,
execrated ; -ly^i, f . great lie, slander,
cahwiny ; -16c5, f. hearty welcome ;
-menni, n. brave man ; -maarr, a.
glorious ; -nytr, a. very excellent ;
-rdt5, n. excellent pla7i (J)etta {)ykkir
mdr -rdS) ; -skald, n. great poet \
-smitSr, m. 7naster-craftsman, great
artist ; -stefna, f. a meetifig of the
whole people, public meeting ; -sterkr,
a. very strong ; -syniliga, adv. /« the
sight' of all people, openly, -syniligr,
a. open, clear, vehement; -vegr, m.
high road, = -braut ; -vel, very well,
excellently ; -vitnir, m. poet, the great
wolf.
fijofa (a5), V. to call one a thief.
I)j6f-laun, f. thievish concealment of
a th ng\ -ligr, a. thievish.
{)j6fnatSr (gen. -ar), m. theft.
J)j6fr (-8, -ar), m. thief
j)j6fs-augu, n. pi, thief s eyes.
{)j6f-skapr, m. theft', -snara, f.
thief s halter (hanga i -snoru).
J)j6fs-nafn, n. the name of a thief \
-nautr, m. a partaker with thieves
(ilia er J)a, ef ek em -nautr).
I)j6f-s6k, f. a charge or accusation of
theft ; -stolinn, pp. stolen.
J)j6-hnappr, m. buttock ; -leggr, m.
the thigh bone.
{)j6na (acSj, v. (i) to serve (settist
hann heima ok J)j6na6i ekki konungi) ;
p. til e-s, to serve, pay homage to
(kvadst hann skyldr at J), til konungs) ;
to deserve (launa J)eim sem J)eir hafa
til J)j6nat) ; {). undir e-n, to serve
under o?te ; (2) to attend on as a ser-
vant, wait on (hon JjjonaSi honum
eigi verr enn bonda sinum).
pjonan, f. service, attenda7ice.
jyonasta, f. = J)j6nosta, t)j6nusta.
t)j6nka (atS), v. to serve, = J)j6na.
pjonkan, f. service, = pjonan.
J)j6nn (-S, -ar), m. servant, attendant.
^jonosta, ^jjonusta, f. (i) service
(vera i e-s {)j6nostu) ; (2) divine ser-
vice (gu6s p. ) ; (3) the eucharist.
J)j6no8ta (ao), v. to serve, esp. to
administer the sacrament to one.
J)j6no8tu-bundmn, pp. bound in
serin ce or allegiance ; -embeBtti, n.
divine service ; -folk, n. servant-folk ;
ICKL. DICT.
-f ullr, a. serviceable, ready to serve ;
-gjold, n. pi. wages for service', -g0rS,
f. divine service ; -kona, f. jejnale
servant', -lauss, a. (i) without saC'
rament ; (2) without divifie service ;
-matSr, m. fnan-servant ; -mjvikr, a.
officious^ obliging', -mser, f. maid-
servant ; -samr, a. ready to serve ;
-semd, f. readiftess to se^rve ; -skyldr,
a. in duty bound', -sveinn, m. page,
male servant', -tekja, f. taking of the
sacrament ; -verk, n. performance of
service (gera -verk).
{)j6nusta, f. = J)j6nosta.
pjorr (-S, -ar), m. bull.
Jyos, f. carcase of a whale, *= fj6s.
J)j6str, m. anger, fury, vehemence,
tyost-saraliga, 2Av. furiously.
t)j6ta (I)yt ; t)aut, l)utuni ; J)otinn),
V. (i) to emit a loud or whistling
sound, of the wind, surf, waves, leaves
of trees ; 0xin paut, the axe whistled ;
i. J)aut af l)j6sti, a river roared with
fury, rei6ar-J)rumur pjota, the thu?ider
roars ; ulfar, vargar l^jota, the wolves
howl', p. 1 horn, to blow a horn or
trumpet (d6r hair hugfullr i horn um
{)aut) ; (2) to rush ; p. upp, to dart
up, start tip (J)a putu upp allir) ; (3)
t>. i., to burst on one like a storm, =
dynja i. (varSi mik trautt, at sva skjott
mundi i. Jjjota, sem nu er).
J)j6tandi, f. the name of a vein.
j)jorku-drjugr, a. quarrelsojne.
t)oka, i.fog, fnist (vaeta mikil ok p.).
J)oka (at5), v.{i) to move, with dat.
(Hrutr l)okafli nu bustafi sinum) ; (2)
to fnove oneself, move, = J)okast ; {).
at e-m, to go near to, approach ; fram
J)oki herr, let the men move forwards',
i)u skalt t. fyrir konu J)essi, thou shall
give place to this woman ; J), undan
e-m, to give way, yield to one ; l)okar
dleidis um e-t, it goes «/<?// (huskarlinn
kva6 vel |). aleiSis um heilsu manna) ;
afleifiis Jjokar um kurteisi karlanna, //
goes backwards with the manners of
men ; (3) to change, alter (eigi skal
fornum samkomu-mdlum J).) ; (4) refl.,
l)okast, to be displaced {^oV2iSi l)a nokk-
ut steina-s0rvit) ; litt pokadist i. um
mannfallit, it made little progress.
l)okka (ac$), v. (i) to think so and so
Ll
i»0KKA-B6T
[514j
f»OT
of^ like; ymsa vega Jjokka menn pat,
men think variously of it \ konungr
t)okkar ekki mitt mal, he likes it not ;
(2) J), med e-m, to side with one, take
one's part (hvarra liSsmenn pokkuSu
me6 sinum hofSingja) ; (3) refl., pokk-
ast, to be liked (hann kemr ser i tal
vi5 menn, ok pokkaSist hann vel).
J)okka-b6t, f. reparation, redress.
l)okkaSr, pp., J), e-m, af e-m, liked
by one ; ilia ^., ill-liked.
J)okka-g6t5r, a. engaging, ainiable ;
-goetSi, n. favoicr^ grace ; -kona, f.
mistress, paramour-, -mat^r, m. lover \
-mot, n. good favour, grace ; -samr,
a. well-liked, popular {-s?ivc\r af e-m) ;
-saBld, f, popularity ; -S8b11, a. in good
favour, well-beloved {-s?e\\ af alJjySu).
t)okki, m. (i) thought, opitiion; (2)
liking', leggja t)okka til e-s, a e-n, to
take a liking for (Leifr lagSi Jjokka a
konu pa, er t>6rgunna het) ; mer er
J)u vel i pokka, / like thee well; (3)
consent, good-will (hann tok riki mec3
alpySu pokka of sidir) ; (4) enmity,
discord, = pykkja.
J)okknast (atS), v. refl. to please,
be acceptable, with dat. ; Olafi pokk-
naSist vel tal peira, O. was well pleased
with their talk,
J)okkuligr, a. agreeable.
J)oku-fullr, "3-. foggy, tnisty ; -lauss,
2i. free from fog, clear; -myrkr, n.
mui'ky fog ; -myrkvi, m. = -myrkr ;
-samr, a. foggy ; -vetSr, n. foggy
weather.
pel, n. patience, endurance (hann ba5
Sturlu hafa J). vi3 ok bi6a) ; pat er
einskis manns p., no ma?i can bear
that ; cf. ' upol '.
pola (polda, polt or polat), v. (i) to
bear, endure, suffer (p. hogg, mann-
raun, dauSa) ; reyna, hvdrt hann pyldi
jarn e6a eigi, to try whether he could
bear iron or not; p. hart, to suffer
hardship; hversu poldi S. 1 brennunni,
how did S. bear the burnitig? ; (2) p.
e-m e-t, to bear it at one^s ha?id (kann
vera, at pa se nokkurir svi. roskvir, at
ei poli jarli allan osoma) ; p. eigi log,
?tot to bear the law ; eigi skal pat, ok
skal p. Snorra log, 6". shall have the
benefit of the law ; (3) to feel at rest,
be still or quiet; pa oeSist dyrit sv^ at
pat polir hvergi, so that it has no rest;
fylgdi svd mikill verkr, at hann matti
hvergi kyrr pola, so great pain that he
could 7iowhere remain quiet.
polanligr. a. tolerable, to be tolerated.
polin-mo^liga, adv. with patience,
-moSr, a. patient ; -m.oe5i, f. patience,
long-sifferijig.
polinn, a. lastins^, durable; enduring
(prekinn ok p. \'\h vis ok erviSi).
pol-leysi, n. lack of endurance ;
-ligr, a. tolerable, = polanligr.
pollr, va. fir-tree, tree in general.
pol-raun, f. trial of one's patience,
popta, f. rowing bench, thwart.
popti, m. benchfelloiu.
pora (por$a, porat), v. to dare, have
the courage to do a thijig (por6i hann
p6 ekki at synja peim gistingar),
poran, f. daring, courage.
poran-raun, f. tried of courage,
pori, m. the greater part, ?nain part
(allr p. Ii6sins ; mestr p. manna).
porn (-3, -ar), m. (i) thor?i (pornar
ok pistlar) ; (2) spike, esp. the tongue
of a buckle, pift of a b?'ooch (porni n i
belti) ; (3) the letter^.
porna (ac5), v. to become dry, dry up.
porn-gjortS, f. crown of thorn ;
-runnr, m. tho7'?i-bush.
porp, n. (i) an isolated jar m ; (2) in
foreign countries, a thorp or village
(Irar hlaupa sainan 1 eitt p.) ; (3) an
open, U7isheltered place (hrornar poll,
sii er stendr porpi a).
porpara-ligr, a. boorish, clownish ;
-skapr, m. clownishness.
porpari, m. cotter, peasant, boor,
churl (porparar ok verkmenn).
porp-karl, m. ch.
churlish, cloivnish.
I'orra-blot, n. the great sacrifice
%vhe7i Thor7'i bes^an (in heathen times).
i>orri, m. the foitrth %vinter 77i07tth,
the first pfter midwinter.
porskr ('S, -ar), m, cod, codfish.
porsta-drykkr, m. a d7aught for
staking the thirst ; -fuUr, a. thirsty.
porsti, m. thirst.
porst-lauss, a. 7tot thirsty ; -Idtr, a.
given to thirst, thirsty.
pot, n. rush ; in phr., sitja (standa)
i>6
[515]
l»REP
( J?ot vi5 e-n, to sit {stand) ready to
make (? or meet) an attack.
J)6, adv. (i) yet^ thotic^h, nevertheless,
still (peir voru si6 bunir ok sigldu
po i haf) ; (2) connected with other
particles ; ok 1)6, and besides, a?td
even, to boot (i Noregi er h'til byg6
ok l^o sundrlaus) ; morgum monnum
6fr66um ok Jjo ovitrum, ill-informed
and unwise as well] er J)6, since yet,
considering that (kvazt hja bondum
skyldu vera, er J)6 bu6u feir honum
sva g66a kosti) ; (3) conj., J)6 at,
contracted J)6t, t)6tt, although, even
though, with subj. (hann rengdi til
augum, J)6 at uskygn vseri) ; halda
mattu t)essu sseti, ^ott hon komi %yXi
til, though she comes herself into the
hall ; dropping the ' at ' ; t)6 ^\x sert
litillar settar, although thou art 0/ low
extraction.
{)6f, n. ( I ) crowding, thronging, press-
ing ; leiQist mer J), petta, this crowding
wearies me ; (2) wearisome, endless
struggle (l)ar kemr enn pofinu, at).
J)6fa-hattr, -hottr, m. felt hood ;
-stakkr, m.felt cloak.
{)6fi,m. ( I )felt ; (2 ) saddle-cloth off el t.
J)6knast, see ' J^okknast '.
J)6pta, see ' J)opta '.
i'orr, m. the god Thor.
l*6rs-dagr, m. Thursday.
Jjott, conj. contr. from po at, «/-
though ; see * J)6 ' 3.
J)6tta-brag(5, n. angry look.
J)6tti, m. (i) thought, inind\ (2)
displeasure, anger.
J)6ttr, m. = potti ; maela sinn l)6tt,
/<9 tell 07ie's mind.
J)6ttu, = pott (J)6 at) J)u.
J)ramina ( a(5), v. /^ trudge, trample.
J)raninian, t>ronimun, f. trampling.
Jjrap or J)rapt, n. quarrel.
l)rasa (pres. t)ra3i), v. /^ /^//& ^z^,
/<? rage (hvi J)rasir pu sv^, {>6rr !).
J)raut (pi. -ir), f. hard struggle, great
exertion, labour, hard task ( ek mun Mta
l)ik vinna til raQahags t)essa J)rautir
nokkurar) ; pola l^rautir, to suffer
hardships ; gera J), til e-s, to tiy hard',
berjast til J)rautar, to fight to the end.
{)rautar-laust, adv. without a strug-
gle, without resistance.
Jjraut-gotSr, a. good in straits ;
-lauat, adv. = brautarlaust.
{)ra (t)ra, praoa, praSr), v. to long,
yearn (sla ekki sliku a l)ik, at J), eptir
einni konu) ; refl., l^rast i. e-t, to lojig
for a thi)ig.
t)ra, f. longing, yearning', leggja
J)rdr d e-t, to yearn after a thing.
J)ra, n. obstinacy (Hrafn hardnaSi 1
sfnu prai vi5 biskup) ; 1 J), e-m, z«
defiance of in spite ^/(gerQi J)at hverr
1 p. o6rum) ; honum J)6tti t)at mjok
gert 1 t). ser, z'« /r/j despite, in order
to thwart him ; ganga d J)., to veer
round and become contrary ^ of wind
(l)vi naest gekk ve6r d {).).
prd-beiting, f. continual tacking ;
-boeni, f. persistence in praying or
askings -boenn, a. persistent in
prayer or entreaty.
J)raSr (gen. I)ra$ar ; pi. J)rae5ir, ace.
praSu ; nom. and ace. also J)r8BtSr),
m. thread.
J)ra-fylginn, a. persevering, persis-
te?tt', -girni, f. obstinacy, -gjarn, a.
obstinate ; -gjamliga, adv. obstin-
ately ; -halda, v. to holdfast, stick to
(a e-u) ; -haldr, a. obstinate, stubborn.
prai, m. obstinacy, — I)ra (n.).
J)ra-latr, a, stubborn, obstinate \
-leikr, m. perseverance ; -liga, adv.
(i) obstinately (neita e-u -liga); (2)
incessafttly, continuously ; -ligr, a.
contitiuous, incessant ; -lifr, a. /<f«<2-
a^z/j ^/ ///"<? ; -lundatSr, a. = -lyndr ;
-lyndast, v. refl. to be obstinate in a
thing [i e-u); -lyndi, n. stubbornness',
-lyndr, a. obstinate, stubborn ; -Iseti,
n. = -lyndi ; -msBli, n. obstinate talk.
J)rar (t^ra, J)ratt), a. stubborn, ob-
stinate (t)6tt l)u ser svd J)., at J)u vilir
engis manns rd5i hlySa) ; neut., J)rdtt
as 2Ldv.,freguejttly.
J)ra-reip, n . tight or strong rope (?) ;
-raekiligr, a. obstinate] -raBkr, a.
persistent ; -samliga, adv. persever-
ingly, obstinately (neita -samliga) ;
-seta, f. /^«^ sitting] -vicSri, n. a
constant adverse 'U ind ; -yrcSi, n. pi.
obstinate speech = -masli.
J)ref, n. a kind of upper floor ; fig.,
kemr nu d. \>. um draumana, />^<? (^/.y-
mal) dreams come again.
f»RE-PALDA
[516]
f'RIP-SEMI
J)re-falda (aS), v. to triple ; -faldan,
f. a making threefold ; -faldliga, adv.
trebly ; -faldr, a. threefold.
{)refi, m. a number of sheaves, thrave.
l)reifa (atS), v. to feel with the hand,
touch (far Jju hingat ok vil ek p. um
l)ik) ; J), i bond e-m, to shake one's
hand ; rcfl., J)reifast fyrir, to feel for
oneself grope along.
l)reifanligr, a. tangible.
l)rek, n., poet, prekr, m., pith,
strength, courage^ daring (eigi hofum
ver prek til at berjast vid |>orstein) ;
hafa t)rek vi6 e-m, to be a match for.
prekatSr, pp. ivorn^ exhausted.
J)rek-forlaSr, pp. with failing cour-
age or strength (poet.).
Jjrekinn, a. strong, enduring,
j)rekk6ttr, a. dirty, filthy.
l)rekkr, m. dirt, filth.
l)rek-lauss, a. pithless', -leysi, n.
lack of fortitude, pithlessness ; -liga,
adv. strongly, stoutly ; -ligr, a. strong,
stout of frame ; -matSr, m. a stout,
strong man', -mannliga, adv. stoutly ;
-mikill, a. stro7tg, valiant.
l)rekr, m. = prek (mikill J), ok afl).
t)rek-raun, f. trial of strength or
courage (t)etta var mikil -raun).
l)reku-ligr, a. = iMekligr.
J)rek-vana, a. indecl. destitute of
strength ; -virki, n. deed of derring-
do (t)ettaer hit mesta -virki).
{)renning, f. trinity, esp. the Trinity
(t»renningar tru) ; l)renningar-ine3sa,
f. Trinity-Sunday,
l)rennr, a. triple, threefold', plur. in
distrib. sense, three ; prennar tylftir i
fjorSungi hverjum, three twelves i?i
each quarter ; J)etta eru t)renn ver3,
three times the price.
l)rep, n., l)repi, m. ledge.
})reskja (-ta, -tr), v. to thresh.
J)resk6"'dr (gen. -aldar, dat. -eldi ;
pi. -eldir, ace. -oldu), m. (i) thres-
hold \ (2) an isuunus or ridge flooded
at high water.
{)rett^n, card. numb, thirteen ;
J)rettandi, ord. numb, the thirteenth.
J)re-vetr, a. thj-ee winters {or years)
old (l^eir voru -vetrir).
tireyja ({)rey, {)rey8a, J)reyt$r), v. to
feel for, desire^ yearn after.
l)reyta (-tta, -ttr), v. to pi osccute a
thing stoutly, to striiie hard in a
thing; {). leik, rds vi5 e-n, to contend
in a game, run a race with one ; J),
kapp-sigling, to sail a race ; J), drykkju
viQ e-n, to vie in drinking with one ;
J), a drykkjuna, to strive hard to drink ;
J), e-t med kappmse'um, to dispute
eagerly ; J), log um e-t, to contend at
law ; jarlarnir J)reyttu J)etta mefl ser,
/■/ came to high words between the7n ;
pair J)reyttu at komast inn i borgina,
they tried hard to get into the burgh ;
{). best sporum, to prick the horse with
the spurs.
J)reyttr, pp. exhausted, worn out',
jDott hann se mjok at J)., though he be
sorely tried.
t)ri(Si (yen., dat., ace. {)ri^ja, pi.
t)riSju), ord. numb, the third ; i J)n5ja
sinn.y"^-'?' the third time.
{)rioja-braetSra, indecl. /^;/r//z {male)
cotisins ; -broe(5ri, xx\. fourth cousin.
J)ri$junga-skipti, n. a division into
three parts.
Jjri^jungr, m. the third part ; aukast
J)ri6jungi, to be increased by a third.
J)ric5jungs-auki, m. an iiicrease by a
third ; the third part the wife was
e?i titled to of the joint property.
J)rif, n. pi. thrivifig conditiofi, well-
doing, prosperity ; standa e-m fyrir
JDrifum, to stand in the way of ones
well-doing; verc3a at J)rifum, to be-
come prosperous.
prifgast (at5), v. to thrive, =^])T\{a.st.
{)rif-gjafari, m. giver of good t Jungs ;
-gjafi, m. = -gjatari ; -gj6f, f. gift of
grace, salvation.
})rifinn, a. (i) active; (2) well-
favoured (J), af sinum likam"*.
prif-liga, adv. ( i ) deftly, briskly (eta
-liga) ; (2) neaf/y, carefully (-liga
buinn) ; -ligr, a. thrifty, well-looking;
-mannligr, a. = -ligr.
l)rifnatSar-lauss, a. miserable,
wretched ; -matSr, m. a well-to-do
{prosperous) man.
{)rifnat5r, m. thriving, prosperity,
success in life.
J)rif-saml^gr, a, wholesome ; -samr,
a. thriving, prosperous ; -semd,
-semi, f. prosperity, welfare.
f>RIFT
[517]
f>ROTNA
prift, f. = pr\f, \)n(n3.6r.
t)riskja (-ta, -trj, v. = Jjreskja.
t)ri-anga5r, a. th7'ee-forked\ -boginn,
pp. thrice bent ; -breitSr, a. of triple
breadth^ of cloth ; -bryddr, pp. luith
threefold mounting ; -deila (-da, -dr ),
V. to divide into three parts ; -engdr,
pp. three-pro7iged.
prifa (I)rif ; Jjreif, J)rifum ; l)rifinn),
V. (i) to catchy grasp, to take hold of
suddenly (J), e-n, eptir e-m, i e-n, til
e-s) ; {). i. e-m, to lay hands on ; (2)
refl., t)rifast, to thrive (hann baQ hann
ilia fara ok aldri J).).
{)ri-falda (a5), v. to 7nake threefold]
-faldr, a. threefold; -fern, a. thrice-
old, three years old (-fornt smjor) ;
-foettr, a. three-legged \ -gilda (-Ida,
-Idr), V. to pay threefold; -greindr,
pp. three-branched; -hendr, a. with
three rhyjniftg syllables in each line ;
-hyrndr, pp. three-homed, triangular;
-hyrningr, m. triangle ; -h6ft5a$r,
pp. three-headed; -kvislatSr, pp.
three-branched; -menningr, m. second
cousin ; -merkingr, m. a ring weigh-
ing three ounces ; -miitaSr, pp. thrice
moulted ; -nasttr, a. three nights old.
l)rir (J): jar, l)rju), card. numb, three.
J)ri-skafinn, pp. thrice polished;
-skeptr, pp. [ivadmal) of three
strands ; -skeyta, f . triangle ; -skipta
(-pta, -ptr), V. to divide into three
parts ; -tugandi, ord. numb, the
thirtieth', -tugr, a. (i) aged thirty
(-tugr at aldri) ; (2) having thirty oar-
benches ; (3) of thirty (fathoms, ells).
J)ritug-39ssa, f. a ship having thirty
oar-benches.
l)rit0g-nattr, a. of thirty nights.
t)ri-t0gr, a. = Jjritugr ; -vetr, a. =
{)revetr ; -vasgr, a. of triple weight ;
-aarr, a. three years old.
prjota (l)ryt ; J)raut, J)rutum ; J)rot-
inn), V. impers. ; (i) prytr e-t (ace.) it
fails, comes to an efid ; en er veizluna
prytr, when it ca?ne to the end of the
banquet; par til er ]3raut dalinn, ////
the dale efided {among the hills) ; l)ar
til er t)raut sker oil, till there was ati
end of all the skerries ; seint prytr
J)ann, er verr hefir, the man with a
bad case has a hundred excuses ; (2)
with ace. of person and thing (e-n
prytr e-t) ; en er hann (ace.) t)raut
urendit, when breath failed him ;
Hrapp l:)raut vistir f hafi, H. ran
short of food at sea; (3) to become
exhausted, fail; mara J)raut ora, our
steeds were exhausted.
J)rj6tkast (a^), v. = J)rj6zkast.
J)rj6t-lyiidi,n. stubbornness; -lyndr,
a. refractory, stubborn.
prjotr, m. (i) knave; (2) defiance;
bj66a e-m t»rj6t, to bid defia?ice to one.
J)rj6zka, f. refractoriness, obstinacy.
{)rj6zkast faS), v. xc^. to be refrac-
tory or rebellious.
I)ij6zkr, a. refractory.
J)roska^r, pp. grown up, adult.
{)roska-mac5r, m. a stout, vigorous
man ; -mikill, a. vigorous ; -munr,
m. differefice in vigour ; -samr, a.
manly, vigorous.
l)roskaBt(a5), v. to grow up to full
age, live to be a man.
proska-vsBnligr, 2,. promising.
proski, m. (i) 7naturity, fiill age,
mafihood (sveinninn var snimma med
miklum J)roska) ; (2) promotion, ad-
vanceme7it (ek em l)vi fegnust, at J)inn
t). mastti mestr verSa).
{)roskr, a. vigorous, 7nature, full-
grow7i (enn J)roski Njardar sonr).
proskuligr, a. vigorous (snemma *
J)., mikill ok sterkr).
J)rot, n. lack, wa7it (])ar er ekki J).
dtu) ; at J)rotum kominn, worn out,
exhausted (t)eir voru Jja allir at t^rot-
um komnir of matleysi).
t)rota (a^), V. impers., e-n J)rotar e-t,
one runs short of a thing (ef J)ik Jjrot-
ar fong) ; raSin protar fyrir honum,
there is a lack of counsel for hi7n, he
is at his wit's end.
{)roti, m. szvelli7ig, tu7nour.
{)rotinn, pp. from 'l)rj6ta*, at an
e7id, past, g07ie (get ek, at t)rotin se
t)in mesta gaefa) ; f). at drykk, out of
drink ; hestrinn var J)., quite ex-
hausted ; en er allir voru Jjrotnir 4 at
bidja hann til, when all were tired of
begging hi7n.
Jjrotna (at5), v. to run short, dwindle
away, coine to an e7id (Hreidarr s^, at
Jjeirra kostr mundi brdtt J).).
f»ROTNADR
[518]
f>Ili?ETU-MABR
l)rotna^r, m., J)rotnan, f. vanish-
i7ig ; vera i J^rotnnn, to be waning.
^rot-raSi, a. destitute, helpless.
{)rot3-niatSr, m. destitute person,
pauper.
{)r6 (pi. proer, {)r6ar), f. hollowed
wood or stone, trough.
J)r6ast (atS), v. refl. to wax, increase,
grow, metna6r honum Jjioast, /rw>
waxes in him.
I)r6ttigr, a. powerful, mighty.
{)r6tt-lauss, a. pithless, powerless ;
-leysi, n. want of stt-ejigth ; -liga,
adv. mightily, forcibly ; -mikill, a.
doughty, strong.
\tv6ttv (gen. -ar), m. strength, might,
valour, fr}n7tess (sannliga er skekinn
l3. or y6r).
prott-sinni, n. endurance, vigour',
-oflugr, a. mighty, powerful.
pruma, f. clip of thunder (reiSar J).).
t)ruma (aS), v. /(? rattle.
J)ruma (I)ruini, {jrumtJa, J)rumat),
V. (i) /^ stand, sit fast; {jars Valholl
vi3 of {jrumir, sta7ids spacious ; J), yfir
oldnim, /^ hover over banquets ; (2)
/t* stay behind, loiter, mope.
{)runginn, pp. from ' pryngva ', (i)
stifled, oppressed, moody (J^rungin
go6) ; I^rungin dcegr, dismal days ;
(2) full of, fraught with ; helu J).,
thick with rime ; hleifr J). saQum, a
loaf full of bran ; p. moeSi, swollen
with anger ; dynr var 1 gardi, droslum
of prungit, crowded with horses.
J)ru5-hauiarr, m. strong hammer.
frutS-lieimr, m. * the strong abode ',
the habitation of Thor.
t)ruSigr, J)rutSinn, a. strong,
powerful, mighty.
J)ru.6-rc6t5ugr, a. heroic of mood;
-valdr, m. the tnighty ruler (Thor).
i*ru6-vangr, m. = -heimr.
t)rugan, f. compulsio7i (J), laganna).
Jjrutinn, a, s'iuolle7i, oppressed.
t)rutna (at5), v. (i) to swell (fotrinn
J)rutna6i mjok) ; (2) /(9 increase, wax
(f)rutnar at um e-tK
l)rutnan, f. swelling.
Jjrutuligr, a. swoile7i in the face.
prymill, m. a hard k7iot i7i the flesh.
t)rymja (J)runid.a), v. to lie, extend,
sp7'ead (J)rymr of oil lond 0rl6gsiinu).
{)ryngva (J)ryng ; I)rong, t)rungum;
t)runginn), v. ( i ) to press, thrust
(J)istill, sd er var ])runginn 1 onn ofan-
ver6a) ; (2) to rush, press onward, =
prongvast (ok er lidit frong i niilli
skipanna, t)a brast niSr undir J)eim
issinn) ; see ' |)runginn '.
J)rysvar, adv. thrice, three ti77ies.
t)rysta (-sta, -str), v. (i) to thrust,
p7'ess (J)a tok H. konungr a oxl honum
hendinni ok l^rysti) ; B. J^rystir at
Eyjulfi fast, B. thrust E. hard ; hann
|)rysti knenu vi6 steininn, he pressed
/lis knee against the sto7ie ; (2) to force,
co7npel (J), e-m til e-s),
J)ry3tiligr, a. stout, robust.
{)rysting, f. pressure, co77ipulsion.
praela-efni, n. pi. persons to be 7nade
slaves of', -folk, n. thralls, slaves ;
-tala, {., hafa e-n 1 -tolu, to treat 07ie
as a slave ; -aatt, n, fajnily of slaves ;
su kona er eigi -aettar, that W077ia7i is
of 710 77iea7i €xtractio7i.
t)r89l-baugr, m. 7no7iey paid as were-
gildfor a tlirall ; -borinn, pp. th7'all-
bor7i ; -domr, m. thraldom.
t)raelka (ac5), v. to enthral.
i)r8Blkan, f. thraldom (Iei3ae-n 1 ]3.).
J)raBll (-S, -ar), m. thrall, slave ; fig.
wretch, scoundrel.
praels-efni, n. a person to be 7nade a
slave of ; -gjold, n. pi. 7ueregild for a
thrall; -jafningi, m. thrairs equal;
-kona, f. thrall's wife ; -ligr, a. slav-
ish ; -nafn, n. na7ne of a thrall ; bera
-nafn, to be called th7'all; -verk, n.
work of a thrall.
{)raBta (-tta, -tt), v. to wrangle, liti'
gate ; p. e-s , to gai7isay, co7itradict,
de7iy (eigi mun ek jjess {)urfa at p.) ;
p. um e-t, to wrangle about (um l)etta
iDrasttu l)eir) ; J), i moti, to gai7isay,
C07itradict.
J)ra9ta, f. qua7'rel, wrangling, litiga-
tion (|)ar slo 1 |3r?etu).
l)rsBtinn, a. litigious, co7itradictory.
j)raBtni, f. disputatioiiS7iess.
J)r89tu-b6k, f. book of dialectics;
-dolgr, m. quarrelsoine litiga7it ;
-fullr, a. disputatious ; -hagi, m. dis-
puted pasture ; -ligr, a. dialectical ;
-lig ijirott, art of dialectics ; -maSr,
m. (i) dis't)iiter^ disputant; (2} schis'
Pn^TV-MAli
[519]
tUNGR
mafic ; -mdl, n. litigation ; -pdfi, m.
schismatic pope \ -samligr, a. conte7i-
iioics ; -sterkr, a. strong in dispute.
{)r6inniiin, f. /;7zw/'//;/<f, = J)ramman.
J)r6mr (gen. l)ramar, dat. J)rem.i ;
pi. premir, ace. t)romu), brim, edge,
verge (kominn a heljar prom).
{)r6ng (pi. t)r6ngvar), f. (i) throng,
crowd (var6 J), mikil) ; (2) narrow
place (sumir vor6ust i J^rongunum) ;
(3) fig. straits (alia J)a J), ok nau5, er
hann t)oldi) ; (4) short breath and
cough ({)a setti at honum p. mikla).
{)r6ng-brj6staSr. a. inean-spirited.
t)r<zingt5, f. = f rong.
{)r6ng-fcBrr, a. narrow to pass,
J)r0nging, f. = prongving.
|)r6ng-leikr, m. 7iarrowness ; -len-
di, n. 7iarrow laitd; -lendr, a. 7iarrow,
of a land (t)ar var sva -lent) ; -liga,
adv. narrowly, in straits ; -meginn, a.
oppressed.
l)rongr (ace. -van and -an), a. (i)
7iarrow, close, tight (vefjar-upphlutr
J).) ; skogrinn var J)., M.? w^'^^f w^?^
thick ; (2) throfigedf crowded (J)rongt
var d skipinu).
prong-rymt, a. n. narrow {scanty)
land (hafa -rymt).
J)r0ngsl, n. pi. straits, distress.
J)r0ngva (-oa, -6r), v. {\) to press
on one (t). e-m) ; with aee., hann tok
at J), mik mjok, he took a7id pressed
7ne hard\ (2) to straiten, tighten
({). kosti e-s) ; impers., er Ribbung-
ar sd, at alia vega J)r0ng6i kosti
l)eira, that on all sides their means
were straite7ied ; (3) p. e-m til e-s, to
force one to a thi7ig\ {). e-m undir sik,
to subdue one by force ; J), e-t ut af
e-m, to extort fro7n one ; (4) refl.,
J)r0ngvast, to throng, press forward
(|3eir reSust f moti ok J)r0ng6ust at
vaSinu) ; loftit J^rongvist ok t)ykknar,
the air waxes close and thickens.
f)r0ngving, f. straits ; fig. distress.
J)rpngvingar-J)el, i.file of adversity.
prpskdidr, m. = J)reskoldr.
J)r6str (gen. Jjrastar ; dat. J)re8ti ;
pi. l)restir, ace. J)r6stu), m. thrush.
t)ukla (atS), v. to feel, touch (J), sull-
inn or A suUinum); var svd til J)uklat,
at, it was handled so that.
t)ula, f. 7'hapsody, 7igma7-ole ; Rfgs
{)., the Lay of Rig.
J)ular-st611, m. wise-man's chair.
pulr (i;en. -ar),m. wise-man, sage.
J)umal-fingr, m. thumb-finger ; -td,
f. the great toe ; -oln, f. thumb-ell.
f)unilungr (-s, -ar), m. (i) the thimib
(of a glove) ; (2) i7ich.
J)unga (a$), v. /<;» /^<2(^ (J), skip sitt) ;
]3ungu5 kona, a woffian with child ;
fjorey var mjok J)ungu6, Th. was far
adva7iced.
J)unga-fullr, a. (i) hea7y (-fullr
svefnj ; (2) burdened, oppressed.
J)ungan, f. burden.
J)unga-varnatSr, -vamingr, m.
heavy goods.
{)ung-bylt, a. n., e-m verdr-bylt, <??z^
has troublesome neighbours ; -bserr,
a. heavy to bear, burdenso7}ie ; -eygr,
a. heavy-eyed, di77i-eyed', -foerast, v,
refl., to beco7ne heavy, i7ifir77i ; -foerr,
a. (i) heavy to 7nove', (2) i7ifir7n (f»6rir
var gamall ok -foerr) ; -gengt, a. n.
difficult to walk (e-m verSr -gengt).
Jjungi, m. (i) heaviness, weight
(Ginnungagap fylltist me6 t)unga og
hofugleik iss ok hrims) ; (2) burden,
e7icu77ibra7ice (verSr mer heldr at {)vi
{). en gagn) ; (3) load, cargo (|>6rir
spurSi, hvat J)unga Asbjorn hefSi d
skipinu) ; (4) heavi)iess, drowsiness
(pott punga eSr geispaslai d hann).
pungleika-aldr, m. age ofi7ifir77iity.
J)ung-leikr, \xi.heavi71ess, i72fir77iity ;
-liga, adv. heavily (Njdll tok fessu
-liga) ; vera -liga haldinn, to be very
ill ; -ligr, a. heavy, difficult (eigi lizt
m^r petta mal -ligt) ; -lifr, a. heavy in
the body ; -meginn, a. oppressed (peir
voru fair ok -megnir).
pungr, a. (i) heavy, weighty (potti
mer hann nokkurs til p.) ; p. d baki,
heavy to ca7'ry on horseback ; skip
pungt undir drum, heavy to pull with
oars ; (2) fig. heavy, oppressive (mann-
faeSin var hin pyngsta) ; honum voru
augu pung, he was heavy-eyed', mefl
pungu yfirbragSi, with agloo7ny mien ;
henni fell pungt til fjar, her money
affairs were bad ; e-m veitir pyngra.
one gets the worst of it', fd pungt af
c-m, to stiffer hard treat7nentfro7n
f'UNG-REIDIl
[520]
f>VATTR
one\ m^r er J^ungt, segir Eyjolfr, /
do not feel iveH, says E.
J)ung-reiSr, a. heavy to ride throtigJi\
-reatSr, a. difficult, laborious ; -yrkr,
a. hard, severe.
J)unn-byg^r, pp. thinly inhabited;
-bylt, a. n. thinly peopled with farms ;
-eggjat5r, thin-edged ; -ge(5r, a. weak-
minded^ fickle \, -harr, a. thin-haired \
-heyrtSr, pp. keen ofhearing\ -leitr, a.
thin-faced ; -megmn, a. weak, feeble.
{)unnr, a. thiti ; f unnt har, thin hair',
Jjunn 0x, a thin-edged axe ; punnt
ve6r, clear weather; t^egja ^unnu
hljodi, to keep a watchful silefice.
{)unn-skafinn, pp. thin-scraped ;
-skipaSr, pp. thinly 7nanned ; -sleg-
inn, pp. thinly beaten, thinly
mounted ; -vangi, m. the temple.
pur^r (gen. -ar), m. decrease, wan-
ing (ekki fara i |)ur6 draumarnir).
{)urfa (I)arf, J)urfta, {)urft), v. (i)
/tf need, want (ekki J)arft t)u at ganga
i hus min) ; with gen., J), e-s, or j).
e-s vi6, /(? stand in need of (ek J)yrfta
nu gu6s miskunnar) ; Gunnarr kva6
einskis mundu vi6 J)., G. said there
was no need of afiything; (2) impers.,
{)ess t)arf (vi3), zV z'j needed', t)ess
J)yrfti, at, z/ would be necessary that ;
with ace. (hversu inarga niunu v^r
menn \>.) ; ekki var sa leikr, er nokk-
urr J)yrfti viQ hann at reyna, it was
no use for anybody to strive with him
in any game.
t)urfa-nia(5r, m. poor man^ needy
person (-mannatiund).
})urfandi (pl.-endr), m. = prec.
J)urfi or J)urfa, a. wanting, in need
^(liSs l)ins vasra ek pa J).).
l)urfsanir, a. helping (e-m).
J)urft, f. (i) need, want, necessity;
(2) necessary discharge, esp. urine ;
ganga innar J)ynnri purftarinnar, to
make water.
J)urftugr, a. (i) in need of (nu em
ek J), ydars fulUings) ; (2) poor, in-
digent (gamall ma6r ok J).).
J)urftuligr, a. useful, prof table.
J)urka (aS), v. to dry, make dry
(gerdu peir mikinn eldokJ)urku3u sik).
{)urka, f. (i) droughty dry?iess; (2)
towel.
J)urkan, f. drying (Karlsefni lagSi
viSinn til J)urkanar).
{)urku.-sarQr, a. dry (-samt sumar).
J)urr, a. dry (hrar viSr eSa {).) ; '^.
klaeSi, dry clothes ; ganga purrum
fotum {or J)urt) yfir ana, with dry feet,
without wetting the feet; sitja t)urt
um allar vitundir, to be clear of all
cognizance; a t)urru, on dry land;
fasta t)urt [or vid l)urt), to fast on fish
and vegetable food.
l3urra-frost, n. dry frost,
t)arr-fasta, f. fasting on fish and
vegetable food; -fasta (a(5), v. to fast
on fish and vegetable food; -fjallr, a.
dry-skimted, in dry clothes ; -foetis,
adv. without wetting the feet ; -leikr,
m. dryness; -lendi, n. dry land;
-lendr, a. with dry soil (jor3 -lend) ;
-ligr, a. dry (ve6r gott ok -ligt) ;
-lyndi, n. dryness, su?iiness ; -vitJri,
n. dry weather.
purs or J)U3S, m. giant, ogre, mon-
ster (likir pursum at vexti); J)ursa
raQbani, slayer of giants {Thor),
purs-ligr, a. like a giant.
l)U (gen. ^111, dat. J)er, ace. t)ik ; pi.
{)er 3r 6r, gen. y^ar, dat. and ace.
ySr), thou.
J)ufa (gen. pi. t>T^fna), f. motmd,
knoll (H. sat vi6 l)ufu eina).
J)U3-hundra5, n. = t)usund.
J)U3t, x\. flail.
l)ustr, m. (i) j/zV/^; (2) chafing,
anger, emnity (jDotti honum mjok vaxa
J). milJi manna i heraQinu).
t)U3und (pi. -ir), f. thousand,
t)vara, f. pot-stick, stirrer,
J)vari, m. bolt, spear.
l)va (i)vaB ; J)6, J)6guin ; I)veginn),
V. (i) to wash ({). lik, sAr manna,
hofu6 sitt) ; J), sik <7r Jj. s^r, to wash
oneself; (2) /^ remove by washing.
{)vatt-aptann, m. Saturday eve?iing.
{)vattari, m. washer.
{)vatt-dagr, m. Saturday ; -kona,
f. washer-woman ; -nott, f. Saturday
night.
{)vattr (gen, pvdttar, dat. I)V8Btti),
m. (i) w^iiiv^, washing (kona nokkur
for me3 klaeQi til l)vattar) ; (2) <:/^M^^
washed at o?ie time, washing (hengja
upp J)vdtt).
f>vATT-STEINN
[521]
i»YKKJA
J)vatt-steinn, m. washJng-stojte ;
•vifl, n. bat used in washing.
J)veita (-tta, -tt), v. to hurl, fling.
{)veiti, n. a small weight of silver.
J)vengr (-jar, -ir), m. thong, latchet.
J)verast (ac5), v. refl. to move
athwart, aside (J)vera6ist Steinarr
fram d bakkann).
l)ver-d, f. side river, tributary river ;
-bak, n., um -bak, across a horse's
back ; -brestr, m. cross chifik ; -brot,
n. a break across, breach ; -dalr, m.
side dale ; -feta (at$ i, v. to go aslant ;
-fingr, m. finget^s breadtli ; -fjorSi%
m. cross-fjord, side fjord; -gjrrSingr,
m. cross-girding \ -h0ggr, a. cut
across, steep, abrupt ; -bond, f . hands
breadth', -knyta (-tta, -ttr), \.io refuse
flatly ; -kominn, pp. in a?t awkward
position ; -kyrfa (-5a, -t5r), v. to di-
vide (a house) across or transversely,
opp. to * at endilongu ' ; -liga, adv.
*" athwart* ^ flatly (neita, synja, taka
e-u -liga) ; -lyndi, n. refractoriness,
wrong'headedness ; -lyndr, a. wro7tg-
headed, refractory', -neita (atS ,
V. to deny flatly ; -pallr, m. cross
dais, the high-floor at the halVs end.
pverr, a. (i) athwart, transverse,
opp. to 'endilangr' (tjalda um |)veran
skdlann) ; la hverr um annan l)veran,
in heaps ; fara J), d foeti at e-u, to be
unwilling for a thing', beita l)vert,
to sail close-hauled, near the wind ;
(2) adverse, contrary (ve6r hord ok
J)ver) ; (3) cross, obstinate ; hann kvazt
ekki \>. vera i pvi at selja skipit, he
said he would not be hard about sell-
ing the ship; setja t)vert nei fyrir, to
deny flatly ; ek vil J)6 eigi t)vert taka,
ef l)er er litit um, / will not take it
crossly, if it is not to thy mind.
{)verra (J)verr ; I)varr, {)urrum ;
J)orrinn), v. to wane, grow less, de-
crease (1 J)enna ti'ma purru mjok vin-
saeldir Valdemars konungs).
pverra (-v5a), v. to make to decrease.
J)vers, adv. across, athwart ; hann
snyr J), af leiSinni, he turns abruptly
away fro7n the path ; J). 1 moti e-u,
quite co7itrary to.
J)ver-8keytingr, m. cross-wind,
side-wind', -skipa, adv. athwart the
ship ; -skurtSr, m. transverse cut ;
-skytningr, m. = -skeytingr ; -slag,
n. cross-stroke ; -stigr, m. cross-path,
side-path ; -straeti, n. cross-street ;
-syll, f. cross-sill.
pverst or later pvest, n. the lean flesh
underneath the blubber of a whale.
l)ver-taka, v. to deny flatly, = taka
e-u I)vert ; -tr6, n. cross-tree ; -liS, f.
(l) discord', (2) disobedience ; -vegr,
m. cross-way ; d -veginn, across,
cross-wise, athwart', -t)ili, n. crosS'
deal, trafisverse partitio7Z.
pvinga (a$), v. (i) to weigh down^
oppress', (2) to C077ipel, force.
J)vingan, f. oppression, hardsh'p
(til pvingunar ok ofrelsis).
pvis, interj. (hvis, J)., af tjoldin !).
J)viti, m. a kind of stone (toku I)eir
mikinn stein ; sa heitir J).),
t)vi (prop. dat. from ' t)at '), adv. and
conj. (i) therefore (vard J), ekki af fer6-
inni) ; af J)., therefore ; (2) af {). at,
t). at, because, for (tokst eigi atreiSin,
I)vi at biiendr frestudu) ; (3) J), at eins,
only on that condition ; (4) why, =
hvi (only in later texts); (5) with
compar., the ; hann var J). astsasUi
sem hann var ellri, he was the more
beloved the older he grew.
J)vigit=})vi-gi at ; with compar. not
the ; {). fieira, not the 7nore, no 7nore.
{)vi-likr, a. ' stich-like ', such (mundi
engi eiga -likan hest).
I)visa, old dat. sing, neut., = {)essu ;
1 J). Ijosi, in this light, in this world.
pykk-byrt, a. n., hafa -byrt, to have
thick, stout ar/nour ; -bylt, a. n.
thick-set, studded, with ha7nlets ;
-farit, pp. n., gera -farit, to make fre-
quent visits.
J)ykkja ({jykki, J)6tta, pott), v. (i)
to be thought to be, see7n to be, be es-
tee7)ied or reckoned as ; hon {)6tti
beztr kostr, she was thought the best
7)iatch ; (2) with dat. it see77ts to one,
07ie thinks (pykki mer rdS, at pu farir
at finna Gizur hvita) ; e-m J)ykkir at
e-u, one feels hurt at, takes it to heart,
is displeased with (J)6tti monnum
mikit at um vig Kjartans) ; m^r Jjykkir
fyrir {or fyr) e-u, / dislike, a7n tinwill-
ing to (m^r pykkir meira fyrir en
i»YKKJA
[522]
I'YS-HOLL
oSrum monnum at vega menn) ; e-m
J)ykkir mikit um e-t, 07ie takes it
viuch to heart (honum J)6tti sva mikit
um fall 6lafs konungs, at) ; e-m J)ykk-
ir mikit undir e-u, one thinks it of
great ifnportaftce (mikit Jjotti spokum
monnum undir t)vi, at) ; impers., vilda
ek, at J)er l^cetti eigi verr, / wish that
thou woiddst not take it amiss ; potti
sinn veg hvarum, they disagreed \
{)ykki mer sem undan s^ gaflveggrinn,
it see7ns to me as though the gable -wall
were dow?i ; J)6tti mer J)eir soekja at
(= sem J)eir scekti at), methovght
they pressed hard on me ; (3) refl.,
pykkjast, to seejn to oneself think one-
self think (en ek {)ykkjumst Jjo mjok
neyddr til hafa verit) ; hann t)ykkist
einn vita allt, he thinks he alone knows
everything-^ l)ykkist hann mjok fyrir
oSrum monnum, he thinks hi7nself
far above other 7nen ; en Brynhildr
J)ykkist bru6r var-gefin, but B, will
think she is ill-77tatched.
{)ykkja, f. (l ) thouglit ; liking, senti-
77ient, disposition ; foru J)ykkjur f)eira
saman, ///^/> senti77ients went together ;
(2) dislike^ displeasure (leggja J)ykkju
i, e-n or e-t).
pykkjast (t), v. refl. to take offence
at, take a77iiss, get angry with (J). vi6
e-t orv\^ e-n).
J)ykkju-drattr, m. discord \ -lauss,
?[.. good-natured^ careless, easy ; -mik-
ill, a. choleric of te77iper.
J)ykk-leikr, m. thickness ; -leitr, a.
chubby-faced', -liga, adv. proiuily,
sulkily (svara -liga) ; -mikill, a. very
thick, of weather.
t)ykkna (at5), v. to thicken, become
thick (tok veSrit at {).).
I)ykkr, m. thwack, hurt.
t)ykkr (ace. -van), a. thick,'^'^]o\k.x
(garSr fimm feta J).) ; {jykkt veSr, thick
weather ; J), skogr, dense forest ; J)ykkt
hdr, thick hair.
pykk-roggva^r, pp. thick-furred;
-settr, pp. thick-set, thick-ra7iked\
-skipaSr, pp. thickly 7na7t7ied ; -sky-
jatSr, pp. thick-clouded', -varraSr, pp.
thick-lipped; -vaxinn, pp. thick-set,
stout of growth.
J)ykt, f. thickness, denseness.
{)ykt, f. resent77tent, displeasure.
J)ylja(J)yl; {)ulda; l)ulitSr, J)ulinn),
v. to speak, recite, chant ; to 77iutter
to oneself ; J), i feld sinn, to niur7nur
into o?ie's cloak ; refl., J)yljast um, to
i7iutter to oneself
J)yngd, f. (i) heavi7tess, weight; (2)
illness, sickness (H. tok J)a p. mikla
ok Id J)6 eigi) ; (3) troubles (si3an er
ver mistum skipa varra, er oss hefir
oil J), af stadit).
{)yngmg, f. burden, heaviness.
I^yngja (-da, -dr), v. to weigh dow7i,
77iake heavy ; impers., sottinni Jjyngir,
the illness grows worse ; pyngir e-m,
one grows worse {fro7ti illness) ; one
grows heavy froTn sleep ; refl., t^yngj-
ast, to grow heavy, adverse (tekr mi
bardaginn at t>.) ; e-m J)yngist = e-m
J)yngir (J)a tok honum at pyngjast).
J)yngsl, n. pi. (i) burdefi ; gera e-m
J)., vera e-m til ^yngsla, to be a burden
to one ; (2) heavy affiictio7i ( m6r l^ykkir
illt, at menn hljoti svd mjok J), af mer).
l)ynna (-ta, -tr), v. to 77iake thin ;
impers., J)ynnir kof, J)oku, the fog
begi7is to lift.
t>yrja (J)urt5a),v. poet, to sweep, rush.
J)yrma (-da, -t), v. (i) to deal reve-
re7itly withy show respect to, keep, ob-
serve, with dat. (J). eiSum. griSum) ;
Jd. hdtfS, to respect the holy-day ; (2)
to show mercy to, spare (J), livinum
sinum) ; (3) refl., jiyrmast, to display
forbeara7ice ; konungr bad hann, at
hann skyldi f • vi6 Magnus konung, to
fo7'bear fro77i violence towards kingM.
'^jv^n.i-l\^a,,2i(\v.ge7itly,forbea7'i7igly.
J)yrm-liga, -samliga, adv.=J)yrmi-
liga (bundinn eigi -samliga).
pyrna-fullr, 2i.full of thorns.
{)yrni-hjdlnir, m. thorn-helmet ^
-korona, m. crow7i of thorns.
l)yrnir (pi. l)yrnarj. m. thorn.
J)yrni-tre, n. tho7'7i-bush.
{)yrpast (t), v. refl. to crowd, throng
(f)yrptust menn at honum).
{)yrsklingr, m. codli7tg.
{)yrsta (-sti, -st), v. impers., mik
Jjyrstir, / a77i thirsty (hana J)yrsti at
meirr ; t)ar pyrstir jordina).
l)yrstr, a. thirsty (f). til e-s, £ e-t).
{)ys-h611, f. a crowded hall.
f»YSJA
[523]
I>5ef-qi
J)yeua (pya, I)usta, {)ust), v. ^o rush
(|:)ustu peir j)4 fram 6r skoginum).
{)y3-inikill, a. 7ioisy^ uproarious.
J)yss, m. noise, uproar^ riot (J)a
gerdist {). mikill i boenum).
[)ytr, m. /7<7zV^, luhistling sound (J),
vatna) ; J), smabarna, cries, wailini^s.
t)y (gen. -jar, dat. -ju ; pi. -jar), f.
bondmaid, bondivoman.
J)y-borinn, pp. born of a bondwoman.
I)y5a (-dda, -ddr), v. (i) to win
over, attach ; J), ser, to attach to one-
self {\\2cnn ferr vi3a um lond ok J)yddi
ser folkit) ; (2) to explain, interpret
(J), draum) ; (3) to signify (hvat astlar
pu J)enna draum J).?) ; (4) refl., f)y3ast
e-n, to attach ofteself to, associate
with one ; {). e-n me3 vindttu, to be
on a friendly footing with one ; {).
e-m = J), e-n ; Uni ^yddist f>6rLmni,
dottur LeiSolfs, U. paid cou7't to Th.,
daughter of L. ; J), til e-s, undir e-n, to
attach otieself to, pay homage to, sub-
mit to (vildu J)eir heldr J), undir bans
konungdom en undir Svia-konung ;
t:)yddust til bans margir bolSingjar af
o6rum londum),
pySa, f. attac/iment, love.
pySerska, -eska, f. = pySverska.
J)y5erskr, -eskr, a. = py^verskr.
{)y5ing, f. (l) interpretation, trans-
lation ; (2) sense, meaning.
t)y5-leikr, m. attachment, affection ;
-ligr, a. attached, affectionate ; -Iseti,
n. = -leikr.
{)y^r, a. kind, affctionate, affable.
pytS-verska, f. (i) German language
or custom ; (2) G^<?r//z<2;zy( = {)y3versku-
land) ; -verskr, a. German.
JjyfcS, f. (i) theft; (2) stolen goods.
I)yft5r, pp. covered with little hil-
locks (t>urur), uneven, of a field (Jjar
var J)yft mjok).
t)yti, n. theft, stolen goods.
J)yfi-gjold, n. pi. a fine for theft,
j)yfska, f. theft, stolen goods.
Jjyzkr, a. = J)y5verskr (J). soSull).
J)aBgiligr, a. acceptable, agreeable.
l)aegindi, n. pi. pleastire ; gera e-m
e-t til Jjaeginda, /<? ^^7 a thing to please
one.
{)8egja (-v5a, -t5r), v. (i) to make
acceptable ; ( 2) /<? ;z^7<'j'/i roughly, shove,
with dat, ; |>orsteinn {^aegir honum f
bekkinn, Th. pushes him roughly on
the bench.
l)aegr, a. acceptable, agreeable.
poGfa (-c5a, -(Sr), v. (i) to full (]?.
klaeSi) ; (2) to press; p. e-n um li5s-
beina, to press one for help ; (3) to
walk heavily, lu?nber (^cefdi hon j^a
ofan til irinnar) ; (4) refl., Jjoefast vi6,
to quarrel, squabble ; {). til e-s, to
struggle {fight) for a thing (eigi mun
ek lengi ^. til hvilunnar vi3 Jjik).
J)oefa, J)oef tS, f. quarrel, squabble,
Jjoefni, f. disposition to quarrel.
J)6gn (gen. J)agnar), f. silence ; slaer
{). a e-n, ^;Z(? is st?uck dumb.
Jjogull, a. habitually silent, taciturn.
l)6kk (gen. J)akkar, pi. I)akkir), f.
( 1 ) pleasure, liking ; gera e-t til J)akka
G-s,to one's liking, to please a person ;
(2) thanks (Au6r tok t)at me6 {)okk-
um) ; mer er J), a e-u, /<7W thankful
for a thing; kunna e-m J), fyrir e-t,
to be mucJi obliged to one for a thing ;
gera gu5i pakkir fyrir e-t, to thank
God for a thing.
1)611 (gen. J)allar), f. young fir-tree.
i)6mb (gen. |)anibar), f. paufich.
J)6n (gen. Jjanar, pi. panir), f. tenter,
stretcher (J)eir toku gasrur af J)onum).
{)ongull (pi. {)6nglar), m. steiti of
tangle (S. greip upp einn J)5ngulinn).
J)6rf (gen. parfar, pi. l)arfar), f.
want, need, necessity ; e-s er J)., a
thing is wanted, is necessary (hon
kva6 t)ess litla f).) ; e-m er e-s J)., e-m
er J), a e-u, one is in 7ieed of; J)d er J).
verSr, wheti wanted; ef g0rast J)arfar
Jjess, z/" ;z^^^ ^<? ; t)ola J), e-s, /<? /^^ in
want of; fjar sins, er fengit hefir,
skylit ma6r {). J)ola, « wm« should not
stint hijnself of mofiey he has made ;
J)6rfum meirr, more than wanted, ex-
cessively ; e-t kemr vel 1 t)arfar, it
comes to good use, comes in when
wanted; vinna J)., to suffice; kunna
J), (with infin.), to long to, feel im-
pelled to.
j)orf-gi, poet, no need, 7iot needed.
-ffl
[524]
^TIiA
M
BB, inter), ak/ o! oh! (denoting pain\
SB, adv. (l) aye, ever, always (vidvin
eitt 66inn ae lifir) ; as ok 2e,for ever
and ever ; ae jafnan, for ever and aye ;
(2) with compar. ; gljufrin voru se J)vi
breiSari er ofarr dro, the ravine be-
catne ever the b?'oader the higher one
went up ; as sem fyrst, the soonest
possible ; (3) never (ae menn hann
sjilfan um sja).
aetSa-blo^, n. blood running in the
veins ; taka e-m -bio 3, to bleed one.
aB^ar-fugl, m. eiderbird, = aeSr.
eetSr (gen. setSar, dat. and ace. 89(5i ;
pi. artSar), f. eider duck.
8B^r (gen. a9c5ar, dat. and ace. estSi ;
pi. eeSarj, f. vein (bl65 bans var allt
or as5um runnit).
aetSra, f./<?ar, despondency, despair;
masla aeQru, to utter words of despair.
aetSrast (atS), v. refl. to falter from
fear, lose heart (eigi skyldim ver ae.
at leggja til bardaga).
aBt5ru-orc5, n. woi-d of fear (engi
maQr skyldi t)ar -or3 mccla).
8Bfar, adv. very, exceedingly, =2ii^.r,
8Bfi, f. age, etc., see ' asvi '.
aefintyr, n., see ' aevintyr '.
8Bgir (gen. aegis), m. (l) the sea,
ocean, main ; sol gengr 1 aegi, the sun
sets in the sea; (2) the giant ^gir,
the husband of Ran ; ^^gis doetr, tJie
daughters of ^., the waves, billoivs.
aegi-sandr, m. sea-sa7td.
aBJa (aB, at5a, a^j, v. to rest and bait
(ae. hestum sinum) ; absol., J)eir d3u 1
Kerlingardal, they baited their horses
in Carline-dale.
aeligr, a. vile, wretched.
8B-lifr, a. eternal, = eilifr.
8Br (gen. aer, dat. and ace. d; pi. aer,
gen. a, dat. dm), f. ewe (kyr ok asr).
89ra, f. honour (engrar asru verfir).
aera (-t5a, -t), v. to row, pull (from
* d.r '", oar) ; as. undan e-m, to row
away from, retreat before, ofte.
aera (-c5a, -t), v. to give a good crop
(from'dr', year); impers., asrir akr
(ace), the field becomes fertile.
8Br-ligr, a. honest (for. and late).
-aerr, a. -oared, in compds.
asrt, a. n., in the phrase, vel as., ilia
as., a good, bad year or season.
aeru-fullr, a. worthy ; -lauss, a. dis"
ho7iest ; -ligr, a. honourable.
aBS (pi. -ar), f. thread-hole in a shoe,
aesta (aesta, aestr), v. to ask, de^nand,
request (as. e-n e-s) ; a. sdr griSa, to
ask for a truce.
aeta, f. eater, in ' mann-asta'.
-ajti, n. edible thing, in ' uasti '.
8e-tit5, adv. at every time, ever.
8Btla (ac5), V, (i) to think, 7nean,
sitppose (munu ^eir as., at ver hafim
ridit austr) ; hann astla6i henni Iff en
ser dauc^a, he expected life for her, but
death for hitnself; (2) to intend, pur-
pose (ek aetla ok at styrkja Gunnar at
nokkuru) ; J)eir astlufiu ekki lengra {
kveld, they did not intend to go any
farther to-night ; J)at verdr hverr at
vinna, er astlat er, every one must do
the work that is set before him ; ae.
e-m e-t, to set apart for one, allot to
07ie (hann astlaSi |)raelun:i sinum dags-
verk) ; to i7tte7id a thing for 07ie (hann
keypti J)ar pell dgastt, er hann astlaSi
Olafi konungi) ; to expect fro7n 07ie,
suspect 07ie of (J)^r mundi J)at engi
maSr ae.) ; as. ser hof, to keep withi)i
botmds ; as. ser (with infin.), to i7itend,
Picrpose (ef hann astlar ser at keppa
vi3 oss) ; su6r aetla ek mer at ganga,
/ intend to go south (to Rome) ; ae.
fyrir (with infin.), to intend (eru J)at
bin mestu firn, at Jjdr astliQ fyrir at
leggja d allt folk anau6arok) ; ae. e-t
fyrir, to foredoo77i, foreordain (l)at
mun ver8a um forlog okkur sem a6r
er astlat fyrir) ; as. fyrir ser, to think
beforehand, expect (mart ver6r annan
veg en maSrinn astlar fyrir ser) ; ae.
til e-s staSar, to intend to go to a
place (l^eir sigldu nii ok astla til Mikla-
garSs) ; £e. til e-s, to 7'eckon upon,
expect (eigi parftu til pess at as., at ek
ganga vi6 frasndsemi vi6 y6r) ; hann
tok ser bustaS ok astlaSi t)ar landeign
til, he desti7ied a piece of land for that
purpose; (3) refl., astlast, to intend^
^TLAN
[525]
.EVI-LIQA
f>urpose^-=-st\\2L ser (hann asllast at fara
til Jomsborgar) ; as. e-t fyrir, to intend
to do a thitig (ver skuliim halda til
njosn, hvat Olafr astlast fyrir).
retlan, f. (i) thought^ meaning,
opinion (hverja as. harid ^€r um ufri5
t)enna) ; {2) plan, design (brast su as.,
sem adr var gor um atloguna) ; (3)
reason, 7nean:7ig ; J^at er engi as., /he^-e
is no icse thinking of that ; (4) estimate
(meiri fjoldi en hoegt vasri at telja eda
as. k koma).
aBtlanar-ma^r, m, stewajd, = bryti,
raSsmaSr ; -verk, n. task.
sEtni, f., -lostr, m. gluttony.
aetr, a. eatable (allt t)at er astt er).
8Btt (pi. -ir), f. (l) quarter of the
heaven, direction, = att (flugu t)au i
brott bas6i samt 1 somu ae.) ; (2) otie's
family, extraction, pedigree (hann var
soenskr at ae.) ; J)a5an eru komnar
J)rasla asttir, the race of thralls', telja
ai. til e-s, to trace one's pedigree to ;
e-t gengr i £e., // is hereditary, (3)
generation (i ina priSju e6a fj6r6u as.).
asttatJr, pp. descended (hon var
asttuS or Mostr) j ae. vel, iuell-bo?'n,
of good family.
a9ttar-bragc5, n. fajn ly trait ;
-boetir, m. beiterer of o?ie''s family ;
-fer$, f. origin, descent ; -fylgja, f.
family guardian spirit', -gift, f.
family luck ; -gripr, m. heirloo?n ;
-haugr, V[i. family cairn,family tomb ;
-hogg, n, family blow, cciUmiity ;
-mot, n. family likeness (er J)at -mot
med okkr) ; -nafn, n. hereditary title ;
-r6ttr, m. hereditary right ; -riki, n.
hereditary kingdom ; -skart5, n. a loss
{by death) in a family ; -akomm, f. a
disgrace to a family (of a person) ;
-spillir, m.fa??ii/y spoiler, disgracer ;
-svipr, m. = -mot ; -tal, n., -tala, f.
pedgree, ge?tealogy.
aBtt-bdlkr,m. Iineage,fa7nily; -bogi,
m. lineage; -borinn, pp. (i) born,
native ; J)ar -borinn i f»rdndheimi, a
native of Th. ; vel -borinn, well-born,
of good family ; (2) born to, entitled
to by birth ; -borinn til lands, a right-
ful heir of the land', (3) legitimate
(sonr -borinn).
ffltterni, n. (i) descent, extraction^
origin (ekki var margra manna vitorfi
a bans ae.) ; suSreyskr at se., by birth ;
telja as. til e-s, to reckon one' s pedig?-ee
up to a person ; (2) family, kindred,
kinsjnen (J)ar er ae. bans allt).
aatt-folk, n. relations, kinsmen ;
-fr6§r, a. well versed in pedigrees ;
-foersla, f. adoption ; -gangr, m. suc-
cession ; -geigr, m. fiinily calamity ;
-gengr,a. characteristic of one's family,
born in the blood (e-m er e-t -gengt) ;
-g6t5r, a. of good family ', -goetSi, n.
goodness of origiti, rank, high birth ;
-gofugr, a. of noble extraction ; -hagi,
m. = atthagi ; -hringr, m. lineage,
pedigree.
sBttingi (pi. -jar), m. kins)nan.
aett-jorS, f. native country ; -kvisl,
f. a line, branch of family ; -land, n.
one's 7iative land; -leggr, m. stem,
lineage ; -leitSa (-dda, -ddr), v. to
legitimate (a natural child) ; -lei^ing,
f. legitimation (of a natural child) ;
-leiSingr, m. a legititnated child;
-leifS, {.patrimony ; -lera, a. indecl,
degenerate ; -leri, m. a dege?terate
person, a discredit to a family ; -litSr,
m. a link in a pedigree ; -menn, m.
pi. kinsmen ; -nafn, n. a {Christian)
name usual in a family ; -nitSr, m.
descendafit; -rif, n.= -leggr; -smdr,
a. of low extraction ; -storr, a. high-
born ; -stoeri, f. greatfiess of extrac-
tion ; -vig, n. slaying of a ki7isman ;
-visi, f. k7towledge of gc7iealogies.
asva, adv. (i) 7iever (sa er as. t)egir) ;
Gisli kvad t)d visu, er as. skyldi, G.
repeated a verse that he never should ;
(2) at a7ty ti7ne, ever ; ae. ekki, never,
= aeva-gi ; (3) not ( jor6 fannst ae, ne'
upphiminn).
asva-gi, adv. never, = asva ekki.
sevar, rdv. = afar, asfar.
8B-vert5ligr, a. everlasting.
SBvi (gen. aavi), f. (i ) age, time ; hann
var konungr yfir Noregi langa ^.,for
a long time ; um aldr ok ce..,for ever
and ever; alia d^.,for all ti7ne, ever;
in forna (nyja) as., the old [new) era ;
(2) lifethne (helzt J)at allt um bans
as.) ; (3) a life-story, biography = aevi-
saga (hann ritafii as. Noregs konunga).
fiBvi-dagar, m. pi. life-days ; -liga,
^VI-IilGR
[526]
CERSIi
?i^si. for ev3)'\ -ligr, a. everlastings
-lok, n. pi. life's end, death.
sevin-lengd, f. a life's course ; -liga,
adv. /^r ever-^ -ligr, a. everlasting-,
-runar, f. pi. evrrlasti^ig rimes or
mysteries ; -trygSir, f. pi. everlasting
trtice (aldrtrygSir ok -trygSir). _
fiBvintyr, n. (i) adventure ; vita sitt
eplirkomanda asvintyr, to know ones
futicre lot', (2) tale, story.
SBvintyrr, m. = asvintyr,
sevi saga, f. life, biography.
aazka, f. relationship, kinship (vera
1 aszku vi6 e-n).
sezkaSr, pp. = asttaSr.
SBzli, n. cai'rion.
(E
OB^a (oedda, ceddr), v. to make fu-
rious', mostly refl., oeSast, to become
frantic or furious (hestrinn oeddist ok
sleit reipin).
oec5i, f. (i) rage, fury (R. spratt upp
af oe. mikilli ok maslti) ; (2) tnadness,
frenzy.
cetSi, n. nature, disposition, mind,
also ma7i?iers (hann hafQi mjcik d ser
kaupmanns ce.) ; er pat ok ekki vi6
Jjitt oe., // does ?iot suit thee.
cstSi-fullr, a. furious ; -samligr, a.
= -fullr ; -stormr, m. furious gale ;
'QtvoAxaiVym.. furiotis current ; -vetSr,
n. = -stormr ; -verkr, m. furious
pain ; -vindr, m. = -ve5r.
oetSr, a. that may be waded, ford-
able, = voe6r (ain var eigi (De6).
oeSri, a. compar., CBztr, a. superl.
higher, highest', (i) in a local sense ;
uppi ok niSri leitaSa ek oeQra vegar,
up and down I sought for the higher
road ; oeSra ondvegi, cefiri bekkr,
the upper high-seat, higher bench,
opp. to uoe6ra 6., uoeSri b., the lower
high-seat or bench ; (2) fig. higher
{highest) i7i rank or dignity (tolf hof-
go3ar voru ceztir).
oefi-niac5r, m. man ofvioloice.
oefr, a. vehemetit, angry, chafing (var
J)a konungr svd^ ce. ok oerr, at).
oegi-liga, adv. terribly, threate?t'
ingly ; -ligr, a. terrible, awful.
oegir (gen. -is), m. frightener,
terrifier (Engla ce., gumna oe.).
oegis-heimr, m. poet, this world',
-hjalmr, m. helmet of terror; bera
-hj41m yfir e-m, to hold one in azve
and sub7nission ; bera -hjdlm 1 augum,
to have a terror-striking glance.
oegja (-^a, -(5r), v. (i) to make
terrible, exaggerate ; mjok hafa pessir
oegSir verit i frasognum, made moie
terrible thafi they are', (2) to scare,
frighten, with dat. (cegir mdr ekki
J)etta fegjald) ; impers., e-m oegir, one
is afraid (er eigi J)at, at Jser oegi vi6
mik at berjast ?) ; (3) to threaten',
hon oegSi mer af afbrydi, she threat-
ened me in her jealousy ; ce. e-m
pislum, to threaten with tortures,
08gr, a. terrible, = ogurligr.
oeliligr, a. /// to be brought up.
oell, 2,. fit to be fed or harboured.
cemta (-mta, -mt), v. to mutter
(kerlingin oemtir vid innar i hiisinu) ;
oe. e-u or e-m, to say a word to, pay
attention to, take heed of.
oepa (-ta, -t), v. to cry, shout (bonda
miigurinn cepti ok kallaSi, at {)eir
vildi hann til konungs taka) ; ce. upp,
to shout out ; ce. at e-m, oe. a e-n, to
call, cry out to o?ie ; with ace, ce.
herop, sigrop, to raise a war-cry, a
shout of victory.
oera (-(Sa, -'Sr), v. to madden, make
;;2rt^/(illrandi oerSi Saul) ; refl., cerast,
to run mad, run wild (cerast nu hest-
arnir baSir).
ceri, a. compar. younger (engi maSr
oe. en dtjan vetra gamall).
oeri-liga, ?i^v . furioiisly , madly (l^ta
-liga) ; -ligr, a. mad, absurd.
carinn, a. sufficient, — yrinn, yfrinn
(oerin var nauSsyn til J)essa verks) ;
er t»at ok cerit eitt, at, it is quite
sufficiefit that ; cerit id.%x,faire7iough ;
til oerins, siiffiLifntly.
oerr, a. mad, furious (ce. ok 0rvita).
CBrsl, n. pi. 77iadness, frenzy^ taka
CERSIiA
[527]
dFUNDAR-KR6KR
CE., io run mad ; hann gerSi |3at eigi i
cerslum, in fits of madness ; stormr
mikill me3 oerslum, a violent gale.
oersla, f. mad?iess,fury.
CBrsla-fullr, a. raging, ravijig (-full
grimd moQur J)innar) ; -laBti, n. pi.
ravings ; -sott, f. madness,
oesa (-ta, -tr), v. to stir up, excite ;
ce. ufri6, to stir up war; oe. e-n fram,
to egg on ; impers., oesti stonninn sva,
at, the storm became so violent, that ;
refl., oesast, to be stirred upy swell
(votn CEsast, eldr oesist).
oesi-, with adjectives and nouns,
violently^ very (-mikill, -hvatligr) ;
-frost, a sharp frost.
oesi-liga, adv. violently, furiously
(falla votnin -liga) ; -ligr, a. vehement
(-lig sott).
OBsing, f., oesingr, m. vehemence,
fury (me8 sva miklum oesingi, at).
OBsir, m. inciter, stirrer, ringleader.
oeska, f. youth, childhood.
cBski-liga, adv. to one's wishes',
-ligr, a. to be wished (-lig hvild) ; -ligr
sonr, an adopted son.
oeskingar-sonr, m. = oskasonr.
oeskja (-ta, -tr), v. to wish (Jjess
oeski ek, at ek o6iist ilift elif eptir
dauSann) ; oe. e-m e-s {or e-t),to wish
a thing for one.
oe jku-aldr, m. youthful days or age,
youth ; -blomi, m. flower of youth ;
-bragS, n. youthful trick ; -fullr, a.
youth ftd ; -gletSi, f. glee of youth ;
-matSr, m. a youth ; -mot, n. youth-
fulness ; -skeiS, n. the prime of life ;
vera af -skeiSi, to be no longer a
young maft ; -synd, f. sin of one's
youth (-syndir mmar ok ovizkur).
OBstr, pp. excited, ea^er, ardent ; ce.
a imu, eager for fight ; neut. oest as
adv. = oesiliga.
cexl, n. excrescence (on the body).
OBxla (oexlta or cexta, oexltr or
cextr), V. to cause to increase (dvergr-
inn lezt mega oe. ser fe af bauginum);
oexti hon oldrykkjur, she tnade a great
ale-drinking.
oexla (ac5;, v. = oexla (oexlta),
oexling, f. increase.
0-0
otJlast or 0t5last (at5), v. refl. to win,
gain as property, get for oneself (ef
f)u vill o. dstir minar).
ptSli, n. origin, extraction, = eQli.
oSiingr, m. a noble captain, pri?tce.
oSru-vis, -visa, -visi, -visu, adv.
otherwise, in another fnanner.
ofga (acS), v. (i) to reverse (allir
stafir eru ofgadir t)ess nafns [Eva] ok
gort af Ave j ; {2) to distort^ inisrep re-
sent (6. or6 e-s).
oflgast (at5), v. refl. to get strong,
wax (t>a oflgaSist agirni til fjar) ; o'. i
moti e-m, to rise strotig against.
oflugr, a. strong, powerful (mikill
vexti ok o) ; leggja oflga hond d e-n,
to lay violetit hands on 07ie.
oflim, f. gaifi, = aflan.
6flunar-niat5r, m. a good steward.
0fri, 0fstr, see ' efri ', ' efstr '.
ofugr, a. (l) turned the wrong way
with the tail or back foremost \ ganga,
hlaupa o,, to walky leap backward;
drepa, hoggva ofgri hendi, with the
back of the hand; (2) unkind, harsh
(maela ofugt or6 til e-s).
ofund, f. grudge, envy, ill-will,
hatred (sakir ofundar vi3 Noregs
konimg) ; e-m leikr (vex) 6. d e-u, one
envies, feels envy at ; verk J^at var
mc5 hinni mestu o., that act was the
object of the greatest indignation.
ofunda (atS), v. to envy, bear a
grudge against (o. e-n) ; o. vinsasld
e-s, to envy his popularity ; o. e-n vi3
e-n, to disparage one.
ofundar-andi, m. malice ; -blocS, n.
blood shed in enmity ; -bragt5, n.
malicious trick ; -f6, n. money which
is a cause of envy ; -flokkr, m. a troop
of ill-wishers (-menn) ; -fullr, a./«//
of envy ; -grein, f. hostile quarrel ;
-kent, a. n., e-m er -kent til e-s, one
bears malice to a person ; -krokr, m.
Ofundar-lauss
[528]
OMBUN
malicious trick ; -lauss, a. unenvicd ;
-macSr, m. ill-wisher, enemy ; -mal,
n. slander, caliminy ; -or§, n. pi.
words of envy, slander \ -samr, a.
envious ; -verk, n. work of envy ;
-pattr, m. = -verk.
ofund-fullr, a. envious ; -kent, a. n.
= ofundar-kent (e-m er -kent vi3
e-n) ; -lauss, a. unettvied ; -samliga,
adv. enviously ; -samr, a. (i) envious ;
(2) causing envy, e7ivied\ -sjukr, a.
efivious, jealous ; -syki, f. ^;/z'/.
ofusa, f. thanks, gratitude , = aufusa.
ofiisu-gestr, m. a welcome guest.
ogn (gen. agnar, pi. agnar, agnir),
f. chaff, husks (blanda agnar ok sa6ir
vi6 brau6).
ogr, n. inlet, small bay.
0kkvinn, a. thick, clodded (0. hieifr).
<3kla (pi. oklu), n. ankle.
okla-eldr. m. a fire reaching to the
ankles ; -liSr, m. ankle-joint.
okul-brcekr, f. pi. breeches reaching
dowft to the ankles ; -skuatSr, pp.
wearing shoes up to the a?ikles.
oku-vegr, m. carriage road, cart
road (-vegrinn var ekki breidr).
okvisi, m,, see ' aukvisi '.
61 (dat. olvi, gen. pi. olva), n. ale.
61-bekkr, m. ale-bench, drifiking-
bench ; sitja d -bekki, to sit drtnkifig.
61-bogi, m., see ' olnbogi '.
ol-biitS, f. ale-booth.
old (gen. aldar, pi. aldir), f. (i)
tifne, age (var o. bans g66 landsfolk-
inu) ; of allar aldir, tlu-ough all ages ;
at alda 051i, to everlasting possessio?t,
forever; (2) cycle, period; gamla 6.,
the old cycle ; (3) poet., men, people ;
alda born, children of men.
oldr, n. (i) ale (drekka oldr) ; (2)
drin king-party (at oldri ok at ati).
oldr-mal, n. pi. talk over ale.
61-drukkinn, pp. drunk with ale ;
-drykkja,f. ale-drinking; -drykkjar,
m. pi. drinking-jnates.
oldungr (-s,-ar),m. (i) elder, alder-
man ; senator ; (2) hero, champion
(mikinn oldung hofum ver her at velli
lagt) ; (3) old bull.
oldungs-huS, f. hide of an old
bull (hann lastr breiSaeina -hu6).
61dur-matSr, m. alderman, man of
rank ; -mannligr, a. aldermanlike^
portly, venerable.
61-eysill, m. ale-ladle ; -fong, n. pi.
ale- St ores ; -gogn, n. pi. drinking-
vessels ; -g0r6, f. ale-making, brewing.
61g0rc5ar-inaSr. m. brewer.
61-hita, f. ale-brewing; -horn, n.
ale-horn, drinking-horn ; -katr, a.
merry with ale ; -kelda, f. mineral
well; -ker, n. ale-cask ; -kjoU, m.
ale-cauldron ; -krdsir, f. ale-dainties,
ollungis, adv. altogether, quite.
ol-mal, n. pi. talk over ale, table-
talk ; -motSr, a. dull with drink.
olmusa, f. (l) ahns, charity (gera
e-m olmusu) ; (2) imbecile person (eru
J)er J)6 olmusur hja mer).
olmusu - barn, n. pauper child ;
-gjarn, a. charitable; -gjof, f. alms-
giving; -goSr, a. = -gjarn ; -gceSi, f.
charitableness ; -kona, f. poor wo?nan ;
-matSr, m. almsman ; -moli, m. crumb
of charity (J)urfandi -mola).
ol-mseli, n. = olmal, oldrmdl.
oln (gen. alnar, pi. alnar, alnir), f.
{i) fore-arm ; (2) cubit, ell.
61nboga-b6t, f. the hollow of the
arm ; cf. ' kn^sbot '.
oln-bogi, m. elbow.
61-65r, a. drunk (hann var5 -65r).
olr, a. drunk (o. ek var6).
olr, m. alder-tree, = elrir.
61-reifr, a. = -kdtr ; -runar, f. pi. a
kind of runes ; -selja, f. a female cup-
bearer; -siSr, m. a custofn at a drink-
ing-party ; -skal, f. ale-cup ; -stofa, f.
ale-room, drinking-hall.
olstr, n. alder-bush (?).
61-teiti, f. cheer, fnerriment, over
drink ; -teitr, a. = -katr ; -tol, n.
dt'inking-vessel.
61-utS, f. sincerity, affection ; taka vid
e-m me6 -\x6, to give one a hearty
reception ; veita mefi -u3, to give
hospitable treatment.
olutSar-vin, m. sincere friend.
61va(5r, pp. worse for drink, tipsy.
61-vaBrtS, f. = olud (taka vi3 e-m meS
-vasrS) ; -vfflrliga, adv. heartily ;
-vaerr, a. affectionate, kind.
ombun, f. payment for service, re-
ward, return (ef l)eir maetti hafa o.
erfidis sins).
OMBUNA
[529]
OR-ENDR
ombuna (a8), v. io reward, make a
return for (6. e-m e-t).
ombunari, m. rewarder.
omstr, m. stack, rick, = amstr.
omurligr, a. detestable, disgust i7ig.
ond, f. porch, — anddyri.
ond (gen. andar, pi. endr and
andir), f. duck (fundu J)eir par andir
maigar ; endr ok elptr).
ond (gen. andar, dat. ond and
ondu ; pi. andir), f. (i) breath ; draga
ondina, to draw breath ; verpa, varpa
ondu, to draw a sigh ; (2) breath, life ;
tyna ondu, io lose breath, die; fara
ondu e-s, to put to death ; (3) soicl ;
fela gu6i o. sina k hendi, to give over
one's soul i?ito God's hands.
ond-, = and-, before v and u.
ondottr, 2i. fiery, awftil, of the eyes.
dndugi, n. the high-seat, = ondvegi.
ondurSr, a. = ondverfir.
ondurr, m. = andri.
ond-vegi, n. high-seat (sitja f -vegi).
ondvegis-holdr, -mat5r, m. the man
sitting in the high-seat (ondvegi)
opposite to the lord of the house, the
king's first 7nan ; -sula, f. high-seat
post or pillar.
ond-verSa, f. beginn'ng (fyrir -verSu
heims J)essa) ; -vertSliga, adv. early,
at the outset ; -ver^r and -urSr, a.
(l) standing face to face (-urdir skulu
ernir kloast) ; (2) lyi7ig in front ; 1
-urSri fylkingu, in the front of the
battalion ; (3) of time, cofni?tg first,
earlier, forfner (part of a period) ; d
-ver6um vetri, in the beginning of the
wifiter', baeSi -verSar nsetr ok ofan-
ver6ar, both in the bcgi?ining and end
of the night ; af -\e.r6\i,from the begiji-
ning; fyrir -verQu, at the outset.
0ngd, f. strait, affliction.
ong-, png-leiki, m. siraitness, nar-
rowness ; -liga, adv. in straits (-liga
staddr).
0ngr (ace. -van),pron. no?ie, = engi.
ongr and 0ngr, a. narrow, strait.
ongull (pi. onglar), n\. fish-hook.
0ngva (-cSa, -$r), v. to straiten,
oppress (0. e-m).
ongva (ac5), v. to press (o. saman).
ongvar, f. pi. straits ; aka or ongum,
to get out of a strait.
ICKL. DICT.
0ngving, f. distress, affliction.
6ng-vit, n. fai7iting-fit, swoon, =
uvit (falla f -vit) ; -vasrr, a. in a7iguish,
distressed', -I)veiti, n. straits; koma
i -J)veiti, to get into a strait.
6nn (gen. annar, pi. annir), f. (i)
work, busi7iess, trouble ; hann var 1
mikilli o., very busy ; fa e-m 6., to
give one trouble ; (2j pi. annir, work-
i7ig season, esp. the hay-77iaki7ig seaso7i
(en petta var of annir).
onn, f. for ' ond ' = anddyri (?).
onn-kostr, m., in the phrase, fyrir
-kost, i7ite7itionally, pu7'posely ; sigla
ski pi i. sker fyrir -kost, to run a ship
ashore purposely.
onnugr, a. busy (6. f e-u).
onnungr, m. labourer, toiler.
onniings-verk, n. hard work.
or (gen. -var, pi. -var), f. arrow,
skjota oru, to shoot an arrow ; fre-
quently used as a token sent round to
summon a meeting (skera or, skera or
upp) ; cf. * heror '.
0r-, a prefixed particle, prop. = or ;
also spelt eyr-, er- (eyrendi, erendi).
0r-bjarga, a. indecl. helpless.
orc5 (gen. arSar), f. C7'op, produce.
oitSga or orga (aS), v. to raise y
lift (6. augum) ; orSgast upp sem leo,
to rise to one' s feet like a lion.
ortSigr, a. (i) erect, upright, rising
on e7id ; riss hestrinn o. undir honum,
the horse rears U7ider him; (2) fig.
difiicult, arduous (en hitt mun mer
orfiigra J)ykkja at luta til Selporis) ;
(3) harsh, hard (sumt J)ykkir heldr
orSigt i orSum konungs).
6r-drag, n. arrow-shot, used to ex-
press distance (Sveinki mun eigi flyja
eitt -drag).
0r-eigt5, f. utter poverty, destitution ;
-eigi, m. indige7it {destitute) person ;
a. indecl. destitute, poor; -eign, f. =
-eig6 (oreignarinnar eldr).
0r-endi (from ' 0r * and * ond '), n. (i )
breath ; e-n J)rytr -endit, 07ie's breath
fails, one loses breath ; {'orr J)reytir d
drykkjuna, sem honum vannst til
-endi, Thor drank hard while his
breath lasted ; (2) strophe, stanza (of a
poem) ; cf. ' erendi, eyrendi, eyrindi ' ;
-endr, a. having breathed one's last^
M m
OR-FALR
[530]
0II-TAKA
dead (hon hn6 i fang bonda slnum ok
var J)a -end) ; cf. ' eyrendr '.
6r-falr, m. socket of an cu row-head,
0r-ferS, f. fate, doom ; -firi, n.,
-:Qara, f. an out-going, ebbi7ig.
orga (aS), v. = ordga (6. augunum).
0r-gdti, m. cheer, fare.
orglast (a6), v. refl. to rise up (hann
orglaQist J)egar d foetr).
0r-grynni, n. coimtless multitude,
= ugrynni ; -hilpr, a. helpless ;
-hjarta, a. indecl. out of heart, having
lost heart ; -hof, -hcefi, n. = -of, -oefi.
ork (gen. arkar and erkr, pi. arkir),
f. (i) ark, chest (gengr Vigdis inn ok
til erkr peirar, er f>. atti) ; (2) coffi7i,
0rkn, n. a kind of seal.
0r-kola, a. indecl. burnt out; fig.,
ver5r -kola fyrir morgum, many are
at the end of their resources ; -kosta,
f. good fare, provisions ; -kostr, m.
(l) resource, means ; (2) abundance
(-kostr hvera) ; -kuml, -kumbl, n.
lasting scar, bodily blemish, 7tiaimi7ig,
i7iutilatio7i (lifa vi6 -kuml) ; -kumla
(acS), V. to 7naiin, 77iutilate\ -kumla6r
ma6r, a 77iai/>ied i7tvalid.
0rkunila-lauss, a. U7i77iai77ied, un-
ble77iished \ sa madr fell ok var6 aldri
-lauss meSan hann lif6i, he was ever
after a cripple so long as he lived;
-matSr, m. = 0rkumla6r ma8r.
0r-kunnast (a$), v. refl. to de-
ge7ierate ; -kymsl, n. 77tai7n= -kuml ;
-kynja. a. indecl. dege7ierate ; -kynj-
ast (aS), V. to dege7ierate (-kynjazt
hefir J)u ok afspringi fo6ur J)ins me6
l)er).
0rlags-J)raor, m. thread of life.
6r-latr, a. open-handed; -leikr, m.
liberality, 7mi7iifc£7ice.
0r-lendast, -lendis, -lendr, a., see
*erlendast ', &c.
6r-liga, adv. largely, abundantly ;
»ligr, a. abu7ida7it (-ligr avoxtr) ;
'lyndi, f. bou7it!ful 77ii7id', -lyndr, a.
(1) bountiftcl, liberal, free-ha7ided ;
(2) i77ipeticous, headstro7ig ; -laBti, n.
liberality, cha7'-itableness.
0r-lygi, n. fight, war; -log, n. pi.
fate, doo77i, fortunes (segja fyrir, sja
fyrir, -log manna) ; J)at er likast, at
lidin s^ mm -log, that 77iy life-ti77te is
at an end; ef nornir rd3a -logum
manna, if the Norns rule over the
fortu7ies of 7ne7i.
0rl6g-lauss, ^..futio-eless, with for-
tii7ie still undecided ; -simu, n. pi.,
-peettir, m. pi. threads, stratids of
fate (sn0ru af afli -J)attu).
6r-malr, m. a7-row-case, quiver,
or-malugr, a. hasty of speech.
0r-niul, n. pi. re77i7iants, t7-aces (engi
-mul fundust af Hareki),
or-maBlir, Wi.qiciver, = orva-mselir.
orn (gen. arnar, pi. ernir, ace.
ornu), m. eagle (gunni at heyja ok
glaSa ornu).
prna, gen. pi. ; see ' erendi '.
0r-nafn, -nefni, n. local 7ia}ne (hann
skyldi af hans nafni 0rnefni gefa).
6r-or^r, a. hasty of speech, frank,
outspoken, = ormalugr.
0r-6f, n. ii7i77ie7isity (-of manna ok
vapna) ; -ofi vetra ^6r vasri j6r6 of
skopu3, winters tinnu77ibered ere earth
was fashio7ied.
0rr, n. scar (hann hafSi 0. f andliti).
orr (ace. orvan), a. ( i ) swift, ready ;
neut., oxt,fast; isinn rak svd. ort, at,
the ice drifted so fist, that ; (2) liberal,
ope7i-harided (alira manna orvastr) ;
neut., ort, fully, quite ; eigi ort halfr
fj6r6i tugr manna, not q nte thirty -five
77ien ; (3) active, ene/getic.
0rr6ttr, a. scarred, cove7ed with
scars (hendr 0rr6ttar).
0r-sauc5i, a. sheepless, = sau91auss ;
-sekr, a. ' clear of guut ', free ;
-skamma, a. indecl. sha77ieless, U7i'
blushi7tg; -skemd, f. a great sha77ie,
disgrace ; -skemmiliga, adv. sha77ie-
lessly, unblushingly.
0rskipta-rQa(5r, m. a?t eccentric,
ove7-beari7ig ferson.
0r-Bkipti, n. pi. ecce7itricity, strange
affairs ; segja frd nokkurs konar
-skiptum, to 7'elate stra7ige thi7tgs.
or-skot, n. arrow-shot, = -drag.
orskots-helgr, f. asyUwi or sa7iC'
tuary within arrow-shot; -lengd, f.
ra>ige of a7i arrow.
or-skreitSr, a. swift-glidi7ig, of a
ship (skipin voru orskreidj.
0r-taka,a. indecl. losing 07t^s grasp;
verQa -taka, to lose hold.
dRTOG
[531]
6XL
0rto5, f. an old Norse weight, —
a third part of an ounce (eyrir).
0r-usga (aS), v. to comfort ; -ugga
sik, to cheer on/s heart, take heart.
0rugg-leikr, m. (i) security, confi-
dence; [2) fearlessness; -liga, adv.
unfailingly, without fear, boldly,
0r-uggr, a. (i) out of danger, safe,
secure ; {2) fearless, imdaunted (-uggr
i framgongu) ; (3) resolved (peir voru
-uggir i pvi at firrast Noreg sem
mest) ; (4) trusty, to be relied on (gefiQ
eignir J)eim, sem y6r eru -uggir) ; of
things, safe (-uggr iss, -uggt fylgsni).
orva (a5), V. /i? incite.
orva-drif, n., -drifa, f. shower of
arrows ; -Aug, n. flight of arrows ;
-malr, -melr, -maBlir, m. quiver.
orvar-boS, n. a message or summons
by an arrow ; -drag, n. = ordrag ;
-oddr, m. arrow-point, arrow-h:ad\
-skapt, n. shaft of an arrow ; -skot,
n. = orskot ; -skurt5r, m. despatching
a7i arrow-jnessage ; -J)mg, n. an
assembly sunimoned by fneans of an
arrow-tnessage.
pr-vasi, a. decrepit, worn out (gamall
ok allnaer -vasi at aldri) ; 4-vasa aldri,
in ones old age.
prvendr, a. left-handed (0. maSr).
0r-verpi, n. decrepitude (?).
0r-vilnan. f. despair, despondency;
-vilnast (aS^ v. refl. to despair (-viln-
ast e-s) ; -viti, a. out of one's senses,
frantic, mad ; banvaenn ok naer -viti,
sinking fast and well-nigh senseless ;
-vinan, f. vinegar; -vsBna, f. any-
thing beyofid hope ; mer er Sveins a
engri stundu -vaena, / may expect S.
at a?iy time ; -vasni, n. ' non-expecta-
tion ' ; vissi engi bans nattstad, ok
engi bans -Vccni, fiobody knew whe7i
he 7night ?iot be expected, no one felt
safe from him ; -vgenliga, adv.
feigfiedly ; lata -vasnliga, to feign,
make believe ; -v8Bnn, a. beyond ex-
pectation, past hope ; fyrir hann var
einskis -vasnt, anythi?ig might be ex-
pected from him ; eigi er -vient, at, it
is not unlikely, it is to be looked for,
that (eigi er -vasnt, at skjott steypist
bans riki) ; -vaenta (-nta, -nt), v. to
despair, with gen. ; einskis ills -vaenti
ck fyrir y^r, there is no wicked thing
that may not be expected from you ;
-vasnta ser e-s, to despair of; refl.,
-vasntast e-s = -vaenta ser e-s ;
-vflBntan, f. despair, hopelessness ;
-vaBtta, V, = -vaenta (Danir 0rva£ntu
ser sigrs).
0rt)rif-ra$a, a. indecl. destitute of
expedieyits, at a loss what to do (Vagn
verSr eigi -ra5a).
0rt)rifa-ra^i, a. = 0rprifrd(5a.
0r-oefi, n. an open, harbour I ess coast-
la7id (fyrir bafnleysis sakir ok -cefis).
6.ikra (at5), v. to roar, bellow.
03kran, f. roari7ig, bellozui7ig.
oskran-ligr, a. horrible, = oskur-
ligr (op mikit ok -Hgt).
osku-, gen. from ' aska ' ; -bakatSr,
pp. baked in ashes ; -dagr, m. Ash
Wednesday ; -dreiftSr, pp. besprinkled
with ashes ; -dyngja, f. heap of ashes ;
-fall, v^. fall of ashes (from a volcano) ;
-folr, a. ash-pale, pale as ashes ;
-haugr, m. = -dyngja ; -otSins-dagr,
m. = -dagr.
oskur-liga, adv. horribly, hideously
(oepa -ligaj ; -ligr, a. hideous, terrible
(belja -ligri roddu).
osla (a6), v. to wade or splash (bon
oslar aptr til meginlands).
osnu-ligr, a. like a she-ass ; -ligr
kvern-steinn, the upper 7nill-st07ie
(mola asinaria).
osp (gen. aspar, pi. aspir), f. aspen-
tree (einstoed sem 6. i bolti).
otu-foerr, a. able to fight, of a horse.
0x (gen. pxar, exar, dat. and ace.
0xi, exi, pi. 0xar, exar), f. axe (hann
haf6i i hendi 0xi mikla).
0xa (at5), V. to cut or shape with an
axe (o. kirkjuvi^).
0xar - ^zz* f« ^(^.s:^ of ^^^ «-^^ ;
-hamarr, m. back of a7i axe.
0xarhaniars-b6gg, n. a blow with
the back of a7i axe.
0xar-hyrna, f. the hooked point of
a7t axe-blade ; -skapt, n. handle of
an axe ; -taiga, f. cutting with a7i
axe (bvirki hamarshogg ne -tdlga).
0xa-tr6, n. a beam on the house-wall
for hangi7ig up axes.
6x1 (gen. axlar, pi. axlir), f. (i)
shoulder- joi7it, shoulder (bendr bl65-
OXL
[532]
OXUL-TRE
gar upp til axla) ; hann hafSi cxi um
6x1, he carried an axe over his
shoulder \ sat f>orkell upp vi6 o., Ih.
sat half up, leatiing on his ar?ti ; lita
um 6., to look over one's shoulder ; (2)
fig. the shoulder of a mountaifi (en er
\)€\x komu inn fyrir oxlina) ; (3) axle
= oxull.
0xn, m. pi., see ' oxi '.
oxull, m. axle (himinn synist um pser
veltast sem hvel um oxul).
6xul-tr6, n. axle-lree.
ADDITIONS
afr, a. strong (a. f tvau ^ss brotnaSi).
al-vitr, {.fairy maid^ Valkyrie.
atritS. n. vwveinent \ hann hafSi allt
eitt atriSit, he did both things at once.
beiti, n. heather (beiti tekr vi6 bit-
sottum).
bekk-soemr, a. adorning the bench.
bjotS, f. 7?^/ /«;/<^; d5r Bors synir
bjoSum of yptu, ere the sons of B.
raised the ground.
bot-leysi, n. ^ bootlessness^ '^ lemja
e-n til -leysis, past reparation.
braukun or brokiin, f. ? violent
behaviour (b. beiserkja).
bolva-fullr, a. hapless, cursed.
eld-skitSa, f. = eldski5, eldiski6.
(feigr, a.) ; add, dead (fyllist fjorvi
feigra manna).
fe-skylmt, a. n. = feskylft.
§61-nytr, a. useful in 7nany ways.
^6r-lok, n. pi. end of life, death.
flaugun, {. fly i?ig, flight.
folk-djarfr, a. brave in battle ; -litS-
endr, m. pi. wayfarers ; -rse^i, n. rule
over people \ -vitr, f. ^battle wight \
Valkyrie.
fritS-drjugr, a. peaceful.
faalt, adv./^c^r/"^<;//>', in fearful mood
(fora f. t)eygi).
geir-mimir, m. poet, warrior.
geir-njorSr, m. poet, warrior.
genginn, pp. gone, dead.
geymiliga, adv. = gaetiliga,
gifr, a. poet, bloodthirsty, savage.
glugga-pykkn, f. de7ise clouds with
openings ift them.
Grettis-haf, -tak, n. Grettir's lift.
(grunr, m.) ; add, um grun, by guile
(sem t)etta vasri eigi um grun gort).
gylfi, ui. prince, king (poet.).
g0r6ttr, a. poisonous (g. er drykkr-
inn, i\ !).
hags-munir, m. ^\.profit, advantage,
hald-kva3mast (d), v. refl. to avails
be of use to (-kva^mast e-m).
ha, i.hide (hangir me3 ham).
hala, f. giafitess ; halu skaer, wolf
(poet.).
half-neytr, a. * half -good ' ; l)6tti
Birni eigi verren -neytt, J)6 2X,B.wa$
but half-loath, though.
(heil-rat5r, a.) ; add, taking whole-
some counsel.
heljast, V. refl. to work hard (hann
heljast i. skalasmiS).
hjalm-vitr, f. ' helm-wight ', Val-
kyrie.
hlaut-vi?5r, m. rod immersed in
sacrificial blood, divination rod.
hl6Sr, a. fajnous, renowned {T).
hnit-broSir, m. ' 7iear brother\
hr0c5ast, v. refl. to grow old and
decrepit.
hrotSuSr, m. ^ the swift one*, poet,
name oifire.
hr0rast, v. refl. = hroSast.
hugat, 2idv. frankly, siftcerely (maela
hugat).
(hverr, m.) ; add, holtriSa h., ' rock-
cauldron ', cave.
hvorfun, f. vacillation ; d h., waver-
ing (var d h. hugr minn of pat).
hvotun, f. instigation, egging ; ganga
at h. e-s, to follow one's eggiftg.
hy-rog, n. servants* slander {quar-
relling).
(haBttr, a.) ; add, (5) doubtful, un-
certain.
(hofn, f.) ; add, (5) crew, = skips-
hofn.
igcSa, f. a ki?id of sinall bird.
inn-:Qalgr, a. hot, burning (tdr
innfjalgt).
isarn-borg, f. iron plating of a ship
534
ADDITIONS
(poet.) ; -kol, -kul, n. iron chill or
coldness.
1-vera, f. * dwelling-in' (kjosa sdr
sta6 til iveru).
i-vist, f. = ivera ; hi5s til fvistar, a
house to dwell in.
jarp-skamr, m. ' the brown pygmy''
(viz. Erpr).
kafinn, pp. from 'kefja', fig. ab-
sorbed.
(lauga, V.) ; add, to coat, overlay
(skjoldr laugaSr i rauSu gulli).
la, f. (?) blood, (?) warmth.
(leggja, V.) ; add, 1. niSr f(f, to
slaughter sheep (haf frjdlst J)at, sem
J)u hefir niSur lagt af fe varu).
lind, f. source, spfing ; lindar logi,
gold (poet.).
(lind, f. (i)) ; add, lindar \i.(S\,Jire
(poet.)-
licSendr, m.pl. wayfarers (ok by3rat
liSondum lo6).
(lyf, n.) ; add, ekki 1., nought, not
the least.
manns-licS, n. a maifs aid.
marka-menn, m. pi. 'for est -men ',
outlaws, robbers.
(nial,n.) ; add, (12) three mo7iths (m.
ok misseri).
mj6-fingra(5r, a. slender-fingered.
mun-raS, n. dearest wish (hef k mi'ns
foQur -rd6 brotit).
msB-fingr, a. = mjofingraSr.
(maela, v.) ; add, m. ? er konu, tocourt
{woo) a lady (ef \)\x vilt J)er m. man).
(nenna, v.) ; add, n. e-m, to attend
on one, to gra7tt one's love to one.
neppr, a. {\) overcome, fainting', (2)
deadly^ (.?).
(niojar, m. pi.) ; add, ancestors.
nj6snar-for, f. spying jomitey,
(opt)-sinnis, -sinnum, adv. of ten-
times.
(ortS) -svif, n. rtwwur.
(orka, V. 3) ; add^ o. A, to begin ;
orkum ekki a fyrri, let us not be the
first to attack.
organs-meistari, m. organ-builder.
(orma) -latr, n. =»= orma-basli.
(orm) -ligr, a. fig. sly, cunni?ig.
cgn, f. poet, river ; ognar \]6m\,gold.
on, f. = van (on es |)ess engi).
piningar-stat5r, m. = pislarstaSr.
(pislar)-tic5, f. time of passion.
(pr6dikara)-br6t$ir, m. Dominican
friar.
(prett)-visliga, adv. deceitfully,
(purpura)-pell, n. costly stuff.
(rang)-leikr, m. = ranglseti.
(rang)-semi, f. unrighteous?iess.
rati, m. the name of Odin's gimlet.
(rautSa,f.) J add, (2) red colour \ (3)
blood.
(raust, f.) ; add, renna raustum, to
sing.
(lacSa, V.) ; add, vel hefir or raSizt,
tiling have turned out well.
(rac5a-hagr, m. (i)) ; 2id^, way of life
(mi vil ek breyta r^Sahag okkrum) ;
-leitan, f. asking in marriage.
(reifa, v. (4)), add, pat mun eigi goSu
r., that will bear no good.
reini, m. stone horse, stallion.
rendr, a. <^r/w;;z<?<^ (skjoldr jarni r.).
rengi, n. the eatable fibrous substance
from the plaited undersurface of the
rorqual.
retti, n. stretching', rifja r., rib-
stretching.
(r§ttr, m.) ; add, (6) storm, heavy
sea (fengu J)eir rett mikinn ; skipit var
lekt ok J)oldi ilia rettinn).
rinna, v. «= renna (rann).
(ryma, v.) ; add, rymdi Grettir ^i
fram a golfit, then G. stepped forth on
the floor.
sann-raSinn, pp. verily betrayed.
skegg-cld, f. age of axes (skeggold,
skalmold) ; cf. * skeggja '.
(skemma, f.) ; add, storehouse.
skits, n. lintel ; hur6 vdr i. skiSi, the
door was shut.
skoll-viss, a. ^skilled in tricks'', de-
ceitful (-vis kona).
skuld, f. = skyld ; fyrir J)ann ( = t)^)
s., at, because that.
slyt5ra, {.fibre.
snaefugr, a. = snefugr.
sonar-blot, n., etc., see ' sonar-blot'
{sonar- is probably the correct form
= OE. sunor, herd of swine).
sveip-viss, a. treacherous, false.
sypa (only pret. pi. s6t5u, pp. s6tSr,
scetSr), V. to fasten together (the outer
planking in a ship or boat).
seeing, f. sacrifice, sacrificial beast.
ADDITIONS
535
tilt, a. n. peaceful'^ bera t. me3
tveim, to set goodwill between two.
urcSr, m. bcme, airse (u. oSlinga).
utidyra-umtuningr, va. Jitti?tgs of
the outer-door.
va-sjaldan, adv. very seldom.
(vekja, V.) ; add, verjum hendr Vc'lrar,
ef J)eir vekja fyrri vi6 oss, if Ihey be the
first to quarrel with us.
vili-sess, m. j)kasant seat (?).
(visa, a.) ; add, acquai?iied with
(dvergar veggbergs visir}.
vitka, V. to blame (v. e-n e-s).
yggjungr, m. ' the wise one^ ; y. ^sa,
Odin.
yg-gr, a. anxious (yggt vas Jieim
si3an).
I)aki(Sr, pp. from *J)ekja'; kunna
mjot J)akinna nasfra, to know how
many bark-flakes to use in thatching.
p^li, in the phr. at aldar 06li, in ever-
last rng possession.
orku-fotr, m. the foot of a chest.
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[545]
A LIST OF IRREGULAR FORMS.
I. Verbal Forms.
ann, annt, from unna«
ar6i, from erja.
atti, from etja.
a, att, from eiga.
a6i, ait, from aeja.
at, azt, atu, from eta.
ba5, ba3u, from biSja,
bar, baru, from bera.
barSi, from berja.
barg, from bjarga.
batt, bazt, from binda.
bau3, bautt, from bj66a.
be3i6. from bi3ja and bi5a.
beid, bi3u, from bI3a,
belt, bitu, from bita.
bergr, from bjarga.
bittu, from binda.
bjo, bjoggu, bjuggu, from bua.
blend, from blanda,
bles, from blasa.
blet, blett, from biota and
blanda.
bJaes, from blasa.
boSinn, bu3u, from bjoSa.
borginn, from bjarga.
borinn, from bera.
brann, from brenna.
brast, biustu, from bresta.
braut, brotinn, from brjota.
bra, brygSi, from bregja.
brostinn, brysti, from bresta.
brugSinn, from breg3a.
brunninn, from brenna.
bryt, bryti, from brjota.
bundinn, from binda.
byndi, from binda.
byrgi, from bjarga.
by, from biia.
byd, by6i, from bj63a.
bae3i, from biSja.
baeri, from bera.
datt, dottinn, from detta.
dciinn, from deyja.
do, dnei, from deyja.
drakk, from drekka.
drap, drapu, from drepa.
draup, drojyit, from drjiipa.
dreg, from draga.
dreginn, from draga.
dreif, drifinn, from drifa.
dro, drogu, from draga.
drukkinn, from drekka.
drundi, from drynja.
drykki, from drekka.
dryp, from drjiipa.
droegi, from draga.
dul3i, dult, from dylja.
dun3i, from dynja.
duttu, from detta.
dii3i, from dyja.
dval3i, dvalit, from dvelja.
dyg3i, from duga.
dytti, from detta.
dcei, from deyja.
ek, from aka.
el, from ala.
em, er, eru, from vera.
eyk, from auka.
eys, from ansa.
fal, falu, from fela.
fann, from finna.
fat, fatu, from feta.
fauk, from fjiika.
fekk, fenginn, from fa.
feld, felt, from falda.
fell, from falla.
fell, from falla.
ferr, from fara.
fi3r = finnr, from finna.
flatti, from fletja.
liaug, flo, from fljnga.
flaut, flutu, from fljuta.
floginn, from tljiiga.
fiolinn, from fljota.
flo, from flyja.
flo, flogu, fleginn, from fa.
flutti, from fiytja.
flyg, flygi, from fljiiga.
flyt, flyti, from fljota.
flae, from fla.
floegi, from fla.
fokinn, from fjuka,
folginn, from fela.
for, foru, from fara.
fram3i, from fremja.
fraus, frusu, frosinn, frorinn,
from frjosa.
fra, fragu, from fregna.
frys, frysi, from frjusa.
fromd, from fremja.
fundi nn, from finna.
fyndi, from finna.
fyk, fyki, from fjuka.
fae, from fa.
faeli, from fela.
gaf, gafii, from gefa,
gakk, from ganga.
gall, from gjalla.
gait, from gjalda.
gat, gatu, from geta.
gaus, gusu, from gjosa.
gaut, gotinn, from gjoia.
gein, ginu, from gina.
gekk, gengu, gengit, from
ganga.
geld, from gjalda.
gellr, from gjalla.
geng, from ganga.
gladdi, glatt, from gle3ja.
glap3i, from glepja.
glumdi, from glymja.
glodd, from gledja.
gnast, gnustu, from gnesta.
gny, from gniia.
gnyr, from gmia.
gnori, gneri, from gmia.
goldinn, guldu, from gjalda,
gollit, gullu, from gjalla.
gosit, gusu, from gjosa.
gotinn, gutu, from gjota.
go, from geyja.
gol, from gala.
gram3i, from gremja.
gref, from grata,
gret, from grata,
grof, from grafa.
grce, from groa.
groefi, from grafa.
graet, from grata,
grori, greri, from groa.
gyldi, from gjalda.
gylli, from gjalla.
gyss, gysi, from gjosa,
gaedi, from ga.
gaefi, from gefa.
goeli, from gala.
gaeti, from geta.
gcett, from goe3a,
halp, from hjalpa.
hamdi, from hemja.
ha3i, hai3, from heyja.
hefi, hef3i, from hat a.
hekk, hengu, from hanga.
N n
546
LIST OF IRREGULAR FORMS
held, from halda.
helpr, from hjalpa.
h^lt, from halda.
het, from heita.
hjo, hjoggu, from hoggva.
hlaut, hlutu, from hljota.
hle6, from hlaSa.
h legit, from hlaeja.
hleyp, from hlaupa.
hljop, hlupu, hlypi, hloeps
from hlaupa.
hlotinn, from hljota.
hlo, hlogu, from hlaeja.
hl65, from hlaSa.
hlyt, from hljota,
hnau6, hno6inn, from hnju6:i.
hnaus, from hnjosa.
hneig, hne, hnigiiin, from
hniga.
hneit, hnitu, from hnita.
hnugginn, from hnoggva.
hnys, from hnjosa.
holpinii, from hjalpa.
horfinn, from hverfa.
hof, from hefja.
hrakSi, from hrekja.
hratt, hritt, from hrinda.
hrtu6, from hrj66a,
hraut, hrutu, hrotit, from
hrjola.
hreif, hrifinn, from hrifa.
hrein, from hn'na.
hro3inn, from hrj63a.
hrokkit, hrukku, hrykki, from
hrokkva.
hrundi, from hryiija.
hrundinn, from hrinda.
hryndi, from hrinda.
hry6, from hrj63a.
hrys, from hrjosa.
hug3i, from hyggja.
hul3i, hulit, from hylja.
hulpu, hylpi, from hjalpa.
hurfu, hyrfi, from hverfa.
hvatti, from hvetja.
hvein, from hvina.
hvott, from hvetja.
hcefi, from hefja.
h6f&, from ha fa.
hoggvinn, from hoggva.
)6k, from auka.
jos, from ausa.
kaf6i, from kef] a.
kann, from kunna.
kaus, from kjosa.
kell, from kala.
kemr, k^mir, from koma.
keypti, from kaiipa.
kori, keyri, from kjosa.
klak6i, from klekja.
klauf, klufu, klofinn, from
kljiifa.
kleif, klifu, from klifa.
klo, kleginn, from kla.
klyf, klyfi, from kljiifa.
knegum, from kna.
knu3i, kmiinn, from knyja.
kosiun, from kjosa.
k66u, from kveSa.
kol, from kala.
komu, from koma.
kraf&i, from krefja.
kram5i, from kremja.
kraup, krupu, kropinn, from
krjiipa.
krufSi, from kryfja.
kryp, krypi, from krjupa.
kva3, kvaSu, from kve6.i.
kvaddi, kvatt, from kveSja.
kvalfli, from kvelja.
kvamu, kvaemi, kcemi, from
koma.
kvodd, from kve3ja.
kvol3, from kvelja.
kynni, from kumia.
kys, kysi, from kjosa.
koeli, from kala.
Iag6i, lagt, from leggja.
lak, laku, from leka.
Iam3i, from lemja.
Iap3i, from lepja.
las, lasu, from lesa.
latti, from letja.
laiig, from Ijuga,
lauk, from liika.
laust, from Ijosta.
laut, from luta.
la, latt, lagu, leginn, from
le, le3i, from Ija.
lek, from leika.
leiS, li9inn, from liSa.
leit, litu, litinn, from lita.
loginn, from Iji'iga.
lokinn, luku, from hika.
lostinn, lustu, from Ijosta,
lotinn, lutu, from liita.
16, lott, from Ijiiga.
Iuk3i, from lykja.
liiinn, from lyja.
\y^g, lygi, from Ijiiga.
lyk, lyki, from liika.
lyt, lyti, from liita,
laegi, from Hggja.
laeki, from leka,
laet, from lata.
16g3, from leggja.
man, from muna, munu
mar6i, from merja.
mat, matu, from meta.
ma, matti, maetti, from mega.
meig, from miga.
niol, from mala.
mul3i, from my Ija.
myndi, or mondi, from munu.
moeli, from mala.
maetti, from mega.
nam, namu, from nema.
naut, nutu, notinn, nyt, from
njuta.
numinn, from nema.
naemi, from nema.
ofinn, from vefa.
olii, from valda.
ollinn, from vella.
oltinn, from velta.
or6inn, from ver6a.
orpinn, from verpa.
orti, ort, from yrkja.
63, 63u, from va3a,
of, ofu, from vefa.
6k, from aka.
61, from ala.
6ru, from vera,
ox, 6xu, from vaxa.
rak, raku, from reka.
rakSi, from rekja.
rann, from renna.
raud, ru3u, from rj63a.
rauf, rufii, from rjiifa.
rauk, ruku, from rjiika.
raut, rutu, from rjota,
r^3, re3u, from ra3a.
reid, ri3inn, from ri3a.
reif, rifinn, from rifa.
reis, risinn, from risa.
reist, ristu, from rist.i.
reit, ritinn, from rita.
ro, i.e. ero, from vera.
ro3inn, from rj63a.
rofinn, from rjufa.
rokinn, from rjuka.
ruddi, rutt, from ry3ja.
runninn, from renna.
ry3, ry3i, from rj63a.
ryf, ryfi, from rjiifa.
ryk, ryki, from rjiika.
roe, from r6a.
rae3, from rada.
rori, reri, from roa.
saddi, from seSia.
VERBAL FORMS
547
sagfti, sagt, from segja.
sain5i, from semja.
sar6, from serSa.
sat, satu, from sitja.
saud, from sjo6a.
saug and so, from sjuga.
saung (song), from syngja.
saup, from siipa.
sa, satt, from sja.
s^, ser, sem, se3, from vera.
se, se8u, s6nn, from sja.
se6u, from syja.
sef, sof, from sofa.
seig and se, sigu, siginn, from
siga.
seri, sori, from sa.
seti6, from sitja.
skaddi, from ske6ja.
skal, skalt, from skulu,
skalf, from skjalfa.
skall, from skjalla.
skap6i, from skepja.
skar, skuru, from skera.
skaut, from skjota.
skef, from skafa.
skein, skinu, skininn, from
skina.
skek, from skaka.
skekinn, from skaka,
skelf, from skjalfa.
skellr, from skjalla.
skorinn, from skera.
skotinn, from skjota.
skof, skofu, from skafa.
skok, from skaka.
skop, from skapa.
skrapp, sknppu, skroppinn,
from skreppa.
skreiS, skriSu, from skri6a.
skulfu, skolfiS, from skjalfa.
skullu, skolliS, from skjalla.
skutu, skyti, from skjota.
skyldi, from skulu.
skylli, from skjalla.
skodd, from ske5ja.
slapp, sluppu, from sleppa.
sleginn, from sla.
sleit, slitu, slitinn, from slita.
sloppinn, from sleppa.
sl6, slogu, from sla.
slungu, from sltingva.
slae, from sla.
small, from smella.
smaug, smo, smoginn, from
smjiiga.
smurSi, from smyrja.
smyg, from smjuga.
snart, snurtu, snyrti, snortmn,
from snerta.
sneiS, sniSinn, from sniSa.
sny, from sniia.
snori, sneri, from smia,
softiim, from sj66a.
soginn, from sjiiga.
sokkinn, from sokkva.
solginn, from svelgja.
sollinn, from svella.
soltinn, from svelta.
sopinn, from siipa.
sorSinn, from ser&a.
sorfinn, from sverfa.
sur, soru, from sverja.
sotti, sott, from soekja,
spauSi, from spenja.
spann, from spinna.
spjo, from spyja.
sprakk, sprungu, sprunginn,
from springa.
spratt, spruttu, sprottinn, from
spretta.
spunninn, from spinna.
spurSi, spurt, from spyrja,
spcinS, from spenja.
staSiS, from standa.
stakk, from stinga.
stal, stalu, from stela.
steig, st^, stigu, from stiga.
stend, from standa.
stikk, from stinga.
stokkinn, from stokkva.
stolinn, from stela.
stod, st66u, from standa.
strauk, struku, strokinn, from
strj lika.
studdi, stutt, from sty6ja,
stukku, from stokkva.
stunSi, from stynja.
stoe6i, from standa.
staeli, from stela.
stiidd, from ste5ja,
su6li, from sj65a,
sugu, from siiga.
sukku, from sokkva.
sulgu, from svelgja.
suUu, from svella.
sultu, from svelta.
summu, from svimma.
sunginn, sungu, from syngja.
supu, sypi, from siipa.
surfu, from sverfa.
svaf, svafu, svaefi, from sofa.
svalg, from svelgja.
svalt, from svelta.
svamm, from svimma.
svarf, surfu, from sverfa.
svarinn, from sverja.
sveiS, sviSinn, from svi5a.
sveik, sviku, from svikja.
sykki, from sokkva.
sylgi, from svelgja.
sy5, sy5i, from sj63a.
53{g> sygi, from sjiiga.
syp, sypi, from siipa.
saei, from sja.
sceri, from sverja.
saeti, from sitja.
soeSr, from syja.
sodd, from sedja.
s6g5, from segja.
sori, from sa.
taddi, from te5ja,
tafSi, from tefja.
talSi, from telja.
tam&i, from temja,
te, te6r, from tja.
tra6, tra5u, traeSi, from tro3a,
tre6, from tro6a.
trySi, from triia.
trodd, from tre5ja.
toeki, from taka.
tofd, from tefja.
togg, tugSi, tugginn, from
tyggja-
tolS, from telja.
ullu, from vella.
ultu, from velta.
um6i, from ymja.
undu, undinn, from vinda.
unnu, unninn, from vinua.
ur3u, from ver6a.
urpu, from verpa.
uxu, from vaxa.
vaf, from vefa.
vaf6i, from vefja.
vak3i, from vekja,
val3i, firom velja.
vail, from vella.
valt, from velta.
van5i, from venja.
vann, from vinna.
var, varu, from vera.
var3, from vcrSa.
var6i, from verja.
varp, from verpa.
vatt, from vinda.
va, vatt, vagu, from vega.
ve6, from va3a.
veik, vikinn, from vikja.
veit, veizt, vitu, from vita.
veld, from valda.
vex, from vaxa.
548
LIST OF IRREGULAR FORMS
vi5r = viiinr, from vinna.
vittu, from vinda.
voldi, from valda.
vaeri, from vera.
vot'3, from vefja.
vok6, from vekja,
vond, from venja.
yggi, from ugga.
yki, from auka.
ylli, from valda.
yiti, from velta.
yii3i, from una.
yndi, from vinda.
ynni, from unna and vinna.
yrSi, from verSa.
yrpi, from verpa.
yxi, from vaxa.
J)ag5i, from {)egja.
^ak6i, from J)ekja,
])an6i, from {)enja.
j)arf, J)arft, from J)urfa.
^aut, from J)j6ta.
J)a, J)agu, from t)iggja.
^atti, from t)ekkja.
t)orrinn, from l)verra.
j)Otinn, from ^jota.
|)6, t)6gu, from J)va.
J)6tti, fott, from J)3^kkja.
f)raut, J)rotinn, from J)rj6ta.
{)reif, ^rifu, from J)rifa.
Jjryt, from J)rj6ta.
J)ul6i, from J^ylja.
J)urru, from Jjverra.
[)usti, from {)ysja.
^varr, J)urru, J)yrri, ^orrian.
from {)verra.
J)vegiTm, from {jva.
^vx, from t)va.
t)yl3i, J)619i, from {)ola.
{)yr6i, J)or6i, from f)ora.
j)yrfti, from J)urfa.
J)yrri, from J)verra.
{)yti, from J)j6ta.
t)yt, from J)j6ta.
J)3egi, from {)iggia.
J3cetti, from J)\ kkja.
t)6kS, from fjckja.
{)ond, from J)enja.
ceSi, from va6a.
oeki, from aka,
celi, from ala.
aeti, from eta.
setti, from eiga.
or3u, from erja.
ottu, from etja.
Jottu, = attu, from eiga.
iOtu = atu, from eta.
!
II. Nominal Forms.
aSrir, from annarr, other.
Agli, from Egill.
agnar, from ogn, chaff.
aldar, from old, age.
alnar, from oln or alin, ell.
andar, from ond, breath, duck,
annar, from onn, labour.
ar&ar, from or9, tilling.
arkar, from ork, chest.
arnar, from orn, eagle.
aspar, from osp, asp.
aungan, aungva, &c., from ongr, none.
aurar, from eyrir, ounce.
axar, from ox, axe.
axlar, from oxl, shoulder.
a and ana, from a, river,
a, from aer, ewe.
ar, from a, river.
ballar, from biiUr, ball.
baikar, from borkr, barh.
beggja, from baSir, both.
birni, bjarnar, from bjorn, bear,
biargar, from bjorg, help.
bjorg, from bjarg, rock.
bjort, from bjartr, bright,
blatt, from bhir, blue.
blint, from blindr, blind.
blo9, from bla6, blade, leaf,
botz, from botn, bottom.
breitt, from breiSr, broad.
brynn, from briin, brow.
bryr, from bru, bridge.
brce9r, from bro&ir, brother.
broekr, from brok, breeches,
brogS, from bragS, exploit.
brott, from brattr, steep.
biiendr, from biiandi, franklin.
bae6i, from baSir, both.
ba'gi, from bogr, shoulder.
boejar, byjar, from boer, byr, town,
boekr, from bok, book.
baelki, from balkr, bidk, partitiotu
bcendr, from howdx, franklin.
bcetr, from bot, remedy,
bok, from bak, back.
bond, from band, bond,
bor9, from bar9, trim.
born, from barn, bairn, child.
degi, from dagr, day.
djorf, from djarfr, daring.
draetti, from drattr, pulling.
dura, from dyrr, door.
dvaiar, from dvol, delay.
dypri, from djiipr, deep.
doetr, from dottir, daughter,
dogum, from dagr, day.
dogurQr = dagverSr, dinner,
doium, from dair, dale.
Donum, from Danir, Danes,
dopr, from dapr, dismal,
eitt, from einn, one.
elptr, from alpt, swan,
endr, from cind, duck,
erni, from orn, eagle.
eyjar, from ey, island.
fannar. from fonn, snow-wreath.
NOMINAL FORMS
549
farar, from for, journey.
fatt, from iixx,few.
ithx, from faSir, father.
fegri, fegrstr, from \zgx,fuir.
tirSi, from C]'6ibx, firth.
firri, firstr, from fjarri, /ar.
fjaSrar, from i"\bbr, feather.
tjalar, from fjol, deal.
fjarQar, from {joibr, firth.
fjar, from fe, cattle.
fjogur, from fjurir, /owr.
tjGll, from f)M,fell.
iiatar, fleti, from flotr,_;?a/.
fleer, from {\6,fiea.
flot, from HdtTyfiat.
fremri, fremstr, fr. ix2ivci, forward.
fritt, from friSr, handsome.
fyllri, fyllstr, from iwWx y ftdl.
faeri, fkstr, from (a.T,feii,.
fcetr, from t'olr.fuot.
foSur, from fib t, father,
f6gnu6r — fagnaSr, _;oy,
fogr, from fagr, fair.
foil, from fall, /a//.
for, from far, footprint.
fost, from ta.siT, firm.
fot, from fat, garment.
galtar, gelti, from goltr, hog.
garnir, from go'^n, gut.
gjafar, from gjiif, gift.
gjarSar. from gjor3, girdle.
gjold, from qM, payment.
gjcirn, from gjarn, willing.
glatt, from gla6r, glad.
gloe3r, from gl66, embers.
glo3, from glaSr, glad,
gott, from g66r, good.
grafar, from grof, gravp.
graftar, grefti, from groi'tr, digging.
gratt, from grar, gray.
gryiinri, grynnstr, from grunnr, shallow.
gros, from gras, grass.
gaess, from gas, goose.
gomul, from gamall, old.
gotu, from gata, path.
HaSar, He6i, from Ho3r.
hafnar, from hofn, haven.
hallar, from holl, hall.
handar, from hond, hand.
Har3ar, Her3i, from H6r6r.
hattar, hetti, from htittr, hood.
hatt, from har, high.
heilog, from heilagr, holy.
ht-lgan, helgari, from heilagr, holy.
hendi, hendr, trom hond, hand.
himui, trom himinn, heaven.
hirti, from hjortr, hart.
hitt, from hinn, the other.
hjar6ar, from hjorS, herd.
hjoriu, from hjarta, heart,
hlytt, from hlyr, warm.
hncitr, hnetr, from hnot, nut.
hratt, from hrar, raw.
hundru5, from hundra5, hundred,
hvannar, from hvonn, angelica.
hvuss, from hvass, sharp.
hvot, from hvatr, vigorous.
haeri, haestr, from har, high,
haetti, from hattr, mode.
hof, from haf, sea.
hof3i, from hofu3, head,
hog, from hagr, handy,
hcill, from hallr, slant.
holt, from haltr, lame
hopt, from hapt, bond.
hord, from har3r, hard.
jarSar, from )6xb, earth.
jofii, jomn, from jafn, jamn, even.
karar, from kor, bed of a bedridden person.
kastar, kesti, from kostr, pile.
katli, from ketill, hettle.
kattar, ketti, from kottr, cat.
kill, from kjolr, keel.
klja, from kle, weaver s weight.
knarrar, knerri, from knorr, ship.
knja, knjam, from kne, knee.
kramar, from krom, wasting sickness.
ku, from kyr, cow.
kvalar, from kvol, torment.
kvenna, from kona, ivoman.
kiiku, from kaka, calte.
kold, from kaldr, cold.
koU, from kail, call.
k611u5, from kallaSr, called.
Ia3ar, from lo3, bidding.
laga, from log, law.
lagar, legi, from logr, water.
lanz, from land, land.
lasta, lesti, from lostr,/aM/^
latum, from laeti, mamiers.
leitt, from leiQr, loathed.
litit, from litill, little.
Ija, from le, t^cythe.
lukli, from lykill, key.
lyss, from liis, louse.
laegri, laegstr, from lagr, low.
leer, from 16, plover.
lomb, from lamb, lamb,
lond, from land, land.
long, from langr, long.
magar, megi, irom mogr, son.
malar, from mol, gravel.
manar, from mon, mane.
manna, manni, mannr, from ma3r, man.
550
LIST OF IRREGULAR FORMS
iiiaraar, mer3i, from mbrSr, marten.
markar, from mork, mark, march,
mart, from margr, many,
mattkan, from mattigr, mighty.
iiiegri, from magr, meager.
menn, me5r, from ma6r, ma?i,
merkr, from mork, mark.
mey, meyjar, from maer, maid,
miji, from mj66r, mead.
mikit, from mikill, mickle,
mitt, from minn, mine.
mitt, from mi3r, middle.
mjaSar, from mj66r, mead.
nijallar, from mjoll, snow.
mjutt, from mjur, sli7n.
morni, from inorginn, morning.
monoSr = manaSr, month.
mu6r = munnr, mouth.
raykill = mikill, mickle.
niyss, from mus, mouse.
moe6r, from moSir, mother.
maetti, from mattr, might.
moSru, from niaSra, madder.
mogn, from magn, might.
mogr, from magr, meagre.
morg, from margr, many.
mork, from mark, march, border,
mJo\, from mal, speech.
nasar, from nos, nostril.
nanari, from nainn, near.
nattar, from nott, night.
negl, from nagl, nail.
Nir6i, Njar6ar, from NjorQr,
nytt, from nyr, new.
naetr, from nott, night.
noetr, from not, net.
nofn, nomn, from nafn, namn, name.
nordri, nerSri, = nyr3ri, more north.
orz, from or6, word.
ott, from 66r, enraged.
radar, from ro3, row, series,
raddar, from rodd, voice.
randar, from rond, stripe,
rastar, from rost, mile.
rott, from ror, resting.
rcer, from ro, burr {/or a nail).
rcetr, from r6t, root.
romm, from rammr, strong, bitter.
rong, from rangr, wrong.,
ronn, from rann, house.
xh = ra, nook, yard.
sa3r = sannr, sooth.
sagar, from sog, saw {to saw).
sagnar, from sogn, saw {to say).
sakar, from sok, sake.
tannz, from sandr, sand.
•att, from sannr, sooth.
sitt, from sinn, suus,
sitt, from si3r, long.
skemri, skemstr, from skammr, short,
skildi, from skjoldr, shield.
skuar, from skor, shoe.
skomm, from skammr, short.
skopt, from skapt, shaft, handle.
skopud, from skapaftr, shaped.
skorS, from skar5, cleft.
skorp, from skarpr, sharp.
slaett, from slaer, blunt.
slaetti, from slattr, smiting.
smaeri, smacstr, from smar, small.
snautt, from snau6r, poor.
spalar, speli, from spolr, rail.
spjold, from spjald, tablet.
spjoll, from spjall, spell.
spaeni, from spann, chip.
spok, from spakr, wise.
stangar, stengr, from stong, pole.
steSja, from ste6i, stithy.
strandar, strendr, from strond, strand.
styttri, styztr, from stuttr, short.
stoeri, stoerstr, from storr, great.
stodr, ste6r, from stab, pillar.
sumur, from siimar, summer.
sii, from sa, that.
sii, from syr, sow.
svar&ar, sverSi, from sv6r3r, sword.
sveppi, from svoppr, mushroom.
svi5r = svinnr, wise.
svor, from svar, answer.
syni, seaii, from sonr, son,
saett, from sasr, seen.
saevar, from saer, sea.
sogu, from saga, story.
sdit, from saltr, salt.
solu, from sala, sale.
som, from samr, same.
sonn, from sannr, true.
SOX, from sax, sword.
sJoT = sar, sore, wound.
tafar, from tof, delay.
tangar, from tong, tongs.
tennr, te6r, tanna, from tonn, tooth.
tjarnar, from ijorn, tarn.
tra3ar, from tro5, enclosure.
trja, trjani, from tre, tree.
tnitt, from trtir, true.
tugli, from tygill, strap.
tveggja, from tveir, two.
tvxr, tva, tvau, from tveir, tico.
taer, from ta, toe.
t'obu, from ta3a, hay.
tofl, from tafi, sa?ne.
tolu, from tala, speech, tale.
tolu5, from talaSr, told, spoken.
NOMINAL FORMS
551
torn, from tamr, tame.
t6pu3, from tapa6r, lost.
ttisku, from taska, bag.
tjbr = tar, tears.
vakar, from vok, hole.
valar, veli, from voir, sticJi.
vallar, velli, from \o\\x, field.
vambar, from vomb, womb.
vamma, from vomrn, fault.
vandar, vendi, from vondr, wand.
vant, from vandr, difficjilt.
varSar, verSi, from vorSr, ward.
varnar, from vorn, defence,
varrar, from vorr, ///.
varrar, verri, from viirr, pull.
vattar, vetti, from vo;tr, glove.
vatz, from vatn, water.
vaxtar, vexti, from voxtr, growth.
vant, from vandr, bad.
vtraldar, from verold, world.
vesol, from vesall, wretched.
vilja, from vili, will.
vinz, from vindr, wind,
vitt, from vi6r, wide.
vo3, from vib,ford.
voknuS, from vakna6r, awake.
voku, from vaka, waking.
void, from vald, power.
volu, from vala, knuckle.
von, from vanr, want.
vond, from vandr, diffictdt,
vor, from varr, aware.
vorQu, from varfta, beacon.
vorm, from varmr, warm,
vcirtu, from varta, wart.
voru, from vara, wares.
vosk, from vaskr, valiatit.
votn, from vatn, water,
v,6n = van, hope.
v^pn = vapn, weapon.
yngri, yngstr, from ungr, young,
yxn, from uxi, ox.
J)agnar, flrom \>'o^n, silence.
{)ak.kar, from ^okk, thanks.
^au, J)aer, from J)eir, they.
t)itt, from J)inn, thine.
j)ramar, J)remi, from {)r6mr, rim, border,
J)rastar, J)resti, from ^rostr, thrush.
t)riggja, from J)rir, three.
t)rjar, ^rju, from ^tit, three.
\nxb'\, from ^ra5r, thread.
{)vaetti, from J)vattr, wash.
t)yngri, {jyngstr, from {)ungr, heavy.
j)ynnri, jjynnstr, from {)unnr, thin,
jjsetti, from t)attr, strand.
[)ok, from ^ak, thatch.
aerir, from arr, messenger.
aesir, from ass, god.
o3rum, from annarr, other,
o6u, from aSa, shell.
ofl, from afl, strength
ogn, from agn, bait.
okrum, from akr, acre.
61dru6, from aldraSr, aged.
iJldrum, from aldr, eld, age.
oldur, from alda, wave.
ommu, from amnia, grandmother,
ondu3, from andaSr, dear.
ondurSr = ondverSr, opposed,
onnur, from annarr, other.
opnum, from aptan, evening,
org, from argr, mean.
orm, from armr, poor.
ormum, from armr, arm.
ornum, from arinn, hearth,
orvar, from or, arrow.
osku, from aska, ashes.
osnu, from asna, she-ass,
otul, from atall, d:re.
ox, from ax, ear of corn,
«6 = a, river.
J) = k, from aer, ewe,
d6\ = al, strap.
dOT = ar, oar.
<6x = ar, years,
coxx =■ arr, messenger,
.OSS = ass, god.
<6st =■ 4st, lovu
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